Готові списки джерел за темами / Drum Patterns

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Drum Patterns"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022
Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Drum Patterns"

1

Grubich, J. R. "Crushing motor patterns in drum (Teleostei: Sciaenidae): functional novelties associated with molluscivory." Journal of Experimental Biology 203, no. 20 (October 15, 2000): 3161–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.203.20.3161.

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This study explores the evolution of molluscivory in the marine teleost family Sciaenidae by comparing the motor activity patterns of the pharyngeal muscles of two closely related taxa, the molluscivorous black drum (Pogonias cromis) and the generalist red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus). Muscle activity patterns were recorded simultaneously from eight pharyngeal muscles. Electromyographic (EMG) activity was recorded during feeding on three prey types that varied in shell hardness. Canonical variate and discriminant function analyses were used to describe the distinctness of drum pharyngeal processing behaviors. Discriminant functions built of EMG timing variables were more accurate than muscle activity intensity at identifying cycles by prey type and species. Both drum species demonstrated the ability to modulate pharyngeal motor patterns in response to prey hardness. The mean motor patterns and the canonical variate space of crushing behavior indicated that black drum employed a novel motor pattern during molluscivory. The mollusc-crushing motor pattern of black drum is different from other neoteleost pharyngeal behaviors in lacking upper jaw retraction by the retractor dorsalis muscle. This functional modification suggests that crushing hard-shelled marine bivalves requires a ‘vice-like’ compression bite in contrast to the shearing forces that are applied to weaker-shelled fiddler crabs by red drum and to freshwater snails by redear sunfish.
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2

Hoesl, Florian, and Olivier Senn. "Modelling perceived syncopation in popular music drum patterns." Music & Science 1 (January 1, 2018): 205920431879146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2059204318791464.

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Recent studies suggest that rhythmic syncopation is a relevant predictor for groove. In order to validate these claims, a reliable measure of rhythmic syncopation is required. This article investigates whether a particular notation-based model for estimating syncopation in Western popular music drum patterns adequately predicts perceived syncopation. A listening experiment was carried out with 25 professional musicians. Six popular music drum patterns were presented to the participants in all 15 pairwise combinations, and the participants chose the pattern from each pair that was more syncopated (win), compared to the other pattern (lose). Perceived syncopation was defined as the proportion of wins for each stimulus. The experiment showed that the model works well in general, but that it overemphasises the weight of syncopes on weak metric positions. This exaggerates the syncopation value of one particular drum pattern and generally leads to inflated syncopation values in the upper syncopation range. In consequence, the fit between the model and perceived syncopation was poor, even when flexible logarithmic functions [Formula: see text], p < .001) or exponential approach functions ([Formula: see text], p < .001) were used to link the model predictions to perceived syncopation. The model was revised and a numeric optimisation process was carried out to improve its fit. The revised model produces syncopation estimates that have a linear relationship with the perceived syncopation measures and a good fit with the data ([Formula: see text], p = .469). However, this revised model is based on only six drum patterns that cover a very limited range of rhythmic phenomena. In order to create a general model of syncopation in popular music drum patterns, further modelling work is necessary that involves a larger number and a wider variety of patterns.
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3

Mak, C. H., C. F. Cheung, M. J. Ren, L. B. Kong, and S. To. "A Study of Cutting Strategy in Single-Point Diamond Turning of Micro V-Groove Patterns on Precision Roller Drums." Key Engineering Materials 625 (August 2014): 742–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.625.742.

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This paper presents a study of cutting strategies on the surface generation in single-point diamond turning of micro V-groove patterns on precision roller drums. An aluminium precision roller drum with a diameter 250mm and 100 long was diamond turned with a V-groove pattern. A series of cutting experiments were designed to study the effect of the variation of various cutting parameters and cutting tool paths on the surface quality in diamond turning of the precision roller drum. The parameters under investigation included the depth of cut, number of steps and the depth for each cut when diamond turning V-grooves on the cylindrical surface of a workpiece. The measurement result indicates that the surface quality of V-grooves machined on the precision roller drums is affected by cutting strategies. The optimal cutting strategy for machining a V-groove pattern on a precision drum with 5µm depth was obtained.
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4

Snyder, Joel S., Erin E. Hannon, Edward W. Large, and Morten H. Christiansen. "Synchronization and Continuation Tapping to Complex Meters." Music Perception 24, no. 2 (December 1, 2006): 135–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/mp.2006.24.2.135.

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The goal of this study was to assess the ability of North American adults to synchronize and continue their tapping to complex meter patterns in the presence and absence of musical cues to meter.We asked participants to tap to drum patterns structured according to two different 7/8 meters common in Balkan music. Each meter contained three nonisochronous drumbeats per measure, forming intervals in a short-short-long (SSL) or a long-short-short (LSS) pattern. In the synchronization phase of each trial, participants were asked to tap in synchrony with a drum pattern that was accompanied by either a matching or a mismatching Balkan folk melody. In the continuation phase of the trial, the drum pattern was turned off and participants continued tapping the drum pattern accompanied by the same melody or by silence. Participants produced ratios of long to short inter-tap intervals during synchronization that were between the target ratio of 3:2 and a simple-meter ratio of 2:1. During continuation, participants maintained a similar ratio as long as the melody was present but when the melody was absent the ratios were stretched even more toward 2:1. Tapping variability and tapping position relative to the target locations during synchronization and ratio production during both synchronization and continuation showed that the temporal grouping of tones in the drum pattern was more influential on tapping performance than the particular meter (i.e., SSL vs. LSS). These findings demonstrate that people raised in North America find it difficult to produce complex metrical patterns, especially in the absence of exogenous cues and even when provided with musical stimuli to aid them in tapping accurately.
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5

RYPEL, ANDREW L., and JUSTIN B. MITCHELL. "Summer Nocturnal Patterns in Freshwater Drum (Aplodinotus grunniens)." American Midland Naturalist 157, no. 1 (January 2007): 230–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031(2007)157[230:snpifd]2.0.co;2.

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6

Kubik, Gerhard. "Drum Patterns in the "Batuque" of Benedito Caxias." Latin American Music Review / Revista de Música Latinoamericana 11, no. 2 (1990): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/780123.

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7

Yang, C., M. T. Suidan, X. Zhu, and B. J. Kim. "Biomass accumulation patterns for removing volatile organic compounds in rotating drum biofilters." Water Science and Technology 48, no. 8 (November 1, 2003): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0456.

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A rotating drum biofilter (RDB) with multi-layered foam media was developed for the improvement of current biofiltration technology. The biofilter was used to investigate the effects of organic loadings and influent volatile organic compound (VOC) concentrations on VOC removal efficiency and biomass accumulation. These effects were evaluated using diethyl ether and toluene separately as model VOCs at an empty bed contact time (EBCT) of 30 s. When the toluene loading increased from 2.0 to 4.0 and 8.0 kgCOD m-3 day-1, toluene removal efficiency of the biofilter decreased from over 99% to 78% and 74%, respectively. The biomass distribution was found to be more even within the medium when removing toluene than when removing diethyl ether. Higher organic loading also resulted in the more even distribution of the biomass. The ratios of biomass accumulation rates in the medium of the outermost, middle and innermost layers ranged from 1:0.11:0.02 when removing diethyl ether at 2.0 kgCOD m-3 day-1 to1:0.69:0.51 when removing toluene at 8.0 kgCOD m-3 day-1. Review of these ratios revealed three biomass accumulation patterns: surface pattern, in-depth pattern and shallow pattern. Different patterns represent different removal mechanisms in the biofiltration process. Improved biofilter design and operation should be based on the biomass accumulation pattern.
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8

Phimprajun, Rukbancha, Thanaporn Pengsri, Sarawut Choatchamrat, and Sayam Chuangprakhon. "Guidelines for the Development of Silp-Isan Klong Yao Band Performance Style." Journal of Educational Issues 8, no. 2 (September 7, 2022): 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jei.v8i2.20116.

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This research aims to 1) study the style and development of the Silp-Isan Klong Yao drum band; and 2) present the guidelines to developing and creating the Klong Yao performance style, which is an integration to teach the Klong Yao ensemble course including of students majoring in folk music, College of Music, Mahasarakham University. The researchers studied preliminary studies based on research and collect academic papers, textbooks, and reports. In addition, the researchers conducted studies based on field data collection from knowledge groups, practitioners, and individual groups. The results showed that. 1) The style and development of the Silp-Isan Klong Yao Band in terms of the form consists of musical instruments used in the Silp-Isan Klong Yao bands, long drum calibration how to play the desired sound, putting a bran drummer on tambourine, a ceremony to pay respects to teachers, dressing, and Isan long drumming patterns and techniques; 2) Guidelines for developing and creating a Klong Yao band performance style can be divided into two styles: 1) Long drum band performance style: ancient drum beats before the Isan long drum show use the band’s opening song with the New Sutsanan melody and Lai Mak Gab Gab Lam Plearn melody. The tempo of 2/4 is mixed with the tempo of 4/4 and followed by an ancient drum rhythm based on the rhythm of a creative Isan long drum; 2) Klong Yao band performance style applied rhythm consists of Soy Tang Ubon pattern, Tang-Wai-Aok-Sing pattern, Sutsanan pattern is mixed with Tong-Wai pattern, and Lam-sing keyboard with using the structure of Lam Plearn pattern. The bass keyboard uses the Cm scale and uses popular classical songs to the rhythm to be consistent with the row deployment and concatenation show. In summary, Sin-Isan drum band performance has developed styles continuously.
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9

Choo, Kiam, T. C. A. Molteno, and Stephen W. Morris. "Traveling Granular Segregation Patterns in a Long Drum Mixer." Physical Review Letters 79, no. 16 (October 20, 1997): 2975–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.79.2975.

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10

Oludare, Olupemi. "Street language in Dùndún Drum Language." African Music : Journal of the International Library of African Music 11, no. 3 (February 28, 2022): 33–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21504/amj.v12i1.2429.

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Dùndún drum language is a practice of speech surrogacy employed by dùndún drummers in Yoruba culture. The dùndún drummers play sequences of melo-rhythmic patterns; a form of communication that employs musical and linguistic elements, comprehensible to listeners knowledgeable in the Yoruba language. Although these sequenced patterns are sourced from Yoruba everyday sentences and oral genres (proverbs, poetry, praise-chants, and idiomatic phrases), the drummers also embrace other social narratives. These include the popular linguistic expressions in public spaces referred to as “street language.” This is because the streets serve as spaces for social life, musical and cultural imaginaries, musical and language expressions, and identity. This street language, referred to as “ohùn ìgboro” in Yoruba, include slang (saje), slurs (òtè), neologies (ènà), satire (èfè), dance-drum patterns (àlùjó), and socio-political slogans (àtúnlò-èdè). This article explores the influence of street language on dùndún music. This article follows an ethnographic model, with an analysis of the content of the dùndún music and its associated texts. The article’s findings include the extent to which the two cultures have overlapped, and the various socio-cultural benefits of adopting the language of each other’s cultural practices. In the process, the article contributes to the debate on authenticity and social structure in Yoruba culture. The article emphasises the need for an integrated research approach of music and language and their interrelationship to street cultures in Nigeria.
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Дисертації з теми "Drum Patterns"

1

Yancey, Benjamin Phillip. "Patterns in symmetry: approaching steelpan technique, performance and teaching through an understanding of instrument design." Diss., University of Iowa, 2018. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6525.

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The purpose of the current study is to provide students and instructors with a resource to study and teach steelpan through an understanding of the fundamental design and patterns inherent on each instrument. This will be accomplished through an investigation of how an awareness of the symmetrical note layout of the tenor pan, double seconds, triple cellos and six bass can be utilized when learning fundamental music concepts such as scales and chords. Caused by their symmetrical design, the patterns used in steelpan construction interact with the patterns of scales and chords to create commonalities that remain consistent when transposed. When students and teachers are aware of these commonalities, they can be utilized when teaching and learning the instruments. These patterns also inform performance on the instruments, as the commonalities in the transposable patterns lead to recurring stickings. Because of this, the stickings of scales and chords will be discussed throughout the study to determine how the symmetrical design of the instruments can be used to inform stickings. With this study, the author intends to demonstrate the importance of learning the organization of the instrument's note layout, rather than memorizing the location of each note independently. Because of steelpan's cyclical nature, and because the instruments do not conform to a chromatic centric note layout, it can be harder for students to identify the patterns used in steelpan construction. As a result, many novice steelpannists view the note layout of the instruments as a random assortment of notes. The steelpans have been methodically designed, however, and patterns in their note layout do exist. This study should serve as a resource for students and teachers to both acknowledge and understand these patterns.
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2

Herzka, Sharon Zinah. "Characterization of the recruitment patterns of red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) larvae to estuarine nursery habitat using stable isotopes as natural tracers of settlement /." Digital version accessible at:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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3

Rolls, Holly Jacqueline. "Using Otolith Elemental Composition to Track the Habitat Use, Movements, and Life History Patterns of Common Snook (Centropomus undecimalis) and Red Drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) in the Tampa Bay Estuary." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5298.

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Knowledge of fish habitat use and connectivity is critical for understanding the structure and dynamics of fish populations and, therefore, necessary for the implementation of successful fisheries management strategies. Tagging is an effective means of providing such information, and the elemental composition contained within fish otoliths is increasingly being used as a natural tag. The chemical composition of otoliths reflects the incorporation of elements from different water bodies and can thus be used to understand the habitat use, movements, and life history patterns of fishes. To assess the applicability of otolith elemental composition as a tagging technique within the Tampa Bay estuary, Florida, laser ablation-inductively coupled-plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) was used to analyze the elemental composition of otoliths from two estuarine-dependent fish species, Snook (Centropomus undecimalis) and Red Drum (Sciaenops ocellatus). Otolith elemental fingerprints can be used to quantify the proportion of juveniles from different nurseries that survive to join the sub-adult and adult fisheries, thus, providing resource managers with quantitative criteria to prioritize the most productive areas for conservation and restoration. To evaluate the use of otolith elemental fingerprinting in the Tampa Bay estuary, the spatial and temporal scales of chemical variation in otoliths collected from throughout Tampa Bay were examined by performing permutation-based multivariate analyses of variance (MANOVA) on the elemental data at several spatial (individual tributary, two-region, and three-region) and temporal (annual and seasonal) scales. Canonical Analysis of Principal Coordinates (CAP) was used to generate classifiers based on the otolith elemental fingerprints of juvenile fish, and `leave-one-out' cross-validation procedures indicated that the greatest classification accuracy was obtained by using the two-region model (upper vs. lower Tampa Bay) for both species (for Snook F=45.8, p=0.001, CAP cross-validation success=76%; for Red Drum F=9.7, p=0.001, CAP cross-validation success=87%). For both species, all temporal analyses at the inter-annual scale indicated that otolith elemental fingerprints were significantly different across years (two-way MANOVA; p Several environmental factors which may have contributed to the regional differences in otolith chemistry were examined, including physico-chemical parameters (surface measurements of salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, and temperature taken at the time of sample collection), surficial geologic stratigraphy, and land development. Weak, but significant correlations were identified between some elements and physico-chemical parameters; however, instantaneous measurements taken at the time of fish collection may not have provided an accurate representation of the overall conditions experienced by the fish during the period in which the otolith material used in analyses had been deposited (2 - 4 weeks). A significant correlation between latitude and otolith Sr/Ca was found, likely corresponding to an increasing ambient gradient that occurs from the upper to lower bay (for Red Drum F=77.1, p=0.001; for Snook F=69.2, p=0.001). The Land Development Intensity metric was negatively correlated with otolith Li/Ca and Sr/Ca. While surficial geologic inputs may have also contributed to the elemental composition of otoliths, the relationships revealed by redundancy analyses (RDA) were somewhat unclear or contradictory. Once the appropriate chemical characterization of the study area was identified (the two-region models for both species), elemental fingerprints from the core portions of sub-adult and adult otoliths were assigned to their most probable juvenile habitat region using a maximum likelihood estimator based on the posterior probabilities generated by CAP analyses (CAP-MLE). Application of the two-region model revealed that the majority of Red Drum (83%) was determined to have originated from juvenile habitats in the upper Tampa Bay region, while most Snook (60%) originated from juvenile habitats in the lower Tampa Bay region. The majority of sub-adult/adult Snook and Red Drum were collected from the same region in which they were determined to have originated (for Snook, 36 out of 55 = 65%; for Red Drum, 58 out of 78 = 74%), indicating some level of site fidelity to juvenile habitat areas. The use of otolith elemental profiling to reconstruct specific environmental and physiological experiences has the potential to provide unique insights regarding the life histories of Snook, a species with unpredictable spawning and movement characteristics. Otoliths from Snook maintained in captivity at the Mote Aquaculture Park (MAP) were analyzed to elucidate the degree to which various factors, including otolith growth (macrostructure features), spawning events, handling stress, and salinity influence otolith chemistry. Cross-correlation analyses of otolith elemental profiles and quantified macrostructure features (including annuli and checks) demonstrated that interpretations of elemental patterns should not be confounded by changes associated with otolith crystallography. An elemental marker for known spawning events was not identified (ANOVA spawners vs. non-spawners, p>0.05); however, because the physiological costs and alterations in blood chemistry associated with gonadal maturation (rather than the singular act of spawning) could affect otolith chemistry, additional studies which more thoroughly track maturation stages may be able to identify a suite of elements that can be used to discern the reproductive histories of Snook. Significantly elevated Zn:Ca (ANOVA: F=5.64, p=0.012) and decreased Fe:Ca (ANOVA: F=25.02, p Continuous life history Ba:Ca and Sr:Ca profiles of 56 wild Snook collected from throughout Tampa Bay revealed significant plasticity in the types of juvenile habitats settled, as well as in the timing of ontogenetic movements from these habitats. Of the profiles examined, 55% exhibited otolith core signatures characterized by an opposing Sr:Ca and Ba:Ca pattern, followed by an inverted pattern, providing an indicator of the movement of larvae from high salinity, pre-settlement environments into mesohaline, tidally-influenced juvenile habitats. In contrast, nearly half (45%) the Sr:Ca and Ba:Ca profiles indicated settlement in higher salinity environments, suggesting a high degree of habitat plasticity for juveniles of this species. For fish that settled into mesohaline habitats, decreases in Ba:Ca and/or increases in Sr:Ca over the first several years of life signaled the ontogenetic transition out of the juvenile habitat, with the timing of emergence ranging from within the first year to age-3. Because conditions during early life may propagate into divergent behaviors in subsequent life stages, information on the experiences of early life and juvenile stages could help to inform whether the occupation of different juvenile habitat types, or the precocious or delayed emergence from those habitats, explain the peculiar spawning and movement habits that occur in this species.
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4

Xia, Yang. "Characterising patterns of injecting drug use." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648787.

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5

Wettermark, Björn. "Drug utilization 90 % : using aggregate drug statistics for the quality assessment of prescribing /." Stockholm, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-7140-048-6/.

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6

Gossweiler, Robert S. "Differential Association and Patterns of Drug Use." W&M ScholarWorks, 1992. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625783.

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7

Shewan, David. "Patterns of drug using behaviour : the importance of drug, set, and setting." Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.480943.

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8

Pittrow, David, Wilhelm Kirch, Peter Bramlage, Hendrik Lehnert, Michael Höfler, Thomas Unger, Arya M. Sharma, and Hans-Ulrich Wittchen. "Patterns of antihypertensive drug utilization in primary care." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-105346.

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Background: In the treatment of hypertension, physicians’ attitudes and practice patterns are receiving increased attention as contributors to poor blood pressure (BP) control. Thus, current use of antihypertensive drugs in primary care was analyzed and the association with selected physician and patient characteristics was assessed. Methods: The Hypertension and Diabetes Risk Screening and Awareness (HYDRA) study is a cross-sectional point prevalence study of 45,125 primary care attendees recruited from a representative nationwide sample of 1912 primary care practices in Germany. Prescription frequencies of the various antihypertensive drugs in the individual patients were recorded by the physicians using standardized questionnaires. We assessed the association of patient variables [age, gender; co-morbidities such as diabetes, nephropathy or coronary heart disease (CHD)] and physician variables (general practitioner vs internist, guideline adherence, etc.) with drug treatment intensity and prescription patterns. Results: Of all 43,549 patients for whom a physician diagnosis on hypertension or diabetes was available, 17,485 (40.1%) had hypertension. Of these hypertensive patients, 1647 (9.4%) received no treatment at all, 1191 (6.8%) received non-pharmacological measures only, and 14,647 (83.8%) were given one or more antihypertensive drugs. Drug treatment rates were lower in young patients (16–40 years: 57.4%). BP control was poor: 70.6% of all patients were not normalized, i.e., had BP ≥140/90 mmHg. Antihypertensive treatment was generally intensified with increasing age, or if complications or comorbidities were present. The use of the different drug classes was rather uniform across the various patient subgroups (e.g., by age and gender). Individualized treatment with regard to co-morbidities as recommended in guidelines was not the rule. Adherence to guidelines as self-reported by physicians as well as other physician characteristics (region, training etc.) did not result in more differentiated prescription pattern. Conclusions: Despite the broad armamentarium of drug treatment options, physicians in primary care did not treat hypertension aggressively enough. Treatment was only intensified at a late stage, after complications had occurred. Treatment should be more differentiated in terms of coexisting morbidities such as diabetes, nephropathy, or CHD.
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9

Thomas, George. "Institutionalized black delinquents' drug-use patterns in Georgia." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1990. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/1209.

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The drug use patterns of black institutionalized delinquents aged 12 through 18 is examined in this thesis. The data were collected by administering a structured questionnaire in group settings. The sample consisted of 297 black male delinquents institutionalized in three Youth Development Centers (YDCs) of Georgia. The data were analyzed at two levels - descriptive and inferential. Descriptive analysis was used to develop a profile of the sample. Inferential analysis utilized Factor Analysis and Maximum Likelihood Latent Class Structural Analysis to construct a drug user typology. This study found:(1) that significant differences exist between delinquent drug users and non-users in terms of their personal and socialization factors; (2) that delinquents can be classified into three major drug user types (Non-User, Single Drug User, and Multiple Drug User); (3) that most of the delinquents (84 percent) are drug users; (4) that single and multiple users differ in terms of place and time of drug use; and (5) that a sequential progression from the use of beer and wine coolers to marijuana, and from the use of marijuana to other hard drugs seem to be the most common pattern of drug use among black delinquent drug users.
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10

Pittrow, David, Wilhelm Kirch, Peter Bramlage, Hendrik Lehnert, Michael Höfler, Thomas Unger, Arya M. Sharma, and Hans-Ulrich Wittchen. "Patterns of antihypertensive drug utilization in primary care." Technische Universität Dresden, 2004. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A26584.

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Background: In the treatment of hypertension, physicians’ attitudes and practice patterns are receiving increased attention as contributors to poor blood pressure (BP) control. Thus, current use of antihypertensive drugs in primary care was analyzed and the association with selected physician and patient characteristics was assessed. Methods: The Hypertension and Diabetes Risk Screening and Awareness (HYDRA) study is a cross-sectional point prevalence study of 45,125 primary care attendees recruited from a representative nationwide sample of 1912 primary care practices in Germany. Prescription frequencies of the various antihypertensive drugs in the individual patients were recorded by the physicians using standardized questionnaires. We assessed the association of patient variables [age, gender; co-morbidities such as diabetes, nephropathy or coronary heart disease (CHD)] and physician variables (general practitioner vs internist, guideline adherence, etc.) with drug treatment intensity and prescription patterns. Results: Of all 43,549 patients for whom a physician diagnosis on hypertension or diabetes was available, 17,485 (40.1%) had hypertension. Of these hypertensive patients, 1647 (9.4%) received no treatment at all, 1191 (6.8%) received non-pharmacological measures only, and 14,647 (83.8%) were given one or more antihypertensive drugs. Drug treatment rates were lower in young patients (16–40 years: 57.4%). BP control was poor: 70.6% of all patients were not normalized, i.e., had BP ≥140/90 mmHg. Antihypertensive treatment was generally intensified with increasing age, or if complications or comorbidities were present. The use of the different drug classes was rather uniform across the various patient subgroups (e.g., by age and gender). Individualized treatment with regard to co-morbidities as recommended in guidelines was not the rule. Adherence to guidelines as self-reported by physicians as well as other physician characteristics (region, training etc.) did not result in more differentiated prescription pattern. Conclusions: Despite the broad armamentarium of drug treatment options, physicians in primary care did not treat hypertension aggressively enough. Treatment was only intensified at a late stage, after complications had occurred. Treatment should be more differentiated in terms of coexisting morbidities such as diabetes, nephropathy, or CHD.
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Книги з теми "Drum Patterns"

1

Bardet, René Pierre. Drum machine patterns. Winona: Hal Leonard, 1986.

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2

Braman, Chuck. Drumming patterns: The components of rhythm and drum technique. Cleveland Heights, Ohio: Drumstroke Publications, 1988. https://www.drummingpatterns.com/book.

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3

Betsy, Sansby, and Anderson Marc, eds. Hip grooves for hand drums: How to play funk, rock & world-beat patterns on any drum. Minnetonka, MN: Dancing Hands, 2001.

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4

Pauly, Ortiz, ed. Beat it!: Serious drum patterns from Heavenly Music's Joe and Pauly Ortiz. Kent: PC Publishing, 1997.

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5

Canada. Library of Parliament. Law and Government Division. Drug laws and trafficking patterns in Canada. Ottawa: Library of Parliament, 1989.

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6

Mollie, Dunsmuir, ed. Drug laws and trafficking patterns in Canada. [Ottawa]: Library of Parliament, Research Branch, 1990.

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7

Harrison, Patricia A. Substance use in adolescence: Patterns and profiles. St. Paul, MN (444 Lafayette Rd., St. Paul 55155-3865): Minnesota Dept. of Human Services, Performance Measurement and Quality Improvement, 1997.

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8

Donnelly, Neil. Patterns of cannabis use in Australia. Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service, 1994.

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9

McAllister, Ian. Drugs in Australian society: Patterns, attitudes, and policies. Melbourne, Australia: Longman Cheshire, 1991.

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10

L, Johnson Stephen, ed. Doin' drugs: Patterns of African American addiction. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1996.

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Частини книг з теми "Drum Patterns"

1

Ostermann, Fabian, Igor Vatolkin, and Günter Rudolph. "Evaluation Rules for Evolutionary Generation of Drum Patterns in Jazz Solos." In Computational Intelligence in Music, Sound, Art and Design, 246–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55750-2_17.

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2

Voschezang, Mark. "Style Transfer of Abstract Drum Patterns Using a Light-Weight Hierarchical Autoencoder." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 121–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31978-6_10.

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3

Cockerell, Clay, Martin C. Mihm, Brian J. Hall, Cary Chisholm, Chad Jessup, and Margaret Merola. "Drug Reaction Patterns." In Dermatopathology, 185–200. London: Springer London, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-5448-8_14.

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4

Neale, Joanne. "Patterns of Heroin Use." In Drug Users in Society, 66–83. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230598676_5.

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5

Wolff, H. H., and M. Winzer. "Histopathological Patterns of Drug Eruptions." In New Trends in Allergy II, 240–54. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71316-3_26.

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Sandson, Neil B., and Catherine Marcucci. "The Six Patterns of Pharmacokinetic Drug–Drug Interactions." In A Case Approach to Perioperative Drug-Drug Interactions, 81–85. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7495-1_16.

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Hadland, Scott E. "Epidemiology and Historical Drug Use Patterns." In Treating Adolescent Substance Use, 3–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01893-1_1.

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van Laarhoven, Twan, and Elena Marchiori. "Biases of Drug–Target Interaction Network Data." In Pattern Recognition in Bioinformatics, 23–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09192-1_3.

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Su, Hongyu, Markus Heinonen, and Juho Rousu. "Structured Output Prediction of Anti-cancer Drug Activity." In Pattern Recognition in Bioinformatics, 38–49. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16001-1_4.

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Brunswick, Ann F., Peter A. Messeri, and Angela A. Aidala. "Changing Drug Use Patterns and Treatment Behavior." In Drug and Alcohol Abuse Prevention, 263–311. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0465-7_11.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Drum Patterns"

1

Bruford, Fred, Mathieu Barthet, SKoT McDonald, and Mark Sandler. "Modelling Musical Similarity for Drum Patterns." In AM'19: Audio Mostly. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3356590.3356611.

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2

Samman, Mahmod. "Bulging Patterns of Coke Drums." In ASME 2016 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2016-63812.

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One of the most common defects in coke drums is bulging, which is a non-uniform radial growth of the shell. Bulging often leads to cracks that occasionally result in leaks and fires. Drum bulging and cracking often cause unplanned outages, costly repairs, and premature replacement. Bulging is commonly treated as a single phenomenon that is caused by one failure mechanism. In this study, we examine this assumption using a database of one hundred and eighty four laser scans obtained from operational coke drums that vary in location, metallurgy, age, size, and wall thickness. Based on the study, we identified nine types of bulges and related them to loading mechanisms, design features, operating practices, and fabrication processes that likely contribute to their formation. This new understanding of bulging types and causes should help design, fabricate, and operate coke drums informed manner.
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3

Hubler, Stephan, and Rudiger Hoffmann. "Modelling drum patterns with weighted finite-state transducers." In ICASSP 2013 - 2013 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2013.6637742.

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4

Vivas, Gabriel A., Armando J. Moret, Roberto E. Bello, Luis M. Melian, and Egler D. Araque. "Assessment of the Influence of the Use of Weld Overlay As a Repair Method on the Stress Level of Bulged Sections of Coke Drums." In ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2017-65412.

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Several studies recognized that cracks in delayed coke drums resulted from low cycle fatigue induced by cyclic thermal stress [1], [2], [3]. According to a coke drum survey coordinated by API in 1996 [1], there are two different areas where cracks are produced. The first zone is located at the shell to skirt weld, and the second at the bulged areas found in the cylindrical section. In the second case, from 145 coke drums 57% reported that had shell bulging problems. Of the drums that bulged, 87 % also showed cracks. Recently, it has been reported the use of a novel weld repair procedure on bulged sections of a drum. In this repair, the bulge is overlaid with weld metal on the inside or outside on the bulge depending on the bulge shape. It has been reported that this repair procedure can stop further bulging on the shell, but detailed information about its influence has not yet been published. Finite element analysis of several bulged patterns that were identified from some laser mappings are used to compare the level of the stress after a weld overlay repair is made. The study was carried out running a sequentially-coupled thermo-mechanical analysis. The assessment shows the influence of the thickness and the extent of the weld overlay on the level of stress on bulged coke drums. The results indicated that depending on the initial bulged shape this repair method either reduces or increases the level of the stress. When an inward deformation pattern is observed, an external reinforcement is recommended; however, when an outward deformation pattern is developed in a coke drum, an external weld overlay repair is not recommended.
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5

Yin, Jianzhong, Zengchao Wang, Junchen Xu, Zhiyuan Han, and Guoshan Xie. "Numerical Simulation of Thermal-Mechanical Stress Field of Coke Drum Considering Deformation." In ASME 2020 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2020-21485.

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Abstract The coke drum is subjected to a combination of thermal-mechanical loads during operation, so its safety and reliability must be considered in actual production. In each production cycle, the thermal stress generated by temperature fluctuations in the coke drum is the main cause of structural failure. Based on this, a long-term service carbon steel coke drum was used as the research object and a method was proposed to evaluate the universality of the bulged coke drums in this paper. The details are as follows: firstly, the deformed coke drum was processed into a finite element geometric model by internal laser scanning detection. Then, the thermal mechanical coupled finite element analysis was performed on the two regions with large deformation based on the dynamic thermal boundary method. Next, the stresses and strains of the perfect geometry were analyzed and compared. Finally, the stress and strain distribution levels of different bulging patterns are obtained. These results indicate that the maximum stress and the maximum strain of the deformed region were increased by 35% and 77%, respectively, compared with the perfect geometry. Therefore, when evaluating the remaining life of the coke drums, bulges must be taken into account. Furthermore, this method proposed in this paper can provide guidance and reference for the life assessment of coke drums.
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6

Berry, Alex, Warren Brown, Antonio Seijas, and Sarah Cook. "Coke Drum Bottom Head Flange Design Optimisation." In ASME 2019 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93136.

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Abstract Bottom head flange leaks on coke drums are a too common occurrence for coke drum operators. This paper discusses why these complex joints leak, exploring phenomena such as bolt relaxation, flange rotation, bolt hole cracking, plastic deformation of a flange face due to cyclic thermal transients, as well as investigating the effects of gasket stress variation which can lead to gasket movement and distortion during successive drum cycles. The industry trend is to install automatic bottom un-heading devices (BUDs) to facilitate safe, reliable coke removal and to increase production through shortening un-heading operations. A case study is reviewed which shows how a new drum flange, coupled to a BUD, has been optimized using Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The findings show adequate flange thickness and optimized hub dimensions are required to combat plastic deformation of the flange ring and reduce gasket stress variation. Five designs are modelled, varying the flange thickness, outside diameter and hub geometry. Due to the close proximity of a new side nozzle, the full lower section of the drum has been modelled using quarter and half symmetry FEA with applied temperature distributions from each phase of a typical coke drum cycle; heating, coking and quench. This has allowed for nozzle loadings to be evaluated and the location of the flange weld to be optimized to give the greatest fatigue life. An explanation into why periodic re-tightening is required to keep these joints tight is provided along with recommendations on suitable joint assembly techniques using a combination of bolt load verification and alternative bolting patterns from ASME PCC-1.
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7

Kurotaki, Yuta, and Hisao Shiizuka. "Measurement and Classification of the Affective Value of Drum Rhythm Patterns." In 2011 Third International Conference on Intelligent Networking and Collaborative Systems (INCoS). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/incos.2011.116.

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8

Tan, Hui Li, Yongwei Zhu, Susanto Rahardja, and Lekha Chaisorn. "Rhythm analysis for personal and social music applications using drum loop patterns." In 2009 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icme.2009.5202842.

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9

Lattner, Stefan, and Maarten Grachten. "High-Level Control of Drum Track Generation Using Learned Patterns of Rhythmic Interaction." In 2019 IEEE Workshop on Applications of Signal Processing to Audio and Acoustics (WASPAA). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/waspaa.2019.8937261.

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Du Bois, Andre, and Rodrigo Ribeiro. "Combining Effects in a Music Programming Language based on Patterns." In Simpósio Brasileiro de Computação Musical. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/sbcm.2019.10430.

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HMusic is a domain specific language based on music patterns that can be used to write music and live coding. The main abstractions provided by the language are patterns and tracks. Code written in HMusic looks like patterns and multi-tracks available in music sequencers, drum machines and DAWs. HMusic provides primitives to design and combine patterns generating new patterns. The objective of this paper is to extend the original design of HMusic to allow effects on tracks. We describe new abstractions to add effects on individual tracks and in groups of tracks, and how they influence the combinators for track composition and multiplication. HMusic allows the live coding of music and, as it is embedded in the Haskell functional programming language, programmers can write functions to manipulate effects on the fly. The current implementation of the language is compiled into Sonic Pi [1], and we describe how the compiler’s back-end was modified to support the new abstractions for effects. HMusic can be and can be downloaded from [2].
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Звіти організацій з теми "Drum Patterns"

1

Halim, Nader. Regulation of Brain Glucose Metabolic Patterns by Protein Phosphorlyation and Drug Therapy. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1013984.

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2

Monroe, Megan, Tamra E. Meyer, Catherine Plaisant, Rongjian Lan, Krist Wongsuphasawat, Trinka S. Coster, Sigfried Gold, Jeff Millstein, and Ben Shneiderman. Visualizing Patterns of Drug Prescriptions with EventFlow: A Pilot Study of Asthma Medications in the Military Health System. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada588017.

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3

Aitken, Murray, Ernst Berndt, Barry Bosworth, Iain Cockburn, Richard Frank, Michael Kleinrock, and Bradley Shapiro. The Regulation of Prescription Drug Competition and Market Responses: Patterns in Prices and Sales Following Loss of Exclusivity. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w19487.

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4

Bobashev, Georgiy, John Holloway, Eric Solano, and Boris Gutkin. A Control Theory Model of Smoking. RTI Press, June 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2017.op.0040.1706.

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We present a heuristic control theory model that describes smoking under restricted and unrestricted access to cigarettes. The model is based on the allostasis theory and uses a formal representation of a multiscale opponent process. The model simulates smoking behavior of an individual and produces both short-term (“loading up” after not smoking for a while) and long-term smoking patterns (e.g., gradual transition from a few cigarettes to one pack a day). By introducing a formal representation of withdrawal- and craving-like processes, the model produces gradual increases over time in withdrawal- and craving-like signals associated with abstinence and shows that after 3 months of abstinence, craving disappears. The model was programmed as a computer application allowing users to select simulation scenarios. The application links images of brain regions that are activated during the binge/intoxication, withdrawal, or craving with corresponding simulated states. The model was calibrated to represent smoking patterns described in peer-reviewed literature; however, it is generic enough to be adapted to other drugs, including cocaine and opioids. Although the model does not mechanistically describe specific neurobiological processes, it can be useful in prevention and treatment practices as an illustration of drug-using behaviors and expected dynamics of withdrawal and craving during abstinence.
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5

Gupta, Aditya, Tong Wang, Shruthi Ravi, Mesbah Talukder, Jessie Carviel, and Mary Bamimore. Relative efficacy of microneedling in the treatment of pattern hair loss: a protocol for a systematic review with network meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.9.0042.

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Review question / Objective: The objective of the proposed study is to determine the relative efficacy of microneedling and combination of it and other agents for androgenetic alopecia (AGA)—a condition that is also referred to as pattern hair loss. Rationale: Pattern hair loss is one of the most common forms of hair loss in men and women; the condition is associated with decreased quality of life. Oral finasteride and topical minoxidil are treatments currently approved, by the United States Food and Drug Administration, for AGA. However, finasteride has been associated with significant side effects in men, and is not appropriate for women of childbearing potential. Furthermore, topical minoxidil requires daily prolonged use which is time-consuming for patients and requires high compliance to maintain efficacy. Due to these drawbacks, new treatments, such as microneedling, have been investigated. Microneedling involves the creation of small wounds on the scalp that prompt growth factor release and neovascularization—which, in turn, may promote hair growth. Microneedling has been used as a monotherapy—or in combination with other standard therapies—for the treatment of AGA. Further investigation through meta-analysis is salient as this quantitative technique can estimate the relative success of mono- and poly-therapy with microneedling; therefore, findings from a systematic review and meta-analysis on the comparative effectiveness can enable clinicians, patients, and researchers to make more informed decisions.
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6

Lines, Lisa M., Florence K. L. Tangka, Sonja Hoover, and Sujha Subramanian. People with Colorectal Cancer in SEER-Medicare: Part D Uptake, Costs, and Outcomes. RTI Press, May 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2020.rr.0037.2005.

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Limited information exists about enrollment in Part D prescription coverage by Medicare beneficiaries with cancer. Part D coverage may increase access to medicines. This study evaluated patterns of Part D uptake and costs and assessed the effects of coverage on hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) use among people with colorectal cancer (CRC). We analyzed Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)–Medicare linked data on fee-for-service (FFS) Medicare beneficiaries with at least 36 months of follow-up who were diagnosed with CRC at any point from January 2007 through December 2010, and a matched cohort of beneficiaries without cancer. Dual (Medicare/Medicaid) enrollees were excluded because they are automatically enrolled in Part D. Among beneficiaries with CRC (n=12,774), 39 percent had complete Part D coverage, defined as coverage in the diagnosis year and 2 subsequent years; the rate was 38 percent in the matched comparison cohort (P=.119). Among those with complete Part D coverage, there was no significant difference in annual prescription drug costs between people with CRC ($3,157, 95% confidence interval [CI]: $3,098–$3,216) and without ($3,113, 95% CI: $3,054–$3,172). Among people with CRC, odds of ED use ranged from unchanged to marginally higher for those with no or partial Part D coverage, (adjusted odds ratio: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.00–1.18), compared with those with complete Part D coverage. Lack of continuous Part D coverage was associated with more ED use among Medicare FFS beneficiaries with CRC in 2007–2013. Among people with Part D coverage, prescription drug costs varied little between those with CRC and matched beneficiaries without cancer.
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7

Apiyo, Eric, Zita Ekeocha, Stephen Robert Byrn, and Kari L. Clase. Improving Pharmacovigilliance Quality Management System in the Pharmacy and Poisions Board of Kenya. Purdue University, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317444.

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Анотація:
The purpose of this study was to explore ways of improving the pharmacovigilance quality system employed by the Pharmacy and Poisons Board of Kenya. The Pharmacy and Poisons Board of Kenya employs a hybrid system of pharmacovigilance that utilizes an online system of reporting pharmacovigilance incidences and a physical system, where a yellow book is physically filled by the healthcare worker and sent to the Pharmacy and Poisons Board for onward processing. This system, even though it has been relatively effective compared to other systems employed in Africa, has one major flaw. It is a slow and delayed system that captures the data much later after the fact and the agency will always be behind the curve in controlling the adverse incidents and events. This means that the incidences might continue to arise or go out of control. This project attempts to develop a system that would be more proactive in the collection of pharmacovigilance data and more predictive of pharmacovigilance incidences. The pharmacovigilance system should have the capacity to detect and analyze subtle changes in reporting frequencies and in patterns of clinical symptoms and signs that are reported as suspected adverse drug reactions. The method involved carrying out a thorough literature review of the latest trends in pharmacovigilance employed by different regulatory agencies across the world, especially the more stringent regulatory authorities. A review of the system employed by the Pharmacy and Poisons Board of Kenya was also done. Pharmacovigilance data, both primary and secondary, were collected and reviewed. Media reports on adverse drug reactions and poor-quality medicines over the period were also collected and reviewed. An appropriate predictive pharmacovigilance tool was also researched and identified. It was found that the Pharmacy and Poisons Board had a robust system of collecting historical pharmacovigilance data both from the healthcare workers and the general public. However, a more responsive data collection and evaluation system is proposed that will help the agency achieve its pharmacovigilance objectives. On analysis of the data it was found that just above half of all the product complaints, about 55%, involved poor quality medicines; 15% poor performance, 13% presentation, 8% adverse drug reactions, 7% market authorization, 2% expired drugs and 1% adulteration complaints. A regulatory pharmacovigilance prioritization tool was identified, employing a risk impact analysis was proposed for regulatory action.
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