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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "DIFFERENT ANGLES"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 11 вересня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "DIFFERENT ANGLES"

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Uversky, Vladimir N. "Biomolecules from Different Angles." Biomolecules 11, no. 1 (December 26, 2020): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11010014.

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Special Issue “2019 Feature Papers by Biomolecules’ Editorial Board Members” represents a set of papers based on the results of the research in the laboratories of the Editorial Board Members (EBMs) of Biomolecules focused (a big surprise!) on different aspects of biomolecules [...]
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Schell, Thomas, Giuseppe Testa, Stefania Castagnetti, Berthold Rutz, Michi Hannus, and Freddy Frischknecht. "Neuroscience from different angles." EMBO reports 2, no. 6 (June 2001): 471–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/embo-reports/kve112.

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Cherevatskyi, Danilo. "Smart industry in different angles." Economy of Industry 79, no. 3 (November 1, 2017): 145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/econindustry2017.03.145.

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van Bouwelen, F. M. "Diamond polishing from different angles." Diamond and Related Materials 9, no. 3-6 (April 2000): 925–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0925-9635(00)00220-x.

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Briley, M., A. Kato, and M. Weber. "Alzheimer's disease from different angles." Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 7 (January 1986): 47–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-6147(86)90247-6.

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Iona, Mario, and Philip Best. "Different Angles on Errors in Textbooks." Physics Today 46, no. 4 (April 1993): 90–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2808889.

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Halualani, Rona Tamiko. "Different Angles, New Insights, Important Questions." Journal of International and Intercultural Communication 7, no. 2 (April 3, 2014): 101–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17513057.2014.898555.

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Trewhella, Jill. "The different views from small angles." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105, no. 13 (March 24, 2008): 4967–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0801324105.

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Sheikh Jabbari, M. M. "Classification of different branes at angles." Physics Letters B 420, no. 3-4 (February 1998): 279–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0370-2693(97)01550-5.

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Ciccarelli, Francesca D., and James DeGregori. "Approaching Cancer Evolution from Different Angles." iScience 23, no. 11 (November 2020): 101661. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2020.101661.

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Дисертації з теми "DIFFERENT ANGLES"

1

Noll, Steven. "From far more different angles institutions for the mentally retarded in the South, 1900-1940 /." Gainesville, FL, 1991. http://www.archive.org/details/fromfarmorediffe00noll.

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Yan, Zhishan. "Shear and Compression Strength of Cold-formed Steel Clip Angles Subjected to Different Screw Patterns." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2017. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1062892/.

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This thesis presents experiments and numerical analysis of the cold-formed steel clip angle in three different limit states which are shear, compression, and combination of the screw connection. A previous cold-formed steel clip angle test program (which is Phase 1) developed design methods for clip angle. Therefore, the object of this thesis is to further investigate the behavior and design methods of loading-bearing cold-formed steel clip angles under different screw pattern. For each limit state, a test program was conducted to investigate the behavior, strength, and deflection of the clip angle. The test result were compared with previous CFS clip angle design method. Amending existing CFS clip angle method were developed by each of the four limit states studied in this project.
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Shu, Wesley Szu-Way. "From different angles to solve the puzzle: Macroeconomic and microeconomic analyses of information technology productivity." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282679.

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This dissertation addresses one of the most academically intriguing issues in MIS, so-called "IT productivity paradox" which describes the failure of detecting positive contribution in productivity statistics by Information Technology investment while our economy has voraciously and restlessly spent money on them for the last few decades. Recent studies are showing startling contrast with the previous ones and there seems big discrepancy between firm level and national economy analyses. In order to unravel the paradox and the discrepancy observed. The author provides theoretical and methodological discussion and the empirical investigation on the methodologies used by previous research and conducted both firm-level and macro-economic analysis. The background investigation above shows that the recent studies defying the decades-old IT paradox do not pass rigorous methodological test based microeconomic production theories. The firm level analysis confirms our conjectures that the highly positive contributions reported by the recent studies are not reliable and thus shall not be read without caution. Our claim is supplemented by simulation studies as well. In addition to the microeconomic analysis, macroeconomic level study on major developed countries has been conducted. An emphasis is placed at the impact of information technology on the structural change of employment, and at the impact of the structural change on productivity. The potential contribution of this dissertation includes: (i) Using the same data set the prior studies used, we contrasts findings and methodologies with those in the previous studies. It calls for very careful attention to the methodology before we applaud for "positive" findings. (ii) It also provides a rare study in MIS on economic value of IT investment in macroeconomics and international contexts.
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Hardman, Kristi Dawn. "Hearing meter from different angles : interactive vocal meter and hypermeter in selected songs and their covers." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/57460.

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A vocal melody is a setting of poetry to musical rhythms and pitches. The poetry and the musical melody have distinct accentuation patterns, yet as musicians we too often only analyse the musical events of a vocal melody in order to determine its rhythmic structure and meter, while ignoring the meter of the poetic text. This thesis examines how the meter of the poetic text interacts with the meter of the musical melody to inform our overall perception of the vocal melody’s meter. Through comparison of popular songs with cover versions that adopt a different meter, it investigates how the same poetic meter interacts with different musical meters, and studies the resulting effects on vocal meter and hypermeter. The methodology can be applied to a wide range of popular music genres, so each chapter examines an original song and cover versions representing different genres. The first chapter establishes the new methodology developed in this thesis. The concepts of poetic meter, melodic meter, and the resulting “interactive vocal meter” are introduced and applied in the analysis of three versions of Hank Williams’s “I’m So Lonesome I Could Cry.” This chapter also explores some novel ways in which we can interpret syncopations and hypermeter. Interactive vocal meter is further explored in chapter 2 through the analysis of two versions of the Beatles’ “I’ll Be Back.” The change in meter, from the 6/8 of the demo to the 4/4 of the single, offers a fascinating opportunity to study the rhetorical and musical impact of subtle changes in accentuation. The complex phrase structure of “I’ll Be Back” also introduces interesting issues and questions regarding our perception of hypermeter. The third chapter focuses on Billie Holiday’s “Strange Fruit.” Holiday’s transformations of the poem’s unusual metric contours provide a vivid demonstration of her uniquely eloquent idiom. The vocal metric interpretation of “Strange Fruit” challenges the view that beats 1 and 3 are always strongly accentuated beats in 4/4 measures. This chapter also explores issues of rhythmic and metric transcription in connection with Lori Burn’s recent study of Tori Amos’s cover of the song.
Arts, Faculty of
Music, School of
Graduate
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Jönsson, Emil. "Pressure distributions on a valve disk at different opening angles and their impacts on the shaft." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-44367.

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Valves are used in the most pipe systems today. There are a lot of different valves used depending on the system. They all do have in common to withstand all possible kind of failure that might occur. Common issues are cavitation, water hammer and friction torque. Friction torque is dependent on the deflection of the valve due to the high load on the valve body, for a butterfly valve this will be the disk. The pressure distributed on the disk differ depending on the opening angle of the butterfly valve. Opening angles of 3, 15 and 30 degrees are investigated. The further the valve is opened the lower the pressure will be on the downstream side and also the total pressure on the disk is decreased. This investigation shows that the impact in terms of deflection angle is constant for the lower opening degrees but for 30 degrees of opening there is a drop in deflection angle on the shaft. This means that the shaft will absorb less force due to loading on the disk and lead to reduced friction torque. With use of the same inlet pressure the angle causing the deflection increased linearly.
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6

Thipakorn, Bundit. "Defining the cross section of the fluorescence-filled capillaries from intensity profiles viewed at different angles /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1996. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9720547.

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Kombo, Rainah. "Qualitative analysis of flow patterns : two-phase flow condensation at low mass fluxes and different inclination angles." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/61303.

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A great deal of work has been conducted on in-tube condensation in horizontal and vertical smooth tubes. The available literature points to mechanisms governing two-phase condensation heat transfer coefficients and pressure drops, which are directly linked to the local flow pattern for both horizontal and inclined configurations. However, the work has been limited to flow pattern observations, heat transfer, pressure drops and void fractions for both horizontal and inclined tubes at high mass fluxes. No work has been conducted on the analysis of the observed flow patterns and the effect of temperature difference between the average wall temperature and average saturation temperature for different inclination angles at mass fluxes of 100 kg/m2.s and below. The purpose of this study is to carry out a qualitative analysis of flow patterns, and show the effect of temperature difference on the heat transfer coefficient for inclination angles from +90° (upward flow) to -90° (downward flow) at mass fluxes below 100 kg/m2.s. An experimental set-up provided the measurements for the two-phase condensation of R-143a in a smooth tube with an inside diameter of 8.38 mm and a length of 1.5 m. The mass fluxes were 25 kg/m2.s to 100 kg/m2.s, the saturation temperature was 40 °C and the mean qualities were 0.1 to 0.9. A high-speed camera was used to visually analyse and determine the flow patterns for both the inlet and the outlet of the test section. Through the results, eight flow patterns were observed: stratified-wavy, stratified, wavy, wavy-churn, intermittent, churn, annular and wavy-annular. The maximum heat transfer was observed for downward flow between inclination angles of -15° and -30°. The Thome-Hajal flow pattern map correctly predicted horizontal flow patterns, but failed to predict most of the inclined flow patterns. Various flow pattern transitions were identified and proposed for all the investigated inclination angles in this study. Finally, the heat transfer coefficient was found to be dependent on quality, mass flux, temperature difference and inclination angle.
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2016.
Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering
MSc
Unrestricted
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8

Bovenizer, Todd S. "An in-vitro investigation of frictional resistance of self-ligating and ceramic brackets when subjected to different ligation methods and tipping angles." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2006. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=4467.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2006.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 97 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-76).
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Krüger, Claudia [Verfasser], Jens [Akademischer Betreuer] Rowold, and Hartmut H. [Gutachter] Holzmüller. "Different angles on transformational leadership: its antecedents, relatives, and consequences in self and other perception / Claudia Krüger. Betreuer: Jens Rowold. Gutachter: Hartmut H. Holzmüller." Dortmund : Universitätsbibliothek Dortmund, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1112267069/34.

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Khan, Kevin Jamil Hiroshi. "Wide Area Power System Monitoring Device Design and Data Analysis." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34052.

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The frequency disturbance recorder (FDR) is a cost effective data acquisition device used to measure power system frequency at the distribution level. FDRs are time synchronized via the global positioning system (GPS) timing and data recorded by FDRs are time stamped to allow for comparative analysis between FDRs. The data is transmitted over the internet to a central server where the data is collected and stored for post mortem analysis. Currently, most of the analysis is done with power system frequency.

The purpose of this study is to take a first in depth look at the angle data collected by FDRs. Different data conditioning techniques are proposed and tested before one is chosen. The chosen technique is then used to extract useable angle data for angle analysis on eight generation trip events. The angle differences are then used to create surface plot angle difference movies for further analysis.

A new event detection algorithm, the k-means algorithm, is also presented in this paper. The algorithm is proposed as a simple and fast alternative to the current detection method. Next, this thesis examines several GPS modules and recommends one for a replacement of the current GPS chip, which is no longer in production. Finally, the manufacturing process for creating an FDR is documented.

This thesis may have raised more questions than it answers and it is hoped that this work will lay the foundation for further analysis of angles from FDR data.


Master of Science
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Книги з теми "DIFFERENT ANGLES"

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PUBLISHER, PRENTICE HALL. From a different angle. Boston, MA: Pearson/Prentice Hall, 2007.

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1925-, Miller William J., ed. Baseball from a different angle. South Bend, Ind: Diamond Communications, 1988.

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Giuliani, Luigi, and Victoria Pineda, eds. La edición del diálogo teatral (siglos XVI-XVII). Florence: Firenze University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-224-9.

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The contributions that compose this book were presented at the XIV Taller Internacional de Estudios Textuales (Perugia 2018), where different issues related to the transmission of Spanish Golden Age plays and its relevance for modern editing were discussed. The relationship between autograph manuscripts and prompt books, the usus scribendi of professional copyists, the textual variant readings in the transmission of printed texts, the importance of meter for establishing texts and proving authorships, the comparison of Spanish and Anglo-American editing practices, and the adaptation of plays for the modern stage, are all issues addressed by means of case studies that elucidate unexpected angles of textual criticism.
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Job, Georg, and Regina Rüffler. Physical Chemistry from a Different Angle. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15666-8.

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Job, Georg, and Regina Rüffler. Physical Chemistry from a Different Angle Workbook. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28491-6.

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Buehring, Michelle. A different angle: Co-operActivities in communication. Tracy, Calif: JAG Publications, 1998.

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7

Mark, Wise, ed. From a different angle: Observations on being human. Georgetown, Mass: North Star Publications, 1992.

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1965-, Morris Holly, ed. A different angle: Fly fishing stories by women. Seattle, Wash: Seal Press, 1995.

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Bogor, Komunitas Blogger. Hitam putih Bogor: Bogor, an insight from different angle. Yogyakarta: LeutikaPrio, 2013.

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Folkart, Jessica A. Angles on otherness in post-Franco Spain: The fiction of Cristina Fernández Cubas. Lewisburg [Pa.]: Bucknell University Press, 2002.

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Частини книг з теми "DIFFERENT ANGLES"

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Norton, Anderson. "Seeing Angles From a Different Angle." In The Psychology of Mathematics, 109–22. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003181729-8.

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Zaccheo, Aleardo, Eleonora Palmaccio, Morgan Venable, Isabella Locarnini-Sciaroni, and Salvatore Parisi. "Food Microbiology Seen from Different Angles." In Food Hygiene and Applied Food Microbiology in an Anthropological Cross Cultural Perspective, 19–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44975-3_3.

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Tasmowski, Liliane. "A Look at sembler + Infinitive from Different Angles." In Sentential Complementation and the Lexicon, edited by Dany Jaspers, Yvan Putseys, Wim Klooster, and Pieter Seuren, 403–22. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110878479-026.

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Miyake, Kanako. "My Life in the L-café from Different Angles." In Social Spaces for Language Learning: Stories from the L-café, 86–90. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-53010-3_10.

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Bichitkar, S. M., P. P. Buddiyal, S. S. Chavan, A. A. Kulkarni, and V. B. Gawande. "CFD Analysis of Wind Turbine with Different Flange Angles." In Advances in Applied Mechanical Engineering, 199–204. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1201-8_23.

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Thakur, Vikas Kumar, M. K. Gaur, and M. K. Sagar. "Performance Analysis of Different Tilt Angles-Based Solar Still." In Artificial Intelligence and Sustainable Computing, 189–200. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1220-6_17.

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Yu, Jian-qiang, Qi Li, Yong-lu Wang, and Shuai Tao. "Numerical Simulation of Rockburst Characteristics of Tunnel Surrounding Rock Under Dilatancy Effect." In Advances in Frontier Research on Engineering Structures, 163–73. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8657-4_15.

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AbstractRockburst is one of the most intense reactions in various instability phenomena of underground cavern surrounding rock, which seriously threatens the safety of underground engineering construction personnel and equipment. Based on Mohr–Coulomb strain softening model, the non-associated flow rule is adopted for plastic flow after material yield. By implanting Gu Ming-cheng and Tao Zhen-yu rockburst criterion in the software, the effects of different dilatancy angles on rockburst grade and circumferential stress distribution of surrounding rock of circular tunnel are simulated. The calculation results show that the larger the dilatancy angle is, the more difficult the rock burst pit is to form. The elements of serious rockburst are mainly concentrated in the wall of the tunnel, and the shear bands formed in the high value area of shear strain increment are short. When the dilatancy angle is small, the circumferential stress reaches the maximum at the interface of elastic-plastic zone. With the increase of dilatancy angle, the number of elements entering the plastic state and occurring medium and severe rockburst increases first and then decreases, while the number of elements occurring slight rockburst decreases monotonously. Different dilatancy angles have significant effects on the number of elements occurring rockburst at all levels.
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Nair, Prasanth P., Abhilash Suryan, and Renju Chandran. "A Numerical Study on Planar Nozzles with Different Divergence Angles." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 133–46. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1892-8_12.

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Nyklíček, Ivan, Ad Vingerhoets, and Marcel Zeelenberg. "Emotion Regulation and Well-Being: A View from Different Angles." In Emotion Regulation and Well-Being, 1–9. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6953-8_1.

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Shrivastava, Srajan, and Jayanta Sinha. "Numerical Analysis of Cavity Flow at Different Angles of Attack." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 345–53. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1894-2_29.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "DIFFERENT ANGLES"

1

Gualini, M. M. S. "Laser butt welding of pipes at different angles." In ICALEO® ‘97: Proceedings of the Laser Applications in the Medical Devices Industry Conference. Laser Institute of America, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2351/1.5059213.

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Wang, Yonggang, and Yi Meng. "Evaluation of Airline Safety Based on Different Angles." In First International Conference on Transportation Information and Safety (ICTIS). Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41177(415)253.

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Meiser, Siw, Christoph Kleine-Büning, Ralf Uhlig, Eckhard Lüpfert, Björn Schiricke, and Robert Pitz-Paal. "Finite Element Modeling of Parabolic Trough Mirror Shape in Different Mirror Angles." In ASME 2012 6th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2012 10th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2012-91264.

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Deviations from the ideal shape of reflector panels for parabolic trough solar power plants have relevant impact on field efficiency and thus on the performance of the whole power plant. Analyzing the gravity-induced deformation of mirror shape for different mirror angles is relevant for performance calculation of solar parabolic trough collectors and identifying optimization potential of the mirror panels. Two mirror model versions (stiff and elastic supports) are evaluated in four angles: in horizontal laboratory angle (mirrors facing upward with mounting points horizontally aligned), and in 0°, 45° and 90° collector angle. The resulting slope maps are calculated in a separate post-processing. In order to evaluate the effect of gravity load on mirror shape, the deformed mirror in each evaluated angle is compared to the non-deformed mirror shape, and to the shapes in 0° (zenith) collector angle, respectively. The resulting slope deviation maps show the mirror deformation in different mirror angles. Stiffness of the mounting to the support structure has a relevant impact. Mirror deformation on elastic brackets (SDx up to 1.6 mrad) is much more pronounced than on an ideal stiff support structure (SDx up to 1.0 mrad).
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Faudzi, Ahmad Athif M., M. Rusydi M. Razif, Ili Najaa Aimi M. Nordin, K. Suzumori, S. Wakimoto, and D. Hirooka. "Development of bending soft actuator with different braided angles." In 2012 IEEE/ASME International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics (AIM). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aim.2012.6266037.

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Yu, Lingfeng, and Lilong Cai. "Numerical reconstruction of 3D objects with different viewing angles." In Electronic Imaging 2003, edited by Tung H. Jeong and Sylvia H. Stevenson. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.473796.

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Yitao Wang, Xiaowei Zhu, and Ling Tian. "Design of crossed-SIW directional couplers with different angles." In 2008 Asia Pacific Microwave Conference. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/apmc.2008.4958028.

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Ghazavi, Mahmoud, and Ashkan Behmardi Kalantari. "Experimental Study of Taper Piles With Different Taper Angles." In ASME 2008 27th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2008-57110.

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Piled foundations are normally used in offshore engineering. Among various piles, tapered piles have normally greater cross sectional are around the head than the pile toe. Therefore they have greater potential for substantial cost advantages in static loading conditions. The objective of this study is to explore the characteristics of the axial response of tapered piles. Laboratory facilities for testing model piles were prepared. Four polyamide piles with different angles of taper from 0° to 1.5° were used in this study. The soil was sand. It has been found that tapered piles have more bearing capacity than cylindrical piles of the same length and volume. This is interesting and may be considered for offshore piling since in this situation a large number of piles is routinely used.
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8

Salminen, Olli. "Photoresist grating profile estimation by using different incidence angles." In Holographics International '92, edited by Yuri N. Denisyuk and Frank Wyrowski. SPIE, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.140387.

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9

Talebizadeh, P., M. A. Mehrabian, and M. Abdolzadeh. "A Study on the Different Components of Solar Radiation in Order to Calculate the Optimum Solar Angles and the Gain of Solar Energy Using Genetic Algorithm." In ASME 2011 5th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2011-54854.

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In this paper, the genetic algorithm is applied to calculate the optimum slope and surface azimuth angles for receiving maximum solar radiation in an area of Iran. Different components of solar radiation are employed in order to calculate the solar optimum angles. At first, the optimum angels are calculated in different days, months, seasons and the whole year and the energy gain is calculated. Then, this process is redone with considering different component of solar radiation. These conditions are direct, direct and ground reflect, direct and diffuse, and all together. The results showed that maximum solar energy in different days of a year is received at different slope angels; however, the optimum azimuth angle is zero for receiving maximum solar energy. In addition, adjusting the collector at the daily optimum slope angle can only save energy very little compared with the case at the monthly optimum slope angle. Furthermore, the results of analyzing different components of solar radiation show that the optimum slope angles are mostly related to the direct radiation, however, the gain of energy is considerably different. It is worth mentioning that genetic algorithm is more effective when the independent parameters are numerous and in this case, the optimum angles are easily determined, however, the computation time is reduced.
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"Comparison of Different Circular Feature Extraction Algorithms for Tree Trunk at Different Scanning Angles." In 2014 ASABE Annual International Meeting. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aim.20141898885.

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Звіти організацій з теми "DIFFERENT ANGLES"

1

Ostashev, Vladimir, Michael Muhlestein, and D. Wilson. Extra-wide-angle parabolic equations in motionless and moving media. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42043.

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Wide-angle parabolic equations (WAPEs) play an important role in physics. They are derived by an expansion of a square-root pseudo-differential operator in one-way wave equations, and then solved by finite-difference techniques. In the present paper, a different approach is suggested. The starting point is an extra-wide-angle parabolic equation (EWAPE) valid for small variations of the refractive index of a medium. This equation is written in an integral form, solved by a perturbation technique, and transformed to the spectral domain. The resulting split-step spectral algorithm for the EWAPE accounts for the propagation angles up to 90° with respect to the nominal direction. This EWAPE is also generalized to large variations in the refractive index. It is shown that WAPEs known in the literature are particular cases of the two EWAPEs. This provides an alternative derivation of the WAPEs, enables a better understanding of the underlying physics and ranges of their applicability, and opens an opportunity for innovative algorithms. Sound propagation in both motionless and moving media is considered. The split-step spectral algorithm is particularly useful in the latter case since complicated partial derivatives of the sound pressure and medium velocity reduce to wave vectors (essentially, propagation angles) in the spectral domain.
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2

Hart, James, Nasir Zulfiqar, and Carl Popelar. L52289 Use of Pipeline Geometry Monitoring to Assess Pipeline Condition. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), December 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010254.

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Describes an algorithm is developed for deducing the longitudinal or axial strain from geometry pig measurements of a laterally displaced pipeline; often caused by geohazards. The development is limited to those lateral displacements of the pipeline that results in a predominantly transverse loading; i.e., the induced transverse component of the loading is much greater than its axial component. The emphasis is upon evaluating inelastic straining that accompanies large lateral displacement of the pipeline. The induced extensional strain is found to vary linearly with the change in curvature of the pipeline. The validity of the approach is established through favorable comparisons of the predictions for the extensional strains with those determined from buried pipeline finite element simulations of various displaced pipe configurations, pipe geometries, and loading amplitudes. Since the algorithm relies only upon measurements of the geometry of the displaced pipeline, it is independent of the pipe's and soil's material properties, pipe-soil interaction, and the loading conditions. Benefit: The efficacy of the algorithm is demonstrated by performing a large matrix of finite element simulations of displaced pipelines of different geometries subjected to block subsidence, landslides intersecting the pipeline at varying angles, fault crossings at different angles and different loading states, and comparing the analytical strains with the strains deduced from digital pig measurements of the curvature of the deformed pipeline. In this regard, the finite element simulations serve the role of surrogate geometry pig measurements. These comparisons are used to establish the resolution of the change in curvature measurement required of a geometry pig to produce a reliable estimate for the longitudinal strain in a displaced pipeline. An error analysis is also performed to establish the relative error as a function of the curvature measurement gage length, a characteristic feature-length, and the abruptness of the displaced shape of the pipeline.
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3

Manninen, Terhikki, and Pauline Stenberg. Influence of forest floor vegetation on the total forest reflectance and its implications for LAI estimation using vegetation indices. Finnish Meteorological Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35614/isbn.9789523361379.

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Recently a simple analytic canopy bidirectional reflectance factor (BRF) model based on the spectral invariants theory was presented. The model takes into account that the recollision probability in the forest canopy is different for the first scattering than the later ones. Here this model is extended to include the forest floor contribution to the total forest BRF. The effect of the understory vegetation on the total forest BRF as well as on the simple ratio (SR) and the normalized difference (NDVI) vegetation indices is demonstrated for typical cases of boreal forest. The relative contribution of the forest floor to the total BRF was up to 69 % in the red wavelength range and up to 54 % in the NIR wavelength range. Values of SR and NDVI for the forest and the canopy differed within 10 % and 30 % in red and within 1 % and 10 % in the NIR wavelength range. The relative variation of the BRF with the azimuth and view zenith angles was not very sensitive to the forest floor vegetation. Hence, linear correlation of the modelled total BRF and the Ross-thick kernel was strong for dense forests (R2 > 0.9). The agreement between modelled BRF and satellite-based reflectance values was good when measured LAI, clumping index and leaf single scattering albedo values for a boreal forest were used as input to the model.
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Revina, Shintia, Rezanti Putri Pramana, Rizki Fillaili, and Daniel Suryadarma. Systemic Constraints Facing Teacher Professional Development in a Middle-Income Country: Indonesia’s Experience Over Four Decades. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2020/054.

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Despite government efforts to reform teacher professional development (TPD) in the past four decades, Indonesian teacher quality remains low. Why have the improvement efforts failed? In the present study we investigate what caused these reforms to fail from two angles. First, we examine the efficacy of the latest teacher professional development (TPD) initiative in Indonesia, Pengembangan Keprofesian Berkelanjutan or PKB (Continuing Professional Development), and identify the factors affecting its efficacy. We found that some essential features of effective TPD are missing in PKB. The PKB programme has not targeted teachers based on years of experience, has not followed up teachers with post-training activities, has not incorporated teaching practice through lesson enactment, and has not built upon teacher existing practice. Second, our analysis demonstrates that PKB's weaknesses have existed in Indonesia's previous TPD initiatives as far back as four decades ago. This indicates that the long-term problem of TPD’s ineffectiveness is driven by different elements of the education system beyond the TPD’s technical and operational aspects. Our system-level analysis points out that merely improving the technical aspects of TPD would be insufficient given the Indonesian education system’s lack of coherence surrounding teacher quality. The problems surrounding the provision of effective TPD is more complex than simply a matter of replacing the “old” with the “new” initiative. The change requires a reorientation of the education system to produce high-quality teachers.
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5

Revina, Shintia, Rezanti Putri Pramana, Rizki Fillaili, and Daniel Suryadarma. Systemic Constraints Facing Teacher Professional Developmentin a Middle-Income Country: Indonesia’s Experience Over Four Decades. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsgrisewp_2020/054.

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Анотація:
Despite government efforts to reform teacher professional development (TPD) in the past four decades, Indonesian teacher quality remains low. Why have the improvement efforts failed? In the present study we investigate what caused these reforms to fail from two angles. First, we examine the efficacy of the latest teacher professional development (TPD) initiative in Indonesia, Pengembangan Keprofesian Berkelanjutan or PKB (Continuing Professional Development), and identify the factors affecting its efficacy. We found that some essential features of effective TPD are missing in PKB. The PKB programme has not targeted teachers based on years of experience, has not followed up teachers with post-training activities, has not incorporated teaching practice through lesson enactment, and has not built upon teacher existing practice. Second, our analysis demonstrates that PKB's weaknesses have existed in Indonesia's previous TPD initiatives as far back as four decades ago. This indicates that the long-term problem of TPD’s ineffectiveness is driven by different elements of the education system beyond the TPD’s technical and operational aspects. Our system-level analysis points out that merely improving the technical aspects of TPD would be insufficient given the Indonesian education system’s lack of coherence surrounding teacher quality. The problems surrounding the provision of effective TPD is more complex than simply a matter of replacing the “old” with the “new” initiative. The change requires a reorientation of the education system to produce high-quality teachers.
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6

Olsen. L51740 Evaluation of the Structural Integrity of Cold Field-Bent Pipe. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), May 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010361.

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During recent pipeline construction seasons, there have been reported difficulties in cold field bending different joints of line pipe produced by the same manufacturer during a particular production run. These difficulties were typically manifested as an inability to achieve bends of one to one-and-a-half degrees per diameter in the pipe without forming ripples. Some of these problems could be traced to poor bending practices, i.e., inappropriate bending machine set-up and operator inexperience. However, it was observed that even with proper machine set-up and experienced operators, some "bad pipe" exists that could not be bent as far as desired without introducing ripples. The objective of this program was to develop an acceptance criterion for an allowable ripple in a gas-transmission pipeline as a result of a cold field bend. Previous acceptance or rejection criteria for ripples in cold field bent pipe were quite subjective. The purpose of this study was to define quantitative limits for acceptable ripple heights that will not compromise the integrity of the pipe during its expected life. In a program discussed at the 9th PRCI/EPRG meeting, the work performed during a joint Australian Pipeline Industry Association/Line Pipe Research Supervisory Committee effort on the mechanics of cold field bending was presented. Based on theoretical and experimental studies, it was found that modern, high-strength, high D/t pipe forms ripples at very low bend angles during cold field bending. Although there was some circumstantial evidence that some amount of rippling can be tolerated in a pipe, there had been no systematic effort to quantify the influence that the ripples have on the long-term integrity of pipe.
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7

Weinschenk, Craig, Keith Stakes та Robin Zevotek. Impact of Fire Attack Utilizing Interior and Exterior Streams on Firefighter Safety and Occupant Survival: Water Mapping. UL Firefighter Safety Research Institute, грудень 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.54206/102376/nevx1787.

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As research continues into how fire department interventions affect fire dynamics in the modern fire environment; questions continue to arise on the impact and implications of interior versus exterior fire attack on both firefighter safety and occupant survivability. Previous research into various types of fire ground ventilation, flow paths, and exterior fire streams has provided the fire service with an increased understanding of fire dynamics. However, in some instances, the information from the studies may not support current, experienced-based practices. This gap between the research to date and the fire ground suppression experience has driven the need for further study. Therefore, research into the various methods of fire attack will allow a broader understanding of how firefighter interventions on the fire ground can impact the outcome of both life safety and property protection. This study will build upon the fire research conducted to date by analyzing how firefighting tactics, specifically different fire suppression tools and tactics, affect the thermal exposure and survivability of both firefighters and building occupants and affect fire behavior in structures. The purpose of this study is to improve firefighter safety, fireground tactics, and the knowledge of fire dynamics by providing the fire service with scientific information, developed from water flow and full-scale fire testing, in representative single-family homes. The project will be comprised of 3 parts: • Part I: Water Distribution • Part II: Air Entrainment • Part III: Full-Scale Residential Fire Experiments This report details the results and analysis from the water distribution experiments. These tests were conducted without the presence of fire to gain a fundamental understanding of water flows into compartments. Each test was designed to quantify water distribution within a compartment by evaluating the differences caused by various application methods, hose stream types, nozzle movements, pressures/flow rates, stream locations and elevation angles.
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8

Ків, Арнольд Юхимович, D. Fuks, Наталя Володимирівна Моісеєнко, and Володимир Миколайович Соловйов. Silicon-aluminum bonding in Al alloys. Transport and Telecommunication Institute, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/0564/1033.

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Ab initio calculation was performed to investigate the nature of Si-Al bonding in Al based alloys. Total electronic energy Etot for different configurations of the model cluster Si2Al6 was calculated. When the model cluster consists of two perfect tetrahedrons there is a strong influence of the Si-Si distance on the Si-Al adiabatic potential. The equilibrium distance between Si and Al atoms increases with the length of Si-Si bond increasing. It was concluded that description of Si clusters in Al matrix demands an account of the angle depending part of Si-Al interaction.
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9

Rahman, Shahedur, Rodrigo Salgado, Monica Prezzi, and Peter J. Becker. Improvement of Stiffness and Strength of Backfill Soils Through Optimization of Compaction Procedures and Specifications. Purdue University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317134.

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Vibration compaction is the most effective way of compacting coarse-grained materials. The effects of vibration frequency and amplitude on the compaction density of different backfill materials commonly used by INDOT (No. 4 natural sand, No. 24 stone sand, and No. 5, No. 8, No. 43 aggregates) were studied in this research. The test materials were characterized based on the particle sizes and morphology parameters using digital image analysis technique. Small-scale laboratory compaction tests were carried out with variable frequency and amplitude of vibrations using vibratory hammer and vibratory table. The results show an increase in density with the increase in amplitude and frequency of vibration. However, the increase in density with the increase in amplitude of vibration is more pronounced for the coarse aggregates than for the sands. A comparison of the maximum dry densities of different test materials shows that the dry densities obtained after compaction using the vibratory hammer are greater than those obtained after compaction using the vibratory table when both tools were used at the highest amplitude and frequency of vibration available. Large-scale vibratory roller compaction tests were performed in the field for No. 30 backfill soil to observe the effect of vibration frequency and number of passes on the compaction density. Accelerometer sensors were attached to the roller drum (Caterpillar, model CS56B) to measure the frequency of vibration for the two different vibration settings available to the roller. For this roller and soil tested, the results show that the higher vibration setting is more effective. Direct shear tests and direct interface shear tests were performed to study the impact of particle characteristics of the coarse-grained backfill materials on interface shear resistance. The more angular the particles, the greater the shear resistance measured in the direct shear tests. A unique relationship was found between the normalized surface roughness and the ratio of critical-state interface friction angle between sand-gravel mixture with steel to the internal critical-state friction angle of the sand-gravel mixture.
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10

Werle, D. Radar remote sensing for application in forestry: a literature review for investigators and potential users of SAR data in Canada. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329188.

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Анотація:
Information provided in this document allows potential users of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery as well as investigators participating in the Canadian Radar Data Development Program (RDDP) to obtain an overview of achievements, limitations and future potential of radar remote sensing for application in forestry, as portrayed in the published literature. Investigations concerned with radar remote sensing and its potential for application in forestry are reviewed. The main focus of these studies was the determination of microwave backscatter characteristics of forestry targets using different radar parameters, such as frequency, polarizations and incidence angle. Examples of selected targets include the following: coniferous and deciduous tree species, stands of different structure, age, tree height, clearcuts, or forestry environments in general as they change with the seasons. More than 75 studies based on airborne imaging radar, spaceborne radar as well as scatterometer data have been considered. Previous reviews which summarize information available in western Europe and North America are briefly introduced. Then, recent investigations covering the time period from the early 1980's onward are portrayed and discussed. The main results are summarized in a set of conclusions, followed by list of selected references and a list of Canadian institutions and organizations currently involved in radar remote sensing R&D for application in forestry.
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