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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Export and Import Dynamics"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 25 травня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Export and Import Dynamics"

Bessonov, Vasiliy. "FOREIGN ECONOMIC SECURITY OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUC-ERS AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN THE EAEU." Russian Journal of Management 8, no. 3 (November 24, 2020): 76–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/2409-6024-2020-8-3-76-80.

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The aim of the study is to determine the impact of foreign economic security of agricultural producers on the integration and stability of the EAEU. The positive and negative impact of exports and imports on economic growth in the industry and economy, which can pose threats to foreign economic security, is highlighted. Indices of gross added value of agricultural goods, structure of export and import of goods by purpose in dynamics for 2015-2019, changes of share of export and import of agricultural raw materials and food products were analyzed. A conclusion was made about similar trends in the EAEU member states in the dynamics of agricultural production, the growth of food exports, a decrease in imports, the impact of the export and import of agricultural raw materials and food products of the EAEU member states on the economic growth of the agricultural industry.

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Narbut, V. V., T. I. Chinaeva, and E. I. Larionova. "Structural Changes in the Dynamics of China’s Exports and Imports." Statistics and Economics 21, no. 2 (May 17, 2024): 60–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2500-3925-2024-2-60-71.

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The economic policy pursued has turned China into a major trading power. In terms of GDP, the Chinese economy has been the first economy in the world for a number of recent years; China’s rapidly growing trade flows have made it the largest trading partner for many countries. Over the past twenty years there has been rapid growth in exports and imports. The article puts forward a hypothesis about the presence of structural instability in the dynamics of Chinese exports for the period from 2000 to 2020. The hypothesis was confirmed and two periods were identified in the dynamics of exports and imports with different natures of the main development trend: from 2000 to 2008 and from 2009 to 2020. For each stage, trend equations were selected that describe the dynamics of exports and imports and an interval forecast of indexes for 2021 was made. Materials and methods. During the work, dynamic, structural analysis of analytical and statistical information was used; methods of analytical, logical, systemic, correlation and regression analysis were used, as well as analysis of structural changes. The analysis was carried out using the Statistica 10.0 program.Results. A change in the value of the import coverage ratio by exports was revealed before and after structural changes in the dynamics of the main foreign economic indexes and an assessment of their statistical significance was given. An analysis of the influence of export dynamics on GDP dynamics was carried out and it was found that before structural changes, the influence of export dynamics on GDP dynamics was statistically insignificant, and after a structural change, export dynamics began to have a direct impact on changes in China’s GDP. Conclusion. Analysis of official statistical data on the main indexes of China’s foreign economic activity for the period from 2000 to 2020 allowed us to note that the volume of Chinese exports increased over the period 2010-2019 from $1.58 trillion in 2010 (10.34% of global exports), to $2.50 trillion in 2019 (12.81% of global exports). In 2019, China continued to rank first in terms of export value among all countries in the world. Despite the challenging year of 2020, China’s exports reached almost 2.6 trillion US dollars and increased by 4% compared to 2019.China also occupies a leading position in the export of high-tech goods - their volume is 731.9 billion US dollars, the share of exports in the global volume is 25%. At the same time, the dynamics of Chinese exports for the period from 2000 to 2020 was heterogeneous and characterized by structural instability. Two stages can be distinguished with different characteristics of the main development trend: from 2000 to 2008 and from 2009 to 2020. Based on this, the authors came to the conclusion that to describe the main trend in the development of export and import dynamics for the period from 2000 to 2008, the exponential model is best suited. To describe the main trend in the development of export and import dynamics in the period from 2009 to 2020 - logarithmic model. A study of the consistency of changes in export and import volumes showed that in the period from 2009 to 2020 was characterized by greater consistency in China’s main foreign trade flows than the period from 2000 to 2008. In the period before the structural change in the dynamics of exports and imports, the coverage ratio varied from 105.7% to 127.6%; in the period after the structural change, the coverage ratio changed from 108.9% to 135.4%.Checking the statistical significance of the differences in the coefficient of coverage of imports by exports before and after the structural change showed that the differences are not statistically significant. In the period from 2000 to 2008 the dynamics of China’s exports did not have a statistically significant impact on the dynamics of the country’s GDP. From 2009 to 2020 after structural changes in the nature of the dynamics of the main indexes of China’s foreign trade, changes in exports began to have a statistically significant impact on the dynamics of GDP. A 1% increase in China’s exports now results in a 0.25% increase in GDP.The practical significance of the paper is determined by the developed methodology for analyzing structural changes in the dynamics of exports and imports, examined using the example of China.

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Holubova, H. V. "Application of Index Models in Assessing the Foreign Economic Activity of Ukraine." Statistics of Ukraine 84, no. 1 (March 23, 2019): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31767/su.1(84)2019.01.03.

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Анотація:

The importance of statistical assessment of foreign economic activities in Ukraine, considering the structure and geographical re-orientation of the Ukrainian foreign trade and new challenges of the globalized and highly competitive market of goods and services, gives rise to the modeling of patterns underlying future tendencies in the development of the Ukrainian foreign trade. The article contains a description of approaches to the analysis of foreign economic activities in Ukraine by use of index models. Several index models are constructed and used for assessing the debt burden of Ukraine, the impact of selected sub-factors on it are determined, and the dynamics of the export quota in 2016–2017 are highlighted By use of the chain substitutions method it is found that the debt burden of Ukraine decreased in 2017, compared to 2016, by 21.0% due to the reduced import dependence of Ukraine, by 12.0% due to the partial debt burden, but increased by 4.1% due to the export losses. The results show that the strongest impact on the dynamics of debt burden of Ukraine came from the import dependence (56.6%), which means that the strict import quota remains the main factor of the increasing foreign debt of Ukraine, which caused 5.9% loss of export earnings in 2016, and 2.3% in 2017. The analysis of the export quota dynamics based on the index model showed that the impact of the international intraspecific specialization of the country on it was 43.2%, and the impact of the exports’ share in the foreign trade balance made 44.7%. That is, the main factors of change are the commodity and geographical specialization of Ukraine, as well as the imbalance in the foreign trade. Results of the analysis of the indices of averages show that due to the growth in export quotas of products of vegetable origin, fats and oils by 12.7%, and under the influence of the commodity structure of exports (–8.4%), the export quota increased by 3.2% in 2017 compared to 2012. The import quota of goods decreased by 17%, including by 7.6% due to the reduced import dependence of the country, and by 10.1% due to the changed structure of imports. Results of the analysis indicate significant change in the trend of export and import quotas of Ukraine on account of geographical reorientation: due to changes in the geographical structure of exports and imports of Ukraine, the export and import quotas decreased by 41.5%, and 32.2%, respectively. The analysis of the commodity structure of the Ukrainian foreign trade in 2012–2017 shows that the largest export positions were non-precious metals (ferrous metals and products made thereof), grain crops, fats and oils, electric machinery; in the exports of services, the largest share was accounted for by transport services, telecommunication services, computer and information services, processing of material resources, and business services. In the commodity structure of imports, mineral products had the largest share, which, however, decreased by 7.36 percentage points in 2017 compared to 2012. Imports of services are dominated by transport services and government services. The Russian Federation remains to be main partner in export-import operations of Ukraine: 9.1% of the Ukraine’s exports of goods in 2017, which is 16.53 percentage points less than in 2012; and 14.5% of the imports of goods in 2017, which is 17.86 percentage points less than in 2012. The main partner of Ukraine in the imports of services is the U.S., with 11.78% of the total imports of services in 2017, which is 6.7 percentage points more than in 2012.

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Gorin, Evgeniy A., and Aleksandr A. Zolotarev. "Export Potential of the National Economy: Opportunities and Limitations." Economics of Contemporary Russia, no. 3 (October 12, 2020): 103–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.33293/1609-1442-2020-3(90)-103-116.

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Authors consider export opportunities and the structure and dynamics of industrial export and import in the Russian Federation, Northwest Russia and St. Petersburg. The article studies structural changes in sectors of St. Petersburg economy resulting from ongoing innovation processes and their impact on export potential. It provides the results of assessing the impact of organizational, economic and production factors on export opportunities of various economic entities. Export opportunities, structure and dynamics of export and import of industrial products in the Russian Federation, the North-West region and St. Petersburg are considered. Volume of exports, imports and trade turnover in Russia in 2019, as well as the dynamics of changes in recent years are discussed. In the structure of Russia's exports in recent years, the bulk of supplies (60%) were mineral products, imports the main share of exports (over 40%) occurred in the machinery, equipment and vehicles. The high needs of the national market and the significant export potential of Russian enterprises engaged in the production of medicines and modern medical equipment are noted, which makes it possible to make a real contribution to solving important social problems and developing the national economy. The structure of exports and imports of North-West Federal district and St. Petersburg by major commodity groups, there is a saving in purchases of imported equipment combined with constant growth of exports of fuel and energy products are discussed. Structural changes in the economic sectors of St. Petersburg as a result of ongoing innovation processes and their impact on export potential are studied. The results of the assessment of the impact of organizational, economic and production factors on the export opportunities of various economic entities are presented. It is revealed that for industrial enterprises, the quality and cost of components becomes a problematic factor that hinders their development both in improving the product range and in their own technological modernization. For small and medium-sized businesses in industrial production, problems related to timely receipt of high-quality materials and products of the element base from suppliers and related companies, in most cases located abroad, are added. The role of the “Russian export center” as a state institute for supporting non-commodity exports and facilitating export operations was noted.

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Plaskon, Svitlana, Halina Seniv, Ivan Novosad, and Vadym Masliy. "APPLICATION OF ECONOMETRIC MODELING IN THE EVALUATION OF FOREIGN ECONOMIC ACTIVITY OF UKRAINE." Economic Analysis, no. 30(3) (2020): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/econa2020.03.025.

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Анотація:

Introduction. Foreign trade operations significantly affect the development of each country's economy, in particular the value of gross domestic product, which is one of the main indicators of economic development and welfare of population. Therefore, it is necessary to study and model the impact of exports, imports and net exports on macroeconomic indicators of Ukraine. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to analyze publications that consider export-import operations of Ukraine, study of statistical information in this area, construction and analysis of econometric models of the dynamics of foreign trade operations of Ukraine and their impact on gross domestic product. Method. The article uses regression-correlation analysis as one of the main research methods; time series theory; methods of mathematical modeling. Results. The dynamics of foreign economic operations and gross domestic product of Ukraine are researched and analyzed. It is revealed that the balance of export-import operations has a significant impact on the gross domestic product of Ukraine. An econometric model of the dependence of the nominal gross domestic product on the value of exports of goods and services (coefficient of determination 0.9795) is calculated, using statistical information for 2005-2019 years. It is substantiated that with the increase in exports of goods and services by UAH 1 billion Ukraine's nominal GDP grows by an average of UAH 2.2642 billion. The value of coefficients of import dependence and coverage of import by export in foreign economic operations of Ukraine are analyzed. It is noted that the coefficient of import dependence significantly exceeds the allowable level in the study period, due to certain imbalances in foreign trade relations. The coefficient of coverage of imports by exports only in 2005 was greater than one, and during 2006-2019 it became less than one. In this regard, it is necessary to increase export operations, obtain a positive balance of payments, make effective economic and political decisions to increase exports of Ukrainian goods and services, reduce import dependence, using and implementing innovative methods of production and management.

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Zhou, Jiehong, Yu Wang, and Rui Mao. "Dynamic and spillover effects of USA import refusals on China’s agricultural trade: Evidence from monthly data." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 65, No. 9 (September 25, 2019): 425–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/15/2019-agricecon.

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Анотація:

Border inspections by developed nations are an essential export barrier to developing countries. Import refusals, in particular, not only exhibit dynamic impacts on exporters’ performance in the refused destination but may also spill over into exports toward third markets. Using a panel structural vector autoregression model, the complete dynamics of China’s agricultural export in response to United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) import refusals is estimated at the monthly level. Despite notable heterogeneities across sectors, negative and positive reactions that last mostly less than a year are revealed respectively for the quantity and price of China’s exports to USA on average. The impact of idiosyncratic component dominates that of common component in the refusal shock, highlighting the sensitivity of exports to sector-specific border inspections. Relative to other refusal charges, larger export contractions tend to follow adulteration charges. The trade effect of FDA refusals spills over into other main export destinations of China. While non-adulteration charges result in trade deflections on average, a contagious export reduction is observed in most non-US markets. These results provide insights for exporters to make strategies with a focus on specific sectors, charges, third markets and especially on the short run to cope with import refusals.

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Lyzhnyk, Yu B., T. G. Nikulnikova, and I. O. Kovalets. "ANALYSIS OF THE DYNAMICS OF EXPORT-IMPORT OPERATIONS BETWEEN UKRAINE AND POLAND DURING THE FULL-SCALE INVASION." TRADE AND MARKET OF UKRAINE, no. 1(53) (2023) (2023): 31–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.33274/2079-4762-2023-53-1-31-43.

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Objective. The purpose of the study is to analyze the current trends of export-import operations between Ukraine and Poland and their specific changes during the full-scale invasion of Russia and in the conditions of military operations, to forecast the volume of export-import operations between the countries.. Methods. During the research, the following was applied: the dialectical method of learning processes and phenomena (to study the essence of export-import operations between Ukraine and Poland); graphic method (to display the dynamics and structure of export-import operations between Ukraine and Poland); index (to assess the rates of growth of the investigated indicators); the method of correlation analysis (to study the relationships between export and import operations between Ukraine and Poland), the method of one-factor and two-factor autoregression forecasting (to forecast sales volumes of manufactured products in general and depending on the size of production). Results. As a result of the conducted research, it was found that with the beginning of the full-scale war with Russia, the volume of trade relations with Poland increased significantly. In 2022, Poland took the first place among the exporting countries from Ukraine and the second - in terms of the volume of imports to Ukraine, second only to China - despite the fact that, as a whole, imports to Ukraine (from all countries in general) almost halved. That is, the increase in trade between Ukraine and Poland during the full-scale invasion took place against the background of a very significant reduction in Ukraine's international trade as a whole. In 2022 for the first time in the last 20 years, the volume of exports to Poland exceeded the volume of imports from Poland. This is due to the fact that during a full-scale war, the destruction of most airports and the blocking of sea trade routes, Poland turned into the main international hub for foreign trade with Ukraine. One- and multi-factor autoregressive forecasting of export and import volumes between Ukraine and Poland was performed and the expected growth of exports from Ukraine to Poland in 2025 was calculated. up to 7-10 million dollars, and imports in the amount of 4.5-5 million dollars. The accuracy of the obtained autoregressive forecasts is 81.3%-83.5%.

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Chen, Chau-nan, and Ching-chong Lai. "Import-export elasticities and exchange rate dynamics." Economics Letters 19, no. 4 (January 1985): 359–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1765(85)90236-8.

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MYLASHKO, Olha. "STATISTICAL STUDY OF THE STATE AND DEVELOPMENT OF FOREIGN TRADE OF UKRAINE." Socio-Economic Research Bulletin, no. 1(76) (February 16, 2021): 191–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.33987/vsed.1(76).2021.191-202.

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Анотація:

The directions of statistical analysis of the country’s foreign trade processes are considered in the article. Possibilities of statistical methods for studying the state and the main trends that have developed in this area are highlighted. The conclusions about the intensity of the dynamics of the trade balance indicators are generalized. The processes of the outstripping development of imports over exports are highlighted. The dynamics of the balance of export-import operations is analyzed and trends of its deterioration are demonstrated. The degree of coverage of imports by exports and the processes of formation of the trade balance deficit are investigated in time. The directions of development of characteristics of the balance of foreign trade operations are studied. High levels of export and import dependence of the country have been demonstrated, which leads to vulnerability to external shocks and instability in the world. The results of the analysis of the structure and structural shifts in the trade of Ukraine with the countries of the Visegrad Four are presented. The emphasis is made on the prospects of interrelations with this group of countries from the point of view of using their experience in preparing for accession to the EU. The article demonstrates more intensive changes in the geographical structure of exports than imports and highlights the tendencies towards an increase in the role of Poland and a decrease in Hungary in the export-import operations of the Visegrad Four with Ukraine. The processes of changing the terms of trade have been investigated in terms of changes in export and import prices and in terms of changes in the physical volume of exports and imports on the example of a group of dairy products, which are widely represented among both export and import goods of Ukraine. The index method was used to analyze the absolute and relative impact of changes in prices and the physical volume of exports and imports of a number of dairy products on the value of exports and imports. Changes in the terms of trade are highlighted by constructing quantitative and price indices of the terms of trade. It was clarified that it was the sharp reduction in the physical volume of exports that contributed to the decrease in foreign exchange earnings from the export of dairy products. The necessity of measures to promote domestic goods abroad, primarily to European countries, has been substantiated. The research results can be used in foreign trade policy at the macro level.

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Katlishin, Oleg Ilyasovich, and Alexander Sergeevich Baleevskikh. "Analysis of the dynamics of gross domestic product and external economic activity of the Russian Federation for 2013−2018." Revista Amazonia Investiga 9, no. 26 (February 21, 2020): 146–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.34069/ai/2020.26.02.16.

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Currently, the Russian Federation is a significant geopolitical and economic player in the modern global world, it has its own interests and traditional partnerships with most states, including business representatives of those countries that are trying to restrain its development through restrictions and partial isolation from global development opportunities . Despite the sanctions and the unfavorable world market conditions, the Russian economy showed high plasticity, stability and adaptability to external changes, which was reflected in the positive dynamics of foreign trade growth in the existing conditions. Therefore, the purpose of this article was to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the dynamics of official statistics on economic growth and foreign trade in the Russian Federation for the period 2013-2018. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were solved: 1) an analysis of the dynamics of the gross domestic product of the Russian Federation for the period 2013-2018; 2) the role of foreign trade in the gross domestic product of the country is estimated through the calculation of foreign economic quotas; 3) analyzed the dynamics of foreign trade, imports and exports of the Russian Federation; 4) revealed the shares of product groups in the structure of exports and imports, as well as the most significant counterparties of the Russian Federation. The hypothesis of the study was the thesis of the interdependence of the volume of economic growth and foreign economic activity, including taking into account changes in foreign economic conditions. The article provides a retrospective analysis of the dynamics of economic growth in terms of nominal value and purchasing power parity, as well as the dynamics of foreign trade of the Russian Federation for the period 2013-2018. A preliminary forecast of foreign trade volumes for 2019 is given. The calculation of foreign economic, export and import quotas for the same period. The Russian specifics of the dynamics and structure of export supplies and import flows, as well as the structure of both imports and exports by counteragent countries and enlarged groups of the commodity nomenclature of foreign economic activity, are examined. For the period under review, the nominal GDP fell by 28.8%, while in terms of purchasing power parity, the Russian economy grew by 5.7% over the same period. At the same time, the largest drawdown in the economy occurred in the middle of the period; in recent years, the situation in the economy has improved. The role of foreign trade in the formation of GDP during the period was relatively stable, with the exception of 2018, when the foreign trade quota sharply increased (as well as export and import). The dynamics of foreign trade and export quotas in the Russian Federation are almost identical, while imports depend on export earnings. For the study period, foreign trade turnover of the Russian Federation decreased by 18.4%, export volumes decreased by 14.8%, import purchases decreased by 24.5%. The main problem of the economy and foreign economic activity remains its dependence on the export of mineral products.

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Export and Import Dynamics"

Tang, Yuanzhe. "Three essays on trade dynamics, trade policy uncertainty and business cycle." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023IPPAX046.

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Cette thèse vise à comprendre les effets de l'incertitude de la politique commerciale, du cycle économique et des chocs idiosyncratiques des entreprises sur les décisions commerciales des entreprises et à examiner comment concevoir un accord commercial plus efficace. La thèse est motivée par l'augmentation récente de l'incertitude de la politique commerciale, telle que la guerre commerciale entre les États-Unis et la Chine; les fluctuations du cycle économique, comme la Grande Récession de 2008-2009; et la signature de l'accord de Phase Un, qui inclut un accord basé sur les résultats, à savoir le chapitre sur l'Expansion du Commerce. Le chapitre 1 étudie comment l'incertitude de la politique commerciale et l'apprentissage de la demande affectent conjointement les décisions d'exportation en construisant un modèle qui intègre les deux facteurs. Le modèle fournit plusieurs nouvelles perspectives sur les décisions d'exportation et est presque toujours traçables. En outre, en se concentrant sur un ensemble spécifique de produits parmi les pays membres de l'OMC, le chapitre teste empiriquement les prédictions du modèle et trouve des preuves suggestifs. Le chapitre 2 examine la survie des entreprises françaises sur le marché de l'exportation/importation au cours du cycle économique, un sujet qui n'a pas été étudié dans la littérature. Après avoir contrôlé les caractéristiques initiales des périodes d'exportation/importation, le chapitre étudie l'effet des conditions du cycle économique à la naissance et au cours de l'année en cours sur la survie des entreprises. Le chapitre 3 compare les accords basés sur les résultats, tels que le chapitre sur l'Expansion du Commerce, avec les accords commerciaux basés sur des instruments, tels que l'OMC, dans un cadre de contrat incomplet où la contractualisation est coûteuse et l'état est incertain. Le chapitre se concentre sur le compromis entre la résolution de la manipulation des termes de l'échange et une meilleure réaction à l'incertitude de l'état et donne des comparaisons claires par paires et par triplets entre l'accord basé sur les résultats non contingent à l'état et les autres accords basés sur des instruments
This thesis aims to understand the effects of trade policy uncertainty, the business cycle, and firms' idiosyncratic shocks on firms’ trade decisions and to examine how to design a more efficient trade agreement. The thesis is motivated by the recent increase in trade policy uncertainty, such as the US-China trade war; business cycle fluctuations, such as the 2008-2009 Great Recession; and the signature of the Phase One deal, which includes an outcome-based agreement, namely the Expanding Trade chapter. Chapter 1 investigates how trade policy uncertainty and demand learning jointly affect exporting decisions by constructing a model that incorporates both factors. The model provides several novel insights into export decisions and is almost always tractable. Additionally, by focusing on a specific set of products among WTO countries, the chapter empirically tests the model's predictions and finds suggestive evidence. Chapter 2 examines the survival of French firms in the exporting/importing market over the business cycle, a topic that has not been studied in the literature. After controlling for the initial characteristics of export/import spells, the chapter studies the effect of business cycle conditions at birth and in the current year on firms' survival. Chapter 3 compares outcome-based agreements, such as the Expanding Trade chapter, with instrument-based trade agreements, such as the WTO, in an incomplete contract framework where contracting is costly and state is uncertain. The chapter focuses on the trade-off between solving terms-of-trade manipulation and better reacting to state uncertainty and gives clear pairwise and triple-wise comparisons between the non-state-contingent outcome-based agreement and other instrument-based agreements

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Phung, Quang. "Nuclear dynamics from importin beta regulation of nuclear pore assembly to identification of novel vertebrate proteins involved in mRNA export /." Diss., [La Jolla] : University of California, San Diego, 2009. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p1465687.

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Анотація:

Thesis (M.S.)--University of California, San Diego, 2009.
Title from first page of PDF file (viewed July 28, 2009). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Includes bibliographical references.

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Lawrence, Denis Anthony. "Export supply and import demand elasticities." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27368.

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Анотація:

The aim of this thesis is to extend the empirical research which has been undertaken using the GNP function approach to measuring export supply and import demand responsiveness. Exports and imports are divided into several components and detailed sets of elasticities produced. In the second part o£ the thesis imperfect adjustment is allowed for in the GNP function model. The GNP function framework treats imports as an input to the domestic technology while exports are an output. The aggregate technology can then be represented by a restricted profit function facilitating the derivation of net output supply elasticities. In this study the aggregate net outputs are exports, imports, labour and domestic sales supply. Capital is treated as a fixed input. Time-series of input-output data for Canada are used covering the period 1961 to 1980. In the first model estimated, four export and four import components are included by the use of aggregator functions and a two-stage estimation process. The recently developed Symmetric Generalised McFadden functional form which permits imposition of the correct curvature conditions while retaining flexibility is used at both the aggregator and GNP function levels. The aggregate export own-price supply elasticity was found to be 1.67 in 1970 while the aggregate import own-price demand elasticity was -1.62. Increases in the prices of both imports and labour were found to decrease the supply of exports while exports were found to be complementary to the output of domestic sales supply. The demand for labour was found to be more elastic than in earlier studies and a general trend towards increasing price responsiveness in the Canadian economy was observed. The own-price elasticities for the four export and four import components were stable and of reasonable magnitude. All the export and import components were found to be complementary. To remove the assumption of separability, modelling was extended to two larger disaggregated Generalised McFadden GNP function models containing four export (import) components, aggregate imports (exports), labour and domestic sales as net outputs. Using this procedure more substitution between the export and import components was found. A planning price model whereby the producers' notional price adjusts gradually to actual price changes indicated that imperfect adjustment is particularly important in the traded goods sector. Exports fully adjusted to price changes only over an extended period. Finally, an adjustment costs model was estimated which indicated that the main effect of allowing for imperfect adjustment was on input use. Differences between long-run and short-run export supply and import demand responsiveness were relatively small. Considerable substitutability between labour and capital in the long-run was observed and since labour was also variable in the short-run this produced overshooting of labour demand. An increase in export prices thus caused a large short-run increase in labour demand but in the long-run the capital stock was increased and substituted for much of the short-run labour increase.
Arts, Faculty of
Vancouver School of Economics
Graduate

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Karlsson, Stefan. "Experimental Database Export/Import for InPUT." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för informations- och kommunikationssystem, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-21089.

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The Intelligent Parameter Utilization Tool (InPUT) is a format and API for thecross-language description of experiments, which makes it possible to defineexperiments and their contexts at an abstract level in the form of XML- andarchive-based descriptors. By using experimental descriptors, programs can bereconfigured without having to be recoded and recompiled and the experimentalresults of third-parties can be reproduced independently of the programminglanguage and algorithm implementation. Previously, InPUT has supported theexport and import of experimental descriptors to/from XML documents, archivefiles and LaTex tables. The overall aim of this project was to develop an SQLdatabase design that allows for the export, import, querying, updating anddeletion of experimental descriptors, implementing the design as an extensionof the Java implementation of InPUT (InPUTj) and to verify the generalapplicability of the created implementation by modeling real-world use cases.The use cases covered everything from simple database transactions involvingsimple descriptors to complex database transactions involving complexdescriptors. In addition, it was investigated whether queries and updates ofdescriptors are executed more rapidly if the descriptors are stored in databasesin accordance with the created SQL schema and the queries and updates arehandled by the DBMS PostgreSQL or, if the descriptors are stored directly infiles and the queries and updates are handled by the default XML-processingengine of InPUTj (JDOM). The results of the test case indicate that the formerusually allows for a faster execution of queries while the latter usually allowsfor a faster execution of updates. Using database-stored descriptors instead offile-based descriptors offers many advantages, such as making it significantlyeasier and less costly to manage, analyze and exchange large amounts of experi-mental data. However, database-stored descriptors complement file-baseddescriptors rather than replace them. The goals of the project were achieved,and the different types of database transactions involving descriptors can nowbe handled via a simple API provided by a Java facade class.

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de, Stefanis Erik, and Juta Lander. "Brexit: stor politisk osäkerhet : En studie om hur svenska SME-företag hanterar osäkerhet." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-380291.

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Brexit utgör en stor politisk osäkerhet eftersom det är första gången som ett land lämnar EUsfrihandelsavtal. Osäkerheten kring detta gör att det är mycket svårt att förutse hur Sverigeshandelsmöjligheter med Storbritannien kommer att påverkas. Brexit bidrar till att affärsmiljönför företag blir ännu mer oförutsägbar och dynamisk än tidigare. Detta ökar behovet hos företagatt hålla sig uppdaterade kring utvecklingar i affärsmiljön samt anpassa sina verksamheter efternya regler och handelsprocedurer. Denna studie undersöker hur små och medelstora företagförhåller sig till Brexit för att hantera den ökade osäkerheten. Studien undersöker i vilkenutsträckning företagen tillämpar strukturerade strategier i jämförelse med inkrementella ochdynamiska strategier. Strukturerade strategier betonar bland annat framtidsprognoser medaninkrementella och dynamiska strategier kännetecknas av flexibilitet och gradvis anpassning.Datainsamlingen har skett med hjälp av undersökningen och sekundärkällor. Analys avresultatet visar att majoriteten av företagen i denna undersökning anser att affärsmiljön är förosäker och oförutsägbar för att utveckla strukturerade strategier utifrån framtidsprognoser.Istället tenderar företagen att komplettera inkrementella strategier med aspekter avstrukturerade strategier för att förbättra sina förutsättningar att anpassa sig gradvist utifrånhändelser i affärsmiljön.

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Besong, Fred Tanyi. "BUSINESS PLAN : Import, Export and Car Trading Company." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, EMM (Entrepreneurship, Marketing, Management), 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-896.

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Being entrepreneurial is pathly being creative. This Master thesis presents a business plan of BEFCO Trading Ltd geared towards solving a problem in the Cameroonian Economy. The English speaking Cameroonians of South West and North West provinces of Cameroon are presently underserved with car sales offerings as there is presently no registered Company in this section of the Country.

An attempt is presently being made through this business plan thanks to the peaceful and favourable circumstances sorrounding the entrepreneurs and the opportunity gap of a niche market. The business plan shows a win to win situation in which the founding entrepreneurs become self employed by solving a problem in the market through novel business combinations.

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Малярець, Л., Віталія Василівна Койбічук, Виталия Васильевна Койбичук, and Vitaliia Vasylivna Koibichuk. "Evaluating the effectiveness of an enterprise’ export-import activity." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2021. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/86975.

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Койбічук, Віталія Василівна, Виталия Васильевна Койбичук, Vitaliia Vasylivna Koibichuk та Л. М. Малярець. "Еvaluating the effectiveness of an enterprise’ export-import activity". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2021. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/84679.

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Провідними показниками економічного розвитку країни є перевага експорту товарів над імпортом, і інтенсивність цього розвитку залежить від співвідношення експорту та імпорту протягом певного часу. Робота присвячена розробці моделей, що дозволяють прогнозувати критерії ефективності експортно-імпортної діяльності
Важными показателями экономического развития страны являются преимущество экспорта товаров над импортом, а интенсивность этого развития зависит от соотношения экспорта и импорта в течение некоторого времени. Работа посвящена разработке моделей, позволяющих прогнозировать критерии эффективности экспортно-импортной деятельности.
The leading indicators of the country's economic development are the advantage of exports of goods over imports, and the intensity of this development depends on the ratio of exports and imports for some time. The work is devoted to the development of models which allow forecasting of criteria of export-import activity efficiency

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Lanz, Jose I. "Import and export requirements and procedures Venezuela-United States." Online version, 2002. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2002/2002lanzj.pdf.

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Singleton, David Rivers. "A yeast gene that affects both nuclear import and export." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1061561214.

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Книги з теми "Export and Import Dynamics"

Zodl, Joseph A. Export import. 2nd ed. Cincinnati, Ohio: Betterway Books, 1995.

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Camera di commercio, industria, agricoltura, e artigianato di Venezia. Export import. Venezia]: Camera di commercio, industria, artigianato e agricoltura di Venezia, 1987.

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Zodl, Joseph A. Export import. 3rd ed. Cincinnati, Ohio: Betterway Books, 2002.

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Lesley, Jackson, Habitat Centre (Delhi), Victoria and Albert Museum, and British Council, eds. Import export. London: British Council, 2004.

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Kamphausen, Rudolf E. Export, Import, Spedition. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-82854-5.

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Import/export documentation. London: Chapman and Hall, 1990.

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Gerald, Warfield, and Schneider Gerhard W, eds. Export-import financing. 2nd ed. New York: Wiley, 1986.

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Condie, Corrine. Export/import guide. Seattle, WA: Washington State Dept. of Trade and Economic Development, 1993.

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Venedikian, Harry M. Export-import financing. 4th ed. New York: Wiley, 1996.

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Egypt. Import & export regulation. Agouza, Cairo: Middle East Library for Economic Services, 1991.

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Частини книг з теми "Export and Import Dynamics"

Weik, Martin H. "export-import." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 553. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_6594.

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Weik, Martin H. "export/import." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 553. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_6595.

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Weik, Martin H. "import-export." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 756. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_8706.

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Weik, Martin H. "import/export." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 756. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_8707.

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Wainwright, Lauren A. "Import, Export." In Global Byzantium, 354–71. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429291012-19.

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Morse, Leon Wm. "Import-Export Traffic." In Practical Handbook of Industrial Traffic Management, 437–513. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1977-1_16.

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Brooke, Michael Z., and Peter J. Buckley. "Export and Import." In Handbook of International Trade, 55–126. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-09874-3_2.

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Gischel, Bernd. "Export, import, print." In EPLAN Electric P8 Reference Handbook, 339–72. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9783446428119.008.

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Upadhyay, Arvind Kumar. "Import and Export." In Textile Management, 337–53. London: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781032630007-13.

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Gischel, Bernd. "Export, import, print." In EPLAN Electric P8 Reference Handbook, 357–89. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9781569904770.008.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Export and Import Dynamics"

Chernaya, А. Е. "DEVELOPMENT OF THE RELATIONSHIP OF EXPORT AND IMPORT OPERATIONS IN THE AREA OF THE AGRICULTURAL COMPLEX." In STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF AGRIBUSINESS. DSTU-PRINT, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/interagro.2020.1.297-300.

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The article discusses the impact of the new economic reality and state policy on the import and export of various types of agricultural products, shows the trend and dynamics of these indicators over the years for the main types of agricultural products, changes in the ratio of export and import operations of agricultural products with far-abroad countries and countries of the East and achieving their optimal volumes.

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Andersson, Joel. "Import and Export of Functional Mockup Units in CasADi." In 15th International Modelica Conference 2023, Aachen, October 9-11. Linköping University Electronic Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/ecp204321.

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This paper presents the recently added support for import and export of functional mockup units (FMUs) in CasADi, an open-source software framework for numerical optimization. Of particular interest is the efficient calculation of derivatives, especially in the context of sensitivity analysis and dynamic optimization. We show how the import interface allows for both first and second derivatives can be efficiently and accurately calculated and - importantly - validated for correctness. We also outline the FMU export interface, which leverages CasADi mature and efficient support for forward and adjoint derivative calculation and C code generation. Finally, potential future developments of the support are discussed.

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Dzhailov, Dzhumabek, and Mardalieva Leila. "Strategy to Increase Competitiveness and Agro-Export Potential of Kyrgyzstan in the Conditions of Eurasian Integration." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c10.02060.

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The analysis of the development of the agrarian sector, dynamics and structure of exports and imports of food and the state of the food market in Kyrgyzstan is carried out. The assessment of the level of competitiveness of the industry and food security is presented. Factors and risks of increasing the competitiveness of the agricultural sector under conditions of integration are revealed. The factors of unjustified growth of import-privatizability of the domestic food market and a reduction in the volume of exports of agri-food products were revealed. It is determined that the primary development of small-peasant forms of entrepreneurial activity negatively affects the effective use of the economic potential, the dynamics and growth rates of production and, in general, the competitiveness of the industry. The directions of development of import substitution of food have been developed. Prospects and economic mechanisms for supporting and stimulating the development of the production of competitive products of the industry and developing the country's agro-export potential under conditions of integration are grounded. Measures are proposed for the development of agricultural cooperation and the formation of competitive forms of management that will facilitate the effective transformation of the country's agricultural sector within the framework of the Unified Energy System.

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Adgizalov, Sergeyi Vyacheslavovich, and Anna Kirillovna Frolova. "CURRENT STATE AND DYNAMICS OF THE FOOD SALT MARKET IN RUSSIA." In Russian science: actual researches and developments. Samara State University of Economics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46554/russian.science-2020.03-1-634/638.

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The article considers the state of the Russian food salt market. Indicators of the dynamics of production and sales of food salt, as well as the export and import of food salt are analyzed. The data on the consumption of food salt in Russia and the analysis of food salt for quality and safety in accordance with Roskachestvo standards are presented. The results of the analysis revealed the best and worst brands of food salt

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Tsvil, Mariya, and Daniil Krasyukov. "CUSTOMS PAYMENTS IN THE STRUCTURE OF THE ECONOMIC INDICATORS OF THE CUSTOMS BODIES ACTIVITY AND THEIR CURRENT DYNAMICS." In Economy of Russia: problems, trends, forecasts. au: AUS PUBLISHERS, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26526/conferencearticle_61cc296bdce218.75443788.

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The given article presents an econometric analysis of the volume of enumerations of customs payments into the federal budget of the Russian Federation during export and import. On the basis of the given data for 2012-2020, econometric models have been constructed and the volumes of the customs payments in both directions of movement for 2021 have been predicted

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Aşık, Sühan Alp, and Duygu Yolcu Karadam. "Determinants of Trade Flows in Eurasian Countries: Evidence from Panel Gravity Models." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c15.02758.

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Foreign trade structure of Eurasian countries has been significantly affected from the increased globalization and changes in world politics. This paper analyzes bilateral trade of the selected Eurasian countries using gravity models for 1995-2020 period. For this purpose, we estimate augmented panel gravity model for a dataset of Eurasian countries. We examine the effects of a number of factors including countries’ GDP, population, distance and real exchange rate on the region’s export and import dynamics. Along with these variables, various explanatory variables such as GDP per capita, Linder effect, dummy variables that indicate common language, sharing of borders and free trade agreements are included in the models. To this end, we also analyze the impact of Eurasian Economic Union (EUEA) membership on the magnitude of bilateral trade flows. Gravity equations for export and import are estimated by fixed effects methodology. Our results suggest that income levels, factor endowments and real exchange rates are among the important determinants of trade performance of Eurasian economies.

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Selminskaya, O. N., and N. A. Babkina. "FOREIGN ECONOMIC SECURITY OF RUSSIA: CONTENT AND ASSESSMENT." In CONTEMPORARY ECONOMIC PROBLEMS OF RUSSIA AND CHINA. Amur State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22250/medprh.63.

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The article defines the essence of economic security in the context of the global crisis during the pandemic, analyzes the state of foreign economic security of the Russian Federation using the coefficient of import coverage by export, its dynamics, and compliance of indicators of foreign economic relations with the limit value.

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HORSKA, Elena, Alim PULATOV, and Khabibullo PIRMATOV. "ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF VALUE ADDED AGRICULTURE IN UZBEKISTAN." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.213.

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The goal of this paper is to analyse socio-economic role of value added agriculture in Uzbekistan. The main agricultural exports are cotton (raw and yarn), fruits, vegetables, leather, wool and fur. There is an opportunity to acquire more social and economic advantages by exporting finished goods, which are made out of primary agricultural commodities. Adding value to agricultural products lead to increasing the share of finished goods in export, supplying import-substituting products, improving infrastructure in rural areas, providing new jobs and growing people’s income. The paper presents the analyse of the agriculture sector in GDP and the production dynamics of the primary agricultural commodities during 2005-2014, as well as comparison the share of cotton, fruits, vegetables and leather in export in 2005 and 2014. Based on the analyses it is recommended to widely use value added agriculture in order to support people, who are living in rural areas in Uzbekistan.

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Esaa, Ayat Abdelrahim Suliman, Harun Bal, and Erhan İşcan. "The Export-Led Growth Hypothesis: A Panel Cointegration Approach in the Middle East and North Africa Countries (1980-2017)." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c11.02296.

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This study examines the hypothesis of the Export-Led Growth in the seven selected Middle East and North Africa countries, the hypothesis state that export growth driven by export promotion policies enhances overall economic growth. Empirical investigations have tended to focus attention on the direction of causality between exports and economic growth using Granger causality tests. However, the empirical results based on these tests are, at best, mixed and often contradictory. The paper employs panel data analysis by utilizing the Pedroni panel cointegration, Pedroni Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares and Fully Modify Ordinary Least Squares, and Canning-Pedroni causality methods, a recent development in panel data econometrics, properties of integration and cointegration and consistency of parameters. The study considers the following three variables; Real Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Real exports (EXP) and Real import (IMP). Annual secondary data are obtained from the World Bank Development Indicator for seven MENA countries, Namely, Algeria, Egypt, Sudan, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, UAE, and Qatar. The empirical results emphasize the existence of a positive relationship between Export and GDP. Results of waled and Z-bar Group statistics indicate the long-run unidirectional causality between Export and GDP, operates from Export to the GDP. It confirms the validity of Export-led growth hypothesis of the seven selected MENA countries. Empirical evidence suggests significant policy prescriptions; these countries should focus more on supporting export orientated industries through aid-for-trade, trade-capacity building schemes and other types of policies in order to promote economic growth.

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Vladimirova, A. "Exploring Evolution of International Trade Networks: Overview of Data Preprocessing Issues." In Historical research in the context of data science: Information resources, analytical methods and digital technologies. LLC MAKS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1812.978-5-317-06529-4/209-217.

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For decades network analysis methods have been successfully used by scholars to investigate international trade evolution and to substantially enrich existing body of knowledge on dynamics of export and import flows. However, there is a range of problems with international trade data too often not mentioned even in scientific publications. Thus, this paper aims to address a discussion among historians on the pitfalls of data preprocessing and its quality assessment before building network models.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Export and Import Dynamics"

Delgado, Martha Elena, Juan Herreño, Marc Hofstetter, and Mathieu O. Pedemonte. The Causal Effects of Expected Depreciations. Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, March 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.26509/frbc-wp-202407.

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We estimate the causal effects of a shift in the expected future exchange rate of a local currency against the US dollar on a representative sample of firms in an open economy. We survey a nationally representative sample of firms and provide the one-year-ahead nominal exchange rate forecast published by the local central bank to a random sub-sample of firm managers. The treatment is effective in shifting exchange rate and inflation expectations and perceptions. These effects are persistent and larger for non-exporting firms. Linking survey responses with administrative census data, we find that the treatment affects the dynamics of export and import quantities and prices at the firm level, with differential effects for exports to destination countries that use the US dollar as their currency. We instrument exchange rate expectations with the variation induced by the treatment and estimate a positive elasticity of a future expected depreciation in import expenditures.

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Goreczky, Péter. Dynamics of the ASEAN-China Economic Relations in the COVID Era. Külügyi és Külgazdasági Intézet, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47683/kkielemzesek.ke-2021.44.

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ASEAN’s economic ties with China have proven to be more crisisproof than merchandise trade and direct investment flows with the rest of the world. Before the pandemic, China had continuously increased its share in the economic relations of Southeast Asia, and this trend seems to have continued in the COVID era as well. In 2020 the region’s trade deficit with China decreased, while China’s share in both ASEAN export and import climbed. The COVID crisis further strengthened the importance of the technology sector and the need for a digital infrastructure; as a consequence, the expansion of Chinese tech giants in the region continued. Southeast Asian countries explicitly count on China in returning to pre-crisis economic growth levels. Most ASEAN states consider infrastructure development one of the catalysers of economic recovery, creating the opportunity for China to proceed with the Belt and Road Initiative.

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Benmelech, Efraim, and Joao Monteiro. Who Benefits From The Export-Import Bank Aid? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w31562.

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Diewert, W. Erwin. Export Supply and Import Demand Functions: A Production Theory Approach. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w2011.

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Ferraiolo, Hildegard, Ramaswamy Chandramouli, Ketan Mehta, Jason Mohler, Stephen Skordinski, and Steven Brady. Representation of PIV Chain-of-Trust for Import and Export. National Institute of Standards and Technology, May 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.sp.800-156.

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Nittrouer, Charles A. Documenting Fine-Sediment Import and Export for Two Contrasting Mesotidal Flats. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada557210.

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Alfaro-Urena, Alonso, Juanma Castro-Vincenzi, Sebastian Fanelli, and Eduardo Morales. Firm Export Dynamics in Interdependent Markets. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w31610.

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Longley, Susan W., John Russell Cochran, Laura L. Price, and Kendra J. Lipinski. The adequacy of current import and export controls on sealed radioactive sources. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/918343.

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Fast, Don, and Susan Fleck. Unit Values for Import and Export Price Indexes – A Proof of Concept. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w26373.

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Lawrence, Robert, and David Weinstein. Trade and Growth: Import-Led or Export-Led? Evidence From Japan and Korea. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w7264.

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