Готові списки джерел за темами / Extended life

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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Extended life"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022

Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Extended life"

Di Paolo, Ezequiel. "Extended Life." Topoi 28, no. 1 (December 18, 2008): 9–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11245-008-9042-3.

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Tatar, Marc, Aziz A. Khazaeli, and James W. Curtsinger. "Chaperoning extended life." Nature 390, no. 6655 (November 1997): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/36237.

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Kulikova, Nadezda V., and Paul Armstrong. "Extended reviews." International Journal of Lifelong Education 29, no. 1 (January 2010): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02601370903471403.

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Pietersz, Ruby N. I., and Pieter F. van der Meer. "Extended platelet shelf-life." Transfusion and Apheresis Science 24, no. 3 (June 2001): 239–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1473-0502(01)00061-1.

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Kontermann, Roland E. "Half-life extended biotherapeutics." Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 16, no. 7 (April 18, 2016): 903–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/14712598.2016.1165661.

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Cordeiro, Gauss M., Artur J. Lemonte, and Edwin M. M. Ortega. "An extended fatigue life distribution." Statistics 47, no. 3 (June 2013): 626–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02331888.2011.617447.

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Poturnicki, Alfred S., and James E. Traft. "Hydrophone with extended operational life." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 85, no. 6 (June 1989): 2690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.397329.

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&NA;. "Ten Years of “Extended” Life." Transplantation Journal 94, no. 3 (August 2012): e22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/tp.0b013e31825ffce8.

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Savoiskii, V. N., A. A. Sachko, and V. A. Bakhmat. "Seal with extended service life." Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 21, no. 4 (April 1985): 179–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01148102.

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Gable, Richard. "Precision microhole for extended life batteries." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 124, no. 5 (2008): 2677. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.3020577.

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Дисертації з теми "Extended life"

Kroll, Stephan. "Extended life of swimming pools through LCC." Thesis, KTH, Byggvetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-96505.

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Swimming pools constructed with reinforced concrete require a high level of expertise within both, its planning and execution. To build waterproof concrete shells, extensive concrete technology knowledge, detailed planning of joint formation and high quality safety measures are needed. This thesis evaluates concrete technology features for swimming pool construction in Germany and Sweden. In particular, guidelines by DafStb, DIN and DgfdB provide the planner with detailed advice and specifics about swimming pools. It also gives an overview about the actual condition of swimming pools in Sweden that reached an age of at least 30 years and shows structural consequences of mistakes in planning and construction of swimming pools. The aspect of financial consequences is also analyzed. With the support of the software “Legep”, the methodology of LCC was used to estimate costs in the future. Additionally, a proposal of post tensioned concrete as a more sustainable technology for watertight concrete basins is shown and under equal aspects analyzed and compared.

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Worobo, Rodney Jason. "Ground beef quality and extended storage life." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq21225.pdf.

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Overturf, Logan Matthew. "STUDY OF EXTENDED LIFE COOLANT WITH SUSPENDED CARBON NANOTUBES." OpenSIUC, 2011. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/689.

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Utilizing an experimental facility which was prepared to conduct performance tests on heat exchangers; experiments were completed in an attempt to see verifiable improvements in overall heat transfer coefficient in engine coolant with nanoparticles suspended at different weight percentages. The different fluids tested were: base ELC (Extended Life Coolant), ELC with 0.002 wt% CNT (Carbon Nanotubes), ELC with 0.02 wt% CNT, ELC with 0.02 wt% MWNT's (Multiwalled Nanotubes) and water. The volume percents range from 0.00164 volume% to 0.0164 volume% which seemed quite small, but according to Caterpillar representatives, were the best concentration. These fluids were tested at standard flowrates which this type of heat exchanger would be used in as well as a higher air flowrate and lower coolant flowrates in an attempt to gather more verifiable data. Results were obtained regarding the change in heat transfer ability of engine coolant with suspended nanoparticles. For this system under these specific conditions, there was verifiably no increase in UA as nanoparticles were added to the coolant. The benefits of adding nanoparticles to engine coolant have potential to be great, but the cost of nanoparticles and difficulty keeping them suspended may outweigh any benefits obtainable in this type of set up.

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Mugadza, Desmond Tichaona. "Bacillus and Paenibacillus spp. associated with extended shelf life milk." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/65919.

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Extended shelf life (ESL) milk combines longer shelf life and better organoleptic characteristics; a combination that is absent in both pasteurised and ultra-heat treated (UHT) milk. Bacterial spoilage remains the main cause of food loss worldwide, which also includes milk and dairy products, despite advances in food preservation technology. The objectives of this study were to identify and characterise the spore-forming population associated with ESL milk during processing and chilled storage as well as characterising Bacillus cereus isolates obtained from ESL milk processing and during storage. Characterisation of spore-formers associated with ESL milk was done by analysing bacteriological quality of milk samples collected at various processing stages and during storage. Isolates were identified with MALDI-TOF-MS. B. cereus strains obtained from ESL milk and filler nozzles were characterised using (GTG)5 Rep PCR fingerprinting; the presence of virulence genes; cytotoxin K (cytK), nonhemolytic enterotoxin A (nheA), emetic toxin cereulide (cer) and enterotoxin hemolysin BL (hblA). The isolates were further discriminated as psychrotrophic and mesophilic strains using 16S rDNA. Furthermore, B. cereus isolates were selected for 16S partial sequencing. Some of the B. cereus strains obtained from ESL milk and filler nozzles were further characterised using rpoB partial sequencing and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Milk had spore counts < 2 log10 cfu/ml and 4 log10 cfu/ml during processing and storage, respectively. Bacillus pumilus dominated the bacterial population. In addition B. subtilis, B. cereus, B. sonorensis, B. licheniformis and Paenibacillus spp. were among the main spore-formers identified in the study. Bacterial species were inoculated in sterile milk for a shelf life study and population change observed over 42 days at 7 oC. Despite high prevalence of cer, hblA and nheA; cytK was not widely distributed. There was 100% and 8% prevalence of mesophilic and psychrotrophic signatures, respectively in B. cereus isolates. Although ESL milk process was effective in the reduction of bacterial counts and species diversity, the presence of B. cereus shows a potential safety problem in ESL milk. Despite the large diversity of the B. cereus strains in this study, there is evidence that biofilms associated with filler nozzles and raw milk are a source of contamination of B. cereus in ESL milk. Furthermore, the study has also shown that rpoB partial sequencing and MLST can be used as a tool for source tracking in ESL milk processing.
Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Food Science
PhD
Unrestricted

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Kaufmann, Veronika [Verfasser]. "Einflussfaktoren auf die Produktcharakteristika von Extended Shelf Life (ESL)-Milch / Veronika Kaufmann." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1028784244/34.

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Canevet, Sophie. "The role of information systems evaluation across an extended system life cycle." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.321425.

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Kingsley, Peter Alden. "Life extended : the intimate politics of the antiretroviral era in Northern Nigeria." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9771.

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For more than thirty years, the HIV pandemic has caused immense harm across sub-Saharan Africa. From the middle of the last decade, however, a treatment revolution has been underway, as effective antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) have become available to millions of ordinary people. This thesis examines the far-reaching consequences of this new reality in Northern Nigeria. It argues that the significance of the ARV era cannot be fully understood simply by monitoring how many patients are receiving treatment, but instead must be explained in terms of the multifaceted changes it has driven in institutions and the lives of HIV positive people. This study uses ethnographic case studies and participatory methods to understand this new historical moment from ‘below’. It provides new empirical perspectives on how the ARV era has profoundly altered the ways in which HIV positive people suffer. The difficulties of daily life when subjected to opportunistic infections, side effects from drugs, and social stigma are compounded by memories of past trauma and fears for an uncertain future. Previous studies have indicated HIV positive people often form new relationships (e.g. Rhine, 2009), but rarely have these post-HIV relationships been described. This study argues that these new relationships, often distant from conventional family supervision, have a unique character, blending traditional forms with ‘modern’ ideas about romance. After a HIV disclosure, incomes and assets (particularly those reliant on family relationships) are often reduced. Along with the cost of treatment (broadly defined to include a range of curative practices), this forces those living with HIV to adapt their livelihood strategies, often using networks of solidarity between positive people. The process of lobbying for improvements in medical care is also explored. Both doctors and NGOs advocate on behalf of HIV positive people, but do so with strikingly different tactics and results. This has important implications for continuing debates about working ‘with the grain’ (Crook and Booth, 2011) for development in patrimonial states. In summary, whilst HIV treatment has saved the lives of millions, inventing drugs and getting them to the people who need them are merely the first steps in alleviating suffering. The thesis traces the most important tasks in securing wellbeing in the ARV era – those pursued by HIV positive people themselves.

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Shevchenko, V. V. "Proposals for Improving the Technical State of Turbogenerators in Excess of the Service Life." Thesis, Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National Universityrs, 2017. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/33574.

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The state of the world economy, the global economic crisis determined that the first priority in making engineering decisions is economic profitability. This affected on the state and development of the electric power industry, in particular, on the operational policy of repairs and the implementation of replacement schedules for turbogenerators that have fulfilled the service life. Therefore, the main worldwide trend of the development of energy systems and turbine generators was not the replacement of equipment that had worked its life, but the extension of the terms of his work.

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Rodgers, Svetlana. "Development of a bio-preservation method for extended shelf-life cook-chill systems /." View thesis, 2003. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030721.150526/index.html.

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Thesis (PhD) -- University of Western Sydney, 2003.
"A thesis submitted for degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Centre for Advanced Food Research, School of Science, Food & Horticulture, University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury campus, Richmond, Australia, January 2003" Bibliography: leaves 199-227.

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Sammons, Laura Dawn. "Migration of Penicillium spinulosum from Paperboard Packaging to Extended Shelf Life Milk." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35441.

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The growth and survival of the psychrotroph Penicillium spinulosum in paperboard was studied along with the wicking characteristics of ultra-pasteurized milk to understand sporadic fungal contamination of ultra-pasteurized, extended shelf life milk products. Previous research has indicated paperboard packaging as a potential source for the fungal contamination. Migration from paperboard to ultra-pasteurized skim milk during a 60-day shelf life, was investigated by inoculating condia (spores) into sterilized paperboard squares (57.2 by 57.2 mm) made from ultra-pasteurized milk cartons. Test-squares were sealed on three sides and inoculated at 3.2, 6.4, 9.5 and 12.7 mm from the uncoated (unskived) edge. The surrounding milk was tested for the presence of the fungus. Penicillium spinulosum was detected in 84% of samples at 3.2, 72% at 6.4, 50% at 9.5, and 28% at 12.7 mm from the uncoated edge. Survival in paperboard was investigated in sealed paperboard test-squares incubated in ultra-pasteurized skim milk at 7°C every 10 days up to 60 days. Penicillium spinulosum survived in the interior of paperboard for the entire incubation period. Survival was also measured on all test-squares for which P. spinulosum was not detected in the surrounding milk in the migration study. Penicillium spinulosum was detected in 94.4% of all negative samples. The wicking characteristics of ultra-pasteurized skim and whole milk were measured in four boards from gable-top cartons for ultra-pasteurized milk products. Test-squares were sealed on 3 sides and incubated in ultra-pasteurized skim or whole milk at 7°C. Wicking distances were measured every 10 days up to 60 days. A significant interaction was seen between the types of paperboard and milk. It is most likely that P. spinulosum at all inoculation distances had access to milk as a source of nutrition by day 40 in the migration study.
Master of Science

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Книги з теми "Extended life"

Ní Léime, Áine, Jim Ogg, Martina Rašticová, Debra Street, Clary Krekula, Monika Bédiová, and Ignacio Madero-Cabib, eds. Extended Working Life Policies. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40985-2.

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Joseph, Jenny. Extended similes. Newcastle upon Tyne [England]: Bloodaxe Books, 1997.

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American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. and United States. Federal Highway Administration., eds. Pavement markings: Materials and application for extended service life. Washington, D.C: Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, 1988.

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Newquist, Deborah D. Health and extended worklife: An information paper. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1985.

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Newquist, Deborah D. Health and extended worklife: An information paper. Washingon: U.S. G.P.O., 1985.

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Dance until the music stops: An inspiring guide to extended life. Bloomington: iUniverse, 2011.

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Douglas, Claude J. When the village was an extended family in Grenada. St. Andrew, Grenada: Maryzoon Press, 2003.

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The prodigal wife. [Bath]: Windsor/Paragon, 2009.

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Willett, Marcia. The prodigal wife. London: Bantam, 2009.

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Extended families in Africa and the African diaspora. Trenton, N.J: Africa World Press, 2011.

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Частини книг з теми "Extended life"

Princée, F. P. G. "Extended Life Table." In Topics in Biodiversity and Conservation, 127–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50032-4_9.

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Ogg, Jim, and Martina Rašticová. "Introduction: Key Issues and Policies for Extending Working Life." In Extended Working Life Policies, 3–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40985-2_1.

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Pranjić, Nurka, and Maja Račić. "Bosnia and Herzogovina." In Extended Working Life Policies, 163–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40985-2_10.

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Trifonova, Tihomira, and Kamellia Lillova. "Bulgaria." In Extended Working Life Policies, 173–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40985-2_11.

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Madero-Cabib, Ignacio, José De-Amesti, and María-Soledad Herrera. "Chile." In Extended Working Life Policies, 183–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40985-2_12.

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Zrinščak, Siniša, Maja Vehovec, and Drago Čengić. "Croatia." In Extended Working Life Policies, 195–204. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40985-2_13.

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Mavrikiou, Petroula M. "Cyprus." In Extended Working Life Policies, 205–15. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40985-2_14.

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Rašticová, Martina, Monika Bédiová, Jana Mikušová, Aneta Krejčová, and Jiří Černý. "Czech Republic." In Extended Working Life Policies, 217–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40985-2_15.

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Jensen, Per H. "Denmark." In Extended Working Life Policies, 229–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40985-2_16.

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Unt, Marge, Margarita Kazjulja, and Viivi Krönström. "Estonia." In Extended Working Life Policies, 241–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40985-2_17.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Extended life"

Nuschke, Paul, Tara Holmes, and Yaseen Qadah. "My health, my life." In CHI '06 extended abstracts. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1125451.1125803.

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Brush, A. J., Leysia Palen, Laurel Swan, and Alex S. Taylor. "Designs for home life." In CHI '05 extended abstracts. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1056808.1057087.

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Yoshie, Kiritani, Mizobuchi Sachi, and Ohhashi Hideki. "Effect of latency of response on life-like communication using a dog-like robot." In CHI '06 extended abstracts. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1125451.1125638.

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Wild, Peter J., Peter Johnson, and Hilary Johnson. "An hour in the life." In CHI '03 extended abstracts. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/765891.766125.

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Loughran, Steve. "The secret life of notebooks." In CHI '00 extended abstracts. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/633292.633463.

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Giorgi, Sabina, Alessandra Talamo, and Barbara Mellini. "The "life frame"." In the 2011 annual conference extended abstracts. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1979742.1979778.

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Richardson, Robert C., Brian M. O'Connor, and Michael P. Gahagan. "Balancing Extended Oil Drain With Extended Equipment Life." In International Fuels & Lubricants Meeting & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/961110.

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Churchill, Elizabeth F., Les Nelson, and Gary Hsieh. "Café life in the digital age." In CHI '06 extended abstracts. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1125451.1125481.

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Gilmore, David J., and Velma L. Velázquez. "Design in harmony with human life." In CHI '00 extended abstracts. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/633292.633429.

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Kerton, Brenda. "Introducing usability at London Life insurance company." In CHI '97 extended abstracts. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1120212.1120263.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Extended life"

Miller, L. G., and J. M. Beeston. Extended life aluminide fuel. Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5422464.

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Forest, Jr., L. R., T. R. Deutsch, and W. W. Schenler. Cost savings from extended life nuclear plants. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6126496.

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Johnson, Michael, Narjes Fallah, Sheila Killian, and Colin Fitzpatrick. Financing the Recycling of Long Life Products under Extended Producer Responsibility -A Case Study of PV. University of Limerick, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31880/10344/10258.

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Friedman, Haya, Julia Vrebalov, James Giovannoni, and Edna Pesis. Unravelling the Mode of Action of Ripening-Specific MADS-box Genes for Development of Tools to Improve Banana Fruit Shelf-life and Quality. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2010.7592116.bard.

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Fruit deterioration is a consequence of a genetically-determined fruit ripening and senescence programs, in which developmental factors lead to a climacteric rise of ethylene production in ethylene-sensitive fruits such as tomato and banana. Breeding of tomato with extended fruit shelf life involves the incorporation of a mutation in RIN, a MADS-box transcription factor participating in developmental control signalling of ripening. The RIN mode of action is not fully understood, and it may be predicted to interact with other MADS-box genes to execute its effects. The overall goal of this study was to demonstrate conservation of ripening control functions between banana and tomato and thus, the potential to genetically extend shelf-life in banana based on tools developed in tomato. The specific objectives were: 1. To increase the collection of potential RIN-like genes from banana; 2. To verify their action as developmental regulators; 3. To elucidate MADS-box gene mode of action in ripening control; 4. To create transgenic banana plants that express low levels of endogenous Le-RIN- like, MaMADS- gene(s). We have conducted experiments in banana as well as in tomato. In tomato we have carried out the transformation of the tomato rin mutant with the MaMADS1 and MaMADS2 banana genes. We have also developed a number of domain swap constructs to functionally examine the ripening-specific aspects of the RIN gene. Our results show the RIN-C terminal region is essential for the gene to function in the ripening signalling pathway. We have further explored the tomato genome databases and recovered an additional MADS-box gene necessary for fruit ripening. This gene has been previously termed TAGL1 but has not been functionally characterized in transgenic plants. TAGL1 is induced during ripening and we have shown via RNAi repression that it is necessary for both fleshy fruit expansion and subsequent ripening. In banana we have cloned the full length of six MaMADS box genes from banana and determined their spatial and temporal expression patterns. We have created antibodies to MaMADS2 and initiated ChI assay. We have created four types of transgenic banana plants designed to reduce the levels of two of the MaMADS box genes. Our results show that the MaMADS-box genes expression in banana is dynamically changing after harvest and most of them are induced at the onset of the climacteric peak. Most likely, different MaMADS box genes are active in the pulp and peel and they are differently affected by ethylene. Only the MaMADS2 box gene expression is not affected by ethylene indicating that this gene might act upstream to the ethylene response pathway. The complementation analysis in tomato revealed that neither MaMADS1 nor MaMADS2 complement the rin mutation suggesting that they have functionally diverged sufficiently to not be able to interact in the context of the tomato ripening regulatory machinery. The developmental signalling pathways controlling ripening in banana and tomato are not identical and/or have diverged through evolution. Nevertheless, at least the genes MaMADS1 and MaMADS2 constitute part of the developmental control of ripening in banana, since transgenic banana plants with reduced levels of these genes are delayed in ripening. The detailed effect on peel and pulp, of these transgenic plants is underway. So far, these transgenic bananas can respond to exogenous ethylene, and they seem to ripen normally. The response to ethylene suggest that in banana the developmental pathway of ripening is different than that in tomato, because rin tomatoes do not ripen in response to exogenous ethylene, although they harbor the ethylene response capability This study has a major contribution both in scientific and agricultural aspects. Scientifically, it establishes the role of MaMADS box genes in a different crop-the banana. The developmental ripening pathway in banana is similar, but yet different from that of the model plant tomato and one of the major differences is related to ethylene effect on this pathway in banana. In addition, we have shown that different components of the MaMADS-box genes are employed in peel and pulp. The transgenic banana plants created can help to further study the ripening control in banana. An important and practical outcome of this project is that we have created several banana transgenic plants with fruit of extended shelf life. These bananas clearly demonstrate the potential of MaMADS gene control for extending shelf-life, enhancing fruit quality, increasing yield in export systems and for improving food security in areas where Musaspecies are staple food crops.

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Lucas, Richard E. Comparing global reports of subjective well-being to experiential measures. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/populationyearbook2021.rev01.

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Subjective well-being (SWB) is an overall evaluation of the quality of a person’slife from his or her own perspective. One common method of assessing thisconstruct requires respondents to think about their life as a whole and to providea “global” evaluation that summarizes across life domains or affective experiencesover extended periods of time. The validity of these global measures has beenchallenged, however; and experiential measures, which ask respondents to reporton their momentary evaluative experiences many times over a constrained timeperiod, have been suggested as a more valid alternative. This paper addresses theempirical evidence for one important challenge to global measures: the possibilitythat temporarily salient information overwhelmingly influences global judgments,reducing their reliability and validity. This paper critiques prior evidence for thischallenge and presents new concerns about the assumed validity of the proposedalternative: experiential measures.

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Habert, Guillaume, and Francesco Pittau. Joint synthesis “Sustainable Concrete Structures” of the NRP “Energy”. Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), February 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46446/publication_nrp70_nrp71.2020.5.en.

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All structures in Switzerland - that is, all buildings, roads, infrastructure constructions and so on - consume over their entire life cycle around 50 % of Switzerland's final energy requirement. They are also responsible for around 30 % of emissions of the greenhouse gas CO2. In recent decades, the energy requirements and CO2 emissions resulting from the use of such structures have fallen sharply. However, the grey energy contained within the structures as well as the CO2 emissions associated with the construction, renovation and demolition of buildings, remain high. There is great potential for improvement here. The joint project “Low energy concrete” provides an important basis for transforming the construction industry into a sustainable sector. It primarily focuses on the building material concrete, which is responsible for an especially high amount of grey energy and significant CO2 emissions. The results of this joint project are summarised and interpreted in this synthesis on “Sustainable Concrete Structures”. The chief objectives of the joint project were as follows: CO2 emissions and grey energy are reduced by drastically decreasing the amount of clinker in the cement. Grey energy is reduced by replacing reinforcing and prestressing steel in concrete structures with wood and plastic. The service life of the structures is extended by professional monitoring and adequate renovation measures; this reduces the average annual grey energy and CO2 emissions. The research work shows that the CO2 emissions caused by concrete and concrete structures can be reduced by a factor of 4, while the bound grey energy can be decreased by a factor of 3.

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Woodson, William, Shimon Mayak, and Haim Rabinowitch. Physiological and Molecular Characterization of the Response to Ethylene during Senescence of Carnation Genotypic Variants. United States Department of Agriculture, July 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7613011.bard.

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The senescence of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) flowers is associated with increased production of the phytohormone ethylene, which in turn serves to initiate and regulate the processes involved in programmed petal death. We investigated the regulation of ethylene production and petal senescence in carnation. Several carnation genotypes were identified that exhibited extended vase-life in comparison to flowers from typical commercial cultivars. The capacity of these genotypes to produce ethylene during postharvest vase-life and to respond to exogenous ethylene was investigated. Several genotypes, represented by 'Sandrosa' and 87-37G produced little ethylene durig their postharvest vase-life and as a result failed to exhibit the symptoms (in-rolling and wilting) typical of flowers producing elevated levels of ethylene. These genotypes were further separated by their capacity to respond to exogenous ethylene by both increased ethylene synthesis and premature petal senescence. In one case a genotype (799) was identified that was not capable of responding to exogenous ethylene by either increased ethylene production or premature petal senescence. The regulation of ethylene production during petal senescence was investigated both at the enzyme and gene levels. A full length cDNA was identified for the petal senescence-related ACC synthase gene. Utilizing this, and other ethylene biosynthetic pathway cDNA probes, an increase in both ACC synthase and ACC oxidase mRNAs were detected following ethylene treatment. An increase in ACC oxidase mRNA and enzyme activity was detected within 2-3 h following ethylene treatment, indicating the expression of this gene is an early response to ethylene. An investigation into the expression of novel proteins during petal senescence revealed a number of polypeptides increased in abundance and possibly play a role in the regulation or biochemical processes of senescence. One polypeptide of 70 kDa was identified as being encoded by the previously characterized gene SR12 and possibly represents a b-galactosidase involved in the remobilization of carbohydrates during senescence.

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Schaefer, Kirsten, and Henry Navarro. Sustainable Bridal & Beyond – Using Design to Extend Garment Life & Eliminate Waste. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-845.

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Mazari, Mehran, Siavash F. Aval, Siddharth M. Satani, David Corona, and Joshua Garrido. Developing Guidelines for Assessing the Effectiveness of Intelligent Compaction Technology. Mineta Transportation Institute, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.1923.

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Many factors affect pavement compaction quality, which can vary. Such variability may result in an additional number of passes required, extended working hours, higher energy consumption, and negative environmental impacts. The use of Intelligent Compaction (IC) technology during construction can improve the quality and longevity of pavement structures while reducing risk for contractors and project owners alike. This study develops guidelines for the implementation of IC in the compaction of pavement layers as well as performing a preliminary life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA) of IC technology compared to the conventional compaction approach. The environmental impacts of the improved construction process were quantified based on limited data available from the case studies. The LCCA performed in this study consisted of different scenarios in which the number of operating hours was evaluated to estimate the cost efficiency of the intelligent compaction technique during construction. The analyses showed a reduction in energy consumption and the production of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions with the use of intelligent compaction. The LCCA showed that the use of IC technology may reduce the construction and maintenance costs in addition to enhancing the quality control and quality assurance (QC/QA) process. However, a more comprehensive analysis is required to fully quantify the benefits and establish more accurate performance indicators. A draft version of the preliminary guidelines for implementation of IC technology and long-term monitoring of the performance of pavement layers compacted thereby is also included in this report.

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Robert Youngblood. Objective 1: Extend Life, Improve Performance, and Maintain Safety of the Current Fleet Implementation Plan. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1010673.

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