Готові списки джерел за темами / Drilling and blasting

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Drilling and blasting"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022
Оновлено: 20 лютого 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Drilling and blasting"

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Brahimaj, Frashër, Izet Zeqiri, Risto Dambov, and Shkurte Brahimaj. "IMPACT OF DRILLING ANGLE ON BLASTING COSTS IN SURFACE WORKS." Rudarsko-geološko-naftni zbornik 37, no. 4 (2022): 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17794/rgn.2022.4.6.

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Анотація:
The removal of rock masses or their use with surface exploitation requires that this work be done at the lowest possible cost. The reduction of operating costs is done by analyzing each work action, working method, and the possibility of changing them, to have an impact on reducing costs. The drilling angle is one of the most important factors during surface exploitation by blasting. By changing the drilling angle, we achieve a reduction of the total drilling length, to have a reduction of the amount of explosives and other changes during the blasting process which do not greatly affect the cost of blasting. Determining the impact of drilling angle on the cost of blasting is determined by analytical methods and by comparing the results of applied drilling angle methods. During the analytical analysis of the blasting data and the comparison of their results, which was performed to determine the change in the cost of blasting depending on the drilling angle, and it concluded that for the removal of 200000 (m3) rock material, 356167.98 (€) can be saved, by applying the 90° angle drilling method. This change of drilling angle from the projected angle of 63° to the angle of drilling 90°, reduces the total cost of blastings by about 10.69 (%).
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Tampubolon, Amri, E. P. S. B. Taman Tono, and Anisa Indriawati. "KajianEkonomis Perencanaan Pengeboran Dan Peledakan Antara Kemitraan Dengan PT Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk Pada Wilayah Pit II Banko Barat Di Tanjung Enim Sumatera Selatan." MINERAL 3, no. 1 (January 30, 2020): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/mineral.v3i1.1570.

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Анотація:
In 2017 PTBA plans to open pit mining in Banko Barat Pit II uses a system of drilling and blasting. Drilling and blasting activities aimed memberai hard material to support the process of making material by excavator-unloading With limited human resources drilling and blasting is currently assisted by partners. To get the maximum benefit with minimum cost necessary to study the cost of drilling and blasting between using the cost of services partners or self-management tool by PTBA.Planning of drilling and blasting costs PTBA version used by the method of self-management tools while the costs of drilling and blasting use the services of the partnership using the mail service offering. Geometri blasting used method R.L Ash so that would be obtained comparative cost planning and drilling and blasting between PTBA and partner services.The cost of drilling obtained using a self-management tool values ​​obtained Rp 13.021.982.688/tahun, while using the services of the partnership obtained the value of Rp 26.472019.517/year. The cost of blasting using a self-management tool values ​​obtained Rp 44.767.919.566/year, while using the services of the partnership obtained the value of Rp 51.750.738.054/year. The total cost of drilling and blasting self-managed appliance obtained the value of Rp 57.789.902.254/year more economical compared with services partnership with a value of Rp 78.222.757.571/year, these results show the difference in cost of Rp 20.432.855.317/year.
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Eshun, P. A., B. O. Affum, and A. Boakye. "Drill and Blast Performance Evaluation at the Obra Pit of Chirano Gold Mines Ltd, Ghana." Ghana Mining Journal 16, no. 2 (December 20, 2016): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gm.v16i2.4.

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Анотація:
This paper investigates the causes of inefficient fragmentation and formation of toes in the Obra pit of Chirano Gold Mines Ltd and recommends best practices in order to produce optimum fragmentation to feed the crusher at a reduced cost and to provide good working pit floors. The methods employed included: drilling performance analysis using statistical methods; fragmentation analysis of blasting performance using Kuz-Ram Model and Wipfrag software; determination of the velocity of detonation of the bulk explosive using MREL Micro Trap VOD/Data Recorder; and estimation of the cost of secondary drilling and blasting using Mine Management Reporting Software. From the analyses, it was observed that the blast designed parameters and blasting practices were acceptable to produce good fragmentation but the actual drilling parameters deviated from the designed parameters by about 25%, 24% and 26% in hole depth, burden and spacing respectively. It was concluded that the cause of the ineffective fragmentation leading to high cost of secondary breakage and uneven pit floors was due to operational errors during drilling. It is therefore recommended that in order to reduce excessive deviations in the drilling parameters, periodic training of operators must be conducted, supervision of drilling and blasting operations must be enhanced, and inclinometers should be used during drilling activities to ensure the accuracy and precision of all blast holes. Keywords: Drilling, Blasting, Fragmentation, Kuz-Ram Model, Wipfrag Software
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KANE, W. F. "Drilling and Blasting of Rocks." Environmental & Engineering Geoscience III, no. 1 (March 1, 1997): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gseegeosci.iii.1.154.

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Tori, Matija, Stanojle Vajović, Niko Goleš, Elvir Muhić, and Miha Peternel. "Use of a Combination of Vertical and Horizontal Boreholes in Massive Blasting of Benches in the Surface Quarry Rodež." Materials and Geoenvironment 64, no. 4 (December 1, 2017): 189–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rmzmag-2017-0017.

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Анотація:
AbstractThis article deals with the extraction of minerals (limestone/marl/flysch) in the quarry Rodež, which is located in western Slovenia. During the extraction of minerals in a quarry, drilling and blasting of benches are used. The focus of the article is on the analysis of the parameters related to drilling and blasting in surface excavations when using a combination of explosions and introducing horizontal wells along with vertical holes in the bench. On the basis of the analysis of basic parameters through a combination of drilling horizontal wells and charging those with the ammonal + Anfex explosive, analyses of effects of seismic disturbances on potentially affected buildings have also been conducted. The article is connected to and deals exclusively with the basic parameters of drilling and blasting, with the introduction of horizontal drilling and with the analysis of seismic measurements of threatened buildings in accordance with the German standard German Institute for Standardisation (DIN) 4150 during the use of a new method of blasting.
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Li, Lin Na, and Dong Wang Zhong. "Study on the Optimizing Parameters of Underwater Drilling Blasting." Applied Mechanics and Materials 193-194 (August 2012): 614–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.193-194.614.

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Анотація:
Optimizing design of parameters is essential for the underwater blasting. The key point of optimizing model is to reflect the relation of blasting parameters, rock fragmentation and operation cost. In this paper, the blasting optimization mathematical model is established, and the optimization of the blasting parameters is obtained using the complex method with computer. Calculation results show that the blasting parameters designed by the optimizing model make the engineering cost lowest.
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Hao, Feng Shan, Gui Zhong Tian, and Tu Long Wang. "The Process Hypothesis and Feasibility Study on Drilling-Blasting Machine Method in Tunnel Excavation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 256-259 (December 2012): 1316–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.256-259.1316.

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Анотація:
This paper was based on many pre-existing or being successful tunnel projects for study. Through in-depth investigation and analysis of the action mechanism on rock and the construction control under complex geological conditions, the author synthesized the technical advantages of the drilling-blasting method and tunnel boring machine technology into integration as a new drilling-blasting machine method applied in tunnel (lane) excavation. If this method intended by conventional process, it’s difficult to realize mechanized continuous excavating. In this problem, the author put forward two new technologies named helicoid tunnel face and shallow blasthole close blasting to improve. Respectively from the theory, economic, technology and safety, the paper demonstrates the feasibility of drilling-blasting machine method.
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Ortega Ramos, Camilo Andres, Andres Felipe Jaramillo Gil, and Jorge Martin Molina Escobar. "Drilling grid blasting upgrading based on Geological Strength Index (GSI), case “La Maruja” mine, Colombia." Boletín de Ciencias de la Tierra, no. 40 (July 1, 2016): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/rbct.n40.52199.

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Анотація:
Having proper rock masses characterization is of great importance in underground mining works to make the right decisions in terms of sustenance and other tasks like is the case of drilling and blasting. Here it is proposed the built of a geomechanical table based in the GSI through which to decide the drilling grid configuration applies for each rock type. This improves production cycles and explosives consumption in blasting. This table is created from experimental trials in blasting of panels with different drilling grid geometries, the ranging from 60x60cm up 80x80 cm; and the main parameter to ensure is a maximum particle size of 30 cm after the blasting with 24.6% costs reduction.
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Xin, Chun Lei, and Bo Gao. "Dynamic Analysis of Tunnel Blasting Excavation Effect on Overpass." Advanced Materials Research 971-973 (June 2014): 992–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.971-973.992.

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Анотація:
Although drilling and blasting method is widely used to excavate tunnel structures, it has great effect on adjacent ground structures. In order to find out the influence sphere and features of this construction method on overpass, three-dimensional numerical simulation method was used to analyze the displacement, stress and blasting vibration velocity of overpass. The results show that: (1) Drilling and blasting excavation method can cause differential settlement of stratum and overpass which is above the crown of tunnel. (2) The strong constraint structures of overpass are obviously affected by blasting vibration than other parts. (3) It should be taken extra protection measures at connection points between piers and decks as well as connection points between piers and stratum. (4) Horizontal vibration velocity caused by blasting excavation is lower than vertical vibration velocity. To control the vertical blasting vibration velocity is the essential to control the security of tunnel structure and upper structures. The above results certainly contribute to construct tunnel structures by using drilling and blasting excavation under complicated conditions.
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Huang, Banma, Haibo Chen, Chenglong Duan, and Wenhu Li. "Stability Analysis and Construction Parameter Optimization of Tunnels in the Fractured Zone of Faults." International Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2022 (August 31, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2211499.

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Анотація:
In order to improve the construction method of highway tunnel fault, improve the excavation level, improve the construction efficiency, reduce the project cost, and shorten the construction period, so as to find a specific road, this paper puts forward the research method of tunnel stability analysis and construction parameter optimization in the fault fracture zone. First, this paper analyzes the specific geographical and geological environment of the construction site. Second, this paper compares and analyzes the effects of the drilling and blasting method and full-face tunnel boring machine (TBM) in construction and further analyzes the surrounding rock deformation, over excavation, and under excavation, as well as the range of loose circles when the surrounding rock is stable. Then, this paper discusses the minimum smooth blasting parameters under these conditions. Finally, the actual blasting effect of tunnel construction is tested and the optimization algorithm model of tunnel fault drilling and blasting parameters is established. The results show that the proposed optimization model of drilling and blasting construction parameters for highway tunnel faults based on the Support Vector Regression (SVR) algorithm combined with a genetic algorithm (GA) has a short calculation time and high parameter optimization accuracy. It is very feasible to optimize the construction parameters of the fault drilling and blasting method, which can greatly improve the construction efficiency, carry out the detailed simulation, reduce the cost, and increase safety. In summary, it has a certain reference significance for the optimization of highway tunnel construction and future research by drilling and blasting method under complex geological conditions in my country.
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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Drilling and blasting"

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Camallanqui-Alborque, C., G. Quispe, and C. Raymundo-Ibañeez. "Controlled Trim-Blasting Model to Improve Stability and Reduce Vibrations at a Production Gallery of the San Ignacio de Morococha S.A.A. Mining Company." IOP Publishing Ltd, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/656296.

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Анотація:
This paper presents a blasting method called controlled trim blasting, in which the rock mass of an unstable gallery where high levels of vibration have been detected is analyzed. This methodology comprises a drilling mesh with two-contour gallery assessment, producing its drilling machines and determining the type of explosive used and burden and spacing, which will be detonated after the internal blasting. Further, the internal blasting will possess its drilling machines, burden, spacing, and a second type of explosive. The separation of the gallery into smaller parts will improve the blasting, as verified in the recorded simulation. In addition, the rock-mass stability improves because the explosives used in the perimeter of the gallery are low-power with mild detonation pressure, which does not generate high levels of vibration. This is a practical and efficient method in areas where the rock mass is not good or there is a mixture of rock types.
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Caballero, Erick, Rosa Calixto, Luis Arauzo, and Carlos Raymundo. "Model for Optimization of Drilling, Blasting and Fragmentation Processes in medium mining." International Institute of Informatics and Systemics, IIIS, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/656286.

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Анотація:
El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado.
This study aims to propose a new alternative to optimize drilling and blasting processes from the mathematical and geological viewpoint using simulation software. The main objective is to design a systematic model of steps that can generate a simulation through JkSimBlast. This simulation must represent the best alternative for the design of drilling mesh and explosive selection to be implemented in the field. To achieve this goal, a seven-step process diagram was proposed, including geology, design aspects (burden and spacing across the areas of influence algorithm), analysis of physical parameters such as detonation rate, drill-mesh design, explosives selection and fragmentation analysis, simulation tests that could represent the field designs, and selection of the most optimal simulation. For the collection of parameters in the field, we have used MicroTrap Software and WipFrag, which have allowed the design of a mesh according to the needs of the rocky massif. The most optimal simulation was implemented at Caravelí Mining Company-Estrella Unit and had a positive impact on the optimization of drilling and blasting, as the costs of these processes were reduced by 14.6%. Specifically, the costs of explosives were reduced by 2.6% and the costs of drilling steels by 10.4%. The performance of the loading machine advance/shot increased by 13.2% and 15.6%, respectively. Copyright 2019.
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Manzoor, Sohail. "Rock Evaluation Using Digital Images and Drill Monitoring Data : Before and after rock blasting." Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Geoteknologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-80806.

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Анотація:
This research is carried out to better understand the nature of the rock mass and to have a better anticipation of rock fragmentation before blasting the rock mass. Current practices of assessing rock mass usually involve techniques that focus on the surface or outcrop of the rock mass such as scanline surveys, window surveys, photogrammetry and laser scanning etc. These techniques generally lack the ability of providing sufficient information about the rock mass as well as bear various inherent constraints such as safety issues, time requirements, user biasness, equipment requirements and reproducibility of results. Similarly, the rock fragmentation is predicted using different mathematical equations known as fragmentation models. However, these models ignore some key factors that significantly affect the nature of fragmentation such as chargeability of blastholes, drilling information e.g. borehole deviation and require numerous rock parameters which are not well known in most cases. These models are often site-specific and are mostly developed for surface mines. Therefore, their application in underground mining is not so common. The aim of this research is to investigate the possibility of eliminating the constraints and supporting the current practices of rock mass assessment and rock fragmentation prediction. In this regard, drill monitoring technique has been selected as a potential tool for analysing the rock mass and forecast the rock fragmentation. To test the selected technique, measurement while drilling (MWD) data was collected from three different mines. The variations in MWD data were analysed to identify different zones and structures present inside the rock mass. The results were compared to 3D images obtained by close-range terrestrial digital photogrammetry for validation, which showed a close agreement with each other. Similarly, MWD data was used to classify the rock mass into five different classes i.e. solid, slightly fractured, highly fractured, having cavities, and major cavities in a sublevel caving operation. The loading operation of the blasted rock was filmed and digital images of LHD buckets containing blasted rock were extracted from the video recordings. The blasted rock inside the buckets were categorized as fine, medium, coarse and oversize fragmentation based on their median fragment size (X50). A statistical analysis was carried out to see the correlation between MWD based rock mass classes and fragmentation classes. The results showed that fine and medium size fragmentation has better correlation and can be predicted with higher accuracy using MWD data as compared to coarse and oversize fragmentation. The results suggest that the drill monitoring technique has the potential to assess rock mass as well as predict rock fragmentation to some extent. It can be used to differentiate between a weak or strong rock mass or between a fractured or competent rock mass. It can be used to differentiate between joints, cavities or foliations etc. It can also be used to predict finer and medium size fractions of the blasted rock with reasonable accuracy. However, the coarser and oversize fragmentation didn’t have a reliable correlation with MWD data. The potential of using drill monitoring technique for rock mass assessment and rock fragment prediction can be further explored and validated using other established rock mass and fragmentation assessment techniques. It can largely overcome the time, cost and safety constraints associated with the methods already in practice.
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Park, Junhyeok, and Junhyeok Park. "Estimation of Rock Comminution Characteristics by Using Drill Penetration Rates." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621838.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
The characterization of rock properties is a vital task in the challenge for hard rock mining operation. A simplified and straightforward characterization of rock properties provides information about the safety of ground structure (e.g. slope, tunnel, etc.), and the strategy to improve productivity in terms of rock breakage process. The penetration-rate of drilling has been proposed to quantify the comminution characteristics of rock by virtue of real-time logging of drilling performance otherwise the data is obtained from a time- and cost-consuming laboratory test; this is called measurement while drilling. In the mining industry, this technique can be a useful tool that has allowed for the meticulous and routine data collection of geological information from blasthole drilling operations. In this study, the mechanical performance of drill and its interaction with the rock properties is investigated in laboratory scale. The rock properties include tensile strength, hardness, and grindability, which is considered as the influential parameters of the required energy consumption for the comminution processes. For sandstone samples, the penetration-rate data shows a good correlation with tensile strength, hardness, and Bond work index; this implies that penetration-rate data can be a good indicator to estimate comminution characteristics. Additionally we carried out the same test with limestone samples. Second, field study is conducted to investigate the interaction between current blast design and rock fragmentation. Fabricating the blast design and fragmentation through the blast operation might enable to construct proper strategy to reduce the energy cost of downstream processes including crushing and grinding by using the rock characteristics measured from the blasthole drilling. The concept of this process is a part of Mine-to-Mill optimization. The thesis proposed the blueprint of Mine-to-Mill optimization, providing a guideline for further in-situ research.
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Guazzelli, Sarah Ribeiro. "Análise de custos de perfuração e desmonte em mina de ferro." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/86448.

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Анотація:
O controle gerencial de custos é uma ferramenta que quando direcionada pode gerar grandes impactos na economia do processo. O monitoramento e a constante observação dos custos associados às principais operações em grandes mineradoras é uma ferramenta de importante aplicação na elaboração das estimativas e no planejamento do orçamento da mina. Dentre as principais operações do ciclo produtivo, a perfuração & desmonte é a atividade responsável pela fragmentação do minério e a adequação granulométrica para os processos seguintes. Essa operação é de grande impacto no orçamento da mina, podendo ser analisada diretamente ou ter seu custo estimado com aplicação de algoritmos. Por ser a responsável direta da qualidade da fragmentação da rocha, ela influencia em toda a cadeia produtiva e na produtividade do processo de lavra em si. O seu planejamento envolve decisões tomadas com base no conhecimento da geologia estrutural e nas características do maciço rochoso que compõe o depósito mineral, bem como no projeto e adequação dos parâmetros que compõem os planos de fogo. A seleção dos objetivos a serem atingidos nesta etapa é o início de uma série de escolhas que devem ser feitas com o intuito de atingir os objetivos iniciais com o menor custo possível. O presente trabalho apresenta os principais aspectos a serem considerados numa análise de custos na operação de perfuração e desmonte, analisando e discutindo as principais variáveis que compõe este custo, elaborando um algoritmo capaz de vincular os principais parâmetros vistos para obtenção do resultado final. Para aplicação da metodologia desenvolvida é apresentando um estudo de caso de uma mina de ferro, onde se buscou determinar o custo por volume de rocha fragmentada associada à atividade, correlacionando os principais parâmetros que envolvem o processo de seleção do plano de fogo, bem como realizando uma análise de sensibilidade em função das principais variáveis de custo. O algoritmo para estimativa de custos de perfuração e desmonte, desenvolvido para plataforma Excel, tornou evidente a importância e a influência da taxa de perfuração no custo final de produção do minério fragmentado, onde se concluiu que quanto maior a taxa de perfuração, menor é o custo associado à mesma, bem como evidenciou que as seleções referentes ao plano de fogo causam impactos significativos na economia do processo, principalmente no que concerne a escolha do diâmetro dos furos e o tipo de explosivo aplicado.
Cost management control is a tool which can produce a big impact in the economy of the process. The monitoring and constant observation of the costs linked to major operations in large mining is an important tool to estimate and plan the mine budget. Among the main operations of the production cycle, drilling & blasting activity is responsible for the ore fragmentation and suitability of the particle size in the downstream processes. This operation has large impact in mine budget; it can be analyzed directly or can be estimated applying cost algorithm. For being directly responsible for the fragmented rock quality, it influences the entire production chain and the mining productivity itself. The drilling and blasting planning involves decisions based on knowledge of the structural geology and characteristics of the rock mass that compose the mineral deposit, as well as in design and adjustment of the parameters that comprise the blasting round. The selection of the objectives to be achieved in this stage is the beginning of a series of choices that should be made in order to seek the initial objectives at the lowest cost possible. This work presents the main features to be considered in a cost analysis of drilling and blasting operation, analyzing and discussing the main variables that compose this cost and developing an algorithm able to link the principal parameters studied to obtain the final result. In order to apply the developed methodology and aiming to determine the cost per volume of fragmented rock associated to the drilling and blasting activity, a case study is illustrate in an iron mine, correlating the main features involved in the blasting design process, as well as performing an sensitivity analysis as a function of the principal cost parameters. The drilling and blasting cost algorithm developed for Excel platform made evident the importance and the influence of the drilling rate in the final cost of fragmented ore, which permit to concluded that the larger the drilling rate is, the lower the cost associated with it, as well as showed that the selections made in the blasting round cause significant impacts on the process economy, especially regarding the hole diameter and the type of explosive selection.
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Bundrich, Lauro Augusto. "Optimização das operações de desmonte de rocha com uso de explosivos em câmaras transversais (sublevel stoping)." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/171354.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
O desmonte de rocha com uso de explosivos, aplicado à extração subterrânea de recursos minerais é uma tarefa impar que exige perícia e planejamento detalhado. Nesse contexto, essa dissertação tem sua relevância devido à apresentação de metodologias que visam aprimorar os processos envolvidos com o desmonte de rocha com uso de perfurações radiais, aplicado ao método de mineração subterrânea câmaras transversais, variante do método sublevel stoping. Para cumprir esse objetivo foram estabelecidas metodologias embasadas na utilização de registros sismográficos dos desmontes, mapeamento por laser das câmaras de lavra, registros operacionais da mina estudada. As metodologias aplicadas nas operações de mina incluíram: a segregação entre as atividades de perfuração e desmonte de rocha para assim aprimorar o ciclo operacional, a implantação de desmontes massivos como forma de aumentar a taxa de produção. A mudança na geometria das câmaras, a fim preservar o teto das mesmas. Um experimento com diferentes arranjos de retardo nos desmontes, como forma de determinar a configuração temporal menos nociva em termos de vibração, e por fim, a aplicação de uma nova malha de perfuração baseada no método dos triângulos reorientados de Hagan (1988), que visava diminuir a necessidade de perfuração e melhorar a distribuição energética dos desmontes em leque. As modificações propostas geraram resultados positivos, respectivamente quanto: aumento da eficiência dos ciclos de perfuração em 49% e aumento de 54% na produtividade das câmaras no período estudado, devido a implementação de desmontes massivos somados a segregação das atividades de perfuração e desmonte. Observou se a diminuição significativa da sobre-quebra (back break) do teto, da mesma forma os danos aos cabos de ancoragem (cable-bolts) foram reduzidos, resultados estes oriundos das modificações na geometria das câmaras. Os testes com diferentes arranjos de retardos demonstraram que o arranjo: 50ms entre furos e 200ms entre linhas, gerou a menor intensidade de vibração. O teste com o padrão de perfuração baseado na técnica de Hagan apresentou melhor índice de perfuração específica, porém, resultou em uma recuperação menor do que a média usual das câmaras, (76% contra 85%). Pode-se concluir que as metodologias propostas foram validas como medidas de aprimoramento das operações de perfuração e desmonte de rocha, a exceção da técnica dos triângulos reorientados de Hagan. Também foi possível concluir que a razão entre os valores de retardos intra linhas (L-L) e intra furos (F-F) influi diretamente na intensidade de vibração.
The blasting of rocks, applied to the underground extraction of mineral resources is a difficult task that requires expertise and detailed planning. In this context, this dissertation has its relevance due to the presentation of methodologies that aim to improve the processes involved with the blasting of rocks utilizing ring drilling, applied to the underground mining method transversal stopes, a variant of the method sublevel stoping. To fulfill this objective, methodologies based on the use of seismographic records of the blasting events, laser scanners of the stopes and operational records of the mine were used, as well as the use of Micromine software. The methodologies applied in mine operations included: segregation between rock drilling and blasting activities to improve the operational cycle, the implantation of the concept of mass blasting as a way to increase the production rate, the change in the drilling pattern in order to preserve the roof of the stopes, an experiment with different arrangements of delays for the blasting, as a way to determine the less harmful configuration in terms of vibration and finally the application of a new drilling pattern based on the reoriented triangles method of Hagan (1988), which aimed to reduce the need for drilling and to improve the energy distribution of the rings of drilling. The proposed modifications generated positive results, respectively: increase in the efficiency of the drilling cycles by 49% and a 54% increase in the productivity of the studied period, due to the implementation of mass blasting concept added to the segregation of drilling and blasting activities. It was observed that the significant decrease of the back break of the roof, in the same way the damages to the cables of reinforcement (cable-bolts) were reduced, as a result from the modifications in the drillings. The tests with different delay arrangements showed that the arrangement: 50ms between holes and 200ms between rows, generated the lowest vibration intensity. The Hagan technique-based drilling test showed a better specific drilling index, but resulted in a lower ore recovery than the usual to the stopes mean (76% vs. 85%). It can be concluded that the proposed methodologies were valid as measures of improvement of the operations of drilling and blasting of rock, except for the technique of the reoriented triangles of Hagan. It was also possible to conclude that the ratio between inter ring and inter-hole delays directly influences the vibration intensity.
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7

Pomasoncco, Najarro Alexander Gabriel. "Aplicación de la voladura de pre-corte en las labores de desarrollo de la mina MARSA para la reducir la sobrerotura en el macizo rocoso." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/655528.

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Анотація:
En la presente tesis se estudia la aplicación de la técnica de voladura de pre-corte en las galerías de desarrollo de la mina subterránea MARSA para reducir la sobrerotura en el macizo rocoso, para tal efecto se considerarán los aportes que brindan las disciplinas de geomecánica, geología, perforación y voladura. La investigación se llevó a cabo en la cordillera oriental de los Andes, al norte de Perú en la provincia de Pataz, donde se encuentra el Batolito de Pataz, yacimiento de tipo orogénico asociado a procesos de metamorfismo y caracterizado por vetas auríferas; específicamente en el área de influencia de las actividades de la Unidad Minera San Andrés. Con la voladura de pre-corte se obtendrá una mejor estabilidad en las labores de desarrollo dando como consecuencia la reducción de la sobrerotura en el macizo rocoso. Se realizaron estudios geomecánicos para designar el tipo de roca de la zona y de esta manera poder realizar una malla de perforación adecuada, así como la selección de los explosivos adecuados para asegurar no afectar el macizo rocoso. Del mismo modo, se realizó la comparación de los costos involucrados en el diseño de la voladura convencional en contraste con la voladura de pre-corte. De manera teórica y cuantitativa, se demuestra que mediante la aplicación de la voladura de pre-corte es posible reducir la sobrerotura en el macizo rocoso y mejorar la estabilidad física de las labores de desarrollo.
The present thesis studies the application of the pre-cut blasting technique in the development galleries of the MARSA subway mine to reduce the overburden in the rock mass, for this purpose the contributions provided by the disciplines of geomechanics, geology, drilling and blasting will be considered. The research was carried out in the eastern cordillera of the Andes, north of Peru in the province of Pataz, where the Batolito de Pataz is located, an orogenic type deposit associated with metamorphism processes and characterized by gold veins, specifically in the area of influence of the activities of the San Andres Mining Unit. With the pre-cutting blasting, a better stability in the development works will be obtained, giving as a consequence the reduction of the overburden in the rocky mass. Geomechanical studies were carried out to designate the type of rock in the area in order to be able to carry out an adequate drilling mesh, as well as the selection of the appropriate explosives to ensure that the rock mass is not affected. Likewise, the costs involved in the design of conventional blasting in contrast to pre-cutting blasting were compared. In a theoretical and quantitative way, it is demonstrated that through the application of pre-cutting blasting it is possible to reduce the overburden in the rock mass and to improve the physical stability of the development works.
Tesis
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8

Ghosh, Rajib. "Assessment of rock mass quality and its effects on charge ability using drill monitoring technique." Doctoral thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Geoteknologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-65584.

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9

Фролов, Олександр Олександрович. "Керування енергетичними потоками при вибуховому руйнуванні різноміцнісних масивів гірських порід на кар’єрах". Doctoral thesis, Київ, 2013. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/7327.

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10

Han, H. "FDEM simulation of tunnelling‑induced rock failure, fracture and collapse and their control in deep underground." Thesis, 2021. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/45886/.

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Анотація:
In recent decades, more and more underground tunnels have been designed and constructed in worldwide to meet the multiple needs of modern society, such as for transportation, mining, and oil exploitation. For tunnelling in deep underground, the evaluation and prediction of the developments of rock failure, fracture and collapse around the tunnel are of significant importance in ensuring the quality of the tunnels constructed and in preventing potential accidents. However, in some complex practical cases the rock fracture and fragmentation mechanisms under the influences of multiple effective factors on the sites have not been well understood yet, which are worthwhile for further study. Recently, to numerically study the progressive rock fracture process from continuum to discontinuum behaviour, combined finite-discrete element method (FDEM) has been increasingly developed and applied in simulating and analyzing underground engineering problems. In this work, an in-house FDEM computer program parallelized using general-purpose graphic process unit (GPGPU) is further developed with some new features implemented in order to achieve realistic simulations of the whole rock failure, fracture and collapse progressive processes induced by tunnelling in deep underground and their control. Using the GPGPU-parallelized FDEM code, a series of studies based on practical tunnelling cases are conducted to reveal the underlying rock failure, fracture and collapse mechanisms in these cases. In each study, the rock fracture initiation and propagation, as well as the rock block and fragment expulsion, ejection and flyout that could be difficult to capture on the site or via other research methods are vividly reproduced in the FDEM numerical modellings, followed by the investigations of the influences of various factors on rock fracture patterns and damage evolutions. Through these studies, firstly the occurrences and developments of rock fractures and rockbursts around a deep tunnel excavated by tunnel boring machine (TBM) under high in-situ stresses are investigated. It is found that some crucial geological and geotechnical characteristics of the site have significant effects on the rockburst development. For the modelled tunnelling case in which the in-situ major principal stress is along the vertical direction, the pre-existing fault near the tunnel could aggravate the rockburst incident at the tunnel roof and the tunnel side close to the fault, while a lower in-situ lateral pressure coefficient could contribute to the alleviation of the rockburst development around the tunnel. Besides, the tunnel shape plays a significant role in determining the initiation locations and patterns of the stress concentration zones and accordingly the fracture initiation and propagation behaviours that result in rockbursts around the tunnel. The effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method in the investigation of the rockburst development mechanisms in deep tunnelling are embodied through the study. Then, the rock fracture and fragmentation process and the development of resultant excavation damaged zone (EDZ) during tunnelling by drilling and blasting in deep underground are simulated. The combination of in-situ stress field, equation-of-state based blast loading, and fracturing in tension and shear with gas flow loading of fractures for modelling the complex dynamic interactions from multiple blast rounds is achieved successfully for the first time using FDEM. For the modelled tunnelling case involving multiple contour blast rounds, it is found that in-situ stresses suppress the propagation of long fractures and removing the in-situ stresses results in smoother sidewall fracturing with more damage in the crown and invert. Increasing rock heterogeneity, above a threshold, induces more fractures. Increasing the detonation timing between blast-holes induces more damage into the rock mass and fragmentation in the burden. Moreover, longer decay time ratios and higher decoupling ratios result in additional rock fracture and fragmentation around the tunnel. The proposed method is highly flexible in investigating the influences of various factors on the rock fracture pattern and EDZ development around the tunnel, and its capability to show the realistic rock fracture and fragmentation processes contributes to the better understanding of these influences. Finally, numerical simulations are conducted to investigate the rock dynamic fracture mechanism by destress blasting and its application in controlling the violent fracture of rock during tunnelling in deep underground. The effectiveness of the destress blasting application in preventing potential rockburst in deep tunnelling is further studied, and it is found that the success of the destress blasting application is highly dependent on its design itself such as the arrangement of the blast-holes and the explosive charges. The developed code is innovative and robust in finding the balance between multi-factors and reducing the tremendous efforts to successfully apply the destress blasting in controlling the tunnelling-induced rockbursts in deep underground. Outcomes of these studies show that the in-house GPGPU-parallelized FDEM code provides a powerful tool to realistically investigate complex rock failure, fracture and collapse processes and their control during tunnelling in deep underground, which overcomes the obstacles of the conventional numerical simulation approaches in modelling the progressive rock fracture processes from continuum to discontinuum behaviours in deep tunnelling and therefore fills the research gaps on this topic. The research outcomes in this thesis are also of guiding importance for certain tunnelling designs and constructions in practice, and the proposed method is expected to be used for the evaluation and prediction of the developments of rock failure, fracture and collapse in many other tunnelling scenarios in future studies.
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Книги з теми "Drilling and blasting"

1

Drilling and blasting of rocks. Rotterdam: A.A. Balkema, 1995.

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2

Rotary drilling and blasting in large surface mines. Leiden, The Netherlands: CRC Press/Balkema, 2011.

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3

Zeitz, Brent K. Drilling, blasting and excavation efficiency at Elkview Coal corporation. Sudbury, Ont: Laurentian University, School of Engineering, 1997.

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4

International Society of Explosives Engineers. Fragblast Section, ed. Mining and rock construction technology desk reference: Rock mechanics, drilling and blasting, including acronyms, symbols, units, and related terms from other disciplines. Boca Raton: CRC press, 2010.

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5

Jukka, Naapuri, and Tamrock (Firm), eds. Surface drilling and blasting. [Tampere, Finland]: Tamrock, 1995.

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6

Jukka, Naapuri, ed. Surface drilling and blasting. Tampere: Tamrock, 1989.

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7

Jukka, Naapuri, and Tamrock (Firm), eds. Surface drilling and blasting. [Tampere, Finland]: Tamrock, 1995.

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8

AyalaCarcedo, FranciscoJavier. Drilling and Blasting of Rocks. CRC Press LLC, 2017.

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9

AyalaCarcedo, FranciscoJavier. Drilling and Blasting of Rocks. CRC Press LLC, 2017.

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10

AyalaCarcedo, FranciscoJavier. Drilling and Blasting of Rocks. CRC Press LLC, 2017.

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Більше джерел

Частини книг з теми "Drilling and blasting"

1

Siamaki, Ali. "Advanced Analytics for Drilling and Blasting." In Advanced Analytics in Mining Engineering, 323–43. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91589-6_11.

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2

Zablocki, Andrzej, and Leif Johansson. "Modern drilling and blasting techniques in underground mining." In Mining Latin America / Minería Latinoamericana, 427–41. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2286-5_37.

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3

Zou, Dingxiang. "Introduction to Underground Excavation by Drilling and Blasting." In Theory and Technology of Rock Excavation for Civil Engineering, 483–502. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1989-0_16.

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4

"Drilling and Blasting." In Geotechnical Design for Sublevel Open Stoping, 268–337. CRC Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b16702-11.

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5

Carlos, Lopez Jimeno, Lopez Jimeno Emilio, Javier Ayala Carcedo Francisco, and Ramiro Yvonne Visser de. "Blasting accessories." In Drilling and Blasting of Rocks, 123–35. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315141435-13.

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6

Carlos, Lopez Jimeno, Lopez Jimeno Emilio, Javier Ayala Carcedo Francisco, and Ramiro Yvonne Visser de. "Bench blasting." In Drilling and Blasting of Rocks, 191–204. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315141435-20.

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7

Carlos, Lopez Jimeno, Lopez Jimeno Emilio, Javier Ayala Carcedo Francisco, and Ramiro Yvonne Visser de. "Contour blasting." In Drilling and Blasting of Rocks, 252–71. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315141435-25.

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8

Carlos, Lopez Jimeno, Lopez Jimeno Emilio, Javier Ayala Carcedo Francisco, and Ramiro Yvonne Visser de. "Underwater blasting." In Drilling and Blasting of Rocks, 272–80. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315141435-26.

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9

"drilling and blasting heading." In Dictionary Geotechnical Engineering/Wörterbuch GeoTechnik, 423. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41714-6_43938.

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10

"Drilling, Blasting and Mucking." In Transportation Tunnels, 178–238. CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b21639-7.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Drilling and blasting"

1

Hrehova, Daniela. "MINING�TECHNOLOGY�WITH�DRILLING-BLASTING�OPERATIONS." In SGEM2012 12th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference and EXPO. Stef92 Technology, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2012/s03.v1036.

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2

Makhmudov, Dilmurod, Takhirjan Akbarov, Yorkin Nurboboev, Asliddin Mahmadoliev, and Mardonov Isomiddin. "Selection of optimal parameters of drilling and blasting operations while blasting high benches." In 2021 ASIA-PACIFIC CONFERENCE ON APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS. AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0089919.

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3

Leung, Simon, and Elton M. Y. Ko. "Active Site Supervision to Enhance Drilling & Blasting." In The HKIE Geotechnical Division 42nd Annual Seminar. AIJR Publisher, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/proceedings.133.18.

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Анотація:
In Hong Kong, the steep hilly terrain is a significant constraint on surface development but provides good opportunities for underground rock caverns. The systematic use of rock caverns will be the long-termed options to increase the land supply, and drill-and-blast is still the most commonly adopted excavation method in underground. However, the technology adopted in site supervision of drill-and-blast excavation has no significant advancement along the time-tunnel of development in Hong Kong. The checking on the as-built blast holes is not comprehensive enough as only the layout on the blast face and the depth of only reachable blast holes can be checked. The alignment of blast holes behind the blast face is unknown, which is however important. In addition, no qualitative and quantitative review on the geological condition ahead of the blast face can be carried out continuously while drilling.
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4

Nguyen, Dac Dang Khoa, Yujun Lai, Sheila Sutjipto, and Gavin Paul. "Hybrid Multi-Robot System for Drilling and Blasting Automation." In 2020 16th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision (ICARCV). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icarcv50220.2020.9305391.

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5

Nguyen, Dac Dang Khoa, Yujun Lai, Sheila Sutjipto, and Gavin Paul. "Hybrid Multi-Robot System for Drilling and Blasting Automation." In 2020 16th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision (ICARCV). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icarcv50220.2020.9305391.

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6

Fedchenko, D. V. "TECHNOGENIC SEISMICITY DURING OPEN-PIT MINE DRILLING AND BLASTING OPERATIONS." In Ежегодная конференция молодых ученых ФИЦ УУХ СО РАН «Развитие – 2021». Кемерово: Федеральный исследовательский центр угля и углехимии Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53650/9785902305620_68.

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7

Chai, Xiu-wei, Yu-ping Xu, and Zhi-gang Liu. "Safety assessment of construction and management in underwater drilling and blasting." In 2011 2nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Management Science and Electronic Commerce (AIMSEC). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aimsec.2011.6010448.

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8

Yoshimi, Ken-ichi, Masayuki Suzuki, Kohei Furukawa, and Koji Nakagawa. "Smooth Blasting in Hard Rock tunnel Using an Automatic Drilling Machine." In 5th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction. International Association for Automation and Robotics in Construction (IAARC), 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.22260/isarc1988/0103.

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9

Wang, Hongli, Wei Bao, Taihui Xu, and Lixin Song. "Study on Coal Mine Fast Drilling Equipment and Blasting Key Technology." In 2017 6th International Conference on Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development (ICEESD 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iceesd-17.2017.5.

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10

Lupoae, Marin. "THE INFLUENCE OF BLASTING AND DRILLING PARAMETERS ON REINFORCED CONCRETE ELEMENTS DEMOLITION." In 16th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2016. Stef92 Technology, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2016/b12/s03.116.

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