Готові списки джерел за темами / Electrolysi

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Electrolysi"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 14 березня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Electrolysi"

1

Molina, Victor M., Domingo González-Arjona, Emilio Roldán, and Manuel Dominguez. "Electrochemical Reduction of Tetrachloromethane. Electrolytic Conversion to Chloroform." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 67, no. 3 (2002): 279–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc20020279.

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Анотація:
The feasibility of electrolytic removal of tetrachloromethane from industrial effluents has been investigated. A new method based on the electrochemical reductive dechlorination of CCl4 yielding chloroform is described. The main goal was not only to remove CCl4 but also to utilize the process for obtaining chloroform, which can be industrially reused. GC-MS analysis of the electrolysed samples showed that chloroform is the only product. Voltammetric experiments were made in order to select experimental conditions of the electrolysis. Using energetic and economic criteria, ethanol-water (1 : 4) and LiCl were found to be the optimum solvent and supporting electrolyte tested. No great differences were found while working at different pH values. Chronoamperometric and voltammetric experiments with convolution analysis showed low kf0 and α values for the reaction. A new differential pulse voltammetric peak deconvolution method was developed for an easier and faster analysis of the electrolysis products. Electrolysis experiments were carried out using both a bulk reactor and a through-flow cell. Thus, three different kinds of galvanostatic electrolyses were carried out. Under all conditions, CCl4 conversions ranging from 60 to 75% and good current efficiencies were obtained.
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2

Guo, Hao, and Sangyoung Kim. "Effect of Rotating Magnetic Field on Hydrogen Production from Electrolytic Water." Shock and Vibration 2022 (September 2, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9085721.

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Анотація:
In order to reveal the influence of magnetic field on electrochemical machining, a research method of the influence of rotating magnetic field on hydrogen production from electrolytic water is proposed in this paper. Firstly, taking pure water as electrolyte, this paper selects rigid SPCE water molecular model, constructs the molecular dynamics model under the action of magnetic field, and simulates it. In this paper, the thermodynamics, electric power principle, and electrolytic reaction of hydrogen production from electrolytic water are analyzed, and the working processes of alkaline electrolytic cell, solid oxide electrolytic cell, and solid polymer electrolytic cell are analyzed. Based on solid polymer electrolytic cell, the effects of membrane electrode performance, diffusion layer material, contact electrode plate, electrolytic temperature, and electrolyte types on hydrogen production are analyzed. The experimental results show that the heteroions in the lake electrolyte significantly affect the performance of the membrane electrode, and the number of heteroions in the electrolyte should be controlled during the experiment. The hydrogen production capacity and energy efficiency ratio of the unit are basically not affected by different water flow dispersion. When dilute sulfuric acid electrolyte is selected in the experiment, the concentration should be 0.1%–0.2%; After the proton exchange membrane enters the stable period after the activation period, with the increase of the electrolysis time of tap water, (24 h) the membrane electrode will weaken the catalyst activity and reduce the electrolysis efficiency in the electrolysis process. Furthermore, the correctness of rotating magnetic field on hydrogen production from electrolytic water is verified.
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3

Sun, Aixi, Bo Hao, Yulan Hu, and Dewei Yang. "Research on Mathematical Model of Composite Micromachining of Laser and Electrolysis Based on the Electrolyte Fluid." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3070265.

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Анотація:
A new technology of composite micromachining of laser and electrolysis is presented through a combination of technological advantages of laser processing and electrolytic machining. The implication of its method is that laser processing efficiently removes metallic materials and that pulse electrolytic machining removes recast layer and controls shape precisely. Machining accuracy and efficiency can be improved. The impacts that electrolyte fluid effectively cools the microstructure edge in the laser machining process and that gas-liquid two-phase flow makes the electrolyte conductivity produce uneven distribution in the electrolytic processing are considered. Some approximate assumptions are proposed on the actual conditions of machining process. The mathematical model of composite micromachining of laser and electrolysis based on the electrolyte fluid is built. The validity of the model can be verified by experimentation. The experimental results show that processing accuracy meets accuracy requirements which are ±0.05 mm. Machining efficiency increases more than 20 percent compared to electrolytic processing.
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4

IMAMURA, Koreyoshi. "Factors Affecting Performance of Cleaning Technique for Metal Surfaces Based on Electrolysi of Hydrogen Peroxide, H2O2-electrolysis." Japan Journal of Food Engineering 9, no. 4 (December 15, 2008): 229–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.11301/jsfe2000.9.229.

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5

Li, Lin Bo, Juan Qin Xue, Tao Hong, Miao Wang, and Jun Yang. "Preparation of Atomic Oxygen Oxidant by Electrolysis with Ultrasonic." Materials Science Forum 658 (July 2010): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.658.1.

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Анотація:
The atomic oxygen oxidant—Peroxy-monosulfuric acid was prepared by the method of electrolysis under the condition of with and without ultrasonic. The influence of electrolysis time, electrolyte concentration, electrolytic voltage and the additive concentration on the concentration of oxidant were investigated. The result indicated that with the usage of ultrasonic, combination the cavitation effect and the chemical effect enhanced the concentration of electrolysis oxidant; with the electrolytic time of 3 hours, the electrolytic tension of 6V, the sulfuric acid weight concentration of 35%, the additive concentration of 0.5g/L, the ultrasonic frequency of 40kHz and the power of 150W, the oxidant concentration could reach to 0.9177mol/L. This research is helpful for decreasing the production cost of atomic oxygen oxidant.
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6

Riester, Christian Michael, Gotzon García, Nerea Alayo, Albert Tarancón, Diogo M. F. Santos, and Marc Torrell. "Business Model Development for a High-Temperature (Co-)Electrolyser System." Fuels 3, no. 3 (July 1, 2022): 392–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fuels3030025.

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Анотація:
There are increasing international efforts to tackle climate change by reducing the emission of greenhouse gases. As such, the use of electrolytic hydrogen as an energy carrier in decentralised and centralised energy systems, and as a secondary energy carrier for a variety of applications, is projected to grow. Required green hydrogen can be obtained via water electrolysis using the surplus of renewable energy during low electricity demand periods. Electrolysis systems with alkaline and polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) technology are commercially available in different performance classes. The less mature solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) promises higher efficiencies, as well as co-electrolysis and reversibility functions. This work uses a bottom-up approach to develop a viable business model for a SOEC-based venture. The broader electrolysis market is analysed first, including conventional and emerging market segments. A further opportunity analysis ranks these segments in terms of business attractiveness. Subsequently, the current state and structure of the global electrolyser industry are reviewed, and a ten-year outlook is provided. Key industry players are identified and profiled, after which the major industry and competitor trends are summarised. Based on the outcomes of the previous assessments, a favourable business case is generated and used to develop the business model proposal. The main findings suggest that grid services are the most attractive business sector, followed by refineries and power-to-liquid processes. SOEC technology is particularly promising due to its co-electrolysis capabilities within the methanol production process. Consequently, an “engineering firm and operator” business model for a power-to-methanol plant is considered the most viable option.
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7

Wang, Yu Ling, and Ying Sun. "Three-Dimensional Electrode Used for Wastewater Containing Cu2+ from PCB Factory." Advanced Materials Research 864-867 (December 2013): 1574–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.864-867.1574.

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Анотація:
To study the effects and optimal operating parameters of three-dimensional electrode electrolysis process for PCB wastewater containing Cu2+, the effects of electrolytic voltage, plate distance, material of plate, filling element and electrolyte were inspected to decide optimal experiment conditions. The experimental result showed that the optimal conditions were 3.0cm plate distance, steel ball as the filling material, 10V electrolytic voltage, and 45 min electrolytic time, and the removal rate of Cu2+ wastewater reaches 82.3%. The electricity costs were 1.11 yuan/m3.
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8

Denk, Karel, Martin Paidar, Jaromir Hnat, and Karel Bouzek. "Potential of Membrane Alkaline Water Electrolysis in Connection with Renewable Power Sources." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 26 (July 7, 2022): 1225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01261225mtgabs.

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Анотація:
Hydrogen is an efficient energy carrier with numerous applications in various areas as industry, energetics, and transport. Its potential depends also on the origin of the energy used to produce the hydrogen with respect to its environmental impact. Where the standard production of hydrogen from fossil fuels (methane steam reforming, etc.) doesn’t bring any benefit to decarbonisation of society. The most ecological approach involves water electrolysis using ‘green’ electricity, such as renewable power sources. Such hydrogen thus stores energy which can be used later. Hydrogen, used in the transport sector, can minimize its environmental impact together with preserving the driving range and decrease the recharge/refill time in comparison with a pure battery-powered vehicle. For transportation the hydrogen filling stations network is required. Local production of hydrogen is one of proposed scenarios. The combination of electrolyser and renewable power source is the most viable local source of hydrogen. It is important to know the possible amount of hydrogen produced with respect to local environmental and economic conditions. Hydrogen production by water electrolysis is an extensively studied topic. Among the three most prominent types, which are the alkaline water electrolysis (AWE), proton-exchange membrane (PEM) electrolysis and high-temperature solid-oxide electrolysis, AWE is the technology which is widely used in the industry for the longest time. In the recent development, AWE is being modified by incorporation of anion-selective membranes (ASMs) to replace the diaphragm used as the cell separator. In comparison with the diaphragm, ASMs perform acceptably in environment with lower temperatures and lower concentrations of the liquid electrolyte, thus, allowing for very flexible operation similarly to the PEM electrolysers. On the other hand, ASMs are not yet in a development level where they could outperform the diaphragm and PEM in long-term stability. Renewable sources of energy, predominantly photovoltaic (PV) plants and wind turbines, operate with non-stable output of electricity. Considering their proposed connection to the water electrolysis, flexibility of such electrolyser is of the essence for maximizing hydrogen production. The aim of this work is to consider a connection of a PV plant with an AWE. Power output data from a real PV plant are taken as a source of electricity for a model AWE. The input data for the electrolyser were taken from a laboratory AWE. The AWE data were measured using a single-cell electrolyser using Zirfon Perl® cell separator with nickel-foam electrodes. Operation including ion-selective membranes was also taken into consideration. Data from literature were used to set possible operation range and other electrolyser parameters. Small-scale operation was then upscaled to match dimensions of a real AWE operation. Using the before mentioned data, a hydrogen production model was made. The model takes the power output of the PV plant in time and decides whether to use the power for preheating of the electrolyser or for electrolytic hydrogen production. Temperature of the electrolyser is influenced by the preheating, thermal-energy loss of the electrolytic reactions, or cooling to maintain optimal conditions. The advantage of the created model is its variability for both energy output of the power plant or other instable power source and the properties of the electrolyser. It can be used to predict hydrogen production in time with respect to the electrolyser and PV power plant size. The difference between standard AWE and AWE with ion exchange membrane is mainly shown during start-up time where membrane based electrolyser shows better efficiency. Frequency of start-stop operation modes thus influences the choice of suitable electrolyser type. Another output is to optimize design of an electrolyser to fit the scale of an existing plant from economical point of view. This knowledge is an important input into the plan which is set to introduce hydrogen-powered transport options where fossil-fuel powered vehicles is often the only option, such as unelectrified low-traffic railroad networks. Acknowledgment: This project is financed by the Technology Agency of the Czech Republic under grant TO01000324, in the frame of the KAPPA programme, with funding from EEA Grants and Norway Grants.
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Xia, Wen Tang, Xiao Yan Xiang, Wen Qiang Yang, and Jian Guo Yin. "Effect of Flow Pattern on Energy Consumption and Properties of Copper Powder in the Electrolytic Process." Solid State Phenomena 279 (August 2018): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.279.77.

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Анотація:
Because of distinctive properties, such as dendritic structure, high green strength, and low oxygen content, electrolytic copper powder has been widely used in aviation, aerospace, national defense industry and other domains. But at present, energy consumption of the electrolysis process in copper powder production is high, and the current efficiency is only about 90%. Therefore,the decrease in energy consumption of the electrolysis process has become the major bottlenecks in the development of the enterprises. In this paper, a new electrolysis cell with different electrolyte inlet arranged on the cell was manufactured. Then, the effect of flow pattern of electrolyte on the current efficiency, energy consumption and properties of copper powder was investigated. The experimental results showed that the electrolytic process had the higher current efficiency, lower energy consumption and smaller copper powders when the flow rate is 0.5l/min in the paralleled inlet and 1.5 l/min in the traditional inlet. Under the optimal conditions, the current efficiency, energy consumption and copper powder size were 99.10%, 712.90kw∙h/t and 47.80um respectively. This means an obvious rise in current efficiency and decrease in energy consumption compared to traditional feeding method.
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10

Lang, Xiao Chuan, Hong Wei Xie, Xiang Yu Zou, Pyong Hun Kim, and Yu Chun Zhai. "Investigation on Direct Electrolytic Reduction of the CaTiO3 Compounds in Molten CaCl2-NaCl for the Production of Ti." Advanced Materials Research 284-286 (July 2011): 2082–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.284-286.2082.

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The CaTiO3 compounds were prepared by sintering the mixtures of the TiO2 and CaO in air. The compounds were used as cathode, the graphite as anode and the molten CaCl2-NaCl as electrolyte. Electrolysis was performed at 800°C and constant-voltage 3.2V in dry argon atmosphere. The results showed that the electrolytic rate could be significantly enhanced because of the additive CaO. The electrolysis time was shortened efficiently than that of direct electrochemical reduction of solid TiO2.
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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Electrolysi"

1

Melane, Xolani. "Visualisation of electrolyte flow fields in an electrolysis cell." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/57492.

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Анотація:
The performance and efficiency of an electrochemical system with gas evolution can be related to the mass transfer effects which are influenced by the resulting two-phase flow. The aim of this investigation was to develop a better understanding in the effects of current density, anode height and inter-electrode spacing on the electrolyte flow patterns and to validate Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) model predictions of the electrolyte flow patterns. The CFD model was developed in a previous study and was applied to the experimental rig developed for this study, in which the electrolysis of copper sulphate was studied. A direct flow visualisation technique was used as the method of investigation in the experimental work. To facilitate the visual observation of the electrolyte flow patterns, O2 gas bubbles evolved on the anode surface were used as the flow followers to track the electrolyte flow patterns. At the bottom of the anode where there was no gas evolution, polyamide seeding particles (PSP) were used as the flow followers. A Photron FASTCAM SA4 high speed camera with a capability of recording up to 5000 fps was used to record the electrolyte flow patterns and circulation. The Photron FASTCAM Viewer (PFV) camera software was used for the post analysis of the recordings and for measuring bubble size, bubble speed and the speed of the PSP tracking particles. The experimental results were then compared with the results obtained from the CFD model simulation in order to validate the CFD model. The electrolysis cell was approximated by a simplified planar two-dimensional domain. The fluid flow patterns were assumed to be affected only by the change in momentum of the two fluids. To simplify the model, other physical, chemical and electro-magnetic phenomena were not modelled in the simulation. The Eulerian multiphase flow model was used to model the multiphase flow problem investigated. The flow fields observed in the experiments and predicted by the model were similar in some of the positions of interest. The gas bubble flow field patterns obtained in the experiment and model were similar to each other in Position A (the top front of the anode), C (the area at the bottom of the cell below the anode), and D (the gap between the anode and the diaphragm), with the only exception being Position B (slightly above the anode top back). The experimental results showed an accumulation of the smaller gas bubbles in Position B with a resulting circulation loop across that region. On the other hand, the model predictions did not show this gas bubble accumulation and circulation in Position B. All the flow patterns predicted for the electrolyte flow illustrated similar flow patterns to the ones observed in the experimental results, including the circulation loop in Position B. The bubble speeds measured at Position A in the experimental work had a reasonable agreement with the bubble speeds predicted by the model. The error between the two results ranged from 6% to 29% for the various cases which were tested. An increase in the current density generated more gas bubbles which resulted in an increase in the bubble speed. Increasing the anode height increased the amount of gas bubbles generated as well as bubble speed while the bubble speed was decreased with an increasing inter-electrode distance.
Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2015.
tm2016
Chemical Engineering
MEng
Unrestricted
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2

Klose, Carolin [Verfasser], Stefan [Akademischer Betreuer] Glunz, and Simon [Akademischer Betreuer] Thiele. "Novel polymer electrolyte membrane compositions for electrolysis and fuel cell systems." Freiburg : Universität, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1208148036/34.

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3

Sathe, Nilesh. "Assessment of coal and graphite electrolysis." Ohio : Ohio University, 2006. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1147975951.

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4

Sahar, Abdallah. "Etude par analyse spectrale de processus aux electrodes fortement aleatoires." Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066522.

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Анотація:
Le but de ce travail a consiste a etudier deux processus electrochimiques a comportement fortement aleatoire, a savoir le degagement de bulles gazeuses sur une electrode et l'electrolyse en lit fluidise
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5

Ni, Meng, and 倪萌. "Mathematical modeling of solid oxide steam electrolyzer for hydrogen production." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B39011409.

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6

SIRACUSANO, STEFANIA. "Development and characterization of catalysts for electrolytic hydrogen production and chlor–alkali electrolysis cells." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/1337.

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Анотація:
Gli argomenti di questa tesi hanno riguardato l’elettrolisi cloro-soda e l’elettrolisi dell’acqua mediante sistemi basati su membrane a scambio protonico (PEM). • Elettrolisi cloro-soda. Il cloro è oggi essenzialmente ottenuto mediante i processi industriali di elettrolisi di cloro-soda ed, in minore quantità, dall’elettrolisi dell’acido cloridrico. Il principale problema di questi processi è l’elevato consumo di energia elettrica che, solitamente, rappresenta una parte sostanziale del costo totale di produzione. Per l’ottimizzare di tale processo è necessario, quindi, ridurre il consumo energetico. La sostituzione del tradizionale catodo ad evoluzione di idrogeno, con un elettrodo a diffusione gassosa ad ossigeno, comporta una nuova reazione che riduce il potenziale termodinamico di cella e questo si traduce in un risparmio energetico del 30-40%. L’attività di ricerca è stata indirizzata verso lo studio di elettrodi a diffusione gassosa per la reazione di riduzione di ossigeno con particolare attenzione all’analisi superficiale e morfologica degli elettrocatalizzatori. In particolare l’attenzione è stata focalizzata sui fenomeni di deattivazione che coinvolgono questo tipo di elettrodi. Test di durata sono stati condotti sugli elettrodi in cella cloro-soda. Analisi di tipo comparativo sugli stessi sono state condotte, prima e dopo il loro funzionamento, nelle condizioni operative di interesse. La superficie degli elettrodi è stata analizzata mediante microscopio elettronico a scansione e spettroscopia fotoelettronica a raggi X. Analisi di bulk sono state effettuate mediante diffrattometria a raggi X ed analisi termogravimetrica. • Elettrolisi dell’acqua (PEM). L’idrogeno può essere prodotto a partire da sorgenti energetiche rinnovabili come fotovoltaico, eolico mediante l’elettrolisi dell’acqua. In particolare, l’elettrolisi, mediante l’utilizzo di un elettrolita polimerico (PEM), è considerata una promettente metodologia per la produzione di idrogeno, alternativa al convenzionale processo di elettrolisi il cui elettrolita è un liquido alcalino, altamente tossico e corrosivo. Un elettrolizzatore PEM possiede certamente dei vantaggi confrontato con il classico processo alcalino in termini di semplicità, sicurezza ed alta efficienza energetica. Questo sistema utilizza la già affermata tecnologia delle celle a combustibile ad elettrolita polimerico. Sfortunatamente il processo di scissione elettrochimica dell’acqua è associata ad un elevato consumo energetico, principalmente dovuto agli alti sovrapotenziali nella reazione anodica di evoluzione di ossigeno. Risulta quindi di fondamentale importanza trovare elettrocatalizzatori per l’evoluzione di ossigeno ottimali in modo da minimizzare le perdite. Il platino è utilizzato al catodo per la reazione di evoluzione di idrogeno (HER) e gli ossidi di iridio o rutenio sono usati all’anodo per la reazione di evoluzione di ossigeno (OER). Questi ossidi metallici sono richiesti perché, confrontati al platino metallico, offrono alta attività catalitica, una migliore stabilità a lungo termine ed una minore perdita di efficienza dovuta alla corrosione o all’inquinamento. Il lavoro è stato principalmente indirizzato verso: 1) la sintesi e caratterizzazione di anodi a base di RuO2 e IrO2; 2) la sintesi di supporti conduttori a base di subossidi di titanio con alta area superficiale. 1) Catalizzatori nanostrutturati a base di RuO2 e IrO2 sono stati preparati mediante un processo colloidale a 100°C; gli idrossidi così ottenuti sono stati calcinati a differenti temperature. L’attenzione è stata focalizzata sugli effetti che il trattamento termico produce sulla struttura cristallografica e sulla dimensione delle particelle di questi catalizzatori e come queste proprietà possono influenzare le performance degli elettrodi per la reazione di evoluzione di ossigeno. Caratterizzazioni elettrochimiche sono state fatte mediante curve di polarizzazioni, spettroscopia d’impedenza, e misure di crono-amperometria. 2) Una nuova metodologia di sintesi per la preparazione dei subossidi di titanio con fase Magneli (TinO2n-1) è stata sviluppata. Le caratteristiche di questi materiali sono state valutate sotto condizioni operative, in elettrolizzatori di tipo SPE, e confrontate con la polvere commerciale Ebonex. La stessa fase attiva a base di IrO2 è stata usata, come elettrocatalizzatore, per entrambi i sistemi.
The topics of this PhD thesis are concerning with Chlor alkali electrolysis and PEM water electrolysis. • Chlor alkali electrolysis. The industrial production of chlorine is today essentially achieved through sodium chloride electrolysis, with only a minor quantity coming from hydrochloric acid electrolysis. The main problem of all these processes is the high electric energy consumption which usually represents a substantial part of the total production cost. Therefore, in order to improve the process, it is necessary to reduce the power consumption. The substitution of the traditional hydrogen-evolving cathodes with an oxygen-consuming gas diffusion electrode (GDE) involves a new reaction that reduces the thermodynamic cell voltage and leads to an energy savings of 30-40%. My research activity was addressed to the investigation of the oxygen reduction at gas-diffusion electrodes as well as to the surface and morphology analysis of the electrocatalysts. Specific attention was focused on deactivation phenomena involving this type of GDE configuration. The catalysts used in this study were based on a mixture of micronized silver particles and PTFE binder. In this study, fresh gas diffusion electrodes were compared with electrodes tested at different times in a chlor-alkali cell. Electrode stability was investigated by life-time tests. The surface of the gas diffusion electrodes was analyzed for both fresh and used cathodes by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The bulk of gas diffusion electrodes was investigated by X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis. • PEM water electrolysis. Water electrolysis is one of the few processes where hydrogen can be produced from renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic or wind energy without evolution of CO2. In particular, an SPE electrolyser is considered as a promising methodology for producing hydrogen as an alternative to the conventional alkaline water electrolysis. A PEM electrolyser possesses certain advantages compared with the classical alkaline process in terms of simplicity, high energy efficiency and specific production capacity. This system utilizes the well know technology of fuel cells based on proton conducting solid electrolytes. Unfortunately, electrochemical water splitting is associated with substantial energy loss, mainly due to the high over-potentials at the oxygen-evolving anode. It is therefore important to find the optimal oxygen-evolving electro-catalyst in order to minimize the energy loss. Typically, platinum is used at the cathode for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and Ir or Ru oxides are used at the anode for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). These metal oxides are required, compared to the metallic platinum, because they offer a high activity, a better long-term stability and less efficiency losses due to corrosion or poisoning. My work was mainly addressed to a) the synthesis and characterisation of IrO2 and RuO2 anodes; b) conducting Ti-suboxides support based on a high surface area. a) Nanosized IrO2 and RuO2 catalysts were prepared by using a colloidal process at 100°C; the resulting hydroxides were then calcined at various temperatures. The attention was focused on the effect of thermal treatments on the crystallographic structure and particle size of these catalysts and how these properties may influence the performance of oxygen evolution electrode. Electrochemical characterizations were carried out by polarization curves, impedance spectroscopy and chrono-amperometric measurements. b) A novel chemical route for the preparation of titanium suboxides (TinO2n−1) with Magneli phase was developed. The relevant characteristics of the materials were evaluated under operating conditions, in a solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) electrolyser, and compared to those of the commercial Ebonex®. The same IrO2 active phase was used in both systems as electrocatalyst.
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7

Owais, Ashour A. [Verfasser]. "Packed Bed Electrolysis for Production of Electrolytic Copper Powder from Electronic Scrap / Ashour A Owais." Aachen : Shaker, 2003. http://d-nb.info/1181600782/34.

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8

Soundiramourty, Anuradha. "Towards the low temperature reduction of carbon dioxide using a polymer electrolyte membrane electrolysis cell." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA112174.

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L’objectif principal de ce travail de thèse était d’évaluer les propriétés électro catalytiques de différents composés moléculaires vis-à-vis de la réduction électrochimique basse température du dioxyde de carbone, en vue d’applications dans des cellules d’électrolyse à électrolyte polymère solide. Après avoir mesuré les performances de métaux modèles (cuivre et nickel) servant de référence, nous avons testé les performances de quelques composés moléculaires à base de nickel. Le rôle catalytique de ces différents composés a été mis en évidence en mesurant les courbes intensité-potentiel dans différents milieux. Nous avons évalué l’importance de la source en hydrogène dans le mécanisme réactionnel. Les produits de réduction du dioxyde de carbone formés dans le mélange réactionnel ont été analysés par chromatographie en phase gazeuse. Nous avons ensuite abordé la possibilité de développer des cellules d’électrolyse à électrolyte polymère solide. Nous avons testé des cellules utilisant soit des anodes à eau liquide pour le dégagement d’oxygène, soit des anodes à hydrogène gazeux. L’utilisation de complexes moléculaires à base de nickel à la cathode a permis d’abaisser le potentiel de la cathode et de réduire le CO₂ mais la réaction de dégagement d’hydrogène reste prédominante
The main objective of this research work was to put into evidence the electrocatalytic activity of various molecular compounds with regard to the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide, at low temperature, in view of potential application in PEM cells. First, reference values have been measured on copper and nickel metals. Then the performances of some molecular compounds have been measured. The electrochemical activity of these different compounds has been put into evidence by recording the current-potential relationships in various media. The role of a hydrogen source for the reduction processes has been evaluated. The formation of reduction products has been put into evidence and analyzed by gas phase chromatography. Then, a PEM cell has been developed and preliminary tests have been performed. PEM cells with either an oxygen-evolving anode or a hydrogen-consuming anode have been tested. Using nickel molecular complexes, it has been possible to lower the potential of the cathode and to reduce CO₂ but the parasite hydrogen evolution reaction was found to remain predominant
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9

Owais, Ashour [Verfasser]. "Packed Bed Electrolysis for Production of Electrolytic Copper Powder from Electronic Scrap / Ashour A Owais." Aachen : Shaker, 2003. http://d-nb.info/1181600782/34.

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10

Goñi, Urtiaga Asier. "Cesium dihydrogen phosphate as electrolyte for intermediate temperature proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (IT-PEMWE)." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/2490.

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In this work the potential application of CsH2PO4 as intermediate temperature electrolyte for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis (PEMWE) was studied. This material, from the phosphate-based solid acid family, was previously reported as a promising electrolyte for intermediate temperature PEM fuel cells although no study as electrolyte in a PEMWE system had been carried out before. The physico-chemical properties of phosphate-based solid acids in terms of structure and morphology were investigated and their thermal stability evaluated. Proton conductivity at the intermediate temperature range (150 – 300 °C) was measured and the influence of humidity on the stability of CsH2PO4 in terms of dehydration and water solubility determined. Different approaches for the fabrication of CsH2PO4-based membranes are proposed in order to improve the mechanical properties and reduce the thickness and ohmic resistance of the electrolyte. Membrane fabrication techniques including casting of polymer/CsH2PO4 composites, glass-fibre reinforcement, polymer doping or electrospinning were developed and the resulting membranes characterised in terms of structure, proton conductivity and mechanical stability. The compatibility of CsH2PO4 with IrO2 was evaluated and compared to standard acid electrolyte solutions in a three-electrode half-cell in the low temperature range (40 – 80 °C). The performance of IrO2 towards oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in a CsH2PO4 concentrated solution exhibited poor activity, which was attributed to a high kinetic activation caused by the high pH and high phosphate concentration in solution. Finally the performance of CsH2PO4 as solid-state electrolyte in the electrolysis cell was evaluated at intermediate temperatures (235 – 265 °C). Electrodes were optimised in terms of catalyst and ionomer loading for an intimate catalyst/electrolyte contact and characterised by cyclic voltammetry. The electrolysis system was characterised by quasi-steady polarisation curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The maximum performance obtained by a Pt/CsH2PO4/IrO2 MEA system at 265 °C was 20 mA cm-2 at 1.90 V. This low activity, in good agreement with the results obtained in the half-cell, was mainly attributed to kinetic losses generated in the CsH2PO4/IrO2 interface. The low acidity of the electrolyte is considered to affect the active oxidation state of iridium, Abstract ii creating a non-hydrated oxide layer, which influenced negatively to the performance of the electrolyser. It is therefore concluded that despite the promising results reported for CsH2PO4 as electrolyte in intermediate temperature fuel cells, this material, and presumably the rest phosphate-based solid acids, are not to be considered as potential electrolytes for PEM water electrolysers.
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Книги з теми "Electrolysi"

1

Chambers, M. F. Electrolytic production of neodymium metal from a molten chloride electrolyte. Washington, D.C. (2401 E Str. N.W., MS #9800, Washington 20241-0001): U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1991.

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Chambers, M. F. Electrolytic production of neodymium metal from a molten chloride electrolyte. Washington, D.C. (2401 E Str. N.W., MS #9800, Washington 20241-0001): U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1991.

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3

Vandenborre, H. A pilot scale (100kw) water electrolysis plant based on inorganic-membrane-electrolyte technology. Luxembourg: Commission of the European Communities, 1986.

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4

United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Three-man solid electrolyte carbon dioxide electrolysis breadboard: Final report for the program. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1989.

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5

Roberts, Stephen. Construction of a constant-current power supply for spot electrolysis. Ottawa: Canadian Conservation Institute, 1999.

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6

Canadian Society of Civil Engineers., ed. Electrolysis in the city of Winnipeg. [Canada?: s.n., 1996.

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7

1918-, Stokes R. H., ed. Electrolyte solutions. 2nd ed. Mineola, NY: Dover Publications, 2002.

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8

Sørlie, Morten. Cathodes in aluminium electrolysis. Düsseldorf: Aluminium-Verlag, 1989.

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9

Barthel, Josef. Electrolyte data collection. Frankfurt am Main: DECHEMA, 1999.

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10

Barthel, Josef. Electrolyte data collection. Frankfurt/Main: DECHEMA, 1997.

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Частини книг з теми "Electrolysi"

1

Ito, Kohei, Takuya Sakaguchi, and Yuta Tsuchiya. "Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Water Electrolysis." In Green Energy and Technology, 143–49. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56042-5_10.

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2

Koryta, J. "Electrolysis at the Interface Between Two Immiscible Electrolyte Solutions." In The Interface Structure and Electrochemical Processes at the Boundary Between Two Immiscible Liquids, 3–10. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71881-6_2.

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3

Rieger, Philip H. "Electrolysis." In Electrochemistry, 371–426. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0691-7_7.

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4

Schmiermund, Torsten. "Electrolysis." In The Chemistry Knowledge for Firefighters, 295–304. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-64423-2_20.

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5

Gooch, Jan W. "Electrolysis." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 260. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_4285.

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6

Chen, J. Paul, Shoou-Yuh Chang, and Yung-Tse Hung. "Electrolysis." In Physicochemical Treatment Processes, 359–78. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-820-x:359.

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7

Hryn, John, Olga Tkacheva, and Jeff Spangenberger. "Initial 1000A Aluminum Electrolysis Testing in Potassium Cryolite-Based Electrolyte." In Light Metals 2013, 1289–94. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118663189.ch217.

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8

Schropp, Elke, Gabriel Naumann, and Matthias Gaderer. "Life Cycle Assessment of a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Water Electrolysis." In Progress in Life Cycle Assessment 2019, 53–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50519-6_5.

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9

Hryn, John, Olga Tkacheva, and Jeff Spangenberger. "Initial 1000A Aluminum Electrolysis Testing in Potassium Cryolite-Based Electrolyte." In Light Metals 2013, 1289–94. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65136-1_217.

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10

Cui, Peng, Asbjørn Solheim, and Geir Martin Haarberg. "The Performance of Aluminium Electrolysis in a Low Temperature Electrolyte System." In Light Metals 2016, 383–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48251-4_63.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Electrolysi"

1

Sharma, Neeraj, and Gerardo Diaz. "Contact Glow Discharge Electrolysis as an Efficient Means of Generating Steam From Liquid Waste." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-64062.

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The present study focuses on the performance evaluation of contact glow discharge electrolysis as a potential means for efficient generation of steam from liquid waste in the form of cooling tower blowdown produced at the campus of the University of California at Merced. The cooling tower blowdown, which acts as an electrolyte is fed into a stainless steel electrolytic cell connected to a DC power supply. After describing the transition from normal electrolysis to contact glow discharge electrolysis, the electrolytic cell is run in glow discharge mode for a specific duration of time and data for current, voltage, and rate of steam generation are recorded. Steam generation efficiency as high as 87% is obtained. High efficiency of steam generation makes it a practical method of generating steam from liquid waste.
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2

Kinast, Jan, Matthias Beier, Andreas Gebhardt, Stefan Risse, and Andreas Tünnermann. "Polishability of thin electrolytic and electroless NiP layers." In SPIE Optifab, edited by Julie L. Bentley and Sebastian Stoebenau. SPIE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2193749.

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3

Lee, Jaewon, Dong Kee Sohn, and Han Seo Ko. "Analysis of Characteristics of Bubble on Electrode Surface of Forced Convective Electrolyte Using Image Processing." In ASME-JSME-KSME 2019 8th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajkfluids2019-5064.

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Abstract ‘Electrolysis’ is a technology about the transport of electrons caused by placing electrodes in an electrolyte using the difference of electric potential. It has been applied to various industrial fields, e.g., energy storage systems (ESS), fuel cells, and water treatment. Despite the outwardly simple phenomenon of this technology, it has been investigated because of the complex electro-physical process inside the electrolysis system, which can be designed in various ways. Two plate electrodes placed on a bulk of electrolyte is the most common electrolysis system. The electrolysis systems can be identified by the electrolyte flow, such as Forced convection configuration (FCC), Forced convection-induced circulation configuration (FCICC), and No net flow configuration (NNFC). The purpose of the study about the bubbles around the electrodes was to characterize the potential drop induced by the existence of the bubbles in the electric field. The dispersed bubbles, which have less electrical conductivity than does the bulk of the electrolyte, can reduce the efficiency of electrolysis. Therefore, in order to study the relationship between the electrical properties in the channel and the gas layer, the equation was derived with the void fraction and other electrical variables.
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4

Saksono, Nelson, Irine Ayu Febiyanti, Nissa Utami, and Ibrahim. "Hydroxyl radical production in plasma electrolysis with KOH electrolyte solution." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF CHEMICAL AND MATERIAL ENGINEERING (ICCME) 2015: Green Technology for Sustainable Chemical Products and Processes. AIP Publishing LLC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4938367.

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5

Md Golam, Kibria. "Directly-Deposited Ultrathin Solid Polymer Electrolyte for Enhanced CO2 Electrolysis." In Materials for Sustainable Development Conference (MAT-SUS). València: FUNDACIO DE LA COMUNITAT VALENCIANA SCITO, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.nfm.2022.315.

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6

Antoniou, Antonios, Cesar Celis, and Arturo Berastain. "A Mathematical Model to Predict Alkaline Electrolyzer Performance Based on Basic Physical Principles and Previous Models Reported in Literature." In ASME 2021 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-68815.

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Abstract Hydrogen production through electrolysis is an important research topic since the use of hydrogen as a fuel has the potential to significantly reduce gaseous emissions in near future. The electrolytic splitting of water into hydrogen and oxygen can be carried out using for instance electricity generated from renewable energy sources such as solar radiation. Electrolysis processes occurring in electrolyzer cells are complex phenomena and a clear and accurate mathematical representation of the referred processes is vital to accurate predict electrolyzer cells performance. So a comprehensive mathematical model capable of properly describing alkaline electrolyzer cells performance, in terms of efficiency and hydrogen production rate, is proposed in this work. The mathematical model is based on several physical concepts such as energy losses due to electron and ion transfer, entropy increase, electrolyte flow rate, and electrolyzer physical structure and construction material. Compared to existing models, the new proposed one is more complete as it includes more operational parameters (six) affecting cells performance. Once developed, the proposed model has been fine-tuned using experimental data available in literature. The results obtained using the new developed model are in good agreement with Ulleberg’s experimental data. Based on the work carried out here, it is concluded that developing a mathematical model based on physical principles is crucial in the comprehension of electrolysis related processes and how to utilize them in the simplest and most reliable way.
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7

d’Amore-Domenech, Rafael, Emilio Navarro, Eleuterio Mora, and Teresa J. Leo. "Alkaline Electrolysis at Sea for Green Hydrogen Production: A Solution to Electrolyte Deterioration." In ASME 2018 37th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2018-77209.

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This article illustrates a novel method to produce hydrogen at sea with no carbon footprint, based on alkaline electrolysis, which is the cheapest electrolysis method for in-land hydrogen production, coupled to offshore renewable farms. The novelty of the method presented in this work is the solution to cope with the logistic problem of periodical renewal of the alkaline electrolyte, considered problematic in an offshore context. Such solution consists in the integration of a small chlor-alkali plant to produce new electrolyte in situ. This article describes a proposal to combine alkaline water electrolysis and chlor-alkali processes, first considering both in a separate manner, and then describing and discussing the combined solution, which seeks high efficiency and sustainability.
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8

Dominguez, Rodrigo, Enrique Calderón, and Jorge Bustos. "Safety Process in electrolytic green hydrogen production." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001634.

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The article objective is to analyze the electrolytic process of green hydrogen production from process safety and process safety management (PSM) points of views. The green hydrogen through water electrolysis production of is emerging as one of the main and best alternatives to replace the use of fossil fuels and thus mitigate environmental pollution and its consequences to the planet. For this purpose, the principles of the electrolysis process were established, as well as the different ways to carry it out, among which are: Alkaline electrolysis (AE); Proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolysis and High-Temperature electrolysis (HTE). Its associated hazards and risks were mentioned, and the Dow Fire and Explosion Index (F&EI) was calculated for the three electrolysis methods, obtaining similar results with each other. In addition, the Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering (CSChE) PSM standard and the main international standards must be applied to electrolytic hydrogen production systems, such as: ISO 31000:2018 ; ISO 15916:2015 and ISO 22734:2019, was observed. Like other fuels, hydrogen processes production must be managed with preventive measures avoid events may have negative consequences to people, structures, and surrounding environment.
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9

Nagayama, Takuya, Hiroaki Yoshida, and Ikuo Shohji. "Effect of Additives in an Electrolyte on Mechanical Properties of Electrolytic Copper Foil." In ASME 2013 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2013-73172.

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The effect of additives in electrolyte on mechanical properties of electrolytic copper foil was investigated. Bis-(3-sulfopropyl)-disulfide disodium salt (SPS), animal protein of low molecular (PBF) and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) were added in electrolyte as additives. The additive amount of SPS was changed in this study. The addition of SPS is effective to improve tensile strength and hardness of electrolytic copper foil. With increasing the additive amount of SPS, the grain of electrolytic copper became finer and thus its hardness and elastic modulus increased. On the other hand, fatigue properties improved when the additive amount of SPS decreased and the grain size of electrolytic copper became relative large.
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10

Andryuschenko, T., and J. Reid. "Electroless and electrolytic seed repair effects on Damascene feature fill." In Proceedings of the IEEE 2001 International Interconnect Technology Conference. IEEE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iitc.2001.930008.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Electrolysi"

1

Stencel, Nick, and Joyce O'Donnell. Electrolytic Regeneration of Contaminated Electroless Nickel Plating Baths. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada350616.

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2

Ding, Dong. Quarterly Report on Node (FY2018_Q2): Advanced Electrode and Solid Electrolyte Materials for Elevated Temperature Water Electrolysis to Support UTRC HTE Project. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1478525.

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3

Skone, Timothy J. Rare Earth Oxide Electrolysis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1509117.

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4

Steven Cohen, Stephen Porter, Oscar Chow, and David Henderson. Hydrogen Generation From Electrolysis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/948808.

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5

RIchard Bourgeois, Steven Sanborn, and Eliot Assimakopoulos. Alkaline Electrolysis Final Technical Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/886689.

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6

Saur, G., and T. Ramsden. Wind Electrolysis: Hydrogen Cost Optimization. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1015505.

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7

Xu, Hui, Judith Lattimer, Yamini Mohan, and Steve McCatty. High-Temperature Alkaline Water Electrolysis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1826376.

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8

Eichman, Joshua D., Mariya Koleva, Omar Jose Guerra Fernandez, and Brady McLaughlin. Optimizing an Integrated Renewable-Electrolysis System. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1606147.

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9

Kopecek, Radovan. Electrolysis of Titanium in Heavy Water. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.6899.

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Zaczek, Christoph. Electrolysis of Palladium in Heavy Water. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.6927.

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