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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Execution of public expenditure"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 7 вересня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Execution of public expenditure"

OGUNGBADE, Oluyinka Isaiah, Alani Olusegun EFUNTADE, and Olubunmi Omotayo EFUNTADE. "Causality among Oil Revenue, Non-Oil Revenue, Fiscal Risk Factors and Budget Execution Phase in Relation to Debt Overhang and Crowding-Out Theories: Contending Gap Issues." WORLD JOURNAL OF FINANCE AND INVESTMENT RESEARCH 6, no. 1 (August 24, 2023): 83–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.56201/wjfir.v6.no1.2022.pg83.101.

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We reviewed literatures on the complex causality among oil revenue, non-oil revenue, fiscal risk factors and budget execution phase in relation to debt overhang and crowding-out theory. The majority of papers surveyed study on investigated the long-run and short-run relationship between fluctuations of oil price ; direction of causality between total revenue and total government spending ; the dynamics of the tax revenue and expenditure nexus, explored the impact of oil prices volatility on the key factors of the government budget, analyse the relationship between public expenditure and debt —little research in the area of the impact of oil price fluctuations on key macroeconomics variables. The evidence provided by the empirical literature is that there are indeed heterogeneous responses to position on complex causality among oil revenue, non-oil revenue, fiscal risk factors and budget execution phase in relation to debt overhang and crowding-out theory. It is detected that most study reviewed did not disintegrated relevant revenue: oil revenue (upstream oil revenues, downstream oil revenues, petroleum profit tax(PPT)); non-oil revenue (company income tax (CIT), value added tax (VAT), personal income tax ) and budget risk factors: oil price volatility (OPV)(OPEC Spot OPV, Brent OPV, West Texas Intermediate OPV), public debt (external public debt, domestic public debt), debt servicing (external debt interest service and domestic debt interest service) on budget execution phase (public expenditure: capital budget expenditure and recurrent budget expenditure). It is recommended that research effort should be made in answering the following research questions: what is the effect of oil revenue on budget implementation (public expenditure: capital expenditure and recurrent expenditure)? How non-oil tax revenue is correlates with budget implementation (public expenditure: capital expenditure and recurrent expenditure)? Of what effect is oil price vola

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Lupapa, Moses kalombo. "L’ANALYSE DES CAUSES MAJEURS DE LA NON PERFORMANCE DES FINANCES PUBLIQUES EN REPUBLIQUE DEMOCRATIQUE DU CONGO." IJRDO - Journal of Business Management 9, no. 6 (June 9, 2023): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.53555/bm.v9i6.5717.

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In the DRC, the execution of revenue and expenditure is characterized by the consumption of revenue often at source by the services responsible for their collection, fraud fostered by corruption, influence peddling and impunity is increasing more and more, tax and customs exemptions are to be mentioned, non-compliance with budget appropriations some credits are executed in excess, Others do not even know a start of execution, the execution of unforeseen expenditure (100-day project), the violation of the rules relating to the procedure for the execution of public expenditure by the use of exceptional procedures, the violation of public procurement rules, to name but a few. Faced with this, Law No. 18/010 of 9 July 2018 amending Law No. 11/011 of 13 July 2011 on public finances in the Democratic Republic of Congo advocates in its explanatory memorandum a budget based on a logic of results through program budgets. The law aims to move from a budget of means to that of a budget of results. This is a performance-oriented management approach, that is, the search for economic effectiveness and efficiency in the use of resources and the achievement of objectives previously defined in the programs. In view of the above, a question deserves to be asked in this research, what are the major causes of the non-performance of public finances in the Democratic Republic of Congo?

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RENÉ BASIN, NDONGO EYINGA, and TOWO VERLIN JOEL. "THE EFFECT OF PUBLIC INVESTMENT BUDGET EXECUTION ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN CAMEROON: A BUDGETARY SIGHT." International Journal of Social Sciences and Management Review 06, no. 06 (2023): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.37602/ijssmr.2023.6603.

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In 2009, the Cameroonian authorities adopted a long-term development vision, one of the major challenges being strong and equitably distributed growth. Now in the second phase of this vision, the problem of growth remains with the same sensitivity. In an attempt to achieve the growth target, set out in the National Development Strategy, they have placed particular emphasis on monitoring the implementation of the PIB. This article discusses the implications of PIB implementation for economic growth in Cameroon. Using ARDL modelling on quarterly data from 2012 to 2020, we show that the increase in public investment expenditure execution results into a growth deterioration in the first quarter, but from the third quarter onwards we start to see an improvement in growth of 0.057 points following a one-point increase in public investment expenditure execution. It is therefore recommended to put in place a strategic committee be set up to monitor and follow up on the recommendations made at the various PIB monitoring meetings, with the goal to subsequently improve the level of execution in order to benefit from these effects on economic growth.

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Gibaja-Romero, Damián-Emilio, and Rosa-María Cantón-Croda. "Auction and Classification of Smart Contracts." Mathematics 10, no. 7 (March 24, 2022): 1033. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10071033.

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The execution of smart contracts (SCs) relies on consensus algorithms that validate the miner who executes the contract and gets a fee to cover her expenditure. In this sense, miners are strategic agents who may focus on executing those contracts with the largest fee, to the detriment of other SCs’ execution times, which also harms the blockchain’s reputation. This paper analyzes the impact of miners’ competition on SCs’ execution times in a public blockchain. First, we explain that the Proof-of-Work mechanism casts similarities with a time auction, where the one who first adds blocks is the one who executes the contract and gets the fee. At equilibrium, costs negatively affect execution times, while the opposite holds concerning fees. However, this result does not capture the competition for other contracts; hence, we apply the Naïve Bayes method to classify SCs by considering a simulated database that comprises miners’ competition for several contracts. We observe that simultaneous competition generates patterns that differ from the ones expected by the auction solution. For example, miners’ valuation does not accelerate contracts’ execution, and high-cost smart contracts do not necessarily execute at last places.

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Kravchenko, Тetiana, and Marina Vlasenko. "ANALYSIS AND FORECASTING OF THE PUBLIC BUDGET EXPENDITURE OF UKRAINE." Economic Analysis, no. 29(2) (2019): 44–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/econa2019.02.044.

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Introduction. In modern conditions of growing crisis phenomena in the global economy, the development of each country's economy is inevitably accompanied by the need to overcome such global problems as aggravation of inter-country competition in the world energy market, financial expansion of transnational financial corporations, global warming and the global food crisis, migration of the population between rich and poor countries, information wars between leading global players in the sphere of influence. The combination of these and other factors in the context of deepening globalization with each one increases their influence on the development of the national economy of developing countries and post-Soviet countries, which stipulates them to forecast state expenditures in terms of separate articles, to budget them in short and long-term periods, to adjust plans in accordance to their execution or non- execution. Purpose. The article aims to forecast the expenditures of the state budget of Ukraine for 2018-2021 with the help of a regressive multivariate model on the basis of annual social and economic macro indicators of Ukraine. Method (methodology). The general scientific and economic methods are used for the achievement of the given task. They are the method of system and structural analysis, method of analysis and synthesis, method of scientific generalization, statistical method, method of comparative analysis, method of analogies and modelling. Methods of econometric analysis, such as regression method, are also used in this research. Results. The results of the study proved the feasibility of using an econometric approach to assessing the expenditures of the state budget. Public debt, unemployment rate and GDP deflator are recommended to be used as interdependent indicators. According to the results of regression analysis it is established the relationship between these indicators is. On the basis of the model, the forecast has been made for 2018-2021 years. A comparative description with the proposed forecasts has been made by the Ministry of Economic Development and Trade of Ukraine. The directions for improving the optimization or effective use and sending of budget expenditures with the aim to improve the quality of auditing the use of budget funds have been proposed.

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Saeed, Khalid. "Taxation of Fiat Money Using Dynamic Control." Systems 10, no. 3 (June 19, 2022): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/systems10030084.

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The treasury analogy is widely used in most countries in the execution of fiscal policies striving to match taxation with public expenditure while, at the same time, the central banks tinker with interest rates and reserve requirements and conduct open market operations for regulating money supply. This paper investigates the relevance of those policy actions to the ubiquitous use of fiat money tokens which in addition to meeting public expenditure and paying taxes also facilitate transactions in the economy. A parsimonious model of the macroeconomic system subsuming the prevalent fiscal and monetary interventions is developed and experimented with to explore alternative policy levers for funding public expenditure and controlling money supply. A novel dynamic control regimen to regulate taxation and open market operations for controlling inflation is proposed. It is shown that while the public spending can be entirely met through new money creation, taxation and open market operations must be used as inflation control instruments, whereas expenditure instruments can be used to alleviate the regressivity of taxation regimen.

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Omodero, Cordelia Onyinyechi. "Analysis of Factors Inluencing Public Capital Investment in Nigeria." Journal of Educational and Social Research 10, no. 1 (January 10, 2020): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/jesr-2020-0007.

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There are several factors that affect successful execution of public capital projects in every economy. This study specifically investigates the influences of selected macroeconomic factors such as: inflation, exchange rate, total expenditure, population, debt servicing and Real GDP on government capital investments using data that cover a period from 2000 to 2017. Using ordinary least squares technique, the findings reveal that Real GDP and population have insignificant negative impact on capital investments, while debt servicing has a significant negative influence on government capital expenditure. Inflation rate does not exert any influence but exchange rate and total expenditure have significant positive impact on capital expenditure. The implication is that a lot of funds go into debt servicing, thereby denying the masses of adequate infrastructural provisions. Due to poor funding of local industries, they lack the capacity to affect the economy positively such that the size of the Real GDP is negatively influencing the public capital investment. Therefore, the study has made some recommendations which could help our policy makers in their decision to ensure that investment in capital projects and infrastructures in the country is given the basic consideration to achieve its economic objectives. Above all the domestic industries and agriculture should be well financed since inflows from them can help to carry out more capital projects and reduce the country’s level of borrowing.

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Ocheni, Stephen I., and Michael Sunday Agba. "Fiscal Decentralisation, Public Expenditure Management and Human Capital Development in Nigeria." Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 7, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 153–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ajis-2018-0016.

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Abstract The paper focuses on fiscal decentralization, public expenditure management and human capital development in Nigeria. It presents a synergical relationship/nexus between fiscal decentralization, public expenditure management and human capital development and sees fiscal decentralization as an imperative necessity of empowering levels of government with financial resources to bring government closer to the people by the rendition of social services to people within their jurisdictions. The paper further argues that assigned fiscal responsibilities of governmental agencies must be backed up with prudent management of public expenditure (recurrent and capital) which should be aptly targeted at developing the human resources considered as the kingpin of true developmental efforts in any society. Nigeria, a social formation with an estimated population of 180 million persons and the largest economy in Africa has consistently failed in fostering the development of its human capital through budgetary allocations and implementation, fiscal decentralization and public expenditure management. To arrest the trend, the paper calls for a sustained commitment on the part of government in the development of the nation’s resources through sustained budgetary allocations in education, health, agriculture, infrastructural development, training and retraining of workers, power, science and technology and execution of people oriented public programmes/projects.

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Matveeva, Elena E. "TREASURY CONTROL IN THE SYSTEM OF CONTROL AND SUPERVISORY BODIES." Krasnoyarsk Science 10, no. 4 (December 30, 2021): 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2070-7568-2021-10-4-121-128.

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In order to improve the quality of public finance management in the Russian Federation, priority areas of large-scale reform have been identified, including: development of the financial control system; ensuring a competitive and transparent procurement system for public needs; formation of a unified information contour of the public finance management system. Modern technological solutions make it possible to integrate business processes for the execution of expenditure budgets with procurement processes and procedures, thus achieving an integrated approach to budget expenditure management, which in turn is one of the promising areas of digitalization within the framework of the implementation of the National Program “Digital Economy of the Russian Federation”. Purpose. The purpose is to define and improve the control powers of various state bodies in the field of budget expenditures, primarily treasury control. Method or methodology of the work: the following methods were used in the article: analysis, synthesis of scientific information, the method of analogies, as well as statistical methods of analysis. Results: the most informative parameters showing some aspects of treasury control were obtained. Scope of application of the results: it is advisable to apply the results obtained by regulatory authorities exercising control over economic entities.

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Nurwati, Nurwati, Yudi Santoso, and Nur Azizah. "Prediction of School Uniform Sales Using the K-Nearest Neighbor Method." CCIT Journal 15, no. 2 (August 4, 2022): 250–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.33050/ccit.v15i2.2323.

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Information regarding monitoring of operational expenditures of the Regional Public Service Agency at the Emergency Ambulance Service Unit of the DKI Jakarta Health Office. Because the finances issued or used must be accurately informed. In this case, monitoring the operational expenses of the Regional Public Service Agency at the Emergency Ambulance Service Unit of the DKI Jakarta Health Service still has many obstacles. Constraints faced are such as the technical executor. The activity of submitting an accountability letter still has a long stage, the Verifier is not there so that the process of checking the accountability letter stops, the input of reports is carried out one by one by the Spending Treasurer using Microsoft Excel. The process of monitoring the operational expenses of the Regional Public Service Agency at the Emergency Ambulance Service Unit of the DKI Jakarta Health Office takes a long time. And another obstacle is the occurrence of classifying the type of operational expenditure. In this data analysis method, using Balanced Scorecard (BSC) analysis, system design uses Visual Paradigm to create UML (Unified Modeling Language), PHP programming language, MySQL to create databases. The result of this research is that an information system for monitoring operational expenditures of the Regional Public Service Agency can create and submit a letter of accountability and verification letters are carried out computerized, the Expenditure Treasurer no longer enters the general cash books one by one, the Expenditure Treasurer no longer classifies the types of operational expenditure in recap operational expenditure.

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Дисертації з теми "Execution of public expenditure"

Eyeghe, Minko Sébastien. "Recherche sur l'amélioration des délais de paiement dans la commande publique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0100.

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L'exécution des dépenses publiques est strictement encadrée. Tout en respectant ce cadre, des réformes ont été conduites au fil du temps en matière de commande publique afin d'apporter des réponses aux difficultés que peuvent parfois rencontrer les cocontractants de l'Administration en phase d'exécution (réduction progressive du délai réglementaire de paiement, droit aux intérêts moratoires en cas de retards, législation des avances et des acomptes etc.). Les études récentes semblent toutefois souligner les limites de ces évolutions, en particulier lorsque le cocontractant est une petite ou moyenne entreprise. Si bien que cette thèse propose une transformation de l'exécution des dépenses publiques dans le champ de la commande publique
The execution of public expenditure is strictly regulated. While respecting this framework, reforms have been carried out over time in terms of public procurement in order to provide responses to the difficulties that co-contractors of the Administration may sometimes encounter during the execution phase (progressive reduction of the regulatory deadline for payment, right to default interest in the event of delays, legislation on advances and deposits, etc.). However, recent studies seem to highlight the limits of these developments, in particular when the co-contractor is a small or medium-sized company. So much so that this thesis proposes a transformation of the execution of public expenditure in the field of public procurement

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Bateman, William. "Parliamentary control of public money." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/286229.

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This dissertation analyses the idea that parliament controls public money in parliamentary constitutional systems of government. That analysis proceeds through an historical and contemporary examination of the way legal practices distribute authority over public money between different institutions of government. The legislative and judicial practices concerning taxation, public expenditure, sovereign borrowing, and the government financing activities of central banks are selected for close attention. The contemporary analysis focuses on the design and operation of those legal practices in the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth of Australia, in the context of the boom-bust-recovery economic conditions experienced between 2005 and 2016. The dissertation's ultimate claims are explanatory: that "parliamentary control" is a poor explanation of the distribution of financial authority in parliamentary systems of government and should be jettisoned in favour of an idea of "parliamentary ratification". An empirically engaged methodology is adopted throughout the dissertation and (historical and contemporary) public sector financial data enrich the legal analysis. The dissertation acknowledges the impact of, but remains agnostic between, different economic and political perspectives on fiscal discipline and public financial administration. The dissertation makes a number of original contributions. It provides a detailed examination of the historical development, legal operation and constitutional significance of annual appropriation legislation, and the legal regimes governing sovereign borrowing and monetary finance. It also analyses the way that law interacts with government behaviour in situations of economic emergencies (focusing on the Bank of England's public financing activities since 2008), and the institutional and doctrinal obstacles facing judicial involvement in disputes concerning public finance (focusing on the Australian judiciary's recent engagements with public expenditure legislation).

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Värja, Emelie. "Local public expenditure : Equality, quality and growth." Doctoral thesis, Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-52009.

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The focus of this dissertation is local government expenditure, where growth, quality, and equality is in the center of attention Essay 1: Sports and Local Growth in Sweden: Is a Sports Team Good for Local Economic Growth? The purpose of Essay 1 is to analyzethe effect of professional sports on the municipality’s tax base. I find no indications of a positive effect on the growth rate of per capita income from having a team in the top series. Essay 2: Equality of Quality of Day Activity Service Programs in Sweden. In this Essay we investigates the equality of the day activity service programs for people with intellectual disabilities provided by local governments in Sweden. The findings are that despite the Act concerning Support and Service for Persons with Certain Functional Impairments intended to secure equality in living conditions, the quality of day activity service programs seems to be dependent on the local government’s tax base as well as the political preferences. In Essay 3: Analysis of Cost and Quality Indicators of Day Activity Service Programs in Sweden, we analyze the distribution of observable quality indicators for daily activity service programs. We find that municipalities that conduct regular user surveys find reasons to spend more per user on average. Additionally, the probability for transitions to employment at a regular workplace is higher in municipalities where as a routine a review is made of whether each participant can be offered an internship or work. The objective of Essay 4: The Composition of Local Government Expenditure and Growth: Empirical Evidence from Sweden, is to analyze whether there is a possibility of enhancing the average income growth rate at the local level by redistributing expenditure between main functional areas of local governments, while keeping the budget restriction fixed. We find that devoting large shares of expenditure on areas that increase labor supply, such as child care are positively related to growth in income. Additionally we find that spending areas previously categorized as productive can have a non-linier relationship with growth.

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Hutchinson, D. Graeme. "Aspects of public expenditure in Northern Ireland." Thesis, University of Ulster, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.321636.

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Das, Kuntal K. "Essays on public debt, expenditure and policy /." Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2008. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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McInerney, Melissa Powell. "Responses to incentives in public expenditure programs." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/8479.

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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2008.
Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Economics. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.

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Misra, Sanjeev. "Returns to Public Agricultural Expenditure Under Uncertainty." DigitalCommons@USU, 2000. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4197.

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A vast literature has investigated the returns to investment in agriculture research and generally found extremely high rates of return. These results suggest policymakers would do well to maintain or increase resource allocation to public agricultural research. Remarkably little attention has been paid, however, to the issue of how best to allocate public agricultural research funding between competing research areas and organizations. This paper considers the relative returns to alternative uses of public agricultural research funds committed to the agricultural experiment stations of 10 western states of the United States over the years 1967-91. A model of expected utility maximization subject to risk is presented with comparative analysis. After establishing empirically that the mean variance analysis would be an inappropriate method to solving the problem, a stochastic dominance testing method is employed to identify dominated and undominated research categories and state agricultural experiment stations. The mean variance analysis also is used to evaluate whether research productivity has been increasing or decreasing over time, and to establish which among the western states hold absolute advantage in particular research areas.

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Kappeler, Andreas. "Essays on the institutional determinants of public expenditure." kostenfrei, 2008. http://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9645/.

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Kappeler, Andreas. "Essays on the institutional determinants of public expenditure." Diss., lmu, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-96459.

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Kim, Eui-Seob. "The growth of public expenditure in Korea, 1953-1991." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/30134.

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As in most other developed countries, the growth of the public sector has become an important issue in the economic and political debate of Korea in recent years. In 1953 the public sector was relatively small compared to other developed countries, but since the end of the Korean War, the public sector has grown dramatically. Over the last four decades, governments have exerted an enormous influence on the level and allocation of scarce resources in the economy. Especially, since the early 1960s, government involvement in the economy has increased rapidly to promote export and economic growth. Although the public sector has played an important role during the Korean modernisation process and public expenditure has grown rapidly, few studies have been carried out to explain the sustained growth of public expenditure in Korea. These thesis seeks to explain the nature and causes of the growth of government expenditure in Korea for the period of 1953-1991. This thesis reviews nine alternative theories of government growth which attempt to explain the observed phenomenon of the rising trend in public expenditure. After reviewing theories of public expenditure growth, we analyse the applicability of these leading hypotheses on public expenditure behaviour with data taken from Korea during the period 1953-1991. Our empirical study shows that Wagner's hypothesis of expanding state activity is more reliable than Peacock and Wiseman's displacement effect hypothesis in explaining the Korean case. Moreover, our empirical research indicates that the income effect, the relative price effect and the lagged dependent variable are the main causes of the expansion of government expenditure in Korea over the study period.

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Книги з теми "Execution of public expenditure"

Division, Manitoba Comptroller's, ed. Departmental expenditure estimates supplement instructions. [Manitoba]: Financial and Management Systems, Comptroller's Division, Department of Finance, 1992.

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Executive, Scottish. The Scottish Budget: Annual expenditure report of the Scottish Executive. Edinburgh: Stationary Office, 2001.

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United States. Office of Management and Budget. Preparation, submission, and execution of the budget. Washington, D.C: Executive Office of the President, Office of Management and Budget, 2002.

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Nigerian Institute of Social and Economic Research., ed. EC-EMCAP/NISER study on effectiveness of public expenditure in Nigeria: Executive summary. Ibadan: [NISER?, 2005.

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Ronald, Reagan. Sequestration order for fiscal year 1986: Message of the President pursuant to section 252(a)(5) of Public Law 99-177 (the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985), together with all related communications transmitted by federal departments and establishments, pursuant to Directive 86-7, January 16, 1986, promulgated by the Office of Management and Budget to carry out Public Law 99-177. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1986.

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Ronald, Reagan. Sequestration order for fiscal year 1986: Message from the President pursuant to section 252(a)(5) of Public Law 99-177 (the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985), together with all related communications transmitted to the President of the Senate by federal departments and establishments, pursuant to Directive 86-7, January 16, 1986, promulgated by the Office of Management and Budget to carry out Public Law 99-177. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1986.

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Ronald, Reagan. Sequestration order for fiscal year 1986: Message from the President pursuant to section 252(a)(5) of Public Law 99-177 (the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985), together with all related communications transmitted to the Speaker of the House of Representatives by federal departments and establishments, pursuant to Directive 86-7, January 16, 1986, promulgated by the Office of Management and Budget to carry out Public Law 99-177. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1986.

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Ronald, Reagan. Sequestration order for fiscal year 1986: Message from the President pursuant to section 252(a)(5) of Public Law 99-177 (the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985), together with all related communications transmitted to the Speaker of the House of Representatives by federal departments and establishments, pursuant to Directive 86-7, January 16, 1986, promulgated by the Office of Management and Budget to carry out Public Law 99-177. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1986.

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Reagan, Ronald. Sequestration order for fiscal year 1986: Message from the President pursuant to section 252(a)(5) of Public Law 99-177 (the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985), together with all related communications transmitted to the President of the Senate by federal departments and establishments, pursuant to Directive 86-7, January 16, 1986, promulgated by the Office of Management and Budget to carry out Public Law 99-177. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1986.

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Ronald, Reagan. Sequestration order for fiscal year 1986: Message from the President pursuant to section 252(a)(5) of Public Law 99-177 (the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985), together with all related communications transmitted to the Speaker of the House of Representatives by federal departments and establishments, pursuant to Directive 86-7, January 16, 1986, promulgated by the Office of Management and Budget to carry out Public Law 99-177. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1986.

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Частини книг з теми "Execution of public expenditure"

Mwakibete, Andwilile. "Public Expenditure." In Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research, 5205–6. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_2319.

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Gibb, Kenneth, Moira Munro, and Madhu Satsangi. "Public Expenditure." In Housing Finance in the UK, 37–64. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-14117-3_3.

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Milward, Bob. "Public Expenditure." In Applied Economics, 322–34. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-14250-7_19.

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Trotman-Dickenson, D. I. "Public Expenditure." In Economics of the Public Sector, 71–90. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-13264-5_4.

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Shipman, Alan. "Public Expenditure." In Wynne Godley, 63–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12289-8_4.

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Mwakibete, Andwilile. "Public Expenditure." In Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research, 5600–5601. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17299-1_2319.

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Cedro, Marco, Eleonor Kristoffersson, Teresa Pontón Aricha, and Lidija Živković. "Gender Equitable Taxation." In Gender-Competent Legal Education, 375–404. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14360-1_11.

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AbstractFrom Adam Smith’s 1776 classic “The Wealth of Nations” until modern times, the principle of fairness has remained one of the crucial principles on which tax systems are to be based. However, even modern tax and budgetary systems are far from being gender equitable. This chapter provides an analysis of the ways in which taxation, as well as the subsequent spending of resources collected therewith, influence gender equality within a household, at the workplace and within the broader economy. This analysis should enable the reader to utilise the gender equality principle as a framework for re-evaluating the applicable national and international sources of tax law, as well as public expenditure management on various levels of the government. This chapter will show why gender equality should become a priority for governments when creating their fiscal policy and executing their budgets.

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MacCarthaigh, Muiris. "Public Expenditure Reform." In Public Sector Reform in Ireland, 193–212. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57460-8_7.

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Shipman, Alan. "Public Expenditure Revisited." In Wynne Godley, 111–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12289-8_7.

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Henriques, Carla, and Clara Viseu. "Evaluating the Reasons Behind the Inefficient Implementation of ERDF Devoted to R&I in SMEs." In Springer Proceedings in Political Science and International Relations, 3–27. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18161-0_1.

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AbstractThis work is mainly aimed at evaluating the reasons behind the inefficient execution of Operational Programs (OPs) aimed at promoting research and innovation (R&I), especially in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). To achieve this goal, we employed a three-stage slack-based measure (SBM) data envelopment analysis (DEA) model combined with Stochastic Frontier analysis (SFA), which includes a multiplicity of achievement metrics and environmental factors, to evaluate 53 OPs from 19 countries. Our findings suggest that more developed regions (proxied by a higher Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita) do not make an efficient application of European Regional Development Funds (ERDF) aimed at fostering R&I in SMEs. Also, a greater proportion of the population with a university degree does not imply an appropriate use of ERDF devoted to R&I in SMEs. Lifelong learning is positively linked with the performance of the outcomes “Researchers Working in Improved Infrastructures” and “Enterprises Supported”. Research and development (R&D) expenditures in the public sector contribute favorably to the needed improvements in “Researchers Working in Improved Infrastructures” but have the reverse effect on the number of “Enterprises Supported” and “Enterprises Working with Research Institutions”. Furthermore, because R&D expenditures in the business sector have a positive impact on the necessary development of “Enterprises Working with Research Institutions”, these results appear to demonstrate that public R&D has a weaker influence on SME innovation than private R&D. Finally, innovative SMEs collaborating with other sources of knowledge show a positive effect on both the number of “Enterprises” and “Enterprises Working with Research Institutions” supported.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Execution of public expenditure"

Karfíková, Marie. "Optimization of Public Revenues and Expenditure." In XVI International Scientific Conference "The Optimization of Organization and Legal Solutions concerning Public Revenues and Expenditures in Social Interest". Temida 2, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/oolscprepi.2018.52.

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Barattino, William J., Benjamin J. Cross, D. Jeffrey Smith, Wendi Goldsmith, Scott Foster, Michael Holt, and Paul E. Roege. "The Business Case for SMRs on DOD Installations." In ASME 2011 Small Modular Reactors Symposium. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smr2011-6552.

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U. S. Federal Agencies have been directed to reduce all use of Fossil Fuel Energy in Buildings by 2030. The Department of Defense (DOD) has additional requirements to significantly reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions and achieve energy independence for military installations over the next few decades. Installations are empowered to reach these ambitious goals with execution of long term contracts with service providers for power and industrial processes as long as their operating expenditures are lower than costs of existing services. This paper will explore the business case conditions for how Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) located on U.S. Army installations by a servicing utility could provide a viable energy alternative to the DOD for meeting these objectives. A systems perspective is critical toward understanding the potential for SMRs to enable pursing the parallel objectives of reducing fossil fuel usage, making installations energy self-sufficient, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions with long term operations at lower costs. The potential for meeting greenhouse gas emission goals will be analyzed in terms of quantifying the reductions in current emissions footprint of installations that would be achieved with shifting to non-carbon prime energy sources such as SMRs. Actual costs for meeting the energy needs of Army military installations in the U.S. will form the basis for defining the life cycle cost profiles to enable the base commanders to justify long term services contracts. As with any commercial power plant, the upfront costs for construction and startup testing, combined with lower system operating costs, will provide the basis for analyzing required economic lengths of contracts. To navigate the bumps of any new nuclear system, SMR power generating plants must be structured as a “Win-Win” proposition from both private and public sector perspectives. For the private investor, the contract must be constructed to allow for recovery of capital and operating costs by private investors with sufficient return on investment to undertake this type of business opportunity. For the government to engage in the deal, the contract must conform to capital lease requirements for federal contracts, but also demonstrate sufficient savings over existing leased utility services to enable execution of the contract by the military base. A systems approach that addresses life cycle costs at this early stage for SMRs will provide critical insight for Megawatt level power generating systems servicing small towns and communities similar in size to a military base. With the economic framework sufficiently defined to enable public sector commitments, program funding may be more forthcoming for completing SMR development, licensing and permitting phases on a prudent but expedited timeframe.

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Zheng, Changjun, and Liwei Tanhui. "Economic Effect Analysis Based on Public Expenditure." In 2007 International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wicom.2007.822.

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HULÍNSKÝ, Lukáš. "Salaries of elected officials as municipal budget expenditure." In Current Trends in Public Sector Research. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9646-2020-4.

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Remuneration of politicians is a relevant social issue that is worth to research. Salaries of local representatives in the Czech Republic are set by law and their size is in case of municipalities derived by municipal population. At the same time municipal councils are free to choose, how many elected officials will serve full time and get paid for that service and how many will keep their proper jobs or entrepreneurships and serve only part time and get quite symbolic remuneration. This choice may result in substantial differences in total related budget expenditure in otherwise similar municipalities. The purpose of the paper is to describe the system of local elected officials’ remuneration and its evolution since 2010 and to analyse municipal expenditure on elected officials’ remuneration in Czech towns with 10 to 50 thousand inhabitants between 2010 to 2018. A key part of the research is the collection of data from local government budgets, their processing and construction of appropriate indicators. Subsequently, these indicators will be analysed through the basic statistical methods resulting in comparison of the selected municipalities.

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Yong-liang, Zhao, and Gao Ying-xin. "A study of public expenditure deviation in China." In 2011 International Conference on Management Science and Engineering (ICMSE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmse.2011.6070113.

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XU, Guang-Yi, and Xiao-Dan Qiu. "Triple Public Financial Appropriation - A Legal Corruption Hotbed in Chinese Public Expenditure." In 2013 International Conference on Advances in Social Science, Humanities, and Management. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/asshm-13.2013.18.

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Belawati, Yeny Ristaning, Didik Gunawan Tamtomo, and Bhisma Murti. "Meta-Analysis the Effect of Chronic Disease on Catastrophic Health Expenditure." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.04.49.

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ABSTRACT Background: The growing prevalence of chronic diseases contributed to high financial risks of health care. High total out-of-pocket health expenditure relative to income can result in catastrophic health expenditure. This meta-analysis was performed to assess the effect of chronic disease on catastrophic health expenditure. Subjects and Method: Meta-analysis and systematic review was conducted by collecting articles from Google Scholar, PubMed, Springer Link databases, which published from year 2000 to 2020. Keywords to collect the articles including,” chronic disease” OR “chronic illness” AND “catastrophic health expenditure” OR “financial burden” AND “cross sectional” AND “adjusted odds ratio”. The inclusion criteria were full text, in English language, using cross-sectional study design, and reporting adjusted odds ratio. Catastrophic health expenditure criteria if capacity to pay was ≥40% (excluding primary needs). The study population was households. The intervention was chronic disease with comparison non chronic disease. The study outcome was catastrophic health expenditure. The articles were selected by PRISMA flow chart. The quantitative data were analyzed using Revman 5.3. Results: 9 studies from Tanzania, Korea, China, Ghana, and India were selected for this study. This study showed that chronic disease increased catastrophic health expenditure (aOR= 1.94; 95% CI= 1.45 to 2.54; p<0.001). Conclusion: Chronic disease increases catastrophic health expenditure. Keywords: chronic disease, catastrophic health expenditure Correspondence: Yeny Ristaning Belawati. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57216, Central Java. Email: belawatiyeni@gmail.com. Mobile: 082243302740. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.04.49

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Lotko, Ewa. "Method of Incurring Public Expenditure in Relation to New Public Procurement Legislation in Poland." In The XX International Scientific Conference "Functioning of Investments Financed from State Resources and from Other Sources in The Countries of Central And Eastern Europe". Temida 2, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/ipf.2022.10.

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The aim of this paper is to discuss new legal solutions whose implementation may contribute to spending public funds in a targeted and cost-effective manner, obtaining the best effects from the given outlay. This article tries to answer the question whether the new Public procurement law facilitates effective spending of public funds. The conducted analysis includes legal provisions, work of the doctrine as well as data published by the Polish Public Procurement Office. A legal-dogmatic method is the main research method in this paper. The analysis conducted here allows to state that the principle of efficiency under Public procurement law should guarantee spending funds in a targeted and cost-effective manner with maintaining rules arising from the Act on public finance. Therefore, the actions of the legislator connected with the implementation of the new legal legislation on awarding public procurement which promotes greater care for efficient use of public funds should be assessed positively.

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Zhang, Quan, and De Xiang Wang. "Research on the relationship between urbanization and urban public expenditure." In 2013 International Conference of Information Science and Management Engineering. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/isme133893.

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Pietriková, Miriam. "Comparison of Public Expenditure for Agriculture in Selected EU Countries." In International Scientific Days 2022. Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Slovakia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15414/isd2022.s1.12.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Execution of public expenditure"

Molinas, José R., and Aníbal Pérez-Liñán. Who Decides on Public Expenditures?: A Political Economy Analysis of the Budget Process in Paraguay. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008733.

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Over the last decade, every Paraguayan administration has faced greater political challenges and financial pressures than its predecessor. The result has been a chronic fiscal deficit since 1995. This study disentangles the budget-making process in Paraguay by studying the key players influencing the budget cycle (preparation, approval, execution, and control), their powers, and their incentives. The document discusses how the incentives for cooperation affect the conditions for the sustainability of public expenditures, the efficient allocation of resources, and the representative quality of the spending. First the general theoretical framework based on both a transaction cost theory of the policymaking process and the public expenditure management literature is introduced. The authors emphasize the interactions between historical legacies, the overall institutional design, and budgetary procedures as factors that shape politicians' incentives to display cooperative behavior in the elaboration of the budget. Then, Paraguay's historical background, its current institutional framework, and the emerging features of the policymaking process are described. The formal and informal rules that guide the budget policy-making process are also addressed. The analysis is based on the formal instruments (the constitution and related laws) and on in-depth interviews with several policymakers in the executive branch and in Congress. Finally, it is discussed how the generally low incentives for cooperation have created negative conditions for the sustainability of public expenditures, the efficient allocation of resources, and the representative quality ofthe spending.

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Soldano, Miguel, Michelle Fryer, David Rogers, Patricia Sadeghi, Carlos Elías, Salomón García, and Sebastián Vargas. Country Program Evaluation: Nicaragua (2008-2012). Inter-American Development Bank, November 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010502.

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The 2008-2012 Country Program Evaluation (CPE) concludes that the Bank's program was programmatically aligned with Government's National Plan for Human Development and addressed five areas essential for growth and poverty reduction. The one significant omission in the Bank's program from a development perspective was the lack of attention to governance an area identified as a priority for future strategies by the previous CPE. The Bank played a central role in financing the country's fiscal gap over the CPE period, reflecting increased country demand in the context of the global financial crisis. Nevertheless, time constraints limited the Bank's analytical efforts to identify important policy reforms in the first series of three programmatic policy-based loans, resulting in relatively weak policy content in those loans. Even with significant increases in the level of concessional resources allocated to Nicaragua and greater complexity in programming, the efficiency of program execution improved. In terms of developmental effectiveness, project-level results have generally been poorly documented. Furthermore, the Bank has at times overlooked the issue of recurrent cost financing for services initiated under investment loans, leading to the untimely suspension of programs and undermining the effectiveness of the initial investment. In light of CPE findings, OVE recommends that the Bank: (i) undertake further diagnostic and analytic work to delineate the Bank¿s potential role and value-added; (ii) continue to support improvements in the efficiency of public expenditure, including in the electricity sector; (iii) strengthen the measurement and reporting of results at the project level; (iv) identify potential sources of financing for the continued provision of services beyond project completion; and (v) consider allowing D-2 countries access to emergency lending facilities to meet fiscal needs in times of crisis.

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Benin, Samuel. Public expenditure on agriculture and its impact. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/9780198845348_07.

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Fu, Chao, Shoya Ishimaru, and John Kennan. Government Expenditure on the Public Education System. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w26425.

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Lora, Eduardo, and Mauricio Olivera. Public Debt and Social Expenditure: Friends or Foes? Inter-American Development Bank, May 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011258.

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This paper assesses the effects of total public debt (external and domestic) on social expenditure worldwide and in Latin America using an unbalanced panel of around 50 countries for the period 1985-2003. The most robust and important finding is that higher debt ratios do reduce social expenditures, as popular opinion holds. Debt displaces social expenditures not so much because it raises the debt burden, but because it reduces the room (or the appetite) for further indebtedness. Loans from multilateral organizations like the World Bank or the Inter-American Development Bank do not seem to ameliorate the adverse consequences of debt on social expenditures. In accordance with popular wisdom, our results indicate that defaulting on debt obligations does help to increase social expenditures. The main policy implication is that there is no better way to protect social expenditures than to avoid over-indebtedness, especially in Latin America.

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Pinto, Diana M., Laura Giles Álvarez, Gianluca Cafagna, Nuria Tolsa Caballero, and Carola Pessino. Public Expenditure Efficiency in Health Care in Latin America and the Caribbean: Highlights from an IDB Workshop on Public Expenditure Efficiency and Outcomes. Inter-American Development Bank, January 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0007992.

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With the aim of guiding the work agenda on improving public health expenditure efficiency in the LAC region, the Inter-American Development Bank held a workshop entitled “Public Expenditure Efficiency and Outcomes: Application to Health, Challenges and Opportunities for Improvements in Latin America and the Caribbean” in March 2016. This document presents key discussions from the workshop, which brought together professionals in public financial management and healthcare. It focuses on understanding and measuring both technical and allocative efficiency, identifying measurable indicators of inputs and outputs under policymakers’ control, and highlighting challenges and opportunities for improvement, as well as potential priority policy areas in Latin America and the Caribbean.

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Lachowska, Marta, and Michał Myck. The Effect of Public Pension Wealth on Saving and Expenditure. W.E. Upjohn Institute, February 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.17848/wp15-223.

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Johnson, Paul, Rowena Crawford, and Ben Zaranko. The planning and control of UK public expenditure, 1993−2015. The IFS, July 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/re.ifs.2018.0147.

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Braun, Miguel, Emmanuel Abuelafia, Sergio Berensztein, and Luciano Di Gresia. Who Decides on Public Expenditures?: A Political Economy Analysis of the Budget Process: The Case of Argentina. Inter-American Development Bank, September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009171.

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The budget process is increasingly considered key for reform efforts to improve fiscal outcomes. The authors embark on a political economy analysis of the budget process in Argentina, in the spirit of the IDB project "Political Institutions, Policymaking Processes and Policy Outcomes" in order to understand who determines budget outcomes in Argentina. The paper seeks to characterize the institutional framework that regulates the budget preparation, approval, implementation and control. Furthermore, it identifies which actors are involved both formally and informally in the process at each stage, and seeks to understand their incentives and interactions. The findings include the fact that the President has a de facto role that is much more powerful than what the laws and institutions of the budget process stipulate. However, the rigidity of the budget process, together with other constraints such as macroeconomic shocks, fiscal rules, agreements with International Financial Institutions and the influence of other actors such as governors, legislators and lobbies, have limited the ability of the Executive to substantially modify the budget process. The paper includes the analytical framework, and a discussion of some relevant literature on the Argentine budget process; an outline of the political and economic environment in which the budget process has evolved, and an outline of the formal rules of the budget process. Finally, an analysis of the actual workings of the budget process, and how the workings of the budget process are related to fiscal policy outcomes.

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Avellán, Leopoldo, Arturo J. Galindo, and Giulia Lotti. Following Public Finances: The Mirage of MDBs Countercyclicality. Inter-American Development Bank, January 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002305.

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This paper investigates the co-movement of sovereign lending from multilateral development banks (MDBs) and private creditors with government expenditure. The paper finds that multilateral sovereign lending follows government expenditure and that this correlation does not change if governments are running a surplus or a deficit. This finding raises doubts on the feasibility of MDBs to be counter-cyclical, unless the governments themselves implement counter-cyclical fiscal policies.

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