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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Endogenous Trade Policy"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 березня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Endogenous Trade Policy"

Sturzenegger, Federico. "Endogenous learning and trade policy." Economics Letters 49, no. 4 (October 1995): 429–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1765(95)00714-q.

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Engel, Charles, and Kenneth M. Kletzer. "Trade policy under endogenous credibility." Journal of Development Economics 36, no. 2 (October 1991): 213–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3878(91)90033-r.

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Silva Junior, Geraldo Edmundo. "Brazilian endogenous trade policy: 1991-1998." Revista de Economia Contemporânea 15, no. 3 (December 2011): 483–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1415-98482011000300005.

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This paper presents an empirical contribution to the identification of Grossman-Helpman's "Protection for Sale" parameters model for Brazilian trade policy, based on robust estimations techniques, which means the use of instrumental variables in a 2SLS for Generalized Method of Moments and Limited Information Maximum Likelihood methods for weak instruments with corrections of size tests, in order to correct endogenous bias. The results suggest that the political economy of Brazil's trade policy is an outlier in international comparisons, as the identification of structural parameters for Protection for Sale model shows a low part of population represented by an interest group and low weight of the welfare function.

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Baldwin, Richard E., and Rikard Forslid. "Incremental trade policy and endogenous growth:." Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control 23, no. 5-6 (April 1999): 797–822. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-1889(98)00044-x.

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Limão, Nuno, and Arvind Panagariya. "Inequality and endogenous trade policy outcomes." Journal of International Economics 72, no. 2 (July 2007): 292–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinteco.2006.07.004.

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Krishna, Kala, and Ling Hui Tan. "Trade policy with endogenous entry revisited." Journal of International Economics 80, no. 2 (March 2010): 271–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinteco.2009.10.003.

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Mayer, Wolfgang, and Raymond G. Riezman. "Endogenous choice of trade policy instruments." Journal of International Economics 23, no. 3-4 (November 1987): 377–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1996(87)90063-8.

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Lapham, Beverly, and Roger Ware. "A dynamic model of endogenous trade policy." Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique 34, no. 1 (February 2001): 225–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0008-4085.00072.

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Goering, Gregory E., and Michael K. Pippenger. "STRATEGIC TRADE POLICY WITH ENDOGENOUS PRODUCT DURABILITY." International Trade Journal 16, no. 2 (May 2002): 181–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08853900252901413.

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Konishi, Hideo, Kamal Saggi, and Shlomo Weber. "Endogenous trade policy under foreign direct investment." Journal of International Economics 49, no. 2 (December 1999): 289–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-1996(98)00066-x.

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Дисертації з теми "Endogenous Trade Policy"

Nguyen, Minh Ha. "Endogenous growth, international trade and the environment." Title page, abstract and table of contents only, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/37948.

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Анотація:

We develop a dynamic model that explicitly considers the trans-boundary pollution problem between two asymmetric countries. We found that the countries will enjoy higher long run growth rates and a higher environmental quality when they coordinate their environmental policies. Furthermore, the two countries suffer more heavily not cooperating with each other when their attitudes towards a cleaner environment differ greatly. The implication is that despite the inherent differences in their development level and in their environmental attitudes, developed and developing countries are strongly encouraged to cooperate environmentally. In the second part of the thesis, we turn the focus to the role of international trade in relation to economic growth and the environment. We found that the long run growth rates of the countries are lower when they engage in international trade, no matter whether the environmental externality is internalised or not. The impact of trade on welfare however is ambiguous.
Thesis (M.Ec.)--School of Economics, 2004.

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Craven, Mackey. "Empirical and theoretical observations in trade secrecy : statutory prescriptions and endogenous growth." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/106722.

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Анотація:

Thesis (S.M. in Technology and Policy)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, Technology and Policy Program, 2010.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p.112-115 ).
Recent scholarship has suggested that trade secrecy may be as important, if not more important, than patenting as an intellectual property protection mechanism in the United States economy. While patent protection has always been an institution in the United States as a result of its inclusion in the Constitution, trade secret protection has only been statutorily recognized by the federal government in the last half-century. Similarly, while there has been extensive theoretical and empirical research on the incentives patent protection creates for firms to innovate, and the resulting effects on economic growth, there have been comparatively few theoretical studies and only a handful of empirical papers investigating the effects of trade secrecy. This leaves policy makers with little to no understanding of the effects of trade secrecy on the economy or how to influence trade secrecy through policy. This thesis provides insight into the second question by investigating the effect of implementing statutory trade secret law on patent application and trade secrecy litigation rates. Specifically, this thesis performs a difference in difference analysis on the implementation of the Pennsylvania Uniform Trade Secrets Act with respect to the above metrics. While the effect of trade secret litigation is inconclusive, this thesis finds that patent application rates and the rate of growth of patent applications decrease in response to the implementation of statutory trade secret law. This implies a theorized, but never before measured, substitution effect between patents and trade secrets. In addition, this shows that the level of trade secret protection can be influenced by policymakers through statutory law. When combined with an empirical study on the welfare effects of trade secret protection, this thesis will give policymakers a reference point from which to consider the benefits of further statutory trade secret law.
by Mackey Craven.
S.M.in Technology and Policy

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Parrado, Moscoso Ramiro Fernando <1971&gt. "Climate change policies and endogenous technical change in a general equilibrium modelling framework : trade spillovers, knowledge stocks and rebound effects." Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/1169.

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Анотація:

This work is structured into three chapters, each one exploring the effectiveness of climate policies considering the formulation of endogenous technical change (ETC) from different perspectives. Including ETC in a computable general equilibrium model allows combining important feedback mechanisms that may affect the final outcome of a climate policy. The first chapter considers ETC specifically as biased-technical change in the form of trade-embodied international technology spillovers, restricted to imports of machinery and equipment. The second chapter improves the representation of ETC by building sector-specific stocks of knowledge, which accumulate thanks to investments in R&D. The third chapter focuses on the rebound effect by means of the improved ETC model described in the previous chapter.
Diviso in tre capitoli, questo lavoro esplora l’effettività delle politiche climatiche in relazione al tema del progresso tecnico endogeno (ETC), sotto varie prospettive. L’inclusione dell’ETC in un modello di equilibrio economico generale consente la combinazione di importanti meccanismi di feedback in grado di incidere sul risultato finale di una politica climatica. Il primo capitolo elabora il progresso tecnico nella forma di spillovers tecnologici derivanti dal commercio internazionale di macchinari e di capitale. Il secondo capitolo presenta una più completa rappresentazione dell’ETC introducendo nel modello degli stock di conoscenza specifici per ogni settore, accumulabili tramite investimenti in ricerca e sviluppo. Il terzo capitolo, partendo dal modello ETC sviluppato nel capitolo precedente, si concentra sui cosiddetti effetti di rebound.

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Mann, Samuel. "Essays in international macroeconomics and finance." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/279973.

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This collection of essays examines the topic of macroeconomic stabilisation in an international context, focusing on monetary policy, capital controls and exchange rates. Chapter 1, written in collaboration with Giancarlo Corsetti and Joao Duarte, reconsiders the effects of common monetary policy shocks across countries in the euro area, using a data-rich factor model and identifying shocks with high-frequency surprises around policy announcements. We show that the degree of heterogeneity in the response to shocks, while being low in financial variables and output, is significant in consumption, consumer prices and macro variables related to the labour and housing markets. Mirroring country-specific institutional and market differences, we find that home ownership rates are significantly correlated with the strength of the housing channel in monetary policy transmission. We document a high dispersion in the response to shocks of house prices and rents and show that, similar to responses in the US, these variables tend to move in different directions. In Chapter 2, I build a two-country, two-good model to examine the welfare effects of capital controls, finding that under certain circumstances, a shut-down in asset trade can be a Pareto improvement. Further, I examine the robustness of the result to parameter changes, explore a wider set of policy instruments and confront computational issues in this class of international macroeconomic models. I document that within an empirically relevant parameter span for the trade elasticity, the gains from capital controls might be significantly larger than suggested by previous contributions. Moreover, I establish that a refined form of capital controls in the shape of taxes and tariffs cannot improve upon the outcome under financial autarky. Finally, results show that the conjunction of pruning methods and endogenous discount factors can remove explosive behaviour from this class of models and restore equilibrating properties. In Chapter 3, I use a panel of 20 emerging market currencies to assess whether a model that combines fundamental and non-fundamental exchange rate forecasting approaches can successfully predict risk premia (i.e. currency excess returns) over the short horizon. In doing so, I aim to overcome three main shortcomings of earlier research: i) Sensitivity to the chosen sample period; ii) seemingly arbitrary selection of explanatory variables that differs from currency to currency; and iii) difficulty in interpreting forecasts beyond the numerical signal. Based on a theoretical model of currency risk premia, I use real exchange rate strength combined with indicators for carry, momentum and economic sentiment to homogeneously forecast risk premia across all 20 currencies in the sample at a monthly frequency. In doing so, the model remains largely agnostic about structural choices, keeping arbitrarily imposed restrictions to a minimum. Results from portfolio construction suggest that returns are significant and robust both across currencies as well as over time, with Sharpe Ratios in out-of-sample tests above 0.7.

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PIRIU, ANDREEA ALEXANDRA. "ESSAYS ON GLOBALISATION: EFFECTS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR INDIVIDUALS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/728739.

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This thesis studies the effects of import competition from China and Eastern Europe on the health and fertility decisions of German individuals working in manufacturing. Individuals are matched with separate measures of exposure to competition from China and Eastern Europe, respectively. To isolate exogenous supply shocks from the origin, instrumental variables for competition from each of China and Eastern Europe are constructed. Results in Chapter 1 suggest that higher import competition worsens individual health via job displacement, wage decline, shortened employment duration, increased reliance on welfare and less future orientation, with Chinese import competition affecting individuals twice as much. Health declines as individuals increase their visits to the doctor, exercise less frequently and have a higher probability of developing chronic illness. Also, there is some evidence that individuals do not tend to become disabled but may be slowly pushed into chronic illness. Findings in Chapter 2 show that import competition negatively affects the individual’s probability of having children via reduced earnings, lower satisfaction with personal income and shortened employment duration. The chapter then investigates effects of import exposure by gender. Results show that male and female fertility choices differ upon rising import competition. Higher import exposure lowers female earnings and job autonomy, which in turn generates a lower opportunity cost of work, to the point where having children would become a more rewarding alternative for female workers. By contrast, increased import exposure negatively affects male workers’ fertility through reduced earnings and employment duration.

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"The gain from trade of a small open monetary economy with endogenous labor supply." 2003. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5891583.

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Анотація:

Chan Yeung.
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2003.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 56-57).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter 2 --- "Literature reviews, contributions of this thesis and the comparison"
Chapter 2.1 --- Literature reviews
Chapter 2.11 --- Endogenous labor supply models --- p.3
Chapter 2.12 --- The CIA models --- p.12
Chapter 2.2 --- Contributions of this thesis and the comparison --- p.17
Chapter 3 --- The Model --- p.20
Chapter 4 --- "Trade restrictions, welfare and employment"
Chapter 4.1 --- Tariff and welfare --- p.26
Chapter 4.2 --- Tariff and employment --- p.30
Chapter 4.3 --- Comparing welfare and employment effects --- p.31
Chapter 4.4 --- "Quotas, welfare, employment and price level" --- p.32
Chapter 5 --- Optimal tariffs --- p.33
Chapter 6 --- Indirect taxation and welfare --- p.40
Chapter 7 --- Conclusion --- p.43
Appendix
Appendix A: Determine the sign of Δ --- p.45
Appendix B: Derivation of equation (4.2) --- p.45
Appendix C: Derivation of equation (4.3) --- p.47
"Appendix D: Quotas, welfare,employment and price level" --- p.48
Appendix E: The derivation of optimal tariff --- p.50
Appendix F: Optimal consumption tax and wage subsidy --- p.53

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Wu, Chung-Hsin, and 吳忠信. "Trade Policy on Substitutes and Complements in Differentiated Duopoly ：The Case with Endogenous Strategic Variables between Firms." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58738977442090698010.

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Marvasi, Enrico. "Essays on International Trade and Product Differentiation." Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1220797.

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Анотація:

The first chapter discusses the main issues of some methodologies that are commonly used in order to deal with unit values and product differentiation, while not observing product prices. An original framework is developed and some new indicators are proposed. The second chapter provides an empirical investigation on the China’s peculiar position in the world trade with a specific focus on intermediate products and quality differentiation. Some of the methodologies discussed in the first chapter of the thesis are also applied. The third chapter presents a theoretical model of trade policy under product differentiation and intra-industry trade. In particular, the model I develop focuses on the possibility of having sectoral lobbies who organize and demand protection from the government.

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Книги з теми "Endogenous Trade Policy"

Engel, Charles. Trade policy under endogenous credibility. New Haven, Conn. (Box 1987, Yale Station, New Haven 06520): Economic Growth Center, Yale University, 1987.

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Dutt, Pushan. Political ideology and endogenous trade policy: An empirical investigation. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2002.

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Horstmann, Ignatius J. Endogenous market structures in international trade. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1990.

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Clarida, Richard H. Endogenous comparative advantage, government, and the pattern of trade. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1991.

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Olarreaga, M. Foreign-owned capital and endogenous tariffs. Washington, DC: World Bank, Development Research Group, Trade, 1999.

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Baldwin, Richard E. Incremental trade policy and endogenous growth: A q-theory approach. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1998.

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Aizenman, Joshua. Endogenous financial openness: Efficiency and political economy considerations. Cambridge, Mass: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2003.

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Zhou, Dongsheng. Strategic trade policy with endogenous choice of quality and asymmetric costs. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2000.

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Arvan, Lanny David. Flexibility versus commitment in strategic trade policy under uncertainty: A model of endogenous policy leadership. [Urbana, Ill.]: College of Commerce and Business Administration, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1990.

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Trefler, Daniel. Trade liberalization and the theory of endogenous protection: An econometric study of U.S. import policy. Toronto: Dept. of Economics, Institute for Policy Analysis, University of Toronto, 1990.

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Частини книг з теми "Endogenous Trade Policy"

Taylor, M. Scott, and Neil Vousden. "Trade and Trade Policy in Endogenous Growth Models." In International Trade Policy and the Pacific Rim, 321–47. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-14543-0_15.

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Zagler, Martin. "Protectionism, Trade and Growth." In Endogenous Growth, Market Failures and Economic Policy, 113–28. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-27129-0_7.

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Gandolfo, Giancarlo. "Endogenous Growth and Trade, Old and New." In International Trade Theory and Policy, 303–8. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61680-8_16.

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Ochoa, Orlando A. "The Impact of Government Policy on Output Growth Across OECD Manufacturing." In Growth, Trade and Endogenous Technology, 124–47. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230377783_7.

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Das, Satya P. "Endogenous Distribution and the Political Economy of Trade Policy." In International Economic Policies in a Globalized World, 9–33. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17134-5_2.

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Ohkawa, Takao, Makoto Okamura, and Makoto Tawada. "Endogenous Timing in Trade Policy Under the Three-Country Model." In New Frontiers in Regional Science: Asian Perspectives, 71–94. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55621-3_5.

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Edwards, T. Huw. "Good Times and Bad Times, with Endogenous Trade Policy Responses." In Globalization, 75–101. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49502-5_4.

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Sarkar, Prabirjit. "Endogenous Technical Progress and North-South Terms of Trade: Modelling the Ideas of Prebisch and Singer on the Lines of Kalecki-Kaldor." In Development Economics and Policy, 249–57. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-26769-9_13.

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Greenaway, David, and Douglas R. Nelson. "The Distinct Political Economies of Trade and Migration Policy: Through the Window of Endogenous Policy Models, with a Focus on North America." In Labor Mobility and the World Economy, 295–327. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-31045-7_20.

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"Foreign Investment with Endogenous Protection." In Interest Groups and Trade Policy, 233–56. Princeton University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv15r579v.11.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Endogenous Trade Policy"

Dodder, Rebecca, Tyler Felgenhauer, William Yelverton, and Carey King. "Water and Greenhouse Gas Tradeoffs Associated With a Transition to a Low Carbon Transportation System." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-63991.

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Transportation fuels are heavily dominated by the use of petroleum, but concerns over oil depletion (e.g., peak oil), energy security, and greenhouse gas emissions from petroleum combustion are driving the search for alternatives. As we look to shift away from petroleum-based transportation fuels, most options consume and withdraw more water during their life cycle. Thus, shifting to alternative fuel and energy supplies for transportation will likely increase water use for the transportation sector. Previous work suggests that water consumption for transportation could reach 10% of total U.S. water consumption when meeting the Federal Renewable Fuels Standard mandate at modest irrigation levels for feedstock crops (corn, cellulosic grasses) in combination with other alternative fuels and vehicle technologies (electric vehicles, natural gas vehicles, etc.), but more refined analysis is needed. It is important to understand when and where these new water demands for transportation are anticipated to occur. This paper presents results from simulations of the U.S. 9-region (EPAUS9r) MARKAL (MARKet ALlocation) integrated energy systems model for mapping the changes in water withdrawal and consumption during a transition to a low carbon-emitting U.S. transportation fleet. The advantage of using a bottom-up, multi-sector model like MARKAL is the ability to look at consistent scenarios for the full energy system, and endogenously capture interactions between different sectors (e.g. electric power production, biorefineries, and the LDV fleet). MARKAL can simulate a baseline scenario driven by assumptions for biomass feedstock and fossil resource costs and availability, as well as the costs of converting those resources to liquid fuels and electricity. We investigate alternative scenarios both with and without carbon constraints, while varying the pace of vehicle electrification. We compare these scenarios to assess regional differences in water needs as well as aggregate water demand for transportation energy, and how those trade off against greenhouse gas emissions reductions. Our results indicate that the regional water demands and interregional transfers of embodied water could be significant as the light-duty vehicle fleet moves away from petroleum-based fuels, with exports of embodied water on the order of hundreds of billion gallons of water per year for ethanol coming from the Midwest. Interregional transfers of water embodied in electricity may also reach tens of billion gallons of water per year. However, these water requirements will vary substantially based on the light-duty vehicle mix, carbon policy, electric power generation mix, biofuel production levels, and feedstock characteristics.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Endogenous Trade Policy"

Engel, Charles, and Kenneth Kletzer. Trade Policy under Endogenous Credibility. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w2449.

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Dutt, Pushan, and Devashish Mitra. Political Ideology and Endogenous Trade Policy: An Empirical Investigation. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w9239.

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Zhou, Dongsheng, Barbara Spencer, and Ilan Vertinsky. Strategic Trade Policy with Endogenous Choice of Quality and Asymmetric Costs. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, February 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w7536.

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Kimhi, Ayal, Barry Goodwin, Ashok Mishra, Avner Ahituv, and Yoav Kislev. The dynamics of off-farm employment, farm size, and farm structure. United States Department of Agriculture, September 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7695877.bard.

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Анотація:

Objectives: (1) Preparing panel data sets for both the United States and Israel that contain a rich set of farm attributes, such as size, specialization, and output composition, and farmers’ characteristics such as off-farm employment status, education, and family composition. (2) Developing an empirical framework for the joint analysis of all the endogenous variables of interest in a dynamic setting. (3) Estimating simultaneous equations of the endogenous variables using the panel data sets from both countries. (4) Analyzing, using the empirical results, the possible effects of economic policies and institutional changes on the dynamics of the farm sector. An added objective is analyzing structural changes in farm sectors in additional countries. Background: Farm sectors in developed countries, including the U.S. and Israel, have experienced a sharp decline in their size and importance during the second half of the 20th century. The overall trend is towards fewer and larger farms that rely less on family labor. These structural changes have been a reaction to changes in technology, in government policies, and in market conditions: decreasing terms of trade, increasing alternative opportunities, and urbanization pressures. As these factors continue to change, so does the structure of the agricultural sector. Conclusions: We have shown that all major dimensions of structural changes in agriculture are closely interlinked. These include farm efficiency, farm scale, farm scope (diversification), and off-farm labor. We have also shown that these conclusions hold and perhaps even become stronger whenever dynamic aspects of structural adjustments are explicitly modeled using longitudinal data. While the results vary somewhat in the different applications, several common features are observed for both the U.S. and Israel. First, the trend towards the concentration of farm production in a smaller number of larger farm enterprises is likely to continue. Second, at the micro level, increased farm size is negatively associated with increased off-farm labor, with the causality going both ways. Third, the increase in farm size is mostly achieved by diversifying farm production into additional activities (crops or livestock). All these imply that the farm sector converges towards a bi-modal farm distribution, with some farms becoming commercial while the remaining farm households either exit farming altogether or continue producing but rely heavily on off-farm income. Implications: The primary scientific implication of this project is that one should not analyze a specific farm attribute in isolation. We have shown that controlling for the joint determination of the various farm and household attributes is crucial for obtaining meaningful empirical results. The policy implications are to some extent general but could be different in the two countries. The general implication is that farm policy is an important determinant of structural changes in the farm sector. For the U.S., we have shown the different effects of coupled and decoupled (direct) farm payments on the various farm attributes, and also shown that it is important to take into account the joint farm-household decisions in order to conduct a meaningful policy analysis. Only this kind of analysis explains the indirect effect of direct farm payments on farm production decisions. For Israel, we concluded that farm policy (or lack of farm policy) has contributed to the fast structural changes we observed over the last 25 years. The sharp change of direction in farm policy that started in the early 1980s has accelerated structural changes that could have been smoother otherwise. These accelerated structural changes most likely lead to welfare losses in rural areas.

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