Готові списки джерел за темами / Diesel fuel injector

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Diesel fuel injector"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 14 березня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Diesel fuel injector"

1

RYBAK, Arkadiusz, Jacek HUNICZ, Paweł KRZACZEK, Wojciech GOLIMOWSKI, and Damian MARCINKOWSKI. "Effect of different biofuels on common rail injector flow rate." Combustion Engines 171, no. 4 (November 1, 2017): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-2017-407.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
In this study dynamic flow rates of a common rail injector using diesel fuel and different biofuels were determined. As biofuels, fatty acid methyl esters originating from canola, poultry, cattle and used cooking oil were tested. The tested fuels exhibited different physical properties e.g. density and viscosity. Measurements of the injector delivery rates were performed on a test stand designed for determination of injectors and injection pumps characteristics. Each fuel was tested at temperatures between 30 and 60°C, under injection pressure in the range of 30–180 MPa and injection time in the range of 200–1600 microseconds. The results showed differences in injector flow rates depending on used fuel, however different fuel properties affected amount of fuel injected especially at short injection durations.
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2

Tuccar, Gökhan, Göktürk Memduh Özkan, and Kadir Aydın. "Determınatıon of Atomızatıon Characterıstıcs of a Dıesel Injector." Applied Mechanics and Materials 799-800 (October 2015): 826–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.799-800.826.

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Анотація:
Atomization of liquid fuels is very important topic for combustion studies since it enhances air/ fuel mixing process and therefore ensures perfect combustion. With today’s common diesel injectors, fuel is directly injected into the combustion chamber with extremely high pressures which exceed 1300 bar in order to obtain perfect atomization. However, these high injection pressures unfortunately create some problems in the injection system such as cavitation erosion which may lead to mechanical failure. Introducing of air into the injector prior to combustion will increase fuel atomization, provide more complete combustion, enhance fuel economy and results in lower engine emissions. The aim of this study is to investigate atomization behaviour of a newly introduced diesel engine which mixes air and fuel prior to combustion chamber.
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3

Stepien, Zbigniew, Aleksander Mazanek, and Andrzej Suchecki. "Impact of fuel on real diesel injector performance in field test." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 232, no. 8 (September 30, 2017): 1047–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407017725671.

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Анотація:
This work assessed the potential impact of diesel fuel complying with the EN 590 standard on real diesel injector performance in a long-term field test. Injector deposit formation has been attributed to diesel fuel instability during storage in relation to fuel injection equipment (FIE) operating conditions. These deposits can occur at different locations within FIE and impact on fuel spray characteristics, causing threats to the proper functioning of the fuel injectors. The long-term field tests were performed with two new vehicles fitted with an advanced common rail (CR) fuel injection system, meeting the requirements of Euro 5. A high quality diesel fuel meeting the requirements of the EN 590 standard was used for both vehicles. A scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS) and an electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) detector was used for observation and imaging of external, coking injector deposits around the nozzle fuel-flow holes and internal diesel injector deposits (IDID) in the area of the nozzle needle. An elemental analysis was performed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis (EDX). Evaluation of the macroscopic characteristics revealed that, despite the formation of external and internal injector deposits, there was no measurable loss of flow through the injectors. As a result, while injector deposits have adverse impacts on some injector macroscopic characteristics, they did not cause a significant deterioration of the injectors’ operating characteristic and their real performance.
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4

Liu, Qi, Guang Yao Ouyang, Shi Jie An, and Yu Peng Sun. "Numerical Simulation of the Effects of the Nozzle Parameters on In-Cylinder Fuel and Air Mixing Process." Applied Mechanics and Materials 401-403 (September 2013): 218–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.401-403.218.

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Анотація:
In order to study the injection property of diesel engine fuel injector, the three-dimension combustion model of TBD620 diesel engine is constructed on the AVL Fire software platform. A numerical simulation of the two injectors’ fuel injection process at different load conditions has been done. The influence on fuel and air mixing process is analyzed. The results show that the special injector has a good performance at low load, but the standard injector is more favorable for fuel and air fully mixing at high load.
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5

Mata, Carmen, Jakub Piaszyk, José Antonio Soriano, José Martín Herreros, Athanasios Tsolakis, and Karl Dearn. "Impact of Alternative Paraffinic Fuels on the Durability of a Modern Common Rail Injection System." Energies 13, no. 16 (August 12, 2020): 4166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13164166.

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Анотація:
Common rail (CR) diesel fuel injection systems are very sensitive to variations in fuel properties, thus the impact of alternative fuels on the durability of the injection system should be investigated when considering the use of alternative fuels. This work studies a high-pressure CR (HPCR) diesel fuel injection system operating for 400 h in an injection test bench, using a fuel blend composed of an alternative paraffinic fuel and conventional diesel (50PF50D). The alternative fuel does not have aromatic components and has lower density than conventional diesel fuel. The injection system durability study was carried out under typical injection pressure and fuel temperature for the fuel pump, the common rail and the injector. The results show that the HPCR fuel injection system and its components (e.g., piston, spring, cylinder, driveshaft and cam) have no indication of damage, wear or change in surface roughness. The absence of internal wear to the components of the injection system is supported by the approximately constant total flow rate that reaches the injector during the whole the 400 h of the experiment. However, the size of the injector nozzle holes was decreased (approximately 12%), being consistent with the increase in the return fuel flow of the injector and rail (approximately 13%) after the completion of the study. Overall, the injection system maintained its operability during the whole duration of the durability study, which encourages the use of paraffinic fuels as an alternative to conventional diesel fuel.
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6

SKOWRON, Maciej, and Ireneusz PIELECHA. "Optical tests as the basis for formulating mathematical models of the opening delay of CIDI injectors." Combustion Engines 171, no. 4 (November 1, 2017): 185–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-2017-431.

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Анотація:
The main objective of this research was an attempt to evaluate the delay times of the actual needle opening of the diesel injectors in relation to the time of triggering the current control signals opening the solenoid and piezoelectric high-pressure injectors of diesel engines. The conducted tests take into account the variability of fuel injection pressure and backpressure prevailing in the operational chamber of the engine. To determine accurately the time of actual injection start, the optical tests analysing the image of the injector tip were used. Such high resolution images were obtained by high-speed recording with a frequency of 250 kHz (Dt = 0.004 ms). Based on a comparison of the results obtained, it was found that the maximum delay time of fuel injection for a piezoelectric diesel injector is about 12% shorter than for a solenoid injector. Experimentally obtained results of the injection time delay were used as a basis to formulate mathematical models describing the delay of the real fuel injection in relation to the signal controlling the opening of the diesel injectors. These models take into account the dependence of the injector reaction from the injection pressure and the backpressure in the operational chamber of the engine. The correctness of the obtained models is confirmed by acceptable values of the determination coefficient (for solenoid injector – 0.6, for piezoelectric injector – above 0.8 – for correlation of injection delay and backpressure).
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ORLIŃSKI, Piotr, Marcin WOJS, Mateusz BEDNARSKI, and Mieczysław SIKORA. "Evaluation of the effect of the addition of bioethanol to gas oil on coking diesel engine injector terminals." Combustion Engines 178, no. 3 (July 1, 2019): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-2019-313.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
The article presents the results of empirical research and their analysis regarding the impact of diesel oil and diesel oil mixture with bioethanol on coking the test injector nozzles of the XUD9 engine from PSA. The research included three fuel deals: diesel fuel as the base fuel and diesel oil mix with ONE10 bioethanol (10% bioethanol plus diesel oil (V/V)), ONE20 (20% bioethanol plus diesel oil (V/V)). They were conducted on the basis of CEC PF-023 developed by CEC (Coordinating European Council). Each of the above-mentioned fuels was tested using a new set of injectors. The propensity of the fuel for coking the injector tips was expressed as a percentage reduction in the air flow through the nozzles of each injector for the given sheer increments. The test result was the average percentage of airflow reduction for all nozzles at 0.1 mm spike increments and was measured according to ISO 4010 "Diesel engines. Calibrating nozzle, delay pintle type”. The test results for individual atomizers of the above-mentioned test engine in the area of sediment formation from flowing fuel shown a lower tendency to coke the injectors using diesel fuel-bioethanol in comparison to the use of pure diesel oil. Based on the CEC PF-023 test, it can be noticed that the level of contamination of the tested injectors for ONE10 fuel is about 3% lower, and for ONE20 fuel is about 4% lower than the level of pollution for diesel fuel.
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SOCHACZEWSKI, Rafał, Zbigniew CZYŻ, and Ksenia SIADKOWSKA. "Modeling a fuel injector for a two-stroke diesel engine." Combustion Engines 170, no. 3 (August 1, 2017): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-2017-325.

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Анотація:
This paper discusses the modeling of a fuel injector to be applied in a two-stroke diesel engine. A one-dimensional model of a diesel injector was modeled in the AVL Hydsim. The research assumption is that the combustion chamber will be supplied with one or two spray injectors with a defined number of nozzle holes. The diameter of the nozzle holes was calculated for the defined options to provide a correct fuel amount for idling and the maximum load. There was examined the fuel mass per injection and efficient flow area. The studies enabled us to optimize the injector nozzle, given the option of fuel injection into the combustion chamber to be followed.
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Liu, Dai, Yingzhu Guo, Long Liu, Qian Xia, and Yong Gui. "Optimization of Marine Medium Speed Diesel Engine Performance based on Multi-Injector System." E3S Web of Conferences 236 (2021): 01026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123601026.

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Анотація:
Multi-injector system is potential to improve thermal efficiency and NOx emission of diesel engine at the same time. In order to optimize the combustion and emission of Marine medium speed diesel engine, the engine combustion with a multi-injector system is simulated and analyzed by CFD software Converge. In this research, two injectors are installed at the side of the cylinder head while the central injector is maintained. Various injection directions of side injectors and injection strategies of multi-injector system are simulated to optimize the fuel spray and combustion. The analysis results show that the spray angle of the side injector plays a key role for effective thermal efficiency improvement, since complex spray jet-jet interaction and spray impingement may deteriorate the combustion if the arrangement of spray angle was not set properly. Once the fuel injection direction has been optimized, the fuel ratio of the three injectors is optimized and improved the effective thermal efficiency with lower NOx emission. The results show that the two side injectors could increase the fuel injection rate into the cylinder, leading to high brake power and consequently increased the thermal efficiency by 1.26% and decreased the NOx emission by 16% for the best optimization.
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10

Ismael, Mhadi Abaker, Morgan Ramond Heikal, and Masri Ben Baharoom. "Spray Characteristics of Diesel-CNG Dual Fuel Jet Using Schlieren Imaging Technique." Applied Mechanics and Materials 663 (October 2014): 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.663.58.

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Анотація:
Natural gas is a low cost fuel with high availability in nature. However, it cannot be used by itself in conventional diesel engines due to its low flame speed and high ignition temperature. The addition of a secondary fuel to enhance the mixture formation and combustion process facilitate its wider use as an alternative fuel. An experimental study was performed to investigate the diesel-CNG dual fuel jet characteristics such as: jet tip penetration, jet cone angle and jet tip velocity. A constant-volume optical chamber was designed to facilitate maximum optical access for the study of the jet macroscopic characteristics at different injection pressures and temperatures. The bottom plate of the test rig was made of aluminum (piston material) and it was heated up to 500 K at ambient pressure. An injector driver was used to control the single-hole nozzle diesel injector combined with a natural gas injector. The injection timing of both injectors were synchronized with a camera trigger. Macroscopic properties of diesel and diesel-CNG dual fuel jets were recorded with a high speed camera using the Schlieren imaging technique and associated image processing. Measurements of the jet characteristics of diesel and diesel-CNG dual fuel are compared together under evaporative and non-evaporative conditions as well as different injection pressures are presented in this paper.
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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Diesel fuel injector"

1

Bergstrand, David. "Investigation of Internal Diesel Injector Deposits on fuel injector performance for proposal of injector test rig test method." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Elektricitetslära, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-417012.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
With increasing demands for lowering emissions from diesel engines, bio fuel has been introduced to the fuel mixture. This fuel is based on vegetable oil with a much smaller carbon footprint than fossil fuel. The chemical composition of bio fuel has lead to deposits forming inside the fuel injector in diesel engines, these deposits are usually denoted as Internal Diesel Injector Deposits (IDID). At Scania CV AB an injector test rig is designed with the goal of creating and investigating IDID. This project has made a theoretical investigation of how IDID are formed and how this affects the mechanics inside the injector. It has also analysed injector components from a worst case scenario perspective in order to find a testing method for creating IDID in the test rig. By analysing performance changes from a build-up perspective, where IDID decreases the tolerances inside the injector, as well as friction, formed when deposits cause injector mechanics to stick together, it has been found that injector performance does hardly change from build-up and that performance changes only occur when friction is introduced. From the injector component analysis it is found that the limiting factors in rig testing come from fuel system components rather than the injector itself. This is the base for a rig running test method presented.
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2

Reid, Benjamin A. "An optical investigation of cavitation phenomena in true-scale high-pressure diesel fuel injector nozzles." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2010. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/6358.

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Анотація:
Efforts to improve diesel fuel sprays have led to a significant increase in fuel injection pressures and a reduction in nozzle-hole diameters. Under these conditions, the likelihood for the internal nozzle flow to cavitate is increased, which potentially affects spray breakup and atomisation, but also increases the risk of causing cavitation damage to the injector. This thesis describes the study of cavitating flow phenomena in various single and multi-hole optical nozzle geometries. It includes the design and development of a high-pressure optical fuel injector test facility with which the cavitating flows were observed. Experiments were undertaken using real-scale optical diesel injector nozzles at fuel injection pressures up to 2050 bar, observing for the first time the characteristics of the internal nozzle-flow under realistic fuel injection conditions. High-speed video and high resolution photography, using laser illumination sources, were used to capture the cavitating flow in the nozzle-holes and sac volume of the optical nozzles, which contained holes ranging in size from 110 micrometers to 300 micrometers. Geometric cavitation in the nozzle-holes and string cavitation formation in the nozzle-holes and sac volume were both observed using transient and steady-state injection conditions; injecting into gaseous and liquid back pressures up to 150 bar. Results obtained have shown that cavitation strings observed at realistic fuel injection pressures exhibit the same physical characteristics as those observed at lower pressures. The formation of string cavitation was observed in the 300 micrometers multi-hole nozzle geometries, exhibiting a mutual dependence on nozzle flow-rate and the geometry of the nozzle-holes. Pressure changes, caused by localised turbulent perturbations in the sac volume and transient fuel injection characteristics, independently affected the geometric and string cavitation formation in each of the holes. String cavitation formation of was shown to occur when free-stream vapour was entrained into the low pressure core of a sufficiently intense coherent vortex. Hole diameters less than or equal to 160 micrometers were found to suppress string cavitation formation, with this effect a result of the reduced nozzle flow rate and vortex intensity. Using different hole spacing geometries, it was demonstrated that the formation of cavitation strings in a particular geometry became independent of fuel injection and back pressure once a threshold pressure drop across the nozzle had been reached.
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3

Carreres, Talens Marcos. "Thermal effects influence on the Diesel injector performance through a combined 1D modelling and experimental approach." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/73066.

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Анотація:
[EN] The injection system is one of the topics that has been paid most attention to by researchers in the field of direct injection diesel engines, due to its key role on fuel atomization, vaporization and air-fuel mixing process, which directly affect fuel consumption, noise irradiation and pollutant emissions. The increasing injection pressures in modern engines have propitiated the need of studying phenomena such as cavitation, compressible flow or the effect of changes in the fuel properties along the process, whose relative importance was lower in early stages of the reciprocating engines development. The small dimensions of the injector ducts, the high velocities achieved through them and the transient nature of the process hinder the direct observation of these facts. Computational tools have then provided invaluable help in the field. The objective of the present thesis is to analyse the influence of the thermal effects on the performance of a diesel injector. To this end, the fuel temperature variation through the injector restrictions must be estimated. The influence of these changes on the fuel thermophyisical properties relevant for the injection system also needs to be assessed, due to its impact on injector dynamics and the injection rate shape. In order to give answer to the previous objectives, both experimental and computational techniques have been employed. A dimensional and a hydraulic experimental characterization of a solenoid-actuated Bosch CRI 2.20 injector has been carried out, including rate of injection measurements at a wide range of operating conditions, with special attention to the fuel temperature control. A 1D computational model of the injector has been implemented in order to confirm and further extend the findings from the experiments. Local variations of fuel temperature and pressure are considered by the model thanks to the assumption of adiabatic flow, for which the experimental characterization of the fuel properties at high pressure also had to be performed. The limits of the validity of this assumption have been carefully assessed in the study. Results show a significant influence of the fuel temperature at the injector inlet on injection rate and duration, attributed to the effect of the variation of the fuel properties and to the fact that the injector remains in ballistic operation for most of its real operating conditions. Fuel temperature changes along the injector control orifices are able to importantly modify its dynamic behaviour. In addition, if the fuel at the injector inlet is at room temperature or above, the temperature at the nozzle outlet has not been proved to importantly change once steady-state conditions are achieved. However, a significant heating may take place for fuel temperatures at the injector inlet typical of cold-start conditions.
[ES] El sistema de inyección es uno de los elementos que más interés ha despertado en la investigación en el campo de los motores diésel de inyección directa, debido a su papel clave en la atomización y vaporización del combustible así como en el proceso de mezcla, que afectan directamente al consumo y la generación de ruido y emisiones contaminantes. Las crecientes presiones de inyección en motores modernos han propiciado la necesidad de estudiar fenómenos como la cavitación, flujo compresible o el efecto de los cambios de las propiedades del combustible a lo largo del proceso, cuya importancia relativa era menor en etapas tempranas del desarrollo de los motores alternativos. Las pequeñas dimensiones de los conductos del inyector, las altas velocidades a través de los mismos y la naturaleza transitoria del proceso dificultan la observación directa en estas cuestiones. Por ello, las herramientas computacionales han proporcionado una ayuda inestimable en el campo. El objetivo de la presente tesis es analizar la influencia de los efectos térmicos en el funcionamiento de un inyector diésel. Para tal fin, se debe estimar la variación de la temperatura del combustible a lo largo de las restricciones internas del inyector. La influencia de estos cambios en las propiedades termofísicas del combustible más relevantes en el sistema de inyección también debe ser evaluada, debido a su impacto en la dinámica del inyector y en la forma de la tasa de inyección. Para dar respuesta a estos objetivos, se han utilizado técnicas experimentales y computacionales. Se ha llevado a cabo una caracterización dimensional e hidráulica de un inyector Bosch CRI 2.20 actuado mediante solenoide, incluyendo medidas de tasa de inyección en un amplio rango de condiciones de operación, para lo que se ha prestado especial atención al control de la temperatura del combustible. Se ha implementado un modelo 1D del inyector para confirmar y extender las observaciones extra\'idas de los experimentos. El modelo considera variaciones locales de presión y temperatura del combustible gracias a la hipótesis de flujo adiabático, para lo cual también se ha tenido que llevar a cabo una caracterización experimental de las propiedades del combustible a alta presión. Los límites de la validez de esta hipótesis se han analizado cuidadosamente en el estudio. Los resultados muestran una influencia significativa de la temperatura del combustible a la entrada del inyector en la tasa y duración de inyección, atribuida al efecto de la variación de las propiedades del combustible y al hecho de que el inyector permanece en operación balística para la mayoría de sus condiciones de funcionamiento. Los cambios en temperatura del combustible a lo largo de los orificios de control del inyector son capaces de modificar su dinámica considerablemente. Además, si el combustible a la entrada del inyector se encuentra a temperatura ambiente o por encima, se ha observado que la temperatura a la salida de la tobera no varía de manera importante una vez se alcanzan condiciones estacionarias. No obstante, un calentamiento significativo puede tener lugar para temperaturas de entrada típicas de las condiciones de arranque en frío.
[CAT] El sistema d'injecció és un dels elements que més interés ha despertat en la investigació en el camp dels motors dièsel d'injecció directa, degut al seu paper clau en l'atomització i vaporització del combustible, així com en el procés de mescla, que afecten directament el consum i la generació de soroll i emissions contaminants. Les creixents pressions d'injecció en motors moderns han propiciat la necessitat d'estudiar fenòmens com la cavitació, flux compressible o l'efecte dels canvis de les propietats del combustible al llarg del procés, la importància relativa dels quals era menor en les primeres etapes del desenvolupament dels motors alternatius. Les menudes dimensions dels conductes de l'injector, les altes velocitats a través dels mateixos i la natura transitòria del procés dificulten l'observació directa en estes qüestions. Per això, les ferramentes computacionals han proporcionat una ajuda inestimable en el camp. L'objectiu de la present tesi és analitzar la influència dels efectes tèrmics en el funcionament d'un injector dièsel. Per a tal fi, es deu estimar la variació de la temperatura del combustible al llarg de les restriccions internes de l'injector. La influència d'estos canvis en les propietats termofísiques del combustible més relevants en el sistema d'injecció també ha de ser avaluada, degut al seu impacte en la dinàmica de l'injector i en la forma de la tasa d'injecció. Per tal de donar resposta a estos objectius, s'han utilitzat tècniques experimentals i computacionals. S'ha dut a terme una caracterització dimensional i hidràulica d'un injector Bosch CRI 2.20 actuat mitjançant solenoide, incloent mesures de tasa d'injecció en un ampli rang de condicions d'operació, per al que s'ha prestat especial atenció al control de la temperatura del combustible. S'ha implementat un model 1D de l'injector per tal de confirmar i estendre les observacions extretes dels experiments. El model considera variacions locals de pressió i temperatura del combustible gràcies a la hipòtesi de flux adiabàtic, per la qual cosa també s'ha hagut de dur a terme una caracterització experimental de les propietats del combustible a alta pressió. Els límits de la validesa d'esta hipòtesi s'han analitzat acuradament en l'estudi. Els resultats mostren una influència significativa de la temperatura del combustible a l'entrada de l'injector en la tasa i duració d'injecció, atribuïda a l'efecte de la variació de les propietats del combustible i al fet que l'injector roman en operació balística per a la majoria de les seues condicions de funcionament. Els canvis en temperatura del combustible al llarg dels orificis de control de l'injector són capaços de modificar la seua dinàmica considerablement. A més, si el combustible a l'entrada de l'injector es troba a temperatura ambient o per damunt, s'ha observat que la temperatura a l'eixida de la tobera no varia de manera important una vegada s'han assolit condicions estacionàries. No obstant això, un escalfament significatiu pot tenir lloc per a temperatures d'entrada típiques de les condicions d'arrancada en fred.
Carreres Talens, M. (2016). Thermal effects influence on the Diesel injector performance through a combined 1D modelling and experimental approach [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/73066
TESIS
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4

PAOLICELLI, FEDERICA. "Hydraulic circuit layout analysis, diagnostics and control of the injection process in Common Rail diesel fuel injection systems." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2690958.

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Анотація:
Current fuel injection systems should provide more and more reliable performance in management and control of the injection event, to improve the efficiency of the fuel combustion process and thus meet both environmental and consumer demands. Small fuel quantities are usually injected before the main injection to reduce the combustion noise. Whereas, small injections following the main shot are employed to optimize the combustion development and to reduce pollutant emissions. Since the number of shots in multiple injections has increased over the years, the injected amount of fuel for each shot has become smaller, given a fix total amount of fuel. The control of injected fuel quantities is therefore a demanding task and any failure causes a worse combustion process and higher pollutant emissions. This study is focused on the modelling of Common Rail (CR) fuel injection systems for diesel applications and the implementation of specific mathematical techniques to examine phenomena pertaining to the fuel injection dynamics. New methodologies for detecting key events of the injection process and to estimate the injected fuel quantity have been developed for control purposes. A 1D numerical model of a solenoid-actuated injector equipped with a pressure-balanced pilot-valve has internally been developed to evaluate the main hydraulic and mechanical quantities. The impact of a pressure-balanced and a standard pilot-valve layout has been investigated, and the performance of a standard CR system has been compared to that of a novel injection system concept, i.e., the Common Feeding (CF). A sensitivity analysis of the main design parameters of the pressure-balanced pilot-valve layout has been carried out, with the purpose of improving the general performance of the system. A dedicated lumped parameter model of the high-pressure hydraulic circuit of the CR system has been used to calculate the natural frequencies and modes of vibration. It has been found that the direction and the magnitude of the fuel flow rates along each pipe of the apparatus can be derived from the first three modes (and the corresponding eigenvectors). The main objective is to identify which components could primarily be stressed for the main modes of vibration. Finally, external forcing terms acting on the system have been investigated to determine possible causes of hydraulic resonance. The identification of specific events that characterize the injection process, such as pilot-valve and injector nozzle opening and closure phases, might play a significant role for diagnostics and control of the system in on-board and real-life applications. To this end, time-frequency analysis techniques have been used to detect key events of the injection process. The method has then been applied to several working conditions to test its robustness. Specifically, the pressure time-history acquired along the rail-to-injector pipe has been transformed from the time domain into the joint time-frequency domain, so that changes within the new signal would highlight the events to be detected. Even though the diagnostics of injection events is an important topic, one of the main issues for injection systems is the absence of a closed-loop real-time control. The control unit should be able to evaluate the amount of fuel injected into the combustion chamber and eventually to correct it, based on the comparison with the target quantity stored in the engine maps. In this perspective, a quadratic correlation between the fuel amount that enters the injector and the injected fuel quantity has been found. The presented algorithm, which is specific for small injections, converts the pressure time-history acquired along the rail-to-injector pipe into an instantaneous fuel flow rate, calculates the fuel amount at the injector inlet by integration and the actual injected fuel quantity by means of the quadratic correlation. The entire process can be executed in real-time.
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5

Königsson, Fredrik. "Advancing the Limits of Dual Fuel Combustion." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Förbränningsmotorteknik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-96945.

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There is a growing interest in alternative transport fuels. There are two underlying reasons for this interest; the desire to decrease the environmental impact of transports and the need to compensate for the declining availability of petroleum. In the light of both these factors the Diesel Dual Fuel, DDF, engine is an attractive concept. The primary fuel of the DDF engine is methane, which can be derived both from renewables and from fossil sources. Methane from organic waste; commonly referred to as biomethane, can provide a reduction in greenhouse gases unmatched by any other fuel. The DDF engine is from a combustion point of view a hybrid between the diesel and the otto engine and it shares characteristics with both. This work identifies the main challenges of DDF operation and suggests methods to overcome them. Injector tip temperature and pre-ignitions have been found to limit performance in addition to the restrictions known from literature such as knock and emissions of NOx and HC. HC emissions are especially challenging at light load where throttling is required to promote flame propagation. For this reason it is desired to increase the lean limit in the light load range in order to reduce pumping losses and increase efficiency. It is shown that the best results in this area are achieved by using early diesel injection to achieve HCCI/RCCI combustion where combustion phasing is controlled by the ratio between diesel and methane. However, even without committing to HCCI/RCCI combustion and the difficult control issues associated with it, substantial gains are accomplished by splitting the diesel injection into two and allocating most of the diesel fuel to the early injection. HCCI/RCCI and PPCI combustion can be used with great effect to reduce the emissions of unburned hydrocarbons at light load. At high load, the challenges that need to be overcome are mostly related to heat. Injector tip temperatures need to be observed since the cooling effect of diesel flow through the nozzle is largely removed. Through investigation and modeling it is shown that the cooling effect of the diesel fuel occurs as the fuel resides injector between injections and not during the actual injection event. For this reason; fuel residing close to the tip absorbs more heat and as a result the dependence of tip temperature on diesel substitution rate is highly non-linear. The problem can be reduced greatly by improved cooling around the diesel injector. Knock and preignitions are limiting the performance of the engine and the behavior of each and how they are affected by gas quality needs to be determined. Based on experiences from this project where pure methane has been used as fuel; preignitions impose a stricter limit on engine operation than knock.
QC 20120626
Diesel Dual Fuel
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6

Sjöberg, Magnus. "The rotating injector as a tool for exploring DI diesel combustion and emissions formation processes." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Machine Design, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3208.

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A diesel fuel injector has been modified to allow rotationaround its axis, driven by an electric motor. Injections at upto 6000 rpm from the rotating injector have been investigatedunder the influence of air swirl on one optical research engineand one optically accessible heavy-duty diesel engine.

The experiments show that changing from a normal, staticinjection to a sweeping injection has profound effects on sprayformation, dispersion and penetration. This influences thefuel/air-mixing, autoignition, combustion rate and emissionsformation. The spray propagation is stronger influenced byinjector rotation than by air swirl.

The air entrainment into the spray increases forcounter-swirl rotation of the injector and this speeds up thevaporization and decreases the formation of soot. In addition,the oxidation of soot is enhanced since the counter-swirlinjection forces the intense fuel-rich and soot containingspray core to penetrate into fresh air instead of replenishingthe rich regions in the head of the spray. Fuel accumulationalong the piston bowl wall decreases as an effect of thereduced penetration with counter-swirl injection. Altogether,this decreases the smoke emissions for low and intermediateengine loads.

For the combustion system studied, counter-swirl rotation ofthe injector cannot decrease the smoke emissions at high engineload since the reduced spray penetration impairs the airutilization. Fast and efficient combustion at high loadrequires spray induced flame spread out into the squish region.Spray induced flow of cool fresh air from the bottom of thepiston bowl in towards the injector is also important for lowsoot formation rates.

Co-swirl rotation of the injector reduces the airentrainment into the spray and increases the soot formation.The increased smoke and CO emissions with co-swirl injectionare also attributed to the excessively large fuel-rich regionsbuilt up against the piston bowl wall.

Increased air swirl generally reduces smoke and COemissions. This is mainly an effect of enhanced burnout due tomore intense mixing after the end of fuel injection.

Changes in smoke as an effect of injector rotation aregenerally accompanied with opposite, but relatively small,changes in NO. Fast and efficient burnout is important for lowsmoke emissions and this raises both the temperature andproduction of NO. NO production is strongly influenced by thein-cylinder conditions during the latter part of themixing-controlled combustion and in the beginning of theburnout.

Keywords:diesel spray combustion, rotating injector,air swirl, air/fuel-mixing, soot, NO, CO, flame visualization,Chemkin modeling, soot deposition

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7

Gavaises, Manolis. "Modelling of diesel fuel injection processes." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8681.

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8

Wåhlin, Fredrik. "Direct-injected HCCI with diesel fuel /." Stockholm, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-518.

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9

Baniasad, Mohammad Saeid. "Analysis of fuel injection rate in diesel injection systems." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/7439.

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10

Park, Talus. "Dual fuel conversion of a direct injection diesel engine." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1999. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=460.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 1999.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 96 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 61-62).
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Книги з теми "Diesel fuel injector"

1

GmbH, Robert Bosch, ed. Diesel fuel-injection: An overview. 2nd ed. Stuttgart: Robert Bosch, 1996.

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2

-O, Riesenberg K., and Robert Bosch GmbH, eds. Diesel fuel injection: An overview. 2nd ed. Stuttgart: Bosch, 1994.

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3

Bowler, D. Diesel fuel injection and control. Milton Keynes: Delta Press, 1987.

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4

GmbH, Robert Bosch, ed. Diesel distributor fuel-injection pumps: Diesel engine managment. 3rd ed. Stuttgart: Robert Bosch, 1994.

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5

Engineers, Society of Automotive, and SAE World Congress (2006 : Detroit, Mich.), eds. Diesel fuel injection and sprays 2006. Warrendale, Pa: Society of Automotive Engineers, 2006.

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6

GmbH, Robert Bosch, ed. Diesel distributor fuel-injection pumps VE. 4th ed. Stuttgart: Robert Bosch, 1999.

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7

GmbH, Robert Bosch, ed. Diesel in-line fuel-injection pumps. 2nd ed. Stuttgart: Robert Bosch, 1994.

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8

GmbH, Robert Bosch, ed. Diesel in-line fuel-injection pumps. 2nd ed. Stuttgart: Robert Bosch, 1996.

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9

Engineers, Society of Automotive, and SAE World Congress (2005 : Detroit, Mich.), eds. Diesel fuel injection and sprays 2005. Warrendale, Pa: Society of Automotive Engineers, 2005.

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10

International Off-Highway & Powerplant Congress & Exposition (1985 Milwaukee, Wis.). Fuel injection equipment: Analysis and design. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers, 1985.

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Частини книг з теми "Diesel fuel injector"

1

Yasukawa, Yoshihito, Eiji Ishii, Kazuki Yoshimura, and Kiyotaka Ogura. "Fuel Spray Analysis Near Nozzle Outlet of Fuel Injector During Valve Movement." In 10. Tagung Diesel- und Benzindirekteinspritzung 2016, 345–62. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-15327-4_17.

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2

Traver, Michael, Yuanjiang Pei, Tom Tzanetakis, Roberto Torelli, Christopher Powell, and Sibendu Som. "Investigation and Simulation of Gasoline in a Diesel Fuel Injector for Gasoline Compression Ignition Applications." In Proceedings, 423–42. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-23181-1_21.

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3

Lomakin, G. V., V. E. Lazarev, and V. M. Myslyaev. "Experimental Estimation of Influence of Fuel Injector Nozzle Design on Output Parameters of Tractor Diesel." In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Industrial Engineering, 119–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95630-5_12.

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4

Hilgers, Michael, and Wilfried Achenbach. "The Fuel System and Fuel Injection." In The Diesel Engine, 25–29. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-60857-9_5.

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5

Egler, Walter, Rolf Jürgen Giersch, Friedrich Boecking, Jürgen Hammer, Jaroslav Hlousek, Patrick Mattes, Ulrich Projahn, Winfried Urner, and Björn Janetzky. "Fuel Injection Systems." In Handbook of Diesel Engines, 127–74. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-89083-6_5.

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6

Wintrich, Thomas, and Meike Keller. "Basic principles of diesel fuel injection." In Diesel Engine Management, 60–71. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-03981-3_6.

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7

Grieshabe, Hermann, and Jens Olaf Stein. "Overview of diesel fuel-injection systems." In Diesel Engine Management, 72–77. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-03981-3_7.

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8

Projahn, Ulrich, Helmut Randoll, Erich Biermann, Jörg Brückner, Karsten Funk, Thomas Küttner, Walter Lehle, and Joachim Zuern. "Fuel Injection System Control Systems." In Handbook of Diesel Engines, 175–91. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-89083-6_6.

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9

Grieshaber, Hermann, and Olaf Stein. "Basic principles of diesel fuel injection." In Fundamentals of Automotive and Engine Technology, 40–51. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-03972-1_5.

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10

Karathanassis, Ioannis K., Foivos (Phoevos) Koukouvinis, and Manolis Gavaises. "Multiphase Phenomena in Diesel Fuel Injection Systems." In Energy, Environment, and Sustainability, 95–126. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0335-1_8.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Diesel fuel injector"

1

Njere, Darlington, and Nwabueze Emekwuru. "Fuel spray vapour distribution correlations for a high pressure diesel fuel spray cases for different injector nozzle geometries." In ILASS2017 - 28th European Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ilass2017.2017.4951.

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The evolution of diesel fuel injection technology, to facilitate strong correlations of in-cylinder spray propagation with injection conditions and injector geometry, is crucial in facing emission challenges. More observations of spray propagation are, therefore, required to provide valuable information on how to ensure that all the injected fuel has maximum contact with the available air, to promote complete combustion and reduce emissions. In this study, high pressure diesel fuel sprays are injected into a constant-volume chamber at injection and ambient pressure values typical of current diesel engines. For these types of sprays the maximum fuel liquid phase penetration is different and reached sooner than the maximum fuel vapour phase penetration. Thus, the vapour fuel could reach the combustion chamber wall and could be convected and deflected by swirling air. In hot combustion chambers this impingement can be acceptable but this might be less so in larger combustion chambers with cold walls. The fuel-ambient mixture in vapourized fuel spray jets is essential to the efficient performance of these engines. For this work, the fuel vapour penetration values are presented for fuel injectors of different k-factors. The results indicate that the geometry of fuel injectors based on the k-factors appear to affect the vapour phase penetration more than the liquid phase penetration. This is a consequence of the effects of the injector types on the exit velocity of the fuel droplets.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ILASS2017.2017.4951
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2

Allocca, Luigi, S. Alfuso, A. Montanaro, G. Valentino, and M. Lolli. "Innovative Lift Direct Command to Inner Hydraulic Circuit Injector Comparison for Diesel Engines." In ASME 2006 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2006-1518.

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In this paper a comparative investigation between two different injectors for Common Rail diesel apparatus has been carried out in terms of transient response and spray pattern for different injection strategies. Performances of an innovative Magneti Marelli (MM) gasoline derived injector have been evaluated against the Bosch generation injectors for multiple strategies. Both injectors have operated on an automotive apparatus controlled by a Programmable Electronic Control Unit to set injection strategies in terms of pulses number, duration and dwell time. The working mode of the two injectors is completely different: the Bosch injector is activated by the inner fuel hydraulic circuit while the Magneti Marelli one operates a direct control of the needle lift through the solenoid currents. The Bosch nozzle characteristics are 5 holes, 150° spray angle, and 0,13 mm diameter. The MM injector main characteristics are low hydraulic losses, simple component structure and ready use of the fuel at the nozzle opening being able to control small fuel flow rates (0.1 mg/str) in the injection pressures range 20–70 MPa. The geometry of the nozzle is quite similar to the Bosch one being a 5 hole, 150° spray angle, 0.12 mm diameter. Single, pilot+main and pilot+split main strategies have been explored for the two injectors at 50 and 60 MPa injection pressures investigating the spray behavior for two amounts of injected fuel (5.0 and 6.5 mg/str). The systems have been characterized in terms of injected fuel rate as well spatial and temporal behavior of the emerging jets from the nozzle. Images of the spray have been collected by a synchronized CCD camera at different time from the start of injection. The jets have evolved in an optically accessible high pressure vessel at ambient temperature as well in an optically accessible single-cylinder 2-stroke Diesel engine extracting the fuel spray parameters from the collected images applying a digital processing techniques. Due to the diverse mechanism of the injector actuation, a different temporal and spatial fuel distribution has been registered for the two apparatuses. These could strongly influence the air/fuel mixture formation and combustion process with effect on the emissions. Preliminary engine tests performed on a light duty direct injection diesel engine, equipped with the MM injector, have highlighted the potential of the MM injector to handle acceptable engine performances.
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3

Goto, Shinichi, and Kazuo Kontani. "A Dual Fuel Injector for Diesel Engines." In 1985 SAE International Off-Highway and Powerplant Congress and Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/851584.

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4

Farooqi, Q. R., S. Anwar, and B. Snyder. "Diesel Engine Injector Waveform Monitoring in Real-Time for Fuel Efficiency." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-89188.

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This paper presents the development, experimentation and validation of a reliable and robust system, which can be easily calibrated for different engine platforms, to monitor the injector pulse generated by an Engine Control Module (ECM) and feedback the corresponding fueling quantity to the real-time computer in a closed-loop Controller in the loop (CIL) bench in order to achieve optimal fueling. This research utilized Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) and Direct Memory Access (DMA) transfer capability to achieve high speed data acquisition and delivery. The research is conducted in two stages, first stage was to study the variability involved in the injected fueling quantity from pulse to pulse, from injector to injector, between real injector stators and inductor load cells, over different operating conditions. Different thresholds were experimented to find out the best start of injection (SOI) threshold and the end of injection (EOI) threshold that captured the injector “on-time” with best reliability and accuracy. Second stage involved development of a system that interprets the injector pulse into fueling quantity; the system can be easily calibrated to be used over various platforms. Finally, the use of resulting correction table was found to capture the fueling quantity with best accuracy.
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5

Sinko, K. M., S. Shih, and B. Chehroudi. "Emission Characteristics of a Dual-Injector Diesel Fuel Injection System." In International Congress & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/960839.

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6

Wakai, Kensuke, Keiya Nishida, Takuo Yoshizaki, and Hiroyuki Hiroyasu. "Ignition Delays of DME and Diesel Fuel Sprays Injected by a D.I. Diesel Injector." In International Fuels & Lubricants Meeting & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/1999-01-3600.

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7

Miers, Scott A., Alan L. Kastengren, Essam M. El-Hannouny, and Douglas E. Longman. "An Experimental Investigation of Biodiesel Injection Characteristics Using a Light-Duty Diesel Injector." In ASME 2007 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2007-1735.

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The objective of this research was to experimentally evaluate the effects of two biodiesel fuels with different viscosities on fuel injection characteristics using a light-duty, common-rail, diesel injection system. A pure biodiesel (B100) and a 50/50 blend of pure biodiesel and refined, bleached, and deodorized vegetable oil (B50V50) were compared with a laboratory diesel fuel equivalent (D100). The fuel viscosity ranged from 2.6 cSt (D100) to 10.9 cSt (B50V50). Three injection pressures and two injector nozzle geometries and surface finishes were also investigated. Measurements of the injected fuel quantity showed that as fuel viscosity increased, the injected volume decreased and the variability in the injected volume tended to increase. This effect was more significant in an injector nozzle with converging, highly hydro-ground holes than one with straight, lightly hydroground holes. The rate-of-injection (ROI) data were quite similar for D100 and B100 when using the straight, lightly hydro-ground nozzle. There is a marked reduction in peak injection rate for the B100, compared to D100, when the highly hydro-ground nozzle was utilized. With both nozzles, the B50V50 blend produced narrower ROI curves with peak injection rates equal to or exceeding those of D100 fuel. For all three fuels, the start-of-injection delay increased as fuel viscosity increased. The end-of-injection time was very similar for D100 and B100 but was advanced for the B50V50 blend.
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8

Grochowina, Marcus, Daniel Hertel, Simon Tartsch, and Thomas Sattelmayer. "Ignition of Diesel Pilot Fuel in Dual-Fuel Engines." In ASME 2018 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2018-9671.

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Dual-Fuel (DF) engines offer great fuel flexibility combined with low emissions in gas mode. The main source of energy in this mode is provided by gaseous fuel, while the Diesel fuel acts only as an ignition source. For this reason, the reliable autoignition of the pilot fuel is of utmost importance for combustion in DF-engines. However, the autoignition of the pilot fuel suffers from low compression temperatures caused by Miller valve timings. These valve timings are applied to increase efficiency and reduce nitrogen oxide emissions. Previous studies have investigated the influence of injection parameters and operating conditions on ignition and combustion in DF-engines using a unique periodically chargeable combustion cell. Direct light high-speed images and pressure traces clearly revealed the effects of injection parameters and operating conditions on ignition and combustion. However, these measurement techniques are only capable of observing processes after ignition. In order to overcome this drawback, a high-speed shadowgraph technique was applied in this study to examine the processes prior to ignition. Measurements were conducted to investigate the influence of compression temperature and injection pressure on spray formation and ignition. Results showed that the autoignition of Diesel pilot fuel strongly depends on the fuel concentration within the spray. The high-speed shadowgraph images revealed that in the case of very low fuel concentration within the pilot spray only the first-stage of the two-stage ignition occurs. This leads to large cycle-to-cycle variations and misfiring. However, it was found that a reduced number of injection holes counteracts these effects. The comparison of a Diesel injector with 10-holes and a modified injector with 5-holes showed shorter ignition delays, more stable ignition and a higher number of ignited sprays on a percentage basis for the 5-hole nozzle.
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9

Powell, C. F., A. L. Kastengren, Z. Liu, and K. Fezzaa. "The Effects of Diesel Injector Needle Motion on Spray Structure." In ASME 2009 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2009-14076.

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The internal structure of diesel fuel injectors is known to have a significant impact on the steady-state fuel distribution within the spray. However, little experimental or computational work has been performed on the dynamics of fuel injectors. Recent studies have shown that it is possible to measure the three-dimensional geometry of the injector nozzle, and to track changes in that geometry as the needle opens and closes in real time. This has enabled the dynamics of the injector to be compared with the dynamics of the spray, and allows CFD simulations to use realistic time-dependent flow passage geometries. In this study, x-ray phase-enhanced imaging has been used to perform time-resolved imaging of the needle seat area in several common-rail diesel injection nozzles. The fuel distributions of the sprays emitted by these injectors were also studied with fast x-ray radiography. Correlations between eccentric motions of the injector needle valve and oscillations in the fuel density as it emerges from the nozzle are examined. CFD modeling is used to interpret the effect of needle motion on fuel flow.
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10

Johnson, Samuel E., Jaclyn E. Nesbitt, and Jeffrey D. Naber. "Mass and Momentum Flux Measurements With a High Pressure Common Rail Diesel Fuel Injector." In ASME 2010 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2010-35171.

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The combined optimization of diesel engine power, fuel consumption, and emissions output significantly drives the development and tuning of engines. One leading subsystem that continues to receive major development and advancement is the fuel system. High pressure common rail systems lead fuel injection technology and utilize both solenoid and piezoelectric actuated injectors with a wide range of pressure and injection scheduling control. To optimize engine operation the fuel system’s capability is implemented through complex fuel scheduling coupled with charge preparation. With the number of parameters to control, fuel delivery (including dynamic flow characteristics) is one that must be well understood. Most rate of injection systems provide mass flow rate; however, studies have shown that momentum flux is a critical parameter controlling spray entrainment and penetration. To obtain the mass flow rate and momentum flux for a high pressure common rail diesel fuel injector, a rate of injection meter was designed, constructed, and tested allowing for the dynamic measurement of fuel injection with the capability of in-situ operation in a combustion vessel. Measurements were obtained by recording the force signal from a fuel spray jet impinging on the anvil of a force transducer. Combining the force signal with a measure of cumulative injected mass enables calculation of mass and momentum dynamics. The injection system consisted of a Bosch Generation 2 CRIP 2.2 solenoid controlled fuel injector with a single hole 0.129 mm diameter injector nozzle, driven by a custom programmable injector driver from Southwest Research Institute. Testing control variables were injection pressure and injection duration while using #2 ULSD fuel. Initial results showed high repeatability with a COV of less than 1.1 percent for all injection parameters with an average Cd of 0.92 and Ca of 0.97 for a mean injection pressure of 852 bar. A six point injection pressure sweep from 1000 to 1810 bar showed a 1.74 mg/ms overall increase in injection rate and a 0.16 ms overall decrease in fuel discharge duration. A six point injection duration sweep from 0.25 ms to 1.50 ms showed a 3.36 mg/ms total injection rate increase and a 0.68 ms overall increase in fuel discharge time while maintaining a consistent start-of-injection delay. The results show that this injection rate apparatus provides needed information on injection characteristics to assist engine manufacturers with achieving goals of high power with minimal emissions. Furthermore, it has been shown that this system is versatile for future injector characterizations over a wide range of pressures and durations, along with fuel type and injector parameters including nozzle hole diameter.
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Звіти організацій з теми "Diesel fuel injector"

1

Chapman, Elana M., Andre L. Boehman, Kimberly Wain, Wallis Lloyd, Joseph M. Perez, Donald Stiver, and Joseph Conway. IMPACT OF DME-DIESEL FUEL BLEND PROPERTIES ON DIESEL FUEL INJECTION SYSTEMS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/802864.

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2

Elana M. Chapman, Andre Boehman, Kimberly Wain, Wallis Lloyd, Joseph M. Perez, Donald Stiver, and Joseph Conway. IMPACT OF DME-DIESEL FUEL BLEND PROPERTIES ON DIESEL FUEL INJECTION SYSTEMS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/828878.

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3

Elana M. Chapman, Andre Boehman, Kimberly Wain, Wallis Lloyd, Joseph M. Perez, Donald Stiver, and Joseph Conway. IMPACT OF DME-DIESEL FUEL BLEND PROPERTIES ON DIESEL FUEL INJECTION SYSTEMS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/821275.

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4

Lacey, Paul I., and Sidney J. Lestz. Fuel Lubricity Requirements for Diesel Injection Systems. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada235972.

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5

Woodford, J. B., and G. R. Fenske. Fabrication of small-orifice fuel injectors for diesel engines. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/861615.

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6

Johnson, R. N., and H. L. Hayden. Coal-fueled diesel technology development -- Fuel injection equipment for coal-fueled diesel engines. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10150057.

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7

Caton, J. A., and K. D. Kihm. Characterization of coal-water slurry fuel sprays from diesel engine injectors. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10104865.

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8

Spencer Pack. An Innovative Injection and Mixing System for Diesel Fuel Reforming. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/936087.

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9

Murayama, Tetsuya, Hidenori Kosaka, Tetsuya Aizawa, and Yukio Matsui. Control of Diesel Combustion Using Electronically Controlled Fuel Injection System. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-08-0636.

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10

Takezaki, Naoto, Yusuke Kinosita, and Satoshi Kato. Influence of DME Addition Fuel on Direct Injection Diesel Engine Diesel Particulate Matter (PM) Generation. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-08-0565.

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