Готові списки джерел за темами / Divisia index

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Divisia index"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022
Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Divisia index"

1

Barnett, William, Kun He, and Jingtong He. "Consumption Loan Augmented Divisia Monetary Index and China Monetary Aggregation." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 15, no. 10 (October 2, 2022): 447. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm15100447.

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Simple sum monetary aggregates are based on accounting conventions and have no aggregation theoretic foundations in economic theory. In contrast, Divisia monetary aggregates are directly derived from aggregation and index number theory. Credit card services cannot be included in simple sum monetary aggregates since accounting conventions cannot aggregate over assets and liabilities. However, microeconomic aggregation theory aggregates over service flows, not stocks, regardless of whether from assets or liabilities. As a result, it has recently been shown that Divisia monetary aggregates can be augmented to include credit card services and are available from the Center for Financial Stability in New York City. Other sources of consumer credit cannot be included in Divisia monetary aggregates for the United States since other sources of consumer credit in the United States are linked to specific groups of consumer goods and hence, violate the weak separability condition for the existence of an aggregator function. However, China produces a unique opportunity to broaden the Divisia monetary aggregates since sources of consumer credit, not limited to credit cards, are applicable to all consumption purchases and hence, do not violate the existence condition for an aggregator function. We report initial results with a broader Chinese Divisia monetary aggregate, including not only credit card services but also other broadly acceptable consumer loan services.
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2

ELGER, C. THOMAS, BARRY E. JONES, DAVID L. EDGERTON, and JANE M. BINNER. "A NOTE ON THE OPTIMAL LEVEL OF MONETARY AGGREGATION IN THE UNITED KINGDOM." Macroeconomic Dynamics 12, no. 1 (October 1, 2007): 117–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s136510050706035x.

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Weak separability is a key admissibility property in the Divisia approach to monetary aggregation. We test groups of U.K. household sector monetary assets for weak separability using new data underlying the Bank of England's benchmark revision of its household sector Divisia index. Nonparametric tests are used to identify four monetary asset groupings, which are weakly separable over all or almost all of the post-ERM period (1992:4–2005:1). We construct Divisia monetary aggregates for these four groupings and investigate their information content in two applications. The main findings are that Divisia money has direct effects on aggregate demand and that the growth rates of the nominal Divisia monetary aggregates Granger cause nominal output growth, but not inflation.
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3

Polat, Umurcan. "Divisia and Simple Sum Monetary Aggregates: Any Empirical Relevance for Turkey?" Journal of Central Banking Theory and Practice 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 175–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jcbtp-2018-0008.

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AbstractIn consideration of channels through which monetary policy affects economic activity, the monetary aggregates have been mostly ignored by the monetary authorities instead of which shortrun interest rates have been given a priori role. These monetary aggregates are largely argued to fail in measuring the effectiveness of different monetary policy regimes in forecasting the macroeconomic fundamentals. Grounded on the “Barnett critique”, the formation of traditional simple-sum monetary aggregates assuming for perfect substitution among the components of the money supply is blamed for such a failure of money in explaining the real activity. Given increasing varieties of financial assets which have completely different “moneyness”, it is important to provide an alternative measure of the money supply. Hereby, the Divisia monetary aggregates which give different weights to different assets have arisen as an alternative approach. In this study, a Divisia index is constructed to test its predictive power on quantities and prices compared to its simple sum counterpart. Accordingly, a Divisia index is built-up for Turkish economy for the period 2006-2016 to see whether the utilization of the Divisia monetary aggregates in the conduct of monetary policy makes any difference compared to that of traditional simple sum money supply. Under different specifications, though the relative power of the Divisia aggregates in predicting quantity and price variables is found, still, it can be argued that theoretically well-rounded formation of the Divisia index is not that much empirically justified for the case of Turkey.
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4

Cysne, Rubens Penha. "Divisia Index, Inflation, and Welfare." Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking 35, no. 2 (2003): 221–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mcb.2003.0010.

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5

Vogt, Arthur. "The natural index and the divisia index on the straight line as well as the divisia index on the exponential line." Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods 15, no. 12 (January 1986): 3567–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03610928608829330.

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6

Barnett, William A., and Biyan Tang. "Chinese Divisia Monetary Index and GDP Nowcasting." Open Economies Review 27, no. 5 (June 29, 2016): 825–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11079-016-9406-z.

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7

Yzeren, J. "Fisher's ideal index numbers as natural Divisia results." Statistische Hefte 27, no. 1 (December 1986): 89–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02932560.

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8

Wang, Shuo. "Analysis on the Influence Factors of CO2 Emission in France - Based on LMDI Approach." Advanced Materials Research 616-618 (December 2012): 1537–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.616-618.1537.

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This article uses Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index Method (LMDI) to analyze influence factors of emission in France during last 50 years, including energy use, GDP, carbon density, energy structure and population. Energy structure problem is proposed at the end of the article.
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9

Barnett, William A., and Van H. Nguyen. "Constructing Divisia Monetary Aggregates for Singapore." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 14, no. 8 (August 12, 2021): 370. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14080370.

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Since Barnett derived the user cost price of money, the economic theory of monetary services aggregation has been developed and extended into a field of its own with solid foundations in microeconomic theory. Divisia monetary aggregates have repeatedly been shown to be strictly preferable to their simple sum counterparts, which have no competent foundations in microeconomic aggregation or index number theory. However, most central banks in the world, including that of Singapore, the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS), still report their monetary aggregates as simple summations. Recent macroeconomic research about Singapore tends to focus on exchange rates as a monetary policy target but ignores the aggregate quantity of money. Is that because quantities of money are irrelevant to economic activity? To examine the role of monetary quantities as potential monetary instruments, indicators, or targets and their relevance to predicting real economic activity in Singapore, this paper applies the user cost of money formula and the recently developed credit-card-augmented Divisia monetary aggregates formula to construct monetary services indexes for Singapore. We produce those state-of-the-art monetary services indexes from Jan 1991 to Mar 2021. We see that Divisia measures behave differently from simple sum measures in the period before the year 2000, while interest rates were high. Credit-card-augmented Divisia monetary services move closely with the conventional Divisia monetary aggregates, since the volume of credit card transactions in Singapore is relatively small compared with other monetary service assets. In future work, we plan to use our data to explore central bank policy in Singapore and to propose improvements in that policy. By making our data available to the public, we encourage others to do the same.
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10

Lewbel, Arthur. "A Path-Independent Divisia-Like Index for PIGLOG Preferences." Economica 56, no. 221 (February 1989): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2554500.

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Divisia index"

1

Moyo, Solomon Simbarashe. "A comparative analysis of the divisia index and the simple sum monetary aggregates for South Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002679.

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The effectiveness of monetary policy in achieving its macroeconomic objectives such as price stability and economic growth depend on the monetary policy tools that are implemented by the Central Bank. Monetary aggregates are one of the tools that have been used as indicators of economic activity and as intermediate targets to achieve these economic objectives. Until recently, monetary aggregates have been questioned and criticised on their usefulness in monetary policy. This has been attributed to the economic, financial and technological developments that have distorted the relationship between monetary aggregates and major macroeconomic variables. This study investigates the relevance of monetary aggregation by comparing the traditional simple sum and Divisia index monetary aggregates which was constructed for the first time for South Africa using the Tornquist-Theil method. The Polynomial Distributed Lag model is employed to compare the performance of these monetary aggregates using their relationship with inflation and manufacturing index. Furthermore, the aggregates are compared in terms of their controllability and information content. Overall, the study found a very strong relationship between inflation and all the monetary aggregates. However, more specifically the results suggested that the Divisia indices are superior to the simple sum in terms of predicting inflation. The evidence further suggests that the Divisia aggregates provide higher information about inflation than the simple sum aggregates. Regarding the controllability of the monetary aggregates, the findings suggest that the monetary authorities can hardly control the monetary aggregates using monetary base. Finally, the relationship between manufacturing index and all the monetary aggregates was very weak.
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2

Kalla, Christelle. "Dekomponeringsanalys av personbilstrafikens CO2-utsläpp i Sverige 1990–2015." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Naturresurser och hållbar utveckling, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-381137.

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År 2045 ska Sverige uppnå territoriella nettonollutsläpp och till år 2030 ska utsläppen från transportsektorn ha minskat med 70 % jämfört med år 2010. Sveriges vägtrafik står för en tredjedel av de totala växthusgasutsläppen. För att uppnå klimatmålen bör de mest lämpade styrmedlen och åtgärderna prioriteras. En systematisk undersökning av de faktorer som påverkat utsläppsutvecklingen kan vägleda beslutsfattare att fördela resurserna där de gör mest nytta. Dekomponeringsanalys är en potentiell metod för detta syfte då flera olika faktorers effekter kan särskiljs och mätas. Fem additiva LMDI-I dekomponeringsanalyser genomfördes på utsläppsutvecklingen av fossilt CO2 inom personbilstrafiken mellan åren 1990–2015. De faktorer som undersöktes var befolkning, bil per capita, bränsleteknologier, motorstorlekar, trafikarbete per bil, emissioner och biobränsle. Data från emissionsmodellen HBEFA, Trafikverket och SCB användes i analyserna. Under hela perioden 1990–2015 minskade CO2-utsläppen och dekomponeringsanalyserna visade att alla de ingående faktorerna påverkat utvecklingen. Sett över hela tidsperioden 1990–2015 hade faktorerna påverkat utvecklingen mest i storleksordningen trafikarbete per bil (35 %), bränsleteknologier (15 %), befolkning (15 %), bil per capita (13 %), emissioner (11 %), biobränsle (7 %) samt motorstorlekar (5 %). Procenten anger andelen som faktorn utgjorde av effekternas absoluta summa. Trafikarbete per bil, emissioner, biobränsle och motorstorlekar minskade utsläppen. Bränsleteknologier, befolkning och bil per capita ökade utsläppen. Resultaten kan användas som en indikation för vilka faktorer som kan påverka den framtida utsläppsutvecklingen mest och för vilka åtgärder bör vidtas. Åtgärderförslag är incitament för att välja mer hållbara transportsätt, öka andelen av bilar med lägre utsläpp i fordonsflottan och använda mer biobränsle.
By year 2045 Sweden shall reach zero territorial net emissions and by year 2030 the emissions from the transport sector shall be reduced by 70% compared to year 2010. In Sweden the road traffic stands for a third of the total greenhouse gas emissions. In order to achieve the climate targets, the most suited policies and actions should be prioritized. A systematic investigation into the factors that affect the change in emissions can guide decision makers to distribute resources where they contribute the most. A decomposition analysis is a potential method for this purpose since the effect of different factors can be separated and measured. Five additive LMDI-I decomposition analyses were made on the change in fossil CO2 emission from passenger cars in Sweden between year 1990–2015. The factors that were investigated were: population, vehicle per capita, fuel technologies, engine sizes, distance travelled per vehicle, emissions and biofuel share. Data from the emissions model HBEFA, the Swedish Transport Administration and Statistics Sweden were used in the analyses. During the period of year 1990–2015 the CO2 emissions were reduced, and the decomposition analyses showed that all ingoing factors affected the change. Throughout the period the factors that contributed the most were in order of size: distance travelled per vehicle (35%), fuel technologies (15%), population (15%), car per capita (13%), emissions (11%), biofuel (7%) and engine size (5%). The percentage is the share of the factor’s effect of the absolute sum of all the different effects. Distance travelled per vehicle, emissions, bio fuels and engine size reduced the emissions. Fuel technologies, population and car per capita increased the emissions. The suggestions of actions are incentive for people to use more sustainable means for transportation, increase the share of cars with lower emissions in the fleet and use more biofuel.
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Andrade, Fabricio Vieira. "Projeções e avaliação do consumo de energia elétrica para o setor residencial brasileiro a partir da técnica de decomposição Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI)." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/BUOS-9URJ5V.

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This work aimed to apply the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) decomposition techniques to evaluate the variation of electricity consumption for the residential sector in Brazil for the period 2005-2020. Electricity consumption was decomposed into four effects/indicators: Activity, Structure, Intensity and Ownership. From the decomposition, it was possible to estimate how each category and its related appliances, the number of consumers and the ownership, have contributed to the variation of electricity consumption in the residential sector for the period 2005-2020. Among other results, we concluded that the electricity consumption in the residential sector in Brazil may reach 176 TWh in 2020. Indeed, we realize that a great amount of the rising of consumption is due to the Activity effect, which is closely related to the increase of the number of households. We may also consider that from 2005 to 2020, the Activity effect may be responsible for 56 percent of the increase of electricity consumption in the residential sector in Brazil.
Neste trabalho é usada a técnica de decomposição Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) para avaliar variações do consumo de energia elétrica no setor residencial no Brasil. Primeiro, o consumo de energia elétrica foi estimado a partir dos usos finais e depois foram elaboradas projeções para este consumo de 2005 a 2020. Os equipamentos considerados nas estimativas de consumo e projeções foram agrupados em sete categorias de usos finais, a saber: Aquecimento de água, Condicionamento de alimentos, Condicionamento de ambiente, Iluminação, Serviço, Lazer e Demais equipamentos. Na análise de decomposição, o consumo de energia elétrica foi desagregado em quatro efeitos: Atividade, Estrutura, Posse e Intensidade. Para cada categoria de uso final foram avaliados estes efeitos em períodos distintos e, desta forma, foi possível estimar como cada categoria e seus respectivos equipamentos, a quantidade de consumidores e a posse contribuíram para a variação no consumo de eletricidade no setor residencial. Dentre vários resultados, concluiu-se que o consumo de energia elétrica no setor residencial deverá alcançar 176 TWh em 2020, um aumento de 112% com relação a 2005. Também, percebe-se que grande parcela do aumento do consumo de energia elétrica seria devido ao efeito Atividade, que está associada ao aumento do número de domicílios ligados à rede de energia elétrica. No período 2005-2020, o efeito Atividade seria responsável por 56% do aumento de consumo de energia elétrica no setor residencial no Brasil.
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4

Patiño, Pascumal Lourdes Isabel. "Estructura productiva, eficiencia energética y emisiones de CO2 en Colombia." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/400393.

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Esta tesis tiene como objetivo determinar y cuantificar la interrelación entre el consumo de energía, la actividad económica y las emisiones de CO2 en Colombia, en tres capítulos auto contenidos. En el primer capítulo, se analizan los factores determinantes de las emisiones de CO2 y la eficiencia energética durante el período 1971-2010. Para este propósito, se desarrollan dos descomposiciones utilizando el método del Índice Logarítmico Medio de Divisia: la primera, relacionada con las emisiones de CO2 basada en la identidad Kaya, y la segunda relacionada con el consumo de energía primaria por unidad de actividad económica, medida a nivel sectorial. Los resultados muestran que la intensidad energética es el principal factor que explica la disminución de las emisiones de CO2 y la mejora de la eficiencia energética. Los sectores que presentan las mayores reducciones en la intensidad energética son: el sector transporte y el sector industrial. En el último sector, el cambio estructural es favorable a la eficiencia energética. En el capítulo dos, se analiza la relación entre los dos indicadores de presión ambiental (emisiones de CO2 per cápita y el consumo de energía per cápita) y otras variables (como el PIB per cápita y la composición de la energía). También se examina la validez de la hipótesis de la curva de Kuznets ambiental (EKC) para estas presiones ambientales, y se estima la elasticidad ingreso de las emisiones de CO2 y la energía usando un método de simulación. Para lograr estos propósitos, se estiman dos modelos dinámicos de ajuste parcial, uno para las emisiones de CO2 y otro para la energía, ambos para el período 1971-2011. Los resultados sugieren la existencia de un EKC, con los puntos de inflexión de la energía en 2006 y las emisiones de CO2 en el año 2011. Estos patrones apuntan a una posible desvinculación del crecimiento económico y la presión del medio ambiente. Los resultados muestran que, los cambios en la composición de las fuentes de energía aumentan el ahorro de energía y la reducción de las emisiones de CO2. La elasticidad ingreso de energía y las emisiones, a lo largo del período presenta tendencia descendente, y cae a cero en el punto de inflexión de la EKC. En el tercer capítulo, se determinan los sectores clave del consumo de energía primaria, y se realiza un análisis de cambio estructural del consumo de energía primaria considerando los sectores económicos de Colombia, durante el período 1996-2010. Esto se logra, usando un modelo input-output con un enfoque de demanda, y otro enfoque alternativo, del uso de energía. El primer enfoque, muestra que el descenso en el consumo de energía primaria, se explica mejor por la tecnología, mientras que su incremento se explica por los cambios en los niveles de demanda. El segundo enfoque, reitera la importancia del cambio técnico en la reducción del consumo de energía, mientras que la demanda y el uso de la tecnología, dan cuenta del aumento en el consumo de energía. Las elasticidades sectoriales estimadas muestran que los sectores clave para el desarrollo de una política de conservación energética son: el transporte terrestre y los servicios.
This thesis aims to determine and quantify the relationship between energy consumption, economic activity and CO2 emissions in Colombia in three self-contained chapters. In chapter one, factors explaining trends in CO2 emissions and energy efficiency for the period 1971 to 2010 are analysed. For this purpose, two decompositions are developed using the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index: one for CO2 emissions based on the Kaya identity, and another for primary energy consumption per unit of output or activity, measured at the sectorial level. Results show that energy intensity is the main factor explaining the decline in CO2 emissions and improvement in energy efficiency. Transport and manufacturing are the sectors with the largest reductions in energy intensity. Structural change in the latter sector also helps to improve energy efficiency. In chapter two, the relationship between two environmental pressure indicators (CO2 emissions per capita and per capita energy consumption) and other variables (such as per capita GDP and the composition of the energy) is analyzed. Moreover, the validity of the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis (EKC) is tested for these environmental pressures. A simulation method is used to estimate the income elasticity of energy and CO2 emissions. For these purposes, two partial adjustment dynamic models are estimated for CO2 emissions and energy for the period 1971-2011. Results suggest the existence of an EKC, with turning points for energy in 2006 and for CO2 emissions in 2011. These patterns point to a possible de-linking of economic growth and environmental pressure. The result reveals that changes in the composition of energy sources has increased energy savings and reduced CO2 emissions. Throughout the period, the income elasticity of energy and emissions presents a downward trend and fall to zero at the turning point of the EKC. Chapter three, determines key sectors of primary energy consumption and analyses structural change in primary energy consumption in Colombian all sectors from 1995 to 2010. This is done using an input-output model applying demand and use of energy approaches. The first approach shows that technology best explains the decline in energy consumption, while its subsequent increase is explained by rises in demand. The second approach reiterates the importance of technical change in the reduction of energy consumption, while demand and the use of technology accounts for the increase in energy use. Estimated sectoral elasticities show that land transport and services are key sectors on which energy conservation policies should focus.
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5

Alves, Victor Lucas Pedroso. "Agregados monetários ponderados: impactos sobre a inflação e o produtos da economia brasileira." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/8338.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
The benefits and the costs of the monetary policy alternatives have been debated trough decades, without a consensus of how it should be conducted. The most common instruments are, between other, the interest rate, the money supply and monetary reserves. In the last twenty five years, the generalized adoption of inflation targeting evidenced that monetary policy had been based only on the interest rates, and the new regime demanded measurement on inflationary expectations and inflation sensibility on interest rate changes. However, the monetary aggregates observed signs brought back the discussion of its use as an instrument, since the European Central Bank (ECB) had put weight on the aggregates behavior to its monetary policy decisions. Besides it, Brazilian monetary policy neglects the usage of the monetary aggregates as suggested by the ECB. Therefore, this thesis aims to verify the effects of monetary shocks from Divisia and simple sum monetary aggregates on Brazilian product and inflation considering the period between February 1980 and December 2013. Each asset that compose the monetary aggregates were weighted by its opportunity cost obtaining the Divisia monetary aggregates indexes. Vector auto regression models (VAR) were estimated to study the relationship among variables. Specially, Divisia monetary aggregates showed higher sensibility in each economic scenario considered, even with similar behavior to the simple sum intensities. This seems to be intensely observed on the Divisia monetary aggregates impulse response functions. So, considering the weighted monetary aggregates, the impacts on the product and price level seems to be sensible to the economic scenario according to each economic scenario particularity.
A indecisão quanto a melhor forma de condução da política fez com que a literatura debatesse durante décadas os benefícios e custos das alternativas de política monetária. Os instrumentos mais comuns são, entre outras alternativas, a taxa de juros, a oferta de moeda em circulação e as reservas da autoridade monetária. Nos últimos vinte e cinco anos, a adoção generalizada do regime de metas de inflação mostrou que a política monetária ficou calcada apenas nas taxas de juros, com desdobramentos sobre a aferição das expectativas de inflação e a sua sensibilidade em relação às taxas de juros. Todavia, os sinais observados a partir dos agregados monetários possibilitaram a rediscussão do uso de agregados, já que o Banco Central Europeu (BCE) passou a atribuir significativo peso sobre os agregados monetários para as decisões de política. Apesar de tal fato, a política monetária no Brasil desconsidera o uso de tais agregados na magnitude sugerida pelo BCE. Assim, a presente dissertação tem como objetivo verificar os impactos dos choques monetários, medidos por alterações nos agregados monetários, sobre os preços e sobre o produto da economia brasileira para o período de fevereiro de 1980 a dezembro de 2013. Considerou-se uma ponderação de cada ativo que compõe os agregados monetários, sendo o peso representado pelo custo de oportunidade associado a sua manutenção. Modelos vetoriais auto regressivos (VAR) foram estimados, considerando a relação entre as variáveis e suas especificidades. Os agregados monetários ponderados, de fato, apresentaram comportamento distinto do observado em soma simples, principalmente entre as décadas de 1980 e 1990, dado o cenário econômico da época. As funções impulso resposta apresentaram comportamento semelhante, mas com intensidades diferentes, ou seja, ao considerar os agregados ponderados os impactos da oferta de moeda sobre a inflação e o produto se mostraram sensíveis ao cenário econômico de cada período considerado.
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6

Pärssinen, Martti. "Confederaciones interprovinciales y grandes señores interétnicos en el Tawantinsuyu." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113604.

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Interprovincial Confederations and Great Inter-Ethnic Lords in TawantinsuyuThe four suyus of Tawantinsuyu were divided into various administrative provinces called guamaníes. However, there were also some interprovincial confederations as well as other inter-ethnic formations within the Inca State (e.g. Colesuyu, Collao, Charcas, etc.). They remain a much-neglected area of investigation, but we do know that some of the lords of these confederations were regarded as apocuna, "kings, captain generals and segundas personas of the Inca". For example, according to an unpublished manuscript, kept in the General Indian Archive of Seville, the grandson of the curaca of Lurin Huanca said in 1561 that his grandfather was married to an Inca daughter, and as an Inca’s son-in-law, he governed a territory up to the Quito, as he was also the lord of the parcialidades of "hananguanca, luringuanca y Jauja". While we need not take this statement too literally, we should not reject it, either, among many other independent and quite similar pieces of evidence. It seems that special privileges with interprovincial powers were indeed granted by the Incas (within the respective suyus), and especially to chiefs who distinguished themselves in military campaigns. Furthermore, some Incas related to a religious cult, such as Apu Chalco Yupanqui, the son of the first Copacabana Governor, also had great interprovincial authority, similar to that described by Sarmiento in connection with suyoyoc apo. In this article we aim to elaborate on the hypothesis that the origin of these kinds of confederations and inter-ethnic powers may have been political or religious. Additionally, it seems that religion and military powers were frequently inseparable, because every military group had its own huaca or powerful idol, commonly shared with various local ethnic groups of the same area. In general, it was the chiefs of the most important military groups that received special privileges, and it was these same groups that were later used to setting up units of political and economic administration.
Los cuatro suyus del Tawantinsuyu estuvieron divididos en varias provincias administrativas llamadas guamaníes; pero, existieron también algunas confederaciones interprovinciales y otras divisiones administrativas interétnicas dentro del Estado Inca, entre las que destacaron Colesuyu, Collao, Charcas, etc. A pesar de la poca información sobre el tema, se sabe que algunos jefes de estas confederaciones fueron considerados como apocuna, "soberanos, capitanes generales y segundas personas del Inca". Así pues, según un manuscrito inédito conservado en el Archivo General de Indias de Sevilla, un nieto del curaca de Lurin Huanca declaró en 1561 que su abuelo se casó con la hija del Inca y en su condición de yerno habría gobernado el territorio que se extendía hasta las provincias de Quito, siendo además señor de las parcialidades de "hananguanca, luringuanca y Jauja". Aunque no se acepta esta información en sentido literal, tampoco se la rechaza, pues se tiene conocimiento de otras declaraciones parecidas como testimonios independientes, dentro de un grupo de otras manifestaciones. Pudo suceder que los incas del Cuzco dieron mercedes especiales con poderes interprovinciales —dentro de los respectivos suyus— a los jefes que se distinguieron en las campañas conquistadoras, pero también algunos incas del culto estatal, como Apu Chalco Yupanqui, hijo del primer gobernador de Copacabana, tenían mucha autoridad interprovincial, parecida a la que Sarmiento describe en relación a un suyoyoc apo. Por ello, en este artículo se presenta la hipótesis de que el origen de dicho tipo de confederaciones y poderes interétnicos puede ser militar o religioso. Además, parece que muchas veces los poderes religiosos eran inseparables de los poderes militares, porque cada grupo militar tenía también su propia huaca o ídolo poderoso, muchas veces compartido con varias etnias de la misma área. En general, los jefes de los grupos más hábiles en los frentes bélicos recibieron ciertos privilegios y también es posible que, posteriormente, estos mismos grupos hayan sido empleados como unidades de la administración política y económica.
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7

Knight, Ariahna N. (Ariahna Nichole). "Creating a framework for a humanitarian response capacity index." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/77465.

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Thesis (M. Eng. in Logistics)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2012.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 50-51).
Humanitarian logistics encapsulates all supply chain efforts in response to a disaster or emergency. Despite the increased focus on humanitarian supply chains, there is not a general method for measuring the supply chain response capacity. We propose a model for humanitarian response capacity based on the stock levels and supplier capacity of an organization. We evaluate the model using inventory stock level data from the United Nations Humanitarian Response Depots (UN HRD) and a combination of inventory stock level and supplier contracted replenishment time data from the New York City Office of Emergency Management (NYC OEM). Model results in response to four simulated disaster events graphically show the approximate number of people that can be served as well as the oscillations in capacity during the response and replenishment phases. Given the span from global (UN HRD) to municipal (NYC OEM) contexts, this response capacity model provides a framework for developing a more general index that can aid organizations in making important investment decisions in order to save lives with more efficient disaster response.
by Ariahna N. Knight
M.Eng.in Logistics
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8

Bhengra, Dilbar. "Archaeology of the Chotanagpur division, Jharkhand /." Delhi : Agam Kala Prakashan, 2007. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41067124t.

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9

León, Hilario Leysser L. "Giorgio del Vecchio comentarista de la Divina comedia." IUS ET VERITAS, 2016. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/122548.

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10

Bustos, Felipe (Felipe Antonio Bustos Sánchez), and Fernando Andres Barraza. "Characterizing manufacturing activity in the United States of America : composite index of leading indicators." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/70894.

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Thesis (S.M. in Engineering and Management)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, System Design and Management Program, February 2012.
"February, 2012." Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 73).
The purpose of this work is to demonstrate that is possible to characterize the US manufacturing activity utilizing public data. Analysis of the state of the art in manufacturing metrics showed that our approach is unique since exploits a niche that is not covered by any existent report or indicator. A Composite Index of Leading Indicators (MCI) was created for the domestic manufacturing activity, exclusively based in official data from the US Census Bureau and the US Bureau of Labor Statistics. The MCI was benchmarked against the US Manufacturing Gross Domestic Product (GDP). As a result, evidence was found that MCI anticipates in 5 - 9 months to the GDP economic fluctuations, as measured through cross-correlation analysis. Additionally, the developed framework was satisfactorily applied to Canada as a second source of validation. In practice, other feature of MCI that stands out respect the existent metrics is that provides insight at the level of subsectors according to the North American Industrial Classification System (NAICS). The MCI behaves properly in 18 of the 20 subsectors analyzed, being of especial interest the subsectors like Primary Metals and Petroleum and Coal Products, which have a larger lead and correlation. Conclusions of our work show that the manufacturing sector can be effectively described using the MCI, providing managers and decision makers with a novel perspective of the upcoming manufacturing scenario.
Felipe Bustos and Fernando Barraza.
S.M.in Engineering and Management
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Книги з теми "Divisia index"

1

Gaiotti, Eugenio. Measuring money with a divisia index: An application to Italy. Rome: Banca d'Italia, 1994.

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2

Mines, Ontario Ministry of Northern Development and. Index to published report and maps: Mines and minerals division, 1891 to 1992. Toronto, Ont: Queen's Printer for Ontario, 1993.

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3

United States Geological Survey. Oklahoma: Index to topographic and other map coverage. Reston, Va: The Survey, 1992.

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4

Lea, Richard S. Job title index to SIC (Standard industrial classification) codes. Jefferson, N.C: McFarland, 1988.

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5

Adams, Peter H. Index of musical instrument trade catalogs in the Library of Congress Music Division. [Silver Spring, Md.?]: P.H. Adams, 1990.

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6

Survey, Ontario Geological. Index to published reports and maps, Mines and Minerals Division 1891 to 1992. Ontario: Ministry of Northern Development and Mines, 1993.

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7

Wiegand, Brandon T. Index to the general orders of the 69th Division in World War II. Brackenridge, PA: D-Day Militaria, 2003.

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8

Wiegand, Brandon T. Index to the general orders of the 97th Division in World War II. Brackenridge, PA: D-Day Militaria, 2002.

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9

Wiegand, Brandon T. Index to the general orders of the 13th Division in World War II. Brackenridge, PA: D-Day Militaria, 2002.

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10

Wiegand, Brandon T. Index to the general orders of the 86th Division in World War II. Brackenridge, PA (733 Hazlett Ave., Brackenridge 15014): D-Day Militaria, 2002.

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Частини книг з теми "Divisia index"

1

Hulten, Charles R. "Divisia Index." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 3014–16. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5_350.

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2

Hulten, Charles R. "Divisia Index." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 1–3. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_350-1.

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Hulten, Charles R. "Divisia Index." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 1–4. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_350-2.

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4

Jouini, Sana Essaber. "Energy Consumption in Tunisia over 1990–2008: A Decomposition Analysis Using Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index Technique." In Energy Security and Development, 147–61. New Delhi: Springer India, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2065-7_9.

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5

Van den Bergh, M. "The algebraic index of a division algebra." In Ring Theory, 190–206. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0076326.

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6

Vaidya, S. K., and M. R. Jadeja. "Wiener Index of Some Zero-Divisor Graphs." In Recent Advancements in Graph Theory, 247–60. Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2020. | Series: Mathematical engineering, manufacturing, and management sciences: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003038436-21.

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7

Li, Guobin, and Jine Tang. "A New R-tree Spatial Index Based on Space Grid Coordinate Division." In Advances in Intelligent and Soft Computing, 133–40. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25188-7_16.

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8

Li, Jun, Xiongfei Li, Hui Liu, and Xinying Chen. "The Algorithm About Division and Reducts of Information System Based on Discernibility Index of Attribute." In Content Computing, 449–56. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30483-8_55.

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9

Swain, Sabyasachi, S. K. Mishra, Ashish Pandey, and Deen Dayal. "Identification of Meteorological Extreme Years Over Central Division of Odisha Using an Index-Based Approach." In Water Science and Technology Library, 161–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59148-9_12.

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10

Zhang, Yi, and Gang Yang. "Application of Decision Tree Algorithm Based on Clustering and Entropy Method Level Division for Regional Economic Index Selection." In Data Mining and Big Data, 45–56. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7205-0_5.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Divisia index"

1

Zhang, Xiaodi, Xiaohu Liu, Yumin Zhang, Hang Xu, Yingfei Gong, Tianyu Zhao, and Fushuan Wen. "Combined Use of Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index and Kaya Identity for Identifying the Relationship between Carbon Emission and Impacting Factors." In 2022 IEEE Global Conference on Computing, Power and Communication Technologies (GlobConPT). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/globconpt57482.2022.9938290.

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2

Maestre, J. M., P. Velarde, and F. J. Muros. "An Application of the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index Method for Predictive Control Schemes to a Power Flow Network* Financial support by the H2020 ADG-ERC project OCONTSOLAR (ID 789051) and by the MINECO-Spain projects DPI2017-86918-R and DPI2016-78338-R (CONFIGURA) is gratefully acknowledged." In 2019 American Control Conference (ACC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/acc.2019.8815254.

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3

"Index." In 15th Engineering Mechanics Division Conference. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784407097.in.

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4

AthisayaAnushya, T., T. Laxmikandan, and T. Manimekalai. "Dual Mode Dual Index Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Index Modulation." In 2020 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Information Technology and Engineering (ic-ETITE). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ic-etite47903.2020.354.

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5

Basar, Ertugrul, Umit Aygolu, Erdal Panayirci, and H. Vincent Poor. "Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing with index modulation." In GLOBECOM 2012 - 2012 IEEE Global Communications Conference. IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2012.6503868.

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6

Ozturk, Ersin, Ertugrul Basar, and Hakan Ali Cirpan. "Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing with Index Modulation." In 2016 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/glocomw.2016.7848916.

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7

Arslan, Emre, Ali Tugberk Dogukan, and Ertugrul Basar. "Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing with Codebook Index Modulation." In 2020 28th Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/siu49456.2020.9302305.

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8

Fan, Rui, Ya Jun Yu, and Yong Liang Guan. "Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing with generalized index modulation." In GLOBECOM 2014 - 2014 IEEE Global Communications Conference. IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2014.7037413.

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9

Kessler, Travis, Thomas Schwartz, Hsi-Wu Wong, and J. Hunter Mack. "Predicting the Cetane Number, Yield Sooting Index, Kinematic Viscosity, and Cloud Point for Catalytically Upgraded Pyrolysis Oil Using Artificial Neural Networks." In ASME 2020 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2020-2978.

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Abstract The conversion of biomass using fast pyrolysis has the potential to be significantly less expensive at scale compared to alternative methods such as fermentation and gasification. Selective upgrading of the products of fast pyrolysis through chemical catalysis produces compounds with lower oxygen content and lower acidity; however, identifying the specific catalytic pathways for producing viable fuels and fuel additives often requires a trial-and-error approach. Specifically, key properties of the compounds must be experimentally tested to evaluate the viability of the resultant compounds. The present work proposes predictive models constructed with artificial neural networks (ANNs) for cetane number (CN), yield sooting index (YSI), kinematic viscosity (KV), and cloud point (CP), with blind test set median absolute errors of 5.14 cetane units, 3.36 yield sooting index units, 0.07 millimeters squared per second, and 4.89 degrees Celsius, respectively. Furthermore, the cetane number, yield sooting index, kinematic viscosity, and cloud point were predicted for over three hundred expected products from the catalytic upgrading of pyrolysis oil. It was discovered that 130 of these compounds have predicted cetane numbers greater than 40, with four of these compounds possessing predicted yield sooting index values significantly less than that of diesel fuel and predicted viscosities and cloud points comparable to that of diesel fuel.
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10

Grubsky, Victor, Dmitry S. Starodubov, and Jack Feinberg. "Stability of the UV-Induced Index Change in Hydrogen-Loaded Fibers." In Wavelength Division Multiplexing Components. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/wdm.1999.270.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Divisia index"

1

Torvanger, A. Manufacturing sector carbon dioxide emissions in nine OECD countries 1973--87: A Divisia index decomposition to changes in fuel mix, emission coefficients, industry structure, energy intensities, and international structure. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5966632.

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2

Khrushch, Nila, Pavlo Hryhoruk, Tetiana Hovorushchenko, Sergii Lysenko, Liudmyla Prystupa, and Liudmyla Vahanova. Assessment of bank's financial security levels based on a comprehensive index using information technology. [б. в.], October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4474.

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The article considers the issues of assessing the level of financial security of the bank. An analysis of existing approaches to solving this problem. A scientific and methodological approach based on the application of comprehensive assessment technology is proposed. The computational algorithm is presented in the form of a four-stage procedure, which contains the identification of the initial data set, their normalization, calculation of the partial composite indexes, and a comprehensive index of financial security. Results have interpretation. Determining the levels of financial security and the limits of the relevant integrated indicator is based on the analysis of the configuration of objects in the two-scale space of partial composite indexes, which is based on the division of the set of initial indicators by content characteristics. The results of the grouping generally coincided with the results of the banks ranking according to the rating assessment of their stability, presented in official statistics. The article presents the practical implementation of the proposed computational procedure. To automate calculations and the possibility of scenario modeling, an electronic form of a spreadsheet was created with the help of form controls. The obtained results allowed us to identify the number of levels of financial security and their boundaries.
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3

Kennedy, Robert T. Bioinformatics Symposium of the Analytical Division of the American Chemical Society Meeting. Final Technical Report from 03/15/2000 to 03/14/2001 [sample pages of agenda, abstracts, index]. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/806755.

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