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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "English 14th century History and criticism"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 30 січня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "English 14th century History and criticism"

Tsypina, Lada, and Elena Sobolnikova. "Spiritual pilgrimage in 14th century medieval english mysticism: cognitive schemes and narrative practices." St.Tikhons' University Review 97 (October 31, 2021): 33–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.15382/sturi202197.33-56.

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Gilman, Todd S. "Augustan Criticism and Changing Conceptions of English Opera." Theatre Survey 36, no. 2 (November 1995): 1–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040557400001186.

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The love-hate nature of the relations between England and Italy in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries is well known. Ever since Henry VIII broke with Rome after Pope Clement VII refused to allow his divorce, things Italian were a popular object of satire and general disdain. An ever-increasing British nationalism founded on political, religious, and aesthetic principles during the seventeenth century fanned the flames of anti-Italian sentiment. This nationalism, newly consolidated in the seventeenth century by the ambitions of the Stuart monarchs to destroy Parliament, was intimately connected with English Protestantism. As Samuel Kliger has argued, the triumph of the Goths—Protestant Englishmen's Germanic ancestors—over Roman tyranny in antiquity became for seventeenth-century England a symbol of democratic success. Moreover, observes Kliger, an influential theory rooted in the Reformation, the “translatio imperii ad Teutonicos,” emphasized traditional German racial qualities—youth, vigor, manliness, and moral purity—over those of Latin culture—torpor, decadence, effeminacy, and immorality—and contributed to the modern constitution of the supreme role of the Goths in history. The German translatio implied an analogy between the conquest of the Roman Empire by the Goths (under Charlemagne) and the rallying of the humanist-reformers of northern Europe (e.g., Luther) for religious freedom, understood as liberation from Roman priestcraft; that is, “the translatio crystallized the idea that humanity was twice ransomed from Roman tyranny and depravity—in antiquity by the Goths, in modern times by their descendants, the German reformers…the epithet ‘Gothic’ became not only a polar term in political discussion, a trope for the ‘free,’ but also in religious discussion a trope for all those spiritual, moral, and cultural values contained for the eighteenth century in the single word ‘enlightenment.’”

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van den BERG, JAN. "English Deism and Germany: The Thomas Morgan controversy." Journal of Ecclesiastical History 59, no. 1 (January 2008): 48–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022046907002278.

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The work of the English Deist Thomas Morgan (d. 1743), a Marcion in his time, received much negative criticism in England and abroad, especially in Germany. His views aroused comments in books, dissertations and journals. Only in the first half of the twentieth century was he to be praised by theologians such as Adolf von Harnack and Emanuel Hirsch, who likewise disparaged the Old Testament.

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Valman, Nadia. "SEMITISM AND CRITICISM: VICTORIAN ANGLO-JEWISH LITERARY HISTORY." Victorian Literature and Culture 27, no. 1 (March 1999): 235–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150399271136.

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IN THE JEW IN THE TEXT:Modernity and the Construction of Identity (1995) Linda Nochlin and Tamar Garb noted that although questions of race, colonialism, and Eurocentrism were now prominent in cultural studies, the ways in which the “Jew” had been represented in modern culture remained relatively unexplored (6). Over the last few years, however, exploration of this kind has burgeoned, bringing with it important challenges both for Jewish studies and for English literary history. The nineteenth century has proved a particularly rich resource for such research, and the importance of this period for considering the relationship between modernity and the “Jew” is underlined by Nochlin:

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Wełna, Jerzy. "On early pseudo-learned orthographic forms: A contribution to the history of English spelling and pronunciation." Studia Anglica Posnaniensia 46, no. 4 (January 1, 2011): 25–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10121-010-0010-9.

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On early pseudo-learned orthographic forms: A contribution to the history of English spelling and pronunciation The history of English contains numerous examples of "improved" spellings. English scribes frequently modified spelling to make English words and some popular borrowings look like words of Latin or Greek origin. The typical examples are Eng. island, containing mute <s> taken from Lat. insula or Eng. anchor ‘mooring device’ (< Fr. ancre), with non-etymological <h>. Although such "reformed spellings" became particularly fashionable during the Renaissance, when the influence of the classical languages was at its peak, "classicised" spellings are also found earlier, e.g. in texts from the 14th century. In the present contribution which concentrates on identifying such earliest influences on spellings in Middle English attention is focussed on the regional distribution of reformed spellings, with a sociolinguistic focus on the type of the text. The data for the study come from standard sources like the Middle English Dictionary (2001) and Oxford English Dictionary (2009).

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Yakin, Ayang Utriza. "Dialetic Between Islamic Law and Adat Law in the Nusantara: A Reinterpretation of the Terengganu Inscription in the 14th Century." Heritage of Nusantara: International Journal of Religious Literature and Heritage 3, no. 2 (February 13, 2015): 293–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.31291/hn.v3i2.14.

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This article discusses the inscription found in Terengganu, which originated in the early XIV Century. The inscription documents the laws implemented by the rulers of the time. These texts reveal that the laws of this time came from two sources: Islamic law and customary (adat) law. In other words, the inscription indicates that legal pluralism was already in existence by the 14th Century. Adat law was the principle legal system in place, playing an important role in the archipelagic society at the time. However, there was an alternative system of Islamic law (e.g. stoning as a punishment for adultery) in place for lower social classes. This finding suggests that Islamic law was already in existence in the early 14th century—much earlier than the prevailing understanding of the history of Islamic law suggests. The article contributes by providing the new transliteration from Jawi into Latin characters and the new translation from old-Malay into modern English, which are arguably more accurate than the previous work.

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ROBERTS, MICHAEL. ""Waiting Upon Chance": English Hiring Fairs and their Meanings from the 14th to the 20th Century." Journal of Historical Sociology 1, no. 2 (June 1988): 119–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6443.1988.tb00007.x.

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Davis, John. "A Medieval English Astrolabe Now in Innsbruck, Linked to the Lancastrian Court and with a Chaucer Connection." Nuncius 34, no. 1 (February 25, 2019): 27–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18253911-03401002.

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Abstract A medieval English astrolabe, in an Innsbruck museum and not previously published in detail, is described and discussed. It is probably dated to the late 14th century and is of a size and quality which shows it to have been produced for someone of high social standing. Features of its plates, the calendar of saints’ days, and astrological data are used to associate the astrolabe to the Duchy of Lancaster. Historical events of the period provide circumstantial evidence linking it to Henry of Lancaster (Henry Bolingbroke) and his court. It also provides a link between the “Chaucerian” astrolabes and concurrent “quatrefoil” or Gothic designs which together make up the majority of the corpus of English medieval astrolabes.

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Hindle, Steve. "The Problem of Pauper Marriage in Seventeenth-Century England (The Alexander Prize)." Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 8 (December 1998): 71–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3679289.

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Over the last thirty years the work of historical demographers, spearheaded by Sir Tony Wrigley, Roger Schofield and others at the Cambridge Group for the History of Population and Social Structure, has demonstrated the centrality of marriage to explanations of early modern English demographic change: ‘a history of English population in this period in which nuptiality did not figure prominently would resemble the proverbial production of Hamlet without the prince of Denmark.’ Although their ‘neo-Malthusian’ or ‘neo-classical’ model of population levels kept in ‘dilatory homeostasis’ by negative feedback relationships between living standards, age at first marriage and the proportion of the population never marrying has not been immune from criticism, it is now generally accepted that changes in fertility rather than in mortality account for population stagnation in mid-seventeenth-century England, and for its renewed and rapid growth from the 1730s. Moreover, having flirted with, and subsequently discarded, changes in marital fertility as a proximate cause of fluctuations in the birth rate, Wrigley and Schofield are now convinced that nuptiality was decisive. For Wrigley, ‘the crucial importance of the tension between production and reproduction which affected all pre-industrial societies’ explains why marriage had a ‘significance…far wider than the purely demographic.’ ‘Marriage,’ he argues, ‘was the hinge on which the [early modern English] demographic system turned.’

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Schukin, Timur. "Gregory Palamas’ Criticism of Plato’s Ideas." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, no. 6 (December 2022): 143–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2022.6.11.

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Introduction. The paper focuses on Gregory Palamas’ criticism of Plato’s ideas. Methods. It examines four texts related to the early life of Gregory Palamas, which in one way or another were devoted to the criticism of Platonic idealism. On the basis of these texts, four points are identified on which the saint disagrees with the Athenian philosopher, or rather with the image of Platonic philosophy that existed in his mind (and probably in the minds of many educated Byzantines of the 14th century). Analysis. In his First letter to Barlaam, Gregory Palamas points out the impurity and passion of Plato’s idea, its contamination by accidental content. In the Second Letter to Barlaam, Plato's ideas are criticized for their inability to become a link in the knowledge of God, since they are “empty” universals that precede many things. Such ideas are not the subject of contemplation and cannot become the beginning of reflection. In the “Triads for the Defense of Those Who Practice Sacred Quietude”, Gregory Palamas first of all points out the independence (autonomy of existence) of ideas, their separation from both God and the world. Finally, in the “Antirretics contra Akindynos”, we are talking about the creaturehood of ideas, which again makes it impossible to communicate with God. Results. The paper argues that although polemical attacks against Plato are attacks rather against the opponents of Gregory Palamas, they can also be considered as a way to manifest his own teaching. Gregory Palamas defines himself as a Christian philosopher who offers an original interpretation of ideas, different from that offered by “pagan”, Platonic, wisdom.

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Дисертації з теми "English 14th century History and criticism"

Mair, Olivia. "Merchants and mercantile culture in later medieval Italian and English literature." University of Western Australia. English, Communication and Cultural Studies Discipline Group, 2006. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2006.0088.

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[Truncated abstract] The later medieval Western European economy was shaped by a marked increase in commerce and rapid urbanisation. The commercialisation of later medieval society is the background to this research, whose focus is the ways in which later medieval Italian and English literature registers and responds to the expanding marketplace and the rise of an urban mercantile class. What began as an investigation of the representation of merchants and business in a selection of this literature has become an attempt to address broader questions about the later medieval economy in relation to literary and artistic production. This study is therefore concerned not just with merchants and their activities in literature, but also the way economic developments are manifested in narrative. Issues such as the moral position and social function of the merchant are addressed, alongside bigger economic issues such as value and exchange in literature, and to some extent, the position of the writer and artist in a commercialised economy. The study is primarily literary, but it adopts a cross-disciplinary method, drawing on economic and social history, literary criticism, art history and sociology. It begins with an assessment of the broader socio-economic context, focusing on ecclesiastical and social responses to the growth of … This chapter discusses the thirteenth-century Floris and Blauncheflur (c. 1250), and the late fourteenth-century Sir Amadace, Sir Launfal, Octavian and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight in relation to the commercialised economy and with reference to late medieval thought concerning value, exchange and the role and function of merchants. Geoffrey Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales (c. 1380s) is the subject of the third and final chapter, “Narrative and Economics in Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales”. Chaucer treats commerce and merchants with a complexity very close to Boccaccio’s approach to commerce. Both writers are acutely aware of the corruption to which merchants are susceptible, and of the many accusations levelled at merchants and their activities, but they do not necessarily perpetuate them. Rather than discussing exclusively the tales that deal extensively with merchants and commerce, or that told by the Merchantpilgrim, this discussion of the Canterbury Tales focuses on the Knight’s Tale, the Man of Law’s Tale and the Shipman’s Tale and the way they relate to broader ideas about the exchange and the production of narrative in the Canterbury Tales as a whole.

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Ellis, Robert. "Verba Vana : empty words in Ricardian London." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2012. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/8821.

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Verba Vana, or ‘empty words’, are named as among the defining features of London by a late fourteenth-century Anglo-Latin poem which itemises the properties of seven English cities. This thesis examines the implications of this description; it explores, in essence, what it meant to live, work, and especially write, in an urban space notorious for the vacuity of its words. The thesis demonstrates that anxieties concerning the notoriety of empty words can be detected in a wide variety of surviving urban writings produced in the 1380s and 1390s. These include anxieties not only about idle talk – such as janglynge, slander, and other sins of the tongue – but also about the deficiencies of official discourses which are partisan, fragmentary and susceptible to contradiction and revision. This thesis explores these anxieties over the course of four discrete chapters. Chapter one, focusing on Letter-Book H, Richard Maidstone’s Concordia and Geoffrey Chaucer’s Cook’s Tale, considers how writers engaged with the urban power struggles that were played out on Cheapside. Chapter two, examining the 1388 Guild Petitions, considers how the London guilds legitimised their textual endeavours and argues that the famous Mercers’ Petition is a translation of the hitherto-ignored Embroiderers’ Petition. Chapter three, looking at several works by Chaucer, John Gower, the Monk of Westminster and various urban officials, explores the discursive space that emerges following justified and unjustified executions. Chapter four, focusing on Chaucer’s Squire’s Tale and John Clanvowe’s Boke of Cupide, contends that the crises of speech and authority that these poems dramatise can be productively read within the context of the Merciless Parliament of 1388. Through close textual analysis, this thesis analyses specific responses to the prevalence of empty words in the city, while also reflecting more broadly on the remarkable cultural, linguistic, social, and political developments witnessed in this period.

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Henderson, Felicity 1973. "Erudite satire in seventeenth-century England." Monash University, School of Literary, Visual and Performance Studies, 2002. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/7999.

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Silverman, Sarah Kelly. "The 1363 English Sumptuary Law: A comparison with Fabric Prices of the Late Fourteenth-Century." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1322596483.

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Chaudhuri, Rosinka. "Orientalist themes and English verse in nineteenth-century India." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:737ba2e1-99f4-4abb-ac87-4e344be4d15c.

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This thesis demonstrates how a specific tradition of English poetry written by Indians in the nineteenth-century borrowed its subject matter from Orientalist research into Indian antiquity, and its style and forms from the English poetic tradition. After an examination of the political, historical and social motivations that resulted in the birth of colonial poetry in India, the poets dealt with comprise Henry Louis Vivian Derozio (1809-31), the first Indian poet writing in English ; Kasiprasad Ghosh (1809-73), the first Bengali Hindu to write English verse; and Michael Madhusudan Dutt (1824-73), who converted to Christianity in the hope of reaching England and becoming a great 'English' poet. A subsequent chapter examines the Dutt Family Album (London, 1870) in the changing political context of the latter half of the century. In the Conclusion it is shown how the advent of Modernism in England, and the birth of an active nationalism in India, finally brought about the end of all aspects of what is here called 'Orientalist' verse. This area has not been dealt with comprehensively by critics; only one book, Lotika Basu's Indian Writers of English Verse (1933), exists on this subject to date. This thesis, besides filling the gaps that exist in the knowledge available in this area, also brings an additional insight to bear on the current debate on colonialism and literature. After Said's Orientalism (1978), a spate of theoretical work has been published on literary studies and colonial power in British India. Without restricting the argument to the constraints of the Saidian model, this study addresses the issues raised by these works, showing that a subtler reading is possible, through the medium of this poetry, of the interaction that took place in India between the production of literature and colonialism. In particular, this thesis demonstrates that although Orientalist poetry was in many ways derivative, it also evinces an active and developing response to the imposition of British culture upon India.

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Shannon, Josephine E. "From discourse to the couch : the obscured self in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century epistolary narrative." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=34533.

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Although the letter purports to represent fact, it cannot avoid having a partly or potentially fictive status, turning as it does on the complex interplay between the real and the imagined. Consequently, the main critical approach of this paper is to consider the interactions between conflicting modes of expression in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century epistolary fiction. The rhetorical and conceptual contrarieties that I examine are broadly characterized by the contradiction between the implied spontaneity of the familiar letter and the inevitable artifice of its form. Working with familiar letters by four writers between the years 1740 and 1825, I specifically address various narrative patterns by which each turns to the act of communication to draw upon the experience of an isolated self. Against a background which explores the main developments in epistolary fiction and a historical progression of the uses and significance of letter-writing, I investigate epistolary texts by Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, Lord Byron, John Keats, and William Hazlitt. In turning to letters by each author, I explore the literary, theoretical and especially the psychological implications of the tenuous divisions between fact and fiction. In particular, my analysis stresses that letter-writing is an authorial act in which writing about the self can be understood as a literary form of self-portraiture or creative expression.
I examine this claim---and the metaphors defining it---in two ways. First, by focusing on selected letters, I foreground each writer's language as an agent of internal conflict. In so doing, I am able to formulate distinctive questions regarding the potential of epistolary narratives to transform emotional or psychological schisms into fictions which become explicitly creative texts. Secondly, I analyze the changing nature of the fictions which emerge through this process. My findings conclude that authors' letters must be read, at least very often, as a constituent part of their literary work and as interpretive models of a shifting dynamic of psychological expression.

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Turner, Irene. "Farce on the borderline with special reference to plays by OscarWilde, Joe Orton and Tom Stoppard." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1987. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31949204.

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Ni, Xia Jia. "From imagism to informationism :a study of 20th century experimental poetry in English." Thesis, University of Macau, 2018. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3953521.

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Emig, Rainer. "The end of modernism in English poetry." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1992. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c02149d4-6f3b-4368-b20e-d8e669514ccf.

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'End' as 'goal' and 'limit' is explored in signs, symbols, metaphors, metonymies, and myths in the works of G.M. Hopkins, Yeats, Eliot, and Pound, before the study examines the aesthetics of modernist poetry which - through psychoanalysis, economy, and language philosophy - presents itself as one facet of the 'modernist project'. Modernist poetry struggles with its material, the lacking motivation of signs, the unstable connection of signifier and signified. Already in Hopkins this creates tensions between mimetic endeavour and construction. Appropriation and distancing as compensation strategies prefigure modernism's tendencies of simultaneous expansion and reduction. They produce impasses, evident in attempts to signify the self: absence, dissolution, and submission to myth, recurring limits in modernist poetry. Yeats's poems avoid mimetic tensions by focussing on opaque signifieds of symbols, intertextuality rather than empiricism. Yet the excluded 'outside' in the shape of history questions works and their creator. Again, silence, dissolution, or superhistoricism become refuges, leading to dissolution of symbols into metaphors and metonymies or their sublimation in myth. Eliot's poems seemingly return to realism. Yet their focussing on everyday life disguises the internalisation of reality in psychological landscapes. Difficulties of drawing borderlines between subject and object(s) result: objects become threatening and characters mutilated in reifications, processes expressed in shifts from metaphor to metonymy. Pound's stabilising strategies reify language itself. His personae try to legitimise poems by incorporating histories of others, but produce overcharge and disintegration. Imagism refines modernism's reductive move, but creates monadic closure. Attempts at impersonality and superhistoricism lead to the dominance of the suppressed. Vorticism's construction/destruction dialectic does not tolerate 'works'. Only the ideogrammatic method achieves the shift to signifiers only which enables poems to 'include' reality and history at the cost of blindness towards themselves. Psychoanalysis displays analogies in its holistic concepts and simultaneous internal delineations, its distrust of signs and incomplete and lacking constructs deriving from them. Modernist poetry's struggle with tradition in order to legitimise its existence mirrors the individual's subjection to the 'law of the father'. Individuation is achieved by mutilation; the return to imaginary wholeness preceding it, although Utopian goal, remains impossible; it appears in poems as self-destruction. The economy of modernist poems shows their fight against expenditure, creation of artificial value through symbols, eventually a reductio ad absurdum in poems producing only themselves in reification. Work and subject become borderlines when reality shifts into the text altogether and the signified is eliminated. Language philosophy reproduces the positions of modernist poems towards reality, admitting the separation of language and objects: Nietzsche in disqualifying truth, Wittgenstein uncovering language's impotence. Again the excluded appears as the mystical which Heidegger re-integrates by setting up language as reality's creator and receptacle of Being. The nominalist upside-down turn of his linguistic universe is analogous to modernism's myth of itself. Adorno criticises the closed nature of works as statements and advocates a 'true' modernism in the fragmentation of the work and openness towards heterogeneity. Like Baudrillard, he stresses the riddle of art which permits its orbital position, neither detached from societal conditioning nor completely subjected to it, thus capable of unveiling the relativity of master-narratives. The 'true' modernist poem displays its tensions and 'sacrifices itself in order to remind its reader of the damages of existence.

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Masters, Benjamin Scott. "The ethics of excess : style and morality in British fiction since the 1960s." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648740.

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Книги з теми "English 14th century History and criticism"

Safina revealed: A compendium of Persian literature in 14th-century Tabriz. [Leiden]: Leiden University Press, 2011.

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Twentieth-century English literature. 2nd ed. London: Macmillan Educational, 1986.

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Twentieth-century English literature. 2nd ed. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Macmillan, 1986.

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Blamires, Harry. Twentieth-century English literature. 2nd ed. London: Macmillan Education, 1986.

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Horowitz, Carmi. The Jewish sermon in 14th century Spain: The derashot of R. Joshua ibn Shuʻeib. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University, Center for Jewish Studies, 1989.

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A history of seventeenth-century English literature. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2007.

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The nineteenth-century sonnet. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005.

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Goodall, Richard. Eighteenth-century English secular cantatas. New York: Garland Pub., 1989.

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Sozina, E. K., and V. V. Blazhes. Istorii︠a︡ literatury Urala: Konet︠s︡ XIV-XVIII v. = History of Ural literature : Late 14th-18th Century. Moskva: I︠A︡zyki slavi︠a︡nskoĭ kulʹtury, 2012.

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C, Evans Robert, and Sterling Eric 1963-, eds. The seventeenth-century literature handbook. London: Continuum, 2010.

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Частини книг з теми "English 14th century History and criticism"

Shattock, Joanne, Joanne Wilkes, Katherine Newey, and Valerie Sanders. "H. R. Fox Bourne, English Newspapers. Chapters in the History of Journalism." In Literary and Cultural Criticism from the Nineteenth Century, 193–96. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003199915-42.

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Dufal, Blaise. "Nicholas Trevet : le théologien anglais qui parlait à l’oreille des Italiens." In The Dominicans and the Making of Florentine Cultural Identity (13th-14th centuries) / I domenicani e la costruzione dell'identità culturale fiorentina (XIII-XIV secolo), 87–103. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-046-7.08.

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The commentaries composed by the English theologian Nicholas Trevet at the beginning of the fourteenth century not only bear witness to his connections with Santa Maria Novella. They also testify to the importance of his contribution to the transfer of knowledge about Antiquity and the rebirth of antiquarianism in the Italian peninsula. This essay argues that Trevet’s Scholastic commentaries, presented as an expositio, met the need that Italian intellectuals had of a fuller understanding of classic literature, pagan mythology and Roman history.

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Scodel, Joshua. "Seventeenth-century English literary criticism: classical values, English texts and contexts." In The Cambridge History of Literary Criticism, 541–54. Cambridge University Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/chol9780521300087.058.

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Ayers, David. "Literary criticism and cultural politics." In The Cambridge History of Twentieth-Century English Literature, 379–95. Cambridge University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/chol9780521820776.023.

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Rabinowitz, Paula. "The Future of the Novel and Public Criticism in Mid-Century America." In The Oxford History of the Novel in English, 566–82. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780195385342.003.0035.

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Duke-Evans, Jonathan. "Fair play—the history of a phrase." In An English Tradition?, 22—C3.F1. Oxford University PressOxford, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192859990.003.0003.

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Abstract The term “fair play” emerges in the late 14th century, and already has its modern meaning in the Scottish poet Robert Henryson a century later. By the 1590s “fair play” was well established in the language, with Shakespeare himself a prominent early adopter. For the next couple of centuries “fair play” had a secondary meaning of “free action”, and in some contexts it is not easy to say which was the primary meaning intended. We first find the idea that “fair play” is a particularly English, or British, trait in Daniel Defoe’s writings. This association with being British often goes hand in hand with the idea that the common people in particular live by a code of fair play (in which enjoyment of the spectacle of others fighting was usually an important component). We also first find in the early 18th century the association between fair play and schoolboy culture. After 1800 the analysis is based on the occurrence of “fair play” in periodical literature. The idea that fair play is an English or British trait rose sharply in the second half of the 19th century, but we also find the idea used in new ways: for example, that it requires justice in the way society treats women, the poor, or ethnic minorities. The note of scepticism or even ridicule also becomes more insistent: many writers asserted that a particular situation belied the English or British reputation for fair play, but an increasing number questioned whether that reputation had ever been justified.

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Cheney, Patrick. "Poetics." In The Oxford History of Poetry in English, 83–100. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198830696.003.0005.

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The sixteenth century prints the first treatises in English on ‘poetics’, a branch of literary criticism outlining a theory of poetry. Traditionally, modern scholars understand English poetics to be rhetorical: poetry is a rational form of persuasion. However, sixteenth-century theorists also introduce a counter-theory known as the sublime, first outlined by Longinus, who sees poetry as an irrational art aiming at ‘amazement and wonder’. For Longinus, the goal of sublime poetry is not to civilise the human but to secure freedom from the human: sublime poetry catapults the reader to the godhead. Sidney’s Defence taps into a poetics of sublime freedom, as do other treatises, such as Scott’s Model of Poetry. Consequently, the sixteenth century is the first era to theorise sublime poetic freedom of the literary imagination itself. Poets and playwrights like Marlowe in Doctor Faustus cohere with the theorists by scripting a liberating poetics of sublime authorship.

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Moessner, Lilo. "Summary and outlook." In The History of the Present English Subjunctive, 241–44. Edinburgh University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474437998.003.0007.

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The epilogue sets the book off against previous studies of the subjunctive. It summarizes the main results and derives rewarding topics for future studies from them. The frequency rise of subjunctives in main clauses at the end of the 14th century after its previous decreaseinvites an investigation of this construction type in the following periods. The hypothesis of the importance of the simplification of the verbal paradigm for the frequency decrease of the subjunctive is challenged by the observation that third person singular subjunctives contributed most to the survival of the category mood in all periods. This may be only one of the outstanding features of this form of the verbal paradigm. Changing genre conventions were found to correlate with changes in subjunctive use, and this opens a new perspective for genre studies. The inclusion of the category modality in the definition of the subjunctive allows answers to many questions about subjunctive use, among them its different development in individual construction types and adverbial clauses as well as the role it plays in periods of highly valued modal harmony.

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Schoenfeldt, Michael. "Impractical criticism: close reading and the contingencies of history." In Texts and readers in the Age of Marvell, 17–32. Manchester University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781526113894.003.0002.

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Over the last seventy years, the discipline of English literature has been marked by an unnecessary and largely counterproductive tension between aesthetics and history. For many politically oriented critics, aesthetics was either uninteresting or implicated in the elite practices they deliberately opposed. And for those who focused on aesthetics, history frequently seemed like a distraction from what made the work of art a special kind of utterance, separate from other modes of language. This chapter revisits some of the signal literary engagements in the latter half of the long twentieth century, in order to consider what has been accomplished, what we have left out, and where we may be going next. With reference to writers from Donne and Herbert to John Milton, the chapter suggests, finally, that our analyses have too frequently ignored the decidedly impractical pleasure that emerges from literary activity, and argues that by bringing our own pleasure out of the closet, we can begin to restore to literary criticism some of the visceral thrill that drew us to it in the first place.

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McCormack, Bruce L. "Scottish Kenotic Theology." In The History of Scottish Theology, Volume III, 19–34. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198759355.003.0002.

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This chapter treats Scottish kenoticism as an empirically driven appropriation of mid-nineteenth-century German Lutheran kenoticists. In his seminal work, The Humiliation of Christ (1876), A. B. Bruce is shown to be the mediator of the new German theology. Later Scottish kenoticism is represented here by David Forrest, P. T. Forsyth, and H. R. Mackintosh, all of whom sought to maintain a commitment to the incarnation through the employment of kenotic categories. The development and criticism of kenoticism are considered as it migrated from Germany to the English-speaking world. Questions are raised in conclusion as to the ongoing usefulness of the theory of a divine ‘self-reduction’ or depotentiation.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "English 14th century History and criticism"

Rathouzská, Lucie. "Imaginative contemplation in the 14th century English mysticism." In The Figurativeness of the Language of Mystical Experience. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9997-2021-3.

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In this paper, I focus on imagination in 14th century English mysticism and modern approaches of Richard Rolle’s, Walter Hilton’s, and the unknown author of the Cloud of Unknowing’s concept of imagination. There are several inconsistencies within contemporary approaches to the imagination, affectivity, and bodily metaphors, implying a contradictory appreciation of the three English authors. In this paper, I will discuss criticism of imagination in the mysticism of these three English authors. Moreover, some possible responses will be highlighted.

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Макарьев, И. В. "Friedrich Schlegel's understanding of history in the context of the philosophy of history of the XX – early XXI centuries." In Современное социально-гуманитарное образование: векторы развития в год науки и технологий: материалы VI международной конференции (г. Москва, МПГУ, 22–23 апреля 2021 г.). Crossref, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37492/etno.2021.83.19.061.

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в философии истории ХХ в. можно выделить двоякую тенденцию. С одной стороны, классическая философия истории подвергается радикальной критике (в немецкой философской герменевтике, французском структурализме и постструктурализме, англоязычной аналитической философии), а с другой стороны, она продолжается и развивается в различных концепциях и теориях («столкновение цивилизаций» С. Хантингтона, «конец истории» Ф. Фукуямы). Такая двойственность (критика философии истории и ее развитие) не является характеристикой только нашей современности. Выдающийся немецкий филолог и философ Фридрих Шлегель (1772–1829) в ситуации философской революции рубежа XVIII–XIX вв. постарался соединить эти две позиции в одну, что и стало предметом анализа автора статьи. in the philosophy of the history of the twentieth century, a twofold tendency can be distinguished. On the one hand, the classical philosophy of history is subjected to radical criticism (in German philosophical hermeneutics, French structuralism and poststructuralism, English-speaking analytical philosophy), and on the other hand, it continues and develops in various concepts and theories (S. Huntington's "clash of civilizations", "end of history" F. Fukuyama). Such duality (criticism of the philosophy of history and its development) is not a characteristic only of our modernity. The outstanding German philologist and philosopher Friedrich Schlegel (1772–1829), in the situation of the philosophical revolution at the turn of the 18th–19th centuries, tried to combine these two positions into one, , which became the subject of the analysis of the author of the article.

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