Готові списки джерел за темами / Experience of EU member states

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Experience of EU member states"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022
Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Experience of EU member states"

1

Rudik, Oleksandr. "Better regulation in the EU and its member states: experience for Ukraine." Public administration and local government, no. 4(43) (December 25, 2019): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.33287/101903.

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Анотація:
The article examines the experience of better regulation in the EU and its member states. The European Union and the 28 EU member states show a strong political commitment towards regulatory reform. In the European Union, regulatory policy has progressed under the better regulation agenda and played a crucial role in shaping the current regulatory processes. At the same time, all EU member states have adopted an explicit policy to promote the quality of regulations. To this end, the author analyses the key findings of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) 2019 report «Better Regulation Practices across the European Union». In the report the OECD has analysed the application of all 28 EU member states’ regulatory management tools to EU-made laws and regulations. The article also gives examples of the best regulatory practices of the EU member states such as Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Malta, the Netherlands, Slovakia, Sweden, the United Kingdom. The article concludes that the experience of the EU and its member states in developing and implementing a better regulation policy, in particular the better regulation agenda, is beneficial for Ukraine. In this regard, the article highlights the following legislative and institutional components of this experience: stakeholder engagement in the process of policymaking and regulatory policy implementation by automatically publishing of draft regulatory acts and accompanying impact assessments on the specially designed interactive government portal; highlighting the preliminary and final stages of regulatory impact assessment of all regulations, except for deregulatory and low-cost measures, thereby taking into account stakeholder comments; regular and systematic conduct of ex ante and ex-post evaluation of laws and regulations on the basis of a specially developed sound evidence-based methodology; conducting of regulatory impact assessment and stakeholder engagement during the process of EU directives transposition into member states’ national legislation; introduction of systematic regulatory oversight and quality control of regulatory management tools, which should cover not only regulatory impact assessment practice but also stakeholder engagement.
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2

Bossuyt, Fabienne, and Dmytro Panchuk. "The Participation of CEECs in EU Twinning Projects: Offering Specific Added Value for EU Transgovernmental Cooperation in the Eastern Neighbourhood?" East European Politics and Societies: and Cultures 31, no. 2 (February 2, 2017): 334–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0888325416687638.

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Анотація:
Focusing on European Union (EU) Twinning projects in Azerbaijan and Ukraine, this article explores whether EU member states from Central and Eastern Europe (CEECs) offer specific added value for the implementation of EU Twinning projects in the Eastern neighbourhood compared to the older member states. An added value refers to the combined comparative advantages of a group of member states for the implementation of a Twinning project, as perceived by project stakeholders. The findings largely confirm our hypothesis that CEECs mostly offer country-specific comparative advantages, rooted in their recent transition and accession experience, socio-linguistic proximity, and shared historical legacies with the Eastern neighbourhood. In turn, the older member states are perceived to offer mainly sector-specific comparative advantages owing to their institutional experience, sectoral fit, existing sectoral networks in the Eastern neighbourhood, and prior Twinning experience in other countries.
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3

Bratsuk, Ivan, and Svyatoslav Kavin. "Legislative principles of information security provision in the European Union member states." Vilnius University Open Series, no. 6 (December 28, 2020): 18–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/os.law.2020.2.

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Анотація:
The article is dedicated to the study of the information security provision in the EU Member States in the context of analyzing their state programs, national programs as well as regulatory legal acts. This study identifies priorities and gaps in the information security provision in the EU Member States, analyzes special features of the institutional and legal mechanism of information security in the EU Member States in the context of the multi-vector international security system. The expediency of developing an integral coordinated information policy of the EU Member States, aimed at unification of the approaches to information security, is substantiated, as well as the experience of the EU Member States in this field aimed at improving the domestic regulatory framework of information security provision is studied.
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4

Petrylaité, Daiva. "The Right to Strike in EU Member States: A Comparative Overview with Particular Reference to Lithuania." International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations 26, Issue 4 (December 1, 2010): 421–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/ijcl2010026.

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Анотація:
In all European Union (EU) Member States, the right to strike is an important part of collective action in labour disputes for employees to protect their lawful interests. In a comparative perspective, this article analyses the theoretical and practical aspects of the right to strike in individual Member States, legal regulations specifically dealing with this right, implementation provisions, and procedures for calling strikes. This article provides a comparison between a number of EU Member States and examines the experience of old and new EU Member States, with particular reference to recent developments in Lithuania.
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5

Demedyuk, Olha, and Khrystyna Prytula. "Cross-border approach to regions’ smart specialization: experience of the EU member states." Journal of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University 7, no. 3 (November 30, 2020): 36–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/jpnu.7.3.36-48.

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Анотація:
In the recent decade, the EU Member States have been actively implementing the regional development policy based on innovative strategies of smart specialization. However, lately, European researchers have been paying increasing attention to the issues of regions’ capacity to overcome the boundaries of administrative units inside the country and abroad and to the need to consider regions in the context of their functioning among others, especially from the viewpoint of the growing role of their innovative networks in global value chains. That is why currently the EU is addressing the development of cross-border smart specialization strategies. The paper aims to study the European experience on the functioning of cross-border innovation systems and joint strategic planning of cross-border regions’ development based on smart specialization and to outline the opportunities to implement the EU experience of cross-border approach to smart specialization in cross-border regions of Ukraine with EU Member States. The paper analyzes the views of foreign researchers on the links between innovation systems in cross-border space that constitute the theoretical basis of the study of cross-border smart specialization strategies, namely regarding the dimensions and level of their development. The research of European scientists on cross-border innovation systems in specific cross-border regions is examined, in particular on Spanish-French and German-French borders. Directions of implementation of smart specialization projects in cross-border context under the EU programs and other EU instruments that support regions in cooperation for the elaboration of joint view of development with neighbouring economically, socially, culturally, and historically close regions are outlined. The experience and methodology of the first cross-border smart specialization strategy for Spanish and Portuguese regions are studied in detail. The opportunities to use the EU experience by several Western Ukrainian regions based on the joint smart specialization priorities with the neighboring EU states are outlined. For this purpose, 1) the RIS3 strategies of the regions of Poland and Romania adjoining Ukraine and Regional Development Strategies of respective Ukrainian regions were analyzed to detect similar smart specialization priorities; 2) the clusters in the mentioned regions were analyzed as main drivers of achievement of smart specialization goals to detect similar or complementary functioning areas.
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6

Ladychenko, Viktor, Olha Melnychuk, Liudmyla Golovko, and Oksana Burmak. "Waste Management at the Local Level in the EU and Ukraine." European Journal of Sustainable Development 9, no. 1 (February 1, 2020): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2020.v9n1p329.

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Анотація:
The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of theoretical and practical issues related to the implementation of the responsibilities of bodies of local self-government for the management of solid municipal waste according to the Waste Framework Directive. Experience of EU Member States in this sphere was studied. The state of adaptation of Ukrainian legislation to the requirements of the European Union in the field of waste management has been investigated and proposals for implementation of experience of EU member states were made. Keywords: EU waste policy, EU law, waste management, municipal waste, adaptation of Ukrainian legislation to EU law
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7

Kużelewska, Elżbieta, and Agnieszka Piekutowska. "The EU Member States’ Diverging Experiences and Policies on Refugees and the New Pact on Migration and Asylum." Białostockie Studia Prawnicze 26, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 23–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/bsp.2021.26.01.02.

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Abstract The refugee crisis in 2015 revealed the lack of solidarity and the divergent migration policies of the EU Member States. It showed clearly that when faced with the problem of migration, the EU countries fail to cooperate and support one another. The EU Member States with more experience with migration coped better and were more open to migrants. The South European countries took in a huge inflow of migrants and expected (in vain) support from other EU members. The countries of Central and Eastern Europe were unwilling to receive refugees. These diverging approaches to refugees presented by particular Member States resulted in the New Pact on Migration and Asylum, which was adopted by the European Commission in September 2020.The purpose of the pact was to provide humanitarian aid to migrants, since one of the human rights is the right to migrate, but it was not its only objective. The New Pact on Migration and Asylum was supposed to be a guarantee of solidarity and efficient management of the migration process.
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Valantiejus, Gediminas. "Legal Aspects of the Implementation of European Union’s Common Commercial Policy: Lithuanian Experience and Practice." Economics and Culture 13, no. 2 (December 1, 2016): 61–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jec-2016-0008.

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Анотація:
Abstract The Common Commercial Policy is the essential basis of the European Union (hereinafter - the EU), which, in particular, is a free trade area between the 28 Member States with a common external customs tariff and a common foreign trade policy as well as common trade rules with the third countries. Implementation of this policy is characterized by the fact that it is based on an exclusive competence of the EU, which after the Treaty of Lisbon (2009) became even more apparent. Therefore the countries of the EU should follow the same legal principles and rules in the regulation of their foreign trade, that is to apply the uniform EU rules on the calculation of customs duties and determination of the customs origin of goods, customs valuation and tariff classification of goods (Common Customs Tariff). However, implementation of these provisions is always experiencing stress due to the different interests of the EU Member States and the different national practices, especially when the administration of customs duties is actually implemented only at the level of individual EU Member States. Therefore the aim of the article is to assess the implementation of the EU’s CCP from the perspective of the EU Member State (Lithuania) and to describe existing discrepancies which may serve as an obstacle for the development of common regulatory regime for import customs duties in the EU or hinder its main economic goals in international trade. Analysis of relevant scientific problems is mainly based on the comparative method (comparison of the practice of the national courts in the Republic of Lithuania and the Court of Justice of the European Union in disputes related to the functioning of the EU's customs union) and generalization of professional experience (national and EU judicial practice). The research leads to the conclusion that a uniform implementation of Common Commercial Policy and the Common Customs Tariff, as its main element, is not fully ensured on the practical level from the perspective of certain Member States (i.e. Lithuania).
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Lightfoot, Simon, Balázs Szent-Iványi, and Kataryna Wolczuk. "Mesmerized by Enlargement." East European Politics and Societies: and Cultures 30, no. 3 (February 19, 2016): 664–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0888325416632041.

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Анотація:
The accession of the East-Central European (ECE) countries carried a promise of enhancing and enriching the EU’s Eastern policy. The new member states had the strongest interests among EU member states to ensure that countries in the East are prosperous, stable, and democratic. Yet, the EU’s Eastern policy has been largely criticised for its ineffectiveness. So why have they not been able to address the shortcomings in the EU’s Eastern policies? The article argues that the ECE countries supported the way the EU’s Eastern policies were conceived and implemented because they saw it as a potent vehicle to promote their own transition experience not only in the region but also within the EU. We argue that the ECE states have experienced three types of challenges when promoting their transition experience. First, uploading to the EU level remained largely at a rhetorical level. Second, there are conceptual and practical difficulties in defining what constitutes transition experience and harnessing it, as well as coordinating its transfer between the ECE states. Finally, while using transition experience as the basis for their development assistance strategies, the ECE countries actually insufficiently conceptualised the “development” aspect in these policies. Being so driven by their own experience, they have not drawn the lessons from enlargement to use in a non-accession context, especially by incorporating the broader lessons with regard to development.
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Hojnik, Janja. "Slovenian Ten-Year Experience with the EU Internal Market." European Business Law Review 26, Issue 4 (August 1, 2015): 613–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eulr2015029.

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Анотація:
On May 1st, 2014 Slovenia, together with nine other Member States, completed their first decade in the EU – which also entails a decade of adjustments to the principles of the internal market. Based on EU Court of Justice case law, Slovenia is not among the most serious of offenders of internal market rules for it was found to be in breach of these on a single occasion. Even so, practice shows that companies as well as state authorities are often poorly informed about EU internal market rules, which creates barriers nobody is acting against. Examples are numerous in various fields of the internal market and prove that Slovenian businesses as well as authorities are often not truly aware of the internal market yet, but also authorities of other Member States frequently do not regard Slovenia as a participant of the internal market, thereby creating barriers that are not compatible with the internal market.
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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Experience of EU member states"

1

Pitoňáková, Lívia. "Think-tanks and Their Role in the New EU Member States: Czech and Slovak Experience." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-1094.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
V práci jsou analyzovány kořeny, vývoj, současné postavení, hrozby a výzvy think-tanků v České a Slovenské republice. Srovnání s jejich tradicí ve Spojených státech zkoumá přenositelnost amerického "modelu" think-tanků do střední a východní Evropy. Tento přenos je značně omezený a krátkodobě nerealizovatelný vzhledem k rozdílným legislativním podmínkám a nerozvinuté filantropii. Zvláštní pozornost je věnována motivům k vytváření regionálních i mezinárodních sítí think-tanků. Práce vychází jednak z dosavadní literatury na toto téma, jednak z dotazníkového šetření.
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2

Pitoňáková, Lívia. "Think-tanks-and Their Role in the New EU Member States:Czech and Slovak Experience." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-14353.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
V práci jsou analyzovány kořeny, vývoj, současné postavení, hrozby a výzvy think-tanků v České a Slovenské republice. Srovnání s jejich tradicí ve Spojených státech zkoumá přenositelnost amerického "modelu" think-tanků do střední a východní Evropy. Tento přenos je značně omezený a krátkodobě nerealizovatelný vzhledem k rozdílným legislativním podmínkám a nerozvinuté filantropii. Zvláštní pozornost je věnována motivům k vytváření regionálních i mezinárodních sítí think-tanků. Práce vychází jednak z dosavadní literatury na toto téma, jednak z dotazníkového šetření.
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3

Сливка, В. В. "Примирення сторін в адміністративному судочинстві в умовах євроінтеграції України". Thesis, ДВНЗ "Ужгородський національний університет", 2021. https://openarchive.nure.ua/handle/document/18627.

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Анотація:
Дисертація присвячена формулюванню теоретико-методологічних засад примирення сторін в адміністративному судочинстві та наданню пропозицій щодо вдосконалення адміністративного законодавства України в цій сфері в умовах євроінтеграції. В роботі визначено поняття та особливі ознаки примирення сторін в адміністративному судочинстві. Встановлено мету, завдання, функції, принципи досліджуваного примирення. Визначено суб’єктний склад процедури примирення, встановлено умови та підстави, порядок примирення сторін в адміністративному судочинстві. Враховано досвід окремих держав-членів ЄС (Іспанія, Нідерланди, Німеччина, Франція), а також положення ряду актів ЄС. Узагальнено основні актуальні проблеми в досліджуваній сферіта сформульовано комплекс конкретних пропозицій щодо вдосконалення адміністративно-правового регулювання примирення сторін в адміністративному судочинстві в умовах євроінтеграції України, враховуючи відсутність в ЄС універсальної моделі примирення сторін публічно-правового спору та фрагментарність регулювання примирення сторін в державах-членах ЄС. The dissertation is devoted to the formulation of theoretical and methodological principles of reconciliation of the parties in administrative proceedings and to provide proposals for improving the administrative legislation of Ukraine in this area in the context of European integration. The paper defines the concept and special features of conciliation of the parties in administrative proceedings. It is established that the purpose of conciliation of the parties, as a process, is manifested in the gradual achievement by the parties of a public law dispute of a real consensus on dispute resolution, and, as a result, in the effective resolution of substantive dispute by conciliation. In this sense, conciliation of the parties performs a set of tasks (creating conditions for dialogue between the parties to the dispute; formation in the negotiations of the parties a specific model of mutual concessions that they realize, want to perform such , stimulating, analytical, information and communication, control and supervision, educational and preventive). The system of principles of conciliation of the parties in administrative proceedings are: 1) common law principles; 2) special principles of resolving the case by conciliation (for example, transparency and informativeness of resolving the case by conciliation; dispositiveness, constructive adversarial nature of the parties to the dispute; mandatory entry into force of conciliation conditions after their approval by the court; reasonable terms of resolving the case, etc.); 3) special principles concerning: a) quality, features of dispute resolution through conciliation; principles of accessibility and efficiency; b) voluntary participation in dispute resolution; good faith of all participants in the dispute resolution procedure); characteristics of the qualities of the conciliator (in particular, the principles of competence; independence, impartiality of the conciliator; compliance with the requirements of confidentiality). It is established that the subjective composition of conciliation of the parties is manifested in three models: "simple" (parties to the dispute; the judge who supervises the conciliation, approves the terms of conciliation); "Relatively complicated" (parties to the dispute; a judge who persuades the parties to conciliation and / or fully performs the role of conciliator); 3) "complicated" (parties to the dispute; judge; conciliator). In modern Ukraine there is a "simple" model of the subjective composition of the reconciliation of the parties, which: is characterized by certain features of the "relatively complicated" model; but at the same time it has the potential to transform into a "complicated" model of the subjective composition of the parties. A set of grounds and conditions for resolving a dispute by conciliation in administrative proceedings has been determined. The system of such conditions consists of: 1) positive conditions (the existence of a public law dispute and filing a lawsuit to resolve it; the integrity of the voluntary intentions of the parties to the attempt to reconcile, the implementation of a specific model of conciliation during negotiations and at the time of conciliation; ; reality and rationality of the agreed conditions of conciliation; the presence of the subjects who apply for reconciliation, the appropriate degree of legal personality); 2) negative conditions (inconsistency with the tasks of administrative proceedings in the form of violation of the interests of third parties; the law). The system of grounds covers: normative (norms of the legislation on conciliation of the parties and on the status of the subjects who are parties to the dispute), factual (implementation by the parties of the public-legal dispute of actions on acquisition and realization of the right to conciliation) and procedural-procedural conciliation, court rulings that determine the emergence and exercise of the right to reconciliation). The stages of implementation of the conciliation procedure of the parties in administrative proceedings are: 1) informal and formal initiation and commencement of the conciliation procedure; 2) negotiations in which the parties make a joint statement of conciliation of the parties; 3) submission for approval and approval of the application for conciliation of the parties, in which the court: explains to the parties the consequences of the court decision in connection with the conciliation of the parties; checks the existence of all conditions and grounds for resolving the dispute by, approves the terms of conciliation closes the proceedings or refuses to approve the terms of conciliation and continues the trial. The main current problems in the research area are summarized and a set of specific proposals for improving the administrative and legal regulation of conciliation of the parties in administrative proceeding.
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4

Brazzini, Giovanna. "Compliance with EU Law: Why Do Some Member States Infringe EU Law More Than Others?" ScholarWorks@UNO, 2005. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/216.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
Why do some member states infringe EU law more than others? Based on the quantitative and qualitative analysis reported here, is not because of administrative capacity limitations, but because of political context, policy changes and deliberate opposition by member governments in order to maintain their independence. States in turn, are motivated by domestic politics to seek to avoid implementing EU law. Additionally, I find that richer countries violate the law more often than poorer countries. Further, member states infringe more than others because of a high number of institutional and coalitional veto players. These results suggest that member states are in the EU because the EU serves their national interest over collective ones. Finally, these results suggest new hypothesis. Member states that have a high level of public discontent with the EU are unlikely to tolerate the political costs of implementing EU legislation.
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5

Elsuwege, Peter van. "From Soviet republics to EU member states : a legal and political assessment of the Baltic states' accession to the EU /." Leiden : M. Nijhoff, 2008. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?u20=9789004169456.

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6

Pedersen, Karin Hilmer, and Lars Johannsen. "The real challenge for change : public administration in new EU member states." Universität Potsdam, 2004. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/texte_eingeschraenkt_welttrends/2010/4671/.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
Executive responsibility for EU policies is by tradition delegated to the member states and their internal administrative bodies. It is therefore of outmost importance that the new Central and East European members have the capacity to administer the acquis communitaire once they are full members of the EU. Based on a survey among current and former top-level decision-makers (ministers), this article argues that although there are significant implementation problems, efficiency gains can be made through administrative reform and not the least education aimed at changing the worldview and knowledge of the individual civil servant. However, there seem to be significant differences in how these countries tackle implementation problems and administrative reform.
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7

CALDERONI, FRANCESCO. "ASSESSING HARMONIZATION AND APPROXIMATION OF ORGANIZED CRIME LEGISLATION AMONG EU MEMBER STATES." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/487.

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Анотація:
La ricerca fornisce una valutazione del livello di armonizzazione e di ravvicinamento della legislazione in materia di criminalità organizzata tra gli stati membri dell'Unione Europea. La valutazione è realizzata mediante due set di indicatori e si basa su diverse fonti di dati. La valutazione dell'armonizzazione individua somiglianze e differenze tra la norme nazionali degli stati membri su specifici aspetti della legislazione penale in materia di criminalità organizzata. La valutazione del ravvicinamento individua il livello di conformità con i requisiti prescritti dalla Decisione quadro 2008/841/GAI relativa alla lotta alla criminalità organizzata
The research provides an assessment of the level of harmonization and approximation of organized crime legislation among EU MS.The assessment is made through two sets of indicators and is based on multiple sources of data. The assessment of harmonization identifies similarities and differences among Member States national norms on specific issues of criminal legislation in the sector of organized crime. The assesssment of approximation identifies the level of compliance with the requirements set by the Framework Decision 2008/841/GAI on the Fight against Organized Crime
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8

Tocco, Barbara. "Agricultural employment and inter-sectoral labour mobility in selected EU Member States." Thesis, University of Kent, 2016. https://kar.kent.ac.uk/56649/.

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Анотація:
In the last century, and especially with the development of European market integration, economies in Europe experienced a deep restructuring of their agricultural sector. The structural shift away from the primary sector activities, with the reallocation of labour across sectors, is an important engine of economic development. Nonetheless, the patterns and drivers of structural change in the New Member States (NMS) have differed in nature, speed and intensity from those of the EU-15. More importantly, the high incidence of farm employment and family workers in some of the NMS, despite low levels of agricultural training and labour productivity, suggests that farming, particularly in the least developed regions, might be the only viable solution for obtaining a minimum standard of living, especially for those who lack the human capital for 'better' employment opportunities. Against this background, the aim of this research is to investigate the driving forces behind agricultural labour adjustments and, thus, shed light on the facilitators of, and barriers to, labour mobility. The analysis focuses on the linkages between farm and non-farm sectors and explores the determinants of agricultural employment and inter-sectoral labour mobility in six selected Member States (MS): France, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Romania and Slovakia. Using national and European micro-level data from labour force and agricultural business surveys, the econometric analysis employs various discrete choice modelling techniques on cross-section and panel data. The key message from this research is that skills mismatch, due to inadequate levels of education and vocational training, and labour market characteristics appear to be the most important impediments to the inter-sectoral and spatial mobility of labour. The mixed evidence in the results across MS reflects the heterogeneous organisational and production structures, implying different constraints or prospects for farm survival and hence different capacities to release and absorb labour. Hence, in order to ensure an efficient allocation of labour and a smooth transition across sectors, investments in human capital and the diversification of rural areas constitute crucial rural development policies. Nonetheless, a one-size-fits-all policy is not appropriate for the wide diversity of rural areas and labour markets across MS. Instead, more targeted and diverse measures should be implemented in order to meet particular needs.
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Mittermayer, Leona. "The Organization of the Judiciary in EU Member States – an Internal Affair?" Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-418808.

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Recent events in the Member States of the EU have shown that the common values of the Union, inter alia the rule of law, might not be guaranteed across the Union as once hoped for. Scholars speak of a “rule of law crisis” while the Parliament and the Commission have activated Article 7 TEU, the so called “nuclear option”, regarding the situation in two of the Union’s 27 Member States, namely Poland and Hungary. When defending the recent reforms of its judiciary, in which the primary target has been the judicial independence of the national courts, Poland uses the Member States’ procedural autonomy as an argument regarding the CJEU’s, alleged, lack of jurisdiction. However, the CJEU does not agree, and recent case law shows how it has established jurisdiction over the Member States’ organization of the judiciary. This thesis examines the content of the principle of procedural autonomy as well as its limitations. It finds that the principle of the procedural autonomy entails that the Member States have the power to organise their judiciary as they wish, but only in the absence of EU rules, which have increased in numbers in recent years. It also finds that the principle is limited by several EU regulations and principles. With these findings as a base, recent case law of the CJEU, regarding judicial independence, is presented and analysed in order to examine what it can tell about the CJEU’s view on the Member States procedural autonomy, especially regarding judicial independence. This thesis finds the CJEU’s view to be that the procedural autonomy of the Member States is limited regarding the organization of the national judiciary since Member States have to ensure that judicial independence is guaranteed regarding courts that reside “within the fields covered by EU law”. The CJEU limits the procedural autonomy further by requiring that Member States have sufficient rules to guarantee this independence. Since the CJEU argues that a national court resides “within in the fields covered by EU law” as soon as the national court might have to judge in a case regarding the application or interpretation of EU law and since the national law of the Member States nowadays consist to a vast amount of EU law this thesis argues that the obligation for Member States to ensure judicial independence, practically, covers all its national courts.
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Novotný, Martin. "Behavior of certain EU member states in debt crisis (application of game theory)." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-142251.

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Thesis uses game theory to explain behavior of certain states in the European sovereign-debt crisis. The goal is to find out, if those states use strategies leading to equilibrium i.e. if they maximize their expected utility. Theoretical part is based mainly on repeated games and Bayesian game. Thesis summarizes development of European sovereign-debt crisis and key economic indicators. It constructs a game model of the crisis and further analyses situation of Germany, France, Italy, Spain and Greece as players in the game. The game model is then tested on key conflict situations such as relations of France and Germany, first Greek bailout negotiations or Spanish bank bailout negotiations. The results show that chosen states do maximize their expected utility in one election period. However maximization of utility in two or more election periods is limited by the parameters of democratic election system - length of election periods and information asymmetry between voters and politicians. The costs of elimination of information asymmetry would be higher than the costs of debt crisis. So even considering the costs of debt crisis the states are in long term equilibrium.
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Книги з теми "Experience of EU member states"

1

Hadfield, Amelia, Ian Manners, and Richard G. Whitman, eds. Foreign Policies of EU Member States. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY: Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315276724.

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Maclennan, Duncan. Housing policy in the EU member states. Luxembourg: European Parliament, Directorate General for Research, Division for Social Affairs and Employment, Public Health and Consumer Protection, Women's Rights, Culture, Youth, Education and the Media, 1997.

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Hagemann, Christian. EU Funds in the New Member States. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02092-7.

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Guidi, Mattia. Competition Policy Enforcement in EU Member States. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-58814-2.

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Hagen, Jürgen von. Macroeconomic adjustment in the new EU member states. Vienna: SUERF, 2006.

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von Bogdandy, Armin, Piotr Bogdanowicz, Iris Canor, Christoph Grabenwarter, Maciej Taborowski, and Matthias Schmidt, eds. Defending Checks and Balances in EU Member States. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62317-6.

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Galetta, Diana-Urania. Procedural Autonomy of EU Member States: Paradise Lost? Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12547-8.

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Klein, Dietmar K. R. The banking systems of the EU member states. Abington: Gresham, 1995.

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de Souza, Lúcio Vinhas, and Bas van Aarle, eds. The Euroarea and the New EU Member States. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403938688.

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Cheallaigh, Martina Ní. Apprenticeship in the EU member states: A comparison. Berlin: CEDEFOP--European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training, 1995.

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Частини книг з теми "Experience of EU member states"

1

Dumciuviene, Daiva, and Aiste Paleviciene. "Finding the Determinants of FDI Inflows to EU Member States." In Country Experiences in Economic Development, Management and Entrepreneurship, 139–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46319-3_8.

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2

Jacobs, Francis G. "The Constitutional Impact of the Forthcoming Enlargement of the EU: What can be Learnt from the Experience of the Existing Member States?" In EU Enlargement, 183–91. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-449-3_16.

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Bakó, Beáta. "Hungary’s Latest Experiences with Article 2 TEU: The Need for ‘Informed’ EU Sanctions." In Defending Checks and Balances in EU Member States, 35–69. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62317-6_3.

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AbstractThis contribution will concentrate on the Hungarian situation by analysing the generalised practice of targeted legislation and the different causes for legal uncertainty on the constitutional level. The European Parliament initiated an Article 7 TEU sanctioning procedure against Hungary in September 2018 and several infringement proceedings have been launched by the Commission. Unfortunately, these EU responses were not able to grasp the gist of the Hungarian developments. Even the so called Sargentini report of the European Parliament—intended to be a comprehensive analysis of the rule of law deficiencies in Hungary—could not identify the most significant patterns of the Hungarian rule of law decline. This reveals a central shortcoming of EU sanctioning mechanisms employed against ‘backsliding’ Member States: the need for ‘informed’ sanctions. Some recent legislative proposals for measuring the rule of law illustrate, that the need for such informed sanctions has been realised by EU institutions. However, the question of ‘how’ is still unanswered. Taking the case of Hungary as an example, I will finally recommend some aspects to be considered in order to grasp the patterns of ‘systemic’ rule of law decline.
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Portaluri, Pier Luigi. "Cohesion, Subsidiarity and Organization: The Experience in EU and Italy." In The Changing Administrative Law of an EU Member State, 243–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50780-0_13.

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Landesmann, Michael, and István P. Székely. "Introduction: The Working of the Channels of Interaction Between the EU and the EU11 Member States." In Does EU Membership Facilitate Convergence? The Experience of the EU's Eastern Enlargement - Volume II, 1–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57702-5_1.

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Furmankiewicz, Marek, Wojciech Knieć, and Jane Atterton. "Rural Governance in the New EU Member States: The Experience of the Polish LEADER+ Pilot Programme (2004–2008)." In Governance in Transition, 133–53. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5503-1_7.

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Székely, István P., and Robert Kuenzel. "Convergence of the EU Member States in Central-Eastern and South Eastern Europe (EU11): A Framework for Convergence Inside a Close Regional Cooperation." In Does EU Membership Facilitate Convergence? The Experience of the EU's Eastern Enlargement - Volume I, 27–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57686-8_2.

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Sprenger, Wim. "Innovation, Trade Unions and Works Councils in a European Perspective: Experiences from Selected EU Member States." In Innovation und Beteiligung in der betrieblichen Praxis, 207–26. Wiesbaden: Gabler, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-8910-9_13.

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Slokenberga, Santa, Olga Tzortzatou, and Jane Reichel. "Introduction." In GDPR and Biobanking, 1–7. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49388-2_1.

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AbstractThe General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is already four years old legal instrument, with over two years of practical experience, yet, several central questions on its application, its importance in scientific research, rights of the data subjects, and obligations on the controllers and processors remain uncharted. In this edited volume, questions ranging from the meaning of the GDPR provisions for a particular research project to impact of the GDPR on long term collaborations, when the UK is leaving the EU are is discussed. This chapter sets out the aim of this book and provides an overview of how various contributions interplay to shed light on how the GDPR shapes the research regimes on the use of personal data in biobanking by EU Member States.
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Prentza, Andriana, David Mitzman, Madis Ehastu, and Lefteris Leontaridis. "TOOP Pilot Experiences: Challenges and Achievements in Implementing Once-Only in Different Domains and Member States." In The Once-Only Principle, 191–207. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79851-2_10.

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AbstractThe Once-Only Principle (OOP) enables public administrations to support citizen and business life-cycle oriented issues as opposed to mere integration of administrative systems designed to serve bureaucratic ends. The Once-Only Principle project (TOOP) was funded by the EU Program Horizon 2020, with the aim to explore and demonstrate the OOP through multiple sustainable pilots in different domains, using a federated architecture on a cross-border collaborative pan-European scale, enabling the connection of different registries and architectures in different countries for better exchange of information across public administrations. The different pilot domains (eProcurement, Maritime and General Business Mobility) identified potential use cases suitable to show the OOP, defined the goals and expected benefits of TOOP based on motivational scenarios and process analyses and provided requirements to the TOOP Reference and Solution Architectures. Especially for the General Business Mobility domain requirements were provided also from the Single Digital Gateway Regulation. These requirements guided the development of the TOOP specifications and the TOOP components, the Member States deployed the TOOP specifications and components and participated in different connectathons demonstrating the OOP.
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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Experience of EU member states"

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Petrishchev, Vyacheslav. "ETHNO-CULTURAL ASPECTS OF GLOBALIZATION: EXPERIENCE OF EUROPEAN COUNTRIES." In Globalistics-2020: Global issues and the future of humankind. Interregional Social Organization for Assistance of Studying and Promotion the Scientific Heritage of N.D. Kondratieff / ISOASPSH of N.D. Kondratieff, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46865/978-5-901640-33-3-2020-340-349.

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The article deals with the ethno-cultural aspects of globalization on the example of European countries, members of the European Union. The influence of the ethno-cultural factor on political, economic and cultural relations within the EU member-states, between the EU member-states and relations with immigrants from Africa, Asia and the Middle East is shown. The forecast for the further development of the European Union as a major factor of globalization is given.
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Sart, Gamze, Yilmaz Bayar, and Funda Hatice Sezgin. "EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN EVIDENCE FROM NEW EU MEMBER STATES." In 12th International Scientific Conference „Business and Management 2022“. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bm.2022.816.

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Educational attainment is a crucial factor underlying economic growth and development. In this study, the mutual interaction between educational attainment and economic growth is investigated in sample of the new Europe-an Union member states, which experienced a structural transformation in institutional, economic, and political fields, over the 1996–2019 term by means of causality test. The consequences of causality analysis revealed a bidirectional causal interaction between educational attainment and economic growth. In other words, on the one hand educational attainment has a significant influence on economic growth, on the other hand economic growth has a significant influ-ence on educational attainment.
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Pejović, Aleksandar-Andrija. "“WOULD MONEY MAKE A DIFFERENCE?”: HOW EFFECTIVE CAN THE RULE-OF-LAW-BASED PROTECTION OF FINANCIAL INTERESTS IN THE EU STRUCTURAL AND ENLARGEMENT POLICY BE?" In EU 2021 – The future of the EU in and after the pandemic. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/18362.

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In recent years, the rule of law and, especially, its “proper” implementation has become one of the most debated topics in Europe in recent years. The “Big Bang Enlargement” marked the beginning of dilemmas whether the new EU Member States fulfil the necessary rule of law criteria and opened the way for divergent views on how to implement TEU Article 2 values in practice. Furthermore, constant problems and difficulty of the candidate countries to fulfil the necessary rule of law criteria added to the complexity of the problem. In turn, the European institutions have tried to introduce a series of mechanisms and procedures to improve the oversight and make the states follow the rules - starting from the famous Treaty on the European Union (TEU) Article 7, the Rule of Law Mechanism, annual reports on the rule of law and the most recent Conditionality Regulation. The Conditionality Regulation was finally adopted in December 2020 after much discussion and opposition from certain EU Member States. It calls for the suspension of payments, commitments and disbursement of instalments, and a reduction of funding in the cases of general deficiencies with the rule of law. On the other hand, similar provisions were laid out in the February 2020 enlargement negotiation methodology specifying that in the cases of no progress, imbalance of the overall negotiations or regression, the scope and intensity of pre-accession assistance can be adjusted downward thus descaling financial assistance to candidate countries. The similarities between the two mechanisms, one for the Member States, the other for candidate countries shows an increased sharing of experiences and approaches to dealing with possible deficiencies or breaches of the rule of law through economic sanctioning, in order to resolve challenges to the unity of the European union. The Covid-19 pandemic and the crisis it has provoked on many fronts has turned the attention of the Member States (i.e. the Council) away from the long running problematic issues. Consequently, the procedures against Poland and Hungary based on the Rule of Law Mechanism have slowed down or become fully stalled, while certain measures taken up by some European states have created concerns about the limitations of human rights and liberties. This paper, therefore, analyses the efforts the EU is making in protecting the rule of law in its Member States and the candidate countries. It also analyses the new focus of the EU in the financial area where it has started to develop novel mechanisms that would affect one of the most influential EU tools – the funding of member and candidate countries through its structural and enlargement policy. Finally, it attempts to determine and provide conclusions on the efficiency of new instruments with better regulated criteria and timing of activities will be and how much they would affect the EU and its current and future member states.
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Banincova, Eva. "Implications of the Global Financial Crisis on the Banking Sector in Eastern Europe and Baltic States." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c02.00263.

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In 2008-09 the banking sectors of four Central and East European States and three Baltic States have experienced a large-scale financial crisis in the EU for the first time since becoming foreign-owned. Amongst the new EU member states Baltic States and Hungary were the worst affected economies. The paper first explores why the extent of crisis varied among these seven states by distinguishing major differences in the pre-crisis bank lending practices which reflect different macroeconomic developments and exchange rate policies in these states. Based on the analysis of bank performance indicators since 2008 and my interviews with representatives of major banks active in the region, the important role of foreign banks in mitigating the risks of financial contagion is outlined. The implication from the crisis is examined mainly from the perspective of the financial supervision and regulation in the enlarged EU. By inspecting the concrete experience of financial supervision authorities in the Baltic States the paper shows why the host country supervisors were not able to curb excessive lending and risk-taking by large Scandinavian banks. Since it is expected that the new EU regulatory and supervisory framework will reinforce the financial stability in the case of large cross-border banking groups, the paper addresses the issues in the financial crisis prevention, management are resolution in the new EU member states which will improve based on the new EU regulatory and supervisory framework for credit institutions.
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Čučković, Bojana. "EU ASYLUM SYSTEM IN AND AFTER THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: DISCLOSING THE WEAKNESSES OF THE CURRENT RULES AND ASSESSING THE PROSPECTS OF THE NEW PACT ON MIGRATION AND ASYLUM." In EU 2021 – The future of the EU in and after the pandemic. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/18297.

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The paper analyses the influence that the Covid-19 pandemic has had on the functioning of the European asylum system. The analysis is divided into three parts and addresses problematic issues associated with different stages of the pandemic. In the first part of the paper, the author outlines the asylum practices of EU Member States in the initial stage of the Covid-19 pandemic during which the pandemic was perceived as a state of emergency. By exploring the legal possibilities to derogate both from the EU asylum rules and international human rights standards, the author offers conclusions as regards limits of derogations and the legality of Member States’ practices, especially their failure to differentiate between rules that are susceptive of being derogated in emergency situations and those that are not. The second part of the paper analyses the current phase of the pandemic in which it is perceived as a 'new normal' and focuses on making the EU asylum system immune to Covid-19 influence to the greatest extent possible and in line with relevant EU and human rights rules. The author insists on the vulnerability as an inherent feature of persons in need of international protection and researches upon the relationship between the two competing interests involved – protection of asylum seekers and ensuring public health as a legitimate reason for restricting certain asylum seekers’ rights. The final part of the paper analyses the prospects of the future EU asylum system, as announced by the New Pact on Migration and Asylum in September 2020, to adapt to the exigencies of both the current Covid-19 crisis and pandemics that are yet to come. With an exclusive focus on referral to Covid-19 and provisions relevant for the current and future pandemics, the author criticizes several solutions included in the instruments that make up the Pact. It is concluded that the Pact failed to offer solutions for problems experienced during the Covid-19 pandemic and that, under the pretext of public health, it prioritizes the interests of Member States over the interests of applicants for international protection.
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Kasikova, Stanislava. "MEDIATION IN RESOLVING CONSUMER DISPUTES IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR - OVERVIEW OF FOREIGN EXPERIENCE AND OPPORTUNITIES BEFORE THE BULGARIAN MODEL." In THE MEDIATION IN THE DIFFERENT PUBLIC SPHERES 2021. University publishing house "Science and Economics", University of Economics - Varna, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36997/mdps2021.12.

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This article aims to present the legal framework governing the establishment of consumer dispute resolution bodies in Bulgaria and other EU member states, as well as to analyze what should be the place of mediation as a way of alternative dispute resolution. (ADR) in resolving conflicts between traders and consumers.
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Kasikova, Stanislava. "MEDIATION IN RESOLVING CONSUMER DISPUTES IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR - OVERVIEW OF FOREIGN EXPERIENCE AND OPPORTUNITIES BEFORE THE BULGARIAN MODEL." In THE MEDIATION IN THE DIFFERENT PUBLIC SPHERES 2021. University publishing house "Science and Economics", University of Economics - Varna, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36997/mdps2021.136.

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Анотація:
This article aims to present the legal framework governing the establishment of consumer dispute resolution bodies in Bulgaria and other EU member states, as well as to analyze what should be the place of mediation as a way of alternative dispute resolution. (ADR) in resolving conflicts between traders and consumers.
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Burinskienė, Marija, Kristina Gaučė, and Jonas Damidavičius. "Successful Sustainable Mobility Measures Selection." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.102.

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In recent years, on the EU transport initiatives, the EU member states have been creating sustainable urban mobility plans, which is new practice for the majority of the EU cities. Both municipal experts and plan developers suffer from lack of knowledge, experience and confidence in producing the above introduced documents. The article analyses possible solutions for sustainable urban mobility plans and presents the sets/scenarios of the proposed measures exactly corresponding the specificity of cities different in size and significance.
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Kampczyk, Arkadiusz, Katarzyna Dybel, Felix Henriquez, Dafni Mora, Jessica Guevara-Cedeño, Aris Castillo, and Aranzazu Berbey-Alvarez. "An experience of international cooperation between Poland (EU) and Panama: case study." In VI CONGRESO INVESTIGACIÓN, DESARROLLO E INNOVACIÓN DE LA UNIVERSIDAD INTERNACIONAL DE CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGÍA. Universidad Internacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47300/978-9962-738-04-6-54.

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This paper presents a case study about an experience of international cooperation between Poland (European Union, EU) and Panama. The results obtained of this international collaboration have been two elements. The first element corresponds to representation of the AGH University of Science and Technology (Poland) like an active member of the International Editorial Committee Team Magazine Prisma Tecnológico. The second element corresponds to scientific research work including: realization, collection, conceptualisation, resources, description, analysis and making available of materials covering the state of the rail transport infrastructure and suprastructure like support to the Panama railway engineering research group at the Universidad Tecnologica de Panama. The authors present the results and discussion about this synergy between both universities. Finally, the conclusion and future research are presented.
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Kovačić, Mirjana, Srđan Krčević, and Emil Burić. "Towards the Circular Economy in Croatia - the Perspective of EU Green Deal on Regional Level." In Values, Competencies and Changes in Organizations. University of Maribor Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-442-2.32.

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Since the European Commission launched the Circular Economy Package in December 2015 named “Closing the loop: EU Action Plan for the Circular Economy”, many changes are expected both in European Union economy as well as in the Member States’ national economies. Due to new Package, a transposition of legislation is required as well as adjusting the business climate and citizens’ habits in order to fully implement the Package and experience the benefits of Circular Economy in Europe. The transition to a new economy pattern Commission perceived as essential due to new economic, global and environmental challenges. Assessing the waste management, the data showed that some member states already recycle almost 80 % of waste, while others are far away from achieving the Europe 2020 Strategy goals, including Croatia. The Circular Economy Package is nowadays part of EU Green Deal, one of the highest ranked strategic documents, which emphasizes the need for efficient use of resources by transition to the clean circular economy approach as well as to renew the biodiversity and to decrease the pollution. The authors analyse legislative framework and trends in green economy, with special attention on Croatia, and Primorje-Gorski Kotar county. This paper emphasizes the significance of the Circular Economy and its benefits and present the policy implementation capacities on the national and regional level to implement the circular approach to economic process.
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Звіти організацій з теми "Experience of EU member states"

1

Hermann, Ludwig, Ralf Hermann, and Oscar F. Schoumans. Report on regulations governing anaerobic digesters and nutrient recovery and reuse in EU member states. Wageningen: Wageningen Environmental Research, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/476673.

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Janssens, S. R. M., R. A. Jongeneel, and A. B. Smit. The EU frozen potato product sector: a policy impact assessment for four key-producing Member States. The Hague: Wageningen Economic Research, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/553612.

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Simone, Piras, Laura García Herrero, Stephanie Burgos, Flavien Colin, Manuela Gheoldus, Charles Ledoux, Julian Parfitt, Dominika Jarosz, Matteo Vittuari, and H. E. J. Bos-Brouwers. Policy assessment methodology : D3.2 Unfair Trading Practice Regulation and Voluntary Agreements targeting food waste: a policy assessment in select EU Member States. Wageningen: REFRESH, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/448932.

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Rasmussen, Ashley. In or Out: Interpretation of European Union Membership Criteria and its Effect on the EU Accession Process for Candidate and Potential Member States of Southeastern Europe. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.127.

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Baudais, Virginie, Annelies Hickendorff, Jaïr van der Lijn, Igor Acko, Souleymane Maiga, and Hussein Yusuf Ali. EU Military Training Missions: A Synthesis Report. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/lfle9658.

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This paper draws overarching conclusions based on a synthesis of previously published case studies that examined the impact of EU military training missions (EUTMs) in Somalia (EUTM Somalia, 2010–), Mali (EUTM Mali, 2013–), the Central African Republic (CAR) (EUTM RCA, 2016–). It concludes that EUTMs are relevant niche operations. Despite difficult circumstances beyond the control of the missions, EUTM training and advisory efforts have increased the effectiveness of partner armed forces. While these gains have been marginal in CAR and Somalia, they have been a bit more pronounced in Mali. Yet, broader security sector reform and defence sector reform efforts to improve the accountability and governance of defence and security sectors have become bogged down. The main challenge is that EUTMs are generally mandated to implement largely technical and tactical agendas in contexts where the ongoing armed conflict and the politics of the security sector are not conducive to building professional national security forces. As a consequence EUTMs find themselves caught up in interlinked and partially overlapping dilemmas. This study concludes with seven partly overlapping recommendations to EU member states and to EUTMs to address the main limitations that are restricting the impact of the missions.
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Randall, Luke. - EU Harmonised Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) in E. coli from Retail Meats in UK (2020 - Year 6, chicken). Food Standards Agency, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.phi798.

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In accordance with European Directive 2003/99/EC on the monitoring of bacteria that can pass from animals to humans and cause disease, Member States are obliged to ensure that procedures are in place to monitor and report on the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in such bacteria. The UK continued to be subject to EU rules during the transition period up to the end of December 2020. The requirements state that 300 retail chicken meats should be tested by culture for the bacterium Escherichia coli. E. coli bacteria are a normal part of the gut flora of mammals and as such can be useful “indicators” of AMR in gut bacteria. Whilst some strains of E. coli can cause disease, most strains of E. coli do not cause observable disease in healthy animals and humans. Addressing the public health threat posed by AMR is a national strategic priority for the UK, which has led to both a 20-year vision of AMR (Opens in a new window)and a 5-year (2019 to 2024) AMR National Action Plan (NAP)
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Emilsson, Henrik, Maria Angeli, Anna Elia, Nasar Meer, and Timothy Peace. The impact of multilevel policy and governance : A comparative study of access to language training in Cosenza, Glasgow, Malmö, and Nicosia. Malmö University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24834/isbn.9789178772445.

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Access to language training is often a challenge for persons granted international protection in EU-countries. This article investigates language provision for refugees from a policy and governance perspective. The goal is to explain the local differences in language training provisions in EU countries. We use a most different cases approach including Cosenza in Italy, Glasgow in Scotland, Malmö in Sweden and Nicosia in Cyprus. We find that the combination of state policies and governance do explain differences in local access to language training. The results also strongly indicate that local governments are dependent on support from higher levels of government to secure training opportunities. The state is still the main actor, and its choices of policies and governance instruments are central for understanding differences in language provision for refugees in EU member states.
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Bevelander, Pieter, and Henrik Emilsson. One size fits all? : Integration approaches for beneficiaries of international protection. Malmö university, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24834/isbn.9789178771745.

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This thematic paper deals with integration policies concerning persons who aregranted international protection in EU Member States. It acknowledges that there are two general trends in integration policies - a civic turn and a local turn. The civic turn implies more integration requirements for migrants, decided upon by the state, that have an impact on the legal status of migrant newcomers. On the other hand, the local turn implies less national involvement with cities instead handling more of the integration policies, including funding and policy measures. The paper then describes four different models for the integration of beneficiaries of international protection: a national government-led model, a project based/multilevel governance model, a laissez-faire model, and a NGO-led model.
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ЛИЗИКОВА, М. С. ЛИЦЕНЗИРОВАНИЕ АЭС В СТРАНАХ-ЧЛЕНАХ ЕАЭС. DOI CODE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/0531-3467-2019-14515.

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In the article researched the experience of licensing of nuclear power plants of member states of the EAEU, both already having functioning nuclear power plants and planning its construction. It noted the different approaches of states to the licensing of the activity in this area, which can lead to increased time and unnecessary increase in the cost of construction of nuclear power plants. On the basis of the analysis it makes the conclusion on the necessity of harmonization of the process of licensing activity of nuclear power plants in member states of the EAEU, as well as it exprecces an opinion on the expediency of developing unified norms of licensing of activity in the field of usage of atomic energy withing the integration unification and reflection of its in the relevant international-legal act of the EAEU.
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10

Gorman, Clare, Lucy Halton, and Kushum Sharma. Advocating for Change in Nepal’s Adult Entertainment Sector. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/clarissa.2021.010.

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The United Nations Human Rights Council has a powerful role to play in addressing the worst forms of child labour. Accountability mechanisms such as the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) – which work to support Member States to improve their human rights situation – are therefore widely seen as important opportunities to advocate for change. Ahead of Nepal’s third UPR cycle in 2021, the CLARISSA programme met with eight UN Permanent Missions to present recommendations addressing the exploitation of children within Nepal’s adult entertainment sector. This spotlight story shares the programme’s experience in advocacting within this process. It also highlights their approach of providing decision makers with recommendations to the Government of Nepal that were underpinned by the importance of integrating a participatory, adaptive and child-centred approach.
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