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Статті в журналах з теми "Ecologiclal task"
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Zinchenko, O. O. "Neurocognitive mechanisms of decision making in Iowa Gambling Task." Современная зарубежная психология 5, no. 4 (2016): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/jmfp.2016050405.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article is devoted to the problem of understanding the decision making under uncertainty. The promising way of investigating the mechanisms of decision making is to use ecologically valid empirical models of decision-making situations. Iowa Gambling Task has been developed to allow research in ecological approach. One of the most prominent questions is to determine neural basis involved in holistic decision making. The article provides an overview of foreign publications and studies on the issue of decision making under uncertainty in case of Iowa Gambling Task.
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Kenworthy, Lauren, Andrew Freeman, Allison Ratto, Katerina Dudley, Kelly K. Powell, Cara E. Pugliese, John F. Strang, Alyssa Verbalis, and Laura G. Anthony. "Preliminary Psychometrics for the Executive Function Challenge Task: A Novel, “Hot” Flexibility, and Planning Task for Youth." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 26, no. 7 (March 17, 2020): 725–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s135561772000017x.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractObjective:Executive functions (EF) drive health and educational outcomes and therefore are increasingly common treatment targets. Most treatment trials rely on questionnaires to capture meaningful change because ecologically valid, pediatric performance-based EF tasks are lacking. The Executive Function Challenge Task (EFCT) is a standardized, treatment-sensitive, objective measure which assesses flexibility and planning in the context of provocative social interactions, making it a “hot” EF task.Method:We investigate the structure, reliability, and validity of the EFCT in youth with autism (Autism Spectrum Disorder; n = 129), or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder with flexibility problems (n = 93), and typically developing (TD; n = 52) youth.Results:The EFCT can be coded reliably, has a two-factor structure (flexibility and planning), and adequate internal consistency and consistency across forms. Unlike a traditional performance-based EF task (verbal fluency), it shows significant correlations with parent-reported EF, indicating ecological validity. EFCT performance distinguishes youth with known EF problems from TD youth and is not significantly related to visual pattern recognition, or social communication/understanding in autistic children.Conclusions:The EFCT demonstrates adequate reliability and validity and may provide developmentally appropriate, treatment-sensitive, and ecologically valid assessment of “hot” EF in youth. It can be administered in controlled settings by masked administrators.
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Monteiro, Margareth. "Ecological Task Analysis and Movement." Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly 25, no. 4 (October 2008): 352–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/apaq.25.4.352.
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Odrekhivsky, Mykola, Ulana Kohut, and D. Zhyla. "Strategic approach to management oh the development of ecological and innovative activities of enterprises." Management and Entrepreneurship in Ukraine: the stages of formation and problems of development 202, no. 1 (June 1, 2023): 77–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/smeu2023.01.077.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The unsatisfactory environmental situation in Ukraine and the world requires the search for new approaches to the management of enterprises aimed at minimizing the negative impact of industrial and economic activities on the environment. Under such conditions, an important task is the formation of appropriate strategies for managing the ecological and innovative activities of enterprises in order to ensure rational decisions regarding the environmental, social and economic sustainability and safety of both individual economic entities and the country as a whole. Ecologically oriented innovation strategies today combine the ideas of ecological innovations, which are the main factor in ensuring ecologically oriented innovative development of companies and, accordingly, sustainable development. Thus, improvement of strategic management of ecological and innovative activities of enterprises is relevant and necessary. An important task is also the use of elements of artificial intelligence in the implementation of the ecological and innovative activity of the enterprise as an open system in order to optimize the management of this activity, the formation of criteria and indicators for evaluating the effectiveness of the system's functioning. The purpose of the article is to study the problems of eco-oriented management of innovative activity and develop proposals for improving the strategic management of eco-innovative activity of enterprises. In order to develop recommendations for improving the strategic management of ecologically innovative activity of enterprises, in accordance with the tasks that were set, the research examines the essence, purpose, main tasks, advantages and principles of eco-oriented management of innovative activities. Indicators characterizing the effectiveness of ecological innovation activity in Ukraine and the world, the degree of ecological innovation activity were analyzed. Approaches to the formation of ecologically oriented innovative strategies are considered. An organizational mechanism for the development of ecologically-oriented innovative strategies and an organizational structure of an intelligent management system for ecologically-oriented innovative enterprises have been developed. The design of an intelligent management system (IMS) of ecologically oriented enterprises (EOE) as a complex system is aimed at ensuring the greening of production and technological processes of economic entities, the greening of industries, regions, and the country in general. It is expedient to focus further research on improving the environmental friendliness of all business processes, actions and operations of EOE with the use of elements of artificial intelligence regarding the adoption of relevant management decisions.
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Hutchins, Edwin. "Ecological Cognition and Cognitive Ecology." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 44, no. 22 (July 2000): 566–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120004402218.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Ecological Cognition perspective emphasizes the fact that human cognition is adaptive to the constraints of the context of task performance. People are good at developing strategies for task performance that take advantage of the informational affordances of the task environment. Therefore, if we wish to understand human cognition, we must look beyond the skin and skull of the individual to the material and social structures with which the mind interacts. Of course, material artifacts and social arrangements are elements of adaptive processes as well. Material artifacts are often crystallizations of regularities in the task environment and they develop over time, changing adaptively to fit the constraints of the task, the properties of the task performers, and the other artifacts employed in the task performance. Such changes in the material artifacts change the informational affordances of the task environment, which creates new opportunities for the development of strategies. Thus, human cognition and the material supports of human cognition must be seen as a co-adaptive system. Similarly, in complex work settings where two or more persons jointly perform tasks, social arrangements are enacted anew each time a socially distributed task is performed. Strategies for the social division of cognitive labor are also part of this co-adaptive system, both constraining and being constrained by mental and material artifacts. These interlocked co-adaptive systems suggest a cognitive ecology. It's a compelling way of talking about such systems. Can it be more than a metaphor?
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Zakay, Dan. "Can the “Musical Stroop” Task Replace the Classical Stroop Task?" Experimental Psychology 61, no. 1 (January 1, 2014): 78–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000211.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The musical Stroop task is analyzed and compared to the classical Stroop task. The analysis indicates that the two tasks differ in the following significant characteristics: ecological validity, the interrelations between the two perceptual dimensions involved, the nature of the automatic process and the existence of a potential Garner interference. It is concluded that the musical task has no advantage over the classical task.
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Tessier, Jack T. "Ecological Problem-Based Learning: An Environmental Consulting Task." American Biology Teacher 66, no. 7 (September 2004): 477–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4451724.
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Neri, Francesco, Stefano F. Cappa, Lucia Mencarelli, Davide Momi, Emiliano Santarnecchi, and Simone Rossi. "Brain Functional Correlates of Episodic Memory Using an Ecological Free Recall Task." Brain Sciences 11, no. 7 (July 9, 2021): 911. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11070911.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Episodic Memory (EM) allows us to revive a past event through mental time-travel. The neural correlates of memories recollection have been identified in hippocampal regions and multiple neocortical areas, but few neuroimaging studies have used an ecological task such as a free recall of a structured story. Using an ecological fMRI-free recall (FR) task, we aimed to investigate the relevant recruitment of the brain networks associated with the story recollection process and its performance. Fourteen healthy participants listened to a brief story and were tested for Immediate-Recall (IR), a task that is widely used in a neuropsychological evaluation. Then, the subjects underwent an fMRI session, where they had to perform a free recall (FR) of the story subvocally. Finally, the participants were tested for Delayed-Recall (DR). IR and DR scores were significantly (r = 0.942; p < 0.001) correlated. FR enhanced the activity of the Language, the Left Executive Control, the Default Mode and the Precuneus brain networks, with the strongest BOLD signal localized in the left Angular Gyrus (AG) (p < 0.05; FWE-corrected). Furthermore, the story recall performance covaried with specific network activation patterns and the recruitment of the left anterior/posterior AG correlated, respectively, with higher/lower performance scores (p > 0.05). FR seems to be a promising task to investigate ecologically the neural correlates of EM. Moreover, the recruitment of the anterior AG might be a marker for an optimal functioning of the recall process. Preliminary outcomes lay the foundation for the investigation of the brain networks in the healthy and pathological elderly population during FR.
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Supaporn, Salee, Patt Dodds, and Linda Griffin. "An Ecological Analysis of Middle School Misbehavior through Student and Teacher Perspectives." Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 22, no. 3 (April 2003): 328–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.22.3.328.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study was designed to investigate how the classroom ecology (interactions among task systems) and program of action influence participants’ understandings of misbehavior in a middle school physical education setting. One teacher and 14 students participated in a 10-day basketball unit with 47- minute classes. Data included fieldnotes, stimulated recall using videotapes, and semi-structured teacher and student pre- and post-unit interviews. Data were first analyzed inductively by constant comparison (Strauss & Corbin, 1998) and then by using Doyle’s (1986) classroom ecology model to understand the inductively generated categories. Data trustworthiness involved prolonged engagement, member checks, and triangulation. Results indicated that the teacher’s weak managerial task system, coupled with vague and incomplete instructional tasks, interacted with a student social system grounded in various forms of talk as social tasks to support a social program of action. Both teacher and student actions jointly created a primary social vector characterizing the overall program of action.
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Hülsdünker, Thorben, Martin Ostermann, and Andreas Mierau. "Motion-Onset Visual Potentials Evoked in a Sport-Specific Visuomotor Reaction Task." Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 42, no. 4 (August 1, 2020): 280–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2019-0255.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Although neural visual processes play a crucial role in sport, experiments have been restricted to laboratory conditions lacking ecological validity. Therefore, this study examined the feasibility of measuring visual evoked potentials in a sport-specific visuomotor task. A total of 18 international elite young table tennis athletes (mean age 12.5 years) performed a computer-based and a sport-specific visuomotor reaction task in response to radial motion-onset stimuli on a computer screen and table tennis balls played by a ball machine, respectively. A 64-channel electroencephalography system identified the N2 and N2-r motion-onset visual evoked potentials in the motion-sensitive midtemporal visual area. Visual evoked potential amplitudes were highly correlated between conditions (N2 r = .72, N2-r r = .74) although significantly lower in the sport-specific task than in the lab-based task (N2 p < .001, N2-r p < .001). The results suggest that sport-specific visual stimulation is feasible to evoke visual potentials. This emphasizes the investigation of visual processes under more ecologically valid conditions in sport and exercise science.
Дисертації з теми "Ecologiclal task"
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Kossack, Merrick Frank. "Ecological task analysis : a method for display enhancement." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24381.
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Lebely, Claire. "Améliorer la prise en charge des troubles des fonctions exécutives chez le patient cérébro-lésé : apports de la remédiation pseudo-écologique et de la stimulation électrique transcrânienne sur la performance comportementale et l'activité électrophysiologique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Toulouse (2023-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024TLSES116.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Les lésions cérébrales acquises, qu'elles soient traumatiques ou vasculaires, sont à l'origine de déficiences motrices, sensorielles et cognitives. Les troubles des fonctions exécutives contribuent à l'altération de l'accomplissement des tâches en vie quotidienne, et ont un impact majeur sur la qualité de vie et de l'autonomie des patients. Pour compenser ces déficits et améliorer leur autonomie, les patients atteint d'un syndrome dysexécutif nécessitent une prise en charge adaptée et spécifique. Actuellement, les batteries de rééducation et les techniques disponibles présentent souvent une faible validité écologique ce qui limite les possibilités de transfert d'apprentissage vers la vie quotidienne. Afin de favoriser ce transfert, il semble crucial de proposer des interventions impliquant des activités fonctionnelles représentatives de la vie quotidienne. Dans cette perspective, nous avons proposé un entraînement cognitif informatisé (Covirtua Cognition®) simulant des situations réelles dans un environnement virtuel. Le premier objectif de ce travail de thèse a été d'évaluer l'efficacité de ce programme de rééducation sur les performances dans la réalisation des activités de la vie quotidienne en situation réelle (transfert d'apprentissage). Pour cela, deux études en multiples cas uniques (SCED) ont été menées, utilisant comme mesure répétée une échelle d'atteinte d'objectifs individualisés, la Goal Attainment Scale. Ce type d'étude permet d'évaluer l'efficacité d'une intervention cognitive avec un échantillon restreint de patients, en recueillant un grand nombre de mesures répétées tout au long de l'étude. Dans la seconde étude, afin de potentialiser les effets de la rééducation, des stimulations cérébrales ont été appliquées pendant l'entraînement cognitif. L'objectif de cette étude a été d'explorer l'efficacité de cet entrainement cognitif "pseudo-écologique", couplé à des stimulations électriques transcrâniennes de type tRNS (transcranial Random Noise Stimulation), appliqué sur le cortex préfrontal droit, chez des patients cérébrolésés ayant des troubles des fonctions exécutives. Dans cette seconde étude, deux grands axes de recherche ont été définis pour évaluer l'impact de ce programme sur les performances comportementales d'une part et les modifications de l'activité cérébrale mesurée en EEG d'autre part. D'un point de vue comportemental, nous avons évalué les performances, en situation de vie quotidienne, grâce à la Goal Attainment Scale. De plus, le fonctionnement exécutif a été évalué par la batterie de tests informatisés "Test Attentional Performance" avant et après l'intervention. Un dernier article, sous la forme d'une "scoping review", répertorie l'ensemble des critères de jugement principaux, utilisés comme mesures répétées en SCED, pour évaluer l'efficacité d'une intervention cognitive à l'échelle individuelle. Nos résultats mettent en évidence des effets modérés de l'intervention visibles principalement à long terme, tant au niveau comportemental qu'électrophysiologique. De plus, il semble que la stimulation n'ait pas renforcer les effets de l'intervention puisque nous avons retrouvé des résultats similaires dans nos 2 études menées en SCED à savoir une atteinte d'au moins 1 des 3 objectifs fixés pour 8 patients. Enfin, les conclusions de la "scoping review" mettent en évidence l'importance du choix de la mesure répétée dans les études SCED, tout en proposant un outil visuel pour aider dans ce choix. Cette thèse contribue à l'avancée des connaissances de la réadaptation du syndrome dysexécutif, permettant d'affiner le profil de patients répondeurs et non répondeurs afin d'optimiser leurs prises en charge. Par ailleurs, ce travail permet de mieux comprendre l'impact d'un programme cognitif sur l'activité cérébrale. De futures investigations sont nécessaires pour identifier des marqueurs neurofonctionnels, plus objectifs, en EEG, prédicteurs d'une rééducation efficaceAcquired brain injury, whether traumatic or vascular, lead to motor, sensory and cognitive impairments. Executive function disorders contribute to the impairment of daily tasks, significantly impacting patients' quality of life and autonomy. To compensate for these deficits and improve their independence, patients with dysexecutive syndrome require tailored and specific treatment. Currently, available rehabilitation batteries and techniques often lack ecological validity, limiting the transfer learning to daily life. To facilitate this transfer, it is crucial to propose more "ecological" interventions involving functional activities representative of daily life. In this perspective, we proposed a computerized cognitive training (Covirtua Cognition®) simulating real-life situations in a virtual environment. The first objective of the present thesis work was to evaluate the effectiveness of this rehabilitation program on performance in carrying out activities of daily living in real-life situations (transfer of learning). For this purpose, two single-case experimental design studies (SCEDs) were conducted, using an individualized goal attainment scale, the Goal Attainment Scale, as a repeated measure. This type of study allows evaluating the effectiveness of a cognitive intervention with a small sample of patients by collecting a large number of repeated measures throughout the study. In the second study, to enhance the effects of rehabilitation, brain stimulations were applied during cognitive training. The objective of this study was to explore the effectiveness of this "pseudo-ecological" cognitive training, coupled with transcranial Random Noise Stimulation (tRNS) applied to the right prefrontal cortex, in patients with acquired brain injuries with executive function disorders. In this second study, two main research axes were defined to evaluate the impact of this program on behavioral performances on one hand, and changes in brain activity measured by EEG on the other hand. At behavioral level we assessed performances in daily life situations using the Goal Attainment Scale. Additionally, executive functioning was evaluated using the computerized Test of Attentional Performance battery before and after the intervention. A final article, in the form of a scoping review, lists all the main outcome criteria used as repeated measures in SCED studies to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive intervention at the individual level. Our results highlight moderate effects of the intervention, mainly visible in the long term, on both behavior and electrophysiology. Furthermore, it seems that transcranial stimulation did not enhance the effects of the intervention results were comparable in our two SCED studies, with at least one of the three objectives achieved for 8 patients out of 15 in both cases. Finally, the conclusions of the scoping review highlight the importance of choosing wisely the repeated measure in SCED studies, while providing a visual tool to aid in this choice. This thesis contributes to advancing knowledge on the rehabilitation of dysexecutive syndrome, allowing for the refinement of profiles of responder and non-responder patients to optimize their management. Furthermore, this work helps to better understand the impact of a cognitive program on brain activity. Future investigations are needed to identify more objective neurofunctional markers in EEG as effective rehabilitation predictors
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Blakely, Megan Jayne. "Born to Run - Dual Task Cognitive Effects of Ecological Unconstrained Running." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9226.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The interaction between exercise and cognitive task performance has been previously examined using cycle ergometer and treadmill running tasks. The interaction between natural (non-constrained) exercise and cognitive task performance has, however, been well less examined. An example of a natural exercise task would be running outdoors on a steep trail where route selection and foot placement are critical for the runner. The performance of runners is examined in a dual trail-running and working memory task. The working memory task involved counting tones, and was performed at both a low workload, in which they were asked to count every fourth low frequency tone and a high workload in which they were asked to count every fourth low, medium and high frequency tone. In experiment 1, runners performed the tone-counting tasks both while running on a steep trail with uneven terrain and while seated (control conditions). In addition, they ran the trail without a cognitive task load. Running distance and counting accuracy significantly decreased during the dual task trials, there was a linear trend the run distance decreased as the task got harder. As the secondary cognitive task demand increased running performance decreased (linear trend). Cognitive performance was only significantly impaired while running for the hard cognitive task (for the easy cognitive task there was no statistically significant difference). Participants reported an increased workload in the dual run-counting task conditions when compared with the seated task conditions. Reports of task focus and feeling of being spent (exhausted) also varied across task conditions. In experiment 2 unconstrained running was conducted in the same manner, on a flat-even terrain track to establish if the route selection and scanning required to negotiate uneven terrain was causing the dual-task interference, or if there is a general interference effect caused by the self-regulatory demands of running, or the direct demands of running itself (exercise). The linear trend of decreased running performance with increased secondary cognitive demand was similar to experiment 1 - the more cognitive load the less distance traveled. The effect on the cognitive task was, however, not evident in experiment 2; there was no statistically significant difference between cognitive task performance in the dual and single-task conditions. The findings outlined in these experiments, demonstrate dual cognitive tasks have a negative effect on running performance, and the cognitive task may also be affected depending on running intensity, particularly where self-paced natural running over terrain is coupled with complex cognitive tasks.
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Stockfeld, Kenneth John. "The Self and the Ecological: Towards an Integration of Selfhood and Environmental Responsibility." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/8057.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
It is not a new question as to whether there might be an ecological ethic. This study examines contemporary efforts to engage this question philosophically. These are found to assume some conception of environmental value, however the way in which it is conceived is seen to have significant implications for the role of philosophy in the question of how we might understand environmental responsibility. If this is to be understood in a substantial sense, thus as more than mere prudent self interest and therefore prompting genuine philosophical questions, then substantial questions about the nature of values and the process of valuing must be addressed. The study shows that addressing these questions requires that we address fundamental questions about the nature of the self, and the way in which the self is constituted by the process of engaging its fundamental goods and values. However, environmental responsibility is found to be something which cannot be understood in terms of a self which engages an environmental good. This is the contemporary notion of the ‘ecological self,’ and it is found to be untenable. It is shown that environmental responsibility, if it is to be tenable in a substantial sense, must be intrinsically part of being a self, such that the task of being environmentally responsible is integrally part of the task of being a self. Kierkegaard provides an account of selfhood as a task, and his account of the self is explored. Courting paradox, Kierkegaard challenges us to understand the self as essentially a matter of both immanence and transcendence. Understanding the self in this way is the means to accommodate the possibility that environmental responsibility is an integral part of selfhood, thus an immanent potential to be realised by the individual rather than something which must be grounded philosophically.
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Костель, Микола Васильович, Николай Васильевич Костель, and Mykola Vasylovych Kostel. "Ecological debt in ecologization of economy tasks solving." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2008. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/8174.
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Ranka, Judy L. "Cognitive strategy application during everyday task performance in men with HIV-1 dementia." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/6617.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A common and clinically important complication of late stage human immunodeficiency virus Type 1 (HIV-1) infection is HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND). HAND encompasses three syndromes, HIV-associated asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment (ANI), HIV-1- associated mild neurocognitive disorder (MND), and HIV-1-associated dementia (HAD). It is estimated that 30-60% of all HIV-1 infected individuals will have at least mild neurocognitive impairment (MND), and 10-15% of those will develop HAD. Research conducted outside medicine has focused on identifying the type and pattern of neuropsychological impairments present in people with HAND, and to correlate impairments identified from neuropsychological testing with scores on laboratory-based tests of everyday task performance. Typically, the performance of tasks and routines in daily life occurs in naturalistic contexts, and is orchestrated around the achievement of personally meaningful, needed and/or desired performance goals. It requires that one uses cognitive strategies to attend, perceive, remember, decide, plan and act on intentions within real-world contexts. Little is known about the impact of cognitive information processing strategy application impairments on the performance of meaningful tasks and routines carried out by people with HAND in contexts where performance would naturally occur. This research addressed this gap by investigating the real-world impact of information strategy application disorder in a sample of 30 men diagnosed with HAD, the most severe form of HAND. The home contexts of those in the sample consisted of home, supported living and residential care. The criterion-referenced Perceive, Recall, Plan and Perform (PRPP) System of Task Analysis was used to identify the level of task performance mastery demonstrated by men in the sample (Stage One), and the information processing strategy application errors that impacted on their performances (Stage Two). The Clinical Staging of AIDS Dementia Complex (CSADC) scale was used to identify the level of severity of HAD. A total of seventy one task performances were assessed across the sample in a variety of naturalistic contexts. None of the men in the sample demonstrated mastery of task performance. The mean Mastery score was 30.07%. The predominant type of error made by men as they performed daily life tasks was Timing; they spent too much time completing tasks. This was followed by errors of Accuracy; they made mistakes in what they did. Descriptive analysis of the PRPP Stage Two scores revealed that these men had difficulties across all domains of information processing strategy application but most notably with Plan Quadrant (Mean 30.75%) and Perceive Quadrant (Mean 53.49%) strategy application behaviours. Rasch calibration of the ordinal PRPP Stage Two strategy application scores produced an interval-level linear hierarchy of information processing strategy application difficulties experienced by the group. Men in the sample demonstrated problems sequencing complex tasks, choosing plans and actions, analysing problems encountered, and monitoring sensory changes during performances. Problems were also identified in their abilities to contextualise their performances to fit within time constraints (Contextualises to Duration), and enact plans in a fluid manner (Flows). Differences in performances between men with mild dementia versus those with moderate/severe dementia identified using a 2 x 4 repeated measures ANOVA carried out on the Rasch-calibrated PRPP Stage Two scores revealed similarities in performance across Perceive, Recall, Plan and Perform Quadrants but those with mild dementia performed better overall. Further analyses revealed specific differences in performance between those with mild versus those with moderate/severe dementia. Most striking about the findings was that men at both ends of the dementia spectrum had relatively good Recall Quadrant strategy application capacities (Mean 75.30%). Even those with the lowest total PRPP Stage Two scores, could recognize and use objects, and recall the procedures of known tasks. A statistically significant predictive correlation was found between Plan Quadrant disorders and severity of dementia. This pilot study demonstrated the utility of the PRPP System, a criterion-referenced, occupation-embedded, ecological method of identifying task performance skill and information processing strategy application disorders impacting on performance, for use with people living with HIV/AIDS who have HAD. Identifying the specific impact of information processing strategy application disorders on real-world task performance provides occupational therapists with information necessary to more specifically tailor therapy to the individual performance and participation needs of people with HIV-1-associated dementia.
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Ranka, Judy L. "Cognitive strategy application during everyday task performance in men with HIV-1 dementia." University of Sydney, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/6617.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Doctor of Health SciencesA common and clinically important complication of late stage human immunodeficiency virus Type 1 (HIV-1) infection is HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND). HAND encompasses three syndromes, HIV-associated asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment (ANI), HIV-1- associated mild neurocognitive disorder (MND), and HIV-1-associated dementia (HAD). It is estimated that 30-60% of all HIV-1 infected individuals will have at least mild neurocognitive impairment (MND), and 10-15% of those will develop HAD. Research conducted outside medicine has focused on identifying the type and pattern of neuropsychological impairments present in people with HAND, and to correlate impairments identified from neuropsychological testing with scores on laboratory-based tests of everyday task performance. Typically, the performance of tasks and routines in daily life occurs in naturalistic contexts, and is orchestrated around the achievement of personally meaningful, needed and/or desired performance goals. It requires that one uses cognitive strategies to attend, perceive, remember, decide, plan and act on intentions within real-world contexts. Little is known about the impact of cognitive information processing strategy application impairments on the performance of meaningful tasks and routines carried out by people with HAND in contexts where performance would naturally occur. This research addressed this gap by investigating the real-world impact of information strategy application disorder in a sample of 30 men diagnosed with HAD, the most severe form of HAND. The home contexts of those in the sample consisted of home, supported living and residential care. The criterion-referenced Perceive, Recall, Plan and Perform (PRPP) System of Task Analysis was used to identify the level of task performance mastery demonstrated by men in the sample (Stage One), and the information processing strategy application errors that impacted on their performances (Stage Two). The Clinical Staging of AIDS Dementia Complex (CSADC) scale was used to identify the level of severity of HAD. A total of seventy one task performances were assessed across the sample in a variety of naturalistic contexts. None of the men in the sample demonstrated mastery of task performance. The mean Mastery score was 30.07%. The predominant type of error made by men as they performed daily life tasks was Timing; they spent too much time completing tasks. This was followed by errors of Accuracy; they made mistakes in what they did. Descriptive analysis of the PRPP Stage Two scores revealed that these men had difficulties across all domains of information processing strategy application but most notably with Plan Quadrant (Mean 30.75%) and Perceive Quadrant (Mean 53.49%) strategy application behaviours. Rasch calibration of the ordinal PRPP Stage Two strategy application scores produced an interval-level linear hierarchy of information processing strategy application difficulties experienced by the group. Men in the sample demonstrated problems sequencing complex tasks, choosing plans and actions, analysing problems encountered, and monitoring sensory changes during performances. Problems were also identified in their abilities to contextualise their performances to fit within time constraints (Contextualises to Duration), and enact plans in a fluid manner (Flows). Differences in performances between men with mild dementia versus those with moderate/severe dementia identified using a 2 x 4 repeated measures ANOVA carried out on the Rasch-calibrated PRPP Stage Two scores revealed similarities in performance across Perceive, Recall, Plan and Perform Quadrants but those with mild dementia performed better overall. Further analyses revealed specific differences in performance between those with mild versus those with moderate/severe dementia. Most striking about the findings was that men at both ends of the dementia spectrum had relatively good Recall Quadrant strategy application capacities (Mean 75.30%). Even those with the lowest total PRPP Stage Two scores, could recognize and use objects, and recall the procedures of known tasks. A statistically significant predictive correlation was found between Plan Quadrant disorders and severity of dementia. This pilot study demonstrated the utility of the PRPP System, a criterion-referenced, occupation-embedded, ecological method of identifying task performance skill and information processing strategy application disorders impacting on performance, for use with people living with HIV/AIDS who have HAD. Identifying the specific impact of information processing strategy application disorders on real-world task performance provides occupational therapists with information necessary to more specifically tailor therapy to the individual performance and participation needs of people with HIV-1-associated dementia.
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Baggs, Edward. "Acting in a populated environment : an ecological realist enquiry into speaking and collaborating." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/16200.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The thesis seeks to develop an account of collaborative activities within the framework of ecological realism—an approach to psychology developed by James J. Gibson in the course of work on visual perception. Two main questions are addressed; one ontological, and one methodological. The ontological question is: given that collaborative activities take place within an environment, what kinds of structure must this environment contain? The response emphasizes the importance of relations which exist between entities, and which connect a given perceiver-actor with the other objects and individuals in its surroundings, and with the relations between those entities. It is held that activities take place within a field of relations. This description draws on the radical empiricist doctrine that relations are real, are external, and are directly perceivable. The present proposal insists that, in addition to being directly perceivable, relations can also be directly acted upon: throwing a ball for a dog is acting on a relation between dog and ball in space. The relational field account of collaboration naturally extends to an account of speaking: people, through their history of acting in an environment populated by other speakers, come to stand in a set of relations with objects and events around them, and these relations can be directly acted upon by others through the use of verbal actions. Verbal actions serve to direct the attention of others to relevant aspects of the environment, and this allows us as speakers to coordinate and manage one another’s activity. The methodological question is this: granting that the environment may be structured as a field of relations, how are we to conduct our empirical investigations, such that we can ask precise questions which lead to useful insights about how a given collaborative activity is carried out in practice? The central issue here concerns the concept of the task. Psychologists are in the habit of using this term quite loosely, to denote the actions of an individual or a group, in a laboratory or outside. This creates confusion in discussions of collaborative phenomena: who is the agent of a ‘collaborative task’? The definition offered here states that a task is a researcher-defined unit of study that corresponds to a change in the structure of the environment that has a characteristic pattern and that is meaningful from the first-person perspective of a particular actor. On this definition, the task is a tool that allows ecological psychologists to carve up the problem space into specific, tractable questions; the task is the equivalent of the cognitivist’s mental module. Task-oriented psychology encourages us to ask the question: which specific resources is the individual making use of in controlling this particular activity? The methodology is developed through an examination of the alarm calling behaviour of vervet monkeys, which is explained in terms of actions on the relational field, and through an analysis of corpus data from a laboratory-based collaborative assembly game. The relational field model promises to provide a way of studying social and collaborative activities on ecological realist principles. The concluding chapter identifies two particular areas in which the model might fruitfully be developed: in the study of learning, and in the theory of designing objects and spaces for interaction.
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O'Donovan, Toni M. "Competing agendas : an ecological analysis of jointly constructed task systems in physical education and sport education." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2005. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7709.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis addresses how teachers and pupils jointly constructed a physical education classroom ecology in one case study school. Taking into account the persuasive influences facing young people in contemporary society, this research addresses the complexity of young people's agendas in physical education from a socio-cultural perspective. Situating this study in a physical education class meant that I needed to explore, not only how young people's agendas influenced the classroom ecology, but also how the classroom structure influenced the agendas the young people pursued and how these were manifested during the lesson. This study is concerned primarily with describing and explaining a case of pupil engagement in physical education and to generate at a substantive level (Glaser and Strauss, 1978) theory which can make sense of the events in the one case study school. The aim is to provide some insights into why things happened the way they did and attempt to explain these happenings. The data presented in this study endorse to some extent the values claimed for the implementation of Sport Education. However, the implementation of Sport Education did not lead to all its' advocates claim for it and, although its implementation highlighted that it is possible to modify some of the agendas young people pursue during physical education lessons, I became particularly interested in the circumstances where sport education failed to hold the many benefits it purports to. Having presented these key findings, this thesis concludes with a discussion of the implications for those working with and for young people, and for the design and implementation of policies and practice in relation to physical education. Although I outline the implications of the issues emerging from this study for future practice which, at the very least, we need to consider, this study has made particularly clear the complexities of introducing change in schools.
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Al-Shiekh, Khalil Wael R. "Integrated land capability for ecological sustainability of on-site sewage treatment systems." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2005. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16171/1/Wael_R._Al-Shiekh_Khalil_Thesis.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The research project was formulated to solve serious environmental and possible public health problems in rural and regional areas caused by the common failure of soil disposal systems used for application of effluent from on-site domestic sewage treatment systems. On-site sewage treatment systems adopt a treatment train approach with the associated soil disposal area playing a crucial role. The most common on-site sewage treatment system that is used is the conventional septic tank and subsurface effluent disposal system. The subsurface effluent disposal area is given high priority by regulatory authorities due to the significant environmental and public health impacts that can result from their failure. There is generally very poor householder maintenance of the treatment system and this is compounded by the failure of the effluent disposal area resulting in unacceptable surface and groundwater contamination. This underlies the vital importance of employing reliable science-based site suitability assessment techniques for effluent disposal. The research undertaken investigated the role of soil physico-chemical characteristics influencing the behaviour of effluent disposal areas.
The study was conducted within the Logan City Council area, Queensland State, Australia. About 50% of the Logan region is unsewered and the common type of on-site sewage treatment used is a septic tank with subsurface effluent disposal area. The work undertaken consisted of extensive field investigations, soil sampling and testing, laboratory studies and extensive data analysis.
In the field study, forty-eight sites were investigated for their effluent application suitability. The sites were evaluated based on the soil physico-chemical characteristics. The field investigation indicated that there were nine soil orders in the study area. These soil orders were Dermosols, Chromosols, Kandosols, Kurosols, Vertosols, Sodosols, Tenosols, Rudosols and Anthrosols. The soils in all the investigated sites were acidic soils in the pH range between 5 and 6.5.
The complexity of the large data matrix obtained from the analysis was overcome by multivariate analytical methods to assist in evaluating the soils' ability to treat effluent and to understand the importance of various parameters. The analytical methods selected to serve this purpose were PROMETHEE and GAIA. The analysis indicated that the most suitable soils for effluent renovation are the Kandosols whilst the most unsatisfactory soil order was found to be Podosol. The GAIA analysis was in agreement with quantitative analysis conducted earlier.
An extensive laboratory column study lasting almost one year was undertaken to validate the results of the data analysis from the field investigation. The main objectives of this experiment were to examine the soil behaviour under practical effluent application and to investigate the long-term acceptance rate for these soils. Twelve representative soils were selected for the column experiment from the previously investigated sites and undisturbed soil cores were collected for this purpose. The results from the column study matched closely with the evaluation conducted at the earlier stages of the research. Soil physico-chemical analysis before and after effluent application indicated that the soils' acidity was improved toward neutrality after effluent application. The results indicated that soils have a greater ability to handle phosphorus than nitrogen. The most favorable cation exchange capacity for soils to treat and transmit effluent was between 15 and 40 meq/100g.
Based on the results of the column study, the long-term acceptance rate (LTAR) was determined for the investigated twelve soil types. Eleven out of twelve soils reported specific LTAR values between 0.18-0.22 cm/day. For the duration of the laboratory study, the Podosol order did not reach its LTAR value due to the extremely sandy nature of the soil. The time required to achieve LTAR varied between different soils from 40 to 330 days.
The outcomes of this research was integrated into a soil suitability map for on-site sewage treatment systems for Logan City Council. This will assist the authorities in providing sustainable solutions for on-site systems failure.
Книги з теми "Ecologiclal task"
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C, Dugdale Richard, North Pacific Marine Science Organization., Global Ocean Ecosystems Dynamics (Program), and PICES-GLOBEC International Program on Climate Change and Carrying Capacity., eds. Summary of the 1998 MODEL, MONITOR and REX workshops, and task team reports. Sidney, B.C: North Pacific Marine Science Organization, 1999.
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Serebryakov, Andrey. Ecological geology. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/971374.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The textbook describes complex natural, geological, geographical, hydrogeological and lithological studies based on modern geological and ecological theories and forming the basis of environmental science.
The theoretical views on the ecology of the geological environment are expanded. The tasks of ecological geology and geography, as well as ecological hydrogeology and ecological lithology are substantiated. Attention is paid to the history of geoecological research in the development of new territories. The influence of the tectonic formation of geological structures on the ecological situation of the Earth's lithosphere is studied. The ecological zoning of the lithosphere and hydrosphere is given. The ecological characteristics of sedimentary deposits, which are associated with minerals of important industrial and environmental importance, are given. The ecological properties of various types of mineral raw materials for their application in industry are considered.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
It is intended for bachelors studying the discipline "Ecological Geology" and Earth sciences, and will also be of interest to environmental specialists in the design and operation of industrial facilities, structures and deposits of natural raw materials.
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Kirlik, Alex. Requirements for psychological models to support design: Towards ecological task analysis. [Washington, D.C.?: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1991.
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Mayorova, Elena. Judicial-ecological examination. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1031595.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The manual includes a modern interpretation of the concept of judicial expertise, and the theoretical basis of forensic and ecological examination, containing a description of its subject, the definition of the scope of the tasks and the objects of expert research. Considered in detail the procedural and organisational issues of appointment and production of forensic-ecological expertise, order of registration of the conclusion outlined the limits of its use in the process of proof. Presents current methodological and conceptual apparatus of the system of examination of this kind, the problems of information support of expert studies.
Meets the requirements of Federal state educational standards of higher education of the last generation.
Addressed to the bachelors of science areas of training associated with the assessment of the ecological state of the environment.
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Norros, Leena. Acting under uncertainty: The core-task analysis in ecological study of work. [Espoo, Finland]: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, 2004.
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Hezri, Adnan. Tasik Chini: A lake at the edge of ecological collapse = sebuah tasik di ambang kemusnahan ekologi. Kuala Lumpur]: Malaysian Asian Public Intellectuals, Regional Project Working Group, 2012.
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Grineva, Elizaveta, Larisa Davletshina, and Nadezhda Bibikova. Formation of ecological worldview of schoolchildren. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1882578.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The textbook outlines the theoretical foundations of the formation of an ecological worldview, provides a model of this process, reveals modern approaches and ideological aspects of environmental education. A conceptual analysis of creativity in the structure of the general abilities of the individual is proposed, innovative technologies in environmental education that contribute to the development of creativity are considered, and attention is also paid to socio-ecological design. The issues of diagnostics of the level of formation of the main indicators of the ecological worldview of students are considered. The manual includes a system of workshops on the development of creativity in the process of environmental education and socio-ecological design, educational tasks in the unity of intellectual, emotional-value and practical-active components, in the unity of global, national and local history components and in the unity of natural science, humanities and cultural components.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For undergraduate students studying in the areas of training "Preschool education", "Psychological and pedagogical education", "Pedagogical education", "Social work", as well as students of secondary vocational education institutions studying in the specialty "Teaching in primary classes".
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Gadzhiev, Nazirhan, Sergey Konovalenko, and Mihail Trofimov. Theoretical aspects of the formation and development of the ecological economy in Russia. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1836240.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The monograph is devoted to the place and role of ecology and environmental safety in ensuring sustainable socio-economic development of society. In the conditions of the forced transition of the economies of the leading countries of the world from an industrial type to a new formation of a green economy aimed at ensuring the preservation of ecological systems and the maximum reduction of damage to the biodiversity of ecological systems, the Russian Federation faces the task of forming a new course of socio-economic development of society focused on the preservation of natural potential and ecology at a level normal for the maintenance of the vital activity of society, flora and fauna in the foreseeable future and in the long term.
The role and importance of environmental safety in the system of ensuring the economic security of the state are outlined, the concept of the ideology of "Global Commons" in ensuring sustainable socio-economic development of society is considered, the problems and prospects of the implementation of the program "Green Course of Russia" are analyzed, special aspects of environmental audit, accounting and control, damage assessment in the field of ecology are investigated. Special attention is paid to the forecast of the dynamics of key environmental indicators for the medium term. The main directions of increasing the effectiveness of the mechanism for ensuring environmental safety in a market economy are proposed.
For a wide range of readers interested in environmental economics. It will be useful for students, postgraduates and teachers of economic universities.
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Agafonov, Vyacheslav, Sergey Bobylev, Sergey Bogolyubov, Gennadiy Volkov, Dmitriy Gorohov, Valeriy Lazarev, Rodion Nikonov, Dmitriy Sivakov, Natal'ya Hludeneva, and Roman Shamordin. Theoretical and legal tasks of preserving the natural potential of Russia. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2134653.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Natural potential as a set of natural resources and properties of the natural environment is one of the competitive advantages of the state and the basis of its sovereignty. Sustainable economic growth and the well-being of society are associated with the preservation of natural potential. The formation of appropriate legal means is considered in the monograph as a complex regulatory task.
The concept of "natural potential" is studied, its role in the construction of legal conditions for the interaction of society and nature is determined. The analysis of the problems of legal support for scientific activities aimed at preserving the natural potential of Russia, the basic principles of environmental and natural resource law, conservation of biodiversity and natural ecological systems is carried out.
Special attention is paid to the concept of regulating the environmental intensity of economic activity, the legal regulation of integrated environmental management, the essence of environmental and legal restrictions, other economic and legal aspects of natural potential, as well as the legal conditions for the conservation of individual natural resources.
For researchers; teachers, graduate students and students studying the problems of law, ecology, economics; government and municipal employees.
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Ismailov, Nariman. Globalism and ecophilosophy of the future. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1212905.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
From the point of view of the new science of globalism, the problems of the ecological, socio-economic state of the world and countries are considered through the prism of the interaction of the human psyche and society and the inhabited world. The criteria of ecological civilization of countries and peoples are justified. Optimizing the consumption of natural bio-and energy resources is becoming a fundamental environmental factor for sustainable development. The "Law of the maximum for humanity" as the law of the biosphere can be the arbitration court, the neutral force that will explain the historical need for mutual understanding, taking into account the interests of ecology and economy for the survival of man as a biovid on Earth; a new reality will begin to form — the phenomenon of co-residence of the world society with the biosphere. The world's population, its energy and bio-consumption, as well as all living matter on the planet, must correspond to the biological capacity of the Earth and not go beyond its boundaries. The task of the society is to implement a worldview breakthrough at the current stage of development, its own cultural mutation, which in the future will create the basis for adaptive technological and socio-cultural development. The task is to classify the entire Earth as a "Green Book" and to solve systemic environmental problems of a global nature. An integral part of sustainable development should be the principle of "vital consumption" at both the personal and social level, instead of the dominant principle of"expanded production and consumption". The indicator of the" culture of consumption "of natural resources, both at the individual level and at the level of society, should be included as an integral part of the integral indicator in the "True Indicator of Progress" and the "Human Development Index".
The book is interdisciplinary in nature; it is a kind of scientific and philosophical poetic essay intended for teachers and students of universities in the field of sociology, ecology, biology and related fields, as well as for everyone who cares about the future of society.
Частини книг з теми "Ecologiclal task"
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Svedin, Uno. "Economic and ecological theory: differences and similarities." In Tasks for vegetation science, 31–39. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5502-8_4.
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Margaris, N. S. "Regional ecodevelopment: ecological initiatives of youth (opening Pandora’s box …)." In Tasks for vegetation science, 55–59. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5502-8_7.
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Simons, J., and P. J. R. De Vries. "Ecological responses of macro- and microphytic algae to water pollution." In Tasks for vegetation science, 150–71. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0599-3_14.
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van Beusekom, Frits, Frances Brazier, Piet Schipper, and Jan Treur. "Development of an ecological decision support system." In Tasks and Methods in Applied Artificial Intelligence, 815–25. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-64574-8_468.
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Thober, B., H. Lieth, S. Fabrewitz, N. Müller, K. Neumann, and T. Witte. "Modelling of the socio-economical and ecological consequences of high animal waste application (MOSEC)." In Tasks for vegetation science, 71–83. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5502-8_10.
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Karsai, István, Thomas Schmickl, and George Kampis. "Material Flow, Task Partition, and Self-Organization in Wasp Societies." In Resilience and Stability of Ecological and Social Systems, 79–106. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54560-4_5.
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Zenkri, Oussama, Florian Bolenz, Thorsten Pachur, and Oliver Brock. "Extracting Principles of Exploration Strategies with a Complex Ecological Task." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 289–300. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-71533-4_22.
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Johansson, Lars-Göran, Thomas Banitz, Volker Grimm, Tilman Hertz, Emilie Lindkvist, Rodrigo Martínez Peña, Sonja Radosavljevic, Petri Ylikoski, and Maja Schlüter. "Introduction: Causation in Social-Ecological Systems." In A Primer to Causal Reasoning About a Complex World, 1–5. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-59135-8_1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractIn this chapter we start the discussion about causal idiom by giving excerpts from three papers, each discussing the dynamics of a social-ecological system. There is plenty of talk about causes in these papers, but, interestingly, the authors talk about causes and effects without much reflection on the criteria for something being a cause of something else, nor about the required evidence for such claims.
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Horden, Peregrine. "The Maritime, the Ecological, the Cultural—and the Fig Leaf: Prospects for Medieval Mediterranean Studies." In Can We Talk Mediterranean?, 65–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55726-7_5.
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Rahman, Muhamad Na’eim Abdul, Muhamad Safiih Lola, Mohd Noor Afiq Ramlee, Mohd Tajuddin Abdullah, and Muhammad Syamsul Aznan Ariffin. "Ecological Balance Towards Sustainable Index of Tasik Kenyir." In Resource Use and Sustainability of Orang Asli, 215–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64961-6_14.
Повний текст джерелаТези доповідей конференцій з теми "Ecologiclal task"
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Wang, Jie, and Xinrui Zhang. "Design and implementation of intelligent ecological fish tank under the background of home intelligence." In International Conference on Mechatronics and Mechanical Engineering (ICMME 2024), edited by Yucheng Jiang, 64. SPIE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.3038426.
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Feigh, Karen, and Romain Lamour. "Display Symbology for a Rotary-wing Air Racer." In Vertical Flight Society 70th Annual Forum & Technology Display, 1–9. The Vertical Flight Society, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0070-2014-9483.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The analysis and design of a new helicopter man-machine interface for a hypothetical rotary-wing air racer as envisioned by the AHS 2012 student design competition is presented. The associated piloting task was modeled using Cognitive Engineering techniques, namely Hierarchical Task Analysis and Abstraction Hierarchy. It was shown that a better integration of collective and pitch control would ease considerably aggressive helicopter flight under manual control while improving the pilot awareness of the constraints limiting the flight envelope. A specific interface could therefore improve both the safety and the performance of helicopters used under such conditions. A corresponding symbology meant to be drawn on either a Head-Up Display (HUD) or a Helmet-Mounted Display (HMD), was conceived using the outcome of this analysis and Ecological Interface Design guidelines. A qualitative evaluation of the symbology seems to show that such an interface would be useful for helicopter applications requiring high agility and most notably quick longitudinal accelerations and decelerations.
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Distante, Cosimo, Pierluigi Carcagni, Andouglas Gonçalves da Silva Júnior, and Luiz Marcos Garcia Gonçalves. "EREMITE: A marinE infRastructurE to MonItor the sTate of the sEas." In Digital Holography and Three-Dimensional Imaging, Tu5B.2. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/dh.2024.tu5b.2.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
EREMITE is a low-cost and open multi-sensory system that monitors and digitises our coastal marine ecosystems to understand their state, ecological health and functioning, with the concept of any sensor, anytime, anywhere. It is made of an optical multi-sensing system onboard an autonomous sailboat that perceives and reasons about underwater abiotic and biotic conditions of our critical natural resources. Besides standard water quality parameters acquired with COTS optical sensors, the drone implements a digital holographic microscope, able to detect in real-time micro-plastics and diatoms. The task of diatom classification and microplastics detection of particles flowing in the micro-channel occurs with deep learning methodologies, which have proven to perform reliably, as shown by the computed metrics.
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Anokhin, Alexey, and Alexey Ivkin. "Evaluation of Ecological Interface Design for Supporting Cognitive Activity of Nuclear Plant Operators." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100773.
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The paper describes procedure and results of evaluation of the Ecological display for monitoring and control of the drum-separators at the RBMK-type NPP. This task is characterized by heavy cognitive workload and insufficient human-machine interface. Trial operation of the proposed Ecological display has been carried out during four months at the full scope simulator of the Leningrad NPP with participation of six licensed control room operators. Four exercises and three realistic scenarios were used to collect experimental data. After execution of the tasks the participants filled the questionnaire.The results from the trial operation demonstrate that the ecological interface essentially quickens response time and execution of tasks (in more than 80% of all cases). The Ecological display provides operator with efficient feedback which ensures moderate increase of accuracy and smoothness of control actions. It was revealed that the use of the ecological interface four time reduces frequency of errors compared with the use of conventional interface. However, the efficiency of the Ecological display depends on situation. We revealed that the additional logical processing and the additional director pointer are required to prevent operator from delays and too sharp control actions
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Wilson, Andrew D., and Sabrina Golonka. "Task Dynamics & the (Ecological) Information They Create." In European Conference on Artificial Life 2015. The MIT Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/978-0-262-33027-5-ch016.
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Wilson, Andrew D., and Sabrina Golonka. "Task Dynamics & the (Ecological) Information They Create." In European Conference on Artificial Life 2015. The MIT Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/978-0-262-33027-5-ch016.
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Surint, T. A. "TASK BASED APPROACH IN TEACHING STUDENTS OF AN ECOLOGICAL PROFILE." In SAKHAROV READINGS 2022: ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF THE XXI CENTURY. International Sakharov Environmental Institute of Belarusian State University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46646/sakh-2022-1-165-168.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article is devoted to task-based language teaching as a branch of communicative language teaching, its features and principles. It covers the criteria of a task, its distinctions and ways of using. The article considers advantages and disadvantages of task-based learning and the ways of solving possible teaching issues.
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Yan, Qike, Feng Cheng, Hui Wu, and Junzhou He. "Design of Ecological Interface for Nuclear Power Plant Based on Cognitive Work Analysis." In 2022 29th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone29-93115.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Nuclear power plant accidents are an important public safety issue, and most accidents occur mainly due to unexpected events of the operator. However, traditional nuclear plant interfaces do not provide operators with the ability to resolve unexpected events. As an interface design method, ecological interface design can improve the situational awareness of operators and is widely used in nuclear power plants and other fields. At the same time, in order to improve the adaptability of the interface structure change, this paper introduces a formative method — Cognitive Work Analysis (CWA). This approach aims to describe the given constraints acting on a complex system from different perspectives and structural levels in order to better show how the system operates, and traditionally consists of five stages: Work Domain Analysis (WDA, which create a set of models that describe how complex systems work and then use those models to guide system design), Control Task Analysis (ConTA, which Build models for known repetitive tasks), Strategy Analysis (StrA, which observe known repetitive activity in more detail), Social Organization & Cooperation Analysis (SOCA, which designed to address team communication and cooperation constraints and boundary conditions), and Worker Competencies Analysis (WCA, which describe the level of cognitive control required by the operator to accomplish different system functional goals and tasks). This article will discuss the framework for the use of these five stages at the ecological interface.
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Gorokhova, Marina S. "Yaroslavl is our EcoHome." In The libraries and ecological education: Theory and practice. Russian National Public Library for Science and Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33186/978-5-85638-255-5-2022-59-64.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The main task of Yaroslavl Ecological Library is to support development of individuals who value life and environment. The author shares the experience of the local ecological project «Yaroslavl is our EcoHome» aimed at building civil responsibility for the homeland and orienting the participants toward practical participation in environmental protection.
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Morineau, Thierry, Pascal Chapelain, and Philippe Quinio. "An ecological analysis of task subgoals during a simulated medical emergency." In ECCE '15: European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics 2015. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2788412.2788421.
Повний текст джерелаЗвіти організацій з теми "Ecologiclal task"
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Morkun, Volodymyr S., Сергій Олексійович Семеріков, and Svitlana M. Hryshchenko. Use of the system Moodle in the formation of ecological competence of future engineers with the use of geoinformation technologies. Видавництво “CSITA”, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/0564/718.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
At present the information and communication technologies in education can be a catalyst in solving important social problems connected with increasing the educational resources and services availability and quality, real and equal opportunities in getting education for citizens despite their residence, social status and income. One of the most important education tasks is to develop students’ active cognitive attitude to knowledge. Cognitive activity in universities is a necessary stage in preparing for further professional life. The solution of task of formation of ecological competence of mining profile engineer requires the reasonable selection of the means of information and communication technologies conducing formation of ecological competence. Pressing task is constructive and research approach to preparation of future engineers to performance of professional duties in order to make them capable to develop engineering projects independently and exercise control competently. The relevance of the material covered in the article, due to the need to ensure the effectiveness of the educational process in the preparation of the future Mining Engineers. We analyze the source with problems of formation of ecological competence. The article focuses mainly general-purpose computer system support learning Moodle, which allows you to organize individual and collective work of students to master the specialized course teaching material used in teaching special course "Environmental Geoinformatics" in the implementation of educational research.
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Efroymson, R. A., B. L. Jackson, and D. S. Jones. Waste area grouping 2 Phase I task data report: Ecological risk assessment and White Oak Creek watershed screening ecological risk assessment. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/251610.
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Morkun, Vladimir S., Serhiy O. Semerikov, Nataliya V. Morkun, Svitlana M. Hryshchenko, and Arnold E. Kiv. Defining the Structure of Environmental Competence of Future Mining Engineers: ICT Approach. [б. в.], November 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/2650.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The object is to the reasonable selection of the ICT tools for formation of ecological competence. Pressing task is constructive and research approach to preparation of future engineers to performance of professional duties in order to make them capable to develop engineering projects independently and exercise control competently. Subject of research: the theoretical justification of competence system of future mining engineers. Methods: source analysis on the problem of ecological competence formation. Results: defining the structure of environmental competence of future mining engineers. Conclusion: the relevance of the material covered in the article, due to the need to ensure the effectiveness of the educational process in the preparation of the future mining engineers.
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Romanchuk, Viktoriya, та Oleh Romanchuk. Екологічні загрози і національна безпека України. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, березень 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2023.52-53.11722.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Today, we are more likely to speak and write about the more progressive destruction of land biosphere as a result of irrational economic activities of mankind – the replacement of traditional natural ecosystems by anthropogenic systems (techno-, urban- and agro-systems), discuss the harmonization of the interaction of society and nature, talk about growing socio-political tension and instability on the planet. However, it is not just about understanding the effects of environmental civilization, but also awareness of the psychological and socioeconomic consequences of the brutal destruction of the biosphere, finding ways and means of solving the tasks associated with the ecological crisis, which has already entered the geopolitical level – during the last years there is carried out an intensive research on the effects of the crisis in the biosphere on the system of national interests and state security. The war waged by the Russian Federation against Ukraine is causing serious environmental damage to the Ukrainian state. Combat operations spoil the air, pollute water bodies, destroy forests and unique ecosystems, destroy crops and, in the long run, can cause colossal damage to the ecosystem of the whole Eastern Europe, and shorten the lives of Ukrainians. Key words: biosphere, ecosystem, evolution, ecology, civilization, the Russian-Ukrainian war, safety, problem, ecology.
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Holt, V. L., and L. A. Baron. WAG 2 remedial investigation and site investigation site-specific work plan/health and safety checklist for the ecological assessment task, Kingfisher Study. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10107988.
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Sackschewsky, Michael R., and Janelle L. Downs. Ecological Data in Support of the Tank Closure and Waste Management Environmental Impact Statement. Part 2: Results of Spring 2007 Field Surveys. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1097342.
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Schmidt-Sane, Megan, Syed Abbas, Soha Karam, and Jennifer Palmer. RCCE Strategies for Monkeypox Response. SSHAP, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2022.020.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Given the health, social, and economic upheavals of the COVID-19 pandemic, there is understandable anxiety about another virus, monkeypox, quickly emerging in many countries around the world. In West and Central Africa, where the disease has been endemic for several decades, monkeypox transmission in humans usually occurs in short, controllable chains of infection after contact with infected animal reservoirs. Recent monkeypox infections have been identified in non-endemic regions, with most occurring through longer chains of human-to-human spread in people without a history of contact with animals or travel to endemic regions. These seemingly different patterns of disease have prompted public health investigation. However, ending chains of monkeypox transmission requires a better understanding of the social, ecological and scientific interconnections between endemic and non-endemic areas. This brief is intended to be read in conjunction with the companion brief entitled ‘Social Considerations for Monkeypox Response’.1 In this set of briefs, we lay out social considerations from previous examples of disease emergence to reflect on 1) the range of response strategies available to control monkeypox, and 2) specific considerations for monkeypox risk communication and community engagement (RCCE). These briefs are intended to be used by public health practitioners and advisors involved in developing responses to the ongoing monkeypox outbreak, particularly in non-endemic countries. This brief on RCCE strategies for monkeypox response was written by Megan Schmidt-Sane (IDS), Syed Abbas (IDS), Soha Karam (Anthrologica), and Jennifer Palmer (LSHTM), with contributions from Hayley MacGregor (IDS), Olivia Tulloch (Anthrologica), and Annie Wilkinson (IDS). It was reviewed by Will Nutland (The Love Tank CIC/PrEPster) and was edited by Victoria Haldane (Anthrologica). This brief is the responsibility of SSHAP.
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Anderson, Donald M., Lorraine C. Backer, Keith Bouma-Gregson, Holly A. Bowers, V. Monica Bricelj, Lesley D’Anglada, Jonathan Deeds, et al. Harmful Algal Research & Response: A National Environmental Science Strategy (HARRNESS), 2024-2034. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, July 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1575/1912/69773.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Harmful and toxic algal blooms (HABs) are a well-established and severe threat to human health, economies, and marine and freshwater ecosystems on all coasts of the United States and its inland waters. HABs can comprise microalgae, cyanobacteria, and macroalgae (seaweeds). Their impacts, intensity, and geographic range have increased over past decades due to both human-induced and natural changes. In this report, HABs refers to both marine algal and freshwater cyanobacterial events. This Harmful Algal Research and Response: A National Environmental Science Strategy (HARRNESS) 2024-2034 plan builds on major accomplishments from past efforts, provides a state of the science update since the previous decadal HARRNESS plan (2005-2015), identifies key information gaps, and presents forward-thinking solutions. Major achievements on many fronts since the last HARRNESS are detailed in this report. They include improved understanding of bloom dynamics of large-scale regional HABs such as those of Pseudo-nitzschia on the west coast, Alexandrium on the east coast, Karenia brevis on the west Florida shelf, and Microcystis in Lake Erie, and advances in HAB sensor technology, allowing deployment on fixed and mobile platforms for long-term, continuous, remote HAB cell and toxin observations. New HABs and impacts have emerged. Freshwater HABs now occur in many inland waterways and their public health impacts through drinking and recreational water contamination have been characterized and new monitoring efforts have been initiated. Freshwater HAB toxins are finding their way into marine environments and contaminating seafood with unknown consequences. Blooms of Dinophysis spp., which can cause diarrhetic shellfish poisoning, have appeared around the US coast, but the causes are not understood. Similarly, blooms of fish- and shellfish-killing HABs are occurring in many regions and are especially threatening to aquaculture. The science, management, and decision-making necessary to manage the threat of HABs continue to involve a multidisciplinary group of scientists, managers, and agencies at various levels. The initial HARRNESS framework and the resulting National HAB Committee (NHC) have proven effective means to coordinate the academic, management, and stakeholder communities interested in national HAB issues and provide these entities with a collective voice, in part through this updated HARRNESS report. Congress and the Executive Branch have supported most of the advances achieved under HARRNESS (2005-2015) and continue to make HABs a priority. Congress has reauthorized the Harmful Algal Bloom and Hypoxia Research and Control Act (HABHRCA) multiple times and continues to authorize the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) to fund and conduct HAB research and response, has given new roles to the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and required an Interagency Working Group on HABHRCA (IWG HABHRCA). These efforts have been instrumental in coordinating HAB responses by federal and state agencies. Initial appropriations for NOAA HAB research and response decreased after 2005, but have increased substantially in the last few years, leading to many advances in HAB management in marine coastal and Great Lakes regions. With no specific funding for HABs, the US EPA has provided funding to states through existing laws, such as the Clean Water Act, Safe Drinking Water Act, and to members of the Great Lakes Interagency Task Force through the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative, to assist states and tribes in addressing issues related to HAB toxins and hypoxia. The US EPA has also worked towards fulfilling its mandate by providing tools and resources to states, territories, and local governments to help manage HABs and cyanotoxins, to effectively communicate the risks of cyanotoxins and to assist public water systems and water managers to manage HABs. These tools and resources include documents to assist with adopting recommended recreational criteria and/or swimming advisories, recommendations for public water systems to choose to apply health advisories for cyanotoxins, risk communication templates, videos and toolkits, monitoring guidance, and drinking water treatment optimization documents. Beginning in 2018, Congress has directed the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) to develop a HAB research initiative to deliver scalable HAB prevention, detection, and management technologies intended to reduce the frequency and severity of HAB impacts to our Nation’s freshwater resources. Since the initial HARRNESS report, other federal agencies have become increasingly engaged in addressing HABs, a trend likely to continue given the evolution of regulations(e.g., US EPA drinking water health advisories and recreational water quality criteria for two cyanotoxins), and new understanding of risks associated with freshwater HABs. The NSF/NIEHS Oceans and Human Health Program has contributed substantially to our understanding of HABs. The US Geological Survey, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the National Aeronautics Space Administration also contribute to HAB-related activities. In the preparation of this report, input was sought early on from a wide range of stakeholders, including participants from academia, industry, and government. The aim of this interdisciplinary effort is to provide summary information that will guide future research and management of HABs and inform policy development at the agency and congressional levels. As a result of this information gathering effort, four major HAB focus/programmatic areas were identified: 1) Observing systems, modeling, and forecasting; 2) Detection and ecological impacts, including genetics and bloom ecology; 3) HAB management including prevention, control, and mitigation, and 4) Human dimensions, including public health, socio-economics, outreach, and education. Focus groups were tasked with addressing a) our current understanding based on advances since HARRNESS 2005-2015, b) identification of critical information gaps and opportunities, and c) proposed recommendations for the future. The vision statement for HARRNESS 2024-2034 has been updated, as follows: “Over the next decade, in the context of global climate change projections, HARRNESS will define the magnitude, scope, and diversity of the HAB problem in US marine, brackish and freshwaters; strengthen coordination among agencies, stakeholders, and partners; advance the development of effective research and management solutions; and build resilience to address the broad range of US HAB problems impacting vulnerable communities and ecosystems.” This will guide federal, state, local and tribal agencies and nations, researchers, industry, and other organizations over the next decade to collectively work to address HAB problems in the United States.