Готові списки джерел за темами / District electric network

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "District electric network"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022
Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "District electric network"

1

Gonzalez-Castellanos, Alvaro, Priyanko Guha Thakurta, and Aldo Bischi. "Congestion management via increasing integration of electric and thermal energy infrastructures." E3S Web of Conferences 238 (2021): 05005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123805005.

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Анотація:
Congestion caused in the electrical network due to renewable generation can be effectively managed by integrating electric and thermal infrastructures, the latter being represented by large scale District Heating (DH) networks, often fed by large combined heat and power (CHP) plants. The CHP plants could further improve the profit margin of district heating multi-utilities by selling electricity in the power market by adjusting the ratio between generated heat and power. The latter is possible only for certain CHP plants, which allow decoupling the two commodities generation, namely the ones provided by two independent variables (degrees-of-freedom) or by integrating them with thermal energy storage and Power-to-Heat (P2H) units. CHP units can, therefore, help in the congestion management of the electricity network. A detailed mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) optimization model is introduced for solving the network-constrained unit commitment of integrated electric and thermal infrastructures. The developed model contains a detailed characterization of the useful effects of CHP units, i.e., heat and power, as a function of one and two independent variables. A lossless DC flow approximation models the electricity transmission network. The district heating model includes the use of gas boilers, electric boilers, and thermal energy storage. The conducted studies on IEEE 24 bus system highlight the importance of a comprehensive analysis of multi-energy systems to harness the flexibility derived from the joint operation of electric and heat sectors and managing congestion in the electrical network.
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2

Bolshev, V. E., A. V. Vinogradov, A. V. Vinogradova, A. V. Bukreev, and S. R. Khasanov. "Study of statistical data on the composition of electric distribution networks on the example of a Kaluga region district." E3S Web of Conferences 220 (2020): 01005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202022001005.

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Анотація:
Sustainable operation of the power grid complex is impossible without reliable and high-quality operation of 10/0.4 kV electrical distribution networks, which are the final link in the system for providing consumers with electric energy and are in direct interaction with a specific consumer. The study of statistical information on the composition of distribution networks makes it possible to draw conclusions about electrical network state, to implement recommendations for their development and to compare distribution electrical networks in different regions. This information is especially relevant for analyzing the reliability of power supply to consumers connected to the considered electrical distribution networks. Such indicators of network structure as the length of electric transmission lines of different voltages and power transmission schemes are studied. It also analyzes the number of damages in networks, the causes of these damages, data on the time of planned and emergency outages. This paper considers the structure of 10/0.4 kV electrical distribution networks located on the territory of one of the districts of the Kaluga region. The sample for distribution networks was: 1190 overhead transmission lines and 536 transformer substations. Consumers in the district are 21671 subscribers of individuals and 1986 subscribers of legal entities, that is, a total of 23657 metering points. On the lines of 0.4 kV and 10 kV, the percentage of their isolated design was revealed. The share of single-transformer and two-transformer versions of transformer substations is analyzed.
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3

Zhou, Zheng, Liu, Liu, Mei, Pan, Shi, and Wu. "Operation Optimization of Multi-District Integrated Energy System Considering Flexible Demand Response of Electric and Thermal Loads." Energies 12, no. 20 (October 10, 2019): 3831. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12203831.

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Анотація:
Multi-district integrated energy system (IES) can make full use of the complementary characteristics of district power and thermal system, and loads in different districts. It can improve the flexibility and economy of system operation, which has a good development prospect. Firstly, based on the general energy transfer model of the district heating network (DHN), the DHN system is described by the basic equations of the heating network and nodes considering the characteristics of the transmission time delay and heat loss in pipelines. A coupling model of DHN and multi-district IES is established. Secondly, the flexible demand response (FDR) model of electric and thermal loads is established. The load characteristics of each district in IES are studied. A shiftable load model based on the electric quantity balance is constructed. Considering the flexibility of the heat demand, a thermal load adjustment model based on the comfort constraint is constructed to make the thermal load elastic and controllable in time and space. Finally, a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model for operation optimization of multi-district IES with the DHN considering the FDR of electric and thermal loads is established based on the supply and demand sides. The result shows that the proposed model makes full use of the complementary characteristics of electric and thermal loads in different districts. It realizes the coordinated distribution of thermal energy among different districts and improves the efficiency of thermal energy utilization through the DHN. FDR effectively reduces the peak-valley difference of loads. It further reduces the total operating cost by the coordinated operation of the DHN and multi-district IES.
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4

Masaev, S. Kh, U. Kh Makaev, and M. V. Debiev. "The basic stages of improving the power grid complex functioning of the Chechen Republic." Power engineering: research, equipment, technology 22, no. 4 (November 15, 2020): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.30724/1998-9903-2020-22-4-43-53.

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Анотація:
The article considers the state of the electric power industry functioning of the Chechen Republic. Comparative data on the reception in the network and useful electricity supply of the Chechen Republic in recent years are presented. The total transformer capacity structure of all substations, as well as the power lines total length of Chechenenergo JSC, is considered. The main electric power industry problems of the Chechen power system, which are the lack of own generating capacities, the transformer capacities shortage of substations 110 and 35 kV and the main production assets high level wear of the electric grid economy, are studied. The tasks to reduce the Chechen energy system electric energy losses are considered. The values and causes of the electric energy losses in different district electric networks (RES) of JSC "Chechenenergo" are determined. A comparative analysis of the electrical energy losses in recent years has been performed. Issues related to reactive power in electrical networks are considered. An analysis was carried out to determine the reactive power values in different district electric networks of Chechenenergo JSC. Measures are proposed that contribute to the reactive power normalization and the improvement of technical and economic indicators in electric networks. The networks electrical circuits improvement analysis was carried out to ensure the power supply stability and reliability to consumers in the republic. The production process control system and diagnostics is proposed, which will allow to regulate and coordinate the activities to manage the technical condition, as well as the power system reliability.
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5

Eremin, Anton, Konstantin Trubitsyn, Sergey Kolesnikov, Igor Kudinov, and Vasily Tkachev. "Computer models of hydraulic systems of district heating." MATEC Web of Conferences 193 (2018): 02028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819302028.

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Анотація:
A mathematical and computer model of a district heating network fed by two heat sources located at significantly different elevation marks has been developed. The model is based on the electrohydraulic analogy of electric current spread in conductors and liquid pressure spread in pipelines, which are described by the same equations. In particular, the first and second Kirchhoff’s laws used in the calculation of electrical networks are applied to calculate the velocities and pressures in a complex multi-ring pipeline system. In order to maximize the approximation of the computer model to the real hydraulic network (in resistance to the process of heating agent flow), the method of automatic identification of the model is applied. This method is an iterative process of changing the hydraulic resistances in pipelines of the model in such a way that the results obtained from the calculations would have the least differences from the experimental data. The accuracy of identification depending on the number of points with known experimental data is 3 – 5%.
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6

Khomutov, Stanislav O., and Nikolay A. Serebryakov. "Creation of a short-term load forecasting neural network model of electrical engineering complex of section regional electric grid 6-35 kV." Transportation Systems and Technology 6, no. 1 (March 30, 2020): 80–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/transsyst20206180-91.

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Анотація:
Aim: Is developing of short-term load forecasting math model of the electrical engineering complex of the district regional electric grid 6-35 kV with the use of artificial neural networks. Methods: The tools of regression analysis and deep machine learning were used in the work. Results: The neural network model for short-term load forecasting of the electrical engineering complex of section regional electric grid 6-35 kV, which considered factors of time, meteorological conditions, disconnections of individual power transmission lines, the operation mode of electricity consumers with a capacity of over 670 kW, the fact of the availability of central heating and water supply, has been obtained. Conclusion: The developed neural network math model reduces the problem of short-term load forecasting to the search of matrix free coefficients through training on the available statistical data.
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7

Nikitin, Ye Ye, and O. V. Dutka. "TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF COMBINED DISTRICT HEATING WITH LOCAL HEAT SOURCE FOR DISTRICT HOT WATER." Energy Technologies & Resource Saving, no. 1 (March 20, 2020): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.33070/etars.1.2020.4.

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Анотація:
The scheme of combined district heating systems is used, in which centralized heating is used for heating and local heat source is used for hot water supply. A mathematical model has been developed that allows to perform a comparative analysis of the technical and economic characteristics of two scenarios of modernization of the heat supply system: replacement of boilers, heat networks and pumps while using the traditional hot water supply scheme, and replacement of these elements in combination with the installation of a local hot water supply source that provides the hot water supply. hot water by means of a local heat network whose length is substantially smaller than the existing one. Electric heaters and solar collectors with electric heating are proposed as local heat sources. The advantages of combined district heating schemes on the planning horizon of 10 years are shown. The analysis of the influence of various factors on the advantage of the combined scheme of district heating is performed. The developed model can be used for preparation of feasibility studies of projects of energy efficient modernization of district heating systems. Ref. 4, Fig. 7, Tab. 1.
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8

Balzamov, D. S., V. V. Bronskaya, A. A. Lubnina, Ch B. Minnegalieva, L. E. Khairullina, G. Z. Khabibullina, T. V. Ignashina, and O. S. Kharitonova. "Improving the reliability of the energy supply to the district boiler house." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2094, no. 5 (November 1, 2021): 052033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2094/5/052033.

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Abstract Currently, measures are being worked out at generation facilities, in particular at district boiler houses, the implementation of which will increase the reliability of both individual elements of the system and the entire energy supply system as a whole, improve its technical and economic indicators, and achieve the target financial indices of the enterprise. As one of such measures, the article considers the ways of organizing a mini-TPP (thermal power plant) on the example of a large district boiler house for the purpose of energy supply for their own needs. This solution will increase the energy independence of the boiler house from the external network, reduce the cost of electricity consumption. The paper presents the results of a technical and economic analysis of options for organizing own generation, taking into account the actual operating conditions of the boiler house, linking the mini-TPP to the existing communications of boiler house, the impact of the joint operation of the mini-TPP and the boiler house on the sanitary zone. Based on the analysis of the loading graphs of the electric equipment of the boiler house, the required capacity of the gas engine generator plant and the place of its installation on the production site are determined. The operation of the gas engine generator plant involves the production of electric energy only for its own needs without issuing it to an external electrical network, in connection with which an automation system is provided that does not allow electricity to be issued to an external network. This restriction is related to the requirements of the technical specifications of the electric grid company.
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9

Xu, Feng, Yuanchao Tao, Peng Qiu, Chao Ding, Yi Lu, Lebing Zhao, and Hongpei Qin. "Optimal operation of district heat-electric system considering multi-energy flexibility." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 983, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 012024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/983/1/012024.

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Анотація:
Abstract With increasingly integration of the renewable energy, various uncertainties bring a severe challenge to the operation of the district heat-electric system (DHES). In order to enlarge the accommodation of renewable energy, this paper proposes an optimal operation method of integrated electricity and heat system considering the temporal-coupling feature of multi-energy flexibility. Firstly, the models of multi-energy devices are established to describe the energy conversion. The time delay of heat network is considered and the model of DHES is built as well. Then, considering the uncertainty of load, the time-related upward and downward flexibility constraints are established. The objective function of the optimal economic operation problem is formulated as three parts, including the purchasing price, the operation price, and the curtailment penalty of PV. Finally, a case study based on the IEEE 33-bus power distribution grid and 6-node district heating network is conducted to validate the effectiveness of the method.
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10

Onohaebi, S. O., and S. T. Apeh. "Electricity Network Planning: The Key to Efficient and Reliable Power Supply to Consumers." Advanced Materials Research 62-64 (February 2009): 172–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.62-64.172.

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Анотація:
This paper focuses on the need and procedure for the planning of electrical engineering infrastructure for any district/community in order to enhance reliability and efficiency of power supply to consumers. Almost all the towns/cities in Nigeria are unplanned and this has resulted in haphazard approach to Electricity Network Planning and implementation. A detailed theory, methodology and technical considerations, in compliance with both National and International standards are discussed in this paper. A proposed University campus was used to demonstrate the procedures involved in electricity network planning in order to achieve an efficient power supply. This involves the electric power supply, design concepts, load estimates and analysis, network distribution/equipment and sizing of cables and electrical panels taking into account the various modes of distribution. This paper also drew a simple analogy between Benin City and the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, to illustrate the objective of the paper while highlighting the merits associated with planned electrical engineering infrastructure and suggested the ways to remedy the unplanned networks in Nigeria.
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Дисертації з теми "District electric network"

1

Заболотній, Денис Ігорович. "Методи виявлення ферорезонансних процесів в електричних мережах з великими струмами замикання на землю". Master's thesis, КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського, 2019. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/31661.

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Магістерська дисертація складається з пояснювальної записки та графічної частини. Пояснювальна записка виконана на 216 сторінках формату А4, в яку входять 87 таблиць та 75 рисунків. Графічна частина містить 8 аркушів технічних креслень формату А1. В магістерській дисертації виконано проект районної електричної мережі напругою 110 кВ та електричної частини підстанції 110/35/10 кВ. Розроблено стартап-проект, розглянуто питання релейного захисту та охорони праці. Досліджено застосування ферорезонансних процесів.
The master's dissertation consists of an explanatory note and a graphic part. The explanatory note is made on page 216 of A4 format, which includes 87 chart and 75 figures. The graphic part contains 8 sheets or technical drawings of A1 format. In the master's thesis the project of the district electric network 110 kV and the electrical part of the substation 110/35/10 kV was executed. A startup project has been developed, issues of relay protection and labor protection have been considered. The application of ferroresonance processes is investigated.
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2

Пізнак, Василь Васильович. "Аналіз режимів роботи районної електричної мережі 110 кВ з врахуванням впливу несиметричних джерел спотворення". Bachelor's thesis, КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського, 2019. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/28429.

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В даному бакалаврському проекті розглянуто варіант побудови та розрахунок режимів роботи районної електричної мережі напругою 110 кВ за наявності в ній пункту генерації. Бакалаврський проект включає в себе наступні розділи: вибір числа, потужності та типу трансформаторів на підстанціях, вибір оптимальних перерізів ліній електропередачі. Був проведений розрахунок максимального та аварійного режимів роботи електричної мережі, а також були розглянуті варіанти регулювання напруги на сторонах середньої і низької напруги. Бакалаврський проект містить пояснювальну записку та графічну частину, яка складається з 3 креслень.
In this bachelor project was considered the variant of construction and calculation of operation modes of regional electric power network of the voltage of 110 kV with the presence of generation point in it. The bachelor project includes the following parts: the choice of the number, power and type of transformers at the substations, the choice of optimal cross sections of the transmission lines. The calculation of the maximum and emergency operation modes of the electrical network was carried out, as well as variants of voltage regulation on the sides of medium and low voltage were considered. The bachelor project includes an explanatory note and a graphic part consisting of 3 drawings.
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3

Gardner, Tamara Marie. "School web sites: Are they effective at communicating to the public or just the newest trend?" CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1999. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1647.

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4

Votočková, Marie. "Vliv informačních technologií v Krajské vědecké knihovně v Liberci." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-309312.

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(English) The thesis examines the influence of information and communication technologies on the automation of library management processes and services as well as their applications, with a key consideration of the environment of the District Scientific Library of the city of Liberec. The introductory chapters briefly describe the development of basic international standards for data processing and communication networks in the world. The following chapters deal with the implementation of automated library management systems and networks in the Czech Republic in the early '90s, including accompanying projects that formed an inseparable part of the development. The development of automated library management processes and services in the District Research Library of the city of Liberec from the 90s till the end of 2010 becomes the core subject hereby examined. This is closely related to the parameters of the selection and application of the library management system, including the specific features thereof, as well as its internal utilization by librarians and its utilization by external users. The external use of the library management system has been evaluated through a survey of the use of online information sources and services sought by and provided to registered users. Taking into account the...
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Книги з теми "District electric network"

1

Bartels, Michael. Cost efficient expansion of district heat networks in Germany. München: Oldenbourg Industrieverlag, 2009.

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2

Cost efficient expansion of district heat networks in Germany. München: Oldenbourg Industrieverlag, 2009.

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3

Office, General Accounting. Information security: Weak controls place DC Highway Trust Fund and other data at risk : report to the Mayor of the District of Columbia. Washington, D.C: The Office, 2001.

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4

Office, General Accounting. Information security: Fundamental weaknesses place EPA data and operations at risk : report to the Chairman, Committee on Commerce, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C: The Office, 2000.

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5

Office, General Accounting. Information security: Serious and widespread weaknesses persist at federal agencies : report to the Chairman, Subcommittee on Government Management, Information, and Technology, Committee on Government Reform, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C: The Office, 2000.

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6

Office, General Accounting. Information security: Weak controls place Interior's financial and other data at risk : report to the Secretary of the Interior. Washington, D.C: The Office, 2001.

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7

Office, General Accounting. Information security: Advances and remaining challenges to adoption of public key infrastructure technology : report to the Chairman, Subcommittee on Government Efficiency, Financial Management and Intergovernmental Relations, Committee on Government Reform, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C: The Office, 2001.

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8

Office, General Accounting. Information security: Safeguarding of data in excessed Department of Energy computers : report to the Chairman, Committee on Science, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington 20013): U.S. General Accounting Office, 2001.

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9

Office, General Accounting. Information security: Further efforts needed to address serious weaknesses at USDA : report to congressional requesters. Washington, D.C: United States General Accounting Office, 2004.

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10

Office, General Accounting. Information security: Serious weaknesses place critical federal operations and assets at risk : report to the Committee on Governmental Affairs, U.S. Senate. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington, D.C. 20013): The Office, 1998.

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Частини книг з теми "District electric network"

1

Gorges, Tobias, Claudia Weißmann, and Sebastian Bothor. "Small Electric Vehicles (SEV)—Impacts of an Increasing SEV Fleet on the Electric Load and Grid." In Small Electric Vehicles, 115–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65843-4_9.

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AbstractHeading towards climate neutrality, the electrification of the transport sector has significant impact on the electric grid infrastructure. Among other vehicles, the increasing number of new technologies, mobility offers, and services has an impact on the grid infrastructure. The purpose of this case study therefore is to examine and highlight the small electric vehicle (SEV) impact on the electric load and grid. A data-based analysis model with high charging demand in an energy network is developed that includes renewable energy production and a charging process of a whole SEV fleet during the daily electricity demand peak for the city of Stuttgart (Germany). Key figures are gathered and analysed from official statistics and open data sources. The resulting load increase due to the SEV development is determined and the impact on the electric grid in comparison to battery electric vehicles (BEV) is assessed for two district types. The case study shows that if SEVs replace BEVs, the effects on the grid peak load are considered significant. However, the implementation of a load management system may have an even higher influence on peak load reduction. Finally, recommendations for the future national and international development of SEV fleets are summarized.
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2

Zhang, Li, Qi Shen, and Zhen-lian Shi. "Architecture of the Virtual District Platform in Broadcast Network Foundation Scene." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 212–18. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-2386-6_28.

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3

Chen, Pin-Liang, Ping-Che Yang, and Tsun Ku. "Social Network and Consumer Behavior Analysis: A Case Study in the Shopping District." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 879–90. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3187-8_84.

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4

Min, Xiaodan, Xiangyang Rong, Pengfei Si, Hai Liu, and Lijun Shi. "The Secondary Ring-Shaped Pipe Network Optimization Design of a District Cooling Project in Chongqing." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 85–92. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39581-9_9.

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5

Colarossi, Daniele, and Paolo Principi. "Feasibility study of a cold ironing system and district heating in port area." In Proceedings e report, 666–75. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-147-1.66.

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Cold ironing is a technology to reduce polluting emissions covering the energy demand of berthed ships in port to shut down their auxiliary engines. A feasibility study for the port of Ancona is proposed. A cogeneration plant provides electricity to ships, and the recovered heat waste is used in a district heating network. Results show that a 1.5MW and 2MW cogenerator covers 83% and 92% of the electrical need of ships respectively, and 61% and 74% of the thermal need of the involved buildings over the analysed period. The scenarios have been economically evaluated and prove to be feasible.
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6

Walker, Barbara, and Evelyn Posey. "Digital El Paso." In Social and Economic Effects of Community Wireless Networks and Infrastructures, 94–111. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2997-4.ch006.

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The Digital El Paso (DEP) community wireless network was deployed as a public-private business model to achieve digital inclusion, sustain economic development, and enhance government and public services. The design, implementation, and funding of DEP were achieved through the collaboration of local businesses, core community members, non-profit organizations, academic institutions, and government entities. In particular, Cisco Systems, Inc. provided design and planning support to complement Intel Corporation’s seed funding for the site survey. El Paso County, the City of El Paso, El Paso Independent School District, the Housing Authority of the City of El Paso, and El Paso Electric provided equipment and services. The purpose of DEP is to provide wireless Internet access to achieve social inclusion and economic development. DEP’s main challenges include lack of funds, limited user acceptance, and insufficient user training. The policy implication is that leveraging public/private partnerships enhances collaboration and increases the chances of success of community wireless networks. A family-centric approach to drive the adoption of these emerging networks and increase bandwidth utilization, particularly in rural and underserved communities is also recommended.
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7

Meghanathan, Natarajan. "Centrality Analysis of the United States Network Graph." In Advances in Computer and Electrical Engineering, 312–23. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7598-6.ch023.

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The authors model the contiguous states (48 states and the District of Columbia) of the United States (US) as an undirected network graph with each state represented as a node and there is an edge between two nodes if the corresponding two states share a common border. They determine a ranking of the states in the US with respect to the four commonly studied centrality metrics: degree, eigenvector, betweenness, and closeness. They observe the states of Missouri and Maine to be, respectively, the most central state and the least central state with respect to all the four centrality metrics. The degree distribution is bi-modal Poisson. The eigenvector and closeness centralities also exhibit Poisson distribution, while the betweenness centrality exhibits power-law distribution. The authors observe a higher correlation in the ranking of vertices based on the degree centrality and betweenness centrality.
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8

Goldstein, Inge F., and Martin Goldstein. "Asthma, Allergy, and Air Pollution." In How Much Risk? Oxford University Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195139945.003.0014.

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One night in early October 1997, Felipe G., a nine-year-old child of Dominican immigrants to New York City living in East Harlem, woke up struggling for breath. Felipe had had asthma attacks before, and his parents knew, or thought they knew, what to do: they called for an ambulance, which rushed him to the emergency room of Harlem Hospital nearby. But this time he stopped breathing on the way to the hospital, and could not be revived there. His younger sister Ana also has asthma, but so far has never had to go to the emergency room. The tenement building in which Felipe’s family lives is three blocks from the Harlem River Drive, a highway on which thousands of cars travel each workday, emitting, in spite of their catalytic converters, large quantities of oxides of nitrogen, carbon monoxide, and incompletely combusted gasoline. Several blocks north is a parking garage for the diesel trucks of the New York City Department of Sanitation. The drivers of the trucks that use the lot often keep their motors idling, so that great quantities of diesel exhaust particles are emitted to the surrounding area. The Harlem district of New York City, inhabited mainly by African-Americans and Hispanics, is shielded to a large extent from the prevailing west winds by higher areas on the west side of Manhattan. Hence, air pollution produced within Harlem—for example, by cars, diesel trucks, and buses, and by an electric power generating plant located there—tends to remain longer than in other areas of the city. The New York City Department of Environmental Protection operated a network of air monitoring stations from the 1940s to the 1970s, during which time Harlem was consistently found to be the most polluted area in the city. It had then, and still has, one of the highest rates of hospitalization for asthma in the city. In most countries, asthma is more common among children of higher social class. In the United States this pattern is reversed: people living in the inner cities of the United States, mostly low-income minorities, have higher rates of asthma than other Americans.
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9

Kethers, Stefanie, Guenter Gans, Dominik Schmitz, and David Sier. "Investing Trust Relationships in a Healthcare Network." In Handbook of Research on Advances in Health Informatics and Electronic Healthcare Applications, 205–20. IGI Global, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-030-1.ch013.

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Public hospitals currently face an ever increasing demand on their resources, and there are many attempts at streamlining processes and patient flows. However, in many cases, optimizing processes is not enough, as ‘soft’ factors such as the relationships between hospital wards influence how efficiently the resources needed to treat patients are utilized. These factors are often ignored when attempting to improve patient flows. In this chapter, the authors describe a case study investigating the relationships between an acute stroke ward and a specialist stroke rehabilitation ward of a large metropolitan health service. The motivation for this study was the hospital management’s interest in improving communication and collaboration across wards as a means to optimize hospital processes, and thus, patient care. To assess the relationships between the two wards, the authors examined the patient handover process that links the wards’ activities and applied the Trust-Confidence-Distrust (TCD) framework of Gans et al. (2003), which was developed to model trust relationships in social networks, to examine the trust relationships between the wards.
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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "District electric network"

1

Paudel, Amrit, Wannakorn Supingklad, and Weerakorn Ongsakul. "Distribution network reconfiguration to support electric vehicles integration." In 2016 International Conference on Cogeneration, Small Power Plants and District Energy (ICUE). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cogen.2016.7728975.

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2

Paudel, Amrit, Wannakorn Supingklad, and Weerakorn Ongsakul. "Optimal scheduling of active distribution network with electric vehicles." In 2016 International Conference on Cogeneration, Small Power Plants and District Energy (ICUE). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cogen.2016.7728974.

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3

Tang, Xing, Lin Lv, Youbo Liu, Yue Xiang, and Lingzhu Zhang. "Researches on Electric Vehicles Access in Demonstration District Considering Network Losses." In 2012 IEEE PES Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference (APPEEC). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/appeec.2012.6307220.

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4

Han Li, Jingkai Zhu, and Di Zhang. "Research on the strategies of voltage-grading and district-dividing regionalization of the Beijing electric power network." In 2006 China International Conference on Electricity Distribution (CICED 2006). IEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp:20061813.

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5

Ancona, M. A., L. Branchini, A. De Pascale, F. Melino, and B. Di Pietra. "Renewable Energy Systems Integration for Efficiency Improvement of a CHP Unit." In ASME Turbo Expo 2017: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2017-64193.

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In the next years energy grids are expected to become increasingly complex, due to the integration between traditional generators (operating with fossil fuels, especially natural gas), renewable energy production systems and storage devices. Furthermore, the increase of installed distributed generation systems is posing new issues for the existing grids. The integration involves both electric grids and thermal networks, such as district heating networks. In this scenario, it is fundamental to optimize the production mix and the operation of each system, in order to maximize the renewable energies exploitation, minimize the economic costs (in particular the fossil fuel consumption) and the environmental impact. The aim of this paper is the analysis of different solutions in terms of energy generation mix, in order to define the optimal configuration for a given network. With this purpose, in this study a real district heating network served by a combined heat and power unit and four boilers has been considered. The current mode of operation of the selected network has been simulated, in order to individuate eventual criticism and/or improvement possibility. On the basis of the obtained results, several scenarios have been developed by considering the addition of thermal or electric energy production systems from renewable energy sources and/or heat pumps. For a given scenario, a whole year of operation has been simulated with an in-house developed software, called EGO (Energy Grid Optimizer), based on genetic algorithms and able to define the load distribution of a number of energy systems operating into an energy grid, with the aim to minimize the total cost of the energy production. Further considered constraints have been the avoiding of thermal dissipations and the minimization of the electric energy sale to the national grid (in order to increase the grid stability). The carried out analysis has allowed to evaluate the yearly fuel consumption, the yearly electric energy sold to the network and the yearly electric energy purchased from the network, for each of the developed configurations. In this study the obtained results have been discussed in order to compare the proposed scenarios and to define an optimal solution, which enables to reduce the yearly operation costs of the production plant.
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6

Ren, Yijing, Li Zhang, Haibo Wang, and Mengwei Li. "Calculation Method of the Line Loss Rate in Transformer District Based on Neural Network with Optimized Input Variables." In 2020 IEEE Student Conference on Electric Machines and Systems (SCEMS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/scems48876.2020.9352313.

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7

Harvey, Simon. "Performance of a Biomass Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle CHP Plant Supplying Heat to a District Heating Network." In ASME Turbo Expo 2000: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2000-gt-0023.

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This paper examines a Biomass Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (BIGCC) CHP plant using atmospheric air-blown gasification with wet cold gas clean-up and flue gas drying of the biomass feed stream. The plant provides heat and power to a medium sized municipality. The paper presents simulated performance results obtained using GateCycle software, and also presents results for the associated economy and CO2 emissions of the district heating system. The computed production costs of the cogenerated electricity are uncompetitively high, given current conditions in Sweden. In order to become competitive, international consensus must be reached on the level of economic advantage to be attributed to the “green” electric power produced by such a plant. However, likely price incentives for “green” power will probably be insufficient for BIGCC-CHP plants to become economically attractive. Therefore further effort is needed to improve the technology, reduce the investment costs, and identify options for longer annual operating times than those usually adopted for CHP plants coupled to district heating plants.
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8

Smyk, Adam, Józef Portacha, and Jerzy K. Fiszdon. "Thermodynamic Analysis of Various Heat Generation Methods." In ASME 1999 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1999-0878.

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Abstract Various methods of heat generation including cogeneration, district heating, and several types of individual heaters are considered together with a variety of fuels. Performance characteristics for these systems, including fuel use, and thermal and exergetic efficiency are evaluated. Specifically, a complex thermodynamic model of the cogeneration system is presented. In this model the conditions of the surroundings vary with the surroundings temperature. Calculated efficiencies include losses in all components from the sources to the consumer (i.e. in the boiler, the turbine, the heat exchangers, and the whole transmitting network). Exergetic efficiencies vary from as low as 3% for electric heaters to more than 14% for large cogeneration plants. This result places the cogeneration systems as the most effective technology for heating. This technology produces the biggest fuel savings (four times less than for electric heating), and is therefore more environmentally friendly.
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9

Carraretto, Cristian. "The “Virtual Power Plant” Concept: Coordinating the Management of Fuel Cell Clusters." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-13066.

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The fuel cells are interesting energy conversion systems for combined heat and power applications. In particular the proton exchange membrane (PEM) and the solid oxide fuel cells are promising alternatives to other distributed solutions for residential uses. This paper analyzes the feasibility of a fuel cell network in a residential area. A set of fuel cells is installed in different buildings of an urban district, to supply thermal and electric energy to the users. When not required in situ, the electric production of the fuel cells is sold to other neighboring users or traded through the grid. By coordinating the production of the various fuel cells, a sort of "virtual" power plant is hence obtained. Different PEM fuel cells are used here to build the network, extended both to commercial and residential buildings. To investigate the profitability of this solution, a non-linear constrained optimization problem is built. The problem consists in optimizing the power output of each fuel cell over a selected period of time, in order to meet the users' demand and maximize the revenues associated with the trade of the residual production. Preliminary results are discussed for different solutions (fuel cell size, user characteristics, etc.) considering the seasonality of the electric and thermal demands.
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10

Pesendorfer, Benedikt, Edmund Widl, Wolfgang Gawlik, and Rene Hofmann. "Operation of thermal-electric units in integrated electrical distribution and district heating networks." In 2018 International Conference on Smart Energy Systems and Technologies (SEST). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sest.2018.8495870.

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