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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Drug abuse Treatment"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 30 липня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Drug abuse Treatment"

Woody, George E., and Marc Auriacombe. "Drug abuse treatment." Current Opinion in Psychiatry 5, no. 3 (June 1992): 420–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001504-199206000-00014.

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Anglin, M. Douglas, and Yih-Ing Hser. "Treatment of Drug Abuse." Crime and Justice 13 (January 1990): 393–460. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/449179.

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AZRIN, N. H., B. Donohue, V. A. Besalel, E. S. Kogan, and R. ACIERNO. "Youth Drug Abuse Treatment:." Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse 3, no. 3 (December 6, 1994): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j029v03n03_01.

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Parillo, Kathleen M., Robert C. Freeman, and Paul Young. "Association Between Child Sexual Abuse and Sexual Revictimization in Adulthood Among Women Sex Partners of Injection Drug Users." Violence and Victims 18, no. 4 (August 2003): 473–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/vivi.2003.18.4.473.

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Community-recruited women (n = 1490) were interviewed about their early and adult sexual victimization histories to determine whether there was an association between child sexual abuse and adult revictimization by sex partners and strangers/nonsex partners. Adolescent sexual abuse, lifetime sex-trading, drug treatment, and mental health treatment were examined as mediating variables. One-fourth of the women had been revictimized (i.e., experienced child sexual abuse and at least one instance of adult sexual victimization). Child sexual abuse was associated with both rape and other sexual victimization by a sex partner in adulthood, as well as adult rape by a stranger/nonsex partner. Drug and mental health treatments reduced abused women’s chances of being raped by a sex partner; drug treatment also decreased the likelihood of other sexual victimization by a sex partner. Sex-trading increased abused women’s likelihood of rape by a stranger or nonsex partner. Intervention—including drug treatment—can help women with child sexual abuse histories overcome some of the abuse-related sequelae that make them vulnerable to adult revictimization.

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Alya Attiah, Alghamdi. "Cognitive behavioral therapy treatment for drug addiction." Journal of Addiction Therapy and Research 7, no. 1 (April 17, 2023): 005–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.29328/journal.jatr.1001025.

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Анотація:

Drug addiction remains a major health concern following its devastating consequences to the users and the economy. Current statistics show a rising trend in substance abuse around the globe with approximately 284 million people engaging in drug abuse. Various approaches are used to treat the victims of drug abuse. Cognitive behavior therapy, a form of nonpharmacological intervention, has also been shown to be an effective treatment option for drug addiction. The use of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) has grown since the 1970s to become one of the most important models of psychotherapy in this decade. Various empirical studies have shown the efficacy of CBT in well-controlled trials. A total of 19 randomized trials (cases) (with over 1400 patients treated) were selected and studied. In the various cases, results showed that patients were treated for drug and substance abuse disorders with the majority being those who abused cannabis, cocaine, alcohol and other opioids. In most cases, the CBT techniques that were used for drug addiction included cognitive restructuring, relapse prevention and contingency management. Components of CBT for drug addiction include skills and training, amplification of non-substance-related activities, approaches for managing urges, drug rejection and improvement of social aptitudes. Cognitive restructuring focuses on the identification of misconceptions and influencing the way people think about themselves by eliminating distorted thinking. Relapse prevention focuses on the identification and prevention of high-risk situations that may trigger the patient to engage in drug abuse. Contingency management reinforces positive behaviors and reduces negative behaviors through the use of rewards and incentives.

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Nautiyal, Anuj. "Drug Abuse & Cognitive Functioning." Mental Health & Human Resilience International Journal 7, no. 2 (2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/mhrij-16000227.

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Extensive research has been conducted on cognitive impairments in substance use disorders, particularly with the advancements in cognitive and computational neuroscience as well as neuroimaging techniques over the past two decades. It has been noticed that, impaired cognition functioning is the common factor in person with substance abuse most precisely in case of attention, memory, recalling, decision making etc. Addiction has been showing basic impairment in brain and brain related processes through improper regulation and decreasing motivation and development of apathy. This special issue addresses cognitive impairment as a trans-diagnostic domain, highlighting the potential benefits of advancing the understanding and treatment of cognitive dysfunction in substance use disorders for various psychiatric conditions. In line with this overarching objective, we provide a summary of current findings in the fore mentioned cognitive domains of substance use disorders. Additionally, we propose an expansion of the scope to encompass precognition and social cognition, which are often overlooked but hold significant relevance to substance use disorders. While these two areas have received comparatively less attention, they are essential aspects of substance use disorders both phenomenologically and in other respects. The review concludes by suggesting avenues for further research and potential therapeutic interventions targeting both the well-established cognitive domains and this more comprehensive understanding of cognitive impairments associated with substance use disorders.

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Fernández-Montalvo, Javier, José J. López-Goñi, Alfonso Arteaga, Raúl Cacho, and Paula Azanza. "Therapeutic Progression in Abused Women Following a Drug-Addiction Treatment Program." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 32, no. 13 (June 30, 2015): 2046–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260515591980.

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This study explored the prevalence of victims of abuse and the therapeutic progression among women who sought treatment for drug addiction. A sample of 180 addicted Spanish women was assessed. Information was collected on the patients’ lifetime history of abuse (psychological, physical, and/or sexual), socio-demographic factors, consumption variables, and psychological symptoms. Of the total sample, 74.4% ( n = 134) of the addicted women had been victims of abuse. Psychological abuse affected 66.1% ( n = 119) of the patients, followed by physical abuse (51.7%; n = 93) and sexual abuse (31.7%; n = 57). Compared with patients who had not been abused, the addicted women with histories of victimization scored significantly higher on several European version of the Addiction Severity Index (EuropASI) and psychological variables. Specifically, physical abuse and sexual abuse were related to higher levels of severity of addiction. Regarding therapeutic progression, the highest rate of dropout was observed among victims of sexual abuse (63.5%; n = 33), followed by victims of physical abuse (48.9%; n = 23). Multivariate analysis showed that medical and family areas of the EuropASI, as well as violence problems and suicide ideation, were the main variables related to physical and/or sexual abuse. Moreover, women without abuse and with fewer family problems presented the higher probability of treatment completion. The implications of these results for further research and clinical practice are discussed.

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Hawkins, J. David, and Richard F. Catalano. "Aftercare in Drug Abuse Treatment." International Journal of the Addictions 20, no. 6-7 (January 1985): 917–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10826088509047759.

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Leukefeld, Carl G., and Frank M. Tims. "Compulsory Treatment for Drug Abuse." International Journal of the Addictions 25, no. 6 (January 1990): 621–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10826089009061324.

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Coutinho, Roel A., and Christina Hartgers. "AIDS and drug abuse treatment." Current Opinion in Psychiatry 5, no. 3 (June 1992): 426–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001504-199206000-00015.

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Дисертації з теми "Drug abuse Treatment"

Gibson, Fiona Winifred. "The treatment of drug abuse in Cape Town." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14567.

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Анотація:

Bibliography: leaves 174-213.
Three questions concerning drug use and its treatment in Cape Town are posed in an attempt to guide planning of the treatment system. Firstly, is drug use in Cape Town of a problematic nature and magnitude? An affirmative conclusion is reached here by analysis of relevant local studies but is rendered tentative by inadequacies of the data. Secondly, are the relevant professional medical-psychological treatment facilities able to meet the treatment needs of all drug abusers in Cape Town? Analysis of the treatment system by means of a questionnaire produced a negative conclusion which was necessarily tentative. Thirdly, what directions should future expansion or modification take in order that cost-effectiveness be maximised? Three areas, were investigated by review of the literature - should psychotherapy be included in drug abuse treatment? Can drug abusers be effectively treated alongside other psychiatric patients? Can drug abusers be effectively treated as outpatients? Affirmative conclusions were reached in each case. Suggestions are made for accurate matching of patients to in- or outpatient treatment situations.

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Soo, Kam-hing Rosanna. "A descriptive study of the perceived treatment and post-treatment environment for female ex-drug abusers in S.A.R.D.A." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1988. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42128328.

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Lam, Wai-on. "Drug treatment in Hong Kong a comparative study of residential drug treatment programmes in Hong Kong /." Thesis, Click to view the thesis via HKUTO, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B35278249.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Scarman Centre for the Study of Public Order, University of Leicester in association with School of Professional and Continuing Education, University of Hong Kong, 1999.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 59-61) Also available in print.

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Soo, Kam-hing Rosanna, and 蘇錦馨. "A descriptive study of the perceived treatment and post-treatment environment for female ex-drug abusers in S.A.R.D.A." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1988. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42128328.

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Xue, Liu. "HIGH-ACTIVITY MUTANTS OF HUMAN BUTYRYLCHOLINESTERASE FOR COCAINE ABUSE TREATMENT." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/pharmacy_etds/40.

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Анотація:

Cocaine is a widely abused drug without an FDA-approved medication. It has been recognized as an ideal anti-cocaine medication to accelerate cocaine metabolism producing biologically inactive metabolites via a route similar to the primary cocaine-metabolizing pathway, i.e. butyrylcholinesterase (BChE)-catalyzed hydrolysis. However, the native BChE has a low catalytic activity against cocaine. We recently designed and discovered a set of BChE mutants with a high catalytic activity specifically for cocaine. An ideal, therapeutically valuable mutant of human BChE should have not only a significantly improved catalytic activity against cocaine, but also certain selectivity for cocaine over neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) such that one would not expect systemic administration of the BChE mutant to interrupt cholinergic transmission. Through integrated computational-experimental studies, several BChE mutants were identified to have not only a considerably improved catalytic efficiency against cocaine, but also the desirable selectivity for cocaine over ACh. Representative BChE mutants have been confirmed to be potent in actual protection of mice from acute toxicity (convulsion and lethality) of a lethal dose of cocaine (180 mg/kg, LD100). Pretreatment with the BChE mutant (i.e. 1 min prior to cocaine administration) dose-dependently protected mice against cocaine-induced convulsions and lethality. The in vivo data reveal the primary factor, i.e. the relative catalytic efficiency, determining the efficacy in practical protection of mice from the acute cocaine toxicity and future direction for further improving the efficacy of the enzyme in the cocaine overdose treatment. For further characterization in animal models, we successfully developed high-efficiency stable cell lines efficiently expressing the BChE mutants by using a lentivirus-based repeated-transduction method. The large-scale protein production enabled us to further characterize the in vivo profiles of the BChE mutant concerning the biological half-life and potency in accelerating cocaine clearance. In particular, it has been demonstrated that the BChE mutant can rapidly metabolize cocaine and completely eliminate cocaine-induced hyperactivity in rodents, implying that the BChE mutant may be developed as a promising therapeutic agent for cocaine abuse treatment.

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Best, David W. "Seeking explanations about drug use : methodological issues around explaining self-reported drug behaviours." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1998. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21402.

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Анотація:

The thesis investigates the dynamics that surround participants' responses to questions about illicit drug activities. By examining the attributional and discursive literatures, the opening chapters (Chapters 1 and 2) outline the difficulties associated with assuming veridicality in question-answer dyads. Emphasis is placed on the essentially social and intentional foundations of the applied research procedure. The existing research on methodological effects in substance research is outlined at the start of Chapter 3. These form the foundation for the empirical investigations that constitute the remainder of the thesis. The studies carried out attempt to examine methodological issues in the context of applied research procedures that combine quantitative outcomes with qualitative considerations such as reflexive consideration of the role of the researcher and the status of the participant. The first investigation demonstrates the influence of treatment status on the discourse provided by adult substance users. Drug users in contact with treatment services provide drug-related explanations distinct from those given by users who are not in treatment. This distinction is assessed in terms of a theoretical model of addiction based on discursive criteria and contextual influence (Chapter 4). These contextual influences are further examined in the empirical studies presented in Chapters 4 and 5 in which the subjects are young people whose drug experiences are assessed in the context of drug education (Chapter 5) and treatment and service needs (Chapter 6). Each of these investigations attempts to demonstrate the sophistication of discourse that respondents exhibit in their drug-related conversations and the ways in which their attitudes and understandings of these topics are shaped by the context of the experiences they have had.

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Gilson, Brian P. "Surveying the views of alcohol and drug treatment providers on family involvement in treatment." Online version, 2001. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2001/2001gilsonb.pdf.

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Simmons, Travis G. ""Because they made me come" : motivation and outcome in adolescent substance abuse treatment /." Electronic version (PDF), 2005. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2005/simmonst/travissimmons.html.

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Garvis, Pamela J. "Assessing methamphetamine withdrawal symptoms in the residential substance abuse treatment patient." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1605148101&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Molin, Irene, and Angelica Wågby. "The Significans of the Sexual Identity in Drug Abuse Treatment." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-26211.

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Valet av vårt ämne har framförallt sprungit ur att vi har sett en brist vad gäller problematisering kring sexuell identitet och socialt arbete. Vårt syfte med denna uppsats har varit att undersöka hur personal på behandlingshem ser på den sexuella identitetens betydelse inom missbrukarvård. Vi har dessutom intervjuat en psykolog på RFSL om hennes perspektiv på ämnet. I uppsatsen tar vi även upp hur man ser på sexualiteten och den sexuella identiteten i förhållande till kön, då vi har sett att kön och sexualitet är tätt sammankopplat. Vi har använt oss av kvalitativ metod och semistrukturerade intervjuer med två personer som arbetar på könssegregerad missbruksbehandling och två som arbetar på könsblandad. Den femte personen är från RFSL och har en annan utgångspunkt eftersom hon står utanför den institutionella missbrukarvården. Intervjupersonernas svar har vi analyserat och tolkat med hjälp av tidigare forskning samt teorier framförallt av Judith Butler, Beverly Skeggs samt Robert W. Connell. Uppsatsens visar hur intervjupersonerna förhåller sig till och ser på just den sexuella identiteten i förhållande till behandling. Vad vi framförallt har sett varit genomgående är att sexualitet i sig kan vara svårt att tala om, vilket ger personer som är osäkra i sin sexuella identitet litet utrymme att komma till tals och få den hjälp den behöver. När det gäller sexualitet och sexuell identitet har vi sett att man ofta resonerar kring komplementära kön.

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Книги з теми "Drug abuse Treatment"

Watson, Ronald R., ed. Drug Abuse Treatment. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0359-9.

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R, Watson Ronald, ed. Drug abuse treatment. Totowa, N.J: Humana Press, 1992.

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Phillips, Lynn. Drug abuse. New York: M. Cavendish, 1994.

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W, Pickens Roy, Leukefeld Carl G, Schuster Charles R, and National Institute on Drug Abuse., eds. Improving drug abuse treatment. Rockville, MD: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration, National Institute on Drug Abuse, 1991.

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1977-, Espejo Roman, ed. Drug abuse. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, 2002.

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United States. Office of National Drug Control Policy., ed. Understanding drug treatment. Washington, D.C: Office of National Drug Control Policy, Executive Office of the President, 1990.

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Oketch, Seth. Understanding & treating drug abuse. Nairobi, Kenya: Queenex Holdings, 2008.

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Giannini, A. James. Drug abuse. Los Angeles, Calif: Health Information Press, 1999.

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National Institute on Drug Abuse, ed. Drug abuse treatment: A community solution. [Rockville, Md.?]: Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration, National Institute on Drug Abuse, 1989.

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North Carolina. Administrative Office of the Courts. Drug treatment court report. Raleigh, N.C: The Office, 1995.

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Частини книг з теми "Drug abuse Treatment"

Anglin, M. Douglas, and Yih-Ing Hser. "Drug Abuse Treatment." In Drug Abuse Treatment, 1–36. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0359-9_1.

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Upchurch Sweeney, C. Renn, J. Rick Turner, J. Rick Turner, Chad Barrett, Ana Victoria Soto, William Whang, Carolyn Korbel, et al. "Drug Abuse: Treatment." In Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine, 632. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1005-9_245.

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Tucker, Jalie A., and Rudy E. Vuchinich. "Substance Abuse Relapse." In Drug Abuse Treatment, 71–98. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0359-9_4.

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Price, Richard H., and Thomas A. D’Aunno. "The Organization and Impact of Outpatient Drug Abuse Treatment Services." In Drug Abuse Treatment, 37–60. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0359-9_2.

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Kaple, James M. "Development of an Information Strategy for the Drug Treatment System." In Drug Abuse Treatment, 61–69. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0359-9_3.

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Szalay, Lorand B., Shelley K. Vilov, and Jean B. Strohl. "Charting the Psychological Correlates of Drug Abuse." In Drug Abuse Treatment, 99–120. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0359-9_5.

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Joseph, Anne M. "Treatment of Nicotine Dependence in Substance Use Disorder Patients." In Drug Abuse Treatment, 121–35. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0359-9_6.

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Rosen, Marc I., and Thomas R. Kosten. "Buprenorphine for Opioid and Cocaine Dependence." In Drug Abuse Treatment, 137–47. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0359-9_7.

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Weiss, Susan R. B., Robert M. Post, and Thomas G. Aigner. "Carbamazepine in the Treatment of Cocaine-Induced Disorders." In Drug Abuse Treatment, 149–74. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0359-9_8.

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Wallace, Barbara C. "Relapse Prevention for the Cocaine and Crack Dependent." In Drug Abuse Treatment, 175–203. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0359-9_9.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Drug abuse Treatment"

Altay, Osman, and Hatice Mutlu. "Financial Evaluation of Drug Addiction Rehabilitation Services with Respect to the Health Economics." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c12.02360.

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Healthcare interventions are concern of government policies, health service providers, civil society organizations and public. These interventions are mainly criticized with respect to their cost effectiveness. However, economic, social and health benefits of drug addiction rehabilitation services are not well understood and they remain relatively subsidized in comparison to other aspects of healthcare interventions. But, notwithstanding this, drug addiction rehabilitation services are generally financed with public funds in Turkey as like many other countries and this situation become subject to questioning when fiscal policies and cost effectiveness of these services are considered. Based on this circumstances there is a great need for scientifically sound and practical financial and economic evaluation of substance abuse treatment services. In Turkey, recent legislative developments on substance abuse treatment services provide a baseline for structural evaluation of financial and economic feasibility of these services. In spite of ongoing methodological and empirical developments in economic evaluation of the primary health services, similar studies regarding addiction treatments are very rare in the literature. Correspondingly, methodological guidelines in this area are also very limited. This study addresses these gaps by presenting a financial and economic evaluation of drug addiction rehabilitation services in Turkey considering urgent need of intervention in this area. Evaluation of these services is based on the basic requirements of a drug addiction rehabilitation center, which is determined by the related legislation in Turkey, and the evaluation was conducted according to the methodological principles presented by EMCDDA, European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addictions.

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Dashdavaa, Dorjmaa, Naranzul Dambaa, Baatarkhuu Oidov, and Khishigsuren Zuunnast. "Effects of Alcohol and Tobacco Abuse on Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment Outcome, Mongolia." In ICMHI 2022: 2022 6th International Conference on Medical and Health Informatics. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3545729.3545793.

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"PV-087 - PERSONALITY DISORDER AND MODAFINIL DEPENDENCE – A CASE REPORT." In 24 CONGRESO DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPAÑOLA DE PATOLOGÍA DUAL. SEPD, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.17579/abstractbooksepd2022.pv087.

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Introduction: Comorbidity of personality and substance use disorders, including prescription drug abuse, is common in clinical practice. We present a case report of a patient with a diagnosis of a personality disorder and symptoms of modafinil dependence. Case report: 33-year-old male, single, unemployed for over 3 years. He started psychological treatment at the age of 17 due to anxiety symptoms. Since the age of 21 he had irregular consultations with several psychiatrists in private practice. He received several diagnoses, including anxiety, depression, obsessive compulsive disorder and personality disorder. In one of the consultations, modafinil 100mg was prescribed twice daily to alleviate depressive symptoms. The patient gradually increased the dose to up to 1000mg a day. He presented for a consultation in our psychiatric hospital claiming he had been trying to reduce the dose of the drug. He had a fast speech and showed aggressive behavior, reported intrusive suicidal and homicidal thoughts, and had recent episodes of aggressive behavior requiring police intervention. Hospitalization was proposed for discontinuation of the psychostimulant medication. Discussion and conclusions: Modafinil is a central nervous system stimulant, pharmacologically different from other stimulants. It is approved in Portugal for the treatment of excessive somnolence associated with narcolepsy. However, it is often used off label in several countries as an adjunctive treatment for symptoms of depression or fatigue associated with cancer or neurologic diseases. Although modafinil is typically associated with low abuse potential, case reports have been presented in the literature describing patterns of abuse and dependence of this drug. It is important that clinicians prescribe it with caution, bearing in mind patients' past consumption patterns and traits and that may increase the risk of abuse, such as high novelty seeking and reward sensitivity and low agreeableness and conscientiousness.

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Cury, Maria Luiza Ferri, Gabriel Pereira Braga, and Isabelly de Arruda Cardoso Slavec. "Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome in a multi- drug abuser and chronic dialysis patient." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.219.

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Background: Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) considers two possible mechanisms, the interruption of cerebral self-regulation due to high blood pressure levels and vasospasm triggered by high pressure. The etiologies includes pre-eclampsia, immunosuppressants1 , illicit drugs and kidney diseases2 . The clinic ranges from headache to coma3,4. Objective: Expose the relevance of PRES as a differential diagnosis among neurovascular pathologies. Setting: Santa Casa de Misericórdia Hospital, Campo Grande- MS. Methods: Clinical follow-up of the patient during the hospitalization period. Case report: Male, 25 years, chronic dialysis kidney disease, uncontrolled hypertension, epileptic and multiple drug abuser. Admitted to emergency department with peak pressure, mental confusion, disorientation in addition to motor deficit, after epileptic crisis and abuse of drugs. First evaluation, pacient showed incomplete hemiparesis and hypoaesthesia on the left, predominantly brachio-facial (strength grade 3) and visual turbidity. Initial approach with antiepileptic and antihypertensive medication, associated with intermittent hemodialysis. In the evolution, he presented decreased strength. The magnetic resonance of the skull showed hypersignal in T2 and FLAIR of subcortical frontal-parietal and bilateral occiptal predominance1 . The arteriography of 4 vessels had presence of diffuse moderate vasospasm in the left, right carotid brain system and basilar vertebral system, compatible with the hypothesis. He underwent a new arteriography after treatment without vasospasm. Discharged from the hospital with preserved bilateral sensitivity and strength. Conclusion: Early identification of PRES allows resolute treatment once it has a favorable and benign clinical outcome2.

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Dağlıoğlu, Nebile, Aslı Atasoy Aydın, Evşen Yavuz Güzel, and Berfin Sude Ertas. "Wastewater Analysis of Illicit Substances as a Means of Detecting Substance Abuse." In Panel on "Effective Drug Control Strategies in Northern Cyprus: Challenges and Opportunities in 2024". Emanate Publishing House Ltd., 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.70020/ehass.2024.7.2.

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Wastewater-Based Epidemiology (WBE) is a rapidly developing discipline with the potential to provide near real-time data on regional and temporal variations in the use of various legal substances, including nicotine, alcohol, caffeine, and illicit drugs. Since the early 2000s, wastewater analysis has been increasingly utilized to gauge the prevalence of illicit drug use within society. Reasons for this adoption include the method’s efficiency, the ease of sample acquisition, and the cost-effectiveness of analysis. Wastewater analysis yields estimated consumption data at the provincial level by detecting target substances within the influent of provincial wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and subsequently performing back-calculations. WWTP selection for analysis involves a careful evaluation of factors such as the basins/populations served, infrastructure compatibility and the feasibility of 24-hour composite sampling. Following the collection of both influent and effluent water samples from designated WWTPs, a solid-phase extraction (SPE) method is employed for sample preparation. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS-MS) is then used to identify and quantify legal and illicit substances and their respective metabolites. The detected concentrations of either the target substance or its primary metabolite form the basis for calculating the estimated amounts of substances consumed within the region. Consequently, WBE has emerged as a valuable tool for the real-time assessment of substance use patterns across various populations, encompassing legal and illicit substances. Moreover, WBE demonstrates promise in novel application areas, including monitoring biomarkers relevant to forensic investigations. These biomarkers may provide insights into lifestyle factors, disease prevalence within a population, and exposure to environmental pollutants.

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Shoshan, Stacy, Iris Levy, and Paola Rosca. "Israel: the land of milk, honey and cannabis." In 2021 Virtual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2022.01.000.26.

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Cannabis use in Israel has escalated exponentially leading to paralleled increases in psychiatric disorders and admissions to residential drug treatment facilities. Our data from the Israeli Ministry of Health Department for the Treatment of Substance Abuse shows that mental and behavioral disorders due to cannabis use have gone up 825% between 2010 and 2019. Also in 2019, amongst drug and alcohol residential treatment centers, where polysubstance use has become the norm, cannabis was reported as the primary substance leading to treatment admission. 52% of those admitted to treatment listed cannabis as their drug of choice, with a huge gap between cannabis and alcohol in second place at 21%. These statistics are particularly concerning since cannabis is currently available not only in the black market and online in Israel, but also as "medical cannabis." The most alarming issue is that Israel will most likely become the 3rd nation in the world to officially legalize cannabis within the next year.

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"O-007 - PRESCRIPTION PATTERNS ON PATIENTS WITH DUAL DIAGNOSIS: A RETROSPECTIVE INPATIENT ANALYSIS." In 24 CONGRESO DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPAÑOLA DE PATOLOGÍA DUAL. SEPD, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.17579/abstractbooksepd2022.o007.

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Introduction. Dual diagnosis (DD) refers to the simultaneous diagnosis of a psychiatric disorder and a substance use disorder (SUD). The prevalence rate is considerably high in patients with schizophrenia and affective disorders; it predicts a more severe illness course, with decreased adherence to treatment and higher rates of hospitalization. As such, there is a growing demand for clinical guidelines and treatment consensus for these patients. In this retrospective analysis, we aimed to examine if and how prescription patterns in DD differ regarding psychiatric diagnosis and type of substance used. Methods. Data from patients with a DD diagnosis admitted at Lisbon’s Psychiatric Hospital Center from June to September 2021 was collected (n=94). Chi-square or Fisher tests were used to analyze associations between substance use and specific psychiatric disorders, along with number and class of medications prescribed. Results. Schizophrenia was the most frequent diagnosis (n=47). The most abused substances were alcohol (n=62) and cannabinoids (n=57). We found a statistically significant association between schizophrenia and cannabis misuse (p=0,006). A personality disorder diagnosis was also found to be associated to the misuse of cannabinoids (p=0,04) and cocaine (p=0,003). Finally, there was a statistically significant association between prescription of 2 or more drugs from different classes and a diagnosis of schizophrenia. No association was found between number/class of drugs, other psychiatric conditions or the type of substance misuse. Conclusion. Our study confirms well established associations between specific substance use and psychiatric conditions. However, no evidence of a specific drug prescription pattern of use in DD patient was apparent, which suggests the need for more studies on DD population and treatment outcomes.

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"O-008 - CLOZAPINE TREATMENT AND ACUTE RELAPSE'S PREVENTION IN DUAL DIAGNOSIS PATIENTS." In 24 CONGRESO DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPAÑOLA DE PATOLOGÍA DUAL. SEPD, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.17579/abstractbooksepd2022.o008.

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Objectives: to analyze prescription pattern of clozapine in dual diagnosis (DD) inpatients' and to find out if there was any association with acute relapses either from psychiatric symptoms or from substance use disorder. Material and Methods: a retrospective study was conducted with all patients admitted at Lisbon's Psychiatric Hospital Center for psychiatric inpatient treatment during a 4 months' period. Patients with a dual diagnosis at discharge were selected and their clinical files were screened to assess sociodemographic and clinical information. Results and conclusions: from a total of 536 inpatients, 17,5% had a dual diagnosis at discharge. Most frequent substance of abuse was alcohol, followed by cannabinoids, nicotine, cocaine, and opiates. Most frequent psychiatric diagnosis associated with substance use disorder was schizophrenia (50%), depressive disorder (17%) and bipolar disorder (10,6%). Clozapine was prescribed to 22,3% patients and a statistically significant association was found between clozapine prescription and prevention of acute relapses of psychiatric symptoms in DD patients. Although there was no significant association between prescription of clozapine versus other antipsychotic drugs in preventing relapses of substance use, there was found a larger than expected number of patients in clozapine that didn't have a relapse of substance use.

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Rodríguez, Derly Judaissy Díaz, Jeffrey Andrés Díaz Rodríguez, Diva Constanza Gil Forero, and María Paula Pineda Díaz. "Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome and other chronic neurological syndromes related to alcohol abuse: prevention in people without home." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.686.

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Introduction: The homeless population has a high prevalence of alcoholism and consumption of other drugs, which also means that they are at greater risk of developing all complications resulting from alcohol abuse. (MILER et al, 2021). The medical attention for homeless population is a device of the Unified Health System that claims social, health policies and the guarantee of fundamental rights (BRASIL, 2009). Methods: Evaluation of protocols and referral flows for the treatment of patients with ‘mental disorders and due to alcohol use’, of the medical attention for homeless population in the city of Petrópolis (Rio de Janeiro), between April / 2020 and April 2021, data from e-SUS, and literature review. Results: The city of Petrópolis (Rio de Janeiro) registered 259 people without home, 84.8% are men, all people are adults between 20-74 years old, 98% are born Brazilians, 92% reported alcohol consumption, and alcohol with other drugs 61% (cocaine, crack, marijuana, solvent, tobacco). There was 3 patients with diagnose of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome: 2 men and 1 woman (aged 60-65 years) in the period from April 2020 - April 2021 (BRAZIL, 2021 The medical attention for homeless population approach to alcoholism includes the CAGE and AUDIT tests, symptomatic treatment and brief psychological interventions. aimed at weaning, and the Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment of Alcohol Scale Revised scale to quantify the degree of abstinence. However, the majority of users do not want total cessation, generally they choose to reduce consumption (secondary prevention), and later recovery and reintegration into society, highlighting that self-help groups and social assistance have a prominent role (tertiary prevention) (MARSCHARLL; GREGANTI, 2002; LONGO, et al., 2013). Conclusion: Despite confounding / aggravating factors such as social determinants in health, and the difficulties of the health network, the medical attention for homeless population is fundamental in the secondary and tertiary prevention of neurological diseases due to chronic alcohol consumption; complex cases require complex interventions, that is, individualization, adaptation and flexibility.

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Yatskevich, N., H. Hurevich, V. Solodovnikova, E. Garsevanidze, N. Lachenal, JL Alvarez, N. Sitali, A. Sinha, and A. Skrahina. "Preliminary data on safety and effectiveness of six-month all-oral regimens in patients with rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis in Belarus." In MSF Scientific Day International 2023. NYC: MSF-USA, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.57740/6r4t-kf45.

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INTRODUCTION The total duration of treatment for rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) in Belarus prior to December 2022 was 18-20 months. The efficacy of treatment with such regimens is low, with the WHO’s Global TB Report suggesting that efficacy was around 73% in Belarus in 2018. The development of effective short regimens for RR-TB treatment is urgent. In Belarus, six-month long treatment with all-oral regimens is used in patients with RR-TB, under operational research conditions, following WHO recommendations. METHODS A preliminary assessment of the effectiveness of six-month all-oral regimens containing bedaquiline, pretomanid, linezolid, and moxifloxacin or clofazimine (BPaLM/BPaLC), was performed in a cohort of RR-TB patients. Treatment outcomes, time to culture conversion, and time to adverse event (AE) occurrence, AE types, frequency, and outcomes are described. ETHICS This study was approved by the MSF Ethics Review Board (ERB) and by the Belarus Ministry of Health ERB. RESULTS Of 177 patients who were enrolled from February 2022 to July 2022, one patient was excluded due to linezolid resistance; this patient continued treatment under an individualised regimen. Of the rest of the cohort (133 (76%) male, 43 female (24%); median age, 44 years (interquartile range, IQR, 25-29 years), 93.2% (164/176) had a favourable treatment outcome, 11 patients were lost to follow-up, and one died. 52 (30%) patients had a sputum smear positive result at treatment start, 59 (34%) a cavitary lesion on chest X-ray, and 42 (24%) patients had been previously treated. 12 patients (7%) were HIV-positive; 23 (13%) had had hepatitis C infection; 45 (26%) abused alcohol, and 6 (3%) of patients had diabetes mellitus. Median time to culture conversion was 27 days (IQR, 25-29). In 96.0% of patients, culture conversion was achieved within 2 months of treatment. 9% of patients had serious AE’s (SAE). Out of total 19 SAE’s, 12 resolved, two resolved with sequelae, three were resolving at the time of assessment, one did not resolve, and one was fatal. Median time from treatment start to the first SAE was 92.5 days (IQR, 12.5-143). The most frequent SAE’s were elevated liver function (6 (32%) cases), acute kidney injury (4 (21%) cases), and amylase increased/pancreatitis (3 (16%) cases). Two cases also revealed cancer or progression of cancer; one showed QTcF prolongation; one, anemia, one, thrombotic cerebral infarction, and one, Clostridium difficile infection. Two cases of cancer and thrombotic cerebral infarction (a patient with a long-standing history of multiple strokes) were assessed as unrelated to study drugs. The one death from cancer was assessed as not related to treatment. Permanent withdrawal of one study drug (linezolid or clofazimine) was done only in three instances (15.8%). CONCLUSION The effectiveness of six-month all-oral regimens in this cohort was very high (93.2%). BPaLM/BPaLC regimens were observed to be characterised by a good safety profile. Further data are necessary to evaluate longer-term treatment outcomes. CONFLICTS OF INTEREST None declared

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Звіти організацій з теми "Drug abuse Treatment"

Silverman, Kenneth, and Elias Robles. Employment as a Drug Abuse Treatment Intervention: A Behavioral Economic Analysis. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, February 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w6402.

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Mark, Tami L., William N. Dowd, and Carol L. Council. Tracking the Quality of Addiction Treatment Over Time and Across States: Using the Federal Government’s “Signs” of Higher Quality. RTI Press, July 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2020.rr.0040.2007.

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The objective of this study was to track trends in the signs of higher-quality addiction treatment as defined by the National Institute on Drug Abuse, the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Addiction, and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. We analyzed the National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services from 2007 through 2017 to determine the percent of facilities having the characteristics of higher quality. We analyzed the percent by state and over time. • We found improvements between 2007 and 2017 on most measures, but performance on several measures remained low. • Most programs reported providing evidence-based behavioral therapies. • Half or fewer facilities offered medications for opioid use disorder; mental health assessments; testing for hepatitis C, HIV, and sexually transmitted diseases; self-help groups; employment assistance; and transportation assistance. • There was significant state-level variation across the measures.

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Zerbib, Olivier, Yaniv Hadi, Daniel Kovarsky, Gal Sahaf Levin, Tamar Gottesman, Mor Darkhovsky, and Shaul Lev. Multiple Recurrent Pneumothoraces and Thoracic Drain Insertion in a Mechanically Ventilated Patient Suffering from Methadone Induced Cardiomyopathy. Science Repository, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31487/j.jcmcr.2022.01.02.

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Objective: To describe the experience of a multimodal therapeutic approach in a patient with methadone-induced dilated cardiomyopathy who developed recurrent bilateral tension pneumothorax. Setting: Department of Intensive Care. Patient: A patient with methadone-induced cardiomyopathy and severe left ventricular dysfunction who after mechanical ventilation underwent bilateral tension pneumothorax and prolonged cardiovascular resuscitation (CPR). Interventions: Cardiac Angiography, Multiple counter–shock (defibrillator dose), Multiple Thoracic Drains. Case Report: A 56-year-old man with past IV drug abuse and severe left ventricular dysfunction was transferred from the intensive cardiac care unit (ICCU) to our intensive care unit (ICU) ward due to suspected aspiration pneumonia. Multiple attempts of weaning off mechanical ventilation were unsuccessful, followed by development of septic shock. Following cardiothoracic consultation, two thoracic drains were placed. Due to repeated events of bilateral tension pneumothorax and CPR attempts, a total of seven thoracic drains were placed, permitting rapid control and improvement in the patient status. The possibility of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) was not considered as supportive care due to methadone use and severe secondary cardiomyopathy. In the following days, control and stabilization of the patient status was obtained. Vasopressor treatment withdrawal, cessation of drainage and removal of five thoracic access points were successfully performed prior to percutaneous tracheostomy. The two remaining drains were removed later on during hospitalization. After 29 days in the ICU, the patient was discharged to a step down ward.

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