Готові списки джерел за темами / Determinants and dynamics of infectious diseases

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Determinants and dynamics of infectious diseases"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 7 липня 2024

Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями

Оберіть тип джерела:

Ознайомтеся зі списками актуальних статей, книг, дисертацій, тез та інших наукових джерел на тему "Determinants and dynamics of infectious diseases".

Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.

Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.

Статті в журналах з теми "Determinants and dynamics of infectious diseases":

LIAO, C. M., S. C. YANG, C. P. CHIO, and S. C. CHEN. "Understanding influenza virus-specific epidemiological properties by analysis of experimental human infections." Epidemiology and Infection 138, no. 6 (November 18, 2009): 825–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268809991178.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

SUMMARYThis study aimed to estimate the natural history and transmission parameters based on experimental viral shedding and symptom dynamics in order to understand the key epidemiological factors that characterize influenza (sub)type epidemics. A simple statistical algorithm was developed by combining a well-defined mathematical scheme of epidemiological determinants and experimental human influenza infection. Here we showed that (i) the observed viral shedding dynamics mapped successfully the estimated time-profile of infectiousness and (ii) the profile of asymptomatic probability was obtained based on observed temporal variation of symptom scores. Our derived estimates permitted evaluation of relationships between various model-derived and data-based estimations, allowing evaluation of trends proposed previously but not tested fully. As well as providing insights into the dynamics of viral shedding and symptom scores, a more profound understanding of influenza epidemiological parameters and determinants could enhance the viral kinetic studies of influenza during infection in the respiratory tracts of experimentally infected individuals.

Grant, Andrew J., Gemma L. Foster, Trevelyan J. McKinley, Sam P. Brown, Simon Clare, Duncan J. Maskell, and Pietro Mastroeni. "Bacterial Growth Rate and Host Factors as Determinants of Intracellular Bacterial Distributions in Systemic Salmonella enterica Infections." Infection and Immunity 77, no. 12 (September 21, 2009): 5608–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00827-09.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

ABSTRACT Bacteria of the species Salmonella enterica cause a range of life-threatening diseases in humans and animals worldwide. The within-host quantitative, spatial, and temporal dynamics of S. enterica interactions are key to understanding how immunity acts on these infections and how bacteria evade immune surveillance. In this study, we test hypotheses generated from mathematical models of in vivo dynamics of Salmonella infections with experimental observation of bacteria at the single-cell level in infected mouse organs to improve our understanding of the dynamic interactions between host and bacterial mechanisms that determine net growth rates of S. enterica within the host. We show that both bacterial and host factors determine the numerical distributions of bacteria within host cells and thus the level of dispersiveness of the infection.

Fibriansah, Guntur, Xin-Ni Lim, and Shee-Mei Lok. "Morphological Diversity and Dynamics of Dengue Virus Affecting Antigenicity." Viruses 13, no. 8 (July 24, 2021): 1446. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13081446.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

The four serotypes of the mature dengue virus can display different morphologies, including the compact spherical, the bumpy spherical and the non-spherical clubshape morphologies. In addition, the maturation process of dengue virus is inefficient and therefore some partially immature dengue virus particles have been observed and they are infectious. All these viral particles have different antigenicity profiles and thus may affect the type of the elicited antibodies during an immune response. Understanding the molecular determinants and environmental conditions (e.g., temperature) in inducing morphological changes in the virus and how potent antibodies interact with these particles is important for designing effective therapeutics or vaccines. Several techniques, including cryoEM, site-directed mutagenesis, hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry, time-resolve fluorescence resonance energy transfer, and molecular dynamic simulation, have been performed to investigate the structural changes. This review describes all known morphological variants of DENV discovered thus far, their surface protein dynamics and the key residues or interactions that play important roles in the structural changes.

Quaglia, Agustin I., Erik M. Blosser, Bethany L. McGregor, Alfred E. Runkel, Kristin E. Sloyer, Dinesh Erram, Samantha M. Wisely, and Nathan D. Burkett-Cadena. "Tracking Community Timing: Pattern and Determinants of Seasonality in Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in Northern Florida." Viruses 12, no. 9 (August 25, 2020): 931. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12090931.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Community dynamics are embedded in hierarchical spatial–temporal scales that connect environmental drivers with species assembly processes. Culicoides species are hematophagous arthropod vectors of orbiviruses that impact wild and domestic ruminants. A better sense of Culicoides dynamics over time is important because sympatric species can lengthen the seasonality of virus transmission. We tested a putative departure from the four seasons calendar in the phenology of Culicoides and the vector subassemblage in the Florida panhandle. Two years of weekly abundance data, temporal scales, persistence and environmental thresholds were analyzed using a tripartite Culicoides β-diversity based modeling approach. Culicoides phenology followed a two-season regime and was explained by stream flow and temperature, but not rainfall. Species richness fit a nested pattern where the species recruitment was maximized during spring months. Midges were active year-round, and two suspected vectors species, Culicoides venustus and Culicoides stellifer, were able to sustain and connect the seasonal modules. Persistence suggests that Orbivirus maintenance does not rely on overwintering and that viruses are maintained year-round, with the seasonal dynamics resembling subtropical Culicoides communities with temporal-overlapping between multivoltine species. Viewing Culicoides-borne orbiviruses as a time-sensitive community-based issue, our results help to recommend when management operations should be delivered.

METCALF, C. J. E., O. N. BJØRNSTAD, M. J. FERRARI, P. KLEPAC, N. BHARTI, H. LOPEZ-GATELL, and B. T. GRENFELL. "The epidemiology of rubella in Mexico: seasonality, stochasticity and regional variation." Epidemiology and Infection 139, no. 7 (September 15, 2010): 1029–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268810002165.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

SUMMARYThe factors underlying the temporal dynamics of rubella outside of Europe and North America are not well known. Here we used 20 years of incidence reports from Mexico to identify variation in seasonal forcing and magnitude of transmission across the country and to explore determinants of inter-annual variability in epidemic magnitude in rubella. We found considerable regional variation in both magnitude of transmission and amplitude of seasonal variation in transmission. Several lines of evidence pointed to stochastic dynamics as an important driver of multi-annual cycles. Since average age of infection increased with the relative importance of stochastic dynamics, this conclusion has implications for the burden of congenital rubella syndrome. We discuss factors underlying regional variation, and implications of the importance of stochasticity for vaccination implementation.

Chukwuma Sr, Chrysanthus. "Features of the Emergence and Re-Emergence of Infectious Diseases, Geopolitics and Gain-of-Function Research." International Journal of Coronaviruses 3, no. 4 (January 3, 2022): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14302/issn.2692-1537.ijcv-21-4044.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

This paper attempts to present the dissemination and transmission dynamics of emerging and reemerging infectious diseases and the underlying features of gain-of-function research and geopolitics in the ambient within and across borders. Research and publication are relevant from perspectives in the management of local and global health because disease is perspicuously a geopolitical issue ostensibly linked to gain-of-function research where health diplomacy undergirds present and future global functionalities regarding the emergence and reemergence of infectious diseases. These have generated vehement reactions with propensity for extreme geopolitics and gain-of-function natural and anthropogenic activities. Geopolitical parameters and gain-of-function issues impact on the social determinants of health and vice versa. The convening and convergence of countries for unprecented epidemic or pandemic treaty settings or other formulations to confront emerging and reemerging infectious diseases will afford considerable opportunities concerning challenges in action, preparedness and response. Provisions are pertinent for legal instruments, effective and efficient systems to curb future threats and outbreaks of infectious diseases.

Chrysanthus, Chukwuma Sr. "Geopolitical issues in health and biosecurity concerning gain-of-function research, emergence and re-emergence of infectious diseases." International Journal of Clinical Virology 6, no. 1 (March 4, 2022): 011–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.29328/journal.ijcv.1001043.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

There are global concerns in the dissemination and transmission dynamics of emerging and reemerging infectious diseases and the underlying features of gain-of-function research and geopolitics within and across borders. These concerns have become pertinent in the management of local and global health because the disease is perspicuously a geopolitical issue ostensibly linked to gain-of-function research where health diplomacy focuses on the present and future global emergence and re-emergence of infectious diseases, pandemics, and microbiome variants. These have generated vehement reactions with a propensity for extreme geopolitics and gain-of-function natural and anthropogenic activities. Geopolitical parameters and gain-of-function issues impact the social determinants of health and vice versa. The convening and convergence of countries for unprecedented epidemic or pandemic treaty settings or other formulations to confront emerging and reemerging infectious diseases will afford considerable opportunities concerning challenges in action, preparedness, and response. Provisions are pertinent for legal instruments, effective and efficient systems to curb future threats and outbreaks of infectious diseases.

Sr, Dr Chrysanthus Chukwuma. "Perspectives in the Emergence and Re-Emergence of Infectious Diseases, Geopolitics and Gain-of-Function Research." Scholars International Journal of Biochemistry 5, no. 1 (January 7, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sijb.2022.v05i01.001.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Myall, A., I. Venkatachalam, C. Philip, M. Yin, D. Koon, S. Arora, Y. Yue, et al. "SPATIAL-TEMPORAL DETERMINANTS OF MDRO TRANSMISSION DYNAMICS: IMPLICATIONS FOR INFECTION CONTROL." International Journal of Infectious Diseases 130 (May 2023): S31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2023.04.071.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Verkade, Erwin, Birgit van Benthem, Marjolein Kluytmans-van den Bergh, Brigitte van Cleef, Miranda van Rijen, Thijs Bosch, and Jan Kluytmans. "Dynamics and Determinants of Staphylococcus aureus Carriage in Livestock Veterinarians: A Prospective Cohort Study." Clinical Infectious Diseases 57, no. 2 (April 15, 2013): e11-e17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/cit228.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Determinants and dynamics of infectious diseases":

Eames, K. "Dynamics of infectious diseases on mixing networks." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.598725.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

This thesis describes the development of models designed to capture the dynamics of infections taking place within mixing networks. These models, formulated as systems of differential equations using pair-wise moment closure techniques, are investigated for a wide variety of situations and shown to be highly flexible and often very different from traditional approaches. When compared to full stochastic simulations on computer-generated networks they are remarkably accurate, giving excellent agreement both to the initial growth and the equilibrium behaviour of epidemics. The models are used to investigate a range of interventions, including targeted control measures and contact tracing. Contact tracing, which attempts to identify contacts of infected individuals, is an intrinsically network-based intervention that the pair-wise models developed here are well suited to capturing. It is shown to be a naturally targeted and powerful control that can reduce prevalence by automatically concentrating efforts on high-risk subpopulations. Network methods are particularly applicable to sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), for which networks are relatively easy to define and frequently measured. To better capture the behaviour of STDs in the general population, a monogamous network model is developed, including partnership turnover within a serially monogamous society. The influence of turnover rates is apparent, and the reduced impact of high mixing groups within such populations has ramifications for the design of control policies. The presence of partnership dynamics within monogamous networks introduces a second time-scale that allows the existence of multiple pathogen strains whereas, in a polygamous environment, only one would be able to persist. The coexistence of otherwise mutually exclusive strains has implications for disease evolution, and demonstrates the importance of population mixing patterns and behaviour.

Okonna, Ime Udo. "Time-delayed models of infectious diseases dynamics." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2018. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/73551/.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

This research work is on time-delayed models of infectious diseases dynamics. The dynamics of infectious diseases are studied in the presence of time delays representing temporary immunity or latency. We have designed and analysed time-delayed models with various parameters to simulate disease dynamics, in a view to gaining insight into the behaviour of a population in the presence of infectious diseases, and the reaction of the population to changes in the management procedure of such infections.

Gupta, Sunetra. "Heterogeneity and the transmission dynamics of infectious diseases." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309107.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Russell, Colin Andrew. "Dynamics of acute infectious diseases in heterogeneous environments." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.614196.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Rudd, Matthew Francis, and mikewood@deakin edu au. "Virulence determinants of infectious bursal disease virus." Deakin University. School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 2003. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20050825.103742.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

The very virulent (vv) pathotype of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) has spread rapidly throughout Europe, Asia, and the Middle East. Although Australia is currently unaffected, there remains the potential for incursion of an exotic isolate. The aim of this study was to identify putative virulence determinants of IBDV to facilitate the development of improved diagnostic assays for detection and characterisation of vvIBDV isolates. Sequencing of Indonesian vvIBDV Tasik94 revealed a unique substitution [ A¨S222] in the hypervariable region (HVR) of viral protein (VP) VP2, which did not appear to impinge on virulence or antigenicity. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that Tasik94 was closely related to Asian and European vvIBDV strains. Extensive alignment of deduced protein sequences across the HVR of VP2 identified residuesI242 I256 and I294 as putative markers of the vv phcnotype. Comparison of the pathology induced by mildly-virulent Australian IBDV 002/73 and Indonesian vvIBDV Tasik94, revealed that histological lesions in the spleen, thymus and bone marrow were restricted to Tasik94-infected birds, suggesting the enhanced pathogenicity of vvIBDV might be attributed to replication in non-bursal lymphoid organs. The biological significance of the VP2 HVR in virulence was assessed using recombinant viruses generated by reverse genetics. Both genomic segments of Australian IBDV 002/73, and recombinant segment A constructs in which the HVR of 002/73 was replaced with the corresponding region of either tissue culture-adapted virus or vvIBDV (Tasik94), were cloned behind T7 RNA polymerase promoter sequences. In vitro transcription/translation of each construct resulted in expression of viral proteins. Co-transfection of synthetic RNA transcripts initiated replication of both tissue culture-adapted parental and recombinant viruses, however attempts to rescue non-adapted viruses in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens were unsuccessful. Nucleotide sequence variation in the HVR of VP2 was exploited for the development of a new diagnostic assay to rapidly detect exotic IBDV isolates, including vvIBDV, using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) amplification and Bmrl restriction enzyme digestion. The assay was capable of differentiating between endemic and exotic IBDV in 96% of 105 isolates sequenced to date.

Song, Wei Ash, and 宋威. "Demographic determinants of risk perception of newly emerging respiratory infectious diseases." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46941617.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Gaythorpe, Katherine. "The impact of natural disasters on the dynamics of infectious diseases." Thesis, University of Bath, 2016. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.681058.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Over the course of this thesis we will build and develop a model for the dynamics of an environmentally transmitted disease such as cholera. We will also develop methods to analyse and understand that model. The dynamics of a disease in a heterogeneous developing world city have not yet been fully explored, particularly when those dynamics are affected by a natural disaster. Yet, natural disasters such as floods alter infrastructure and population characteristics in a manner that affects disease transmission. Therefore, we shall address this omission from the literature. We will also develop a novel model analysis framework for 'systems epidemiology' where we combine systems biology techniques with epidemiological modelling.

Wilson, David. "The mathematical modelling of the cellular dynamics of human infectious diseases." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2003. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/37155/8/David%20Wilson%20Thesis.pdf.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Gabel, Michael [Verfasser], and Ursula [Akademischer Betreuer] Kummer. "Quantifying CD8+ T cell dynamics in infectious diseases / Michael Gabel ; Betreuer: Ursula Kummer." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1177251787/34.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

O'Connor, Daniel. "Genetics determinants of vaccine responses." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:6e529d46-4a1a-423e-87e1-eaee8977791d.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Vaccines have had a profound influence on human health with no other health intervention rivalling their impact on the morbidity and mortality associated with infectious disease. However, the magnitude and persistence of vaccine immunity varies considerably between individuals, a phenomenon that is not well understood. Recent studies have used contemporary technologies to correlate variations in the genome and transcriptome to complex phenotypic traits, and these approaches have started to provide fresh insight into the intrinsic factors determining the generation and persistence of vaccine-induced immunity. This thesis aimed to describe the relationship between genomic and transcriptomic variations, and the immunogenicity of childhood immunisations. Candidate gene and genome-wide genotyping was conducted to evaluate the influence of genetic variants on vaccine-induced immunity following childhood immunisation. Furthermore, contemporary methodologies were used to assess non-coding and coding gene transcript profiles following vaccination, to further dissect the molecular systems involved in vaccine responses. Key findings from this thesis include the description of the first genome-wide association studies into the persistence of immunity to three routine childhood immunisations: capsular group C meningococcal (MenC) conjugate vaccine, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccine and tetanus toxoid (TT) vaccine. Genome-wide genotyping was completed on over 2000 participants, with an additional 1000 participants genotyped at selected genetic markers. Genome-wide significant associations (p<5×10⁻⁸) were described between single- nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in two genes, CNTN6 and ENKUR, and the persistence of serological immunity to MenC following immunisation of children 6-15 years of age. In addition, genome-wide significant associations were described between SNPs within an intergenic region of chromosome 10 and the persistence of TT-specific IgG concentrations following childhood immunisations. Furthermore, a number of variants in loci with putative involvement in the immune system such as FOXP1, the human leukocyte antigen locus and the lambda light chain immunoglobulin locus, were shown to have suggestive associations (p<1×10⁻⁵) with the persistence of vaccine-induced serological immunity. The fundamental challenge will be to describe functional mechanisms associated with these findings, and to translate these into innovative and pragmatic strategies to develop new and more effective vaccines.

Більше джерел

Книги з теми "Determinants and dynamics of infectious diseases":

Ma, Zhien, Yicang Zhou, and Jianhong Wu. Modeling and dynamics of infectious diseases. Edited by ebrary Inc. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2009.

Знайти повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Anderson, Roy M. Infectious diseases of humans: Dynamics and control. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1991.

Знайти повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Stefan, Ma, and Xia Yingcun, eds. Mathematical Understanding of Infectious Disease Dynamics. Hackensack, NJ: World Scientific Pub Co, 2009.

Знайти повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Stefan, Ma, and Xia Yingcun, eds. Mathematical understanding of infectious disease dynamics. Hackensack, NJ: World Scientific Pub Co, 2009.

Знайти повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Chen, Dongmei, Bernard Moulin, and Jianhong Wu, eds. Analyzing and Modeling Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Infectious Diseases. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118630013.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Busenberg, Stavros N. Vertically transmitted diseases: Models and dynamics. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1993.

Знайти повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Apostolopoulos, Yiorgos, Sevil F. So nmez, and Mu zehner So nmez. Population mobility and infectious disease. New York, NY: Springer, 2010.

Знайти повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Casman, Elizabeth A. The contextual determinants of malaria. Washington, DC: Resources for the Future, 2002.

Знайти повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Dieckmann, Ulf, Johan A. J. Metz, Maurice W. Sabelis, and Karl Sigmund, eds. Adaptive Dynamics of Infectious Diseases. Cambridge University Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511525728.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Ma, Zhien, Yicang Zhou, and Jianhong Wu. Modeling and Dynamics of Infectious Diseases. CO-PUBLISHED WITH HIGHER EDUCATION PRESS, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/7223.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Більше джерел

Частини книг з теми "Determinants and dynamics of infectious diseases":

Goddard, Jerome. "Dynamics of Arthropod-Borne Diseases." In Infectious Diseases and Arthropods, 19–28. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-400-5_2.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Goddard, Jerome. "Dynamics of Arthropod-Borne Diseases." In Infectious Diseases and Arthropods, 27–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75874-9_2.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Goddard, Jerome. "Dynamics of Arthropod-Borne Diseases." In Infectious Diseases and Arthropods, 17–26. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-721-5_2.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Ledder, Glenn, and Michelle Homp. "Population Dynamics of Infectious Diseases." In Foundations for Undergraduate Research in Mathematics, 227–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08560-4_8.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Hahné, Susan, Kaatje Bollaerts, and Paddy Farrington. "Dynamics of vaccine-preventable infectious diseases." In Vaccination Programmes, 55–74. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315166414-6.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Rao, V. Sree Hari, and M. Naresh Kumar. "Control of Infectious Diseases: Dynamics and Informatics." In Dynamic Models of Infectious Diseases, 1–30. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9224-5_1.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Steinbrück, Lars, and Alice Carolyn McHardy. "Evaluating the Evolutionary Dynamics of Viral Populations." In Dynamic Models of Infectious Diseases, 205–25. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9224-5_8.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Dye, Christopher, and Brian G. Williams. "Population dynamics and control of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis." In Resurgent and Emerging Infectious Diseases, 253–67. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4084-3_17.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Rao, V. Sree Hari, and M. Naresh Kumar. "Predictive Dynamics: Modeling for Virological Surveillance and Clinical Management of Dengue." In Dynamic Models of Infectious Diseases, 1–41. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3961-5_1.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Martcheva, Maia, and Olivia Prosper. "Unstable Dynamics of Vector-Borne Diseases: Modeling Through Delay-Differential Equations." In Dynamic Models of Infectious Diseases, 43–75. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3961-5_2.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Determinants and dynamics of infectious diseases":

Pascu, Corina, Viorel Herman, Sara Gatto, and Luminita Costinar. "RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF WEST NILE VIRUS IN ITALY." In 10th SWS International Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES - ISCSS 2023. SGEM WORLD SCIENCE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35603/sws.iscss.2023/sv07.31.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

The infectious diseases are mainly the consequence of the existence of the microbialworld, essential for life on our planet. Microbes need a superior animal to multiply andspread to survive. The pathogens are therefore the biological agents responsible for theonset of the disease condition in the host organism. The infectious disease appears to bethe consequence of the interaction between pathogens and specific defense systems,immune response, and nonspecific (inflammation) of the host.West Nile virus (WNV) belongs to the family Flaviviridae and implies the West Nilefever (WNF) a vector-borne disease caused by the group of Arboviruses. The termArbovirus is the acronym for arthropod-borne viruses.Vector-borne diseases are human illnesses caused by parasites, viruses, and bacteria thatare transmitted by vectors, for instance, bloodsucking insects, that can transmitinfectious pathogens between humans or from animals to humans. Mosquitoes typicallyspread WNF. Arboviruses can be found in nature without including man in their cycle,they only infect them accidentally, but the scientific community focuses great attentionand importance on these diseases.In this study, we analyzed the dynamics of the spread WNV in Italy between 2009 and2019 focusing on the virus life cycle which is more likely to be re-activated each yearvia previously infected mosquitoes in some specific regions, especially in northern Italywhere its spread has been observed since 2008. For example, Veneto is one of theItalian regions where WNV is considered endemic, and the greatest intensity ofcirculation was observed, particularly in August.It first analyzed the causes of the disease spreading, underlying the distribution, thefrequency of the re-activations in some peculiar regions, and the determinants, forinstance, the risk factors, of health-related states and events in Italy throughout a periodof ten years.

Evans, Robin J., and Musa Mammadov. "Predicting and controlling the dynamics of infectious diseases." In 2015 54th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cdc.2015.7403061.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Lefanova, I. V., and T. V. Smirnova. "OVERVIEW OF COMPARTMENT MODELS OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES PREVALENCE DYNAMICS." In SAKHAROV READINGS 2021: ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF THE XXI CENTURY. International Sakharov Environmental Institute of Belarusian State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46646/sakh-2021-2-415-418.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Compartmental models are used for mathematical modeling and subsequent computational experiment of the dynamics of the spread of infectious diseases. The initial population is divided into isolated compartments (compartments), individuals move between the compartments in accordance with the specified parameters. These models most often work with systems of ordinary differential equations and are used to predict the spread of infectious diseases, the duration of epidemics, make it possible to estimate various epidemiological parameters, and, by introducing the necessary compartments, make it possible to predict the impact of various kinds of public health measures on the development and outcome of infectious disease epidemics.

Zhao, Chengzhen, Xun Liang, and Hui Zhao. "Analysis of the Vaccine Effect on Infectious Diseases by System Dynamics Model." In BIBE2021: The Fifth International Conference on Biological Information and Biomedical Engineering. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3469678.3469696.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Tang, Yinzhou, Huandong Wang, and Yong Li. "Enhancing Spatial Spread Prediction of Infectious Diseases through Integrating Multi-scale Human Mobility Dynamics." In SIGSPATIAL '23: 31st ACM International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3589132.3625586.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Basyakova, O. S., and N. E. Porada. "ANALYSIS OF THE LONG-TERM DYNAMICS OF THE EPIDEMIC PROCESS OF AEROSOL INFECTIONS IN THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS." In SAKHAROV READINGS 2021: ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF THE XXI CENTURY. International Sakharov Environmental Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46646/sakh-2021-1-232-235.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Infectious diseases have ceased to determine the epidemiological situation in the republic, but they still remain an important problem. Aerosol infections account for about 95% of the infectious diseases registered annually in the republic. Among them there are such nosological forms as pertussis, meningococcosis, morbilli, rubella [2] which are more common in the childhood and even with a low incidence rate represent an important medical and social problem. The wide spread of aerosol infections and the ease of their acquisition require constant epidemiological surveillance and control, and, therefore, respiratory tract infections remain a major public health problem and do not lose their relevance. In the paper there have been analyzed the long-term dynamics of the morbidity of the population of the Republic of Belarus with aerosol infections, controlled, partially controlled and uncontrolled by means of immunoprophylaxis, in the period from 1995 to 2019 yrs. There have been determined the territorial features of the infectious epidemic process appearance with the use of GIS technologies.

"MASS NON-INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN CHILDREN IN THE PERIOD OF POST-SOCIALIST TRANSFORMATIONS." In СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЭКОЛОГИИ И ЗДОРОВЬЯ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ. ЭКОЛОГИЯ И ЗДОРОВЬЕ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ. Иркутский научный центр хирургии и травматологии, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/978-5-98277-383-8-art22.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Forthe first time the role of local, general regional and geophysical factors ofthe environment during the period of reforms and the transformational crisis ofthe 1990s and subsequent economic growth in the Russian Federation in shaping the dynamics ofthe general incidence of mass non-infectious diseases in the child population in the Irkutsk region in 1988-2016 was studied using a typical four-phase model of long-term adaptation of the population to a new environment.

Rachah, Amira, and Thiago Lima Silva. "An agent-based model for controlling pandemic infectious diseases transmission dynamics with the use of face masks." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRONICS, ENGINEERING PHYSICS, AND EARTH SCIENCE. AIP Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0195157.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Hestiyana, Nita, Dini Rahmayani, and Henny Auliana. "Determinants Of Adolescents Sexual Behavior At Senior High School qXq In Banjarmasin." In 2nd Sari Mulia International Conference on Health and Sciences 2017 (SMICHS 2017) � One Health to Address the Problem of Tropical Infectious Diseases in Indonesia. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/smichs-17.2017.22.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Lin, Ting-Yu, Wei Goh, Hung-Jui Chang, Mei-Lien Pan, Shu-Chen Tsai, Da-Wei Wang, and Tsan-Sheng Hsu. "Changing of Spreading Dynamics for Infectious Diseases in an Aging Society: A Simulation Case Study on Flu Pandemic." In 11th International Conference on Simulation and Modeling Methodologies, Technologies and Applications. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0010618204530460.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Звіти організацій з теми "Determinants and dynamics of infectious diseases":

Fu, Yuqi, Shuo Liu, Weijie Chen, Guohui Ruan, and Li Liu. Assessing the impact of ventilation on the potential airborne infection risk in hospital lung function room. Department of the Built Environment, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/aau541663876.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Controlling the spread of respiratory infectious diseases in healthcare settings is important to avoid nosocomial infection. We utilized computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation, real-time carbon dioxide (CO2) monitoring, microorganism culturing, and microorganism sequencing to quantitatively assess the exposure risk of healthcare workers to infectious respiratory particles (IRPs) in one lung function room under two ventilation configurations. The original ventilation system supplied 2 air changes per hour (ACH) for fresh air and 2 ACH for recirculated air, while the retrofitted ventilation system supplied 6 ACH of fresh air. Indoor CO2 concentration and microorganism concentration decreased after the retrofit. The ventilation modification significantly improved the discharge efficiency for 5 μm IRPs and 50 μm IRPs. The intake fraction of 5 μm aerosols and 50 μm aerosols for HCW decreased by 0.005% and 0.006%, respectively. This study also reviewed the effectiveness of the above methods when evaluating building retrofit.

Bar-Joseph, Moshe, William O. Dawson, and Munir Mawassi. Role of Defective RNAs in Citrus Tristeza Virus Diseases. United States Department of Agriculture, September 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7575279.bard.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

This program focused on citrus tristeza virus (CTV), the largest and one of the most complex RNA-plant-viruses. The economic importance of this virus to the US and Israeli citrus industries, its uniqueness among RNA viruses and the possibility to tame the virus and eventually turn it into a useful tool for the protection and genetic improvement of citrus trees justify these continued efforts. Although the overall goal of this project was to study the role(s) of CTV associated defective (d)-RNAs in CTV-induced diseases, considerable research efforts had to be devoted to the engineering of the helper virus which provides the machinery to allow dRNA replication. Considerable progress was made through three main lines of complementary studies. For the first time, the generation of an engineered CTV genetic system that is capable of infecting citrus plants with in vitro modified virus was achieved. Considering that this RNA virus consists of a 20 kb genome, much larger than any other previously developed similar genetic system, completing this goal was an extremely difficult task that was accomplished by the effective collaboration and complementarity of both partners. Other full-length genomic CTV isolates were sequenced and populations examined, resulting in a new level of understanding of population complexities and dynamics in the US and Israel. In addition, this project has now considerably advanced our understanding and ability to manipulate dRNAs, a new class of genetic elements of closteroviruses, which were first found in the Israeli VT isolate and later shown to be omnipresent in CTV populations. We have characterized additional natural dRNAs and have shown that production of subgenomic mRNAs can be involved in the generation of dRNAs. We have molecularly cloned natural dRNAs and directly inoculated citrus plants with 35S-cDNA constructs and have shown that specific dRNAs are correlated with specific disease symptoms. Systems to examine dRNA replication in protoplasts were developed and the requirements for dRNA replication were defined. Several artificial dRNAs that replicate efficiently with a helper virus were created from infectious full-genomic cDNAs. Elements that allow the specific replication of dRNAs by heterologous helper viruses also were defined. The T36-derived dRNAs were replicated efficiently by a range of different wild CTV isolates and hybrid dRNAs with heterologous termini are efficiently replicated with T36 as helper. In addition we found: 1) All CTV genes except of the p6 gene product from the conserved signature block of the Closteroviridae are obligate for assembly, infectivity, and serial protoplast passage; 2) The p20 protein is a major component of the amorphous inclusion bodies of infected cells; and 3) Novel 5'-Co-terminal RNAs in CTV infected cells were characterized. These results have considerably advanced our basic understanding of the molecular biology of CTV and CTV-dRNAs and form the platform for the future manipulation of this complicated virus. As a result of these developments, the way is now open to turn constructs of this viral plant pathogen into new tools for protecting citrus against severe CTV terms and development of virus-based expression vectors for other citrus improvement needs. In conclusion, this research program has accomplished two main interconnected missions, the collection of basic information on the molecular and biological characteristics of the virus and its associated dRNAs toward development of management strategies against severe diseases caused by the virus and building of novel research tools to improve citrus varieties. Reaching these goals will allow us to advance this project to a new phase of turning the virus from a pathogen to an ally.

Dawson, William O., and Moshe Bar-Joseph. Creating an Ally from an Adversary: Genetic Manipulation of Citrus Tristeza. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7586540.bard.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Citrus is one of the major agricultural crops common to Israel and the United States, important in terms of nutrition, foreign exchange, and employment. The economy of both citrus industries have been chronically plagued by diseases caused by Citrus tristeza virus (CTV). The short term solution until virus-resistant plants can be used is the use of mild strain cross-protection. We are custom designing "ideal" protecting viruses to immunize trees against severe isolates of CTV by purposely inoculating existing endangered trees and new plantings to be propagated as infected (protected) citrus budwood. We crossed the substantial technological hurdles necessary to accomplish this task which included developing an infectious cDNA clone which allows in vitro manipulation of the virus and methods to then infect citrus plants. We created a series of hybrids between decline-inducing and mild CTV strains, tested them in protoplasts, and are amplifying them to inoculate citrus trees for evaluation and mapping of disease determinants. We also extended this developed technology to begin engineering transient expression vectors based on CTV as tools for genetic improvement of tree crops, in this case citrus. Because of the long periods between genetic transformation and the ultimate assay of mature tree characteristics, there is a great need for an effective system that allows the expression or suppression of target genes in fruiting plants. Virus-based vectors will greatly expedite progress in citrus genetic improvement. We characterized several components of the virus that provides necessary information for designing virus-based vectors. We characterized the requirements of the 3 ’-nontranslated replication promoter and two 3 ’-ORF subgenomic (sg) mRNA controller elements. We discovered a novel type of 5’-terminal sgRNAs and characterized the cis-acting control element that also functions as a strong promoter of a 3 ’-sgRNA. We showed that the p23 gene controls negative-stranded RNA synthesis and expression of 3 ’ genes. We identified which genes are required for infection of plants, which are host range determinants, and which are not needed for plant infection. We continued the characterization of native dRNA populations and showed the presence of five different classes including class III dRNAs that consists of infectious and self-replicating molecules and class V dRNAs that contain all of the 3 ’ ORFs, along with class IV dRNAs that retain non-contiguous internal sequences. We have constructed and tested in protoplasts a series of expression vectors that will be described in this proposal.

Ehrlich, Marcelo, John S. Parker, and Terence S. Dermody. Development of a Plasmid-Based Reverse Genetics System for the Bluetongue and Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Viruses to Allow a Comparative Characterization of the Function of the NS3 Viroporin in Viral Egress. United States Department of Agriculture, September 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7699840.bard.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

Project Title: "Development of a plasmid-based reverse genetics system for the Bluetongue and Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease viruses to allow comparative characterization of the function of the NS3 viroporin in viral egress". Project details: No - IS-4192-09; Participants – Ehrlich M. (Tel Aviv University), Parker J.S. (Cornell University), DermodyT.S. (Vanderbilt University); Period - 2009-2013. Orbiviruses are insect-borne infectious agents of ruminants that cause diseases with considerable economical impact in Israel and the United States. The recent outbreaks of BTV in Europe and of Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus (EHDV) in Israel, underscore the need for: (i) a better comprehension of the infection process of orbiviruses, (ii) the identification of unique vs. common traits among different orbiviruses, (iii) the development of novel diagnosis and treatment techniques and approaches; all aimed at the achievement of more effective control and treatment measures. It is the context of these broad goals that the present project was carried out. To fulfill our long-term goal of identifying specific viral determinants of virulence, growth, and transmission of the orbiviruses, we proposed to: (i) develop reverse genetics systems for BTV and EHDV2-Ibaraki; and (ii) identify the molecular determinants of the NS3 nonstructural protein related to viroporin/viral egress activities. The first objective was pursued with a two-pronged approach: (i) development of a plasmid-based reverse genetics system for BTV-17, and (ii) development of an "in-vitro" transcription-based reverse genetics system for EHDV2-Ibaraki. Both approaches encountered technical problems that hampered their achievement. However, dissection of the possible causes of the failure to achieve viral spread of EHDV2-Ibaraki, following the transfection of in-vitro transcribed genomic segments of the virus, revealed a novel characteristic of EHDV2-Ibaraki infection: an uncharacteristically low fold increase in titer upon infection of different cell models. To address the function and regulation of NS3 we employed the following approaches: (i) development (together with Anima Cell Metrology) of a novel technique (based on the transfection of fluorescently-labeledtRNAs) that allows for the detection of the levels of synthesis of individual viral proteins (i.e. NS3) in single cells; (ii) development of a siRNA-mediated knockdown approach for the reduction in levels of expression of NS3 in EHDV2-Ibaraki infected cells; (iii) biochemical and microscopy-based analysis of the localization, levels and post-translational modifications of NS3 in infected cells. In addition, we identified the altered regulation and spatial compartmentalization of protein synthesis in cells infected with EHDV2-Ibaraki or the mammalian reovirus. In EHDV2-Ibaraki-infected cells such altered regulation in protein synthesis occurs in the context of a cell stress reponse that includes the induction of apoptosis, autophagy and activation of the stressrelated kinase c-Jun N-terminal Kinase (JNK). Interestingly, inhibition of such stress-related cellular processes diminishes the production of infectious virions, suggesting that EHDV usurps these responses for the benefit of efficient infection. Taken together, while the present project fell short of the generation of novel reverse genetics systems for orbiviruses, the development of novel experimental approaches and techniques, and their employment in the analysis of EHDV-infected cells, yielded novel insights in the interactions of orbiviruses with mammalian cells.

Daudelin, Francois, Lina Taing, Lucy Chen, Claudia Abreu Lopes, Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe, and Hamid Mehmood. Mapping WASH-related disease risk: A review of risk concepts and methods. United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53328/uxuo4751.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

The report provides a review of how risk is conceived of, modelled, and mapped in studies of infectious water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) related diseases. It focuses on spatial epidemiology of cholera, malaria and dengue to offer recommendations for the field of WASH-related disease risk mapping. The report notes a lack of consensus on the definition of disease risk in the literature, which limits the interpretability of the resulting analyses and could affect the quality of the design and direction of public health interventions. In addition, existing risk frameworks that consider disease incidence separately from community vulnerability have conceptual overlap in their components and conflate the probability and severity of disease risk into a single component. The report identifies four methods used to develop risk maps, i) observational, ii) index-based, iii) associative modelling and iv) mechanistic modelling. Observational methods are limited by a lack of historical data sets and their assumption that historical outcomes are representative of current and future risks. The more general index-based methods offer a highly flexible approach based on observed and modelled risks and can be used for partially qualitative or difficult-to-measure indicators, such as socioeconomic vulnerability. For multidimensional risk measures, indices representing different dimensions can be aggregated to form a composite index or be considered jointly without aggregation. The latter approach can distinguish between different types of disease risk such as outbreaks of high frequency/low intensity and low frequency/high intensity. Associative models, including machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI), are commonly used to measure current risk, future risk (short-term for early warning systems) or risk in areas with low data availability, but concerns about bias, privacy, trust, and accountability in algorithms can limit their application. In addition, they typically do not account for gender and demographic variables that allow risk analyses for different vulnerable groups. As an alternative, mechanistic models can be used for similar purposes as well as to create spatial measures of disease transmission efficiency or to model risk outcomes from hypothetical scenarios. Mechanistic models, however, are limited by their inability to capture locally specific transmission dynamics. The report recommends that future WASH-related disease risk mapping research: - Conceptualise risk as a function of the probability and severity of a disease risk event. Probability and severity can be disaggregated into sub-components. For outbreak-prone diseases, probability can be represented by a likelihood component while severity can be disaggregated into transmission and sensitivity sub-components, where sensitivity represents factors affecting health and socioeconomic outcomes of infection. -Employ jointly considered unaggregated indices to map multidimensional risk. Individual indices representing multiple dimensions of risk should be developed using a range of methods to take advantage of their relative strengths. -Develop and apply collaborative approaches with public health officials, development organizations and relevant stakeholders to identify appropriate interventions and priority levels for different types of risk, while ensuring the needs and values of users are met in an ethical and socially responsible manner. -Enhance identification of vulnerable populations by further disaggregating risk estimates and accounting for demographic and behavioural variables and using novel data sources such as big data and citizen science. This review is the first to focus solely on WASH-related disease risk mapping and modelling. The recommendations can be used as a guide for developing spatial epidemiology models in tandem with public health officials and to help detect and develop tailored responses to WASH-related disease outbreaks that meet the needs of vulnerable populations. The report’s main target audience is modellers, public health authorities and partners responsible for co-designing and implementing multi-sectoral health interventions, with a particular emphasis on facilitating the integration of health and WASH services delivery contributing to Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 3 (good health and well-being) and 6 (clean water and sanitation).

Microbiology in the 21st Century: Where Are We and Where Are We Going? American Society for Microbiology, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aamcol.5sept.2003.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Анотація:

The American Academy of Microbiology convened a colloquium September 5–7, 2003, in Charleston, South Carolina to discuss the central importance of microbes to life on earth, directions microbiology research will take in the 21st century, and ways to foster public literacy in this important field. Discussions centered on: the impact of microbes on the health of the planet and its inhabitants; the fundamental significance of microbiology to the study of all life forms; research challenges faced by microbiologists and the barriers to meeting those challenges; the need to integrate microbiology into school and university curricula; and public microbial literacy. This is an exciting time for microbiology. We are becoming increasingly aware that microbes are the basis of the biosphere. They are the ancestors of all living things and the support system for all other forms of life. Paradoxically, certain microbes pose a threat to human health and to the health of plants and animals. As the foundation of the biosphere and major determinants of human health, microbes claim a primary, fundamental role in life on earth. Hence, the study of microbes is pivotal to the study of all living things, and microbiology is essential for the study and understanding of all life on this planet. Microbiology research is changing rapidly. The field has been impacted by events that shape public perceptions of microbes, such as the emergence of globally significant diseases, threats of bioterrorism, increasing failure of formerly effective antibiotics and therapies to treat microbial diseases, and events that contaminate food on a large scale. Microbial research is taking advantage of the technological advancements that have opened new fields of inquiry, particularly in genomics. Basic areas of biological complexity, such as infectious diseases and the engineering of designer microbes for the benefit of society, are especially ripe areas for significant advancement. Overall, emphasis has increased in recent years on the evolution and ecology of microorganisms. Studies are focusing on the linkages between microbes and their phylogenetic origins and between microbes and their habitats. Increasingly, researchers are striving to join together the results of their work, moving to an integration of biological phenomena at all levels. While many areas of the microbiological sciences are ripe for exploration, microbiology must overcome a number of technological hurdles before it can fully accomplish its potential. We are at a unique time when the confluence of technological advances and the explosion of knowledge of microbial diversity will enable significant advances in microbiology, and in biology in general, over the next decade. To make the best progress, microbiology must reach across traditional departmental boundaries and integrate the expertise of scientists in other disciplines. Microbiologists are becoming increasingly aware of the need to harness the vast computing power available and apply it to better advantage in research. Current methods for curating research materials and data should be rethought and revamped. Finally, new facilities should be developed to house powerful research equipment and make it available, on a regional basis, to scientists who might otherwise lack access to the expensive tools of modern biology. It is not enough to accomplish cutting-edge research. We must also educate the children and college students of today, as they will be the researchers of tomorrow. Since microbiology provides exceptional teaching tools and is of pivotal importance to understanding biology, science education in schools should be refocused to include microbiology lessons and lab exercises. At the undergraduate level, a thorough knowledge of microbiology should be made a part of the core curriculum for life science majors. Since issues that deal with microbes have a direct bearing on the human condition, it is critical that the public-at-large become better grounded in the basics of microbiology. Public literacy campaigns must identify the issues to be conveyed and the best avenues for communicating those messages. Decision-makers at federal, state, local, and community levels should be made more aware of the ways that microbiology impacts human life and the ways school curricula could be improved to include valuable lessons in microbial science.