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Опубліковано: 11 вересня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "DESIGN OF A TUNNEL"

1

Mohammed, Hassan J., and Ammar S. Khazzl. "Optimum Design of Tunnels." Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences 14, no. 3 (September 30, 2007): 50–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjes.14.3.03.

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Анотація:
This study is an application of optimization method to the structural design of tunnels, considering the total cost of the tunnels as an objective function with the properties of the tunnel and soil unit weight, height of soil above tunnel, height of water above tunnel and tunnel radius, as design variables. A computer program has been developed to solve numerical examples using the ACI code equations , requirements and criteria in concrete design. The results shown that the minimum total cost of the tunnel increases with the increase of the soil unit weight and tunnel radius, and decreases with the increase of the height of water above tunnel.
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Gong, Wenping, Hongwei Huang, C. Hsein Juang, Sez Atamturktur, and Andrew Brownlow. "Improved shield tunnel design methodology incorporating design robustness." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 52, no. 10 (October 2015): 1575–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2014-0458.

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This paper presents an improved design methodology for shield tunnels. Here, a new framework for three-dimensional analysis of shield tunnel “performance” (defined herein as the structural safety and serviceability of each tunnel ring) is developed, which considers the effect of the longitudinal variation of input parameters on the tunnel performance. Within this framework, random fields are used to simulate the longitudinal variation of input parameters, and the three-dimensional problem of shield tunnel performance is solved through a two-stage solution involving a one-dimensional model (for tunnel longitudinal behavior) and a two-dimensional model (for performance of segment rings). Furthermore, the robust design concept is integrated into the design of shield tunnels to guard against the longitudinal variation of tunnel performance caused by the longitudinal variation of input parameters. In the context of robust design, a new measure is developed for determining the robustness of the tunnel performance against the longitudinal variation of noise factors. A multi-objective optimization is then performed to optimize the design with respect to the design robustness and the cost efficiency, while satisfying the safety and serviceability requirements. Through an illustrative example, the effectiveness and significance of the improved shield tunnel design methodology is demonstrated.
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Zhao, Hongbo, Shaojun Li, and Bingrui Chen. "The Reliability-Based Design Optimization of considering Rock-Support Interaction for Rock Tunnels." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (May 25, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9921881.

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Анотація:
Uncertainty is critical to the tunnel design. In this study, a novel reliability-based design (RBD) method was developed by integrating the rock-support interaction and its uncertainties for rock tunnels. In this method, the rock-support interactions were analyzed based on a convergence-confinement method. Uncertainties were estimated by reliability analysis using Excel Solver. Chaotic particle swarm optimization (CPSO) was adopted to search the optimal tunnel design parameters based on the rock-support interaction analysis. The proposed method for estimating the reliability index and determining the tunnel support parameters was introduced in detail. To illustrate the proposed method, it was applied to two tunnels with rock-bolt and combined support systems. The results indicated that the method could obtain accurate solutions with a dramatically improved computing efficiency, guaranteeing the tunnel stability at the same time. The developed method provides an excellent way to deal with the uncertainty in tunnel design. It was proved to be an efficient and effective method for the support designs of rock tunnels.
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Wu, Huajun. "Numerical Simulation Algorithm Design of Influence on Existing Tunnel by Underpass Construction of New Tunnel." Scientific Programming 2021 (December 16, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1734308.

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Анотація:
Simulation is a powerful tool that can be used for systematic planning, analysis, and decision-making. Proper designing is preliminary required to construct a new tunnel over an existing tunnel to ensure safety and durability. Once an underpass tunnel completes, the interaction between the tunnel structure and the nearby soil gains a stable state and the stress of the tunnel is balanced. However, the stability of an existing tunnel is affected if the construction in the nearby area is not properly analyzed. This article proposes a numerical simulation model to empirically analyze lining force and surface settlement in order to ensure safety in engineering practice. The existing tunnel structure working condition is simulated under the new tunnel. The artificial honeybee colony algorithm is used to extract the parameter fusion characteristic value of tunnel influence and the model of estimating the bending moment of group piles. The structural mechanics of existing tunnels under new tunnels are analyzed using the triple bend model to improve the bearing capacity of existing tunnels under new tunnels. Based on the above analysis, numerical simulation experiments are designed. The proposed method has high accuracy and strong fitting ability and can effectively reduce the displacement of existing tunnels. Moreover, the method can improve the bearing capacity of tunnels. For tunneling operation, the results of the simulation may be used as a recommendation.
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Mohammed Asadullah, Sher Afghan Khan, Parvathy Rajendran, and Ervin Sulaeman. "Design Intent of Future Tunnels." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 88, no. 2 (November 1, 2021): 50–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.88.2.5063.

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The sound barrier for bullet trains remains a challenge due to the piston effect causing compression waves at the entry and exit of the tunnel. The air ahead of the train nose is compressed, and the wave propagates through the tunnel at the speed of sound and exits with the generation of micro pressure waves. It gives rise to a complex wave pattern comprising compression at the train nose & expansion at the train tail leading to the positive pressure around the nose and suction around the tail. This is intended to provide exhaustive input for the proper design of a futuristic tunnel. The cross-sectional shapes of the tunnel, whether square, rectangular, circular, or semi-circular, will experience pressure compression wave generated by high-speed train but will influence the flow pattern and hence the compression wave. This paper presents the pressure load on the walls of long and short tunnels for subsonic compressible and transonic flows. The experimental investigation is carried out only for length parameters to study short and long tunnels. Further, flow visualization is also provided after the formation of the sonic boom. The results of this investigation can be an essential data source for optimum design of high-speed tunnels so as to suppress or break the sound barriers, thus, resulting in a safer high-speed train network.
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Liu, Weiwei, Jianxun Chen, Yanbin Luo, Zhou Shi, Xiang Ji, and Haoyang Zhu. "Study on the Annual Reduction Rate of Vehicle Emission Factors for Carbon Monoxide: A Case Study of Urban Road Tunnels in Shenzhen, China." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (September 3, 2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1686753.

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Анотація:
Environmental pollution and energy conservation in urban tunnels have become important issues that affect the scientific design and sustainable development of urban tunnels. The carbon monoxide (CO) concentration in urban road tunnels is regarded as a direct reflection and a useful tracer of the intensity of anthropogenic transportation activities. Previous studies in recent years have paid more attention to pollutant emission factors, but less to the calculation parameters of ventilation design for tunnels. This paper aims to study a reasonable annual reduction rate of CO base emission factors. Therefore, a detailed field measurement was carried out in the four typical urban road tunnels, Henglongshan Tunnel, Cejiexian Tunnel, Jiuweiling Tunnel, and Dameisha Tunnel in Shenzhen, China, from March 29 to September 16, 2014. Measurement results showed that the traffic flow of the four urban tunnels had been approaching the design value, or even beyond the limit. The average daily air velocities in the four tunnels were all within 5 m/s, whereas the maximum air velocity had exceeded the limit of 10 m/s. The CO concentrations in Henglongshan Tunnel, Cejiexian Tunnel, Jiuweiling Tunnel, and Dameisha Tunnel were 17 ppm, 7 ppm, 39 ppm, and 8 ppm, respectively. Moreover, it was found that the average CO emission factors of Henglongshan Tunnel, Cejiexian Tunnel, Jiuweiling Tunnel, and Dameisha Tunnel were 1.075 g/(km·veh), 1.245 g/(km·veh), 4.154 g/(km·veh), and 1.739 g/(km·veh), respectively. Based on the statistical data, the CO emission factors of mixed traffic and passenger cars decrease by an average of 16.4% and 33.3%, respectively, per year through the regression method and by an average of 17.4% and 29.0%, respectively, per year through the extremum method. Finally, when considering the safety factor of 20%, it is more reasonable for the CO base emission to adopt 4% as an annual reduction rate for ventilation design in urban tunnels.
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Humphries, R. W., and L. T. Jory. "Underground design at Andekaleka Hydroelectric Development." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 22, no. 1 (February 1, 1985): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t85-004.

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Andekaleka Hydroelectric Development, Republic of Malagasy (Madagascar), comprises an 8 m high intake dam, a 4 km long unlined power tunnel, a surge shaft, a concrete-lined penstock, four steel-lined branch penstocks, an underground powerhouse, and a 0.5 km long tailrace tunnel. The scheme develops a 235 m fall in the Vohitra River. Two 29 MW Francis turbines have been installed, with space left for two more identical units.This paper describes the geotechnical aspects of the underground design for the scheme. The predominant rock type is good quality granitic gneiss, which required minimal underground support and lining. Where the power tunnel 'daylights' and crosses the Sahantsiva River, steel and concrete lining and drainage tunnels have been provided.The length and design of the steel and concrete lining and the system of underground drainage are described along with the design and support for the powerhouse cavern and the support of the powerhouse crane beams on rock shoulders. Key words: tunnels, penstocks, underground powerhouse, underground drainage, underground support, tunnel lining, Madagascar.
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Uchanski, Mark E., Dawn M. VanLeeuwen, Steven J. Guldan, Constance L. Falk, Manoj Shukla, and Juliette Enfield. "Temperature and Light Characterization during Winter Production Season in High Tunnels in the Southwestern United States." HortTechnology 30, no. 2 (April 2020): 259–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech04486-19.

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Анотація:
Replicated temperature data from passively heated high tunnels are lacking, especially in the southwestern United States. Field studies were conducted over three seasons in two locations in New Mexico—a southern site in Las Cruces and a northern site in Alcalde—to characterize the crop environment in three high-tunnel designs during the winter growing season (October–March). High tunnels were 16 × 32 ft and oriented with the long edge running east to west. Heavyweight woven plastic covered the single-layer (SL) high-tunnel design. Double-layer designs (DL) were covered with a lightweight woven plastic on the bottom, followed by a second layer of the heavyweight plastic inflated with a fan. A heat sink was created using 16 55-gal barrels painted black, filled with water, and aligned along the north side of the double layer for the DL+B design. Soil temperature (3 inches deep) and air temperature (1 ft above the soil surface) were recorded inside the high tunnel, inside the high tunnel under a floating rowcover, and outside the high tunnel. In addition, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) was recorded inside and outside the high tunnels during or near the winter solstice each year of the study. Daily air and soil temperature minimums were highest in the DL+B design and lowest in the SL design. Maximum air and soil temperatures did not significantly differ between high-tunnel designs, although the DL+B design measurements were consistently lower. During season 1, the SL design had significantly higher PAR transmission than the other two designs. In the northern location, the difference became insignificant during seasons 2 and 3, likely due to dust accumulation and plastic aging. In the southern location, the SL design maintained higher PAR transmission throughout the study, possibly due to plastic cleaning. Data collected in this study can help inform the decisions of high-tunnel growers and researchers in the region.
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Valenti, Robert, Alex Brudno, Michael Bertoulin, and Ian Davis. "Fort Point Channel: Concrete Immersed-Tube and Ventilation Building Design." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1541, no. 1 (January 1996): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196154100119.

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The Central Artery/Third Harbor Tunnel Project in Boston, Massachusetts, is one of the largest highway projects over undertaken in the country. It requires the replacement of the existing elevated artery, I-93, with an underground tunnel extending through downtown Boston and an extension of the Massachusetts Turnpike Authority (MTA) I-90 from its existing termination at the I-93 interchange to Boston's Logan International Airport. The I-90 extension tunnels east under the existing South Station intercity and commuter railroad tracks, under historic Fort Point Channel while crossing above the 1915 twin subway tunnels, and continues through industrial South Boston with ramps surfacing in a new South Boston interchange, the heart of tremendous growth in Boston. From there the tunnel connects to the recently completed Ted Williams Tunnel harbor crossing to East Boston and Logan International Airport. The unique design challenges and solutions relating to the Fort Point Channel crossing, particularly the use of in-the-wet construction with concrete immersed-tube tunnels and the design interface to the ventilation structures, are presented. Structures required for the I-90 extension are concrete immersed tubes and jacked tunnels, as well as more conventional cut-and-cover tunnels, bridges, surface roads, and ancillary buildings. The geometric and physical restraints of the alignment initially required the placement of the ventilation building, which serves the tunnels, on a cut-and-cover tunnel transition section between the jacked tunnels and the concrete immersed tubes. Ultimately, placement of the ventilation building on the immersed tubes created a substantial cost and schedule benefit.
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Kuang, Jiang Hong, and Bin Yu. "Discuss on Tunnel Design for High Speed Metro Line." Applied Mechanics and Materials 723 (January 2015): 364–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.723.364.

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When trains with high speed pass through the tunnel, there is pressure fluctuation in the tunnel which will cause discomfort of the driver and the passengers. Using unsteady one dimensional flow model, the aerodynamic effect caused by the train with speed of 120km/s running through the tunnel was calculated and analyzed. The results show that the routine tunnel size of Ф5.5m for metro lines can not meet the standard for comfort level. Instead, tunnels with inner diameters of 6.8m and 10.36m were recommended.
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Дисертації з теми "DESIGN OF A TUNNEL"

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Vardakos, Sotirios. "Back-analysis methods for optimal tunnel design." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26124.

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A fundamental element of the observational method in geotechnical engineering practice is the utilization of a carefully laid out performance monitoring system which provides rapid insight of critical behavioral trends of the work. Especially in tunnels, this is of paramount importance when the contractual arrangements allow an adaptive tunnel support design during construction such as the NATM approach. Utilization of measurements can reveal important aspects of the ground-support interaction, warning of potential problems, and design optimization and forecasting of future behavior of the underground work. The term back-analysis involves all the necessary procedures so that a predicted simulation yields results as close as possible to the observed behavior. This research aims in a better understanding of the back-analysis methodologies by examining both simplified approaches of tunnel response prediction but also more complex numerical methods. Today a wealth of monitoring techniques is available for tunnel monitoring. Progress has also been recorded in the area of back-analysis in geotechnical engineering by various researchers. One of the most frequently encountered questions in this reverse engineering type of work is the uniqueness of the final solution. When possible errors are incorporated during data acquisition, the back analysis problem becomes formidable. Up to the present, various researchers have presented back-analysis schemes, often coupled with numerical methods such as the Finite Element Method, and in some cases the more general approach of neural networks has been applied. The present research focuses on the application of back-analysis techniques that are applicable to various conditions and are directly coupled with a widely available numerical program. Different methods are discussed and examples are given. The strength and importance of global optimization is introduced for geotechnical engineering applications along with the novel implementation of two global optimization algorithms in geotechnical parameter identification. The techniques developed are applied to the back-analysis of a modern NATM highway tunnel in China and the results are discussed.
Ph. D.
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2

Kelceoglu, Bekir. "Preventing carpal tunnel syndrome : a product design study to assist carpal tunnel syndrome prevention techniques." Connect to resource, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1194647505.

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3

Adderley, Geoffrey. "The effect of tunnel blast design on vibration." Thesis, University of Essex, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.506087.

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Bjureland, William. "On reliability-based design of rock tunnel support." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Jord- och bergmekanik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-204919.

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Анотація:
Tunneling involves large uncertainties. Since 2009, design of rock tunnels in European countries should be performed in accordance with the Eurocodes. The main principle in the Eurocodes is that it must be shown in all design situations that no relevant limit state is exceeded. This can be achieved with a number of different methods, where the most common one is design by calculation. To account for uncertainties in design, the Eurocode states that design by calculation should primarily be performed using limit state design methods, i.e. the partial factor method or reliability-based methods. The basic principle of the former is that it shall be assured that a structure’s resisting capacity is larger than the load acting on the structure, with high enough probability. Even if this might seem straightforward, the practical application of limit state design to rock tunnel support has only been studied to a limited extent. The aim of this licentiate thesis is to provide a review of the practical applicability of using reliability-based methods and the partial factor method in design of rock tunnel support. The review and the following discussion are based on findings from the cases studied in the appended papers. The discussion focuses on the challenges of applying fixed partial factors, as suggested by Eurocode, in design of rock tunnel support and some of the practical difficulties the engineer is faced with when applying reliability-based methods to design rock tunnel support. The main conclusions are that the partial factor method (as defined in Eurocode) is not suitable to use in design of rock tunnel support, but that reliability-based methods have the potential to account for uncertainties present in design, especially when used within the framework of the observational method. However, gathering of data for statistical quantification of input variables along with clarification of the necessary reliability levels and definition of “failure” are needed.

QC 20170407

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BACCHINI, ALESSANDRO. "Electric VTOL preliminary design and wind tunnel tests." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2847140.

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6

Cheong, Mun Kit. "Assessment of Vehicle Fire Development in Road Tunnels for Smoke Control Ventilation Design." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Civil and Natural Resources Engineering, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2863.

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A fire in road tunnel can be dangerous and lead to serious consequences if not addressed appropriately. In a tunnel fire incident, creating a smoke free path for motorist evacuation and facilitating fire fighters to access the fire is critical for fire and rescue operations. A means of achieving this is to use ventilation fans to blow sufficient air down the tunnel ensuring no back-layering of smoke occurs upstream of the fire. The airflow necessary for such operation is known as the critical velocity which is a function of a number of factors includes; heat release rate, tunnel geometry, tunnel gradient etc. Among these parameters, the heat release rate is the most difficult to identify as this value is dependent on the types of vehicles, number of vehicles involved, the type of cargo and the quantity of cargo carried by these vehicles. There are also other factors such as the influence of ventilation condition, tunnel geometry and the use of legislation (to restrict hazardous vehicles entering in tunnel) that could affect the heat release rate in a tunnel fire. The number of possible fire scenarios is numerous. Based on current practise, fire size selection for most tunnel ventilation design often references various guidelines such as NFPA 502, BD78/99 or the PIARC technical committee report. The heat release rate, particularly for goods vehicle recommended by the guidelines varies from 20 to 30 MW. However, recent fire tests conducted in the Runehamar tunnel experiments indicate a higher heat release rate. These experiments suggest that heat release rate guidelines for goods vehicles might be underestimated. An ideal means to estimate the heat release rate in the tunnel is to use the oxygen consumption calorimetry technique. However, this approach is generally expensive, logistically complicated to perform and it is often not feasible to conduct such tests for a tunnel project at the initial design stage simply because the structure and systems are not ready for such activities. This research thesis presents an approach to establish a design fire in a road tunnel particularly the peak heat release rate for emergency tunnel ventilation system design. The analysis consists of two stages; stage one involves the use of a probabilistic approach (risk analysis) to identify the potential cause and type of vehicle which could result in a tunnel fire. Findings from the risk analysis are used in stage two in which Computational Fluid II Dynamics (CDF) modelling is used to establish the heat release rate in the tunnel considering factors such as fuel load, ventilation condition, tunnel geometry and ignition location. The Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS 4.0.7), a CFD model of fire-driven fluid flow is used for the analysis and an urban road tunnel project in Singapore is used to illustrate this methodology. Other topic related to this research work includes the reconstruction for the Runehamar tunnel fire test using numerical approach to calibrate the FDS simulation model. The used of Probabilistic Bayesian approach and CFD approach using FDS to estimate the heat release rate in the tunnel is also investigated in this thesis. The effect of vehicle fire spread in road tunnel and numerical simulation of road tunnel fires using parallel processing is presented. Preliminary work in using FDS5 for tunnel simulation work is discussed as part of the research work in this project.
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Mattar, Joe. "An investigation of tunnel-soil-pile interaction in cohesive soils /." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=112577.

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Underground tunnels are considered to be a vital infrastructure component in most cities around the world. Careful planning is always necessary to ensure minimum impact on nearby surface and subsurface structures. This thesis describes the experimental and numerical investigations carried out at McGill University to examine the effect of existing pile foundation on the stresses developing in a newly constructed tunnel supported by a flexible lining system. A small scale testing facility was designed and built to simulate the process of tunnel excavation and lining installation in the close vicinity of pre-installed piles. Lining stresses were measured for different separation distances between the tunnel and the existing piles. Significant decrease in circumferential stresses was observed when the lining was installed at a distance that ranges between one to three times the tunnel diameter from the piles. Two-dimensional finite element analyses were also conducted to investigate the different aspects of the pile-soil-lining interaction including lining deformation, axial forces and bending moments. The measured lining stresses agreed with those obtained using finite element analysis. The results presented in this study provided an insight into understanding an important aspect of this soil-structure interaction problem.
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8

Chatawut, Chanvanichskul. "Fundamental Study on Design and Stability of Tunnel Structures." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/123480.

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Du, Dianchun. "Design of tunnels using the hyperstatic reaction method." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAI063/document.

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Ce travail de recherche a pour objectif de présenter la conception de tunnels au moyen de la méthode hyperstatique aux coefficients de réaction (HRM). Les modèles développés par la méthode HRM sont tout d'abord proposés pour étudier le comportement de tunnels en forme de fer à cheval inversée dans différentes conditions, par exemple en considérant deux cas de charge, deux géométries différentes de revêtement de tunnel, deux cas de coefficients de réaction différents, changement de la rigidité des coefficients de réaction, conditions de sol multicouches, surcharges en surface et sol saturés. Les modèles présentés permettent d’aboutir à des prévisions qualitatives avec une efficacité de calcul élevée par rapport à la modélisation numérique en différences finies. Une analyse paramétrique est ensuite réalisée pour estimer le comportement du revêtement de tunnel en forme de fer à cheval dans un grand nombre de cas couvrant les conditions généralement rencontrées dans la pratique. Ensuite, en prenant comme exemple un tunnel métropolitain à deux voies, une série de fonctions mathématiques est déduite et utilisée dans le processus d'optimisation d’un tunnel de forme complexe, ce qui offre aux concepteurs de tunnels un support théorique leur permettant de choisir la forme optimale du tunnel à mettre en oeuvre. L’effet de différents paramètres, tels que le coefficient des terres au repos, le module d’Young du sol, la profondeur du tunnel, les surcharges en surface, sur les efforts internes et la forme du tunnel. Dans la dernière partie du manuscrit, l’influence d’un changement de température sur les efforts dans le revêtement d’un tunnel circulaire au moyen de la méthode HRM est étudiée en tenant compte de différents facteurs, tels que l’épaisseur du revêtement de tunnel, le module d’élasticité du revêtement et le coefficient de dilatation thermique du sol
This research work aims to present the design of tunnel by means of the Hyperstatic Reaction Method (HRM). The models developed by the HRM method are firstly proposed for investigating the behaviour of U-shaped tunnels under different conditions, considering two load cases, two different geometries of U-shaped tunnel lining, two different cases of springs, change of the spring stiffness, multi-layered soil conditions, surcharge loading, and saturated soil masses. The presented models permit to obtain good predictions with a high computational efficiency in comparison to finite difference numerical modelling. Then a parametric analysis has permitted to estimate the U-shaped tunnel lining behaviour in a large number of cases which cover the conditions that are generally encountered in practice. Thereafter, taking a twin-lane metro tunnel as an example, a series of mathematical functions used in the optimization progress of sub-rectangular tunnel shape is deduced, which gives to tunnel designers a theoretical support to choose the optimal sub-rectangular tunnel shape. The effect of different parameters, like the lateral earth pressure factor, soil Young’s modulus, tunnel depth, surface loads, on the internal forces and shape of sub-rectangular tunnel is then given. In the last part of the manuscript, the influence of a temperature change on the lining forces of circular tunnel by means of the HRM method is investigated, considering different factors, such as the tunnel lining thickness, lining elastic modulus and ground coefficient of thermal expansion
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Hamilton, Christianne Rhea. "Design of Test Sections for a High Enthalpy Wind Tunnel." MSSTATE, 2003. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-04082003-114126/.

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This document describes the design of a supersonic and a subsonic test section for a high enthalpy wind tunnel. A streamline is tracked through a supersonic test section using the method of characteristics. The specifics of the design program and the design techniques are illustrated for the supersonic section. The section of the paper dealing with the subsonic nozzle has a greatly diverse nature. This section details the inlet and exhaust restrictions and construction elements for the entire low speed system. The system is currently being set up for testing with the subsonic section, and the supersonic will eventually follow.
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Книги з теми "DESIGN OF A TUNNEL"

1

Cherchali, C. Tunnel. Alger: Office des publications universitaires, 1993.

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2

1938-, Nishioka Takashi, ed. Theoretical tunnel mechanics. [Tokyo]: University of Tokyo Press, 1991.

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3

Arsenio, Negro. Design of shallow tunnels in soft ground. Edmonton, Alta: University of Alberta, Department of Civil Engineering, 1988.

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4

Tunnel. Collingwood, Ont: Saunders Book Co., 2011.

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5

Bell, James H. Contraction design for small low-speed wind tunnels. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1988.

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6

Paine, Lauran. The Atlantic tunnel. Leicester: Linford, 2009.

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7

Plizzari, G. Construction methodologies and structural performance of tunnel linings: Optimisation of the structural, technological and functional performance, of construction methodologies and materials, in tunnel linings. Brescia, Italy: Starrylink Editrice, 2009.

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8

Panet, Marc, and Jean Sulem. Convergence-Confinement Method for Tunnel Design. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-93193-3.

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Bieniawski, Z. T. Tunnel design by rock mass classifications. Vicksburg, MS: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Geotechnical Laboratory, 1990.

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Chapman, David Neil. Introduction to tunnel construction. New York, NY: Taylor & Francis, 2010.

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Частини книг з теми "DESIGN OF A TUNNEL"

1

Ingason, Haukur, Ying Zhen Li, and Anders Lönnermark. "Design Fire Curves." In Tunnel Fire Dynamics, 153–77. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2199-7_6.

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Preinl, Z. T. Bieniawski von, and Benjamín Celada Tamames. "Tunnel design methodologies." In Ground Characterization and Structural Analyses for Tunnel Design, 31–60. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, a CRC title, part of the Taylor & Francis imprint, a member of the Taylor & Francis Group, the academic division of T&F Informa, plc, [2019]: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351168489-2.

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Bobet, Antonio, and Herbert H. Einstein. "Principles of ground–structure interaction." In Tunnel Design Methods, 1–36. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003328940-1.

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Bobet, Antonio, and Herbert H. Einstein. "Special cases." In Tunnel Design Methods, 347–466. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003328940-6.

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Bobet, Antonio, and Herbert H. Einstein. "Analytical methods." In Tunnel Design Methods, 211–90. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003328940-4.

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Bobet, Antonio, and Herbert H. Einstein. "Numerical methods." In Tunnel Design Methods, 291–346. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003328940-5.

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Bobet, Antonio, and Herbert H. Einstein. "Analysis of structural components." In Tunnel Design Methods, 467–557. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003328940-7.

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Bobet, Antonio, and Herbert H. Einstein. "Direct and indirect methods for soil tunnels." In Tunnel Design Methods, 167–210. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003328940-3.

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Bobet, Antonio, and Herbert H. Einstein. "Empirical methods and classifications for rock tunnels." In Tunnel Design Methods, 37–166. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003328940-2.

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Jones, Benoît. "Segmental lining design." In Soft Ground Tunnel Design, 269–322. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429470387-9.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "DESIGN OF A TUNNEL"

1

King, A. S. "Evolution of the Eurostar electrical design 1987-1997." In Channel Tunnel Experience: Lessons for the Future. IEE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp:19970001.

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2

Hua, Nan, Anthony F. Tessari, and Negar Elhami-Khorasani. "Design Fire Scenarios for Railway Tunnel Fires." In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.0082.

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<p>Extreme fire events in tunnels may have catastrophic consequences, which include loss of lives, structural damage, and major socioeconomic impacts. One of the primary factors that influences the level of damage is the demand fire scenario in a tunnel. A few standard hydrocarbon fire temperature-time curves exist, but they are idealized and do not consider the actual fire duration and fire spread inside the tunnel. Risk-based decision-making frameworks and performance-based design of tunnel linings require a more realistic set of fire scenarios compared to the standard fire curves. This paper focuses on a traveling fire model for a railway tunnel to evaluate temperature evolution considering fire spread between train cars. In this study, a series of numerical simulations are conducted in Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS), a computational fluid dynamics software package. A parametric study with varying ventilation velocity, amount of fuel, tunnel slope, ignition point and criteria for fire spread is performed. The outcome of this work can be used in future to establish guidelines for design temperature demands within risk-based frameworks to minimize economic losses in railway tunnels in case of fire.</p>
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Pidić, Almir, Egil Aasbøe, Jørgen Simensen Almankaas, Andreas Simskar Wulvik, and Martin Steinert. "Low-Cost Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) for Inspection of Water-Filled Tunnels During Operation." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85592.

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This paper presents a new low-cost autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) for inspection of water-filled tunnels. Deployment in flowing water tunnels and later retrieval at the tunnel exit produces a two-dimensional height vs. time plot of the tunnel, which can be compared to tunnel schematics. The resultant contour data is useful for maintenance planning and tunnel assessment in terms of internal clogging. This paper presents a proof-of-concept for traversing water filled tunnels by using water flow and variable buoyancy. Empirical data is collected in a scaled down version of one specific water supply tunnel in Norway.
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4

Colino, Mark P., and Elena B. Rosenstein. "A New Advance in Tunnel Ventilation Design Planning." In 2017 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2017-2203.

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The new train signaling, traction power and tunnel ventilation system coordination guidelines enacted in National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Standard 130 have brought the necessity and cost of tunnel ventilation fan shafts into greater focus. The guidelines were aimed at coordinating the three aforementioned rail systems to control the number of trains that could be between successive ventilation shafts during an emergency — in recognition of the fact that the best protection to both incident and non-incident train passengers and crew is to allow no more than one train in each ventilation zone. Though based in safety, these new NFPA guidelines can substantially expand the capital cost and environmental impact of new rail tunnel projects by adding more ventilation shafts and tunnel fan equipment to the scope of work. In addition, the resulting increase in the required number of ventilation shafts and tunnel fan equipment can hinder existing railroad properties as they seek to either increase their train throughput rates, or reduce their tunnel electrical infrastructure. Fortunately, a new kind of emergency ventilation shaft has been developed to facilitate compliance with the NFPA 130 Standard without the excessive capital cost and far-reaching environmental impacts of a traditional emergency ventilation shaft. This new kind of emergency ventilation shaft is called the Crossflue. The Crossflue is a horizontal passage between parallel rail tunnels with a single ventilation fan-motor unit installation. The Crossflue fan is designed to transfer air/smoke flows from one (occupied, incident) tunnel to another (unoccupied, non-incident) tunnel — thereby protecting the incident tunnel at the expense of the non-incident tunnel. The Crossflue passage has angled construction to allow a smooth transition of airflows both into and out of the adjoining tunnels. In addition to the fan, the Crossflue contains a ventilation damper, sound attenuators, ductwork transitions and flexible connectors within the fan equipment line-up; the functionality of all this mechanical equipment is described in the paper. To preserve underground space and minimize the rock excavation, the Crossflue fan is both remotely-powered and remotely-controlled; the fan is only operated as part of a pre-programmed response to tunnel fire events. The methodology utilized to design the Crossflue was taken from the Subway Environmental Design Handbook (SEDH); the SEDH [1] was specifically developed for rail tunnel ventilation design and is the preeminent reference volume in the industry. In summary, the Crossflue provides a dual benefit of achieving NFPA 130 compliance, while at the same time minimizing the construction, equipment, environmental, and energy costs of a traditional tunnel ventilation shaft.
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5

Ropkins, John W. T. "Jacked Box Tunnel Design." In Geo-Congress 98. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784404065.002.

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6

"Wind Tunnel Methods." In SP-240: Performance-Based Design of Concrete Building for Wind Loads. American Concrete Institute, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/18294.

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7

Shao, Xiaoping, Min Wang, and Qun Zhou. "The design of tunnel lighting." In Asia Communications and Photonics Conference. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/acpc.2017.su2a.114.

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8

Wei, Qiang, David B. Kittelson, and Winthrop F. Watts. "Single-Stage Dilution Tunnel Design." In SAE 2001 World Congress. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2001-01-0207.

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9

Wu, Dicken K. H., Y. F. Lin, Y. F. Pin, and Dora W. S. Tsui. "Efficient Numerical Investigation of Ventilation System Design of Road Tunnels." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-93124.

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The road tunnel air quality would easily deteriorate if the vehicle-emitted exhaust gas is not properly removed or diluted. As a result, one of the major functions of effective ventilation in road tunnels is to prevent harmful substances from affecting tunnel users and also to maintain good visibility inside for safety consideration. In the present study, a highly efficient three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (3D CFD) simulation method has been developed and tested to model the traffic induced piston effect in a full scale road tunnel. This method is useful for the design of tunnel ventilation systems.
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10

Le Pelley, David, Richard Flay, and Per Ekblom. "Wind Tunnel Testing of Downwind Sails." In High Performance Yacht Design Conference. RINA, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3940/rina.ya.2002.22.

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Звіти організацій з теми "DESIGN OF A TUNNEL"

1

Grossir, Guillaume. On the design of quiet hypersonic wind tunnels. Von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35294/tm57.

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This document presents a thorough literature review on the development of hypersonic quiet tunnels. The concept of boundary layer transition in high-speed flows is presented first. Its consequences on the free-stream turbulence levels in ground facilities are reviewed next, demonstrating that running boundary layers along the nozzle walls must remain laminar for quiet operation. The design key points that enable laminar boundary layers and hypersonic operation with low free-stream noise levels are then identified and discussed. The few quiet facilities currently operating through the world are also presented, along with their design characteristics and performances. The expected characteristics and performances of a European quiet tunnel are also discussed, along with flow characterization methodologies and different measurement techniques. It is finally shown that the required expertise to establish the first European quiet hypersonic wind tunnel is mostly at hand.
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2

Shen, S. LCLS XTOD Tunnel Vacuum Transport System (XVTS) Final Design Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/900856.

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3

Lipinski, R. J., and R. P. Kensek. Conceptual design for an electron-beam heated hypersonic wind tunnel. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/522724.

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4

Mayda, Edward A., C. P. van Dam, David D. Chao, and Dale E. Berg. Computational design and analysis of flatback airfoil wind tunnel experiment. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/961975.

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Tondra, Mark, James M. Daughton, Catherine Nordman, Dexin Wang, and John Taylor. Micromagnetic Design of Spin Dependent Tunnel Junctions for Optimized Sensing Performance. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada451667.

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Majdi, A., F. P. Hassani, and P. Cain. The influence of design parameters on tunnel closure in the Sydney Coalfield. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/304954.

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7

Jeon, Kanghoon. Band-to-Band Tunnel Transistor Design and Modeling for Low Power Applications. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada561676.

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Marshall, R. D. Performance requirements and preliminary design of a boundary layer wind tunnel facility. Gaithersburg, MD: National Bureau of Standards, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nbs.ir.85-3168.

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9

Brown, C. R. Preliminary Nozzle Design for use in a Small-Scale, High Mach Number Wind Tunnel. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1568032.

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Kandalaft-Ladkany, N. Design management and stress analysis of a circular rock tunnel for storage of spent nuclear fuel. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10146824.

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