Готові списки джерел за темами / Expansion de la vapeur

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Expansion de la vapeur"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 8 червня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Expansion de la vapeur":

1

Davydenkov, I. A., A. B. Davydov, and G. A. Perestoronin. "Vapor-liquid turbine expansion engines." Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 31, no. 2 (February 1995): 114–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01147389.

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2

Wright, Gavin. "Les Fondements Historiques de la Domination Economique Américaine." Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales 53, no. 3 (June 1998): 537–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ahess.1998.279684.

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La prééminence économique des États-Unis est l'un des traits marquants de l'histoire mondiale du 20e siècle. La domination américaine a été si nette et si évidente qu'elle semble souvent ne requérir aucune explication. L'historien Paul Kennedy écrit quant à lui, dans son étude très appréciée, The Rise and the Fall of the Great Powers:Les États-Unis semblaient posséder tous les avantages économiques dont certaines autres puissances détenaient une partie, mais ils ne comptaient aucun des handicaps de celles-ci… A la fin de la guerre de Sécession, les États-Unis ont pu exploiter, pour se transformer à une cadence stupefiante, les nombreux avantages dont ils étaient dotés: riches etendues cultivables, importantes quantites de matieres premieres, et possibilite de developper ces ressources grace a revolution particulierement heureuse de la technologie moderne (rail, machine a vapeur, equipement minier); faibles contraintes sociales ou geographiques ; absence de menace etrangere importante ; flux d'investissements etrangers et, progressivement, nationaux... Etant donne ces avantages, tout le processus de developpement etait virtuellement inévitable. C'est-à-dire que seule une opiniatre betise humaine, une guerre civile presque incessante ou une catastrophe naturelle auraient pu hypothequer cette expansion ou dissuader des millions d'immigrants de traverser l'Atlantique pour obtenir leur part d'or et grossir la main-d'œuvre.
3

Ahmed, Aram Mohammed, and Attila R. Imre. "The effect of recuperator on the efficiency of ORC and TFC with very dry working fluid." MATEC Web of Conferences 345 (2021): 00012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202134500012.

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Organic Rankine Cycles (ORC) and Trilateral Flash Cycles (TFC) are very similar power cycles; ideally, they have a reversible adiabatic (isentropic) compression, an isobaric heating, an isentropic expansion and an isobaric cooling. The main difference is that for ORC, the heating includes the full evaporation of the working fluid (prior expansion); therefore, the expansion starts in a saturated or dry vapour state, while for TFC, the heating terminates upon reaching the saturated liquid states. Therefore, for TFT, expansion liquid/vapour state (in bubbly liquid or in vapour dispersed with droplets), requiring a special two-phase expander. Being ORC a more “complete” cycle, one would expect that its thermodynamic efficiency is always higher than for a TFC, between the same temperatures and using the same working fluids. Surprisingly, it was shown that for very dry working fluids, the efficiency of TFC can exceed the efficiency of basic (i.e. recuperator- and superheater-free) ORC, choosing sufficiently high (but still subcritical) maximal cycle temperature. Therefore in these cases, TFC (having a simpler heat exchange unit for heating) can be a better choice than ORC. The presence of a recuperator can influence the situation; by recovering the proper percentage of the remaining heat (after the expansion), the efficiency of ORC can reach and even pass the efficiency of TFC.
4

Damanik, Jhon Berry Finn, Bambang Admadi Harsujuwono, and Lutfi Suhendra. "Pengaruh Konsentrasi Asam Stearat dan Suhu Gelatinisasi terhadap Karakteristik Komposit Bioplastik Tapioka dan Glukomanan." JURNAL REKAYASA DAN MANAJEMEN AGROINDUSTRI 10, no. 1 (March 28, 2022): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jrma.2022.v10.i01.p05.

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This study aims to determine the effect of stearic acid concentration and gelatinization temperature and the interaction of the two treatments on the characteristics of tapioca and glucomannan bioplastic composites, and determine the concentration of stearic acid and gelatinization temperature which can produce bioplastic composites with the best characteristics. This study used a randomized block design with two factors. The first factor is the concentration of stearic acid which consists of 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%. The second factor is the gelatinization temperature which consists of 4 temperatures, namely 70±1°C, 75±1°C, 80±1°C, 85±1°C. The variables observed in this study were tensile strength, elongation at break, elasticity, thickness expansion, water vapor transmission rate, biodegradation and functional group analysis. The data were analyzed for diversity and continued with Duncan's Multiple Comparison. The results showed that the concentration of stearic acid and gelatinization temperature had a very significant effect on tensile strength, thickness expansion, water vapor transmission rate and biodegradation. The interaction between treatments had a very significant effect on tensile strength, thickness expansion, water vapor transmission rate and biodegradation and significantly affected elongation at break and elasticity. The best tapioca and glucomannan bioplastic composites used a stearic acid concentration of 0.4% and a gelatinization temperature of 80±1°C which had the characteristics of a tensile strength of 23.86 MPa, elongation at break 8.70%, elasticity 274.40 MPa, thickness expansion 111.52%, water vapour transmission rate 1.05 g/m2.hour, biodegradation rate with 7 days old. Tapioca and glucomannan bioplastic composites contain functional groups of hydroxyl (O-H), alkyne (C?H), aldehyde (C=O), carboxylic acid (C-O), alkene (C-H) and hydroxyl hydrocarbon (CH2)n. Keywords : bioplastic composite, tapioca, glucomannan, stearic acid, gelatinization temperature
5

Saini, D. K., A. Baruah, and G. Sachdeva. "Vapour compression system analysis undergoing expansion in an ejector." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1240 (July 2019): 012131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1240/1/012131.

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6

Mielczarek, Z. A., and T. J. Trojanowski. "Refrigerant vapour superheat in direct-expansion air cooling coils." International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer 14, no. 3 (May 1987): 341–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-1933(87)90035-2.

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7

Goyal, Kunal, R. V. Nanditta, Potteli Dharma Teja, S. Malarmannan, and G. Manikandaraja. "Analysis of vapor compression refrigeration system employing tetrafluroethane and difluroethane as refrigerants." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2054, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 012054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2054/1/012054.

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Abstract The axiomatic effects of ozone layer depletion have caused additional damage in the last few decades. The accretion in greenhouse gases has transformed to take cardinal steps immediately. The concoct blend of 1,1,1,2 Tetrafluroethane (R134a) and 1,1, Difluroethane (R152) a was tested in a vapour compression refrigeration system as these are non-toxic, eco-friendly, non-flammable and non-corrosive. Experimental performance analysis of vapor compression refrigeration system using R134a and blends of R152a and R134a is done for different dimensions of expansion valves. Various parameters like coefficient of performance (COP), refrigerating effect and compressor work were analyzed. Refrigeration effect and compressor work of R134a was higher than R152a. COP value was reliable for 60/40 ratio of R152a and R134a and maximum COP was achieved with the blend of 90/10 ratio in the first expansive coil. These aberrant results could be overcome by amalgamation of R134a and R152a as the discharge temperature of R152a is effectively controlled by blending.
8

Morin, Richard, Ghfran Al Chami, Richard Gagné, and Benoit Bissonnette. "Design Considerations and Innovative Approach for Restoration of Historic Landmarks in Old Montreal." MATEC Web of Conferences 199 (2018): 07003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819907003.

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Restoration of some streets in Old Montreal is achieved using granite pavers bonded with a mortar bed to a concrete slab. The technique was originally used for the pavement of St-Paul Street with stone bricks back in the 1800's. A similar approach is being used in 2016 to renovate the very same street, except for the materials used in casting the foundation slab. In order to space out the expansion joints and prevent drying shrinkage cracking, fibre reinforcement and an expansive component are incorporated in the concrete. The concept was successfully used in bridge deck rehabilitation projects such as Girouard Overpass deck overlay. The basic principle of this approach is to generate a chemical expansion in the concrete (200 to 300 gm/m) using an expansive component, and to restrain the generated expansion through the combined action of ordinary peripheral steel reinforcement in the slab and steel fibre reinforcement in the concrete. The objective is to mitigate shrinkage stresses by keeping the strain balance as low as possible and allowing the concrete additional time to develop sufficient tensile strength, such that the stresses induced in the concrete slabs will remain lower than the concrete tensile strength.Restraint of expansion by the steel fibres and the peripheral reinforcement induces an initial compressive stress in the concrete slab. A part of this stress is used to compensate for the drying shrinkage, whereas the remaining part (if any) is used to resist incidental restrained deformation (e.g. thermal strains) cracking. Concrete mixture proportioning, placement, and curing need to be optimized in order to achieve enough expansion to adequately control cracking due to restrained shrinkage. After proper moist curing of the slab, the pavers are bonded to its top surface using a latex-modified mortar (latex to cement ratio of about 11% by mass). The latex-modified mortar used as a levelling bed underneath the pavers has a low vapour permeability that partially seals the concrete surface and further contributes to minimize drying shrinkage cracking. Since 2011, various historic landmarks in the City of Montreal have been restored using concrete containing an expansive component. To this date, monitoring and performance reports have showed that the chemical prestress approach is quite effective in decreasing shrinkage cracking in paved street foundations, thereby allowing the placement of longer slabs with significantly fewer expansion joints.
9

Kudryashov, N. A., and An A. Tutnov. "Modeling unsteady vapor condensation by rapid expansion." Fluid Dynamics 27, no. 3 (1993): 363–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01051184.

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10

NIIHARA, Koichi, and Toshio HIRAI. "Thermal Expansion of Chemically Vapor-Deposited Si3N4." Journal of the Ceramic Association, Japan 94, no. 1085 (1986): 156–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2109/jcersj1950.94.156.

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Статті в журналах Дисертації Книги

Дисертації з теми "Expansion de la vapeur":

1

Semeraro, Emanuele. "Experimental investigation on hydrodynamic phenomena associated with a sudden gas expansion in a narrow channel." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066516/document.

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La vaporisation rapide du sodium liquide surchauffé est supposée être à l’origine des arrêts automatiques pour réactivité négative du réacteur Phénix.Un dispositif expérimental a été mis en œuvre pour reproduire la détente d'un gaz pressurisé, repoussant un liquide dans un canal de section rectangulaire très allongée.L’interface qui sépare les deux fluides, initialement plate, ondule du fait d'instabilités de Rayleigh-Taylor dont le caractère 2D est garanti par le rapport d'aspect de la section du canal. L’aire interfaciale augmente d'un facteur 50.L’expansion du gaz peut être divisée en deux phases principales : une phase dite « de Rayleigh-Taylor » (linéaire et non-linéaire) et une phase dite « à multi-structures » (transitionnelle et chaotique). La première est caractérisée par la dynamique de l'interface et l’aire interfaciale qui en résulte est proportionnelle à l’amplitude des ondulations. La deuxième est influencée par le comportement des structures liquides, dispersées dans la matrice gazeuse et l’aire interfaciale est alors proportionnelle au nombre de structures.La distribution de fraction volumique suggère un modèle d’écoulement composé de trois régions : une région où la frontière des bulles est clairement définie et régulière, une région compartimentée par des membranes liquides issues des frontières des bulles, une région diphasique formée de la queue de ces structures. L’analyse de sensibilité à la tension superficielle confirme que plus la tension est faible, plus les interfaces sont instables. Les ondes sont plus prononcées et plus de structures sont produites, ce qui conduit à une majoration du taux de production de l’aire interfaciale
The sharp vaporization of superheated liquid sodium is investigated. It is suspected to be at the origin of the automatic shutdown for negative reactivity, occurred in the Phénix reactor at the end of the eighties.An experimental apparatus has been designed and operated to reproduce the expansion of overpressurized air, superposed to water in a narrow vertical rectangular section channel.When expansion begins, the initial flat interface separating the two fluids becomes corrugated under the development of two-dimensional Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities. The interface area increases significantly and becomes even 50 times larger than the initial value. Since the channel is very narrow, instabilities along the channel depth do not develop.The gas expansion in a narrow channel can be divided into two main phases: Rayleigh-Taylor (linear and non-linear) and multi-structures (transition and chaotic) phases. The former is characterized by the dynamic of corrugated profile and the interface area results proportional to the amplitude of corrugation The latter is influenced by the behavior of the liquid structures dispersed in gas matrix and the interface area is mainly proportional to the number of liquid structures.The distribution of volume fraction suggests a model of channel flow consisting of three regions: the regular profile of peaks, the spike region and the structures tails. The analysis of sensibility to surface tension confirms that, with a lower surface tension, the fluids configuration is more unstable. The interface corrugations are more pronounced and more structures are produced, leading to a higher increment of the interface area
2

Poullain, Thomas. "Etude numérique et expérimentale de l’évaporation sous vide d’alliages métalliques : application à la refusion VAR de Zircaloy-4." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LORR0189.

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La maitrise de la composition et de la ségrégation chimique est essentielle lors de l’élaboration de matériaux à forte valeur ajoutée, comme les alliages de zirconium à destination de l’industrie nucléaire. L’élaboration sous vide permet d’obtenir des lingots d’une très grande pureté mais elle présente aussi une contrainte supplémentaire concernant la maitrise de la teneur en éléments d’alliage volatiles. Les travaux présentés dans ce document visent à améliorer la prédiction de la cinétique d’appauvrissement en espèces métalliques volatiles lors de l’élaboration sous vide et en particulier lors de la refusion VAR (Vacuum Arc Remelting ou refusion à l’arc sous vide) du Zircaloy-4, un alliage de Zr. Dans un premier temps, nous étudions la cinétique d’évaporation et l’expansion de la vapeur métallique produite lors de la fusion sous vide. L’étude est effectuée par une combinaison d’expériences en four à bombardement électronique et de la simulation numérique du comportement de la vapeur par une méthode particulaire (FPM). Nos études sur l’évaporation de métaux purs, Ti et Zr, montrent l’importance des collisions au-dessus du liquide sur l’expansion de la vapeur et sa recondensation. La caractérisation de l’expansion de la vapeur de Fe et Sn lors de la fusion sous vide de Zy4, combinée à la simulation particulaire, nous a permis de déterminer la valeur des coefficients d’activité thermodynamique de ces éléments dans le Zy4 liquide. Dans un second temps, nous présentons la simulation de l’expansion de la vapeur métallique dans les conditions du procédé VAR en nous intéressant particulièrement aux flux de condensation sur les différentes surfaces. L’application de ce modèle au Zircaloy-4 montre que la composition du dépôt sur la paroi interne de la lingotière est très différente de celle de l’alliage. Enfin, le modèle particulaire est couplé à une modélisation de la croissance du lingot et nous étudions l’influence de l’évaporation, condensation et réincorporation de la collerette sur la composition et la ségrégation des éléments d’alliage volatils. Le couplage offre aussi une première prédiction de l’épaisseur et de la composition de la collerette que nous comparons pour la refusion du Zyrcalloy-4 avec des prélèvements industriels
Composition and chemical segregation control is primordial when producing high value-added materials, such as zirconium alloys for nuclear industry. Vacuum processing allows production very high purity ingot, however it also presents an additional problematic concerning control and prediction of alloy elements evaporation. This PhD dissertation aims at improving prediction of volatile metallic species evaporation during vacuum elaboration, especially during Zircaloy 4 VAR (Vacuum Arc Remelting).First, the evaporation kinetics and the expansion of the metal vapour produced during vacuum melting is investigated. The study is done with a combination of volatilisation experiments using an experimental electron beam furnace and particle based numerical simulation (FPM) of vapour behaviour. Our volatilisation studies on pure metals, Ti and Zr, show the importance of collisions above the liquid on the vapour expansion and its recondensation. Determination of Fe and Sn vapour expansion during Zy4 vacuum melting combined with particle simulation, allowed us to determine thermodynamic activity coefficients values for these elements in liquid Zy4.Then, metallic vapour expansion under VAR conditions is studied, with particular interest shown to condensation flows on the different surfaces. Application of our numerical model to Zy4 shows that the vapour deposited on the mould has a very different composition compared to the alloy. Finally, the particle model is coupled to an ingot growth model and we study the influence of evaporation, condensation and crown reincorporation with regard to volatile solute segregation and depletion. This coupling also provides a first prediction of crown thickness and composition and we compare them to industrial crown samples
3

Hwang, Moonkyu. "Numerical modeling of the expansion phase of vapor explosions." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16761.

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4

Suardin, Jaffee Arizon. "The application of expansion foam on liquefied natural gas (LNG) to suppress LNG vapor and LNG pool fire thermal radiation." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2906.

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5

Souza, Rafaela Faciola Coelho de. "Estudo da influência da sucção na pressão de expansão de materiais argilosos com a técnica da transferência de vapor." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18132/tde-19102015-105616/.

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Este trabalho apresenta a quantificação da expansão e suas características, principalmente a influência da sucção, em amostras de materiais sedimentares argilosos provenientes da Formação Corumbataí, aflorantes no interior do estado de São Paulo. Foram testadas amostras indeformadas, e amostras destorroadas e compactadas em diferentes umidades, em ensaios de pressão de expansão a volume constante por inundação, e também, com sucção controlada por meio da técnica da transferência de vapor. Foram ensaiadas, ainda, misturas compactadas desse material com bentonita em diferentes proporções, e misturas de bentonita com material não expansivo arenoso oriundo da Formação Botucatu. O controle de sucção foi realizado pelo uso de soluções salinas de NaCl em concentrações preparadas para impor sucções de 40.000, 25.000, 10.000 e 5.000 kPa. Para a realização dos ensaios, construiu-se um sistema de aplicação de cargas e de aquisição automática dos dados de pressão. Para acelerar o processo de umedecimento por vapor, utilizou-se um reservatório externo ligado em uma bomba de ar adaptada para promover a circulação do vapor de ar para dentro da célula edométrica, especialmente construída para esta pesquisa. Os resultados de expansão nos ensaios com inundação mostraram pressões de expansão crescentes com a diminuição dos teores de umidade, e consequente aumento da sucção inicial das amostras ensaiadas, bem como crescentes com o aumento na proporção de bentonita nas misturas, com valores máximos em torno de 700 kPa para o ensaio com a bentonita pura compactada seca. A análise da microestrutura das amostras por meio da porosimetria por intrusão de mercúrio permitiu constatar que as amostras indeformadas apresentaram variação, apenas, nos macroporos após a expansão; e as compactadas na umidade ótima e, posteriormente secas ao ar, não mostraram evolução significativa após a expansão. Na microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) foi possível verificar a mudança nos vazios das amostras, bem como, visualizar a variação na estrutura e na textura. Além disso, no MEV foram confirmados, também, os argilominerais determinados na caracterização mineralógica. Os resultados dos ensaios de expansão com sucção controlada mostraram ausência de pressão de expansão para as amostras da Formação Corumbataí nas condições indeformada, e na condição compactada na umidade ótima e posteriormente seca ao ar. No entanto, esse material, quando compactado seco na forma de pó, e também, compactado seco misturado com bentonita em diferentes proporções, revelou pressões de expansão com a transferência de vapor, assim como, as misturas de bentonita com material não expansivo da Formação Botucatu. A ausência de expansão foi justificada pela forma lenta de umedecimento proporcionada pela transferência de vapor que, apesar de promover o aumento do teor de umidade das amostras, não mobilizou variação volumétrica suficientemente capaz de transmitir como pressão de expansão. Portanto, os ensaios de expansão, com a utilização da técnica de transferência de vapor, foram efetivos para avaliar a expansão somente nos casos em que argilominerais com potencial expansivo estavam presentes em proporções consideráveis.
This thesis presents the quantification and characterization of expansion, especially the influence of suction on samples of sedimentary materials from Corumbatai Formation that occurs in Sao Paulo. Undisturbed and compacted samples with different moisture contents were tested with swelling pressure tests at constant volume method by flooding, and also with suction control by vapour transfer technique. Compacted mixtures of this material with bentonite in differents proportions, and mixtures of bentonite with sandy non-expansive material from the Botucatu Formation were also tested. The suction control was performed by the use of NaCl salt solutions at concentrations prepared to perform 40,000, 25,000, 10,000 and 5,000 kPa suctions. For the tests, it was developed a system for load application and automatic retrieval of pressure. To accelerate the wetting process by vapour, we used an external reservoir connected to an air pump adapted to promote air circulation inside the edometric cell, specially made for this study. The expansion results in flooding tests showed increasing swelling pressure with decreasing moisture content. Consequently there was an increase in the initial suction of the tested samples, which kept increasing as the rate of bentonite was raised in the mixtures, with a peak of ca. 700 kPa for the test with dry pure bentonite compacted. In the microstructure analysis of the samples by mercury intrusion porosimetry, the samples showed variation only in macropores after swell; and the ones compacted at optimum moisture, and subsequently air dried, showed no significant change after the swell. In scanning electron microscopy (SEM) it was possible to verify the change in the voids of the samples, as well as to visualize the variation in the structure and texture. In addition, the SEM confirmed clay minerals deterninated in mineralogical characterization. The results of controlled suction with swell tests showed absence of swell pressure for Corumbatai samples tested in undisturbed conditions, and compacted condition at optimum moisture content, and then air dried. However, when compacted in the form of dry powder, as well as when compacted dry, mixed with different proportions of bentonite, this material showed swelling pressures with vapor transfer technique, as well as mixtures of bentonite with non-expansive material of Botucatu Formation. The absence of swell was explained by the slow damping provided by the vapor transfer that although promoting increasing dampen, did not sufficiently mobilized volume variation capable of transmitting blowing pressure. Therefore, the swell tests with the vapor transfer technique were effective to evaluate the swelling just in cases where clay minerals with swell potential were present in significant proportions.
6

Denèfle, Romain. "Modélisation locale diphasique eau-vapeur des écoulements dans les générateurs de vapeur." Phd thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00919838.

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Cette travail de thèse est lié au besoin de modélisation des écoulements diphasiques en générateurs de vapeur (entrée liquide et sortie vapeur). La démarche proposée consiste à faire le choix d'une modélisation hybride de l'écoulement, en scindant la phase gaz en deux champs, modélisés de manières différentes. Ainsi, les petites bulles sphériques sont modélisées avec une approche dispersée classique avec le modèle eulérien à deux fluides, et les bulles déformées sont simulées à l'aide d'une méthode de localisation d'interface. Le travail effectué porte sur la mise en place, la vérification et la validation du modèle dédié aux larges bulles déformées, ainsi que le couplage entre les deux approches pour le gaz gaz, permettant des premiers calculs de démonstration utilisant l'approche hybride complète.
7

Akraiam, Atea I. Bubaker. "Metal cluster production by condensation of metal vapour in supersonic expansions and by aggregation in droplets." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/31834.

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Metal clusters have been produced by condensation of metal atoms on or inside small argon clusters and by collision of supersonic atomic argon beams with atomic metal vapours. A key parameter in both processes is the metal atom particle density. For iron, metal particle densities above a thermal open crucible-type evaporator were determined using quartz-micro-balance mass flux measurements, revealing a point-source-like dependence on the distance from the crucible. For silver atoms the particle densities were also determined using scattering from small argon clusters. Formation and soft-deposition of iron nanoparticles was first attempted using a supersonic beam of argon atoms that was blown into a vapour of iron atoms. Transmission electron microscopy showed the presence of iron nanoparticles whose size depended on the deposition time, showing that aggregation takes place after deposition. The deposition rates were of the order of 0.01 nm/s. In the second part of the study argon clusters containing on average 21 atoms were directed through vapours of xenon or silver atoms. Time-of-flight mass spectrometry showed the presence of xenon and silver clusters when the xenon or silver particle densities were increased. The xenon clusters contained up to four atoms whereas silver would only formdimers. The mass spectra also showed argon atoms attached to the xenon clusters, but not to the silver dimers, which was attributed to the high temperature of the silver dimers.
8

Blondel, Frédéric. "Couplages instationnaires de la vapeur humide dans les écoulements de turbines à vapeur." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00985725.

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Le bon fonctionnement et les performances des turbines à vapeur sont liés à l'état de la vapeur et notamment au taux d'humidité qu'elle contient. EDF souhaite pouvoir maîtriser les phénomènes spécifiques à ces problématiques afin d'améliorer l'utilisation et l'évolution de ses turbines. Le sujet de recherche concerne la modélisation de la formation de l'humidité dans un corps de turbine et l'étude des couplages entre la phase liquide et les instationnarités. Dans ce contexte, la démarche adoptée est la suivante : la présence d'humidité est prise en compte à l'aide d'un modèle homogène, couplé à des modèles de condensation permettant de prendre en compte les phénomènes hors-équilibre thermodynamique : le grossissement et la nucléation des gouttes d'eau dans la vapeur. Pour mener à bien les calculs, des méthodes numériques adaptées aux gaz réels ont été utilisées et testées à l'aide d'un code monodimensionnel avant d'être intégrées dans le code 3D elsA. Deux types de modèles de condensation ont été mis en œuvre, considérant ou non la polydispersion des gouttes dans la vapeur. Les couplages instationnaires entre la condensation et l'écoulement principal ont été étudiés à différents niveaux d'observations (1D, 1D − 3D, 3D). Il a été montré que la méthode des moments apporte une richesse supplémentaire par rapport à un modèle mono-dispersé, et permet de mieux capter les couplages instationnaires entre l'humidité et le champ principal.
9

Tillberg, Paul W. "Expansion microscopy : improving imaging through uniform tissue expansion." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/106094.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2016.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 70-76).
Until the past decade, optical microscopy of biological specimens was strongly limited by diffraction and scattering, affecting imaging resolution and depth, respectively. Now, numerous methods are available to overcome each of these limitations, but sub-diffraction limited resolution imaging over large volumes of scattering tissue is still a challenge. This work concerns the development of a new method, Expansion Microscopy (ExM) for achieving effect sub-diffraction-limited optical images in biological specimens. In ExM, the specimen is embedded in a swellable gel material to which fluorescent probes are chemically anchored. The embedded tissue is strongly digested so that it will not hinder uniform expansion driven by the gel. The gel with embedded, fragmented tissue is washed in water, triggering expansion of around 4-fold in each dimension. A variant of the method, ExM with Protein Retention (proExM) is presented that allows proteins themselves, rather than fluorescent probes, to be anchored by a small molecule cross-linker to the gel, so that the method may be carried out entirely with commercial components and standard antibodies.
by Paul W. Tillberg.
Ph. D.
10

Hansen, Glenn Alexander. "TWO ULTRAPRECISE THERMAL EXPANSION INVESTIGATIONS: SODIUM SILICATE - A LOW-EXPANSION CEMENT, AND THERMAL EXPANSION UNIFORMITY OF ZERODUR." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291814.

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Книги з теми "Expansion de la vapeur":

1

American Society of Mechanical Engineers., ed. Cylinder proportions for the compound engines determined by their free expansion losses. [S.l: s.n., 1986.

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2

Center, Langley Research, ed. Chemical vapor deposition fluid flow simulation modelling tool. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1992.

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3

Meyer, Véronique De. Cuisine vapeur. Paris: Flammarion, 2003.

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4

Pignède, Pierre. Vapeur en Cévennes. Breil-sur-Roya: Editions du Cabri, 1990.

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5

Fromental, Jean-Luc. À toute vapeur. Paris: Éditions du Seuil., 1996.

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6

Bretécher, Claire. Aggripine prend vapeur. Paris: C. Bretécher, 1991.

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7

Ménard, Valérie. À toute vapeur. Montréal: Éditions Phidal, 2008.

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8

Dambly, Phil. Vapeur en Belgique. Bruxelles: G. Blanchart & Cie, 1989.

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9

Manzat, Julia. L'autocuiseur à toute vapeur. Lucerne (Suisse): Dormonval, 2004.

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10

Chapelon, André. La locomotive à vapeur. 2nd ed. Rode, Nr. Bath, Somerset: Camden Miniature Steam Servicesls, 2000.

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Частини книг з теми "Expansion de la vapeur":

1

Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "vapeur." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 578. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_10955.

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2

Zauner, E., and G. E. A. Meier. "Phase Changes of a Large-Heat-Capacity Fluid in Transcritical Expansion Flows." In Adiabatic Waves in Liquid-Vapor Systems, 103–12. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83587-2_10.

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3

Peters, F., and B. Paikert. "Growth of n-Propanol Droplets in Argon Studied by Means of Shock Tube Expansion-Compression Process." In Adiabatic Waves in Liquid-Vapor Systems, 217–26. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83587-2_19.

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4

Pisano, Antonio. "Physics in a Vaporizer: Saturated Vapor Pressure, Heat of Vaporization, and Thermal Expansion." In Physics for Anesthesiologists, 105–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57330-4_12.

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5

Pruett, J. G., H. Windischmann, M. L. Nicholas, and P. S. Lampard. "Mass and Temperature Measurement in Pure Vapor Expansion of Metals and Semi-Metals." In Physics and Chemistry of Small Clusters, 109–14. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0357-3_17.

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6

Pisano, Antonio. "Physics in a Vaporizer: Saturated Vapor Pressure, Heat of Vaporization, and Thermal Expansion." In Physics for Anesthesiologists and Intensivists, 173–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72047-6_15.

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7

Das, K. S., and S. K. Wilson. "The Unsteady Expansion and Contraction of a Two-Dimensional Vapour Bubble Confined Between Superheated or Subcooled Plates." In Progress in Industrial Mathematics at ECMI 2004, 489–93. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-28073-1_72.

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8

Keighley, H. J. P., F. R. McKim, A. Clark, and M. J. Harrison. "Expansion." In Mastering Physics, 74–81. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-86062-3_9.

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9

Wong, Young-tsu. "Expansion." In China Academic Library, 51–72. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1881-7_3.

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10

Keighley, H. J. P., F. R. McKim, A. Clark, and M. J. Harrison. "Expansion." In Mastering Physics, 74–81. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-08849-2_9.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Expansion de la vapeur":

1

Delash, Thomas. "Vapor Cycle Compressor Range Expansion for Aerospace." In Aerospace Technology Conference and Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2011-01-2586.

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2

van Leeuwen, Ton G. J. M., Lieselotte van Erven, John H. Meertens, Mark J. Post, and Cornelius Borst. "Vapor bubble expansion and implosion: the origin of "Mille Feuilles"." In OE/LASE'93: Optics, Electro-Optics, & Laser Applications in Science& Engineering, edited by George S. Abela. SPIE, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.146581.

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3

Spinelli, Andrea, Fabio Cozzi, Vincenzo Dossena, Paolo Gaetani, Marta Zocca, and Alberto Guardone. "Experimental Investigation of a Non-Ideal Expansion Flow of Siloxane Vapor MDM." In ASME Turbo Expo 2016: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2016-57357.

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Nozzle flows of siloxane fluid MDM (C8H24O2Si3, octamethyltrisiloxane) expanding to supersonic speeds in non-ideal conditions are observed experimentally for the first time in the Test-Rig for Organic Vapors (TROVA) at Politencnico di Milano. The TROVA is a blow-down facility for investigating non-ideal compressible flows of organic vapors typical of Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) applications. Total conditions in the settling chamber are subcritical and superheated, with total presssure 3.15 bar and total temperature 246 °C. In these conditions, the thermodynamic model predicts a value of the compressibility factor and of the fundamental derivative of gasdynamics equal to Z = 0.884 < 1 and Γ = 0.885 < 1, respectively. The total pressure and temperature are monitored during the test runs, together with the static pressure at selected stations along the nozzle axis. A double-passage Schlieren is used to visualize the density gradients within the nozzle. The nozzle is a convergent-divergent planar nozzle with a throat area of 16.8 mm (height) × 18.7 mm (width). Differently from dilute gas conditions, for a constant total-to-ambient expansion ratio, the static-to-total pressure ratio measured at the geometrical throat is observed to slightly depend on the reservoir conditions.
4

Kouremenos, D. A., X. K. Kakatsios, O. E. Floratos, and G. Fountis. "Isentropic Expansion and the Three Isentropic Exponents of R152a." In ASME 1999 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1999-0876.

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Abstract The isentropic change of an ideal gas is described by the well known relations pvk = const., Tv(k-1) = const. and p(1-k)Tk = const., where the exponent k is defined as the ratio of the constant pressure to the constant volume specific heat, k = Cp/Cv. The same relations can be used for real gases only if the differential isentropic changes under consideration are small. A better examination of the differential isentropic change shows that for p, v, T systems, there are three different isentropic exponents corresponding to each pair formed out of the variables p, v, T. These three exponents noted kT,p, kT,v, kp,v after the corresponding pair of variables used, are interconnected by one relation, and accordingly only two out of the three are independent. The analysis of the present paper shows the numerical values of these exponents as well as the isentropic expansion ratios for R152a in the vapor phase, presented in diagram form. It can be seen that the deviations of the three isentropic exponents relative to the conventional k = Cp/Cv values are considerable and depend upon the initial pressure and the stage of the expansion. Additionally, the effect of the three isentropic exponents on the ideal gas relations describing the isentropic expansion ratios is examined, in order to develop simple yet more accurate relations without having to resort to the complex real gas state equations.
5

Bykov, N. Y. "Modeling of Vapor Expansion under Pulsed Laser Ablation: Time-of-flight Data Analysis." In RAREFIED GAS DYNAMICS: 24th International Symposium on Rarefied Gas Dynamics. AIP, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1941565.

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6

Mao, Feng, Lei Zhang, Xiangyu Yun, Donghua Lu, Wenxi Tian, and Huiyong Zhang. "Theoretical Study on Single Bubble Expansion After Pressurized Subcooled Water Injected in Thermal Glycerin." In 2021 28th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone28-64720.

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Abstract In the hypothetical liquid metal reactor SGTR (Steam Generator Tube Rupture) accident, the high-pressure water in steam generator tube will be injected into the high-temperature liquid metal. During the water-liquid metal interaction, water vaporized and vapor bubbles migrated into liquid metal, which could be resulting a sharp pressure raise and threatening the safety of the reactor. This multi-phase system can be abstracted as a system in which a high-pressure subcooled fluid (overheating state at atmospheric pressure) is injected into another higher temperature fluid (normal pressure) to form a two-component (water and liquid metal) system in which multiphase (fluid and vapor) were existed. There are two effect could cause bubbles expansion which lead to overall system pressure increase, they are flash evaporation of pressurized water since the depressurization and high-temperature glycerin heating the water/vapor. In this paper, the theoretical analysis of the single bubble expansion model is used to evaluate the effect of these two phenomena on the system pressure rise. First of all, this paper uses the force balance point of view to derive the single bubble expansion equation inside the inviscid fluid, and obtain the relationship between bubble expansion speed and bubble internal pressure. Secondly, through conservative assumptions, the bubble expansion speed caused by the heating effect of the high temperature fluid on the bubble is evaluated. Finally, this paper compares the strength of these two effects in the expansion of a single bubble, and theoretically explains the driving force of the pressure increase in the simulation experiment and the potential flow pattern.
7

Amiri, H. Beheshti, A. A. Piroozi, S. Hamidi, and M. J. Kermani. "Investigation of Geometry, Total Condition and Waves Effect on Two Phase Liquid-Vapor Flow Using Equilibrium Thermodynamics." In ASME 2012 Gas Turbine India Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gtindia2012-9651.

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In this paper, a numerical method is presented to solve the two-dimensional two-phase steam flow over a series of geometries (such as nozzles, expansion corners and steam turbine blade-to-blade passages) by means of equilibrium thermodynamics model. The flow is assumed to be compressible and inviscid and obeys the ideal gas equation of state. The resulted equations are then numerically solved by the Roe’s FDS time marching scheme that has recently been modified to allow for two-phase effects. Validations of condensing steam flow through vapor nozzles have been performed, where good agreement has been achieved. Detailed parametric studies monitoring the influence of (I) the geometry expansion rate, (II) the inlet total temperature and pressure, and (III) the expansion fan or shock waves on the location of condensation onset and the rate of condensation are given. Finally as a case study, expansion of steam flow through a steam turbine blade-to-blade passage is considered, and condensation or evaporation of the steam flow through the passage and fate of the wet flow through the fan or shocks were observed.
8

Yamaguchi, Y., and K. Takanashi. "Development of a Negative Thermal Expansion Capsular Object Using Phase Change Material." In ASME 2003 Heat Transfer Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2003-47224.

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Driving device for heat transfer enhancement in a fluid layer heated from above was developed. The device was composed of two closed vessels of which the size differs. They are flexible in axial direction, and the lager vessel is filled with air and the smaller one is filled with phase change material (PCM). By the change of the steam pressure of the PCM, the device shrinks and sinks under water when it is hot, and it expands and floats on water when it is cold. The device has a negative thermal expansion behavior, so the authors named it negative thermal expansion capsular object, NTE capsule for short. In this study, the NTE capsule using phase change material (PCM) was developed. It was composed of the large vessel enclosing the air and small vessel enclosing the PCM. Perfluorocyclobutane (RC318) was used for the PCM. The vapor pressure of the PCM changes widely according to the temperature. The motion characteristics of the NTE capsule using PCM were investigated experimentally. As a result, it was confirmed that the new NTE capsule falls downward and rises upward spontaneously in a fluid layer heated from above.
9

Glos, Jan, Frantisek Solc, and Pavel Vaclavek. "Model-based Electronic Expansion Valve Feed-forward Control for Electrified Automotive Vapor Compression Refrigeration System." In IECON 2020 - 46th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society. IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iecon43393.2020.9255028.

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10

Gusarov, Andrey V., Alexey G. Gnedovets, and Igor Smurov. "Gas dynamics of laser ablation: two-dimensional expansion of the vapor in an ambient atmosphere." In Laser-Assisted Microtechnology 2000, edited by Vadim P. Veiko. SPIE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.413761.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Expansion de la vapeur":

1

Schmidt, Emily, and Timothy S. Thomas. Cropland expansion. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/9780896296916_02.

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2

BROWN, KEVIN H., JAMES R. KOTERAS, DONALD B. LONGCOPE, and THOMAS L. WARREN. Cavity Expansion: A Library for Cavity Expansion Algorithms, Version 1.0. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/809998.

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3

Ingermanson, R. Accelerating the loop expansion. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6982668.

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4

Stone, M. E. Bed expansion crucible tests. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/753690.

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5

Aadithya, Karthik, Eric Keiter, and Ting Mei. The Karhunen Loeve Expansion. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1761975.

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6

Menikoff, Ralph. Thermal Expansion of PBX 9502. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1441276.

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7

Gaughan, T. F. Burial Ground Expansion Hydrogeologic Characterization. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6169367.

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8

Johnston, Angelina, and George Baffoe. Nassriya Prison Expansion Nassriya, Iraq. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada528680.

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9

Gaughan, T. F. Burial Ground Expansion Hydrogeologic Characterization. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5300.

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10

Buchmueller, Thomas, Helen Levy, and Robert Valletta. Medicaid Expansion and the Unemployed. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, December 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w26553.

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