Готові списки джерел за темами / Drug abuse and crime Australia

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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Drug abuse and crime Australia"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022

Оновлено: 29 січня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Drug abuse and crime Australia"

Marks, Robert. "A Freer Market for Heroin in Australia: Alternatives to Subsidizing Organized Crime." Journal of Drug Issues 20, no. 1 (January 1990): 131–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204269002000109.

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The problems associated with illicit drug use in general, and the illicit use of heroin in particular, have led to stringent attempts by Australian governments to enforce the laws against drug abuse. The strongest reaction of the criminal justice system has been toward heroin, with a total prohibition on heroin importation, manufacture, distribution, possession, and use. Before attempting to evaluate the extent and costs of heroin use today, this paper reviews the evolution of laws and social attitudes toward heroin in Australia. Using an economic framework for analyzing the black market in heroin, the paper examines proposals for enforcing the prohibition by tightening the supply side, and by reducing the demand for heroin. It argues that attempts to restrict the supply have had the effect of increasing the costs borne not only by the users but by society at large, through increases in acquisitive crime and police corruption. On utilitarian grounds it concludes that the costs to society of the prohibition far outweigh the costs of a policy of freer availability, and suggests that a policy of government supply of price-controlled heroin and methadone would be far preferable to today's failed policy of prohibition.

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EASTEAL, PATRICIA. "Women in Australian Prisons: The Cycle of Abuse and Dysfunctional Environments." Prison Journal 81, no. 1 (March 2001): 87–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032885501081001007.

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A significant proportion of Australian female inmates are drug addicts and women who have experienced violence as children and/or as adults. Ironically, the three rules (“Don't talk,” “Don't trust,” and “Don't feel”) that many therefore grew up with are present within the prison institutional culture and structure. The female prison population is relatively small. As a result, many women are placed inappropriately in maximum-security facilities and have limited programs for employment, education, and drug/violence issues. Comparison of results from empirical research conducted in the early 1990s with recent data reveals that although there have been some positive steps implemented, they have not greatly affected the dysfunctional women's prison culture. For the most part these continue to ignore the specific needs of women (and victims of violence). Thus the tragic generational cycle of violence-crime-prison-violence-crime-prison persists.

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Nugraha, Maulana Fuad, and Robert Antonio. "Drug Abuse in the Young Generation: Law Enforcement Challenges (Comparative Study of Indonesia and Australia)." Journal of Creativity Student 7, no. 1 (January 30, 2022): 19–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jcs.v7i1.36177.

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Drug abuse that occurs is mostly carried out by the younger generation starting from their teens, this is due to the fact that teenagers are a period where humans are very vulnerable and easily influenced by various bad influences from their circle, drug abuse is one of the, and as if it has been addressed by them as a trend in this modern era. Drugs can cause addiction effects for users, and on this basis they will try their best to get and use them again. This problem is supported by students’ access to various resources where they have their own pocket money and very broad association. Meanwhile, narcotics abuse itself is one of the crimes that can cause a lot of damage which is regulated in a special law, namely Law Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics. This law was drafted to eradicate narcotics criminals and regulates criminal sanctions that can be given to them and the parties involved in their distribution, this is necessary considering the massive impact that this dangerous substance can have.

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Sara, Grant, Clifford Baxter, Patricia Menendez, and Julia Lappin. "Amphetamine availability predicts amphetamine-related mental health admissions: A time series analysis." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 52, no. 11 (March 19, 2018): 1050–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004867418763538.

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Objective: Amphetamine use and availability have increased in Australia and there are concerns that this has led to more frequent hospital admissions with amphetamine-related psychosis. This study examines whether amphetamine-related admissions to mental health units are more common at times of greater amphetamine availability. Methods: We conducted an ecological study using aggregate crime and health service data for NSW, Australia, from January 2000 to March 2015. Amphetamine-related criminal incidents (arrests or cautions for possession or use) were used as an indirect measure of amphetamine availability. Semiparametric time series analysis was used to compare monthly arrest rates to monthly hospitalisation rates for (1) amphetamine abuse or dependence, (2) amphetamine-related psychosis and (3) any psychosis. Results: Amphetamine-related admissions to NSW mental health units have increased four- to fivefold since 2009 and comprised approximately 10% of all admissions to these units in early 2015. There was a significant association between arrests and amphetamine-related admissions. After adjustment for seasonal variation, this effect demonstrated a time lag of 1–2 months. There was no relationship between amphetamine arrests and overall admissions for psychosis. Conclusion: Greater amphetamine availability significantly predicts admissions for amphetamine use disorders and amphetamine-related psychosis. Better treatment strategies are needed to break the nexus between drug availability and drug-related harm.

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Nuryanto, Carto. "RECONSTRUCTION OF THE CRIMINAL SANCTION POLICY AND ACTION (DOUBLE TRACK SYSTEM) IN LAW ENFORCEMENT FOR NARCOTIC CRIME PREVENTION REFFERED TO RELIGIOUS JUSTICE." Jurnal Pembaharuan Hukum 5, no. 3 (December 11, 2018): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.26532/jph.v5i3.3756.

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Narcotics abuse is a dangerous problem that can impede the progress of the Indonesian nation in implementing development in every sector of life. Where we know that Indonesia in the decade of the '70s had not yet become a lucrative area for drug marketing. At that time, this country is only a transit area for illicit goods to be shipped to Australia or to other Asia Pacific countries. But two decades later, Indonesia has become a lucrative market for the drug dealers. Even touted to be producers of goods that can make sense of hovering it. The problems faced today are related to the drug is that North Sumatra ranked third after Jakarta and East Kalimantan in the rate of drug users. Setting up a rehabilitation center for criminals, especially drug is a solution. They need the healing process of the illicit drug dependence. Jail is not the best solution for this problem, hold but also perform medical therapy before going to work and we call it “double track system”. It's no secret that many drug users in Penitentiary but still drug dependence. This is because they just physically restrained but the disease has not been cured. They need treatment that has not been achieved. It's no secret that many drug users in Penitentiary but still drug dependence. This is because they just physically restrained but the disease has not been cured. They need treatment that has not been achieved. It's no secret that many drug users in Penitentiary but still drug dependence. This is because they just physically restrained but the disease has not been cured. They need treatment that has not been achieved.

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Aliyeva, Zamina. "The Law Aspects in Health Management: A Bibliometric Analysis of Issues on the Injury, Damage and Harm in Criminal Law." Marketing and Management of Innovations, no. 3 (2020): 293–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/mmi.2020.3-21.

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The paper presents the analysis of the approaches to define the areas of research on the injury, damage and harm to human health in criminal law. The obtained results proved that crimes, connected to drugs abuse, their legislation become an essential part of the issues. At the same, developing of government control, medical standards, improving quality of medical education balancing the «medical mistake – injury to human’s health – jurisprudence consequences» triangle in the tendency of the injury, damage and harm in criminal laware becoming very important to the healthcare system due to increasing requirements of regulators, customers and shareholders. The paper aimed to analyse the tendency in the literature on the injury, damage and harm in criminal law, which published in books, journals, conference proceedings etc. to identify future research directions. The methodological tools are VOSviewer, Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) software. This study covers 1072 papers from Scopus and WoS database. The time for analysis were 1970-2020. The Scopus and WoS analyse showed that in 2012-2019 the numbers of papers on the injury, damage and harm in criminal law issues began to increase. However, the topics changed from general issues to the problem of decriminalisation of drug trafficking, and the corresponding paradigm shift in the punishment of some crimes, increasing interest in punishing corporations for violating environmental regulations. In 2017 the number of documents dedicated to injury, damage and harm in criminal law was increased by 667% compared to 2012. The main subject areas of analyses of the injury, damage and harm in criminal law were the next: Law, Public environmental, occupational health, Criminology penology, Substance abuse, Psychiatry, Medicine. The biggest amount of investigations of the injury, damage and harm in criminal law was published by the scientists from the USA, United Kingdom, Australia and Canada. In 2019 such journals with high impact factor as International Journal of Drug Policy, International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, The Lancet etc. published the number of issues, which analysed of the injury, damage and harm to human health in criminal law. Such results proved that theme on the injury, damage and harm to human health in criminal law is actually in the ongoing trends of the modern jurisprudence and regulation. The findings from VOSviewer defined 6 clusters of the papers which analysed the injury, damage and harm to human health in criminal law from the different points of views. The first biggest cluster (with the biggest number of connections) merged the keywords as follows: criminal justice, law enforcement, public health, health care policy, harm reduction, drug legislation, drug and narcotic control, substance abuse, homelessness etc. The second significant cluster integrated the keywords as follows: criminal behaviour, crime victim, adolescent, violence, mental health, mental disease, prisoner, young people, rape, police etc. The third biggest cluster concentrated on criminal aspects of jurisprudence, criminal law, human right, legal liability, social control, government regulation etc. The obtained results allow concluding that balancing the triangles «medical mistakes – criminal – education» and «drugs – criminal – justice» and «abortion – criminal – women/children» form an important part of the injury, damage and harm in criminal law issues. Keywords injury, damage, harm, human health, criminal law, management, governance.

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Dembo, Richard, Linda Williams, James Schmeidler, Eric D. Wish, Alan Getreu, and Estrellita Berry. "Juvenile Crime and Drug Abuse:." Journal of Addictive Diseases 11, no. 2 (April 15, 1992): 5–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j069v11n02_02.

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Benda, Brent B. "Crime, Drug Abuse and Mental Illness." Journal of Social Service Research 13, no. 3 (March 30, 1990): 39–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j079v13n03_03.

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Ritson, Bruce. "Combatting drug abuse and related crime." Social Science & Medicine 21, no. 9 (January 1985): 1055–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0277-9536(85)90428-9.

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Grichting, Wolfgang L., and James G. Barber. "Fighting Drug Abuse in Australia." International Journal of the Addictions 23, no. 5 (January 1988): 491–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10826088809039214.

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Дисертації з теми "Drug abuse and crime Australia"

Foster, Karen L. "Amphetamines and Western Australian detainees: A social profile." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2012. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/487.

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The current study utilised data collected from the Australian Institute of Criminology’s project known as Drug Use Monitoring in Australia (DUMA). The DUMA project examined detainees’ social demographics and past and present drug use, at various Australian sites. The current study examined secondary data as a subset of the DUMA data collected from the East Perth lockup in Western Australia. Three sections of the DUMA data were analysed in this study (i) changes in amphetamine use by detainees (ii) demographic profile of detained amphetamine users and (iii) offences for which they have been detained. Analyses included chi-square tests, Kendall’s tau_b, ANOVA, and descriptive statistics, which were used in order to ascertain if a change between the three main sections had occurred overtime (1999-2006). Results showed detainees’ amphetamine use increased during the ‘heroin drought’. The profile demographic of detainee amphetamine users showed some significant changes overtime; a majority were male, aged between 18 to 34 years, and most likely to be unemployed. The study also showed detainee amphetamine users were most likely to commit offences against property, rather than offences against a person. Recommendations include detainees be offered drug counselling where appropriate and have access to resources assisting with gaining long-term employment.

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Fullam, Michelle. "Drug users’ experiences of a residential rehabilitation program in Western Australia: A thematic analysis of drug users lived experiences." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2020. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2361.

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In the last decade, there has been a marked increase in the awareness of drug use and drug-related crime in Australia. As a result, the demand for drug treatment services has increased and 14 recognised government-funded services are now available in Western Australia (WA). The goal of these services is to reduce drug use through full-time intensive programs that are usually residential. This type of drug treatment has been shown to be effective in reducing drug use and promoting pro-social lives post-treatment. However, little is known of the experiences of participants in this type of treatment in WA. As such, this study examined the lived experiences of individuals engaged in a Christian residential rehabilitation program in WA. Semi-structured interviews were utilised to examine 14 participants’ perceptions of their behaviours, links between drug use and criminal behaviour, motivations for treatment and life after rehabilitation. A thematic analysis of the data revealed that drug users have extensive insight into their lived experiences, including an awareness of normalised behaviours that catalysed their subsequent drug use and criminal behaviours. Themes that emerged from the findings include: the lived experience of dysfunction; embodying dysfunction and escaping dysfunction. Additionally, the participants demonstrated strong support for treatment provided by residential rehabilitation, commenting that that recovery from extensive drug use is a lengthy process involving more than simple abstinence from drugs. This research provides support for residential treatment of drug users who previously committed crime, supporting assertions that drug use must be treated to address criminality.

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Coetzee, Lezanie. "Modelling Drug Abuse and Drug-related Crime: A Systems Approach." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97863.

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Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2015
ENGLISH ABSTRACT : In this study we look at the syndemic of substance abuse and drug-related crime in the Western Cape province of South Africa. The intent of this study is to provoke critical thinking about the possibilities systems thinking and system dynamics posses for social and health challenges in a diverse and complex environment like that of South Africa, especially the Western Cape. This study ventures into cross-discipline work between Epidemiology, Biomathematics and System Dynamics, with the hope of encouraging researchers from different fields to collaborate in order to curb the scourge of substance abuse and drug-related crime in South Africa. Substance abuse and the associated health and social hazards such as drug-related crime is a major problem in the Western Cape. Drug-related crime cases reported by the South African Police Services (SAPS) for the Western Cape exhibited a 311.5% growth in the past decade. This highlights how the reduction of substance abuse and drug-related crime within theWestern Cape province, will be an elixir for the safety and development of the communities. The fight against substance abuse has been driven by a multi-sectorial approach involving several government departments, non-governmental organisations and communities. With systems thinking the assumption is that the world is systemic, which means that phenomena is understood to be an emergent property of the interrelated whole. Firstly, using non-linear ordinary differential equations, we formulate a deterministic mathematical model for the substance abuse and drug-related crime syndemic, evaluate the threshold number and use sensitivity analysis to analyze the model. Secondly, a dynamic system, called the Substance Abuse and Drug-related Crime in theWestern Cape (SADC-WC) system is constructed using the STELLA in order to explore and classify the underlying relationships and structures within the substance abuse and drug-related crime system. Both the sensitivity analysis, and the simulations of the SADC-WC system indicate that an increase of successful convictions will have a significant influence on the syndemic, and promise to reduce drug-related crime cases.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING : In hierdie studie ondersoek on die syndemie (‘syndemic’) van dwelmmisbruik en dwelmverwante misdaad in die Wes-Kaap provinsie, in Suid-Afrika. Die moontlikhede wat sistemiese denke en dinamiese sisteme inhou vir sosiale en gesondheid kwale in ’n diverse en komplekse omgewing soos Suid-Afrika, word ondersoek. Hierdie studie waag interdisiplinêre werk tussen Epidemiologie, Biowiskunde en Dinamiese sisteme, met die hoop om navorsers van verskillende velde aan te moedig om saam te werk om die plaag van dwelmmisbruik en dwelm-verwante misdaad in Suid-Afrika te bekamp. Dwelmmisbruik en die gepaardgaande gesondheid en maatskaplike gevare soos dwelmverwante misdaad is ’n groot probleem in dieWes-Kaap. Die SAPD se vermelde dwelmverwante midaad het ’n groei van 311,5% ondergaan in die afgelope dekade, en is aanduidend vir hoe die beheer en beperking van dwelmmisbruik en dwelm-verwante misdaad in die Wes-Kaap provinsie bevordering van beide die veiligheid en ontwikkeling van die gemeenskap sal verseker. Dit beklemtoon hoe die vermindering van dwelmmisbruik en dwelm-verwante misdaad in dieWes-Kaapland, sal ’n elikser vir die veiligheid en ontwikkeling van die gemeenskappe. Die stryd teen dwelmmisbruik is gedryf deur ’n multi-sektorale benadering waarby verskeie regeringsdepartemente, nie-regerings organisasies en gemeenskappe. Stelsels denke en dinamiese sisteme is gebasseur op die aanname, dat die wÃłreld is sistemiese en dat verskynsels verstaan word ten opsigte van die ontluikende eienskap van die omvattende geheel. Eerstens stel ons ’n kompartementele model op wat deur nie-liniêre gewone differensiële vergelykings beskryf kan word vir die dwelmmisbruik en dwelm-verwante misdaad epidemies. Ons evalueer die drumpel getal en gebruik sensitiwiteitsanalise om die parameters van die model te analiseer. Tweedens, is ’n dinamiese sisteem genaamd die Middelmisbruik en dwelmverwante misdaad in dieWes-Kaap (SADC-WC) stelsel gebou met behulp van die STELLA platform om te verken en klassifiseer die onderliggende verhoudings en strukture binne die dwelmmisbruik en dwelm-verwante misdaad stelsel. Beide die sensitiwiteitsanalise, en die simulasies van die SADC-WC stelsel dui aan dat ’n toename in suksesvolle vonisse ’n beduidende invloed op die epidemies sal hê; en beloof om sake van dwelmverwante misdaad te verminder.

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Riordan, Kathryn. "The connection between drug use and crime in Western Australia." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2017. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1973.

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Despite decades of research, there is no consensus as to the factors that explain the association between drug use and criminal behaviour. While the evolving sophistication in research methodology has identified factors that are associated with involvement in both drug use and crime, exploration of the idiosyncratic factors that contribute to initiation, maintenance and desistence in drug use and criminal behaviour over time, across culture and social context remains unknown. In this research a grounded theory approach was used to develop an explanatory model based on the reported experiences of 22 non-Aboriginal and 11 Aboriginal adult male offenders, incarcerated in Western Australian prisons all of who have a history of involvement in drug use and crime . Using thematic text analysis, two distinct models emerged from the two cultural groups. While both models depicted involvement in both drug use and crime as a lifestyle based within a biopsycho- social framework, each pathway described a combination of person centred and context specific constructs as influential in the aetiology, persistence, desistence and re-engagement of the drugs-crime lifestyle. Specifically, each pathway differed with respect to the identified family, cultural and social factors that delay or influence early entry into the drugs-crime lifestyle, and those which continue to influence over the life course. The models were applied to case studies to compare and contrast the applicability of the pathway model to existing theories within the literature. The research showed that the connection between drug use and criminal behaviour comprises complex personal, cultural and social factors that underpin the drugs-crime lifestyle, rather than a simplistic causal model. Furthermore, existing theoretical models interact to partially account for individual’s experiences at discrete periods during their involvement in the drugcrime lifestyle. The bio-psycho-social model proposed found common underlying psychological vulnerabilities across the two cultural samples that contribute to involvement in the drug-crime lifestyle; however, disparate social, family, cultural and community factors influence the association across the life course. This complexity underscores the necessity for multi-faceted and systemic treatment modalities that involve family and culture, and the need for psycho-social support services that are linked to the treatment provided in custody for prisoners being re-integrated into the community.

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Cumley, Samantha Renee. "Drug use, mental health and encounters with the legal system in Missoula County." CONNECT TO THIS TITLE ONLINE, 2007. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-05112007-130625/.

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McAloon, Thomas John Psychology Faculty of Science UNSW. "Developmental trajectories into substance use in adolescence." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Psychology, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/30391.

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The present study examined cross-sectional and longitudinal developmental characteristics of the association between mental health and substance use. N=1182 adolescents aged between 11 and 20 years were recruited from schools in Australia. Participants completed the Youth Self Report (YSR) (Achenbach, 1991a) and reported on their use of alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana, their social ability, their motivation for using substances, their ability to regulate emotion, and the influences of their parents and peers on their substance use. N=561 of time one participants were retained for testing one year later to assess the potential to predict substance use at time two from mental health at time one. Results indicated a clear and consistent cross-sectional association between externalising scores on the YSR and use of the three substances, regardless of gender. The relation between internalising scores and substance use was non-significant. When the relation between externalising scores and substance use was assessed for mediation, only the influence of parents and peers was found to be significant. A cross-sectional structural model developed to account for this association was demonstrated to be invariant across the three substances of interest, and across gender, but not age category. There was no evidence that social skills, emotion regulation, or substance use motives, had roles in mediating the relationship between mental health and substance use. A model was developed to assess the potential to predict substance use at time two from externalising scores at time one. Results showed that externalising scores predicted increases in alcohol use via parent and peer attitudes. Thus, externalising disposition, in the context of a facilitative social environment, was predictive of an increase in alcohol use over time. Structural models developed to account for the predictive relation between externalising scores and use of cigarettes and marijuana proved unstable and could not be tested. Substance use at time one was not predictive of externalising scores at time two. The results of the present research are discussed in relation to their potential to inform the developmental substance use literature, and efforts directed against the development of substance use problems. Limitations of the present research are noted.

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Hughes, Caitlin Elizabeth. "Overcoming obstacles to reform : making and shaping drug policy in contemporary Portugal and Australia /." Connect to thesis, 2006. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00003215.

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Swarts, Brigitte Stephanie. "The inevitability of us :exploring the risk and protective factors relating to the use and / or rejection of methamphetamine amongst youth in Manenberg." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2009. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_6991_1298285933.

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This study presents a discursive journey with regard to the risk and protective factors confronting individuals who engage in methamphetamine use within the Manenberg area. Given that this journey requires a cautious and sensitive approach to the meaning making of the lived experiences of the six (6) individual users (the informant base)
the study adopted an analysis process that would allow for a guided &ldquo
tour&rdquo
of these experiences. In doing so, the study made use of the grounded theory method that allowed for this guided &ldquo
tour&rdquo
to be fully anchored in the collected data. External to this data, and once the data emerged as engageable themes, the study introduced, relevantly so, Bronfenbrenner&rsquo
s social-ecological model of human development, so to multiply and deepen the meanings embedded within the data. The merging of this external frame, provided by Bronfenbrenner&rsquo
s model, and the rich data provided by the six (6) informants, uncovered critical themes in understanding the risk and protective factors at play within Manenberg. These themes relate to the historical identity of Manenberg, given the history of Apartheid, the role of the local community and its perceived tolerance of the practice of drug use, which is further echoed in the identity of the family and its limited ability to support drug users in the face of ever-growing poverty. The themes also uncovered the bipolarity in the practice of drug trade and gangsterism as serving a subsistence function, at one level, and an exploitative function at another. Furthermore, the study solidified traditional views that the peer collective is, indeed, a critical actor on the stage of drug use and that the individual (as an actor) continues to be confronted by a script of poverty and disillusionment. This script, as will be illustrated, is also active in preconceived notions of gender stratification.

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Le, Vy Kim Thi. "Understanding the operational structure of Southeast Asian drug trafficking groups in Australia." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2013. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/60670/3/60670.pdf.

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This thesis examined the operational structure of Southeast Asian drug trafficking groups operating on the eastern seaboard of Australia by testing the validity and application of organised crime and drug trafficking typologies using data obtained from 159 drug trafficking cases in three Australian states: New South Wales; Queensland; and Victoria. Key findings indicated that the usefulness of typologies is limited when classifying and analysing organised crime groups. In particular, Southeast Asian drug trafficking groups operated largely in small, informal, family-based hierarchies or groups that were better conceptualised using theoretical perspectives from network and cultural studies. The study recommended that replicating previous empirical research in the field is an effective approach that will contribute towards building a cumulative body of knowledge on organised crime structures.

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Xia, Yi Wei. "Estimating size of illicit drug users in Macau." Thesis, University of Macau, 2015. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3335266.

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Книги з теми "Drug abuse and crime Australia"

Loxley, Wendy. Drug use monitoring in Australia: Western Australian 2000 report on drug use among police detainees. Perth, WA: National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University of Technology, 2001.

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Loxley, Wendy. Women, drug use, and crime: Findings from the Drug Use Monitoring in Australia program. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology, 2009.

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Loxley, Wendy. Women, drug use, and crime: Findings from the Drug Use Monitoring in Australia program. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology, 2009.

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Loxley, Wendy. Women, drug use, and crime: Findings from the Drug Use Monitoring in Australia program. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology, 2009.

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Bottom, Bob. Connections II: Crime rackets and networks of influence in Australia. South Melbourne: Sun Books, 1987.

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Makkai, Toni. Drug use monitoring in Australia (DUMA): A brief description. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology, 1999.

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Makkai, Toni. Drug use monitoring in Australia (DUMA): 2000 annual report on drug use among police detainees. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology, 2001.

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Makkai, Toni. Drug use monitoring in Australia (DUMA): 2001 annual report on drug use among police detainees. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology, 2002.

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Fowler, Gregory Peter. Drug harm minimisation education for police in Australia. Canberra: Publications Production Unit, Commonwealth Dept. of Aged Care, 2000.

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John, Malouf, and Thompson Craig, eds. Drug precipice: Illicit drugs, organised crime, fallacies of legalisation, worsening problems, solutions. Sydney, Australia: UNSW Press, 1998.

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Grinols, Earl L. "Problem Gambling, Mental Health, Alcohol and Drug Abuse: Effects on Crime." In Dual Markets, 321–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65361-7_20.

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Sarnecki, Jerzy. "Self-Reported and Recorded Data on Drug Abuse and Delinquency on 287 Men in Stockholm." In Cross-National Research in Self-Reported Crime and Delinquency, 107–29. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1001-0_6.

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Taylor, Emmeline. "Such Is Life." In Armed Robbers, 172–76. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198855132.003.0010.

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Chapter 10, ‘Such Is Life: Affect, Fatalism, and Crime’, is the final chapter of the book. It summarises the life trajectories of the armed robbers who participated in this study. By no means uniform, there were, however, similar themes relating to abuse, neglect, experiencing violence from an early age, homelessness, drug addiction, and feelings of low self-worth. Devoid of sensory stimulation in a land where they felt left behind, many would recklessly engage in the extremes of criminal behaviour. It was clear that their quest to construct identity and meaning from meagre resources prompted the ‘do or die’ mentality deeply entrenched in Australian narratives of white masculinity. Their stories reveal the plurality of criminal subjects and the complex reasons why they engage in violent crime. In drawing together the themes explicated throughout the book, the chapter makes the case for theoretical renewal in the field of criminology.

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Lawton, Brian A., Ralph B. Taylor, and Anthony J. Luongo. "Police Officers on Drug Corners in Philadelphia, Drug Crime, and Violent Crime: Intended, Diffusion, and Displacement Impacts." In Drug Abuse: Prevention and Treatment, 63–87. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315257341-5.

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Kury, Helmut, Joachim Obergfell-Fuchs, and Theodore Ferdinand. "The Background of Illegal Drug Abuse: a German View." In Drugs and Crime Deviant Pathways, 197–218. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315257334-11.

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Cole, Michael, and Mark Baron. "Drugs of Abuse." In Crime Scene to Court: The Essentials of Forensic Science, 401–43. 4th ed. The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/bk9781782624462-00401.

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Legislation around controlled substances and associated offences is introduced in this chapter. The drug classes that are commonly encountered in forensic science laboratories are described. Methods for the analysis, quantification and comparison are highlighted, and the requirement for new methods to be found as drug control legislation develops are articulated. Drug profiling and comparison is considered, and the numerical methods available for the interrogation of data so generated are touched upon briefly. The use of DNA to identify and compare drugs derived from plants and fungi is also explored. Finally, the need for quality assurance in the laboratory is emphasised.

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Gottfredson, Denise C., Brook W. Kearley, and Shawn D. Bushway. "Substance Use, Drug Treatment, and Crime: An Examination of Intra-Individual Variation in a Drug Court Population." In Drug Abuse: Prevention and Treatment, 359–88. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315257341-24.

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HORWITZ, BETTY. "The Role of the Inter-American Drug Abuse Control Commission:." In Drug Trafficking, Organized Crime, and Violence in the Americas Today, 369–94. University Press of Florida, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvx06wbh.25.

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Steinmetz, Kevin F., and Don L. Kurtz. "Masculinity and It’s Always Sunny in Philadelphia." In Crime TV, 225–43. NYU Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479804368.003.0016.

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It’s Always Sunny in Philadelphia (Always Sunny) chronicles the antics and schemes of the “gang” who run a dive bar in South Philadelphia. The show is considered an “anti-sitcom” as the characters seldom learn lessons or mature. Always Sunny often indulges in irreverent social commentary across a range of issues including underage drinking, racism, welfare, and drug abuse, to name a few. The chapter uses the show to explore masculinity and gender relations through the lens of feminist criminology. Members of “the gang” are examined as case studies in problematic forms of masculinity, including the masculinity of unrequited love, the masculinity of bodily excess, badass masculinity, Casanova masculinity, and “just one of the guys” masculinity.

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Kamali, Mohammad Hashim. "Issues over Wine Drinking (Shurb)." In Crime and Punishment in Islamic Law, 157–65. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190910648.003.0010.

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An issue is raised at the outset whether shurb is a ḥudūd crime or a taʿzīr offence. Another issue concerns the quantum of punishment and also the constituent elements of this offence, such as the actual extent of intoxication and whether intention is also a requirement. The chapter also discusses the position of other intoxicants, including narcotics and drug abuse.

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Dave, Dhaval, Monica Deza, and Brady Horn. Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs, Opioid Abuse, and Crime. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w24975.

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Norsworthy, Sarah, Rebecca Shute, Crystal M. Daye, and Paige Presler-Jur. National Institute of Justice’s Forensic Technology Center of Excellence 2019 National Opioid and Emerging Drug Threats Policy and Practice Forum. Edited by Jeri D. Ropero-Miller and Hope Smiley-McDonald. RTI Press, July 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2020.cp.0011.2007.

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The National Institute of Justice (NIJ) and its Forensic Technology Center of Excellence (FTCoE) hosted the National Opioid and Emerging Drug Threats Policy and Practice Forum on July 18–19, 2019, in Washington, DC. The forum explored ways in which government agencies and programs, law enforcement officials, forensic laboratory personnel, medical examiners and coroners, researchers, and other experts can cooperate to respond to problems associated with drug abuse and misuse. Panelists from these stakeholder groups discussed ways to address concerns such as rapidly expanding crime laboratory caseloads; workforce shortages and resiliency programs; analytical challenges associated with fentanyl analogs and drug mixtures; laboratory quality control; surveillance systems to inform response; and policy related to stakeholder, research, and resource constraints. The NIJ Policy and Practice Forum built off the momentum of previous stakeholder meetings convened by NIJ and other agencies to discuss the consequences of this national epidemic, including the impact it has had on public safety, public health, and the criminal justice response. The forum discussed topics at a policy level and addressed best practices used across the forensic community.

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The impact of monetary crisis and natural disasters on women's health and nutrition. Population Council, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy1998.1003.

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This paper analyzes the short-term effects of the monetary crisis and natural disasters in Indonesia on women's health and nutritional status, and activities to monitor and address these problems. The monetary crisis which was announced in January 1998 hit the highest monthly inflation rate of 13 percent in February. Natural disasters that have plagued Indonesia since early 1997, including droughts and forest fires, have been projected to cause famines and an increased likelihood of infant and adult mortality. The economic crisis also directly impacts millions of workforce members threatened by the downsizing of thousands of businesses and factories, in the form of job termination. About 38 percent of the workforce are women. In general, it can be predicted that the high rate of unemployment means a return to poverty, emergence of pockets of slum settlements in cities, an increase in the crime rate, less affordable food in urban areas, famine and scarcity in rural areas, worsening environmental health, epidemics of infectious and noninfectious diseases, cutbacks in public health-care budget and facilities, more school dropout, teenagers entering prostitution, domestic violence, drug abuse, mental illness, and suicide attempts.

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