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Статті в журналах з теми "Économies d'énergie – Simulation, Méthodes de":
Carrier, F., and E. J. Schiller. "Méthode de dimensionnement du réservoir dans les systèmes de pompage photovoltaïques." Revue des sciences de l'eau 6, no. 2 (April 12, 2005): 175–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705172ar.
Дисертації з теми "Économies d'énergie – Simulation, Méthodes de":
Zoghaib, Maria. "Étude et simulation de méthodes de refroidissement des bandes d'acier défilantes." Paris, ENMP, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ENMP0032.
The main scope of this dissertation is to ameliorate the cooling process of the steel strips in continuous annealing and galvanizing lines. Cooling in continuous annealing and galvanizing lines is of great metallurgical interest. Insufficient cooling capacity can result in inadequate steel grades. Cooling by impinging gas jets over the steel surface is first investigated. The heat transfer rates of this process are limited on one side by the blowing device power consumption and on the other by the occurring non stationary phenomena for high impingement velocities. On one side, the blowing device configuration and blown gas properties are analyzed in order to increase the cooling rates while keeping the power consumption at its lowest. The study is undertaken throughout literature, experimental measurements, and numerical results. An optimized configuration is defined. On the other, a numerical model is developed to simulate the fluid-structure interaction that generates the detrimental oscillations of the strip. A configuration of oblique jet impingement is compared to normal impingement. It was proven to confer more stability. However, the maximum cooling rates reached by gas convection are insufficient regarding the cooling rates to obtain special steel grades. A more efficient technique based on boiling heat transfer is investigated. Due to phase change that occurs in boiling heat transfer, high heat fluxes are dissipated for small flow velocities. In order to sidestep the oxidation problems encountered with water, another liquid coolant is chosen, Pentane. For homogenous cooling patterns and savings in flow requirements, spray nozzles are used to impinge Pentane over the hot surface. An experimental bench is then set-up to characterize the cooling rates of a pentane spray for high surface temperature, i. E. Film boiling regime. The effect of the spray hydrodynamic parameters on the heat transfer process is analyzed and a correlation is developed. T he correlation predicts the evacuated heat flux from the hot surface as a function of the surface temperature and spray hydrodynamic parameters. The developed correlation is implemented in a simulation model in order to predict the cooling rate of a Pentane spray cooling section. The latter is then compared to gas jet cooling section for the same terms of reference. Aside from yielding higher cooling rates, Pentane spray cooling results in savings in power consumption
Kouki, Meriem. "Maîtrise énergétique des systèmes de production : proposition d'un outil d'aide à la conception de modèles de simulation à évènements discrets intégrant l'énergie." Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT4072.
Todays, industries are compelled to innovate and improve their sustainability under economic, political and social pressure in a highly competitive market and within an increasing societal conscience towards environmental issues. In this context, several initiatives have been carried out at both academic and industrial levels to improve energy performance in the production phase. In parallel with technological advances, energy savings by production organization are not always exploited because of a lack of comprehension on the energy behavior of manufacturing systems. To solve this problem, Discrete Event Simulation is a reliable solution, but several barriers still prevent its industrial use: literature approaches lack genericity and reliable procedures for integrating energy consumption data in complex cases. The objective of our work is to propose a simulation tool allowing to predict the energy consumption of manufacturing systems, it serves as a tool to help decision-making to enhance energy performance and productivity usually considered as conflicting goals. This tool is designed following a generic and flexible approach to model and simulate workflows and energy flows in a single platform. In addition, a methodology for integrating complex energy consumption data, based on a stochastic approach, is proposed. Validation of our approach and our tool is carried out in the field of polymer processing
Li, Jun. "Instruments de politiques publiques pour la maîtrise de l’énergie dans les pays émergents : le cas de l’habitat en Chine." Paris, ENMP, 2009. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00005310.
More than one billion square meters of housing should be built in Chinese cities by 2020. At the same time, demand for energy services of Chinese households is very likely to increase as a result of continually improved living standards. Space heating already accounts for almost 40% of energy consumption in the residential sector in China. Thus the energy performance of buildings in Chinese cities represents a major challenge for ensuring energy supply security and combating climate change in the next decades. Several regulations relating to the requirement of the thermal performance of housing entered into force in China successively since the 1990s, the long term consequences of failure in enforcement and implementation have been examined from both energy security and climate protection perspectives. Nevertheless, few of studies in literature have addressed the issue from the perspective of economic investment decision. None of previous studies have studied the extent to which the current decision on more or less efficient standards in the large-scale urban infrastructure like buildings will have ultimately impact on the financing capacity in transforming the society toward low-carbon energy supply and consumption model, and the role the energy efficiency in buildings will play in enabling the public authority to harness the benefits resulting from reduced operation costs in early stage to facilitating the investment in new technology research and development and deployment in the future. The thesis seeks to answer two fundamental questions: 1. Is there an optimal development pathway to buildings energy performance standards in the context of extremely rapid urbanisation in China? 2. If so, what are political and economic instruments to put in place to limit growth in energy demand and CO2 emissions in this sector by taking the economic and institutional characteristics into account? Based on a modelling approach, we compare a variety of strategies to manage energy demand in buildings and their economic costs in a Chinese city by 2030. Our quantitative analysis in the first part of thesis shows that the adoption of current Chinese BEE standards not only fails to achieve an optimal level from societal point of view, but would also be the most costly amongst the technical options available today even without taking into account any cost of environmental externalities. Inclusion of carbon price will certainly favour the high-efficiency construction technology. More importantly, the city-level long-term modelling results show that even partial non-compliance of building energy efficiency today will result in tremendous difficulty in transforming the whole infrastructure under climate and economic constraints. Financing the new generation of low-carbon supply technologies such as renewable heating and carbon capture and storage (CCS) require taking into account the buildings thermal quality without any delays, otherwise the whole urban infrastructure would be saddled with high operation costs dilemma for several decades because both retrofitting and alternative energy supply in this case would be extremely costly and difficult to undertake. Therefore we strongly recommend that serious attention must be attached to efficiency issue today, and the current thermal regulations should be strengthened significantly and quickly to avoid irreversible carbon lock-in deadlock in the next two decades. Indeed, financial shortage appears not to be the insurmountable barriers to upgrading the current efficiency standards based on our modelling results, instead the institutional aspect may be the main obstacle to the no-lose strategy that allows benefits creation and redistribution. Several economic and policy instruments are analysed in the second part to accompany the actions of buildings performance amelioration with removal of institutional barriers. We develop three main models to accompany the learning of high-efficiency construction technology and processing industry : 1). Establishment of a carbon financing system via the integration of the Clean Development Mechanism of the Kyoto Protocol into the construction sector ; 2). Flexibility of land use regulations on property developing and city zoning ; 3). Creation of economic incentives to facilitate third-financing of energy efficiency in buildings, including the involvement of municipal heat companies. In this regard, district heating pricing reform must be carried out accordingly
Bourdoukan, Paul. "Etude numérique et expérimentale destinée à l'exploitation des techniques de rafraîchissement par dessiccation avec régénération par énergie solaire." La Rochelle, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LAROS247.
In the perspective to protect the environment and to reduce building energy consumption, solar desiccant cooling appears as an alternative to vapour compression systems. This technology associates different elementary changes of moist air and presents its highest potential during sunny days. In this work we conducted an experimental and a numerical investigation of a desiccant plant powered by solar vacuum tube collectors. Experimental results showed a high potential for moderately humid climates and the possibility to proceed solely by solar energy with an overall efficiency of the solar installation of 0. 5. When comparing the total energy consumption of the desiccant system and that of a traditional vapour compression system for the same operating conditions and same cooling capacity we obtained a reduction by a factor of 2. Numerical investigation of the system for the conventional and the recirculation configurations showed that the first is interesting for relatively moderately humidity while the second is recommended for elevated humidity. The elaboration of the supply conditions lines yielded a proposal of a dimensioning method. We proposed a control strategy for the system that was able to keep the building conditions in the comfort zone. The investigation of solar energy use in the desiccant process showed that vacuum tube collectors have a solar fraction over 90% and an overall efficiency of 0. 5. Finally the life cycle assessment conducted on the experimental desiccant plant in comparison with the vapour compression system showed that desiccant cooling is a relevant process in the perspective of the energy savings and the protection of the environment protection
Bourgeois, Denis J. "Detailed occupancy prediction, occupancy-sensing control and advanced behavioural modelling within whole-building energy simulation." Doctoral thesis, Québec : Université Laval, 2005. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2005/22706/22706.pdf.
Ebuy, Habtamu Tkubet. "Design and development of a Co-simulation Platform to study the impact of occupant behavior on building performances." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LORR0251.
Building performance is impacted by several factors, including physical characteristics, envelope, system maintenance, indoor air quality and climate. However, it is important to remember the behavior of the occupants which determines the overall performance of the building. The operational phase is the phase that consumes the most energy from a building, as it involves technical systems, equipment and occupants. The difference between actual energy and predicted energy has been identified as a main knowledge gap in the literature. One of the main reasons for this difference is related to a misunderstanding of the stochastic nature of their occupants: their presence, current activities, activity-dependent characteristics and the resulting implications for perceived comfort. The focus of previous studies has been on energy-related occupant behavior (OB) investigations in residential buildings. This research involves the development and validation of stochastic models within existing academic buildings. Specific models used in the study areas are occupancy, activities, shading, window openings, thermostat and lighting usage. In current conventional simulation tools, occupant behavior is modeled as occupation patterns. The objective of this study is to identify the direct and/or indirect impacts of occupant behavior on the overall performance of the building. The dynamic behavior of the occupants is modeled and simulated along with the thermal aspects of a building. Consequently, to support this study, a chronological review of the literature on OB and its effects on building performance was conducted. This thesis describes our principle validation platform which integrates stochastic occupant models into a multi-agent simulation platform (SimOcc), which communicates directly with the building simulation. Subsequently, building simulations were completed for the buildings using real data and TRNSYS software tools. SimOcc is validated through a co-simulation platform in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the built-in stochastic behavior model of occupants in educational buildings. A belief-desire-intention model is used to develop a set of objectives and plans that an agent should follow to influence the environment based on their beliefs about current environmental conditions. SimOcc uses multi-agent-based modeling to learn how to react to building processes and agents are able to choose strategies without the need for context-specific rules. Using these complementary techniques, the integration of occupant presence and behavior in a single platform to support comprehensive simulation support that can be easily interfaced with various building performance simulation programs is a key contribution of this thesis
Servel, Clément. "Potentialités de la pervaporation dans les procédés hybrides de séparation." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0234/document.
The potential economical interest of using pervaporation, a membrane separation process, in hybrid processes (with separation or reaction unit) has been investigated. The main objective is to determine benefits and limitations of its use for an industrial application. The determination of the interest is predicted by simulation which requires a good understanding and a good representation of the elementary phenomenon of mass transfer and thermodynamic. A multilevel pervaporation modelling is developed, which takes into account the system variability (membranes and compounds) and allows choosing the number of fitted parameters according to the available experimental data. Two different industrial applications are studied. First, the recuperation of butanol from a fermentation medium is exposed. This case study has shown the gain on fermentation productivity when pervaporation, equipped with hydrophobic membrane, is used in direct coupling with fermenter. Next, the dehydration of acetic acid is studied with the aim of reduction the energy consumption of the conventional process. The configuration which has been selected involves a distillation column followed by a pervaporation module, equipped with a hydrophilic membrane. Performances of four membranes have been experimentally determined by for this application. Finally, a simulation methodology is developed, which can be applied to determine the membrane performances that need to be achieved to replace conventional processes with a hybrid process while respecting industrial specifications
Thiers, Stéphane. "Bilans énergétiques et environnementaux de bâtiments à énergie positive." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00004692.
Delille, Gauthier Marc Aimé. "Contribution du Stockage à la Gestion Avancée des Systèmes Électriques : approches Organisationnelles et Technico-économiques dans les Réseaux de Distribution." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00586088.
Wan, Hang. "Matériaux communicants : modélisation et gestion de la consommation d’énergie." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LORR0131.
With the popularization of the Internet of Things, more and more intelligent products appear in our daily life. The McBIM project (Materials communicating with the Building Information Modelling) aims to design a new type of “communicating concrete”: concrete elements equipped with embedded wireless sensor network (WSN). This communicating concrete can measure the physical environment, store the information and exchange data with BIM platforms. One objective is to demonstrate the usefulness of the concept over the whole building lifecycle and the energy management is one of the facing challenges. Meanwhile, the product, user information as well as the large amount of monitoring data bring challenges regarding data management. To solve both issues, this work proposes to couple the physical communicating concrete to an external, digital and intelligent system in order to extend network lifetime. In this thesis, these physical and digital parts are both studied. In the physical part, energy saving methods are reviewed, to understand how to extend the network lifetime. Network routing, in-network data processing and time synchronization are considered to build an energy model for periodic data collection. This energy model is validated with an Arduino-XBee based platform. The experiment shows that the analytic energy estimation model provides an approximate but accurate remaining energy level. It can be used online by nodes or remotely by user to the remaining energy. Energy-related data and collection modes can be managed by the digital part, based on a multi-agent system (MAS). The MAS can not only store monitoring data of communicating elements but also provide energy efficient data collection or organization strategies. Composition of communicating elements may happen in construction or exploitation lifecycle’s phase to reduce energy consumption. A recursive multi-agent architecture is proposed to meet high flexibility requirements. This multi-agent system is implemented on a 3D simulation platform to visualize the communicating concrete and verify the usefulness of our analytic energy model. The recursive multi-agent architecture provides energy efficiency solutions to extend network lifetime and respond to environmental changes
Книги з теми "Économies d'énergie – Simulation, Méthodes de":
Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers., ed. Building energy and environmental modelling. London: CIBSE, 1998.
Canada. Office of Energy Efficiency. Energy and the environment: Activity book 2, 2009-2010. [Ottawa]: Office of Energy Efficiency, 2009.
Chartered Institute of Building Services Engineers. Cibse Applications Manual Am11: Building Energy and Environmental Modelling (CIBSE Applications Manual). Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers, 1998.
Design Energy Simulation for Architects. Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2014.
Anderson, Kjell. Design Energy Simulation for Architects. Routledge, 2014.
Hemsath, Timothy L., and Kaveh Alagheh Bandhosseini. Energy Modeling in Architectural Design. Routledge, 2017.
Hemsath, Timothy L., and Kaveh Alaghe Bandhosseini. Energy Modeling in Architectural Design. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.
Hemsath, Timothy L., and Kaveh Alagheh Bandhosseini. Energy Modeling in Architectural Design. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.
Anderson, Kjell. Design Energy Simulation for Architects: Guide to 3D Graphics. Taylor & Francis Group, 2014.
Mathur, Jyotirmay, Vishal Garg, and Aviruch Bhatia. Building Energy Simulation: A Workbook Using DesignBuilder. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.