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Готові списки джерел за темами / Endangered plants

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Endangered plants"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 3 березня 2023

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Статті в журналах
Дисертації
Книги
Частини книг
Тези доповідей конференцій
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Статті в журналах з теми "Endangered plants":

1

Allen, William H. "Reintroduction of Endangered Plants." BioScience 44, no. 2 (February 1994): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1312203.

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2

Maunder, Mike, and Simon C. Cropper. "Management of Endangered Plants." Kew Bulletin 50, no. 2 (1995): 429. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4110653.

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3

Willis, Arthur J. "Endangered plants in Iran." New Phytologist 149, no. 2 (February 2001): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2001.00043-3.x.

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4

Nelson, Jim. "Conference on Endangered Plants." Brittonia 38, no. 1 (January 1986): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02806761.

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5

Al Thani, Noora Jabor. "Endangered wild plants in Qatar." Qatar Foundation Annual Research Forum Proceedings, no. 2010 (December 13, 2010): EEP10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5339/qfarf.2010.eep10.

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6

IWATSUKI, Kunio. "Endangered vascular plants in Japan." Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Series B 84, no. 8 (2008): 275–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2183/pjab.84.275.

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7

Subbaiyan, B., P. Samydurai, M. Karthik Prabu, R. Ramakrishnan, and V. Thangapandian. "Inventory of Rare, Endangered and Threatened (RET) Plant Species in Maruthamalai Hills, Western Ghats of Tamilnadu, South India." Our Nature 12, no. 1 (March 3, 2015): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/on.v12i1.12255.

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The present study deal with identification of rare, endanger and threatened plants in Maruthamalai Hills, part of Southern Western Ghats of Coimbatore District, Tamilnadu. In this investigation 30 rare, endangered and threatened (RET) plant species belongs to 15 families were identified and documented. Names of plants and RET category was gathered from IUCN annual reports and standard research articles. Enumerated plants were categorized in rare, endangered, endemic and threatened, species such as Caralluma bicolor, Terminalia arjuna, Ceropegia juncea, Rubia cordifolia, Celastrus paniculatus, Gloriosa suberpa, Gymnema sylvestres and so on. Finally it has been suggested that the RET medicinal plants are need to be proper conservation and management plans before it lost forever. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/on.v12i1.12255Our Nature (2014), 12(1): 37-43.

8

Zhu, Hongjuan, Dan He, Xialan Cheng, Liufeng Chen, Zhenyuan Zhang, Yi Tang, Jing Yu, and Dongmei Yang. "Unveiling Distribution Patterns and Community Characteristics of Rare and Endangered Plants in the Sanya River Basin, China." Forests 14, no. 2 (January 18, 2023): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14020176.

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Wetlands have an important ecological function and economic value. However, with economic development and urban expansion, wetland plants have suffered serious damage. Rare and endangered plants are “thermometers” that reflect the health processes of their ecosystems. To better protect the wetlands in Sanya, China, we systematically investigated and analyzed the species, quantities, distributions, and community characteristics of the rare and endangered plants in the Sanya River basin using the sample and sample strip methods. We established a total of 152 quadrats, of which 46 contained rare and endangered plants. We identified 27 rare and endangered plants that mainly appeared in the tree and shrub layers. The dominant families and genera of the community were evident. However, the proportion of families and genera with fewer or single species was high, indicating that the species composition of the community is complex, and the plant species diversity is rich. The dominant species in each layer of the community were evident, and the rare and endangered plants are occasional species of the community. The community similarity in the urban areas was high, indicating that the rare and endangered plants in these areas require highly homogenous habitats. The community similarity in the suburbs was low, indicating that the rare and endangered plants in these areas are highly adaptable to different habitats. Threat factors and vegetation coverage degree had a significant impact on the number of species and population size of rare and endangered plants. Finally, according to our study and IUCN classification criteria for the endangered levels, Sonneratia × gulngai meets the CR (Critical Endangered) assessment criteria, thus we recommend upgrading it to the endangered level from VU (Vulnerable).

9

López Pujol, J. "China: home for the most endangered plants of the world?" Collectanea Botanica 29 (December 30, 2010): 99–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/collectbot.2010.v29.010.

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10

Thornton, William C. "Should Endangered Plants Be Propagated Commercially?" Cactus and Succulent Journal 85, no. 4 (July 2013): 143–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2985/0007-9367-85.4.143.

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Дисертації з теми "Endangered plants":

1

Robertson, Emma. "TRANSITIONS: Biophilia, Beauty and Endangered Plants." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/17875.

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While the science continues to underline the increasing risks posed by climate change, rallying the public to the cause has proved increasingly difficult. A major challenge is finding alternatives to the despair, hopelessness and consequent sense of disempowerment that confronting the realities of climate change can provoke. It is also the case that particular silent aspects of the impact of climate change – for example on the future viability of certain plant species – receive less public and political attention than others, such as catastrophic weather events. Artists have been active in exploring the impact of climate change through a variety of aesthetic strategies in attempts to address these challenges and mobilise complex understandings of the phenomenon. The response of this thesis is to focus on a specific issue and location – endangered Australian plants – and to experiment with a range of different artistic approaches, filtered through the lens of biophilia and beauty. The experimental artwork produced builds and demonstrates a bridge between botanical science, endangered plant species, and art, in relation to climate change. The PhD research makes four substantial contributions. First, it presents a different perspective on the applied use of art as a mode of enquiry into climate change, through creative agency and advocacy on the focused theme of endangered Australian plants. Second, the research explores and assesses alternative methods for making and reconceptualising static drawings into moving images, as a strategy to engage artistically and positively with the negative ecopsychology and ecoanxiety of climate change. Third, newly initiated, collaborative projects with non-arts partners are deployed to enhance audience engagement through the application of drawings. In parallel to this, conventional international and national exhibitions, publications and workshops are also realised as additional contributions to knowledge within different communities. Fourth, the research results in a document which explores a hopeful reconnection with nature through applying and embracing an aesthetic of beauty and meditative mindfulness. A Transmedia Art method is utilised to enhance broader community understanding of Eco Art, using a mindful, practice based research process.

2

Swarts, Nigel. "Integrated conservation of the rare and endangered terrestrial orchid Caladenia huegelii H.G. Reichb /." Connect to this title, 2007. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0044.

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3

Filipski, Jules. "Reproductive biology of the endangered plant, Phlox hirsuta (E.E. Nelson)." View full-text version online, 2005. http://soda.sou.edu/awdata/060221b1.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.) --Southern Oregon University, 2005.
"A thesis submitted to the Department of Biology and the Graduate School of Southern Oregon University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Science." Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-75) Also available via Internet as PDF file through Southern Oregon Digital Archives: http://soda.sou.edu. Search Bioregion Collection.

4

Kaye, Thomas N. "Population viability analysis of endangered plant species an evaluation of stochastic methods and an application to a rare prairie plant /." Connect to this title online, 2001. http://fresc.usgs.gov/products/thesis/kaye/thesis.html.

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5

Swarts, Nigel. "Integrated conservation of the rare and endangered terrestrial orchid Caladenia huegelii H.G. Reichb." University of Western Australia. School of Earth and Geographical Sciences, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0044.

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The Orchidaceae is characterized by a remarkably diverse range of life forms and some of the most highly specialized interactions with soil fungi and insect pollinators found in the flowering plants. Many species are rare or threatened with extinction either directly through loss of habitat or over-collection or, indirectly through debilitation or loss of mycorrhizal association or pollinator capacity. Australian temperate terrestrial orchids represent one of the most threatened groups in the Australian flora with many taxa clinging to existence in urban and rural bushland remnants, road verges and unprotected bushland. The aim of this study is to research and develop integrated conservation based on critical aspects of terrestrial orchid biology and ecology, towards the recovery of the rare and endangered Western Australian terrestrial orchid Caladenia huegelii. This study identified key aspects involved in an integrated conservation approach and research focused on conservation genetics, mycorrhizal interactions and in situ and ex situ conservation strategies for this species. Using polymorphic microsatellite molecular markers, high levels of genetic diversity were found within remnant populations of C. huegelii, while weak differentiation was observed among populations over the species geographic range. These results indicate historic genetic exchange between C. huegelii populations, a possible consequence of the sexually deceptive pollination strategy and the capacity for widespread seed dispersal. Symbiotic germination studies revealed compatibility barriers to C. huegelii germination with the orchid possessing a highly specific orchid-mycorrhizal association relative to common sympatric congeners. These results were reflected in a phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, revealing C. huegelii associates with only one endophyte species within the fungal family Sebacinaceae across its geographic range. Large scale in situ seed baiting demonstrated that endophytes compatible with C. huegelii were limited in distribution relative to common and widespread orchid species, a feature for C. huegelii that may be a major contributing factor in limiting the distributional range of the species. Detailed, within site seed baiting methods identified hotspots for mycorrhizal fungus compatible with C. huegelii that were unoccupied by the orchid. These mycorrhizal hotspots where used to investigate the effect of endophyte presence on survival of transplanted mature plants and seedling outplants. The in situ survival of glasshouse propagated seedlings was further optimized by incubating seedlings in growth containers before transfer to soil and outplanting seedlings in their second growing season. The findings of this study will substantially advance the recovery of C. huegelii and provide benchmark knowledge for similar projects with other rare and threatened terrestrial orchid species.

6

Xego, Sibusiso. "Hydroponic propagation of Siphonochilus aethiopicus: an endangered medicinal plant." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2421.

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Thesis (MTech (Horticultural Sciences))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017.
The increasing demand for medicinal plants has led into serious over-harvesting of wild populations and presents an opportunity for potential profitable cultivation. Production of medicinal plants in controlled environments particularly hydroponic technology provides opportunities for high quality biomass accumulation and optimizes production of secondary metabolites. Water availability and supplies are becoming scarce, thus search for innovative irrigation practices is desirable and vital. The proper irrigation interval and growing media can play a major role in increasing the water use efficiency. Thus, Siphonochilus aethiopicus was cultivated by means of the hydroponic technique, under various substrate combinations and watering regimes.

7

Grant, Marissa Catherine Jernegan. "Survival strategies of the endangered Physaria ludoviciana (silvery bladderpod; Brassicaceae) /." View online, 2009. http://repository.eiu.edu/theses/docs/32211131592147.pdf.

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8

Mosime, Bonolo. "In vitro conservation of selected endangered plant species indigenous to the Cape Floristic Region, South Africa." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2343.

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Thesis (MTech (Horticulture))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016.
This study focused on optimising four types of in-vitro conservation methods, namely: 1), micropropagation, 2) in-vitro slow growth, 3) seed germination and 4) cryopreservation for selected endangered plant species indigenous to the Cape Floristic Region. It is one of the targets set by United Nations millennium development goals, to integrate different conservation measures in order to preserve plant diversity and mitigate losses of genetic diversity. Therefore this study uses Phalaenopsis hybrids as a trial species that can be studied for the conservation of endangered Disa and Eulophia species through micropropagation and in vitro slow growth. Also conservation attempts on Leucadendron and Mimetes species that occur in the Cape Floristic Region were attemted to increase population densities by increasing germination percentages using smoke. Furthermore, the study attempted to store seeds by assessing different cooling rates for optimising cryopreservation measures for effective conservation. The use of tissue culture to increase propagules especially critically endangered species in South African has proven to be feasible. For the trial hybrids, shoot and protocorm explants of Phalaenopsis Psychosis Pink X P. No. 1; P. Large white X P. Large pink; P. No. 1 X P. Large pink; P. Mini pink X Brighton belle; and the P. aphrodite formed clusters of protocorms and shoots when cultured on ½ strength MS media supplemented with 10, 20 and 30gL-1 banana extract or ½ strength Murashige and Skoog, (1962) (MS) media supplemented with peptone. Continuous protocorms formation could therefore be obtained by culturing endangered Disa and Eulophia shoots and protocorms on banana containing media. Plantlet conversion from somatic embryos produced on 10gL-1 banana extract enriched media was successfully achieved on ½ strength MS supplemented with 20gL-1 sucrose and no plant growth regulators in the medium. However, optimum rooting was achieved on ½ strength MS supplemented with 30gL-1 of banana extract and this medium yielded the highest survival percentages for plantlet acclimatisation. Furthermore, ½ strength MS supplemented with 1gL-1 of peptone served as a stimulant for shoot development and protocorm formation. When coupled with banana extract at all stages of development, regeneration and rooting were enhanced.

9

Sharma, Jyotsna. "Mycobionts, germination, and conservation genetics of federally threatened Platanthera praeclara (Orchidaceae) /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3060142.

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10

Walker, Charles Henry. "Biological and ecological attributes of some endangered vascular plants of southern Illinois /." Available to subscribers only, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1324370471&sid=4&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Книги з теми "Endangered plants":

1

Madulid, Domingo A. Endangered plants. Manila: Published for Pundasyon sa Pagpapaunlad ng Kaalaman sa Pagtuturo ng Agham, Ink. by Island Pub. House, Inc., 2000.

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2

Čeřovský, Jan. Endangered plants. London: Sunburst Books, 1995.

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3

Fandel, Jennifer. Endangered plants. Sioux Falls, SD: Lake Street Publishers, 2003.

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4

Landau, Elaine. Endangered plants. New York: Watts, 1992.

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5

Niskern, Diana. Endangered species (plants). Washington, D.C: Science Reference Section, Science and Technology Division, Library of Congress, 1989.

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6

Niskern, Diana. Endangered species (plants). Washington, D.C: Science Reference Section, Science and Technology Division, Library of Congress, 1989.

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7

Niskern, Diana. Endangered species (plants). Washington, D.C: Science Reference Section, Science and Technology Division, Library of Congress, 1989.

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8

B, Chaudhuri A. Endangered medicinal plants. Delhi, India: Daya Publishing House, 2007.

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9

Southwestern Rare and Endangered Plant Conference (1992 Santa Fe, N.M.). Southwestern rare and endangered plants: Proceedings of the Southwestern Rare and Endangered Plant Conference. Santa Fe, N.M. (P.O. Box 1948, Santa Fe, 87504): New Mexico Forestry and Resources Conservation Division, Energy, Minerals and Natural Resources Dept., 1993.

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10

Bow, James. Saving endangered plants and animals. New York, NY: Crabtree Pub., 2009.

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Частини книг з теми "Endangered plants":

1

Carr, John, and Tema Milstein. "Manatees and fossil-fuel power plants." In Communicating Endangered Species, 218–32. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003041955-18.

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2

Mukherjee, Dhiman. "Endangered Medicinal Plants of Temperate Regions: Conservation and Maintenance." In Medicinal Plants, 213–54. Boca Raton: Apple Academic Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003277408-9.

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3

Rieseberg, Loren H., and Susan M. Swensen. "Conservation Genetics of Endangered Island Plants." In Conservation Genetics, 305–34. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2504-9_10.

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4

Qin, Haining, Xiaohua Jin, and Lina Zhao. "Rare and Endangered Plants in China." In Conservation and Reintroduction of Rare and Endangered Plants in China, 21–31. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5301-1_2.

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5

Huang, Lu-qi, and Chao-yi Ma. "Salvation of Rare and Endangered Medicinal Plants." In Molecular Pharmacognosy, 105–27. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4945-0_6.

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6

Wang, Xueyong, Khabriev Ramil Usmanovich, Linglong Luo, Wen Juan Xu, and Jia Hui Wu. "Salvation of Rare and Endangered Medicinal Plants." In Molecular Pharmacognosy, 103–43. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9034-1_5.

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7

Ren, Hai, Hongfang Lu, Hongxiao Liu, and Zhanhui Xu. "Reintroduction of Rare and Endangered Plants in China." In Conservation and Reintroduction of Rare and Endangered Plants in China, 49–107. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5301-1_4.

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8

Abegaz, Berhanu M., and Joan Mutanyatta. "Bioactive Compounds from Some Endangered Plants of Africa." In Biodiversity, 71–78. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9242-0_8.

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9

Ali, Md Nasim, and Syandan Sinha Ray. "Synthetic Seeds Vis-A-Vis Cryopreservation: An Efficient Technique for Long-Term Preservation of Endangered Medicinal Plants." In Medicinal Plants, 337–60. Boca Raton: Apple Academic Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003277408-14.

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10

Chandran, Sangeeth, A. V. Raghu, and K. V. Mohanan. "In Vitro Conservation of Rare, Endangered, and Threatened Plants." In Sustainable Development and Biodiversity, 391–408. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5841-0_16.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Endangered plants":

1

Chernetskaya, A. G., T. V. Yunkevich, and T. V. Kalenchuk. "ADDITIONAL METHODS FOR PRESERVING THE GENE POOL OF POPULATIONS OF RARE SPECIES OF MEDICINAL PLANTS." In SAKHAROV READINGS 2021: ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF THE XXI CENTURY. International Sakharov Environmental Institute of Belarusian State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46646/sakh-2021-2-371-374.

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To effectively conserve the gene pool of protected plants ex situ, a wide range of methods and approaches is used, each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages. To date, considerable experience has been gained in the preservation of plant genetic resources, which are important mainly for the agricultural sector, using different temperature regimes; gene banks have been created all over the world. Unfortunately, cryopreservation of seeds and various other plant material is successfully used mainly for agricultural crops, and experiments to preserve the gene pool of rare and endangered plant species are not so widespread. It is necessary to investigate the possibility of sustainable reproduction of the gene pool of certain rare and endangered species. The use of microclonal reproduction of protected plants is an additional way to preserve their gene pool and a prerequisite for the repаtriation of species that are disappearing in nature. The development of effective methods of microclonal reproduction is the basis of work on the creation of in vitro genetic banks of rare and endangered plant species, as well as one of the promising directions for the conservation of biodiversity in general.

2

Wei, Haochuan, Qianchi Zhang, Weixuan Gao, and Xianghao Meng. "Construction and Application of the Knowledge Graph in Endangered Plants." In 2022 IEEE/ACIS 22nd International Conference on Computer and Information Science (ICIS). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icis54925.2022.9882464.

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3

Echeverri Del Sarto, Julieta, María Celeste Gallia, Ana Ferrari, and Guillermina A. Bongiovanni. "TISSUE PLANT CULTURE AS A NOVEL INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY TO PRODUCE BIOPHARMACEUTICALS FROM ENDANGERED PLANTS." In 24th International Academic Conference, Barcelona. International Institute of Social and Economic Sciences, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.20472/iac.2016.024.030.

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4

Raizer, O. B., and O. N. Khapilina. "Culture in vitro of rare and endemic species of Allium (A. ledebourianum, A. altaicum)." In 2nd International Scientific Conference "Plants and Microbes: the Future of Biotechnology". PLAMIC2020 Organizing committee, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/plamic2020.204.

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Rare and endemic Allium ledebourianum and Allium altaicum were introduced into the culture in vitro. When cultivated under conditions of slight osmotic stress, viable cultures of rare and endangered Allium species were obtained.

5

He, Wenli, XingZhao Dai, Xinghua Le, Yu Fang, Bangyou Yan, and Haiou Bao. "Information system of the rare endangered plants in Poyang Lake watershed." In 2015 4th International Conference on Mechatronics, Materials, Chemistry and Computer Engineering. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icmmcce-15.2015.321.

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6

Achimova, A. A., Е. V. Zhmud, I. N. Kuban, and M. B. Yamtyrov. "The study of rare and endangered species of plants in the Botanical gardens: traditional and modern approaches." In Problems of studying the vegetation cover of Siberia. TSU Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/978-5-94621-927-3-2020-5.

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7

Liu, Yuhuai, Zhang Xiaofe, Wende Huang, Dajiang He, and Xianwu Mi. "A Framework for Rare and Endangered Plants Protection Based on Beidou and Digital Twins Technology." In 2021 International Conference on Electronic Information Technology and Smart Agriculture (ICEITSA). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iceitsa54226.2021.00034.

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8

Churikova, O. A., and A. A. Krinitsina. "PECULIARITIES OF INTRODUCTION AND PROPAGATION IN STERILE CULTURE OF SOME SPECIES OF RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANTS." In СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ИНТРОДУКЦИИ И СОХРАНЕНИЯ БИОРАЗНООБРАЗИЯ РАСТЕНИЙ. Воронеж: Цифровая полиграфия, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.17308/978-5-907283-86-2-2022-232-240.

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9

Derjanschi, Valeriu. "Some rare Heteroptera species (Hemiptera) from the „Cobîleni” natural reserve, Republic of Moldova." In Xth International Conference of Zoologists. Institute of Zoology, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53937/icz10.2021.31.

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A list of the some rare heteroptera species from the „Cobîleni” Natural Reserve is published. The list contains 9 species from 5 families: Corixidae (3 species), Anthocoridae (1), Miridae (3), Lygaeidae (1) and Pentatomidae – 1 species. Data on bio-ecology and host plants are given. It is noted that the „Cobîleni” Reserve are the guarantor of the preservation of both typical biotopes and rare and endangered species of true bugs.

10

Tao, Zhang, Wang Wei, Gary Z. Wang, Hongyan Luo, Cunzhu Liang, Jiahui Liu, Huijun An, Hao Pei, Huidong Zhong, and Xiaojun Chen. "Using AHP to analyze and ascertain the priority protective order of endangered plants in East Alashan-West Erdos." In SPIE Optics + Photonics, edited by Wei Gao and Susan L. Ustin. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.681226.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Endangered plants":

1

Peter Breslin, Peter Breslin. Next Generation Conservation Strategies for Endangered Plants. Experiment, November 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/10273.

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2

Bekessy, Sarah, Georgia Garrard, and Tasha Wibawa. Cities can be safe havens for endangered plants and animals. Monash University, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54377/1a63-64de.

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3

Sackschewsky, Michael R. Threatened and Endangered Species Evaluation for Operating Commercial Nuclear Power Generating Plants. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15010482.

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4

Sackschewsky, M. R. Threatened and endangered species evaluation for 75 licensed commercial nuclear power generating plants. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/475640.

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5

Hohmann, Matthew, and Wade Wall. Operational-scale demonstration of propagation protocols and comparative demographic monitoring for reintroducing five southeastern endangered and at-risk plants : final report. Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (U.S.), March 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/26525.

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6

Dawson, William O., and Moshe Bar-Joseph. Creating an Ally from an Adversary: Genetic Manipulation of Citrus Tristeza. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7586540.bard.

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Citrus is one of the major agricultural crops common to Israel and the United States, important in terms of nutrition, foreign exchange, and employment. The economy of both citrus industries have been chronically plagued by diseases caused by Citrus tristeza virus (CTV). The short term solution until virus-resistant plants can be used is the use of mild strain cross-protection. We are custom designing "ideal" protecting viruses to immunize trees against severe isolates of CTV by purposely inoculating existing endangered trees and new plantings to be propagated as infected (protected) citrus budwood. We crossed the substantial technological hurdles necessary to accomplish this task which included developing an infectious cDNA clone which allows in vitro manipulation of the virus and methods to then infect citrus plants. We created a series of hybrids between decline-inducing and mild CTV strains, tested them in protoplasts, and are amplifying them to inoculate citrus trees for evaluation and mapping of disease determinants. We also extended this developed technology to begin engineering transient expression vectors based on CTV as tools for genetic improvement of tree crops, in this case citrus. Because of the long periods between genetic transformation and the ultimate assay of mature tree characteristics, there is a great need for an effective system that allows the expression or suppression of target genes in fruiting plants. Virus-based vectors will greatly expedite progress in citrus genetic improvement. We characterized several components of the virus that provides necessary information for designing virus-based vectors. We characterized the requirements of the 3 ’-nontranslated replication promoter and two 3 ’-ORF subgenomic (sg) mRNA controller elements. We discovered a novel type of 5’-terminal sgRNAs and characterized the cis-acting control element that also functions as a strong promoter of a 3 ’-sgRNA. We showed that the p23 gene controls negative-stranded RNA synthesis and expression of 3 ’ genes. We identified which genes are required for infection of plants, which are host range determinants, and which are not needed for plant infection. We continued the characterization of native dRNA populations and showed the presence of five different classes including class III dRNAs that consists of infectious and self-replicating molecules and class V dRNAs that contain all of the 3 ’ ORFs, along with class IV dRNAs that retain non-contiguous internal sequences. We have constructed and tested in protoplasts a series of expression vectors that will be described in this proposal.

7

Boyle, Maxwell, and Elizabeth Rico. Terrestrial vegetation monitoring at Cape Hatteras National Seashore: 2019 data summary. National Park Service, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2290019.

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The Southeast Coast Network (SECN) conducts long-term terrestrial vegetation monitoring as part of the nationwide Inventory and Monitoring Program of the National Park Service (NPS). The vegetation community vital sign is one of the primary-tier resources identified by SECN park managers, and monitoring is currently conducted at 15 network parks (DeVivo et al. 2008). Monitoring plants and their associated communities over time allows for targeted understanding of ecosystems within the SECN geography, which provides managers information about the degree of change within their parks’ natural vegetation. The first year of conducting this monitoring effort at four SECN parks, including 52 plots on Cape Hatteras National Seashore (CAHA), was 2019. Twelve vegetation plots were established at Cape Hatteras NS in July and August. Data collected in each plot included species richness across multiple spatial scales, species-specific cover and constancy, species-specific woody stem seedling/sapling counts and adult tree (greater than 10 centimeters [3.9 inches {in}]) diameter at breast height (DBH), overall tree health, landform, soil, observed disturbance, and woody biomass (i.e., fuel load) estimates. This report summarizes the baseline (year 1) terrestrial vegetation data collected at Cape Hatteras National Seashore in 2019. Data were stratified across four dominant broadly defined habitats within the park (Maritime Tidal Wetlands, Maritime Nontidal Wetlands, Maritime Open Uplands, and Maritime Upland Forests and Shrublands) and four land parcels (Bodie Island, Buxton, Hatteras Island, and Ocracoke Island). Noteworthy findings include: A total of 265 vascular plant taxa (species or lower) were observed across 52 vegetation plots, including 13 species not previously documented within the park. The most frequently encountered species in each broadly defined habitat included: Maritime Tidal Wetlands: saltmeadow cordgrass Spartina patens), swallow-wort (Pattalias palustre), and marsh fimbry (Fimbristylis castanea) Maritime Nontidal Wetlands: common wax-myrtle (Morella cerifera), saltmeadow cordgrass, eastern poison ivy (Toxicodendron radicans var. radicans), and saw greenbriar (Smilax bona-nox) Maritime Open Uplands: sea oats (Uniola paniculata), dune camphorweed (Heterotheca subaxillaris), and seabeach evening-primrose (Oenothera humifusa) Maritime Upland Forests and Shrublands: : loblolly pine (Pinus taeda), southern/eastern red cedar (Juniperus silicicola + virginiana), common wax-myrtle, and live oak (Quercus virginiana). Five invasive species identified as either a Severe Threat (Rank 1) or Significant Threat (Rank 2) to native plants by the North Carolina Native Plant Society (Buchanan 2010) were found during this monitoring effort. These species (and their overall frequency of occurrence within all plots) included: alligatorweed (Alternanthera philoxeroides; 2%), Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica; 10%), Japanese stilt-grass (Microstegium vimineum; 2%), European common reed (Phragmites australis; 8%), and common chickweed (Stellaria media; 2%). Eighteen rare species tracked by the North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (Robinson 2018) were found during this monitoring effort, including two species—cypress panicgrass (Dichanthelium caerulescens) and Gulf Coast spikerush (Eleocharis cellulosa)—listed as State Endangered by the Plant Conservation Program of the North Carolina Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (NCPCP 2010). Southern/eastern red cedar was a dominant species within the tree stratum of both Maritime Nontidal Wetland and Maritime Upland Forest and Shrubland habitat types. Other dominant tree species within CAHA forests included loblolly pine, live oak, and Darlington oak (Quercus hemisphaerica). One hundred percent of the live swamp bay (Persea palustris) trees measured in these plots were experiencing declining vigor and observed with symptoms like those caused by laurel wilt......less

8

Boyle, Maxwell, and Elizabeth Rico. Terrestrial vegetation monitoring at Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve: 2019 data summary—Version 2.0. National Park Service, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrds-2290196.

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The Southeast Coast Network (SECN) conducts long-term terrestrial vegetation monitoring as part of the nationwide Inventory and Monitoring Program of the National Park Service (NPS). The vegetation community vital sign is one of the primary-tier resources identified by SECN park managers, and it is currently conducted on 15 network parks (DeVivo et al. 2008). Monitoring plants and their associated communities over time allows for targeted understanding of ecosystems within the SECN geography, which provides managers information about the degree of change within their parks’ natural vegetation. 2019 marks the first year of conducting this monitoring effort on four SECN parks, including Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve (TIMU). A total of 23 vegetation plots were established in the park in May and June. Data collected in each plot include species richness across multiple spatial scales, species-specific cover and constancy, species-specific woody stem seedling/sapling counts and adult tree (greater than 10 centimeters [3.9 inches (in)]) diameter at breast height (DBH), overall tree health, landform, soil, observed disturbance, and woody biomass (i.e., fuel load) estimates. This report summarizes the baseline (year 1) terrestrial vegetation data collected at Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve in 2019. Data were stratified across three dominant broadly defined habitats within the park (Coastal Plain Nonalluvial Wetlands, Coastal Plain Open Uplands and Woodlands, and Maritime Upland Forests and Shrublands) and three land parcels (Cedar Point, Theodore Roosevelt, and Thomas Creek). Noteworthy findings include: A total of 157 vascular plant taxa (species or lower) were observed across 23 vegetation plots, including nine species not previously known from the park. Three plots were located in the footprint of the Yellow Bluff Fire, and were sampled only two weeks following the fire event. Muscadine (Muscadinia rotundifolia), cat greenbrier (Smilax glauca), water oak (Quercus nigra), and swamp tupelo (Nyssa biflora) were the most frequently encountered species in Coastal Plain Nonalluvial Wetland habitat; saw palmetto (Serenoa repens), slash pine (Pinus elliottii), and gallberry (Ilex glabra) were the most frequently encountered species in Coastal Plain Open Upland and Woodland habitat; and Darlington oak (Quercus hemisphaerica), Spanish moss (Tillandsia usenoides), and red bay (Persea borbonia) were the most frequently encountered species in Maritime Upland Forests and Shrublands. There were no exotic species of the Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council list of invasive plants (FLEPPC 2020) observed on any of these plots. Both red bay and swamp bay (Persea palustris) were largely absent from the tree stratum in these plots; however, they were present (occasionally in high abundance) in the seedling and sapling strata across all habitat types. Buckthorn bully (Sideroxylon lycioides)—listed as Endangered in the state of Florida by the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (FDACS 2020)—was observed in three Maritime Upland Forest and Shrubland plots. The tree strata in each broadly defined habitat were dominated by the following species: Coastal Plain Nonalluvial Wetlands-loblolly bay (Gordonia lasianthus) Coastal Plain Open Uplands and Woodlands-longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) Maritime Upland Forests and Shrublands-oaks (Quercus sp.) Most stems within the tree strata exhibited healthy vigor and only moderate dieback across all habitat types. However, there was a large amount of standing dead trees in plots within Maritime Upland Forests and Shrublands. Downed woody biomass (fuel loads) were highest in the Cedar Point and Thomas Creek land parcels.

9

Jung, Jacob, Richard Fischer, Chester McConnell, and Pam Bates. The use of US Army Corps of Engineers reservoirs as stopover sites for the Aransas–Wood Buffalo population of whooping crane. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/44980.

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This technical report summarizes the use of US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) reservoirs as spring and fall migration stopover sites for the endangered Aransas–Wood Buffalo population of whooping cranes (WHCR), which proved much greater than previously known. We assessed stopover use within the migration flyway with satellite transmitter data on 68 WHCR during 2009–2018 from a study by the US Geological Survey (USGS) and collaborators, resulting in over 165,000 location records, supplemented by incidental observations from the US Fish and Wildlife Ser-vice (USFWS) and the USGS Biodiversity Information Serving Our Nation (BISON) databases. Significant stopover use was observed during both spring and fall migration, and one reservoir served as a wintering location in multiple years. Future efforts should include (a) continued monitoring for WHCR at USACE reservoirs within the flyway; (b) reservoir-specific management plans at all projects with significant WHCR stopover; (c) a USACE-specific and range-wide Endangered Species Act Section 7(a)(1) conservation plan that specifies proactive conservation actions; (d) habitat management plans that include potential pool-level modifications during spring and fall to optimize stopover habitat conditions; and (e) continued evaluation of habitat conditions at USACE reservoirs.

10

Jung, Jacob, Michael Guilfoyle, Austin Davis, Christina Saltus, Eric Britzke, and Richard Fischer. Threatened, endangered, and at-risk species for consideration into climate change models in the Northeast. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42143.

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This special report provides a selection process for choosing priority species using the specific focus of high-elevation, forested habitats in the North Atlantic to demonstrate the process. This process includes criteria for choosing invasive species to incorporate into models, given the predicted spread of invasive plant species because of climate change. Discussed in this report are the US Army Corps of Engineers’ Threatened and Endangered Species Team portal, the US Fish and Wildlife Service’s Information for Planning and Consultation Portal, the nonprofit organization Partners in Flight’s watch list, the US Geological Survey’s Biodiversity Information Serving Our Nation model, and NatureServe’s interagency effort Landfire. The data linked this montane habitat with a species of conservation concern, Cartharus bicknelli and the endangered squirrel Glaucomys sabrinus as target species and with Elaeagnus umbellate, Robinia pseudoacacia, Rhamnus cathartica, and Acer planoides as invasive species. Incorporating these links into the climate change framework developed by Davis et al. (2018) will create predictive models for the impacts of climate change on TER-S, which will affect land management decisions in the region.