Готові списки джерел за темами / Environmental cost

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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Environmental cost"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 21 лютого 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Environmental cost"

Oyewo, Toyese, Odunayo Magret Olarewaju, Melanie Bernice Cloete, and Olukorede Tijani Adenuga. "Environmental costs estimation and mathematical model of marginal social cost: A case study of coal power plants." Environmental Economics 12, no. 1 (August 20, 2021): 90–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ee.12(1).2021.08.

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An increase in electricity production is proportional to environmental risks due to continuous energy production. The paper aims to quantitatively estimate the environmental costs and mathematically model the marginal social cost associated with the lifespan of the coal power plants. Results revealed South Africa Tier 1 company optimum level of electricity production per annum at around 2.15 gigawatts, considering the emission costs and reasonable profit. 85% of the total emissions during the combustion phase average cost of the C02 emission discharged by coal is calculated as 0.23c/KWh, 0.085c/kWh is calculated for NO2, while SO2 is 0.035c/KWh. Total emission cost represents 69.2% of the total cost of producing 1 MGW of electricity. The results confirmed the company losses to be insignificantly considerable to the evaluated environmental costs and capital investment. However, the use of this newly developed mathematical model depends on the source of energy production to confirm the feasibility and profitability of investment in coal-powered stations using environmental management accounting and marginal social cost approaches. AcknowledgmentThe authors would like to acknowledge the National Research Foundation and Durban University of Technology for financial support.

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SHIMAZU, Yasuo. "Environmental assessment cost." Journal of Environmental Conservation Engineering 17, no. 4 (1988): 232–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5956/jriet.17.232.

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Breslin, K. "What cost environmental health?" Environmental Health Perspectives 103, no. 11 (November 1995): 1010–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.951031010.

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Atkinson, Giles, and Susana Mourato. "Environmental Cost-Benefit Analysis." Annual Review of Environment and Resources 33, no. 1 (November 2008): 317–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.environ.33.020107.112927.

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Betts, Kellyn. "Calculating computing's environmental cost." Environmental Science & Technology 38, no. 22 (November 2004): 432A—433A. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es040667b.

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Raj, Vinod M., and Saurabh Chanana. "Fuel Cost Optimization of an Islanded Microgrid Considering Environmental Impact." Journal of Clean Energy Technologies 4, no. 2 (2015): 120–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/jocet.2016.v4.264.

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Georgilakis, P. S., and E. I. Amoiralis. "Distribution transformer cost evaluation methodology incorporating environmental cost." IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution 4, no. 7 (2010): 861. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-gtd.2009.0638.

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Smail, Heman A., Kafia M. Shareef, and Zainab Ramli. "Environmental Friendly conversion of locally available low-cost materials to zeolite." Journal of Zankoy Sulaimani - Part A 18, no. 3 (April 21, 2016): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17656/jzs.10534.

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سليم, سليم محمد سليم. "Environmental Cost Accounting and Environmental Site in Hotels." مجلة المعهد العالي للدراسات النوعية 3, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 451–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/hiss.2023.252528.

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Epstein, Marc J. "Improving environmental management with full environmental cost accounting." Environmental Quality Management 6, no. 1 (1996): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tqem.3310060104.

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Дисертації з теми "Environmental cost"

Ngo, David, and Frida Shamoun. "Environmental cost of different unit rates." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Kommunikations- och transportsystem, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-129580.

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Flight planning is a large part of the air traffic operations that are presently being conducted. Airlines strive to achieve the cheapest and most cost effective routes for their flights, resulting in aircraft sometimes flying longer routes in order to avoid expensive airspaces with high unit rates. This issue has been an ongoing obstacle for the Swedish air navigation provider, LFV, as some airlines tend to fly over the Baltic Sea, through the Baltic countries, instead of the shorter route through Swedish airspace. These protracted routes result in extra kilometers being flown yearly,consuming extra fuel, as well as imply a revenue loss to LFV and Sweden. The conclusions of this study is that the airspace dodging behavior generate a revenue loss to LFV, totaling approximately 5 032 354 million per year. Should these flights fly the shortest route between their origin and destination, the before mentioned sum would mean an increase in LFVs reported revenue from air traffic control services by 2%. Airspace dodging also results in roughly 380 408 superfluous kilometers being flown and 1 874 486 liters of additional fuel being consumed every year.

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Anderson, Elliot Jordan. "Measuring the Environmental Cost of Hypocrisy." DigitalCommons@USU, 2013. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1703.

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My thesis offers one example of a cost associated with hypocrisy, environmental loss. Hypocrisy is defined as “the practice of professing standards, beliefs, etc., contrary to one’s real character or actual behavior” (Collins Dictionary, 2003). In order to measure hypocrisy two types of data are needed: (1) a measure of a person’s “professed standards” and (2) a measure of “actual behavior.” A study of the various ways in which hypocrisy affects an individual’s entire life is obviously beyond the scope of any single study. Therefore, my thesis demonstrates how hypocrisy, or hypocritical bias, can be measured with a single professed standard and actual behavior, namely environmental concern and use of non-reusable coffee/ tea cups (i.e., cardboard and plastic cups). A coffee or tea drinker who is very concerned for the environment should, if he eschews hypocritical bias, avoid the use of non-reusable cups when he purchases coffee/tea at a coffee shop. Individuals are given a hypocrisy score, calculated as a weighted average of non-reusable cups per number of trips to coffee shop per week and a respondent’s general concern for the environment (0=”unconcerned”, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1 = “very concerned”). A higher score (i.e., greater hypocrisy) is given to individuals who use relatively more non-renewable cups and yet profess to have a relatively higher concern for the environment. Controlling for need for convenience, laziness, and ignorance, in the econometric analysis we are able to isolate the marginal effect of hypocrisy on environmental cost of using non-reusable cups.

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Jung, Munhee. "Is free trade free of environmental cost?" Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/59295.

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The impact of international trade on the environment has been the field of focus since the 1970’s. There have been a number of empirical studies exploring the environmental consequence of free trade but the results are mixed and only a few environmental indicators have been used in place of the total environmental impact. In this study, I used combined environmental cost data which converted environmental impact indicators into US$ terms (the data is taken from World Bank database). Also, by taking advantage of panel data (observations from 60 countries over 25 years) and (two-way) fixed effects model, I attempted to reduce the threat of endogeneity problem. Most importantly, environmental impact which is filtered through the trade induced changes of economic activity was analyzed in parallel with unfiltered through effects. And the results revealed that trade openness reduces national level environmental cost rather than increasing it. Meanwhile, income related technique effect was found to be underperforming and when the full sample was split into four income groups, the income-environment relationship appeared to be closer to N-shape as opposed to the inverted U-shaped environmental kutznets curve hypothesis.
Science, Faculty of
Resources, Environment and Sustainability (IRES), Institute for
Graduate

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Gilmore, Christopher K. (Christopher Kenneth). "Benefit-cost assessment of aviation environmental policies." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/76166.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2012.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 97-105).
This thesis aids in the development of a framework in which to conduct global benefit-cost assessments of aviation policies. Current policy analysis tools, such as the aviation environmental portfolio management tool (APMT), only consider climate and air quality impacts derived from aircraft emissions within the US. In addition, only landing and takeoff (LTO) emissions are considered. Barrett et al., however, has shown that aircraft cruise emissions have a significant impact on ground-level air quality. Given the time-scale and atmospheric lifetimes of species derived from aircraft emissions at these higher altitudes, a global framework for assessment is required. This thesis specifically investigates the global as well as regional implementation of an ultra-low sulfur jet fuel (ULSJ). The expected result from this policy is a reduction in aircraft SOx emissions, which in turn would reduce the atmospheric burden of primary and secondary sulfate aerosols. Sulfate aerosols have both climate and air quality impacts as they reflect incoming solar radiation (and thus provide atmospheric cooling) and are a type of ground-level pollutant that have generally been correlated to premature mortalities resulting from cardiopulmonary disease and lung cancer. Benefit-cost techniques are applied in this analysis. The framework developed within this thesis includes the ability to calculate expected avoided premature mortalities outside of the US. In addition, a monetization approach is used in which different values of statistical lives (VSLs) are applied depending on the country in which a premature mortality occurs. Also, the economic impact of increased fuel processing to reduce the FSC is estimated. This analysis is performed using Monte Carlo techniques to capture uncertainty, and a global sensitivity analysis (GSA) is utilized to determine the primary sources of uncertainty. The benefit-cost analysis results show that for US and global implementation, there is -80% chance of ULSJ implementation having a not cost beneficial outcome when climate, air quality, and economic impacts are included. On average, however, the air quality benefits do exceed the climate disbenefits. In addition, the GSA reveals that the largest contributor to the uncertainty in this analysis is the assumed US VSL distribution, where approximately 60% of the variance in the final output distribution can be attributed to this uncertainty. In addition, a fast policy tool approach is investigated using sensitivity values calculated from an adjoint model built-in to the global chemical transport model (GCTM) used for the atmospheric modeling within this analysis. From this fast policy tool, first order estimates of the impact of ULSJ on premature mortality are calculated.
by Christopher K. Gilmore.
S.M.

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Wohlmuth, Erik Michael. "Situating Cost-Benefit Analysis for Environmental Justice." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2010. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc33215/.

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Cost-benefit analysis plays a significant role in the process of siting hazardous waste facilities throughout the United States. Controversy regarding definitively disparate, albeit unintentional, racist practices in reaching these siting decisions abounds, yet cost-benefit analysis stands incapable of commenting on normative topics. This thesis traces the developments of both cost-benefit analysis and its normative cousin utilitarianism by focusing on the impacts they have had on the contemporary environmental justice discourse and highlighting valid claims, misunderstandings, and sedimented ideas surrounding the popularity of cost-benefit analysis. This analysis ultimately leads to an alternative means of realizing environmental justice that both acknowledges the need for greater democratic interactions and attempts to work with, rather than against, the prevailing paradigm of reaching siting decisions.

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Murdock, John M. "Department of Defense environmental cleanup cost allowability policy." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1994. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA289915.

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Thesis (M.S. in Management) Naval Postgraduate School, December 1994.
Thesis advisor(s): David V. Lamm, Louis G. Kalmar. "december 1994." Includes bibliographical references. Also available online.

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麥永靑 and Wing-ching Sarah Mak. "Cost-benefits analysis of certified environmental management systems." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31254093.

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杜家榮 and Ka-wing To. "Environmental, cost and health benefits of district cooling." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B4257657X.

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Fang, Xinwei. "Improving data quality for low-cost environmental sensors." Thesis, University of York, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/21259/.

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Using low-cost sensors to monitor the urban environment has become increasingly popular, as they can provide better data resolution than current practices. However, these low-cost sensors often produce poorer data quality, and so the data may not be utilised directly without processing. This thesis presents a two-phase solution for improving the data quality of low-cost environmental sensors. The solution consists of a novel method for anomaly detection and removal, and a process of sensor calibration. In the first phase, an anomaly model is utilised to identify the anomalies, which is constructed using a Bayesian-based approach. New contextual information is used to build the anomaly model, that is to the best of our knowledge the first time it has been used for such purpose. The result shows that this solution is more practical and robust than the existing approaches. In the second phase, a systematic comparison of the state-of-the-art calibration approaches is performed. The comparison aims to understand the difference between the methods, and the result shows a regression based method could provide a more predicable result and require much less computational resources. As a result, a regression based method is used for calibrating sensors in this work. In contrast to the existing approaches, the proposed method for calibration is able to systematically and automatically select the calibration parameters. The parameter selection ensures the best set of parameters are used in the model, which makes the calibration process less sensitive to different environmental conditions. The overall evaluations are performed using real datasets. The results show the data quality in terms of general accuracy against the reference instruments can be significantly improved, especially for sensors at roadside.

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To, Ka-wing. "Environmental, cost and health benefits of district cooling." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B4257657X.

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Книги з теми "Environmental cost"

Taylor, Mancuso Randi, ed. Environmental cost management. Hauppauge NY: Nova Science Publishers, 2009.

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Environmental investments: The cost of a clean environment. Washington, DC: The Agency, 1990.

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Rast, Richard R. Environmental remediation estimating methods. Kingston, MA: R.S. Means, 1997.

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Anderson, Dennis. The cost-effectiveness of GEF projects. Washington, DC: Global Environment Facility, 1993.

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Johansson, Per-Olov. Cost-benefit analysis of environmental change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993.

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Emblemsvåg, Jan, and Bert Bras. Activity-Based Cost and Environmental Management. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8604-7.

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G, Willis K., Button Kenneth John, and Nijkamp Peter, eds. Environmental valuation. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Pub., 1999.

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Carlin, Alan. Environmental investments: The cost of a clean environment : a summary. Washington, DC: Science, Economics and Statistics Division, Office of Regulatory Management and Evaluation, Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1990.

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Inc, St Lawrence Cement. Fuel cost reduction study/environmental assessment: Final environmental assessment document. Mississauga, ON: St. Lawrence Cement, 1992.

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The ethics and politics of environmental cost-benefit analysis. New York, NY: Routledge, 2012.

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Частини книг з теми "Environmental cost"

Orsato, Renato J. "Environmental Cost Leadership." In Sustainability Strategies, 121–49. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230236851_6.

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Mishan, E. J., and Euston Quah. "Compensating for environmental damage." In Cost-Benefit Analysis, 97–103. Sixth edition. | Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon ; New York : Routledge, 2020.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351029780-20.

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Vogelsang, Dieter. "Cost of Geophysical Surveys." In Environmental Geophysics, 131–35. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85141-4_4.

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Perkins, Frances C. "Valuing externalities including environmental impacts." In Practical Cost Benefit Analysis, 239–71. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-15186-8_11.

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Harris, Jonathan M., and Brian Roach. "Cost–Benefit Analysis." In Environmental and Natural Resource Economics, 163–90. 5th ed. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003080640-7.

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Harris, Jonathan M., and Brian Roach. "Cost-Benefit Analysis." In Environmental and Natural Resource Economics, 150–75. 4th Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2017. | Revised edition of the authors’ Environmental and natural resource economics, c2013.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315620190-7.

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Schmidtz, David. "Cost-Benefit Analysis." In The Routledge Companion to Environmental Ethics, 685–95. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315768090-67.

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Emblemsvåg, Jan, and Bert Bras. "Environmental Management and Assessment." In Activity-Based Cost and Environmental Management, 23–59. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8604-7_2.

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Lievre, Kevin A., and Russell J. Hewertson. "Environmental Benefits and Lower Cost." In 62nd Conference on Glass Problems: Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings, Volume 23, Issue 1, 119–34. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470294727.ch9.

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Hundloe, Tor. "Whose Need and at What Cost?" In Environmental Impact Assessment, 123–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80942-3_7.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Environmental cost"

Huang, Qiguo. "Discussion on Environmental Cost Accounting and Environmental Cost Control." In 2011 International Conference on Management and Service Science (MASS 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmss.2011.5999271.

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Shults, Roman, Petro Krelshtein, Iulia Kravchenko, Olga Rogoza, and Oleksandr Kyselov. "Low-cost Photogrammetry for Culture Heritage." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.237.

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Culture heritage will always remain one of the priorities of any state. Taking a cultural or historical object under protection is impossible without inventory. The best technology, which allows getting high-quality inventory, is close-range photogrammetry. Unfortunately, the full capabilities of this technology is fully owned by professionals only. The situation changed significantly with the advent of mobile devices that are equipped with digital cameras and low-cost software that does not require any special knowledge in the theory and practice of photogrammetry. These developments have been called lowcost photogrammetry technologies. In the present study, we examined the use of smartphones and nano UAV and PhotoScan software for solve the problem fortifications II World War inventory near the city of Kiev. For qualitative data, the calibration of digital cameras in smartphones and ultra-light UAV was performed on calibration bench. One of the features of this project was the integration of the terrestrial photos and photos captured by nano UAVs. As a result of work performed were obtained 3D models of fortifications. Results showed high efficiency of the low-cost photogrammetry technologies. At the end of work some practical guidelines were provided, how to get high-quality data using low-cost photogrammetry technologies.

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Hsu, K. J. "Cost-benefit risk of renewable energy." In ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS 2010. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/eeia100081.

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Chmurzynska, Agnieszka, Karolina Hejbudzka, and Andrzej Dumalski. "Low Cost Methods Used to Create 3D Models." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.180.

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During the last years the softwares and applications that can produce 3D models using low-cost methods have become very popular. What is more, they can be successfully competitive with the classical methods. The most wellknown and applied technology used to create 3D models has been laser scanning so far. However it is still expensive because of the price of the device and software. That is why the universality and accessibility of this method is very limited. Hence, the new low cost methods of obtaining the data needed to generate 3D models appeare on the market and creating 3D models have become much easier and accessible to a wider group of people. Because of their advantages they can be competitive with the laser scanning. One of the methods uses digital photos to create 3D models. Available software allows us to create a model and object geometry. Also very popular in the gaming environment device – Kinect Sensor can be successfully used as a different method to create 3D models. This article presents basic issues of 3D modelling and application of various devices, which are commonly used in our life and they can be used to generate a 3D model as well. Their results are compared with the model derived from the laser scanning. The acquired results with graphic presentations and possible ways of applications are also presented in this paper.

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Stewart, D. A., and J. D. Templet. "The Cost of Environmental Compliance." In SPE/IADC Drilling Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/18681-ms.

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Imam, Boulent, and Alexandros Kallias. "Bridge scour reliability under changing environmental conditions." In Joint COST TU1402 - COST TU1406 - IABSE WC1 Workshop: The Value of Structural Health Monitoring for the reliable Bridge Management. University of Zagreb Faculty of Civil Engineering, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5592/co/bshm2017.5.2.

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R. Rossiter, James, and J. Les Davis. "Environmental Geophysics - Breaking The Cost Barrier." In 4th EEGS Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.211.1991_026.

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Rossiter, James R., and J. Les Davis. "Environmental Geophysics — Breaking the Cost Barrier." In Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 1991. Environment and Engineering Geophysical Society, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.4133/1.2921918.

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Rodecap, John, and Chad Ingels. "Cost-Effective, Performance-Based Environmental Management." In Proceedings of the 16th Annual Integrated Crop Management Conference. Iowa State University, Digital Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/icm-180809-869.

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Dean, Robert N., Elizabeth A. Guertal, and Adam F. Newby. "A Low-Cost Environmental Nitrate Sensor." In 2020 IEEE Green Technologies Conference(GreenTech). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/greentech46478.2020.9289723.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Environmental cost"

Thomas, Douglas. Cost-Effective Environmental Sustainability:. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ams.100-48.

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Sweeney, R. E. Environmental Impact Statement Cost Summary Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/762949.

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Davis, Lucas. The Environmental Cost of Global Fuel Subsidies. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w22105.

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Custer, W. R. Jr, and C. D. Messick. Department of Energy Environmental Management cost infrastructure development program: Cost analysis requirements. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/219407.

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Wan, Y., and S. Adelman. Distributed utility technology cost, performance, and environmental characteristics. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/72957.

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Silva, E. M., and S. R. Booth. Cost effectiveness studies of environmental technologies: Volume 1. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/79893.

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Berry, Steven, Samuel Kortum, and Ariel Pakes. Environmental Change and Hedonic Cost Functions for Automobiles. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w5746.

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Whiting, Nicholas. Environmental Cost vs. Health Benefits of Radioisotope Usage. Rowan University, September 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31986/issn.2689-0690_rdw.oer.1016.

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Thoms, John R. Environmental Security Technology Certification Program (ESTCP) Validation Tasks. Environmental Cost Analysis Methodology (ECAM) Handbook. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada401814.

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West, Anna, Sharon Kramer, Zach Bar, and Jesse D. Roberts. 2017 Workshop Summary: MHK Environmental Compliance Cost Reduction Strategies Workshop. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1471281.

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