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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Ecology Philosophy"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 1 серпня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Ecology Philosophy"

1

McLaughlin, Andrew. "Ecology and Philosophy." Philosophical Inquiry 8, no. 1 (1986): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/philinquiry198681/21.

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2

Schönfeld, Martin. "Ecology and Chinese Philosophy." Journal of Chinese Philosophy 43, no. 3-4 (March 3, 2016): 178–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15406253-0430304004.

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3

Visvader, John. "Philosophy and Human Ecology." Human Ecology Review 23, no. 2 (December 13, 2017): 125–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.22459/her.23.02.2017.15.

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4

김완구. "Wilderness Philosophy and Ecology." Environmental Philosophy ll, no. 14 (December 2012): 61–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.35146/jecoph.2012..14.003.

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5

Luryi, Serge. "Physics, philosophy, and … ecology." Physics Today 59, no. 5 (May 2006): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2216962.

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6

Zhang, Xiaomeng. "Justice and ecology: from a perspective of political philosophy." Terra Economicus 14, no. 1 (March 2016): 88–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.18522/2073-6606-2016-14-1-88-97.

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7

Schönfeld, Martin. "Introduction: Ecology and Chinese Philosophy." Journal of Chinese Philosophy 43, no. 3-4 (September 2016): 178–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1540-6253.12264.

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8

Lean, Christopher Hunter. "General Unificatory Theories in Community Ecology." Philosophical Topics 47, no. 1 (2019): 125–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/philtopics20194717.

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Анотація:

The question of whether there are laws of nature in ecology has developed substantially in the last 20 years. Many have attempted to rehabilitate ecology’s lawlike status through establishing that ecology possesses laws that robustly appear across many different ecological systems. I argue that there is still something missing, which explains why so many have been skeptical of ecology’s lawlike status. Community ecology has struggled to establish what I call a General Unificatory Theory (GUT). The lack of a GUT causes problems for explanation as there are no guidelines for how to integrate the lower-level mathematical and causal models into a larger theory of how ecological assemblages are formed. I turn to a promising modern attempt to provide a unified higher-level explanation in ecology, presented by ecologist Mark Vellend, and advocate for philosophical engagement with its prospects for aiding ecological explanation.

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9

Meng, Ying. "An Investigation on the Circulation Economical Patterns Based on the Ecology Philosophy." Advanced Materials Research 361-363 (October 2011): 1039–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.361-363.1039.

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The circulation economy guides the economic activity through both of the ecology rules and movements of the materials circulation in ecosystem. The purpose of the circulation economy is to change the traditional economical development pattern by the ways of recycling the resources so that a new economic system that conforms the ecology rules would be constructed. It is highly significant to conduct the research of the circulation economical strategy of enterprise development on the basis of ecology's basic philosophy. This study, from the perspective of ecological economics, has analyzed application of the ecology principles in circulation economy process of the enterprise development.

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10

Lauer, Dean. "Expropriating Nature: The Decoding of Deep Ecology." Worldviews: Global Religions, Culture, and Ecology 9, no. 3 (2005): 315–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853505774841669.

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AbstractIn this essay, I suggest that Nina Witoszek's semiotic dismantling of Arne Næss' philosophy of deep ecology is more than just an effort to situate Næss within the tradition of his native culture. Her sociological method, perhaps unwittingly, is hostile to the phenomenological possibility of what Næss calls "spontaneous experience". Because the "decoding" of deep ecology takes place in the context of a sign-functional nexus, deep ecology's most valuable asset, the possibility for intimate experience and identification with nature, becomes expropriated within the system of signs. In other words, the cerebral and theoretical force of semiotic analysis may block access to the profound understanding of nature to which Næss' philosophy is dedicated.

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Дисертації з теми "Ecology Philosophy"

1

De, Laplante Kevin Leo. "Toward a general philosophy of ecology." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0023/NQ31151.pdf.

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2

Drinkwater, Christopher. "Ecology and postmodernity." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268672.

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3

De, Jonge Eccy. "Spinoza's metaphysics as the basis for a deep ecology." Thesis, University of Essex, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343273.

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4

Steinbrecher, Stephanie A. "The Philosophy of Ecology in John Steinbeck's The Grapes of Wrath." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2016. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/866.

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Анотація:

This thesis explores the possibilities for ecocritical study in fiction through John Steinbeck’s 1939 novel The Grapes of Wrath. Major ecocritical interpretation has yet to gain much traction in novels; by focusing on human nature, this form’s “anthropocentric” posture seems itself to be antithetical to ecocritical efforts, which aim to unseat humans as the center of the moral universe. However, by analyzing The Grapes of Wrath’s formal, narratorial, and thematic valences, I argue that principles of social justice concurrently imply environmental justice in the philosophical currents of the text. Tenets of deep ecology and Aldo Leopold’s “land ethic” inform the novel’s overall environmental outlook. The key to my interpretation is the value of community at the center of Steinbeck’s world. To expand principles of the collectivism and compassion in the social community to include the broader ecological community, I focus on the narrative’s unique Judeo-Christian spirituality and humanistic discourse. Ultimately I identify cohesion in The Grapes of Wrath’s composition that makes a single narrative of both the natural and the human worlds, and that creates a moral universe that guides ethical behavior towards others, both human and non-human; in doing so, I argue Steinbeck’s novel both enacts and represents an ecologically minded ethic.

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5

Tatray, Dara Linda Miriam School of History &amp Philosophy of Science UNSW. "Rebuilding the foundations of deep ecology a nondualist approach." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of History and Philosophy of Science, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/25147.

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This work examines the representations of the Perennial Philosophy in the literature of the Deep Ecology movement, and the negative response of critics to the Self-realisation approach. It then goes on to suggest that a deeper engagement with the nondualistic doctrines Naess embraced could lift environmental philosophy out of the Cartesian framework in which it appears to be bogged down. Deep Ecology has been accused of being politically ineffective, and letting down the environmental movement, because it remains insufficiently engaged with debates concerning power, class, sex, and other hegemonies that occupy the minds of social ecologists, ecofeminists, and cultural studies theorists. I argue that Deep Ecology is not as ineffective as detractors claim, but that it remains philosophically undeveloped, and has not provided sound foundations for environmental ethics. The qualified nondualism I advance, based on Ved??nta, the work of David Bohm, and (to a lesser extent) Platonic thought, treats cosmos, society and the individual as intelligent creative systems in which the interrelated parts are expressions of a vital generative order to which each is actively related. The Self is a mirror of the cosmos, engaged in the process of becoming a more complete reflection of the totality. In all of this the nature of consciousness as vast creative intelligence is paramount, and freedom dominates the entire process from beginning to end. This thesis offers an opportunity to rethink ideas of value, moral considerability, and the nature of the empirical self, from a nondualistic perspective. It proposes that "intrinsic unity" might replace the community as the foundational moral concept for environmental ethics. In the process, emphasis shifts away from the objective sphere and settles firmly on the thinker and thought. Following Bohm and Krishnamurti, I argue that conditioned thought is the only barrier to (inner) freedom and creativity. Most important, the metaphysics of nondualism privileges processes of universal Self-realisation, and reveals the limitations of the empirical self. Understanding thought as a process then becomes something of a moral imperative.

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6

Martin, Vernon J. "Negotiating Environmental Relationships: Why Language Matters to Environmental Philosophy." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2003. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4409/.

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Анотація:

The medium of language is important to environmental philosophy, and more specifically, to the establishment and understanding of environmental relationships. The differences between animal and human language point to our unique semantic range, which results from our neuro-linguistic process of signification. An examination of the linguistic implications of the problem of nature and the tenets of semiotics challenges the idea of a clean word to world fit. Because signs are the medium in which meaning is constructed, questions about nature must in part be questions of language. Environmental discourse itself is bound up in sociolinguistic productions and we must attend not only to what language says, but to what it does. NEPA functions as a speech act that systematically invokes an ethical framework by which it colonizes the domain of valuation and fails to provide a genuine opportunity for non-commodity values to be expressed.

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7

Dinneen, Nathan. "Ranges of consideration: crossing the fields of ecology, philosophy and science studies." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2002. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3292/.

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Environmental issues are often complex with many different constituents operating according to a broad range of communication techniques. In order to foster negotiations, different perspectives need to be articulated in lucid ways sensitive to various viewpoints and circumstances. In my thesis I investigate how certain approaches to environmental discourse effect dialogue and negotiation. My first two chapters focus on environmental problems surrounding rangeland ecology along the U.S./Mexico border; whereas the last two chapters explore more theoretical conflicts concerning the philosophy of nature. Throughout the thesis I show the significance of nonhumans (prairie dogs, cattle, biological assessment sheets, environmental laws, etc.) in the human community. Only by considering the roles of nonhumans do we broaden and enrich the conversation between ourselves concerning environmental issues.

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8

Bradley, Joff Peter Norman. "Zerrissenheit and schizoanalysis : philosophy, pedagogy and media ecology in the Japanese context." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2016. http://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/612205/.

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This thesis, as a work of applied schizoanalysis, focuses on the social, affective and pedagogical issues pertaining to communication technologies, and the breakdown and breakthroughs of individuals that use these technologies, particularly in educational institutions. Detailed attention is given to the nature of 'control societies’ (Deleuze, 1992) within Asian educational contexts. The core conceptualisation of the thesis is that the crisis in modern societies can be explained heuristically by utilising the notions of Zerrissenheit and schizoanalysis. The thesis argues that schizoanalysis can be used as a political and cultural tool with widespread application and relevance in exploring and explaining areas pertaining to education, language, communication and affect. Honing in on specific examples, the thesis explores the decline of writing, endemic passivity, detachment, and loneliness as striking forms of social schizophrenia in East Asia. Where applicable I use the concept of Zerrissenheit or torn-to-pieces-hood to test the interrogative power of this thesis as a schizo tool for explaining contemporary (a)social phenomenon. This thesis explicates upon and is informed by Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari’s individual and collaborative works, as well as the philosophy of Bernard Stiegler. This thesis contributes to the fields of continental thought and philosophy, and critical educational studies, by addressing the negative effects of technology and the proliferation of psychopathologies and maladies in Japan and further afield.

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9

Van, Zanten Joel A. "Foundations of Deep Ecology: Daoism and Heideggerian Phenomenology." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1249483297.

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10

Greaves, Thomas Guy. "The poverty of ecology : Heidegger, living nature and environmental thought." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2007. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/1147/.

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Анотація:

This thesis examines the question of living nature and its bearing on ecological thought in the light or the philosophy of Martin Heidegger. The difficulty of adequately thinking about living nature in the terms developed in Being and Time (1927) is taken as the starting point for the investigation. The thesis concentrates on Heidegger's thought in the period beginning with the 1929/30 lectures The Fundamental Concepts of Metaphysics: World, Finitude, Solitude and ending with the courses on Heraclitus in 1943 and 1944. In this 'middle period' Heidegger' attempts to fonnulate a phenomenology of animal life and then a thinking of the place of living nature in the 'history of being' which does not return to the vitalist principles with which he had previously broken. The thesis considers the extent to which these attempts to find another way to think about living nature are successful. To this end a variety of lecture and seminar courses together with manuscripts from this period are discussed, some of which have only recently become available, including the seminars on Nietzsche's second Untimely Meditation and Herder's Treatise on the Origin ofLanguage and the manuscripts Besinnung and Die Geschichte des Seyns. Contemporary responses to Heidegger's thinking of living nature and its relevance for philosophical ecology, including those of Jacques Derrida, Michel Haar, Giorgio Agamben and Michael Zimmennan are re-evaluated on this basis. -. :'. j,- Abstract - The guiding concept of the investigation is the notion of poverty, which plays a variety of roles in the context under discussion. In particular, the thesis presented in The Fundamental Concept of Metaphysics that the animal is 'poor in world', has been seriously misunderstood by many commentators. If the poverty in question is properly understood as a thesiS concerning the fundamental attunement of the encounter between Dasein and living nature, then we can see how this concept of poverty develops in various directions in the following years, informing Heidegger's understanding of the capabilities of living beings, of the 'earth', the silence of language and finally allows for the development of a thinking of freedom that is proper to the earth itself, rather than a development beyond the earthly. It is argued that the notion of poverty is an essential counter to a prevalent Spinozist and Nietzschean strain in ecological thought that thinks living nature on the basis of plenum or overflow and concedes no space for a true freedom of the earth.

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Книги з теми "Ecology Philosophy"

1

Fry, Tony. Remakings: Ecology, design, philosophy. Sydney, NSW: Envirobook, 1994.

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2

Allen, T. F. H. Toward a unified ecology. New York: Columbia University Press, 1992.

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3

Miśra, Hr̥dayanārāyaṇa. Pāristhitikī darśana =: Philosophy of ecology. Ilāhābāda: Śekhara Prakāśana, 1999.

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4

Miśra, Hr̥dayanārāyaṇa. Pāristhitikī darśana =: Philosophy of ecology. Ilāhābāda: Śekhara Prakāśana, 1999.

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5

Konstantine, Bourouris, Kalimtzis Kostas, and International Association For Greek Philosophy., eds. Philosophy and ecology: Greek philosophy and the environment. Athens, Greece: Ionia Publications, 1999.

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6

Thomas-Pellicer, Ruth. Contributions to Law, Philosophy and Ecology. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2016. | Series: Law,: Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315723235.

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7

Neumann, Roderick P. MAKING POLITICAL ECOLOGY. LONDON: HODDER ARNOLD, 2005.

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8

Montgomery, Pam. Partner earth: A spiritual ecology. Rochester, Vt: Destiny Books, 1997.

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9

Holmes, Rolston. Philosophy gone wild: Environmental ethics. Buffalo, N.Y: Prometheus Books, 1986.

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10

missing], [name. Eco-phenomenology: Back to the earth itself. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 2002.

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Частини книг з теми "Ecology Philosophy"

1

Smith, Anthony Paul. "Philosophy and Ecology." In A Non-Philosophical Theory of Nature, 27–44. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137331977_4.

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2

Nelson, Eric S. "Emptying ecology." In Daoism and Environmental Philosophy, 73–99. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2020. | Series: Routledge explorations in environmental studies: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429399145-4.

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3

Orozco, Lourdes. "Animals, Philosophy and Ecology." In Theatre & Animals, 20–25. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-10431-1_5.

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4

Nelson, Eric. "Emptying ecology." In Environmental Philosophy and East Asia, 109–27. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003217305-9.

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5

Hart, Jonathan Locke. "Literature, Philosophy, History and Ecology." In J. Hillis Miller and the Play of Literature, 236–65. New York: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781032648224-11.

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6

Justus, James. "Philosophical Issues in Ecology." In The Philosophy of Biology, 343–71. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6537-5_17.

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7

Teixeira, Maria-Teresa. "The Ontology of Ecology." In Palgrave Perspectives on Process Philosophy, 133–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81396-3_5.

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8

Bonnett, Michael. "Ecology and Environmental Education." In International Handbook of Philosophy of Education, 1083–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72761-5_75.

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9

Hörz, Herbert. "Ecology as a Challenge to Philosophy." In Beyond Reason, 417–31. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3188-9_20.

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10

Aaltola, Elisa. "Green Anarchy: Deep Ecology and Primitivism." In Anarchism and Moral Philosophy, 161–85. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230289680_9.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Ecology Philosophy"

1

Dancak, Pavol. "Martin Buber’s Philosophy and Integral Ecology." In 6th International Conference on Contemporary Education, Social Sciences and Humanities. (Philosophy of Being Human as the Core of Interdisciplinary Research) (ICCESSH 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210902.007.

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2

Dunmade, Israel, and Kurt Rosentrater. "Designing for multi-lifecycle to promote industrial ecology philosophy." In Optics East 2006, edited by Surendra M. Gupta. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.687266.

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3

Heydarov, Aydın. "Sustainable Development Goals: The Case of Industrial Ecology." In 2nd International Scientific-Practical Conference "Machine Building and Energy: New Concepts and Technologies". Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-kbsj0c.

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Environmentally targeted regulation of material and energy flows in the regional area, which is part of the philosophy of industrial ecology, should be considered taking into account both the welfare of the population and economic interests. Thinking of logistics as the science of managing complex flows in networks provides a scientific basis for logistics and industrial ecology, as well as enabling the movement of resources in socio-economic systems in an economically highly efficient manner. It aimed to achieve the sustainable development goals of industrial systems at different hierarchical levels. These two areas complement each other and create a new integrated development vector for the sustainable development paradigm. In this case, it is very important to understand the concept of management well. Although in both industrial ecology and logistics material flow is studied from physical, environmental and socio-economic perspectives, in logistics it is from physical and socio-economic perspectives. Combining these two components and the foundations of the disciplines will create a new and sustainable basis for policies and mechanisms for the development of regions. In the article, the example of industrial ecology is mentioned as the goals of sustainable development.

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4

Li, Yichen. "The Transformation of Design Strategy for Triple Ecological Methodology of Smart City." In 15th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2024). AHFE International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1005343.

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Анотація:

Since the concept of smart city was launched in 2008, the development of smart city in China has made great breakthroughs, but there are still problems in the development. The current interpretation and research of smart city mostly focus on technology application and top-level design, which is insufficient from the perspective of humanities and social sciences. This paper does not adopt the current mainstream view of technology application regarding smart city issues, or the perspective of top-level design operability under government governance objectives. Instead, it reinterprets the philosophical dimensions from the perspective of humanistic and social ethics. Before the research, this paper conducts an analysis of the current situation of China's smart cities and theoretical reflection on this. The research is divided into two aspects: 1. Trace and analyze of the ecological philosophy of Pierre-Félix Guattari: The philosophical perspective of triple ecology is an important assertion for the current development of society and capitalist globalization, which is directly related to the issue of sustainable development. This paper introduces the philosophical concept of triple ecology of Guattari as a perspective in the field of smart city research and analyzes its triple characteristics. 2. Research on strategy application: It refers to research on strategic application of triple ecological methodology, with individual practice in China, From the perspective of contemporary ecological crisis, this paper systematically reflects on the current development of smart cities regarding value and ethics, critically corrects the development, and points out the possibility of practical connection. By reshaping the concept of philosophical perspective of triple ecology at the methodological level, this paper proposes a triple ecological philosophical design strategy of "strategic research in the context of environmental ecology", "strategic research in the context of social ecology" and "strategic research in the context of individual spiritual ecology".

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Oleynikov, Yu. "SOCIETIES AND CIVILIZATIONS: PRIORITIES OF MODERN RESEARCH." In Man and Nature: Priorities of Modern Research in the Area of Interaction of Nature and Society. LCC MAKS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m2580.s-n_history_2021_44/18-26.

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Despite of unprecedented level of financing and IT support, the world science didn’t demonstrate meaningful fundamental achievements in study of the ecologic problems of interaction between nature and society and the socio-natural history within the recent 50 years. Social and ideology causes of conceptual infertility of social ecology and of social sciences as a whole are analyzed, such infertility rooted in absence of conditions for creative research into problems of profound social-economic transformation of the society and for search of real paths of development of the social form of being of humans and of the whole of planet’s socio-natural Universum. Ideological engagement of contemporary scholars and their leaning towards the “end of history” and “sustainable development” concepts as a justification of eternal and qualitative stability of liberal capitalism are the reasons of this situation in philosophy and in distinct natural and social sciences. Narrow specialization of scholars, poor knowledge of theoretical heritage accumulated in various countries are of considerable importance as well, these drawbacks not allowing for synthesis of data obtained in particular fields of science to lead to development of fundamental understanding about being of contemporary socio-natural whole.

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6

Mokiy, Vladimir, and Tatiana Lukyanova. "Modern Transdisciplinarity: Results of the Development of the Prime Cause and Initial Ideas." In InSITE 2022: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences InSITE 2022. Informing Science Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4931.

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Aim/Purpose This paper focuses on systematizing and rethinking the conformity of modern transdisciplinarity with its prime cause and initial ideas. Background The difficulties of implementing transdisciplinarity into science and education are connected with the fact that its generally accepted definition, identification characteristics, and methodological features are still missing. In or-der to eliminate these disadvantages of transdisciplinarity, its prime cause and initial ideas had to be detected. It is also important to analyze the correspondence of the existing opinions about transdisciplinarity with the content of these cause and ideas. Methodology The qualitative analysis of the literature reviews on the subject of transdisciplinary was used in order to determine the correspondence of the opinions about the transdisciplinarity with the meaning of its prime cause and initial ideas. These opinions had to be generalized as well. Through this method, it was possible to detect and classify opinions into 11 groups including 39 stereotypes of transdisciplinarity. For substantiation of transdisciplinary approaches that are consistent with the approaches of contemporary science, C.F. Gauss random variables normal distribution was used. The “Gauss curve” helped to show the place of transdisciplinary and systems transdisciplinary approaches in the structure of academic and systems approaches. The “Gauss curve” also demonstrated the step-by-step “broadening of the scientific worldview horizon due to sequential intensification of synthesis, integration, unification, and generalization of the disciplinary knowledge.” Contribution After reconsideration of the results on qualitative analysis of the literature reviews, the generalized definition of transdisciplinarity could be formulated, including the definition for transdisciplinary and systems transdisciplinary approaches. It was proven that transdisciplinarity is a natural stage for the development of contemporary science and education, and the transdisciplinary approaches were able to suggest the methods and tools to solve the complex and poorly structured problems of science and the society. Findings Many existing stereotypes of transdisciplinarity do not meet its prime cause and initial ideas. Such stereotypes do not have deep philosophic and theoretical substantiation. They also do not suggest the transdisciplinary methods and tools. Thus, the authors of such stereotypes often claim them to be transdisciplinary or suggest perceiving them as transdisciplinarity. This circumstance is the reason why many disciplinary scientists, practitioners, and initiators of higher education view transdisciplinarity as a marginal direction of contemporary science. Based on the generalized definition of transdisciplinarity, as well as its prime cause and initial ideas, it was shown that transdisciplinarity is presented in contemporary science in the form of two different approaches, i.e., the transdisciplinary approach and systems transdisciplinary approach. The objective of the transdisciplinary approach is to ensure science development at the stage of synthesis and integration of disciplinary knowledge, while the objective of the systems transdisciplinary approach is to ensure that the problems of modern society are solved through unification and generalization of the disciplinary knowledge. Recommendations for Practitioners The practitioners should take into consideration that the transdisciplinary and systems transdisciplinary approaches have different specific features. Within the limits of the transdisciplinary approach, a team of disciplinary specialists forms a new method to solve each new problem every time. As a result, the solution of the problem is created based on the consensus formed by compromises. Such a solution is difficult to be risk analyzed. Within the limits of the systems transdisciplinary approach, a team of disciplinary specialists uses a universal systems transdisciplinary methodology to solve each problem. In this case, the disciplinary specialists do not seek compromises, but perform their part of research using the disciplinary methods and tools. The disciplinary results are unified and generalized by the generalist specialist, who has a methodology of the systems transdisciplinary approach. Thus, the solution of the problem should be subject to risk analysis since it is included into the basic research process. Recommendations for Researchers The researchers should consider that within the limits of the transdisciplinary approach, the disciplinary specialists are managed. Within the limits of the systems transdisciplinary approach, the disciplinary knowledge is managed. Thus, the transdisciplinary approach is efficient for organization and research with participation of the scientists of the complementary disciplines. An example of such research can be a team of researchers of medical disciplines and complementary disciplines from chemistry, physics, and engineering. The systems transdisciplinary approach is efficient for organization and performance of research with participation of the scientists of non-complementary disciplines such as economics, physics, meteorology, chemistry, ecology, geology, and sociology. Impact on Society The prime cause of transdisciplinarity is associated with a desire of economists, politicians, and managers to find a method of efficient long-range forecasting, planning, and control of social and economic development of the modern society, as well as the search for the solution to current problems accompanying this development. The transdisciplinary approaches formed the methods and tools to solve these tasks. Although society could use the advantages of the transdisciplinary approaches, it is necessary to ensure that in the consciousness of the disciplinary specialists, “the desire to have such approaches” should coincide with “the desire to apply such approaches” for the benefit of the society. Future Research In terms of the main initial idea, transdisciplinarity is formed as a global approach. The global approach should have a traditional institutional form. This implies that it should be a science discipline (meta-discipline) and have carriers with the transdisciplinary worldview. Training for such carriers can be organized by the universities within the limits of the systems transdisciplinarity departments and Centers of Systems Transdisciplinary Retraining for Disciplinary Specialists. Thus, it is reasonable to initiate discussions for the idea to reform the disciplinary structure of the universities while considering the creation of such departments and centers.

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