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Статті в журналах з теми "Diplomazia commerciale"
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Rudi, Fabrizio. "L’ITALIA E IL CONFLITTO DOGANALE AUSTRO-SERBO (1906–1911). PREVISIONI, STRATEGIE, SOLUZIONI." Историјски часопис, no. 71/2022 (December 30, 2022): 471–517. http://dx.doi.org/10.34298/ic2271471r.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Il modo in cui la diplomazia italiana volse la propria attenzione alle due fasi della guerra doganale austro-serba del 1906–1911 è l’oggetto di questo saggio, che si propone una disamina completa e attenta del problema sulla base delle fonti diplomatiche, edite e inedite, italiane e serbe, comparate fra di loro. Grande attenzione verrà poi prestata allo stato dei commerci italo-serbi nella fase più acuta del conflitto doganale, alle modalità con cui il trattato commerciale italo-serbo del 14 gennaio 1907 fu stipulato, a ciò che esso prevedeva e al modo in cui i suoi contenuti abbiano influenzato i negoziati per un nuovo trattato di commercio austro-serbo nel 1910.
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Gunawarman, Irsyad Prabowo, Wisnu Aryo Dewanto, and Suhariwanto Suhariwanto. "Kekebalan Diplomatik dalam Transaksi Komersial." KELUWIH: Jurnal Sosial dan Humaniora 1, no. 2 (October 28, 2020): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24123/soshum.v1i2.3333.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract—Diplomatic immunity and privilege which is arranged in the Vienna Convention 1961 is very important in ensuring the enactment of diplomatic functions in doing the mission. The abuse of immunity and privilege owned by the diplomatic representative often happens. Diplomatic representative abuse their rights in the form of mild violation to heavy crime. There have been cases on the abuse of diplomatic immunity in commercial transaction related to the civil jurisdiction immunity of the country the diplomat assigned in. The landlord in the country who rent their property to the diplomatic representative have become the victim in the abuse of diplomatic immunity. There was a diplomatic representative who refused to pay the rent because of diplomatic immunity reason and eventually managed to escape from the obligation to pay for the commercial transaction due to the protection of the immunity and privilege
Keywords: abuse, diplomatic immunity, commercial transaction
Abstrak—Kekebalan dan keistimewaan diplomatik yang diatur di dalam Konvensi Wina 1961 merupakan hal yang sangat penting untuk menjamin pelaksanaan fungsi diplomat dalam menjalankan misinya. Penyalahgunaan kekebalan dan keistimewaan yang dimiliki perwakilan diplomatik masih sering terjadi. Perwakilan diplomatik menyalahgunakannya dalam bentuk pelanggaran ringan hingga kejahatan yang berat. Dalam perkembangannya, telah terjadi kasus penyalahgunaan kekebalan diplomatik dalam transaksi komersial yang berkaitan dengan kekebalan yurisdiksi sipil negara penerima. Para tuan tanah dari negara penerima yang menyewakan propertinya kepada perwakilan diplomatik menjadi korban dalam penyalahgunaan kekebalan diplomatik. Ada perwakilan diplomatik yang menolak membayar biaya sewa dengan alasan kekebalan diplomatik yang pada akhirnya lolos dari kewajibannya untuk membayar transaksi komersial karena berlindung pada kekebalan dan keistimewaan yang dimilikinya
Kata kunci: penyalahgunaan, kekebalan diplomatik, transaksi komersial
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Tobing, Fredy B. L., and Asra Virgianita. "Functional multi-track and multilevel economic diplomacy to strengthen trade relations between Indonesia, Chile, and Peru." Regions and Cohesion 10, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 88–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/reco.2020.100106.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
English abstract: This article analyzes the causes of low trade relations between Indonesia and Latin American states, arguing that dynamics of international political economy have opened opportunities to increase trade relations between those countries. Having good diplomatic and political relations with similar emerging economies, like Peru and Chile, should drive closer economic relations among them. A qualitative study was conducted using literature reviews, archival analysis, and in-depth interviews. Political will and lack of knowledge pertaining to the business character of each country hamper external relations. Thus, a functional multi-track diplomacy that incorporates state and non-state actors from various fields is crucial for enhancing economic relations among these countries. Trade relations can be particularly strengthened by maximizing cooperation among actors at various levels.Spanish abstract: Este artículo analiza las débiles relaciones comerciales entre Indonesia y América Latina, argumentando que la dinámica de la economía política abre oportunidades para mejorar estas relaciones. Las buenas relaciones diplomáticas y políticas entre Perú y Chile, debería estrechar sus relaciones económicas. Pero la escasa voluntad política y falta de conocimiento del carácter empresarial de cada país, obstaculizan sus relaciones externas. La investigación incluyó revisión de literatura, análisis de archivos y entrevistas en profundidad. Los resultados subrayan la necesidad de una diplomacia funcional de múltiples rutas que incorpore instituciones estatales y no estatales de diversos campos para mejorar las relaciones económicas. Las relaciones comerciales particularmente pueden fortalecerse entre países maximizando su recíproca cooperación en cada nivel (diplomacia multinivel).French abstract: Cet article analyse les causes de la faiblesse des relations commerciales entre l’Indonésie et les pays d’Amérique latine en faisant valoir que la dynamique de l’économie politique internationale a ouvert des opportunités pour stimuler les relations commerciales entre ces pays. Cette étude qualitative a été menée sur la base d’une étude de la littérature existante, d’analyses archivistiques et d’entretiens approfondis. Le manque de volonté politique et surtout de connaissances réciproques des atouts commerciaux de ces pays entravent leurs relations extérieures. Ainsi, une diplomatie fonctionnelle à plusieurs voies qui intègre des diplomaties étatiques et non-étatiques dans divers domaines est-elle cruciale pour améliorer leurs relations économiques. Les relations commerciales peuvent notamment être renforcées en maximisant la coopération entre ces pays à chaque niveau (diplomatie multi-niveaux).
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Cross, Elizabeth. "India and the Compagnie des Indes in the Age of the French Revolution." French Historical Studies 44, no. 3 (August 1, 2021): 455–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00161071-9004979.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract This article examines the global history of the Age of Revolution through the lens of the Nouvelle Compagnie des Indes (1785–94). Established in the aftermath of the American Revolution, the company was not only a commercial entity but also an integral part of a diplomatic strategy for reestablishing the postwar Franco-British relationship. The geopolitical context of the Indian Ocean world forced French political and commercial actors to imagine forms of imperial and commercial power that frequently placed French interests under British protection, often in ways that provoked significant opposition in the metropole. Amid ideologies of competition, Anglophobia, and militarism, the case of the Nouvelle Compagnie des Indes reveals how both state and private actors struggled to promote wide-ranging commercial collaboration between France and Britain in the 1780s and 1790s in ways that often anticipated later partnerships between the two empires. Cet article examine l'histoire globale de l’ère de la Révolution française à travers le prisme de la Nouvelle Compagnie des Indes (1785–94). Etablie après la guerre d'indépendance américaine, la compagnie n’était pas seulement une entité commerciale, mais une partie intégrante d'une stratégie diplomatique pour rétablir les relations franco-britanniques. Le contexte géopolitique de l'océan Indien exigeait que les acteurs politiques et commerciaux français imaginent de nouvelles formes de pouvoir impérial et commercial. Celles-ci plaçaient fréquemment les intérêts français sous la protection britannique, souvent d'une manière qui provoquait de fortes résistances dans la métropole. Dans un contexte idéologique de compétition, d'anglophobie et de militarisme, le cas de la Nouvelle Compagnie des Indes révèle que des acteurs aussi bien étatiques que privés essayaient de promouvoir une vaste collaboration commerciale entre la France et la Grande-Bretagne dans les années 1780 et 1790, en anticipant souvent les partenariats ultérieurs entre les deux empires.
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Lee, Donna, and David Hudson. "The old and new significance of political economy in diplomacy." Review of International Studies 30, no. 3 (July 2004): 343–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210504006102.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In a growing number of countries diplomatic systems are being overhauled so that the commercial activities of diplomatic services have been centralised, the commercial activities of diplomats have been extended, and business interests have been formally integrated within diplomatic systems. These changes result directly from the tendency of governments to reorganise, and in many cases merge, their trade and foreign ministries, as well as the strategy of building formal business–government links within diplomatic institutions. While none of these features is unfamiliar to previous diplomatic systems, what is exceptional is the relative neglect of the commercial aspects of diplomacy within diplomatic studies. This lack of attention to the commercial and business elements of diplomacy in traditional theories of diplomacy means that we find ourselves trying to analyse contemporary changes to diplomatic organisation and practice without a suitable conceptual and analytical framework. Highlighting the significance of a political economy approach to diplomacy, and also engaging with orthodox approaches to diplomacy, this article begins to develop some analytical and conceptual tools to better identify, explain and understand changes in diplomatic systems as well as the increased influence of private interests in diplomatic practice now under way.
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Grant, Jonathan. "The Bukharans: A Dynastic, Diplomatic and Commercial History, 1550–1702." History: Reviews of New Books 26, no. 3 (April 1998): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03612759.1998.10528147.
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Becker, Seymour, and Audrey Burton. "The Bukharans: A Dynastic, Diplomatic and Commercial History, 1550-1702." American Historical Review 104, no. 4 (October 1999): 1280. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2649602.
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Amirbekova, Aigul, Fariza Ismailova, Kalbike Yessenova, Gauhar Yersultanova та Guldariga Kenzhebaeva. "2013 Favorite Subscription 2022 PhS Library Issue 5 (june) PhS Library Issue 4 (april) PhS Library Issue 3 (february) PhS Library Issue 2 (december) You are here Home » Archive » 2022 ISSUE No 6 (November) Добавить статью GENERAL AND APPLIED LINGUISTICS Category functions in the process of recategorization Ch.G. Gogichev Pages: 3..11 DOI: 10.20339/PhS.6-22.003 1 Правка The mechanisms of deviation from norms in computer-mediated communication I.G. Ovchinnikova, L.L. Cherepanova Pages: 12..20 DOI: 10.20339/PhS.6-22.012 1 Правка Influence of national characteristics on the formation of conceptual structure of diplomatic style". Philological Sciences. Scientific Essays of Higher Education, № 6 (листопад 2022): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.20339/phs.6-22.021.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of the article is to form a conceptual structure of the diplomatic style. The diplomatic style is not diplomatic discourse. Both are two different categories. The parameters of diplomatic communication for modern society differ in style. Diplomacy is a diplomatic tactic not only in relations between states but also in the management of social groups and interpersonal relations. Successful diplomatic communication requires effective strategy and tactical skills. Because diplomatic communication is a socio-political relationship, it has a style. The article presents a conceptual structure typical of the diplomatic style. First, the stylistic structure of the diplomatic language was determined, gestures and facial expressions used in diplomatic relations were analyzed. Types of negotiations, the characteristics of a diplomat — the characteristics of a leader were identified. The etiquette of diplomatic speech was defined. The etiquette of diplomatic uniforms has been clarified. All this proved to be a conceptual structure of diplomatic style. Diplomacy of agreement and compromise is not only a peacemaker but also a commercial interest, an invitation to trade, publication, distribution.
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Nur Heriyanto, Dodik Setiawan. "The Use of Immunity Doctrine in Commercial Activities in Mesopotamia and Ancient Greece." Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 6, s2 (July 1, 2017): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ajis-2018-0033.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract This study traces the history of the formation of immunities concept and its application in commercial activities in ancient Mesopotamia and Greece. The doctrine of immunity is discussed based on the historical process starting from the myth, concept, and its implementation in the commercial/trade activities. By using historical approach, this study shows that in Mesopotamia and Greece, traders or merchants enjoyed absolute immunity due to their position as the representative of their King or polis in which their commercial acts and diplomatic mission were combined. In Mesopotamia, merchants enjoyed the full confidence of the King, and one would not be wrong to suppose that in such enterprises commercial activity and diplomatic mission were combined. Compared to the Mesopotamian practices that granted all traders with the status of immunity from public obligations, in ancient Greece only traders with honorific conditions could enjoy the status of proxenos.
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Park, Bokyeong, and Hongshik Lee. "Motivations for Bilateral Aid Allocation in Korea: Humanitarian, Commercial, or Diplomatic?" Asian Economic Papers 14, no. 1 (January 2015): 180–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/asep_a_00335.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study investigates Korea's motivations for foreign aid allocation, analyzing panel data from over 180 countries for the last 20 years. The results show that Korea's aid allocation reflects both recipient needs and Korea's own national interests but does not consistently consider aid effectiveness. Korean aid is also characterized by its use as an instrument of both summit diplomacy and resource security. In addition, its commercial motivations appear to have shifted over time, from export promotion to overseas investment support. Despite internal and external pressures, there is no obvious evidence that Korea's allocation rule converges with international guidelines that recommend greater consideration of recipient needs and aid effectiveness and less consideration of donor interests.
Дисертації з теми "Diplomazia commerciale"
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CANSELLA, ILARIA. "Il ritorno dell'Italia in Africa. Affari e cooperazione fra anni Cinquanta e Sessanta." Doctoral thesis, Università di Siena, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11365/1039534.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
La ricerca si è posta come fine lo studio delle politiche di sviluppo dell’Italia in Africa e la loro evoluzione a cavallo fra gli anni Cinquanta e Sessanta. La tesi ricostruisce quindi gli aspetti principali, anche a livello normativo, di quel decennio di incerta sperimentazione nell’assistenza, che precedette in Italia l’avvio di una vera e propria politica di cooperazione allo sviluppo. Analizzando l’evoluzione delle relazioni postcoloniali attraverso le politiche degli aiuti e mettendo a fuoco i moventi, gli esiti e le prospettive delle politiche di assistenza italiane nel continente africano, si è tentato poi di comprendere come e in che momenti la cooperazione italiana abbia portato con sé il ribaltamento della prospettiva coloniale e si è affrontato il tema della permanenza della cultura coloniale nel contesto del dopoguerra in Italia.
Nel tentativo di portare alla luce discontinuità e persistenze dei rapporti italiani con l’Africa, ci si è interrogati su come le valutazioni italiane sugli obiettivi da raggiungere nell’azione in Africa e sul modo di perseguirli mutino nel tempo e su quanto questo cambiamento sia derivato da un consapevole e condiviso progetto politico, gestito all’interno delle strutture dello Stato da uno specifico gruppo di “esperti” di questioni africane e influenzato più o meno da altri attori, dall’azione dei partiti politici, dai gruppi economici e dalla stessa società civile. È stata applicata allo scopo una nozione di cooperazione la più ampia possibile, che comprende quindi non solo i veri e propri aiuti, ma anche i diversi piani d’azione paralleli: l’ambito politico-diplomatico in primo luogo, ma anche quello della diplomazia commerciale e dei contatti culturali.
La vastità delle aree di interesse della politica italiana verso l’Africa in quegli anni ha imposto la necessità di ridurre il campo di indagine, selezionando alcuni paesi da analizzare più in dettaglio per chiarirne i rapporti con l’Italia. La scelta di un approccio comparativo, del resto, ha dato respiro a tutta l’indagine, permettendo di fornire una panoramica completa del modus operandi dell’Italia in Africa attraverso i quattro case studies individuati, ovvero la Somalia, la Libia, la Tunisia e il Sudan; contesti in cui si possono rintracciare peculiarità interessanti per ciò che concerne la situazione pregressa dell’influenza italiana, la presenza di gruppi di pressione locale ed esterni diversificati per ruolo e grado di interesse, la metodologia cooperativa.
Essendo il tema quasi completamente inevaso dalla storiografia, la tesi si appoggia abbondantemente su fonti d’archivio, ovvero sommariamente: per la ricostruzione della normativa si è fatto riferimento agli Atti parlamentari dalla I alla V legislatura (con specifica attenzione per le discussioni all’interno della Commissione III per gli Affari Esteri); per il piano d’azione politico-diplomatico, alle carte dell’Ufficio III della Direzione Generale Affari Politici del MAE; per la diplomazia commerciale, all’archivio della Direzione Generale Sviluppo e Scambi del Ministero per il Commercio Estero; per la più ampia ricostruzione delle complesse reti di relazioni fra la politica e tutto quel mondo “africano” che in Italia di quei temi continua a occuparsi anche dopo la perdita delle colonie, si sono visionati gli archivi privati di due personalità democristiane direttamente coinvolte nel processo di ridefinizione dei rapporti italiani con l’Africa postcoloniale, ovvero l’Archivio Brusasca e l’Archivio Vedovato.The aim of this study is to investigate Italy’s development cooperation policies and their evolution in Africa between the 1950s and the 1960s. Therefore, the report retraces Italian main approaches – also from the regulatory point of view – adopted in that decade of tentative help actions which preceded a real cooperation. The analyse of postcolonial relationships evolution by such support policies, and the focus on motives, results and prospects of Italian assistance to Africa try to understand how and when such a behaviour brought about the reversal of the country’s colonial attitude, and to verify the permanence of a colonial culture in Italy during the postwar period.
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Berhrmann, Thomas. "Herrscher und Hansestädte : Studien zum diplomatischen Verkehr im Spätmittelalter /." Hamburg : J. Kovač, 2004. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb391331294.
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Aksahin, Sibel. "La diplomatie commerciale de la Turquie : aspects juridiques." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB139.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
La Turquie, comme de nombreux pays, a pris conscience de l'importance de mettre en œuvre une diplomatie commerciale active. Cette thèse se donne pour objectif d'analyser les aspects juridiques de la diplomatie commerciale turque. Une réflexion est menée sur le concept même de la diplomatie commerciale dont il n'existe pas de définition faisant l'unanimité. Dans le cadre de l'étude des fondements de la diplomatie commerciale de la Turquie, l'histoire de cette diplomatie est analysée dans un premier temps, suivie de l'étude de sa législation, sans délaisser l'analyse des institutions et des acteurs turcs qui interviennent dans son élaboration. La thèse comporte également une réflexion sur l'intégration de la Turquie dans l'économie mondiale. Cette réflexion s'articule essentiellement autour de l'étude des aspects multilatéraux et plurilatéraux, mais également régionaux et bilatéraux de la diplomatie commerciale turque. Les différents axes de la diplomatie commerciale de la Turquie ont été sensiblement renforcés depuis l'arrivée au pouvoir du gouvernement AKP en 2002, grâce notamment à la politique étrangère active mise en œuvre sous l'impulsion du stratège de la diplomatie, l'ancien Ministre des Affaires Étrangères et l'actuel Premier Ministre, Ahmet Davutoglu. Ces évolutions ont permis à la Turquie de gagner en visibilité sur la scène internationale aussi bien sur le plan politique que commerciale. En effet, ce grand pays de 77 millions d'habitants, situé à la périphérie du continent européen, qui s'est fait discret durant une longue période, a commencé, et ce depuis plus d'une décennie, à faire parler d'elle. Les résultats économiques que la Turquie a obtenus en 2007 et 2008 ont été qualifiés de «miracle», notamment en comparaison avec la majorité des pays européens ayant été frappés par le ralentissement consécutif à la crise mondiale. Les années qui ont suivi ont cependant montré que cet élan a tendance à s'essoufflerTurkey, like many countries, has recognized the importance of implementing an active commercial diplomacy. This thesis has the objective to analyze the legal aspects of the Turkish commercial diplomacy. A study is conducted on the very concept of commercial diplomacy which there is no definition-consensus. As part of the study of the fundamentals of commercial diplomacy of Turkey, the history of that diplomacy is analyzed at first, followed by the study of its legislation, without neglecting the analysis of institutions and Turkish actors involved in its development. This thesis also includes a reflection on the integration of Turkey into the global economy. This reflection is essentially based around the study of multilateral and plurilateral aspects but also regional and bilateral aspects of the Turkish commercial diplomacy. The various axes of Turkey's commercial diplomacy was significantly strengthened since the AKP government came to power in 2002, especially thanks to the active foreign policy implementation under the leadership of the strategist of diplomacy, Ahmet Davutoglu, who is the former Foreign Affairs Minister and the current Prime Minister. These developments have enabled Turkey to gain visibility on the international scene both politically and commercially. Indeed, this great country of 77 million inhabitants, situated on the outskirts of the European continent, which has been discreet for a long time, started, since for more than a decade, to be talked about. The economic results that Turkey has achieved in 2007 and 2008 have been described as "miracle", especially in comparison with the majority of European countries which were hit by the subsequent slowdown in the global crisis. The ensuing years have shown, however, that this momentum tends to falter
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Gu, Ming Fei. "La diplomatie commerciale de la Chine : aspects juridiques." Thesis, Paris 5, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA05D018.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
La diplomatie commerciale de la Chine résulte d’un processus complexe. Étant donné que d’une part, elle est liée à son histoire, à sa culture et à sa géographie. D’une autre part, elle est vivement rattachée à son régime politique, à l’état de son économie et à son système juridique. Ce qui implique la mise en place d’importantes mesures d’encadrement juridiques et réglementaires émises par l’autorité législative de l’État. Cette thèse tente d’analyser la diplomatie commerciale de la Chine depuis 1978, à travers sa construction, ses règlements et ses pratiques, tout en privilégiant une approche juridique. L’enjeu principal de cette démarche est de mettre en œuvre une étude comparative entre le régime juridique commercial chinois et celui de l’OMC, afin de saisir le fondement juridique de la diplomatie commerciale chinoise. Ainsi, cette recherche se base principalement sur trois dimensions de la diplomatie commerciale chinoise : la dimension multilatérale (l’intégration dans l’OMC), la dimension régionale (la participation dans les organisations régionales comme l’ASEAN) et la dimension bilatérale (la conclusion des accords commerciaux bilatéraux). Enfin, une telle approche permet de mettre en exergue les avantages et les inconvénients de chacune de ces dimensions tout en tenant compte du contexte économique international difficileCommercial diplomacy of China is the result of a complex process. Given that on the one hand, it is linked to its history, culture and geography. On the other hand, it is strongly linked to its political system, the state of its economy and its legal system. Which implies the implementation of important measures of legal and regulatory framework emitted by the legislative authority of the state. This thesis tries to analyze the commercial diplomacy of China since 1978, through its construction, its regulations and practices, while favoring legal approach. The main issue of this approach is to implement a comparative study of Chinese commercial law regime and the WTO in order to take the legal basis for China's trade diplomacy. Thus, this research is based on three dimensions of Chinese commercial diplomacy: multilateral dimension (integration into the WTO), the regional dimension (participation in regional organizations such as ASEAN) and the bilateral dimension (the concluding bilateral trade agreements). Finally, such an approach allows to highlight the advantages and disadvantages of each of these dimensions while considering the difficult international economic environment
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Šilhavík, Marek. "Hospodářská diplomacie Tchaj-wanu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-192441.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The area of economic cooperation represents one of the most important components of the country's foreign policy due to its special international status. The diploma thesis is divided into four parts. The first chapter deals with the theoretical definition of economic diplomacy. The basic characteristics of the land are mentioned in the second chapter, the third part deals with the structure of commercial diplomacy in Taiwan and the last section compares bilateral relations with Taiwan's diplomatic ally and the country without official diplomatic relations.
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Vince, André. "La diplomatie commerciale et les institutions pour favoriser le commerce extérieur de la Suisse." Lyon : Université Lyon3, 2006. http://thesesbrain.univ-lyon3.fr/sdx/theses/lyon3/1990/vince_a.
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Hátleová, Tereza. "Britská obchodní diplomacie: je Cameronova strategie konkurenceschopná?" Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-201111.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The thesis is focusing on commercial diplomacy in the United Kingdom of Great Britain during the coalition government of David Cameron between 2010 - 2015. In globalized world, where the commercial diplomacy is done by not only state actors but also private ones, management of commercial diplomacy as well as priorities and strategies play crucial role. The Thesis analyses structure of the system and includes case study of British commercial diplomacy in the Czech Republic. Based on theoretical acknowledgments we can evaluate the of British Commercial Diplomacy in the reporting period which was affected by economic crisis.
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Gertz, Geoffrey. "Commercial diplomacy and investment protection : American diplomatic interventions to protect US assets overseas since 1990." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:cb20c333-14ec-4bbb-8276-5612c6296392.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In recent decades international economic disputes have become ever more legalized, which in principle allows states to compartmentalize individual disputes from broader diplomatic relations. Nowhere is this more true than in the international investment regime, where private investors have been empowered to directly sue host states in international arbitration, rather than relying on their home states for diplomatic support. I challenge the standard narrative that investment protection has become "depoliticized", and reveal the persistent importance of informal commercial diplomacy in the settlement of investment disputes. I show that the US government continues to intervene diplomatically in disputes between American investors and developing country governments, despite the availability of institutional alternatives. Moreover, I argue such interventions are not primarily driven by pressure from private companies, but by government bureaucracies strategically pursuing their own interests, including advocating for investment climate reforms and demonstrating the value of commercial diplomacy to domestic constituencies. The empirical support for these claims proceeds in three stages. First, I use zero-inflated negative binomial regressions to demonstrate that American investors are more likely to file formal arbitration claims when they are less able to rely on diplomatic support, namely when the position of ambassador to the host state is temporarily vacant. Second, I provide a behind-the-scenes look at American investment protection policy using an original dataset of US diplomatic interventions in 256 investment disputes discussed in internal State Department cables released via WikiLeaks. Third, I use structured, focused comparisons in seven case studies of investment disputes to probe the particular drivers of US intervention, and show that diplomatic engagement is most likely in cases where the state itself has strong interests in intervening, rather than when private pressure compels it to do so. This thesis makes important and original contributions both to the literature on the international investment regime - which to date has broadly ignored the role of commercial diplomacy in contemporary dispute settlement - and to broader debates on the legalization of international economic disputes and the strategies firms use to shield themselves from political risks.
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El, Qour Tahar. "La diplomatie économique au Maroc." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0068.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
L'action diplomatique a toujours été marquée par son statut très particulier. Elle a ainsi un effet évident sur les relations internationales et intercommunautaires. Cependant, le travail diplomatique ne se limite plus au discours politique visant à mettre fin aux affrontements militaires, il dépend plus de facteurs économiques dans un souci de concilier les intérêts et d'éviter les guerres économiques. La thèse se veut une lecture critique des plus importants acteurs de la diplomatie économique marocaine que nous avons classés selon leur importance en : acteurs officiels (l'institution royale, le gouvernement et le parlement), les nouveaux canaux de la diplomatie économique marocaine (Le conseil national du commerce extérieur, le centre marocain de la promotion des exportations, les groupes locaux et les lobbies). De ce fait les réalisations demeurent modestes et négligeables par rapport à d'autres pays dans la même situation que le Maroc. Afin de vérifier ces résultats, nous avons effectué une lecture dans les relations économiques marocaines en identifiant de nombreux points forts et de dysfonctionnements dans les choix du partenariat stratégique avec plusieurs pays. Il s'avère ainsi que la politique du libre-échange n'a pas toujours été utile pour l'économie marocaine parce qu'elle a eu des effets néfastes ou collatéraux sur de nombreux secteurs productifs et sur les relations économiques du Maroc avec d'autres pays. Parmi les plus importantes conclusions auxquelles nous avons abouties, il y a lieu de signaler la nécessité d'une mise à niveau managériale de l'économie marocaineThe diplomatic action has always been marked by its particular status. Consequently it has an obvious effect on the international and intercommunity relations. However, the diplomatic work is not only limited to the political discourse aiming at putting an end to military confrontations, but it also depends on economic factors to reconcile interests and to avoid economic wars. The present work presents a critical reading of the most important actors of the Moroccan economic diplomacy classified according to their degree of importance : official actors (the royal institution, the government and the parliament), the new channels of the Morocco economic diplomacy (the national counsel of external trade, the Morocco centre of exportation promotion, Local communes and pressure groups). Needless to say that the results of this study can be effective it they are complemented by other studies which have to dismantle the role of the actors in the Moroccan economic diplomatic work taking in to consideration planification, strategies and indicators of measurement, evaluation and results effectiveness
10
Al-Mukadam, Mohammed. "A Survey of Diplomatic and Commercial Relations Between the United States and Oman in Zanzibar, 1828-1856." PDXScholar, 1990. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3952.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Informal relations between American merchant traders and the Sultanate of Oman in the port of Zanzibar began with the landing of the first American merchants about 1828. At the same approximate time, Sultan Said bin Sultan moved his official residence from Muscat, Oman, to Zanzibar, underlining the importance of Zanzibar to the administration of his territories on the East African coast. Relations were formalized by the Treaty of 1833 between the United States and Oman, and the U.S. established a consular mission in Zanzibar in 1837 and in Muscat in 1838.
The growth of the Omani Empire under Sultan Said expanded and prospered during the period examined in the present research (1828-1856). Oman's growth and prosperity, resulting primarily from its possession of Zanzibar and ports on the East African coast, roughly parallels the expansion and prosperity of the Zanzibar trade to American merchant traders. After Said's death, the Omani Empire was divided in a bitter succession battle (abetted by the British, who enjoyed military dominance in the region), and this point marked the beginning of the decline of the Oman as a regional economic and political power.
The present study surveys these two parallel developments over the critical 28-year reign of Sultan Said. The survey finds that, as with much economic development in the "third world" in the nineteenth century, Oman's enormous growth and prosperity during this period was directly linked to the growth and prosperity of commercial interests of a "developed" Western nation (in Oman's case, the United States). The study found that political developments between the two countries followed, and were informed and directed by, commercial developments. America's first three consuls to the Sultanate of Oman in Zanzibar were New England merchant traders more focused on their own commercial interests than on political concerns. That both parties (American traders and the Omani government) ultimately prospered is testimony to the complementary nature of their respective economic goals and foreign policy objectives.
Книги з теми "Diplomazia commerciale"
1
Meyer, Michel. La nouvelle diplomatie commerciale brésilienne: Lula, danse avec le Sud. Paris: Harmattan, 2005.
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2
Burton, Audrey. The Bukharans: A dynastic, diplomatic, and commercial history, 1550-1702. Surrey: Curzon, 1997.
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3
The Bukharans: A dynastic, diplomatic, and commercial history, 1550-1702. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1997.
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4
La corrispondenza diplomatica e commerciale tra Napoli e Costantinopoli nella seconda metà del Settecento. Cosenza: Orizzonti meridionali, 2005.
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5
Pezzi, Massimiliano. La corrispondenza diplomatica e commerciale tra Napoli e Costantinopoli nella seconda metà del Settecento. Cosenza: Orizzonti meridionali, 2005.
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6
Obminskiĭ, Ėrnest Evgenʹevich. Razvivai͡u︡shchiesi͡a︡ strany: Teorii͡a︡ i praktika mnogostoronneĭ ėkonomicheskoĭ diplomatii. Moskva: "Mezhdunar. otnoshenii͡a︡", 1986.
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7
Stanciu, Ștefan. România și Comisia Europeană a Dunării: Diplomație, suveranitate, cooperare internațională. Galați: Editura Pax Aura Mundi, 2002.
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8
Căldăraru, Cristian-Dragoș, writer of added text and Berindei, Dan, writer of introduction, eds. România și Comisia Europeană a Dunării: Diplomație, suveranitate, cooperare internațională. Galați: Editura Muzeului de Istorie Galaţi, 2014.
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9
Shima, Silvana Simon. Diplomacia econômica brasileira: As negociações agrícolas da rodada Doha. Curitiba, PR: Editora Appris, 2015.
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10
Shaping a maritime empire: The commercial and diplomatic role of the American Navy, 1829-1861. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press, 1985.
Знайти повний текст джерелаЧастини книг з теми "Diplomazia commerciale"
1
Carrick, Roger. "Commercial Diplomatic Policy and Practice: a practitioner’s perspective." In The Foreign Office, Commerce and British Foreign Policy in the Twentieth Century, 555–74. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-46581-8_25.
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2
"Choix stratégiques." In Guide de diplomatie commerciale, 18–23. UN, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/e36435fb-fr.
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3
"Projeter une image nationale." In Guide de diplomatie commerciale, 80–86. UN, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/e562df9f-fr.
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4
"Mission accomplie." In Guide de diplomatie commerciale, 104–5. UN, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/3392ce4e-fr.
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5
"Remerciements." In Guide de diplomatie commerciale, 7. UN, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/819c967b-fr.
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6
"Visites au pays." In Guide de diplomatie commerciale, 99–103. UN, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/82ff0134-fr.
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7
"Formulaire d’évaluation du personnel." In Guide de diplomatie commerciale, 114. UN, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/4781231b-fr.
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8
"Modèle de formulaire pour une demande de services de représentation commerciale." In Guide de diplomatie commerciale, 112. UN, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/6f7a75dc-fr.
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9
"Foires commerciales, expositions, spectacles." In Guide de diplomatie commerciale, 113. UN, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/decd4e02-fr.
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10
"Veille économique: que doit savoir l’exportateur?" In Guide de diplomatie commerciale, 41–48. UN, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/db48a430-fr.
Повний текст джерелаТези доповідей конференцій з теми "Diplomazia commerciale"
1
SIMONE, Pierluigi. "THE RECASTING OF THE OTTOMAN PUBLIC DEBT AND THE ABOLITION OF THE CAPITULATIONS REGIME IN THE INTERNATIONAL LEGAL ACTION OF TURKEY LED BY MUSTAFA KEMAL ATATÜRK." In 9. Uluslararası Atatürk Kongresi. Ankara: Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi Yayınları, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51824/978-975-17-4794-5.64.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The recast of the international debt contracted by the former Ottoman Empire and the overcoming of the capitulations regime that had afflicted Turkey for centuries, are two of the most relevant sectors in which the political and diplomatic action promoted by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk has been expressed. Extremely relevant in this regard are the different disciplines established, respectively, by the Treaty of Sèvres in 1920 and then by the Treaty of Lausanne in 1923. After the Ottoman Government defaulted in 1875, an agreement (the Decree of Muharrem) was concluded in 1881 between the Ottoman Government and representatives of its foreign and domestic creditors for the resumption of payments on Ottoman bonds, and a European control of a part of the Imperial revenues was instituted through the Administration of the Ottoman Public Debt. At the same time, the Ottoman Empire was burdened by capitulations, conferring rights and privileges in favour of their subjects resident or trading in the Ottoman lands, following the policy towards European States of the Byzantine Empire. According to these capitulations, traders entering the Ottoman Empire were exempt from local prosecution, local taxation, local conscription, and the searching of their domicile. The capitulations were initially made during the Ottoman Empire’s military dominance, to entice and encourage commercial exchanges with Western merchants. However, after dominance shifted to Europe, significant economic and political advantages were granted to the European Powers by the Ottoman Empire. Both regimes, substantially maintained by the Treaty of Sèvres, were considered unacceptable by the Nationalist Movement led by Mustafa Kemal and therefore became the subject of negotiations during the Conference of Lausanne. The definitive overcoming of both of them, therefore represents one of the most evident examples of the reacquisition of the full sovereignty of the Republic of Turkey.
Звіти організацій з теми "Diplomazia commerciale"
1
Al-Mukadam, Mohammed. A survey of diplomatic and commercial relations between the United States and Oman in Zanzibar, 1828-1856. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.5836.
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