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Статті в журналах з теми "Deliberate action"
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Gibbs, Raymond W. "Are ‘deliberate’ metaphors really deliberate?" Metaphor and the Social World 1, no. 1 (July 22, 2011): 26–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/msw.1.1.03gib.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Some metaphor scholars have proposed that certain notable metaphorical expressions in speech and writing may have been deliberately composed, and quite consciously employed for their special rhetorical purposes. Deliberate metaphors are different from conventional ones, which are typically produced automatically and thoughtlessly, something that speakers and listeners, authors and readers, tacitly recognize when they engage in metaphoric discourse. This article explores some of these common assumptions about deliberate metaphor in light of contemporary research in cognitive science on meaning, consciousness and human action. My claim is that deliberate metaphors, contrary to the popular view, may not be as ‘deliberate’ in their creation and use as is traditionally believed, and therefore are not essentially different from other forms of metaphoric language. Moreover, engaging in deliberative thought processes is often exactly the wrong way to create novel, apt verbal metaphors.
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DeCotis, Paul A. "Leadership and Deliberate Action." Climate and Energy 38, no. 9 (March 11, 2022): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gas.22283.
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Chellas, Brian F., and Krister Segerberg. "The Logic of Deliberate Action." Journal of Symbolic Logic 51, no. 2 (June 1986): 476. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2274077.
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Stoecker, Ralf. "Agents in Action." Grazer Philosophische Studien 61, no. 1 (June 1, 2001): 21–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18756735-061001004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
I offer a justification for the received view that the characteristic feature of agents is to be found in the particular way their behaviour is explainable. Agents are people who have acquired three skills: (i) to act in accordance with inner or public deliberation; (ii) to do many things almost as if they had deliberated; and (iii) to recognize situations where it is worthwhile to switch from the second to the first skill. We can therefore assume that agents behave as if they were accompanying their behaviour by constant thinking although they don't actually deliberate all the time. This view allows for some attractive solutions for notorious problems in action theory but has the surprising ontological consequence that, although there are agents in action, there are no actions.
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McKinney, Earl H., and Kevin J. Davis. "Effects of Deliberate Practice on Crisis Decision Performance." Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 45, no. 3 (September 2003): 436–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1518/hfes.45.3.436.27251.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study examined the impact of deliberate practice on pilot decision making in once-in-a-career crisis decision scenarios. First we explored the impact of deliberate practice on pilot decision-making performance for crisis flying scenarios that had been practiced in their entirety. Then we looked at the impact of deliberate practice in which one aspect of the crisis scenario - the particular malfunction - was unpracticed. We analyzed pilot decision-making performance in response to 160 airborne mechanical malfunctions. We initially found that deliberate practice significantly improves decision-making performance for wholly practiced crises but does not improve decision-making performance when the specific malfunction has not been practiced. We then split decision making for each crisis into two phases: assessment and action selection. For wholly practiced crisis scenarios, additional deliberate practice positively impacts each decision-making phase. However, for part-practiced scenarios, deliberate practice appears to differentially affect phase of error. Specifically, pilots with more deliberate practice erred in action selection, whereas less-practiced pilots erred in assessment. Actual or potential applications of this research include training proscriptions for crisis decision making.
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Schwartz, Wynn. "What Is A Person And How Can We Be Sure?" Journal of Ethics and Emerging Technologies 24, no. 3 (September 30, 2014): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.55613/jeet.v24i3.30.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A Paradigm Case Formulation (PCF) of Persons is developed that allows competent judges to identify areas of agreement and disagreement regarding where they draw a line on what is to be included as a person. The paradigm case is described as a linguistically competent individual able to engage in Deliberate Action in a Dramaturgical Pattern. Specific attention is given to the ability of paradigm case persons to employ Hedonic, Prudent, Aesthetic and Ethical perspectives in choosing their Deliberate Actions and Social Practices.
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Khalighinejad, Nima, Elisa Brann, Alexander Dorgham, and Patrick Haggard. "Dissociating Cognitive and Motoric Precursors of Human Self-Initiated Action." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 31, no. 5 (May 2019): 754–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01380.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Across-trial variability of EEG decreases more markedly before self-initiated than before externally triggered actions, providing a novel neural precursor for volitional action. However, it remains unclear whether this neural convergence is an early, deliberative stage or a late, execution-related stage in the chain of cognitive processes that transform intentions to actions. We report two experiments addressing these questions. Participants viewed randomly moving dots on a screen. At a random time, all dots started moving coherently to the left or right side of the screen. Participants were rewarded for correctly responding to the direction of coherent dot movement. However, the waiting time before coherent dot motion onset could be extremely long. Participants had the option to skip waiting by pressing a “skip” key. These self-initiated “skips” were compared with blocks where participants were instructed to skip. EEG variability decreased more markedly before self-initiated compared with externally triggered “skip” actions, replicating previous findings. Importantly, this EEG convergence was stronger at frontomidline electrodes than at either the electrode contralateral or ipsilateral to the hand assigned to the “skip” action in each block (Experiment 1). Furthermore, convergence was stronger when availability of skip responses was “rationed,” encouraging deliberate planning before skipping (Experiment 2). This suggests that the initiation of voluntary actions involves a bilaterally distributed, effector-independent process related to deliberation. A consistent process of volition is detectable during early, deliberative planning and not only during late, execution-related time windows.
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Millán, Gustavo Ortiz. "DELIBERATION, ACTION AND NORMATIVITY." Tópicos, Revista de Filosofía 36, no. 1 (November 28, 2013): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.21555/top.v36i1.131.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
En este artículo hago comentarios a varios aspectos del artículo de Martin Seel, “The Ability to Deliberate”, principalmente en sus afirmaciones de que la deliberación es una forma de acción, en su no muy clara distinción entre deliberación y pensamiento, y en la relación entre normatividad y deliberación. Hay también algunos comentarios sobre el razonamiento práctico y el teórico, así como en su caracterización de lo que son las razones.
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Childs, Sophie, Tilak A. Ginige, and Hannah Pateman. "Deliberate concealment." International Journal of Law in the Built Environment 9, no. 1 (April 10, 2017): 32–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlbe-11-2016-0018.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose Welwyn Hatfield Council v Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government [2009] EWHC 966 (Admin), Welwyn Hatfield Council v. Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government [2010] EWCA Civ 26 and Welwyn Hatfield Council v. Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government [2011] UKSC 15 (Beesley hereafter) and Fidler v. Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government [2010] EWHC 143 (Admin), Fidler v. Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government [2011] EWCA civ 1159 (Fidler hereafter) are two recent cases concerning deliberately concealed breaches of planning control. The defendants engaged in dishonest and misleading conduct, in an attempt to rely on a loophole within Section 171B of the Town and Country Planning Act 1990 (T&CPA). This study aims to critically analyse two solutions which were created to close the loophole; in addition, this study analyses various alternative remedies that have been suggested, and finally, whether the present law has been sufficient to remedy the situation. Design/methodology/approach The T&CPA is a key piece of legislation regulating planning controls; Section 171A-C provides the time limits for taking enforcement action against a breach of planning control. To achieve the above purpose, an evaluation of those provisions will be undertaken in detail. Subsequently, this study will analyse two solutions which were created to close the loophole; firstly, the Supreme Court (SC) decision (Welwyn Hatfield Borough Council v. Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government [2011] UKSC 15) and, secondly, the governments’ decision to amend the T&CPA without awaiting the SC’s decision[1]. Findings This research concludes that the government should have awaited the SC’s decision before amending statute to prohibit reliance upon the expiration of time where there is an element of deliberate concealment. Additionally, this study suggests that the statutory amendments were not required in light of the SC’s solution in Beesley. As a result of the governments’ ill-considered decision, uncertainty has permeated through the conveyancing process, causing ambiguity, delays and additional expense in transactions at a time when a precarious property market needs anything but uncertainty. Research limitations implications The scope of this research is limited to deliberate concealment of breaches of planning control and the four-year enforcement period; whilst considering the consequences of the solutions proposed, this study does not provide a detailed overview of the planning system, but rather assumes prior knowledge. Originality/value This study offers a unique assessment of the law relating to the deliberate concealment of planning breaches and offers a thorough criticism of the law with recommendations for reform. Additionally, a variety of alternative solutions are considered. Both legal academics, planning professionals and those interested in planning law will find the paper a thought-provoking digest.
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Aguilar, Jemel P., and Elisabeth Counselman-Carpenter. "‘The Mirage of Action’." Advances in Social Work 21, no. 2/3 (September 23, 2021): 1020–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.18060/24400.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This autoethnographic study highlights complex strategies for maintaining white supremacy used by “well-intentioned” heterocentric white female social workers that are enacted under the guise of practicing anti-racism in social work practice settings, classroom environments, policy initiatives, and advocacy work. Using autoethnography was both unplanned and deliberate. Unplanned, we needed a research method that allows us to explore the untouchable subject of heterocentric white female social workers and deliberate in that we could use our experiences to break ground and establish white supremacy among heterocentric white female social workers that espouse anti-racist values as an area of study. We draw on education, anthropology, sociology, and other disciplines to name some of the ongoing challenges to dismantling racism, colonialist, and reformer narratives in social work, and identify strategies used by all white folx, but particularly heterocentric white female social workers to neutralize the suggestion or accusation of their acts as racism. We name three challenges to dismantling racism among heterocentric white female social workers: hiding behind the data, anti-racist book clubs, and crying and comfort. We conclude with further questions for those who hold power in the field and a reflection upon our own continued intersecting struggles with these concepts.
Дисертації з теми "Deliberate action"
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Maffei, Giovanni. "Automatic and deliberate control of action: an embodied perspective of artificial and biological brains." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666954.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Animals evolved to survive in dynamic environments by developing multiple behavioral strategies to adapt and to learn from their interaction with the world. Associative mechanisms and internal representations are at the core brain computation, however, to acquire a complete knowledge of their relevance for behavior it is necessary to take into consideration their embodied nature. In an interdisciplinary effort which integrates methods from computational modeling, robotics, and electrophysiology, this dissertation presents a series of studies that aim at advancing the understanding of the automatic and deliberate processes that regulate embodied control of action in the brain. Through the formulation of a biologically constrained control architecture engaged in a real-world foraging task, we lay the ground for modeling and analyzing complex goal-oriented behavior emerging from the interplay between the automatic cerebro-cerebellar system acquiring sensory-motor associations, and the deliberate fronto-hippocampal system providing goal-oriented navigation and planning. Following the behavioral analysis of the stimulus-response model of cerebellar learning, we later ask how could the cerebellum implement anticipatory control, which is both adaptive and resistant to uncertainty. To answer this question, we explore the properties of the automatic control system and advance a novel hypothesis on the role of the cerebellum, by recasting its computation in the perceptual domain. Finally, we ask how the automatic and deliberate systems interact during unexpected situations that require a sudden change of plans. By analyzing the neural dynamics of the human frontal cortex in the control of deliberate action switch, we support the contribution of low-frequency oscillatory dynamics within this area to orchestrate behavior, based on internal representations of goals and rules. Altogether these results contribute to our understanding of how automatic and deliberate processes control action in the brain and advance novel insights that challenge or extend current theories. Despite the main aim to understand the brain, these insights could also be applied to the development of novel control systems for a new generation of robots.Els animals van evolucionar per sobreviure en entorns dinàmics desenvolupant múltiples estratègies de comportament per adaptar-se i aprendre de la seva interacció amb el món. Els mecanismes associatius i les representacions internes estan en el nucli del càlcul del cervell, però, per adquirir un coneixement complet de la seva rellevància per a la conducta, cal tenir en compte la seva naturalesa incorporada. En un esforç interdisciplinari que integra mètodes de modelització computacional, robòtica i electrofisiologia, aquesta tesi presenta una sèrie d’estudis que pretenen avançar en la comprensió dels processos automàtics i deliberats que regulen el control de l’acció incorporat al cervell. Mitjançant la formulació d’una arquitectura de control biològicament restringida dedicada a una tasca de forjat en el món real, posem el terreny per modelar i analitzar una conducta orientada a objectius complexos que sorgeix de la interacció entre el sistema cerebrovascular cerebral automàtic que adquireix associacions sensorials motores i deliberat sistema fronto-hipocamp que proporciona una navegació i una planificació orientades a objectius. Després de l’anàlisi conductual del model d’estímul-resposta de l’aprenentatge cerebel.lari, ens preguntem més endavant com es pot aplicar el cerebel a un control anticipat que e ́s a la vegada adaptatiu i resistent a la incertesa. Per respondre a aquesta pregunta, explorem les propietats del sistema de control automàtic i avancem una nova hipòtesi sobre el paper del cerebel, tot reformant la seva computacio ́ en el domini perceptiu. Finalment, preguntem com interactuen els sistemes automa`tic i deliberat durant situacions inesperades que requereixen un canvi sobtat de plans. Analitzant la dina`mica neural de l’escorça frontal humana en el control del canvi d’acció deliberada, recolzem l’aportació de dinàmiques oscil.ladores de baixa freqüència en aquesta àrea per orquestrar el comportament, basant-se en representacions internes d’objectius i regles. Tot plegat, aquests resultats contribueixen a la nostra comprensió de com processos automàtics i deliberats controlen l’acció en el cervell i avancen noves idees que desafien o allarguen les teories actuals. Malgrat l’objectiu principal d’entendre el cervell, aquestes idees també es podrien aplicar al desenvolupament de nous sistemes de control per a una nova generació de robots.
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Wu, Jiayun, and Jiayun Wu. "A Goal-Striving Model for Consumers' Deliberate Counterfeit-Consumption Behavior." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/205418.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Counterfeit consumption is becoming widespread, developing into a problem of international significance. In an attempt to develop a refined understanding of the motivations and decision-making processes of consumers' deliberate counterfeit-consumption behavior, this empirical study not only integrates the theory of planned behavior and insights from self-regulatory theories, but also extends these theories by re-conceptualizing the relationships among key constructs with the inclusion of action desire. This research also introduces and integrates a new construct, namely consumers' Perceived Counterfeit Detection (PCD) by important others.Using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods consisting of in-depth interviews and a self-administered paper questionnaire, this research empirically tested a proposed goal-striving model for deliberate counterfeit-consumption behavior, using structural equations modeling. Results demonstrated PCD's existence and supported a refined goal-striving model, based upon which effective strategies to decrease consumer's counterfeit consumption are discussed.
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Peralta, Alexandra. "La notion de voluntas chez Lucrèce : du mouvement volontaire à l’action délibérée." Thesis, Paris 1, 2022. https://ecm.univ-paris1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/1d87d458-1d87-486d-be11-c98f12dc0281.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Dans cette thèse, je me propose d’examiner le sens et la portée de la notion de voluntas chez le poète épicurien Lucrèce. Pour ce faire, j’emploie deux types d’approches : l’un proprement historique et critique, l’autre interprétatif. C’est ainsi que dans la première partie de ce travail, il est question de l’analyse sémantique du terme voluntas à l’époque du poète, premier siècle avant J.-C. Il s’agit d’un travail historique et philologique qui est complété ensuite par une critique des sources, antiques et modernes, sur le rapport supposé entre la voluntas et le clinamen des atomes. Le résultat de cette première analyse m’a permis de constater que, d’une part, la voluntas consiste en un mouvement des atomes de l’esprit et, de l’autre, que la signification de ce terme a néanmoins varié dans les différentes interprétations, notamment contemporaines. Dans la seconde partie de ma recherche, je me propose de vérifier l’hypothèse suivante : la voluntas en tant que mouvement volontaire des atomes de l’esprit constitue un concept qui s’articule aux trois registres présents dans le poème lucrétien : la philosophie naturelle, la psychophysiologie et la psychologie morale. Concernant le premier domaine, j’analyse la notion de sponte sua ou spontanéité naturelle, concept central de l’exposé lucrétien, afin de montrer que la voluntas est une espèce de cette spontanéité. Pour le dire autrement, la capacité des animaux de maîtriser leur mouvement est l’expression d’un type de causalité naturelle qui se distingue bien de la nécessité et du hasard. L’étude des conditions psychophysiologiques de réalisation de la voluntas est l’objet du deuxième chapitre. Dans le dernier chapitre, j’analyse la notion de consilium, afin de proposer qu’elle désigne l’opération rationnelle de l’âme permettant la délibération et ainsi, l’accomplissement d’actions proprement rationnelles. Ainsi comprise, la voluntas aide à saisir autrement la fameuse polémique sur le clinamen, car son intervention n’est pas nécessaire pour comprendre le processus de mouvement animal. La liberté dont nous jouissons est une liberté de mouvement et, pour les humains, une liberté d’agir intentionnellementIn this thesis, I propose to examine the meaning and scope of the notion of voluntas in the Epicurean poet Lucretius. To this purpose, I use two approaches: one properly historical and critical, the other interpretative. The first part of this work deals with the semantic analysis of the term voluntas at the time of the poet, the first century B.C. It is a historical and philological work which is then completed by a critique of the sources, ancient and modern, on the supposed relationship between voluntas and the clinamen of atoms. The result of this first analysis allowed me to note that, on the one hand, voluntas consists in a movement of the atoms of the mind and, on the other hand, that the meaning of this term has nevertheless varied in the different interpretations, notably contemporary ones. In the second part of my thesis, I propose to verify the following hypothesis: voluntas as a voluntary movement of the atoms of the mind is a concept that is articulated in the three registers present in the Lucretian poem: natural philosophy, psychophysiology, and moral psychology. Concerning the first field, I analyze the notion of sponte sua or natural spontaneity, a central concept of the Lucretian exposition, in order to show that voluntas is a species of this spontaneity. In other words, the ability of animals to control their movement is the expression of a type of natural causality that is quite distinct from necessity and chance. The study of the psychophysiological conditions for the realization of voluntas is the subject of my second chapter. In the last chapter, I analyze the notion of consilium, in order to propose that it designates the rational operation of the soul allowing deliberation and thus, the accomplishment of properly rational actions. Understood in this way, voluntas helps to understand differently the famous polemic on clinamen, because its intervention is not necessary to understand the process of animal movement. The freedom we enjoy is a freedom of movement and, for humans, a freedom to act intentionally
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Leung, Cheuk-Hang. "Educating for deliberative citizenship : public reason, political morality and civic action." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2013. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10020740/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This project seeks to give a normative account of citizenship education in the context of deliberative democracy. Within the framework of reasonable pluralism. civic life is not as ethically minimal as many liberals think. I will argue that liberal democracy needs to incorporate the idea of deliberative democracy in order to achieve its aspiration for the teaching and learning of active and reciprocal citizens within the framework of reasonable pluralism. Ethical traits. dispositions, and characters are essential liberal vi11ues to bring about a flourishing liberal democratic life. Using the conception of deliberative democracy, I theorize an ethically robust conception of the political person for liberal citizenship education that could accommodate the ideas of public reason, political morality and civic action. In so doing, I propose a framework of citizenship as reasonableness by reformulating Rawls's political liberalism and supplementing it with Dewey’s Pragmatism - especially his ideas of human intelligence. freedom as individuality and cooperative inquiry. As such, liberal democratic citizenship could be attentive to civic duties. active civic participation, and cultivation of liberal virtues. This framework also demonstrates an authentic understanding of liberal democratic polity as an ethical project of cooperative living and fulfills the inherent requirements of liberal theory, both in terms of articulating an ethically robust conception of the political person as well as accommodating moral difference in a diverse society. In addition, the educative feature of public deliberation suggests that reasonable citizens could thoroughly internalize public reason and political morality through practising deliberative civic action. Through the lens of deliberative democracy, this project aims to advocate a thick conception of citizenship education for contemporary liberalism in order to address the theorization of the civic self and the moral demands of liberal democratic citizenship.
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von, Ahlefeld Nisser Désirée. "Vad kommunikation vill säga : En iscensättande studie om specialpedagogers yrkesroll och kunskapande samtal." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Specialpedagogiska institutionen, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-26234.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis is about the role of special educators in (pre)school and about developing democratic communication. It is based on the theory of argumentation developed by Jürgen Habermas. The aim of the study was to describe the conditions that create possibilities for deliberative communication between special educators, parents, students and colleagues in (pre)school. My overarching aim was to contribute to a more distinct description of special educators´ field of knowledge. I have used a social constructionist approach. The project has been based in the field of action research. A precondition for deliberative dialogues in (pre)schools is to start out from a communicative perspective. That means that (1) some theoretical conditions have been made apparent, (2) knowledge about these conditions have been shown to be crucial for using an aware communicative perspective in a speech act, (3) an aware communicative perspective is revealed through procedures of knowledge. These procedures were understood by and made evident to me as a result of network meeting discussions. A communicative perspective, a special educator as facilitator and procedures of knowledge are found to be crucial for collaboration using a deliberative attitude in (pre)schools. Today there is often a lack of pedagogical professionals in (pre)schools who can act as a link between authorities, organisations, professionals and parents, and who have the authority to pose challenging pedagogical questions. This can be changed if the role of special educators is, instead of teacher, defined as communicative special educators working with dialogues on different levels.
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Buttigieg, Claire Ruth. "Deliberation in Lyttelton: Deliberative Democratic Theory in Action: A community Group responds to Energy and Climate issues." Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Social and Political Science, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5322.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of this thesis is to explore the under-studied area of deliberative democratic
politics at the local level, while adding to the literature on deliberative theory itself.
Empirical research was conducted through the qualitative tools of participant observation
in Project Lyttelton’s Energy Matters Workshop and in-depth interviews with Project
Lyttelton members, workshop participants and local government representatives. A
comparative analysis was also undertaken between two locally focussed initiatives
looking at citizen engagement and democracy in relation to climate change.
The findings of this research suggest that Project Lyttelton’s Energy Matters Workshop
answers the call for a deliberative approach through its use of the key institutional
features of deliberative democratic processes. The research findings also show that local
deliberative initiatives may not be about reaching consensus or agreement in relation to a
particular issue such as climate change. Rather, they may be focused on building up a
network of citizens that discuss new ideas, build awareness, invigorate public
engagement, highlight shared interests and motivate new initiatives.
However, the research data also draws attention to compelling, and as yet unanswered
questions, about just what conditions are needed for local deliberation to affect public
policy and climate change decision-making, how deliberative practices could be
integrated within government structures themselves, how the current political framework
(and context) could act as a spur to those at the local level, and how local participation
and deliberation could have a voice in the largely international climate change arena.
This research adds to the scholarship on deliberative theory by examining what
deliberation looks like at the local level, while providing further empirical research for
deliberative theory itself.
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Brockerville, Gordon Thomas. "A deliberative case study of decision-making and action in a physical education curriculum development project." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1995. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq25825.pdf.
Повний текст джерела
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Hendriks, Carolyn Maree, and C. M. Hendriks@uva nl. "Public Deliberation and Interest Organisations: a Study of Responses to Lay Citizen Engagement in Public Policy." The Australian National University. Research School of Social Sciences, 2004. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20050921.103047.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis empirically examines how lobby groups and activists respond to innovative forms of public participation. The study centres on processes that foster a particular kind
of deliberative governance including citizens’ juries, consensus conferences and planning cells. These deliberative designs bring together a panel of randomly selected lay citizens
to deliberate on a specific policy issue for a few days, with the aim of providing decision makers with a set of recommendations. While policy makers worldwide are attracted to these novel participatory processes, little consideration has been given to how well they work alongside more adversarial and interest-based politics. This doctoral research project examines this interface by studying what these processes mean to different kinds of policy actors such as corporations, advocacy groups, government agencies, experts
and professionals. These entities are collectively referred to in this thesis as ‘interest organisations’ because in some way they are seeking a specific policy outcome from the
state – even government-based groups.¶
The empirical research in this thesis is based on comparative case studies of four deliberative design projects in Australia and Germany. The Australian cases include a citizens’ jury on waste management legislation and a consensus conference on gene
technology in the food chain. The German case studies include a planning cells project on consumer protection in Bavaria, and a national consensus conference on genetic diagnostics. Together the cases capture a diversity of complex and contested policy
issues facing post-industrialised societies. In each case study, I examine how relevant interest organisations responded to the deliberative forum, and then interpret these responses in view of the context and features of the case.¶
The picture emerging from the in-depth case studies is that interest organisations respond to deliberative designs in a variety of ways. Some choose to participate actively,
others passively decline, and a few resort to strategic tactics to undermine citizens’ deliberations. The empirical research reveals that though responses are variable, most
interest organisations are challenged by several features of the deliberative design model including: 1) that deliberators are citizens with no knowledge or association with the
issue; 2) that experts and interest representatives are required to present their arguments before a citizens’ panel; and 3) that policy discussions occur under deliberative conditions which can expose the illegitimate use of power.¶
Despite these challenges, the paradox is that many interest organisations do decide to engage in lay citizen deliberations. The empirical research indicates that groups and experts value deliberative designs if they present an opportunity for public relations, customer feedback, or advocacy. Moreover, the research finds that when policy actors
intensively engage with ‘ordinary’ citizens, their technocratic and elite ideas about public participation can shift in a more inclusive and deliberative direction.¶
The thesis finds that, on the whole, weaker interest organisations are more willing to engage with lay citizens than stronger organisations because they welcome the chance to influence public debate and decision makers. It appears that powerful groups will only
engage in a deliberative forum under certain policy conditions, for example, when the dominant policy paradigm is unstable and contested, when public discussion on the issue is emerging, when policy networks are interdependent and heterogeneous, and when the broader social and political system supports public accountability, consensus and
deliberation. Given that these kinds of policy conditions do not always exist, I conclude that tensions between interest organisations and deliberative governance will be common. In order to create more cooperative and productive interfaces, I recommend
that interest organisations be better supported and integrated into citizens’ deliberations, and that steps be taken to safeguard forums from strategic attempts to undermine their
legitimacy.¶
The thesis also sends out three key messages to democratic theorists. First, the empirical research shows that different kinds of groups and actors in civil society vary in their
willingness and capacity to participate to public deliberation. Second, the deliberative design model demonstrates that partisan actors, such as interest organisations, will engage in public deliberation when they can participate as strategic deliberators. In this role
partisans are not expected to relinquish their agendas, but present them as testimonies before a group of deliberators. Third, the empirical research in this thesis should bring
home to theorists that deliberative forums are closely linked to the discursive context within which they operate.
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Adeyinka, Titilope Adetola. "Investigation of the method of "mixed" pill counts as a tool to detect deliberate masking of non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy at Ntshembo Clinic, Mamelodi Hospital." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Medunsa Campus), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/453.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis(MSc(Med)(Pharmacy))--University of Limpopo (Medunsa Campus), 2011.High levels of adherence to ART are essential for maximal suppression of viral replication and avoidance of drug resistance. Pill counts are an indirect, objective method of assessing adherence. Patients can invalidate pill counts by manipulating the number of tablets returned. This paper describes a pilot study which investigated the ability of ‘mixed’ pill counts to detect deliberate masking of non-adherence to ART at a public sector ARV Clinic in Pretoria, South Africa. Seventy-eight adult patients on a first line regimen of ART were recruited. At the first return visit, a standard pill count was performed and adherence (% of tablets taken) was calculated. For the repeat prescription, three days’ extra supply was dispensed without the patients’ knowledge. At the second return visit, a ‘mixed’ pill count was performed and adherence was calculated. Patients were grouped into three categories based on calculated adherence: truthfully non-adherent (<100% adherence), adherent (100% adherence) and ‘over-compliant’ (>100% adherence, i.e. returning to the clinic with fewer tablets than required). Exploratory interviews were conducted with truthfully nonadherent and over-compliant patients to obtain explanations for discrepancies in pill counts. Twenty-nine (37%) patients completed the study. Reasons for drop-out or discontinuation from the study included the issue of prescriptions for 2-3 months’ ARV supply, missed appointments, regimen changes and failure to return remaining tablets to the clinic. Eleven patients (38%) were identified as over-compliant in one or more of the ARVs in their regimen. Nine of these patients agreed to be interviewed, of which three admitted to manipulating their tablet numbers. Reasons for manipulation included: being ’fine now’ and not in need of ARVs; changes in body shape; possibility of the social grant being terminated if non-adherent; getting a new supply and no need for remaining ARVs; knowing that the tablets would be counted for the study. This pilot study indicated that the ‘mixed’ pill count method is capable of detecting deliberate masking of non-adherence. Applying this method to a larger sample may better estimate the frequency of pill count manipulation by patients and help gain insight to reasons for this behaviour and the extent of actual non-adherence. Key words: dumping, manipulation, masking, over-compliance, HAART
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Soares, Fatima Aparecida Cotrim. "Influência da capacitação em bioética na percepção dos profissionais para os problemas éticos na atenção básica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7141/tde-13012011-151430/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Pesquisa qualitativa, que se caracterizou como um estudo do tipo antes e depois. Teve como objetivo principal analisar o impacto de uma ação educativa em bioética clínica e deliberação moral aplicadas à atenção básica, com vistas a identificar se a percepção de problemas éticos se modificaria e se esta ação traria contribuições com aportes para lidar com as questões éticas na prática. A ação educativa foi desenvolvida com enfermeiros e médicos da Estratégia Saúde da Família, Santo André, SP, e calcou-se no enfoque problematizador e na bioética deliberativa, para apresentar o itinerário da deliberação como subsídio para o manejo de problemas éticos. Para avaliar a mudança na percepção de problemas éticos, foi aplicado um instrumento para inventariar tais situações, antes, depois e no meio da intervenção. Para avaliar a utilidade da ação educativa, foram feitas perguntas abertas, cujas respostas foram tratadas com análise de conteúdo. Houve mobilização positiva da sensibilidade ética dos participantes. Eles avaliaram a deliberação como um instrumental adequado para lidar com as questões éticas que vivem. A problematização mostrou-se efetiva como estratégia educativa na formação contínua em bioética deliberativa.Qualitative research, which was characterized with a kind of study before and after. The main objective was analyzing the impact of an educational intervention in clinical bioethics and moral decision applied to primary care, aiming to identify the perceived ethical problems would change and if this action would bring with subsidiary contributions to deal with ethical issues in practice. The educational activity was developed with nurses and medical doctors from the Family Health Strategy, Santo André, SP. The educational activity trod on the problem-posing approach and deliberative bioethics, to present the itinerary of the determination as to subsidize the management of ethical issues. To evaluate the usefulness of educational activities open-ended questions were made whose answers were dealt with content analysis. There was positive mobilization of ethical sensitivity of the participants. They evaluated the decision as an appropriate instrument to deal with ethical issues which they live. The problem-posing education strategy showed effective in continuous training in deliberative bioethics.
Книги з теми "Deliberate action"
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Jarle, Weigård, ed. Understanding Habermas: Communicative action and deliberative democracy. London, United Kingdom: Continuum, 2003.
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Hahn, Allison. Media Culture in Nomadic Communities. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463723022.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Media Culture in Nomadic Communities examines the ways that new technologies and ICT infrastructures have changed the communicative norms and patterns that regulate mobile and nomadic communities’ engagement in local and international deliberative decision-making. Each chapter examines a unique communicative event, such has how the Maasai of Tanzania have used online petitions to demand government action, how Mongolians in northern China have used microblogs to record and debate land tenure, and how herding communities from around the world have supported the Lakota Sioux protests at Standing Rock. Through these case studies, Hahn argues that mobile and nomadic communities are creating and utilizing new communicative networks that are radically changing local, national, and international deliberations.
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Holladay, Thomas. Deliberate Justice. Cinema Enterprises, 2021.
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Bunev, Seth. Screenfarers: Nurturing Deliberate Action in a Digital World. Cladonia Press, 2021.
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Tojeiro, Kate. Art of Possible: New Habits, Neuroscience and the Power of Deliberate Action. Black Mustang Press, 2015.
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6
Palmer, Stephen. Deliberate release of zoonotic agents. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198570028.003.0002.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Since 9/11 2001, international attention has once again focused on the risks to human and animal health from the deliberate release of infectious or toxic chemical agents. In theory any agent could be used by terrorists and disaffected people, but the most serious risk for infectious agents are mainly zoonotic (Franz et al. 1997). Three modes of exposure may be anticipated, inhalation of powder or spray or dust from explosives, direct contact or inoculation from an explosion, and ingestion. Centers for Disease Control (CDC) list 19 bioterrorism agents or groups of agents of which 14 are zoonotic. In Category A are 6 agents which can be easily disseminated or transmitted from person to person, that result in high mortality rates and have the potential for major public health impact, which might cause public panic and social disruption and which require special action from public health preparedness. Of these 6, four are zoonoses — Anthrax, Plague, Tularaemia and Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers. In Category B, are 12 groups of agents, which are moderately easy to disseminate and cause moderate morbidity. Of these 12 groups, 8 contain zoonoses: Brucellosis, Food Safety threats (e.g. Salmonella, E.coli 0157, Campylobacter), Meliodiosis, Psittacoccosis, Q Fever, Typhus, Viral encephalitis, Water safety threats (e.g. Cryptosporidium).
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Lewis, Era. Woman's Guide : Cultivating Everyday Personal Magnificence: Sow a Life of Positive and Deliberate Action. Independently Published, 2019.
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Mason, Peggy. From Movement to Action. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190237493.003.0023.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Tracts descending from motor control centers in the brainstem and cortex target motor interneurons and in select cases motoneurons. The mechanisms and constraints of postural control are elaborated and the effect of body mass on posture discussed. Feed-forward reflexes that maintain posture during standing and other conditions of self-motion are described. The role of descending tracts in postural control and the pathological posturing is described. Pyramidal (corticospinal and corticobulbar) and extrapyramidal control of body and face movements is contrasted. Special emphasis is placed on cortical regions and tracts involved in deliberate control of facial expression; these pathways are contrasted with mechanisms for generating emotional facial expressions. The signs associated with lesions of either motoneurons or motor control centers are clearly detailed. The mechanisms and presentation of cerebral palsy are described. Finally, understanding how pre-motor cortical regions generate actions is used to introduce apraxia, a disorder of action.
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Anderson, Rob J. Tarnished Heels: How Unethical Action and Deliberate Deceipt at the University of North Carolina Ended the Carolina Way. Strategic Media Books, 2014.
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10
Callard, Agnes. Akrasia. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190639488.003.0005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The standard analysis of weak-willed (akratic) action is that the agent acts on a reason she acknowledges as weaker than another she could have acted on. I argue that it does not make sense to think that the akratic “adds up” all her reasons and then opts to act on the weaker set. Instead, we must conclude that the akratic is unable to add up the relevant considerations, because she is intrinsically conflicted. Intrinsically conflicted agents inhabit two evaluative perspectives at the same time, but only one of them—the dominant perspective—governs their deliberative activity. The akratic acts against her deliberation, because she is motivated by the subordinate evaluative perspective from which she does not deliberate. She acts on reasons her reasoning failed to take into account. Akrasia occurs because agents sometimes need to make use of—deliberate from—values they don’t (fully) have.
Частини книг з теми "Deliberate action"
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Jia, Qing. "Deliberate Contrary-to-Law Action." In Logic, Rationality, and Interaction, 320. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04893-7_28.
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Müller, Cornelia. "Gesture as “deliberate expressive movement”." In From Gesture in Conversation to Visible Action as Utterance, 127–52. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/z.188.07mul.
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Scheall, Scott. "Hayekian political epistemology as a science of the limits of deliberate political action." In F. A. Hayek and the Epistemology of Politics, 158–77. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2020. | Series: Routledge studies in the history of economics; 228: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315266732-10.
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Koroliov, Sonja. "The Impossibility of Deliberate Action in Tolstoy’s Descriptions of Battle in War and Peace." In Universal- und kulturhistorische Studien. Studies in Universal and Cultural History, 305–15. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-27859-5_15.
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Ziporyn, Brook. "Guo Xiang: The Self-So and the Repudiation-cum-Reaffirmation of Deliberate Action and Knowledge." In Dao Companion to Daoist Philosophy, 397–423. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2927-0_17.
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Bower, Anne R. "Deliberative action constructs." In Towards a Social Science of Language, 57. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.128.07bow.
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Bufacchi, Vittorio. "Deliberative Democracy in Action." In Social Injustice, 152–60. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230358447_12.
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Mees, Roland. "Motivational challenges in the deliberative phase." In Sustainable Action and Motivation, 89–119. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2020.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429199677-5.
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Borup, Nichlas Bødker, Ann Louise Jul Christiansen, Sabine Hørdum Tovgaard, and John Stouby Persson. "Deliberative Technical Debt Management: An Action Research Study." In Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, 50–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91983-2_5.
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Niemeyer, Simon. "Knowledge and the Deliberative Stance in Democratic Systems: Harnessing Scepticism of the Self in Governing Global Environmental Change." In Knowledge for Governance, 269–92. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47150-7_12.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractModern challenges, such as global environmental change, cannot be dealt with via the generation of knowledge alone. Even in-principle public support requires broad recognition of responsibility to translate knowledge into appropriate action. This cannot be achieved where minds are closed, in which case greater levels of knowledge can actually feed into perverse outcomes. Overcoming these dynamics is facilitated to the extent that individuals adopt a deliberative stance (Owen D, Smith G, J Political Philosophy 23:213–234, 2015), which involves, inter alia, openness to ideas and hastens the rush to judgement on issues involving uncertainty and complexity—a scepticism of the self. In this paper, the author demonstrates the effects of the deliberative stance and the conditions under which it is best achieved. I draw my evidence from small-scale settings described by deliberative minipublics, but the observed mechanisms can be “scaled up” to inform possibilities for wider reform of the processes governing the uptake and use of knowledge.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Deliberate action"
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Ogechukwu Offor, Ngozika. "La question de l’intégrité académique dans l’enseignement supérieur au Nigeria : une perspective phénoménologique." In 2ème Colloque International de Recherche et Action sur l’Intégrité Académique. « Les nouvelles frontières de l’intégrité ». IRAFPA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56240/cmb9917.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Our study examines the root cause of this prevalent phenomenon in the Nigerian tertiary education system by analysing its peculiarities. The study is based on the inference that the issue of scientific plagiarism in Nigeria is more of a social phenomenon than an institutional problem. We introduce existing works as well trusted Nigerian newspapers articles. The findings of the research shows that societal perception has brought about the misconception that the term plagiarism is synonymous with imitation. It also reveals that while some act of plagiarism may be unintentional, deliberate plagiarism is perpetrated with impunity even within the walls of tertiary institutions. This study proposes a re-orientation of this general perception of the concept of plagiarism. This way, a better road map is set for the purging of the Nigerian tertiary education thereby creating an enabling environment for a skills-developing education system instead of being just a domain for the recycle of mediocrity.
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Al-Sayed, Said H., Yusef El-Sayed, and Sahar S. Gadou. "The application of resilience planning concepts as a tool for assessment and evaluating Egyptian urban communities to achieve resilience after disasters." In Post-Oil City Planning for Urban Green Deals Virtual Congress. ISOCARP, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/lowo4087.
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After the revolutions of the so-called Arab Spring which begin in Egypt at January 25, 2011, many disasters occurred in many Egyptian cities, and also significant changes in cities led to the emergence of severe shocks suffered by the community, including other subversive threats as Corona pandemic, long-term social pressures like unemployment and poor access Barriers to education, crime or homelessness, as well as deliberate sabotage of urban structures and infrastructure, directly or indirectly, have led to the deterioration of cities and the change of human behavior for the worse. The research aims to identify the concepts and methodology of resilience planning, and apply them to Egyptian cities to increase its ability to recover and adapt positively to un expected changing circumstances or challenges, including Revolutions, Corona pandemic, disasters and climate change, to maintain quality of life and healthy growth, and to achieve permanent systems that can preserving resources for present and future generations. It will also aim to create a tool as (Cities resilience assessment form) for assessment and evaluating the Egyptian Cities for its resilience. That will help to make a community resilience plan includes policies, programs and other actions that can be taken in many sectors to improve a society's ability to cope with risks or change circumstances. Resilience planning can thus reduce future disaster response and recovery costs and improve recovery time after natural or human hazards events. The research will include the definition of resilience planning concepts, implications and objectives that aim to update flexible land-use codes, zoning, development criteria, incentive programs, and other plans or policies to better prepare for potential shocks and pressures, and also help to develop standards that allow action against unexpected events
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Fletcher, F. K., and D. J. Kershaw. "Using active sonar to track fast targets via deliberate range ambiguity." In Information, Decision and Control. IEEE, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/idc.2002.995425.
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Sánchez Urien, Nerea, Mariangélica Martínez Chávez, and Agustí Canals Parera. "PARTICIPATORY ACTION RESEARCH FOR DELIBERATELY CHANGING AN ORGANIZATION’S LEARNING STRUCTURE." In 14th annual International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation. IATED, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2021.1928.
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Bulygina, Natalya. "REAL ESTATE FRAUD USING ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGIES." In Current problems of jurisprudence. ru: Publishing Center RIOR, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/02032-6/043-050.
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The article deals with real estate fraud — a set of deliberate actions aimed at the unlawful seizure of property rights or monetary assets by fraud or breach of trust. Individual citizens, legal entities, individual entrepreneurs, as well as groups of people united by a common criminal target may act as fraudster. With the development of electronic technologies, fraud technologies are also developing.
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Verbruggen, Silke, Marc Delghust, Jelle Laverge, and Arnold Janssens. "Comparative window use study: habits versus deliberative actions in residential buildings." In 2021 Building Simulation Conference. KU Leuven, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26868/25222708.2021.30847.
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Barradas, Vera, Ana Loures, Luis Loures, José Silveira Dias, and Victoria Carrillo Durán. "Colour as a Distinctive Element of the Territories." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001381.
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This paper is part of research under development, which aims to define a set of criteria and/or parameters in the fields of design and communication, to enhance the sustainability of Low-Density Territories, through the recognition of their identity and their distinctive signs.Thus, this article aims to know if the colour is constituted as a distinctive sign and contributes to the identity of the territory.According to studies developed by several authors over the past few years, the distinctive signs, whether tangible or intangible, are identifying and differentiating elements that ensure ethical and fair competition, which encourages sustainability. They can contribute decisively to the construction of a region's iconography, the reaffirmation of its territorial imprint and are a stimulus to territorial development. In the context of signs and place identity comes the concept of genius loci, or spirit of place, created by Norberg-Schulz, which refers to the distinctiveness that characterises each place.As long as there is light, colour is in every landscape we see. Whether they are, or not, worked, by Man, each landscape holds a palette that is composed of the colours that compose it: sky, vegetation, soil, rocks, buildings, signs, among others.For Simon Bell (1993), despite the chromatic variability that landscapes present, they are associated to a limited scale of colours, a fact that facilitates the definition of a local identity.Talking about local identity, as far as colour is concerned, leads to the concept of Colore Loci, which derives from the previously mentioned Genius Loci, created by Raimondo, to demonstrate the unique characteristics of a given place.In order to achieve the established objective, three types of landscape were identified: Natural Landscape, characterized by being able to have, or not, human intervention, but where the action of nature prevails and where the presence of construction is very reduced or even null; Landscape built by Man using local natural resources, refers, for example, to urban agglomerations where local materials are used to build, i.e. where local stone is used for the design of streets and pavements, for the cladding of buildings, or for the construction of exposed stone walls; and Painted Landscape, which is one that, regardless of whether or not it uses materials from the region, stands out for its deliberate use of artificial colours, which make these landscapes unmistakable.Through the analysis carried out it was possible to conclude that colour is even a distinctive sign of the territory, since each place has different types of heritage, natural and built, and these give the landscape distinctive shades, through permanent and non-permanent colours. However, and turning the focus to the valuation and attractiveness of the territories, which is the central theme of the doctoral research, it can be stated that the colour, and its use, can also create the identity of a place, and thus enhance it and make it attractive, since according to the analysis carried out, the spaces created by colour (the painted landscapes) are the most visited.
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Martin, Christopher R., Joseph Kinney, Andrew Matzik, and Jessica Molina. "Electrical Signatures for Chemical Action at the Work Surface in an Oxyfuel Flame." In ASME 2018 13th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2018-6354.
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An oxyfuel cutting torch was biased with a positive DC voltage relative to steel and copper work pieces, and ion currents were seen to flow due to ions generated chemically in the flame and at the work surface. A repeatable 150% rise in these currents occurs over steel at a surface temperature around 1050°C. Equally strong intermittent spikes appear over clean and corroded steel samples alike. They are are easily removed by a median value filter, and are believed to be due to small reacting particulates. Tests in which salt was deliberately deposited on the steel surface produces a signal similar in shape, but exaggerated in magnitude to those currents supposed to be from other surface impurities.
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Kadile, Laura. "Gribas izteikums kā tiesiska darījuma svarīgākais elements." In LU Studentu zinātniskā konference "Mundus et". LU Akadēmiskais apgāds, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/lu.szk.2.rk.08.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
To any uninvolved reader, word combinations like “understand the meaning of one’s action” and “ability to control one’s action” can be confusing. Would the legislator have deliberately created such a broad-ranging combination of philosophical concepts in the text of a legal norm that each factual circumstance could be covered under these concepts and render applicable the legal consequences specified in the legal norm, or, after all, does the legal doctrine and case law already envisage a clear model, according to which the respective legal norm is applied? In the absence of a uniform filling of a legal norm with substance, might such an interpretation permit a purely subjective assessment? For a uniform interpretation and application of legal norms to exist in practice, the interpretation must be based on new fundamental principles and a common legal doctrine, abstaining from the case law and understanding of legal norms that existed before the reform of civil procedure capacity.
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Fjær, Erling, and Idar Larsen. "Shale As a Sealing Barrier Around Deep Wells." In ASME 2018 37th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2018-78749.
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Well sections that have been completed with an open annulus between the casing and the rock are occasionally found to be sealed by shale that creeps in and closes the annulus. This process usually happens spontaneously, without deliberate actions from the operator, in weak rocks with high shale content. The phenomenon has been studied in a series of laboratory tests. The tests reveal that annulus pressure may play a significant role in the formation of a shale barrier. The study also shows that formation of the barrier implies damage and permanent deformation of the rock in a limited region around the hole. In the field, a shale barrier is hidden behind the casing and is not directly accessible. They are usually detected by sonic logging tools and verified by pressure communication tests. Interpretation of sonic signals from behind the casing is however challenging, and identification of shale barriers in the field is not trivial.
Звіти організацій з теми "Deliberate action"
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Blanchard, Christopher E. Noncombatant Evacuation Operations: Considerations for Deliberate and Crisis Action Planning. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada307402.
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Vantassel, Stephen M., and Brenda K. Osthus. Safety. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, November 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2018.7208746.ws.
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Wildlife damage management (WDM) is an exciting field with many opportunities to provide solutions to the complex issues involved in human-wildlife interactions. In addition, WDM wildlife control operators (WCO) face a variety of threats to their physical well-being. Injuries can result from misused, faulty, or poorly maintained equipment, inexperience, mishandled wildlife, harsh weather, and dangerous situations, such as electrical lines. The goals of this publication are to: Develop an awareness of safety issues and adopt a mindset of “Safety First”, Review the major safety threats that WCOs face, Provide basic information for WCOs to protect themselves, and List resources for further information and training. Work in WDM poses many safety risks to those involved. Awareness, planning, and deliberate action can eliminate or reduce many threats. As the industry continues to develop, WCOs must keep up with new threats and safety practices to maintain their well-being. Following safe work practices helps to ensure WCOs remain on-the-job and injury free.
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Widmer, Mireille, Marina Apgar, Jiniya Afroze, Sudhir Malla, Jill Healey, and Sendrine Constant. Capacity Development in a Participatory Adaptive Programme: the Case of the Clarissa Consortium. Institute of Development Studies, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/clarissa.2022.001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Doing development differently rests on deliberate efforts to reflect and learn, not just about what programmes are doing and achieving, but about how they are working. This is particularly important for an action research programme like Child Labour: Action- Research-Innovation in South and South-Eastern Asia (CLARISSA), which is implemented by a consortium of organisations from across the research and development spectrum, during a rapidly changing global pandemic. Harnessing the potential of diverse skills and complementary strengths across partners in responding to the complex challenge of the worst forms of child labour, requires capacity to work together in novel ways. This Research and Evidence Paper documents how CLARISSA approached capacity development, and what we learnt from our challenges and successes. From the start, the programme incorporated a capacity development strategy resting on self-assessment of a wide range of behavioural and technical competencies that were deemed important for programme implementation, formal training activities, and periodic review of progress through an after-action review (AAR) process. An inventory of capacity development activities that took place during the first year of implementation reveals a wide range of additional, unplanned activities, enabled by the programme’s flexibility and adaptive management strategy. These are organised into eight modalities, according to the individual or collective nature of the activity, and its sequencing – namely, whether capacity development happens prior to, during, or after (from) implementation. We conclude with some reflections on the emergent nature of capacity development. Planning capacity development in an adaptive programme provides a scaffolding in terms of time, resources, and legitimacy that sustains adaptiveness. We also recognise the gaps that remain to be addressed, particularly on scaling up individual learning to collective capabilities, and widening the focus from implementation teams to individuals working at consortium level.
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Widmer, Mireille, Marina Apgar, Jiniya Afroze, Sudhir Malla, Jill Healey, and Sendrine Constant. Capacity Development in a Participatory Adaptive Programme: the Case of the Clarissa Consortium. Institute of Development Studies, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/clarissa.2022.001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Doing development differently rests on deliberate efforts to reflect and learn, not just about what programmes are doing and achieving, but about how they are working. This is particularly important for an action research programme like Child Labour: Action- Research-Innovation in South and South-Eastern Asia (CLARISSA), which is implemented by a consortium of organisations from across the research and development spectrum, during a rapidly changing global pandemic. Harnessing the potential of diverse skills and complementary strengths across partners in responding to the complex challenge of the worst forms of child labour, requires capacity to work together in novel ways. This Research and Evidence Paper documents how CLARISSA approached capacity development, and what we learnt from our challenges and successes. From the start, the programme incorporated a capacity development strategy resting on self-assessment of a wide range of behavioural and technical competencies that were deemed important for programme implementation, formal training activities, and periodic review of progress through an after-action review (AAR) process. An inventory of capacity development activities that took place during the first year of implementation reveals a wide range of additional, unplanned activities, enabled by the programme’s flexibility and adaptive management strategy. These are organised into eight modalities, according to the individual or collective nature of the activity, and its sequencing – namely, whether capacity development happens prior to, during, or after (from) implementation. We conclude with some reflections on the emergent nature of capacity development. Planning capacity development in an adaptive programme provides a scaffolding in terms of time, resources, and legitimacy that sustains adaptiveness. We also recognise the gaps that remain to be addressed, particularly on scaling up individual learning to collective capabilities, and widening the focus from implementation teams to individuals working at consortium level.
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Kelly, Luke. Threats to Civilian Aviation Since 1975. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.019.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This literature review finds that the main malicious threats to civilian aviation since 1975 are attacks by terrorist groups, deliberate or accidental damage arising from conflicts, and incidents caused by people who work for airlines or airports. While the sector has responded to hijackings and bombings with increasing security since the 1970s, actors seeking to attack aircraft have modified their tactics, and new threats such as liquid explosives and cyber attacks have emerged. Civilian aviation has seen relatively fewer accidents and deaths over the years, but threats remain. The review focuses on malicious threats to civilian aviation. It, therefore, excludes weather events or accidents. The first section lists major malicious threats to civilian aviation since 1975. It includes both actual and planned events (e.g. hijackings that were prevented) that are recorded in open-source documents. Each threat is listed alongside information on its cause (e.g. terrorism, state actions, crime), the context in which it occurred (broader factors shaping the risk including geography, regime type, technology), and its impact (on passengers, policy, security, economic). The second section discusses some of the trends in threats to aviation. Motives for malicious threats include terrorism, crime, asylum-seeking, and insider attacks by aggrieved or mentally ill airline staff. Hijacking has been the most common form of threat, although bombing or suicide attacks have killed more people. Threats may also take the form of accidental attacks on civilian planes misidentified as threats in conflict zones. Experts suggest that growing threats are cyberattacks and the use of unmanned aerial vehicles, although neither has yet caused a major incident.