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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Environmental aspects of aeronautics"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 21 лютого 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Environmental aspects of aeronautics"

Coen, Peter, Alexandra Loubeau, Jonathan Rathsam, and Gautam H. Shah. "NASA quesst mission—Community response testing plans." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 152, no. 4 (October 2022): A85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0015628.

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The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has made a commitment to deliver data to the International Civil Aviation Organization’s Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection (ICAO CAEP) defining community response to sounds from supersonic aircraft designed such that their sonic boom is replaced with a soft “thump” sound. The dataset will be a correlation of public perceptions of these sounds to the corresponding acoustic levels and will support efforts to develop international standards for permissible noise from supersonic overflight. The NASA Quesst mission is developing the X-59, a unique research aircraft capable of quiet supersonic flight, and will use the aircraft in a series of community overflight tests to measure acoustic levels of its “sonic thump” and related public response. This presentation will provide an overview of the Quesst mission, including X-59 development, acoustic validation, and community testing with a focus on the plans and technical goals for those community response tests. In addition, results of a NASA-sponsored international workshop on strategies and considerations for key aspects of the community test phase of the Quesst mission, including estimating noise exposure levels and conducting surveys to support the dataset development, will be briefed.

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Haq, Ehsan ul, Farwah Waseem, and Abdul Baqi. "Appraisal of Temporal Variations in Atmospheric Compositions over South Asia by Addition of Various Pollutant’s in Recent Decade." Vol 3 Issue 1 3, no. 1 (February 8, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.33411/ijist/2021030101.

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Atmosphere is an envelope of gasses and aerosols around the planet, 99% of the total mass of atmospheric gases resides within 32km from Earth’s surface in vertical column. From primordial era to current scenario composition of earth endured numerous drastic modifications. In last decade atmosphere had undergone a vigorous change by the addition of many pollutants in both natural and anthropogenic aspects. South Asia is a densely populated; masses here are in a transition state, this developing nation in this region considerably done enough damage to the atmosphere of south Asia by inserting multiple pollutants in atmosphere in a number of anthropogenic activities. These pollutants piled up as a serious danger for people around the globe like Methane (CH4), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Carbon Monoxide (CO) Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Formaldehydes (HCHO) and tropospheric Ozone (O3) etc. “Environmental Remote Sensing” has arisen as a great tool of modern era to get fruitful and precise results to monitor these variations in atmospheric pollutants. The NASA’s (National Aeronautics and Space Administration), Geospatial Interactive Online Visualization ANd aNalysis Infrastructure (Giovanni) system provides access to a wide variety of NASA’s remote sensing data, Variety of environmental data types has permitted the use of Giovanni for different applications to define addition and increase in concentration of various pollutants. Spatio temporal variation of pollutants shows their concentration increased in last decade and in last three years the concentration boosted as compared to last seven years.

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Dyantyi, Noluntu, Adrian Parsons, Cordellia Sita, and Sivakumar Pasupathi. "PEMFC for aeronautic applications: A review on the durability aspects." Open Engineering 7, no. 1 (November 10, 2017): 287–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eng-2017-0035.

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AbstractProton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) not only offer more efficient electrical energy conversion, relative to on-ground/backup turbines but generate by-products useful in aircraft such as heat for ice prevention, deoxygenated air for fire retardation and drinkable water for use on-board. Consequently, several projects (e.g. DLR-H2 Antares and RAPID2000) have successfully tested PEMFC-powered auxiliary unit (APU) for manned/unmanned aircraft. Despite the progress from flying PEMFC-powered small aircraft with 20 kW power output as high as 1 000 m at 100 km/h to 33 kW at 2 558 m, 176 km/h [1, 2, 3], durability and reliability remain key challenges. This review reports on the inadequate understanding of behaviour of PEMFC under aeronautic conditions and the lack of predictive methods conducive for aircraft that provide real-time information on the State of Health of PEMFCs.Highlights: The main research findings are–To minimize performance loss due to high altitude and inclination by adjusting cathode stoichiometric ratio.–To improve quality of oxygen-depleted air by controlling operating temperature and stoichiometric ratio.–Need to devise real time prediction methods conducive for determining PEMFC SoH in aircraft.

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Pöplau, Julia, Sebastian Stille, Thijs Romans, Tilmann Beck, Lorenz Singheiser, and Gerhard Hirt. "The Influence of Process Parameters on the Forming of Riblets during Riblet Rolling." Key Engineering Materials 611-612 (May 2014): 715–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.611-612.715.

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In aeronautics, economic and environmental aspects become increasingly important. As those are very much influenced by the frictional drag of the airplane, a reduction of skin friction which causes a major portion of total aerodynamic drag is desirable. One possible approach for passive drag reduction is the application of riblets small longitudinal grooves orientated in flow direction. Through an adapted rolling process, riblets can be brought into metal sheets on a large scale. For this process a thin high-strength steel wire is wound around a work roll to structure it with the negative riblet imprint. In a subsequent step the riblet profile is rolled into the sheet material. Different parameters can influence the process and the quality of the resulting riblet structure. Those parameters that depend on the sheets sheet thickness, material strength, and composition of the sheet are discussed in this paper. Form filling is used as an indicator for riblet quality. It is found that decreasing sheet thickness is beneficial for form filling, but a process dependent minimum sheet thickness exists for which this effect will reverse. Material strength is found to have a much smaller influence on form filling. Nevertheless, harder alloys seem to need a slightly smaller thickness reduction, but higher rolling forces and pressures to achieve desired form filling. Using clad instead of bare materials has a positive influence on form filling and riblet structuring. Furthermore, riblet rolling does not reduce the fatigue strength of the clad material.

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Jafari, Mostafa. "Challenges in Climate Change and Environmental Crisis." International Journal of Space Technology Management and Innovation 3, no. 2 (July 2013): 24–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijstmi.2013070102.

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Climate change challenges need to be considered in various dimensions. Aviation industry has multiple impacts on human lives such as impacts on the urban and natural environments. Various dimensions of the issue and its importance have been reported by the IPCC, following a request from the ICAO and the Parties to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer in 1999. In this paper different related topics have been investigated. Aviation: Development and Improvement, Climate changes as main environmental crisis, causative source of pollutions: Air pollution (GHGs, aerosol, smoke and particulate, dust), water pollution, biodiversity, hazardous materials, and aeronautical noise. Link between aviation impacts and environmental crisis have been discussed. Different perspectives of the aviation challenge briefly are presented: I- Human dimension, II- Urban environment (local, regional, and global), III- Natural environments (terrestrial, aquatic, and atmospheric) and IV- Birds killed by intervention. In concluding remarks two aspects of the issue, A) benefits, and B) impacts have been considered, and in the end some recommendations have been made on Emissions Trading, Environmental Performance, and Technological Developments.

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Corăbieru, Anișoara, Petrică Corăbieru, Ștefan Velicu, Ioana Arina Gherghescu, and Mirela Gabriela Sohaciu. "Durability Increase by Polyester Coating of Some Quaternary Copper-Based Alloys Parts." Sustainability 12, no. 8 (April 24, 2020): 3485. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12083485.

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The need to increase the reliability of the metal parts and the assessment of the cost-quality parameters of a matrix require big manufacturers to find new technological solutions focused on the following aspects: thin layer deposits, metallic coatings, use of bimetals, and multilayer materials. The coating of the copper-based quaternary alloys with carbon graphite impregnated polyester aims to improve the performance of the metal parts used in the aeronautics, automotive, and railway industries. The goal is to achieve the following objectives: to reduce the rate of premature failure, to reduce the maintenance and service costs, and to increase the service life (the competitiveness of the manufacturing companies is positively influenced by the latter). This paper studies the operating behavior of some copper-based quaternary alloys coated with carbon graphite-impregnated polyester. The influence of the carbon graphite coating is studied in terms of operating behavior, especially aiming to assess the intensity of the wear and the intensity of the accumulated wear. On the whole, proper wear behavior entails the possibility of obtaining an increase in the service life.

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Santin, M., A. Traverso, and A. Massardo. "Technological aspects of gas turbine and fuel cell hybrid systems for aircraft: a review." Aeronautical Journal 112, no. 1134 (August 2008): 459–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001924000002426.

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The objective of this work is to make an overview of opportunities and issues related to the aeronautical application of solid oxide fuel cell hybrid systems. The great interest on fuel cells comes from their capacity of producing electric energy with high efficiency at low pollutant production. The application of these systems as full-time auxiliary power units is an interesting alternative in a future scenario, which is supposed to include a More Electric Aircraft and more restrictive environmental standards. A review of the technological aspects of this application is presented. The physical models found in literature were investigated and the results were compared and discussed.

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Rodríguez, Rosamaria, A. Yarza, J. López-Díez, C. Cuerno-Rejado, and A. Güemes. "Damage Detection on Typical Aeronautical Structures." Key Engineering Materials 293-294 (September 2005): 677–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.293-294.677.

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The paper pursues the exploration of the feasibility and reliability of current damage detection technologies, evaluating their detection capabilities, environmental factors effects, false alarms rate, adaptability to complex geometries, etc. The method to be used is based on finite element modal updating. Three aspects, as outlined below, are covered: testing samples will be aluminium sheets (0.6m x 0.4m x 1.6mm) strengthened with riveted L-shaped stiffeners. Data will be presented from the undamaged specimens. Secondly, the testing of the samples with damage simulated at different places by temporary removal of specific rivets, thus affecting the overall structural characteristics of the structure. The models used for damage identification methods will be fine tuned to properly detect the simulated damages. Finally, using this information, the paper resumes the capabilities of the method to detect and locate the simulated damage.

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Denning, R. M., J. E. Allen, and F. W. Armstrong. "The broad delta airliner." Aeronautical Journal 107, no. 1075 (September 2003): 547–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001924000013439.

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Abstract Aeronautics faces new and increased challenges in the 21st century. These include climate change, long-term fuel supply, traffic congestion, and noise pollution. Radical technological steps will be demanded of the industry in order to maintain a sustainable transportation system. In setting out its ideas for a Sonic Cruiser, Boeing has recently acknowledged that there is a need to look beyond the high-aspect-ratio wing with separate fuselage and podded engine configuration, which it pioneered at the start of the Jet era. This paper sets out the case for the broad delta including its advantages as a basis for achieving higher transonic cruising speeds, with very long range and large payloads, while providing progressive and significantly improved environmental impact. The work is based on concept designs drawing on flight and weight data from the Vulcan bomber and the Concorde aircraft – both pioneering designs, by no means at the end of their technical potential. A broad delta is taken to mean an aircraft of aspect ratio in the range 2 to 4. Not only does such a planform have application to many sizes of airliner, cruising at various high subsonic speeds, but also it is inherently well suited to later application of laminar flow. Wing surfaces undisturbed by flaps and slots and unhampered by very thick wing skins, together with favourable engine inlet locations, could be a basis for improved overall aerodynamic efficiency. Airliners designed for operation in the region of Mach 1 are likely to pose more difficult problems for the aerodynamicist. Designs must cater for both cruise and maximum design speeds, which may encompass the Mach 1 condition.

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Katsiropoulos, Christos V., Spiros G. Pantelakis, Marco Barile, and Leonardo Lecce. "Development of a Novel Hybrid Thermoplastic Material and Holistic Assessment of Its Application Potential." Aerospace 8, no. 11 (November 18, 2021): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace8110351.

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Τhe development of a novel hybrid thermoplastic prepreg material enabling the fabrication of next-generation recyclable composite aerostructures produced by affordable, automated technologies is presented in the present work. The new hybrid material is produced using automated equipment designed and developed for this reason. A preliminary assessment of the application of the new material is made to obtain material properties related to its processability as well as to its strength. A typical aeronautical flat skin panel has been identified and produced using an autoclave-based process in order to assess the potential of the new material for producing aircraft structural parts. Moreover, a newly developed holistic index is implemented to enable a more holistic comparison of the suitability of the materials used for the panel production. The aspects considered for the material comparison are the quality, the environmental footprint, and the cost. The results of the study pointed out that the hybrid thermoplastic material that has been developed represents a viable manufacturing option from an industrial point of view and that its implementation in structural component manufacturing leads to clear cost and environmental advantages.

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Дисертації з теми "Environmental aspects of aeronautics"

May, Murray, University of Western Sydney, of Arts Education and Social Sciences College, and School of Social Ecology and Lifelong Learning. "Unpacking aviation futures : an ecological perspective on consumption, sustainability and air transport." THESIS_CAESS_SELL_May_M.xml, 2004. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/645.

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This inquiry examines aviation futures, within the broad context of sustainable consumption and ecological sustainability. Increasing mobility and rapid growth of road and air transport have been identified as key consumption issues, especially in relation to calls for deep cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Economics and globalisation concerns have dominated recent academic studies of air transport. There is a growing critique, however, of growth-based aviation futures on a range of ecological, resource, security and health grounds. This inquiry adds to that critique. Its primary research aim is to identify and articulate visions and policies for aviation futures within an ecological framework. Analysis of relevant literatures, including those on sustainable consumption, transport and tourism, is complemented by an analysis of aviation and tourism growth trends worldwide, with specific reference to Asia-Pacific and Australian data. A case study of the privatisation and expansion of Canberra International Airport in the Australian Capital Territory is used to provide a global-local link and to address the airport aspects of aviation. The range of visions and policy measures are finally considered within broad consciousness and frameworks strategies for the transition to sustainability. An important conclusion is the strong need for independent institutions such as policy bodies and think tanks - working in conjunction with community groups- to develop and promote policy discourses and futures visions that challenge the prevailing hegemony of the business-political nexus.
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

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De, Serres Martine. "Environmental policymaking for air transportation : toward an emissions trading system." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=112600.

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Aviation is at a turning point. Considerable improvements in aircraft emissions efficiencies are expected through technological improvements, air traffic management, and managerial strategies. But global demand for air travel is increasing at an even faster rate. Mostly for political reasons, aviation has been left behind in international efforts to tackle climate change. However, increasing pressure is on the industry for immediate action, thus making further delays impossible.
This thesis is an attempt to determine the best possible course of action for the industry. To this end, it begins by assessing contemporary understanding of aviation's impact on the environment, and provides an overview of efforts being made toward reducing aircraft emissions. It then examines various policymaking tools available to best address the issue, concluding with an emissions trading system. Finally, design characteristics of such a system are suggested, and used to provide an analysis of the European attempt to include aviation into its own emissions trading system.

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Thomas, Peter W. 1969. "The effects of low-level flying military aircraft on the reproductive output of osprey in Labrador and northeastern Québec /." Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21654.

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The objective of this study was to determine whether low-level flying military aircraft affected the reproductive success of Osprey (Pandion haliaetus), and if so, to determine the optimal avoidance distance to minimize these effects. I studied 49 nests in 1995, and 68 nests in 1996 within the military low-level flying zone. Nest occupancy, clutch size, number of hatchlings, and number of young at 41 days of age were assessed at each nest. GIS flight track records provided frequency of aircraft at given distances and altitudes from the nest. Logistic regression analysis assessed the impact of flight frequency in four distance categories and four altitude categories on Osprey reproduction. The frequency of flights within each category were not accurate predictors of Osprey reproductive output. Nests were then randomly assigned to a buffer-zone radius of either 0, 1.85, 3.7, or to a control of 7.4 km, and reproductive output was compared among treatments, and between years. No significant differences were discovered among the reproductive parameters within either 1995 or 1996, but reproductive output was significantly higher in 1995, likely due to adverse weather conditions experienced in 1996.

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Anger-Kraavi, Annela. "Emissions trading for regulating climate change impacts of aviation : a case study of the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610211.

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May, Murray. "Unpacking aviation futures : an ecological perspective on consumption, sustainability and air transport." Thesis, View thesis, 2004. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/645.

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Harris, Jemma M. "Testing a mechanism for the assessment of operators' cognitive skills in advanced technology environments." Thesis, View thesis, 2009. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/46219.

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Early childhood curriculum is limited when early multiliteracies are insufficiently understood. The purpose of this doctorate is to investigate and document children’s early multiliteracies. Children actively learn multiliteracies, including critical dialogue, through their relationships and interactions within family and community. My goal is to influence early childhood policy-makers and educators to reconceptualise early multiliteracies through examining family practices, children’s agency and critical dialogue, subsequently strengthening pedagogical practice. This reconceptualisation is crucial to ensure engaging curriculum and equitable multiliteracies learning opportunities for all children. The challenge lies in deepening the integration of these distinctive themes within a broad curriculum. Papers contained in this portfolio examine young children’s multiliteracies, at home and in educational settings from theoretical, practice and philosophical perspectives. They present findings from four research projects which respectively focus on early literacy and social justice, internet services, play and literacy, and critical dialogue. These projects primarily draw on qualitative strategies of inquiry located within the constructivist-interpretative paradigm. Three projects involved participants from largely metropolitan and coastal New South Wales in Australia, whilst one took a national perspective by engaging a small number of participants across Australia. My research strategies emerging from an educational ethnographic stance included grounded theory, case study and practitioner research. Methods of collecting and analysing evidence drew on literature, observations, individual and group interviews, focus groups and artifacts. The portfolio brings together the major themes of family practices, children’s agency and critical dialogue. My papers argue for educators and policy makers to reconceptualise early multiliteracies from children’s lived experiences, to strengthen relationships with families and so expand possibilities for all children’s multiliteracies learning and critical dialogue, especially enabling children to critique their social worlds. This portfolio comprises an Introduction, an Overarching Statement, a Record of Research Participation, Evidence of Scholarly Activity containing 11 portfolio papers and Appendices and References. The Overarching Statement outlines themes within this doctorate in relation to literature and examines the directions which shape the portfolio papers. Next this statement identifies and rationalises the four research projects and research events. The strategies of inquiry as well as methods of collecting and analysing evidence are then explained. Next, the contribution of the research projects towards my personal and professional development, and the field of scholarship are given. Finally my future directions are outlined.

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Baldock, Geoffrey Clive. "Some legal aspects of an." University of Western Australia. Law School, 2003. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2005.0119.

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[Truncated abstract] “Open Skies” is the term given to a relatively recent (1992) policy initiative of the United States in its pursuit of the deregulation of international air transportation. It represents the latest in a long line of similar initiatives which the U.S. has been pursuing almost since the inception of the aviation industry. Essentially “Open Skies” is little more than a specific type of bilateral aviation agreement between two nations (and often between more than two nations) which typically provides for open entry on routes, unrestricted capacity and frequency on routes, and unrestricted air traffic rights. The significance of Open Skies agreements is that they appear to encapsulate general world-wide trends towards open economies characterised by a minimum of government interference and a maximum reliance on market forces to allocate scarce resources ... Australia however is not one of the nations seeking to become a party to such an agreement with the U.S. despite attempts by that nation to persuade Australia to do so and the question is: Can or should Australia resist attempts by the United States to bring it within the expanding umbrella of Open Skies, or are there other practical alternatives open to Australia? After examining the history of the development of Open Skies agreements and their international legal foundation, this thesis argues that there are strong considerations of policy and economics why Australia should embrace Open Skies initially at least on a regional basis centred in the Asia Pacific region, rather than with the United States. Implicit in that proposal is the fact that in terms of its constitutional and legal system, Australia has the legal capacity to enter into Open Skies agreements. The parties to such a regional Open Skies agreement might at a later date choose to enter into a multilateral Open Skies agreement with the United States, if economic and political conditions are suitable for them to do so. On the assumption that a form of Open Skies policy will eventually be adopted by Australia this thesis examines the constitutional and domestic legal regulatory framework for aviation within Australia, and the changes if any which would be required to it, if Australia was to embrace such a policy.

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Barcellos, João Alfredo. "Aeroporto e meio urbano: uma análise das legislações aeronáutica e urbanística em relação aos municípios de Campinas e Ribeirão Preto." reponame:Repositório Institucional do BNDES, 2001. https://web.bndes.gov.br/bib/jspui/handle/1408/10334.

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Анотація:

O trabalho busca conhecer a forma como Campinas e Ribeirão Preto trataram o aeroporto em suas legislações municipais. Visa a proposição de medidas que possam minimizar as interferências do aeroporto no seu entorno. Avalia o processo de desenvolvimento da legislação aeronáutica, do aeroporto e seus impactos no meio urbano e do urbanismo, no país e no exterior. Aponta para a incompreensão, por parte dos municípios estudados, em relação às especificidades do aeroporto, bem como a não incorporação da legislação aeronáutica nos seus processos de planejamento urbano. Sugere um aprimoramento técnico dos profissionais que atuam nas prefeituras, a incorporação na legislação aeronáutica de medidas compensatórias dos impactos gerados pelo aeroporto, bem como a constituição de comissões para o gerenciamento das interferências entre o aeroporto e o município.
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Campinas, 2001.
Bibliografia: p. 100-113.
Inclui notas de rodapé.

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Leloudas, Georgios. "Legal aspects of aviation risk management." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80937.

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Анотація:

The thesis in the first part examines the notion of risk and describes the process of risk management with emphasis on the identification of emerging threats to civil aviation and on the adoption of new risk handling techniques.
In the second part, the role of law into the airlines' management regime is examined especially in the light of two prima facie conflicting trends: liberalization of market access and increased State involvement in war risk, safety and security issues. Furthermore, the contractual and tortious/delictual exposures of airlines are being scrutinized and the ways to handle them are being analyzed.
The main objectives are (i) to demonstrate that risk management is not restricted to insurance, but involves a number of techniques and procedures that have the potential not only to minimize risk but also to turn risk into opportunity and value and (ii) to identify the role of law as a management tool in the oncoming liberalized aviation environment.

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Mahashabde, Anuja (Anuja Anil). "Assessing environmental benefits and economic costs of aviation environmental policy measures." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62967.

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Анотація:

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2009.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 157-169).
Despite the recent global economic downturn, longer term growth is anticipated for aviation with an increasing environmental impact, specifically in the areas of noise, air quality, and climate change. To ensure sustainable growth for aviation, decision-makers and stake-holders need to be armed with information on balancing environmental and economic interests. The main objective of this thesis is to address key shortcomings in current decision-making practices for aviation environmental policies. This work demonstrates how the inclusion of environmental impact assessment and quantification of modeling uncertainties can enable a more comprehensive evaluation of aviation environmental policy measures. A comparison is presented between the conventional cost-effectiveness analysis and an illustrative cost-benefit analysis focused on assessing a subset of the engine NO, emissions certification stringency options under consideration for the upcoming eighth meeting of the International Civil Aviation Organization's Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection. The Aviation environmental Portfolio Management Tool (APMT) is employed to conduct the aforementioned policy assessments. Monte Carlo methods are adopted to explicitly quantify uncertainties in the modeling process. To enable the aviation climate impact assessment required by the policy analysis, a separate component of this work focuses on advancing the climate impact modeling capabilities within APMT. Major contributions towards assessing aviation climate impacts in APMT include: improved characterization of uncertainty for NO1-related effects and for aviation climate damages, introduction of a reduced-order methodology for assessing climate impacts of methane emissions from the processing of alternative jet fuels, and comparison and validation of APMT results with external sources. This work also discusses the importance of uncertainty assessment for understanding the sensitivity of policy analysis outcomes to input and model parameter variability and identifying areas of future work. An uncertainty analysis for the APMT Climate Module is presented. Radiative forcing from short-lived effects, climate sensitivity, damage function, and discount rate are identified to be the model parameters with the greatest contribution to output variability for the Climate Module for any given aviation scenario. Key contributors to uncertainty in the difference between policy and baseline scenarios are determined by the nature of the policy. For the NO, stringency analysis, the NO. radiative forcing and associated efficacies are significant contributors to uncertainty in analysis outcomes. Information based on model uncertainty assessment is also used for distilling and communicating key analysis results to the relevant stake-holders and policy-makers through the development of the lens concept. The lens, defined as a combination of inputs and model parameters representing a particular perspective for conducting policy analysis, is applied in conducting the engine NO, stringency policy assessment.
by Anuja Mahashabde.
Ph.D.

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Книги з теми "Environmental aspects of aeronautics"

Air transport and the environment. Farnham, Surrey, England: Ashgate Pub. Co., 2010.

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Die Anwendbarkeit der umweltökonomischen Lizenzlösung auf die Umweltbelastungen durch den zivilen Luftverkehr. Frankfurt am Main: P. Lang, 1994.

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Viikari, Lotta. The environmental element in space law: Assesing the present and charting the future. Rovaniemi: University of Lapland Printing Centre, 2007.

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The environmental element in space law: Assessing the present and charting the future. Boston: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2008.

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Journalistenseminar der Information Umwelt (8th 1991 Frankfurt am Main, Germany). Flugverkehr und Umwelt. Edited by Haury H. -J, Koller U, and Assmann G. Neuherberg: GSF-Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit, 1991.

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Strategic issues in air transport: Legal, economic and technical aspects. Heidelberg: Springer, 2011.

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National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Aeronautics Research and Technology for Environmental Compatibility. For greener skies: Reducing environmental impacts of aviation. Washington, D.C: National Academy Press, 2002.

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Meeting, International Civil Aviation Organization Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection. Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection : fifth meeting, Montreal, 8-17 January, 2001: Report. Montreal, Quebec: International Civil Aviation Organization, 2001.

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Meeting, International Civil Aviation Organization Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection. Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection: Fourth meeting, Montréal, 6-8 April 1998 : report. Montréal: International Civil Aviation Organization, 1998.

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International Civil Aviation Organization. Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection. Meeting. Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection: Seventh Meeting, Montréal, 5-16 February 2007 : report. Montréal: International Civil Aviation Organization, 2007.

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Частини книг з теми "Environmental aspects of aeronautics"

Sanyal, Tapobrata. "Environmental Aspects." In Developments in Geotechnical Engineering, 141–47. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1932-6_12.

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Hamm, Udo. "Environmental Aspects." In Handbook of Paper and Board, 422–45. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527608257.ch10.

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Kumar, Martin, and Simon Cripps. "Environmental Aspects." In Aquaculture, 84–106. West Sussex, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118687932.ch4.

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Real, Luís Eduardo Pimentel. "Environmental Aspects." In Recycled Materials for Construction Applications, 1–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14872-9_1.

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Reddy, Krishna, Lionel Lemay, Amlan Mukherjee, and Jeffrey Adams. "Environmental Aspects." In Engineering for Sustainable Communities, 87–97. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784414811.ch08.

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Bakker, H. "Environmental Aspects." In Sugar Cane Cultivation and Management, 81–86. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4725-9_7.

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Tiwari, Gopal Nath, and Neha Gupta. "Environmental Aspects." In Photovoltaic Thermal Passive House System, 259–82. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429445903-9.

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Aarnio, Markus. "Environmental Aspects." In Cruise Ship Handbook, 81–103. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11629-2_6.

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Peila, D., C. Todaro, A. Carigi, S. Padulosi, F. Martelli, and N. Antonias. "Environmental aspects." In Handbook on Tunnels and Underground Works, 101–18. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003256175-5.

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Freeman, Harold. "Colorant, Environmental Aspects." In Encyclopedia of Color Science and Technology, 1–11. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27851-8_151-1.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Environmental aspects of aeronautics"

Markina, Anastasia, Olga Podolyak, and Elena Kuznetsova. "Environmental aspects of the road transport operation." In 13TH INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE ON AERONAUTICS, AUTOMOTIVE AND RAILWAY ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGIES (BulTrans-2021). AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0099956.

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Nikishechkin, Petr, Artem Akimov, and Anatoly Nikich. "Practical aspects of building interactive environment for user interfaces development and visualization for monitoring and control of heterogeneous technological processes." In 13TH INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE ON AERONAUTICS, AUTOMOTIVE AND RAILWAY ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGIES (BulTrans-2021). AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0101237.

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Hurst, Janet. "NASA Transformational Tools and Technologies Project: 2700°F CMC/EBC Technology Challenge." In ASME Turbo Expo 2018: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2018-77282.

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Анотація:

Advanced gas turbine engine designs continue to push into regimes of higher operating temperatures and increased pressures. Materials capable of functioning under these extreme conditions have been sought by both government and industry. As part of its mission, the NASA Transformational Tools and Technologies (TTT) Project, under the auspices of NASA’s Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate (ARMD), has been pursuing high temperature materials development with the performance goal of 2700°F (1482°C) operation. This goal has evolved into a focused three year Technology Challenge which is nearing its conclusion. This challenge problem has sought to develop high temperature materials for turbine engines which will enable a 6% reduction in fuel burn for commercial aircraft as compared to the current generation. This ambitious effort has included ceramic matrix composite (CMC) compositions, architectures and processing as well as environmental barrier coating compositions (EBC) and processing routes. It has included collaborators and materials suppliers from both industry and academia. The development and validation of thermomechanical models and computational tools for design, analysis, and life prediction have been an important part of this effort. Evaluation of CMC/EBCs included various aspects of thermomechanical testing from coupon testing for strength and creep resistance, to materials evaluation under conditions similar to aspects of engine operation. Simulated engine testing of airfoil subcomponents in a P&W test rig is the final evaluation step following years of materials development. As this three year Technical Challenge concludes, plans are under development for continued environmental durability investigation of CMC/EBC systems accompanied by validated durability modeling.

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Pompidou, Stéphane, Marion Prinçaud, Nicolas Perry, and Dimitri Leray. "Recycling of Carbon Fiber: Identification of Bases for a Synergy Between Recyclers and Designers." In ASME 2012 11th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2012-82106.

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In order to decrease both energy consumption and CO2 emissions, the automotive, aeronautics and aerospace industries aim at making lighter vehicles. To achieve this, composite materials provide good opportunities, ensuring high material properties and free definition of geometry. As an example, for cold applications, the use of carbon fiber/thermoset composites is ever increasing, in spite of a high fiber price. But in a global and eco-friendly approach, the major limitation for their use remains their potential recyclability. Recycling a composite means having a recycling technology available, getting a dismantle solution and an access for the product, and disposing identification plus selection possibilities to the materials. Thus, carbon fibers recovery (i.e. recycling and re-processing) would both help design engineers to balance energy efficiency and cost, and open new opportunities for developing second-life composites, dedicated to the manufacture of medium or low loaded parts (non-structural in many cases). A first section presents an overview of composite recycling possibilities. Indeed, environmentally and economically, composite incineration is not attractive (even with an energetic valorization), let-alone burying. Reuse and recycling thus remain the two most interesting options. Aeronautics offers a high potential in terms of fiber deposit. In southwest France, composites recycling will increase in terms of quantity due to dismantling platforms Tarmac (dedicated to civil aircraft applications) and P2P (for the disassembly of ballistic weapons). In addition, from a technical point of view, and even if end-of-life solutions for composites still remain under development, solvolysis (i.e. water under supercritical conditions) already offers the opportunity to recover carbon fibers. The resulting recyclate retains up to 90 percent of the fiber’s mechanical properties. A second part will explore the recycling to design issue (i.e. how recycling processes have to balance the previous aspects of the end-of-life proposal). The recycler clearly becomes a new supplier in the carbon fiber lifecycle, by revalorizing wastes with alternatives to burning. Moreover, increasing carbon fiber shelf life reduces its product life impact. Finally, promoting carbon fiber end-of-life would ensure to link aeronautics, automotive, and leisure and sports industries; but one can create demand for recycled reinforcement, by packaging it in useful and attractive forms for those end-users (e.g. pseudo-continuous fiber, felt, strips, bands, patches, etc.). These sections will be enlightened by several examples from collaborations between I2M and local industries.

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Connors, Mary M. "Application of Aeronautics Human Factors to Spaceflight." In International Conference On Environmental Systems. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/932037.

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Bolstad, G., M. Khine, B. Benum, A. O. Brubakk, P. DeFrancisco, B. Holand, G. Oftedal, A. Påsche, and H. Ryvarden. "Hermes-Crew Integration Aspects." In International Conference On Environmental Systems. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/901390.

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Furr, Paul A., Conrad B. Monson, William J. Sears, and Fred J. Abeles. "Physiological Aspects of EVA." In Intersociety Conference on Environmental Systems. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/860991.

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Majernik, Milan. "ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS OF STEEL PRODUCTION." In 15th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2015. Stef92 Technology, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2015/b52/s20.026.

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Palamariu, Maricel. "GEODETIC ASPECTS CONCERNING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS." In 18th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2018. Stef92 Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2018/2.2/s09.100.

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Melton, H. Rodger, and Nina K. Springer. "Risk-Based Environmental Aspects Assessment." In SPE International Conference on Health, Safety, and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/111946-ms.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Environmental aspects of aeronautics"

R. Green. Environmental Aspects, Objectives and Targets Identification Process. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/838647.

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Carrick, S. J., M. G. Inghram, R. R. W. Ireland, J. A. Munter, and R. D. Reger. Copper River highway environmental impact studies: hydrologic aspects. Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/1547.

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Thumm, W., A. Finke, B. Neumeier, B. Beck, A. Kettrup, H. Steinberger, P. D. Moskowitz, and R. Chapin. Environmental and health aspects of CIS-module production, use and disposal. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/34355.

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MacCracken, M. C., and J. E. Penner. Under-examined aspects of the potential environmental effects of nuclear war. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6363269.

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Steinberger, H., W. Thumm, R. Freitag, P. D. Moskowitz, and R. Chapin. Environmental and health aspects of copper-indium-diselenide thin-film photovoltaic modules. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/46644.

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Van Hook, R., P. Fairchild, W. Fulkerson, A. Perry, J. Regan, and G. Taylor. Environmental, health, and CFC (chlorofluorocarbons) substitution aspects of the ozone depletion issue. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5293212.

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Pavlicek, Anna, ed. Polymer Nanocomposites - Additives, properties, applications, environmental aspects (NanoTrust-Dossier No. 052en – February 2020. Vienna: self, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/ita-nt-052en.

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Kurzeja, R. J., P. D. Fledderman, D. L. Dunn, and K. W. MacMurdo. Environmental aspects of the June 16, 1995 tritium release from the Savannah River Site. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/224255.

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Fowler, T. K., E. Greenspan, and J. P. Holdren. Code development incorporating environmental, safety and economic aspects of fusion reactors; Annual progress report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/140924.

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Ho, S., T. Fowler, and J. Holdren. Code development incorporating environmental, safety, and economic aspects of fusion reactors (FY 89--91). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6087992.

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