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Статті в журналах з теми "Dysfunctional families – united states – case studies"
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Koyama, Jill, and Adnan Turan. "Coloniality and Refugee Education in the United States." Social Sciences 13, no. 6 (June 13, 2024): 314. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci13060314.
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In this paper, we demonstrate the ways in which the schooling of refugee youth in the United States reflects ongoing coloniality in education. Drawing on data collected in a case study, conducted between 2013 and 2016, as part of a larger ongoing ethnography of a Southwest United States District school’s response to refugee students, we show how the enactment of policies, pedagogies, and practices within schools reinforce the government’s control over refugee students and their families. In schools, the students are kept out of certain school spaces, marginalized in remedial courses, and denied academic opportunities and integrated support services. Using empirical data, we demonstrate how the restriction of the students’ movement in and around schools is embedded within the larger limitations embedded in coloniality and assimilation. We situate our analysis within the tensions and interactions between coloniality, assimilation, and neoliberalism as articulated in studies within anthropology and sociology, migration studies, critical refugee studies, and cultural studies. We conclude with a call for the decolonization of education and offer a practical starting point in refugee education.
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Pineo, Ronn. "Immigration Crisis: The United States Under President Donald J. Trump." Journal of Developing Societies 36, no. 1 (January 30, 2020): 7–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0169796x19896905.
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Rising crime, homicide, economic despair, infant mortality. The common narrative of the situation in the Northern Triangle nations of Central America, Guatemala, Honduras, and El Salvador, points to these grim circumstances to explain the exodus of families leaving for America. But it is not the case that conditions have worsened there in recent years; the best available data show improvement in many socioeconomic measures. This article draws upon the best sources from the Northern Triangle, Mexico, US, and international organizations. Socioeconomic studies and analysis by universities, policy groups, and government agencies from the region provide details on the day-to-day experiences of ordinary people, the realities of poverty, crime, and violence. The conclusions from these studies do not always match common suppositions. Homicides are down, but El Salvador and Honduras remain two of the most dangerous countries in the world. In the Northern Triangle, economic growth has been above the regional average, while the percentage of families living in poverty in Guatemala is actually increasing as income distribution worsens. More Central American families are migrating to the USA than ever before, but far fewer total immigrants are coming to America as the immigration from Mexico has declined. This article concludes with policy recommendations. Since the US economy is creating more jobs than entrants into the workforce. US immigration policies should be adjusted to match economic needs and must be changed to reflect its highest humanitarian values.
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Boehm, Deborah A. "Separated Families: Barriers to Family Reunification after Deportation." Journal on Migration and Human Security 5, no. 2 (June 2017): 401–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/233150241700500209.
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This paper outlines the complexities — and unlikelihood — of keeping families together when facing, or in the aftermath of deportation. After discussing the context that limits or prevents reunification among immigrant families more generally, I outline several of the particular ways that families are divided when a member is deported. Drawing on case studies from longitudinal ethnographic research in Mexico and the United States, I describe: 1) the difficulties in successfully canceling deportation orders, 2) the particular limitations to family reunification for US citizen children when a parent is deported, and 3) the legal barriers to authorized return to the United States after deportation. I argue that without comprehensive immigration reform and concrete possibilities for relief, mixed-status and transnational families will continue to be divided. Existing laws do not adequately address family life and the diverse needs of individuals as members of families, creating a humanitarian crisis both within and beyond the borders of the United States. The paper concludes with recommendations for immigration policy reform and suggestions for restructuring administrative processes that directly impact those who have been deported and their family members.
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Goodrich, Kristopher M., Don P. Trahan, and M. Kathryn Brammer. "Family Dynamics Following Disclosure as LGB: A Narratology." Family Journal 27, no. 2 (February 21, 2019): 122–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1066480719832516.
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This article describes a qualitative project, utilizing a narratology approach, to explore the experiences of five participants identified as belonging to two distinct families whose son and daughter identified as gay and bisexual (GB). Respondents in this study included the GB-identified son and daughter and their parents, to explore the impact of the disclosure process within families in the Southwestern United States. Both families expressed different types of experiences following the disclosure, which provide case studies toward family interventions. Implications for counseling practice and future research will be explored.
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Riggs, Damien W., and Stacy Blythe. "Experiences of separation and divorce among foster and adoptive families: the need for supportive responses." Adoption & Fostering 41, no. 1 (February 8, 2017): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308575916681715.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Separation and divorce are realities faced by many families. Yet in the case of foster and adoptive families, only a small number of studies have looked at the way such experiences affect them. This article seeks to fill this gap by exploring the nature and consequences of separation and divorce among foster and adoptive families in Australia and the United States. A thematic analysis of primary and secondary data collected by the authors identified three dominant themes: (1) that divorcing foster families experience variable responses from service providers; (2) that some adoptive parents perceive that relationship breakdowns compound adoption-related losses; and (3) that some adoptees challenge the assumption that the nature and experience of separation and divorce among adoptive families is unique. The article concludes by advocating for the provision of clear guidelines for foster and adoptive families experiencing separation or divorce, and highlights the need for supportive community responses to help those affected.
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Browne, Laurie P., Ann Gillard, and Barry A. Garst. "Camp as an Institution of Socialization: Past, Present, and Future." Journal of Experiential Education 42, no. 1 (January 4, 2019): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1053825918820369.
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Background: Summer camps are perhaps the most expansive outdoor experiential education (OEE) context in the United States today; yet, camp participants are overwhelmingly White and able-bodied, with most coming from middle- to upper-income earning families. Purpose: In response to Warren, Roberts, Breunig, and Alvarez’s question “What will it take before OEE programs become genuinely accessible to all who want to participate?” (p. 98), we explore issues of access, equity, and inclusion within the institution of camp. Methodology/Approach: We present a historical review followed by three case studies that demonstrate how some camps address access, equity, and inclusion in the past and today. Findings/Conclusions: Camps in the United States have shaped young people for over a century through powerful socializing factors, but there is much to be done to ensure camps are truly accessible and inclusive for all. Implications: Our case studies demonstrate specific ways camps can address appropriation of Native American culture and ensure inclusion of transgender youth and youth without the resources necessary to attend camp. We also discuss ways to promote equity across social identities and through environmental justice.
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Riehl, Carolyn, and Melissa A. Lyon. "Counting on Context: Cross-Sector Collaborations for Education and the Legacy of James Coleman’s Sociological Vision." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 674, no. 1 (October 25, 2017): 262–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716217735284.
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Many localities across the United States are pursuing efforts to improve outcomes for children and youth through place-based, cross-sector collaborations among education, business, government, philanthropy, and social services agencies. In this article, we examine these place-based initiatives, investigating how they attempt to ameliorate educational inequity and how they might reflect the broader sociological vision of James S. Coleman. We draw from publicly available information on a set of 182 cross-sector collaborations across the United States and from in-depth case studies of collaborations in Buffalo, New York; Milwaukee, Wisconsin; and Portland/Multnomah County, Oregon. We find evidence that in some ways, cross-sector collaborations contribute to improving schools, offer interventions and resources to support families and communities, and attempt to revitalize localities with strong norms and social ties to support education and equity. However, these outcomes are not yet fully formed, widespread, or guaranteed to last over time.
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Arbour, Richard, Hanan Mesfer Saad AlGhamdi, and Linda Peters. "Islam, Brain Death, and Transplantation." AACN Advanced Critical Care 23, no. 4 (October 1, 2012): 381–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/nci.0b013e3182683b1e.
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A significant gap exists between availability of organs for transplant and patients with end-stage organ failure for whom organ transplantation is the last treatment option. Reasons for this mismatch include inadequate approach to potential donor families and donor loss as a result of refractory cardiopulmonary instability during and after brainstem herniation. Other reasons include inadequate cultural competence and sensitivity when communicating with potential donor families. Clinicians may not have an understanding of the cultural and religious perspectives of Muslim families of critically ill patients who may be approached about brain death and organ donation. This review analyzes Islamic cultural and religious perspectives on organ donation, transplantation, and brain death, including faith-based directives from Islamic religious authorities, definitions of death in Islam, and communication strategies when discussing brain death and organ donation with Muslim families. Optimal family care and communication are highlighted using case studies and backgrounds illustrating barriers and approaches with Muslim families in the United States and in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia that can improve cultural competence and family care as well as increase organ availability within the Muslim population and beyond.
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Lanfranconi, Lucia M., Yu-Ling Chang, and Ayda Basaran. "At the intersection of immigration and welfare governance in the United States: State, county and frontline levels and clients’ perspectives." Zeitschrift für Sozialreform 66, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 441–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zsr-2020-0019.
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Abstract The U.S welfare reform of 1996 restricted the eligibility of immigrants and introduced a punitive and devolved workfare system. While previous studies explained state variation in the welfare eligibility rules for immigrants, few studies have examined the intersection of immigration and welfare governance within a state. We choose the Californian welfare-to-work (WTW) program as a case, most likely to be inclusive to immigrants. Analyzing statistics, documents, and interviews at the state, county, and frontline levels, however, we also reveal multiple exclusionary mechanisms at various policy levels, such as complicated processes and insufficient translations. Our analysis of immigrant clients’ interviews helps to understand why many immigrants decide not to apply for welfare and how even WTW participants with an immigration background experience fear and are especially vulnerable to unfair treatments. Thus, the implementation of the punitive workfare regime along with the restrictive immigration regime can contradict the aim of WTW-policy to lead families in poverty to selfsufficiency.
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Russell, Tristan, Samantha Jeffries, Hennessey Hayes, Yodsawadi Thipphayamongkoludom, and Chontit Chuenurah. "A gender-comparative exploration of women’s and men’s pathways to prison in Thailand." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 53, no. 4 (September 23, 2020): 536–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004865820954463.
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In feminist criminology, there is a growing body of research exploring gendered pathways into prison. However, this research has focussed predominantly on women. There are few gender comparative studies. Further, most feminist pathways research is western centric having, for the most part, been undertaken in the United States. Utilising categorical principal components analysis alongside descriptive statistics and illustrative case study examples, this paper adds to the feminist pathways research by describing and comparing women’s and men’s pathways to prison in Thailand. Three common pathways to prison emerged for both women and men: (1) peer group association/deviant lifestyle, (2) harmed and harming, (3) economically motivated. However, gendered variance was found within these common pathways. Further, two pathways emerged exclusively for women: (1) adulthood victimisation and dysfunctional intimate relationships, (2) naivety and deception. These results substantiate the notion that trajectories into prison are gendered, add empirical support to the feminist pathways perspective beyond the west, contribute to knowledge on how both women and men come to be in prison in Thailand, and in doing so, have utility for the development of gender-informed prison policies, and practices as per the United Nations Rules for the Treatment of Women Prisoners and Non-Custodial Measures for Women Offenders (the Bangkok Rules).
Дисертації з теми "Dysfunctional families – united states – case studies"
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Schemmer, Beverly Ann Sollenberger. "Case studies of four families engaged in home education." Virtual Press, 1985. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/440434.
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The purpose of the study was to give a description of the curricula and methods used in the home schools of home educators and to evaluate by means of case studies the effects of home education upon those included in the study.Chapter I presented an overview of the background and significance for the study and five research questions which were addressed by the study. The questions were:1. Will students being educated in the home be able to obtain academic achievement at comparable levels with those students being educated in the public school? 2. Will students being educated in the home be able to show at least one years' gain in academic achievement when scores of the previous year are compared with scores from the current year?3. What curricula and methods are being used in the home education of the children included in the study?4. What attitudes and values motivated the parents in the study to home educate their children?5. What legal actions, if any, did the parents included in the study face as a result of their choice to home educate?Chapter II provided a review of related literature. Reviewed were: compulsory attendance laws, related court decisions, and research related to home education.Chapter III presented the plan of organization and procedures used in gathering, reporting, and summarizing the data.Chapter IV contained the data collected from the four home educators. The data were presented in narrative form and in tables for each family case study.Chapter V presented a summary of the case studies, answers to research questions, observations, and recommendations. The data provided the following answers to the five research questions:1. Forty percent of the home educated students scored equal to the median national score.2. Students showed inconsistencies in average gains for the year.3. Three of the four families used curriculum materials commercially prepared for home educators.4. The parent educators appeared motivated by socialization concerns and desires for values training.5. Legal action was taken against one of the four families in the study.
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Gerry-Corpening, Karen. "Case studies of services provided to perinatally exposed infants/toddlers and their families under Part H of Individuals with Disabilities Education Act." Diss., This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-164606/.
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Battiest, Martha Marie. "A descriptive/analytical study: The impact of aspects of their cultural, social, and educational experiences on a living five-generation black family in the United States, 1893-present." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187142.
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This dissertation analyzes a black family's social, cultural, and educational experiences including factors related to their successes and failures during the past century in the United States. These experiences span the eras of segregation, desegregation, and integration. Specifically, the study examines what this family's members view as their strengths and weaknesses and how each has contributed to their high and low levels of achievement in school and society. Such data can be useful and applicable to black families and other cultural groups as they strive to achieve in school and society. This first-hand information can be valuable for identifying the specific issues and problems impacting the families being studied. Findings from these empirical data can contribute to the betterment of schools and society as families, educators, policy makers, and others focus on addressing these issues and seeking solutions to the problems. Sleeter's (1991) research includes varying theoretical views regarding the value of voice and empowerment for the betterment of individuals, education, and society. Ruiz (as cited in Sleeter, 1991) theorizes that having a voice implies not just that people can say things but that they are heard (that is, their words have status and influence), and Banks (as cited in Sleeter, 1991) suggests that "the position of the U.S. as a world leader demands that we deal more effectively and constructively with the enormous cultural differences in our society" (p. 297). Given the cultural diversity within the American population, it is deemed appropriate to include for this black family study an in-depth discussion regarding other families from various cultures, namely, Native Americans, Asians, Hispanics, and Jews. Chapter 2 examines each group's experiences since their initial contact with the Anglo or dominant cultural group. Findings from this family research study can contribute to the betterment of America by providing perspectives to enhance intra/intercultural relationships among various cultural groups in our society. Enhanced familial and cultural relationships can be valuable not only to my family but to other groups and their families as they seek success in school and society.
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Hurst, Elizabeth Mary. "Keep it tight : family, learning and social transformation in New Mexico, United States." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/16008.
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This dissertation examines learning as part of social transformation in a semi-rural town in New Mexico, United States. It incorporates a focus on young people through direct work with children and observations in school and argues that each person's understanding is historically emergent from what sense they make of the events of their personal history as this unfolds over time in intersubjective relations with others. This has implications for the ways in which Hispano/a and Latino/a people living in “Bosque Verde” make sense of concepts like respect, hard work and obligation, as well as how they think about family and children's wellbeing. The ways in which people experience and understand getting older and their movements from child to adult/parent and from parent to grandparent/elder are central to this process of making sense. As people age, what they know to be true transforms, as does how they perceive the effects of social change. For people living in Bosque Verde, this includes both the experience of contemporary social and economic shifts in New Mexico and the United States, as well as how people there have made sense of social marginalisation over the past century and back into the more distant past. Parents and elders manifest historical consciousness of these transformations in part through their concerns for children and their vulnerability in an insecure and unequal world. Children, however, constitute their own ideas about family, hard work, care and respect in ways that potentially transform their meaning, as well as the possibilities of their own futures. This thesis therefore describes ‘keeping it tight' in Bosque Verde as a microhistorical process that shapes how people understand and experience social relationships over the lifetime. This process, in turn, influences how people living there make sense of the past and imagine the future for themselves and others.
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Gilmer, Jennifer K. "Alternatives in domesticity : reaching beyond shelter for the single-parent home." Virtual Press, 2002. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1231342.
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This study looks to the social trends, needs, and definition of home for the single-mother household. People need strong families to provide them with the identity, belonging, discipline, and values that are essential for full individual development ("The American Family Crisis" 16). This requires the examination of the role that the physical home environment plays in the life of the single-parent household. Personal histories, a literary search, and research of existing examples of built facilities serve to produce a series of patterns formalized in a design matrix, investigating how architecture can foster a healthy and supportive environment for the single-parent household.The intent of this research is to define a process by which the singleparent household, headed by a single mother, may be able to become self-sufficient and empowered by their housing situation. The aim is to create More than Housing (Joan Forrester Sprague), while utilizing the architecture to foster relationships and encourage growth.A resulting programmatic guide and design development tool for supportive housing, adapted to the needs of the single-parent household, creates a framework of design ideas derived from this research. This compilation is used to define design strategies and recommendations for the form and program of support systems used to illustrate the definition, application and resolution of "home" for the single-mother household.Department of Architecture
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McCloud, Janice Sue. "Gender division in American Baptist families : second and third shifts." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/3774.
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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)The division of labor in households is an important topic in marital relationships. Families are not static; they are in a constant state of change. Employment, individual family members’ schedules, and religious beliefs can impact how couples divide household tasks. This particular study draws on in-depth interviews of four married couples from American Baptist churches to explore how couples within this type of church divide household tasks. The interviews focused on the management of second- and third-shift household tasks, as well as childcare. The purpose of obtaining this information was to see if the way American Baptist couples handle second-, third-shift duties, and childcare is more consistent with general population couples or more consistent with Evangelical/Conservative couples. Husbands and wives were interviewed separately to obtain individual thoughts and opinions. The interviews revealed that when it comes to second-shift tasks and child care, American Baptist couples are more in line with general population couples. As far as third-shift duties, Evangelical, general population, and American Baptist couples are all currently handling in very similar ways with the female performing the majority of third-shift tasks.
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Parker, Ramona Ann. "Mexican-American men's fathering of children with a chronic health condition." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/3119.
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Parker, Ramona Ann 1968. "Mexican-American men's fathering of children with a chronic health condition." 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/13306.
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Horton, Janell M. "Exploring the cultural experiences of family case managers : an interpretative phenomenological analysis." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/4034.
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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)This study explored the lived experiences of family case managers who routinely work with families who are culturally different from themselves. The purpose was to understand and interpret the meaning of culture and cultural difference as it relates to the engagement process with families. The research also sought to understand whether cultural insensitivity or bias may contribute to the overrepresentation of children of color in the child welfare system. The author conducted 10 in-depth, semi-structured interviews with graduates of a large, research-intensive Midwestern university’s Title-IV-E Social Work Program, who also were employed as family case managers in public child welfare. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis and the analytic process of the hermeneutic circle. Results suggest the concept of culture is a complex term that encompasses many characteristics and a number of dimensions. In addition, four themes were identified as underlying the engagement process with culturally different families. These themes routinely overlapped, and family case managers often had to attend to each of the thematic areas simultaneously. At nearly every step in the engagement process, family case managers modulated their interactions in order to find balance and stability in their relationship with the family. Finally, poverty was revealed to be the most salient cultural difference in working with families involved in the child welfare system. These results have important implications for social work education, child welfare practice, and research on the overrepresentation of children of color in the child welfare system.
Книги з теми "Dysfunctional families – united states – case studies"
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Douglas, Geoffrey. Class: The wreckage of an American family. New York: H. Holt, 1992.
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Gelles, Richard J. Intimate violence. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1988.
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1926-, Straus Murray A., ed. Intimate violence. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1989.
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Penn, Eric. Children of chaotics: Breaking the cycle of family and social disfunctionalism. Hampton, VA: U.B. & U.S. Communication Systems, 1995.
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Karr, Mary. Lit: A memoir. New York: Harper, 2009.
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Karr, Mary. Lit: A memoir. New York, NY: Harper, 2009.
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Karr, Mary. Lit. New York: HarperCollins, 2009.
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Karr, Mary. Lit: A memoir. New York, NY: HarperLuxe, 2009.
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Sontag, Rachel. House Rules. New York: HarperCollins, 2008.
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Why do I love these people?: Understanding, surviving, and creating your own family. New York: Random House, 2006.
Знайти повний текст джерелаЧастини книг з теми "Dysfunctional families – united states – case studies"
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Marks, Cari, and Christopher Shamburg. "Case Studies in Remote Living and Remote Learning." In Handbook of Research on Current Trends in Cybersecurity and Educational Technology, 349–64. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-6092-4.ch019.
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Students and families who live in remote sections of the United States had unique challenges with remote learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. This multiple case study profiles four families in remote parts of Appalachia in the United States as they lived and learned during the shutdown. These stories highlight the struggles, innovations, and resilience of an often-neglected population in discussions of the digital divide. Each family portrait was developed through in-depth interviews with several generations and a review of related documents.
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Jackson, Alvin. "Alternative Unions." In United Kingdoms, 247—C5F5. Oxford University PressOxford, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192883742.003.0005.
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Abstract This chapter takes a selection of the book’s case studies, and examines the ways in which federalism was pursued as a means of reforming otherwise dysfunctional union constitutions. Federalism is discussed within the contexts of Canada, Austria-Hungary, as well Britain and its empire. The chapter argues that federalism has regularly been invoked as a panacea within failing or apparently failing union states: it also argues that it has generally proved to be difficult to apply this cure, given that federalism has almost always been pursued (certainly in the British case) by unionists or imperialists seeking to defuse the challenge of nationalism. In practice the critical ‘federal moment’, when the strengths and weaknesses of unionist federalists and nationalist separatists have been evenly balanced, has been elusive.
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McLester, Quatavia. "Impaired Driving as a Public Health Concern and Healthcare Technology Approaches." In Innovations, Securities, and Case Studies Across Healthcare, Business, and Technology, 377–95. IGI Global, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-1906-2.ch020.
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Drunk driving remains a pervasive issue in the United States, resulting in the tragic loss of approximately 28 lives daily, with over 10,000 annual fatalities over the past decade. While existing measures and interventions have shown some effectiveness, they remain insufficient in addressing the multifaceted nature of this public health crisis. Therefore, this inquiry endeavors to explore and develop cutting-edge healthcare technologies and public health strategies to reduce drunk driving incidents and alleviate their profound societal impact. This public health inquiry adopts a perspective paper format, synthesizing contemporary methodologies and insights from industry practices and academic literature. By exploring the development and implementation of innovative healthcare technologies and public health interventions, this chapter contributes to advancing the field and enhancing road safety nationwide. This holistic approach seeks to mitigate the devastating consequences of drunk driving, ultimately protecting individuals, families, and society.
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Castañeda, Heide. "Stratification by Immigration Status." In Unequal Coverage. NYU Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479897001.003.0002.
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Heide Castañeda’s chapter highlights the fact that immigrant groups in the United States are not monolithic, but instead stratified by many chaotic bureaucratic categories. Using three case studies derived from longitudinal research in Texas, this chapter illustrates the unanticipated and contradictory effects of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) by examining how immigration categories influenced eligibility and participation. The ACA explicitly excluded more than 11 million undocumented immigrants from coverage and distinguished between “qualified” and “non-qualified” immigrants among those who were considered “lawfully present.” This chapter illustrates the impacts of these exclusions and inclusions. We see how these distinctions produced ripple effects on U.S. citizen children in mixed-status families. In addition, the exclusion of youth holding deferred action for childhood arrivals (DACA) status—produced through an unusual case of administrative rollback—created a new pattern of formal disenfranchisement, while a loophole allowed some immigrants to qualify for insurance subsidies that U.S. citizens living in the same state could not.
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Smrekar, Claire. "From Control to Collaboration." In Jewish Day Schools, Jewish Communities, 52–70. Liverpool University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781904113744.003.0002.
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This chapter explores four different models of school–community relations: co-optation, management, engagement, and coalition. These models are derived from qualitative case studies of public and private schools, including magnet schools, Catholic schools, workplace schools, and neighbourhood schools, located in urban and suburban contexts in the United States. Each model includes four elements that define the nature, quality, and intensity of association between schools and their communities — its goals, functions, relationships, and outcomes — and are reflected in the organizational practices and priorities of the schools. The chapter examines these models to consider how schools' cultures and organizational priorities coalesce to produce particular models of school–community relations. It also considers how these models are mapped on to different kinds of schools and what the implications might be regarding the types of relationships formed between families and schools for Jewish day school education worldwide.
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Fennell, Christopher C. "Extraction." In The Archaeology of Craft and Industry, 77–101. University Press of Florida, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813069043.003.0004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Proponents of European colonial interests were seduced by dreams of mineral wealth flowing from the Americas. When torrents of gold and silver proved elusive, they prosecuted their investments along other commodity lines. In time, the mineral wealth would be exposed in episodes of strenuous extraction. This chapter examines case studies of the facets of extractive industries revealed through archaeology. The expanding transport arteries discussed in the previous chapter impacted natural resource harvesting, such as lumber cutting in West Virginia. Turning to mineral mining, an array of structures and equipment populate the terrains examined by archaeologists. Copper mines of the Great Lakes show impacts of methods developed in Cornwall, England. Moving west in the United States, one sees gargantuan operations in Montana and new techniques in California that denuded the landscape. Coal fields across the country were worked by waves of immigrants and experienced ethnic and economic class interactions. Tragic clashes of management and workers ensued. Finally, oil derricks and shale strata present domains of petroleum harvesting and corresponding challenges for the workers and their families.
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Stanciu, Cristina. "Spectacular Nationalism." In The Makings and Unmakings of Americans, 216–46. Yale University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300224351.003.0008.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This chapter asks: what cultural work did silent film do for Americanization, the active and sometimes coercive campaign to make new immigrants into good Americans? It argues that, just as Americanization did not produce compliant citizens overnight, silent film as a powerful new medium of persuasion influenced American viewers' transformation only in part. The chapter particularly focuses on the use of film in industrial and educational contexts, which sometimes overlapped, purporting to both “educate” and Americanize the new immigrants to the United States, particularly immigrant workers. Delving into the author's chosen films as case studies, the chapter illustrates the potential of silent film as both mimesis (or representation of ideology) and as ideology. It seeks to answer the following questions: How did silent film contribute to the mission of Americanization? Were new immigrants the innocent viewers that the American government, industrialists (like Henry Ford), and Progressive Era educators and Americanizers were imagining for immigrant children and their families? Were they complicit? Were they doubly exploited through the popular images that aimed to “represent” them and in their own uncritical reception of such films, duped by the illusion of the medium? To answer these questions, the chapter draws on scholarship in Immigration Studies and Film Studies, as well as archival materials in the National Archives, the Library of Congress (MBRS), Northeast Historic Film, and the New York Public Library.
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Macdonald, John, Charles Branas, and Robert Stokes. "Driving Ambivalence." In Changing Places, 101–17. Princeton University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691195216.003.0006.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This chapter assesses the role of transportation and street environments in people's lives and how reliance on the automobile has shaped the United States and other parts of the world. The century-long evolution into a car-dependent culture has had its benefits in terms of commerce and regional mobility, but has also had devastating effects on people's health and safety. Rather than discuss the negative impacts of cars on air pollution, the chapter focuses on the place-based health impacts of reducing people's reliance on the automobile by increasing the walkability of areas and expanding access to public transit. Younger adults are increasingly ambivalent about whether they should even own a car and are moving to cities in search of more efficient and human-scale mobility options. These options include having access to a street network with safe and efficient pedestrian and bike infrastructures as well as public-transit options. Meanwhile, public officials in numerous cities are talking about the benefits of expanded transit systems and walkable street grids to encourage more active lifestyles and attract tourists, families, and entrepreneurs who are tired of traffic congestion and car commuting and interested in a lively street experience that is not simply seen from behind a windshield. The chapter then highlights case studies showing how new place-based transportation and streetscape changes can be a tool for improving health and safety.
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Rapoff, Michael A., and Ann M. McGrath. "Adherence to Treatment Demands." In Comprehensive Handbook of Childhood Cancer and Sickle Cell Disease. Oxford University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195169850.003.0013.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Given the life-threatening nature of cancer, one might expect that children with cancer and their parents would be especially vigilant about following prescribed medical treatments. As illustrated in this chapter, this is not always the case (Partridge, Avorn, Wang, & Winer, 2002). Nonadherence can potentially lead to outright treatment failure, relapse, compromised outcomes, bone marrow transplant failures, or resistance to drugs such as antibiotics (Rapoff, 1999). The purpose of this chapter is to (a) review treatment demands on children with acute leukemia (the most common childhood cancer) and their families to understand better the complex behavioral requirements associated with medical treatments; (b) review studies that have investigated the extent of nonadherence to treatments for pediatric cancer, primarily leukemia; (c) examine factors predictive of adherence; (d) describe strategies for assessing adherence; (e) provide suggestions for improving adherence; and (f) suggest future directions to advance the field of adherence research in pediatric oncology. Strategies for improving adherence were gleaned from the pediatric medical adherence literature on other chronic diseases because we could not find a single adherence intervention study involving children with cancer. Acute leukemia is the most common malignancy in children (Ries et al., 1999). The specific etiology of childhood leukemia is unknown, but the causes appear to be multifactorial. Some of the factors involved in the pathogenesis of acute leukemia include exposure to ionizing radiation or certain drugs (e.g., benzene), certain chromosome abnormalities (e.g., Down syndrome), and congenital or acquired immune deficiencies (e.g., human immunodeficiency virus infection) (Golub & Arceci, 2002; Margolin, Steuber, & Poplack, 2002). The incidence of acute leukemia is 3–4 per 100,000 white children, and approximately 3,000 children will develop acute leukemia in the United States within a given year (Ries et al., 1999). The hallmark of leukemia is bone marrow failure. The bone marrow makes red blood cells, which carry oxygen; white cells, which fight infections; and platelets, which help blood clot. Children with acute leukemia commonly present with pallor and fatigue (secondary to anemia), fever and infections (caused by reduced normal white cells), and excess bruising and bleeding (secondary to low platelets).