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Статті в журналах з теми "Degree seekers"
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Si, Guoliang, Hengyi Lv, Hangfei Yuan, Dan Xie, and Ce Peng. "An Efficient Interpretable Visualization Method of Multidimensional Structural Data Matching Based on Job Seekers and Positions." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2021 (December 24, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/2215280.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
With the rapid development of Internet technology, millions of small, medium, and microenterprises are using Internet recruitment platforms to host their recruitment information. They have different job requirements and benefits positions. It is important to understand them for job seekers when choosing a position. Existing Internet recruitment platforms do not provide a detailed analysis of positions and visual methods for multidimensional matching of positions and job applicants. Candidates need to spend a lot of energy to screen out suitable positions. In this paper, we propose an efficient interpretable visualization method of multidimensional structural data matching based on job seekers and positions. First, we extract the keywords of the job seeker’s ability and benefits based on personal information, and we generate a job seeker ability table and a job seeker demand table. After that, we calculate the degree of the support, confidence, and promotion of each rule through the association rules generated by each frequent itemset of recruitment data to obtain the association rule table. We further explore the relationship between the skills required for the three types of positions based on the association rule. Finally, we use the regression method to build a salary forecasting model. On this basis, we predict the salary of job seekers based on the work experience, education, and work city provided by the job seeker. Simulation results show that our method has better performance on the job analysis and recommendation.
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Russo, Maria Cristina, Elena Azzalini, Chiara Rossetti, Francesca Maghin, Anna Antonietti, and Andrea Verzeletti. "Asylum seekers: Forensic remarks regarding 185 cases." Medicine, Science and the Law 60, no. 1 (October 30, 2019): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0025802419850265.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The medical examination of asylum seekers plays a significant role in helping them to obtain any form of international protection (refugee status or subsidiary or humanitarian protection). The Brescia Institute of Forensic Medicine has been increasingly involved in the medical examination of alleged victims of torture. Based on the Istanbul Protocol, the purpose of this study was to correlate the degree of consistency between the information provided by asylum seekers and the results of clinical examinations. A total of 185 asylum seekers were examined between September 2008 and September 2017. Almost all of the victims were male (94.0%) and aged between 11 and 30 years old (89.2%). Most victims were from Nigeria (23.2%), Gambia (16.2%) and Mali (10.8%), and the majority of the aggressions happened in Nigeria (18.9%), Gambia (14.5%) and Libya (12.9%). More than half of the instances of torture were related to political motives (57.3%); in 22% of cases, the victims referred to more than one act of aggression at different times. Blunt instruments were the most frequent means of injury (33.8%), followed by sharp instruments (23.3%). The most commonly involved anatomical regions were the lower and the upper limbs (23.6% and 20.5%, respectively). In terms of the degree of consistency between the lesion and the alleged torture, 50.4% of lesions were consistent with the information provided by the asylum seekers.
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Chala, Sisay Adugna, Fazel Ansari, Madjid Fathi, and Kea Tijdens. "Semantic matching of job seeker to vacancy: a bidirectional approach." International Journal of Manpower 39, no. 8 (November 5, 2018): 1047–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijm-10-2018-0331.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose a framework of an automatic bidirectional matching system that measures the degree of semantic similarity of job-seeker qualifications and skills, against the vacancy provided by employers or job-agents. Design/methodology/approach The paper presents a framework of bidirectional jobseeker-to-vacancy matching system. Using occupational data from various sources such as the WageIndicator web survey, International Standard Classification of Occupations, European Skills, Competences, Qualifications, and Occupations as well as vacancy data from various open access internet sources and job seekers information from social networking sites, the authors apply machine learning techniques for bidirectional matching of job vacancies and occupational standards to enhance the contents of job vacancies and job seekers profiles. The authors also apply bidirectional matching of job seeker profiles and vacancies, i.e., semantic matching vacancies to job seekers and vice versa in the individual level. Moreover, data from occupational standards and social networks were utilized to enhance the relevance (i.e. degree of similarity) of job vacancies and job seekers, respectively. Findings The paper provides empirical insights of increase in job vacancy advertisements on the selected jobs – Internet of Things – with respect to other job vacancies, and identifies the evolution of job profiles and its effect on job vacancies announcements in the era of Industry 4.0. In addition, the paper shows the gap between job seeker interests and available jobs in the selected job area. Research limitations/implications Due to limited data about jobseekers, the research results may not guarantee high quality of recommendation and maturity of matching results. Therefore, further research is required to test if the proposed system works for other domains as well as more diverse data sets. Originality/value The paper demonstrates how online jobseeker-to-vacancy matching can be improved by use of semantic technology and the integration of occupational standards, web survey data, and social networking data into user profile collection and matching.
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Ganesan, Muruganantham, and Esther Princess George. "A study on the effectiveness of aesthetically appealing print recruitment advertisement." Management Research Review 42, no. 4 (April 15, 2019): 506–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mrr-01-2018-0023.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess the nature of intervention of job seeker’s perception of organizational attraction and attitude toward ad and organization in the application intention produced by aesthetics of print job ads. Design/methodology/approach An aesthetically appealing faculty-opening job advertisement was used as stimuli and around 250 responses to an administered questionnaire were collected from among job seekers in the academic domain. Partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to test the hypothesis. Findings According to the results of the study, aesthetic features of print recruitment ad, even though insignificant in directly inducing job seeker intention to apply, significantly enhanced their organizational attraction and attitudes, and thereby, their application intention. Therefore, job seeker’s perception of organizational attractiveness and attitude were found to full mediate this relationship, regardless of the job seekers’ degree of familiarity with the organization. Practical implications This study encourages recruiters in the academic job sectors to design and administer aesthetically appealing job advertisements to maximize the high talent pool of applicants from which to choose. Originality/value This study is the first of its kind in the Indian context in terms of print recruitment advertising. This study is also original in reporting organizational attraction and attitude towards ad and organization as mediators of application intention produced by ad aesthetics.
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Schwenkenberg, Julia M. "Income Distribution and the Occupational Choices of Entrepreneurs." B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy 14, no. 1 (November 19, 2013): 55–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bejeap-2012-0076.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract This article presents a model that analyzes the effects of redistribution on the occupational choices of entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurs can either engage in costly search for projects and produce or become rent-seekers who collect rents for reversing redistribution. The model illustrates that redistribution of aggregate output is possible until a tipping point is reached. Higher levels of redistribution decrease entrepreneurship, employment, and aggregate income. Which level of redistribution is too much depends on the degree of inequality inherent in the firm quality distribution and on the power of rent-seekers to alter redistributive outcomes. An exogenous increase in the ratio of average realized output to output produced at the lowest-productivity firm reduces the gains from entrepreneurship relative to rent-seeking. This happens because entrepreneurs expend search costs to find those high-quality projects that drive up the average production value, but only a few entrepreneurs can realize these big hits. Wages and rent-seeker pay-offs, on the other hand, depend on average realized production. An increase in the power of rent-seekers further reduces the government’s options. The model implies that the government’s ability to redistribute might be declining when inequality rises.
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Baek, HanUlAn, and JaeYoon Chang. "A study on the characteristics of college graduate job seekers who strongly believe unfounded tips on the successful job interview." Korean Journal of Industrial and Organizational Psychology 27, no. 3 (August 31, 2014): 519–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.24230/kjiop.v27i3.519-542.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Based on the perspective of Spence(1973)'s signaling theory, this study aimed to find out the unfounded tips on the successful job interview which were pervasive among college graduate job seekers, and to investigate the job seekers' characteristics which make them to strongly believe the unfounded tips. Using data from 120 college graduate job seekers and 77 managers who had experience of selection interview, this study could draw a lot of unfounded job interview tips which showed substantial difference of the perceived effectiveness of interview tips between job seekers and managers. After finding out the unfounded interview tips, this study also investigated the characteristics of job seekers who strongly believe them. The results showed that the degree of believing the unfounded job interview tips was positively related to the strength of formal job search behavior and the job seeking related stress, and negatively to having clear career planning.
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Melnikova, Julija, Virginija Jurgaityte, Jeļena Zaščerinska, Ludmila Aleksejeva, Art Leete, Helleka Koppel, Ingmarie Rohdin, and Asa Hedlin Olsson. "Immigrants and Asylum Seekers’ Digital Entrepreneurship Competence: Evaluation of the Theoretical Framework." Balkan Region Conference on Engineering and Business Education 1, no. 1 (October 1, 2019): 390–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cplbu-2020-0047.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractThe article reveals the concept of digital entrepreneurship and its framework for education of immigrants and asylum seekers in Baltic Sea countries. The research has been carried out in the boundaries of the Nordplus Adult project with participation of partner organisations from Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Sweden. As stated in the article, digital entrepreneurship is supposed to be one of the opportunities in promoting successful integration of immigrants and asylum seekers into labour market. Therefore, by supporting the development of entrepreneurship as an integral part of adult education, and modelling new methods of combining new digital technologies and entrepreneurship education it is intended to help both immigrants and asylum seekers to acquire relevant competence for successful integration into labour markets. The article’s purpose is to disclose the relevance of digital entrepreneurship as a new competence of immigrants and asylum seekers with respect to their needs for successful integration into the socio-economic situation of a host country. The method of data collection was interview with experts. The experts found the efficiency of the framework important to some degree. In the experts’ opinion, educational goals based on the framework are achievable. However, diversity of the target group could be a risky factor.
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Martin, Maryanne, and Catherine Crane. "COGNITION AND THE BODY: SOMATIC ATTRIBUTIONS IN IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 31, no. 1 (January 2003): 13–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352465803001036.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
How do somatic causal attributions for symptoms relate to treatment seeking behaviour in Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)? How might a tendency to make somatic attributions influence an individual's cognitive representation of their illness once a diagnosis of IBS is established? In Study 1 attributions about symptoms were investigated in treatment-seekers and non treatment-seekers with IBS. Treatment-seekers had an increased tendency to make somatic attributions for both gastrointestinal symptoms and physiological symptoms characteristic of anxiety and depression, although they did not differ from non treatment-seekers in the severity of these symptoms or in their reports of psychological distress. Treatment-seekers also perceived themselves to be significantly less resistant to illness and to be significantly more likely to have poor health in the future than non treatment-seekers. In Study 2, 20 treatment seekers with chronic symptoms of IBS completed measures of mood and of the degree to which they viewed a range of symptoms as a part of their IBS. Physiological symptoms of anxiety and depression were seen as a part of IBS by a considerable proportion of the sample. Higher levels of depression were associated with an increased tendency to see physiological symptoms of anxiety and depression and even symptoms of colds as “a part of” IBS. It is concluded that a somatic attributional style may contribute both to initial treatment seeking for symptoms of IBS and the subsequent maintenance and exacerbation of the disorder once a diagnosis is established.
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De Angelis, Maria. "Female Asylum Seekers: A Critical Attitude on UK Immigration Removal Centres." Social Policy and Society 19, no. 2 (June 11, 2019): 207–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746419000216.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The context to this article is sovereign biopower as experienced by female asylum seekers in the confined spaces of UK Immigration Removal Centres (IRCs). With approximately 27,000 migrants entering immigration detention in 2017, the UK’s immigration detention estate is one of the largest in Western Europe. Through an empirical study with former detainees, this article outlines how women experience Agamben’s politically bare life through IRC practices that confine, dehumanise, and compound their asylum vulnerabilities. It also explains how micro-transgressions around detention food, social relations, and faith practices reflect a Foucauldian critical attitude and restore a degree of political agency to asylum applicants. Centrally this article argues that everyday acts of resistance – confirming their identities as human / gendered / cultural beings with social belonging – can be read as political agency in women’s questioning of their asylum administration. As such, this article offers a rare insight on biopower and political agency as lived and performed by women inside the in/exclusive spaces of the IRC.
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Ezrokh, Y. "Requirements to doctor’s theses and innovations of regulation on awarding academic degrees (the case of economics)." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 1 (January 20, 2014): 144–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2014-1-144-157.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The paper analyzes the characteristics of quantitative standards of the new Regulation on awarding academic degrees using the statistical publication activity of seekers of the degree of doctor in economics in the first half of 2013 in the context of each scientific field. The author conducts stress tests of works of doctoral students to meet requirements of the new Regulation on the basis of detailed analysis of the data. The paper is aimed for discussion, especially from the point of view of increasing requirements to work applicants and their justification.
Дисертації з теми "Degree seekers"
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Gerstman, Regina Lee. "Multiple career identities : the key to career development and career transitions of second advanced degree seekers /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Pearish, Billy Joe. "Life issues leading to success in community college degree seekers." 2006. http://digital.library.okstate.edu/etd/umi-okstate-2098.pdf.
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Костирко, Т. М., Т. Д. Корольова, T. M. Kostyrko та T. D. Korolova. "Моніторинг публікаційної активності здобувачів наукових ступенів доктора, кандидата наук, Phd в НУК ім. адм. Макарова". Thesis, 2021. http://eir.nuos.edu.ua/xmlui/handle/123456789/4783.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Костирко, Т. М. Моніторинг публікаційної активності здобувачів наукових ступенів доктора, кандидата наук, Phd в НУК ім. адм. Макарова = Monitoring of the publication activity of applicants for the scientific degree of doctor, candidates of sciences, Phd Admiral Makarov National University of Shipbuilding / Т. М. Костирко, Т. Д. Корольова // Матеріали ХІI міжнар. наук.-техн. конф. "Інновації в суднобудуванні та океанотехніці". – Миколаїв : НУК, 2021. – С. 542–546.Анотація. У доповіді представлені результати моніторингу публікаційної активності здобувачів наукових ступенів доктора, кандидата наук, PhD в НУК ім. адм. Макарова на основі даних наукометричних БД Scopus і Web of Science, спрямованого на оцінювання результатів їхньої наукової діяльності. Отримані результати можна використовувати для подальшого підвищення публікаційної активності як здобувачів наукових ступенів, так і університету в цілому.
Abstract. The report presents the results of monitoring the publication activity of applicants for the degrees of Doctor, Candidate of Science, PhD in Admiral Makarov National University of Shipbuilding on the basis of data from scientometric databases Scopus and Web of Science. The obtained results can be used to further increase the publishing activity of both degree seekers and the university as a whole.
Книги з теми "Degree seekers"
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Lokshyna, Olena, ed. Scientific works of Department of Comparative Education of the Institute of Pedagogy of the National Academy of Educational sciences of Ukraine (2018–2020) : scientific auxiliary bibliographic index. Institute of Pedagogy of NAES of Ukraine, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32405/978-617-692-662-7-2021-56.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Scientific Auxiliary Bibliographic Index presents systematized bibliographic descriptions of scientific works of the researchers of the Department of Comparative Education of the Institute of Pedagogy of the National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine, created within the Scientific Research Work "Trends in school education in the EU, USA and China" (2018-2020). The Index is addressed to pedagogical, scientific and pedagogical workers, teachers, faculty, students, degree seekers, and all those who are interested in comparative education.
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Babar, Zahra, ed. Mobility and Forced Displacement in the Middle East. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197531365.001.0001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Middle East is currently facing one of its most critical migration challenges, as the region has become the simultaneous producer of and host to the world’s largest population of displaced people. As a result of ongoing conflicts, particularly in Syria, Libya, Iraq, and Yemen, there have been sharp increases in the numbers of the internally displaced, forced migrants, refugees, and asylum-seekers. Despite the burgeoning degree of policy interest and heated public discourse on the impact of these refugees on European states, most of these dislocated populations are living within the borders of the Middle East.This volume is the outcome of a grants-based project to support in-depth, empirically based examinations of mobility and displacement within the Middle East and to gain a fuller understanding of the forms, causes, dimensions, patterns, and effects of migration, both voluntary and forced. As the following chapters in this volume will demonstrate, through this series of case studies we are seeking to broaden our understanding of the population movements that are seen in the Middle East and hope to emphasize that regional migration is a complex, widespread, and persistent phenomenon in the region, best studied from a multidisciplinary perspective. This volume explores the conditions, causes, and consequences of ongoing population displacements in the Middle East. In doing so, it also serves as a lens to better understand some of the profound social, economic, and political dynamics at work across the region.
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Shoenfelt, Elizabeth L. Mastering the Job Market. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190071172.001.0001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Mastering the Job Market: Career Issues for Master’s Level Industrial-Organizational Psychologists is the definitive source for practical advice and data-based recommendations addressing key issues leading to successful careers as industrial-organizational (I-O) master’s practitioners. Both the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and the American Psychological Association have reported a bright outlook for I-O master’s graduates. The increased interest in and growth of I-O master’s programs and graduates are attributed to higher visibility in the workplace, readily obtained jobs, interesting work, and great pay. A large nationwide survey of I-O master’s practitioners and their employers lays the foundation for the data-based recommendations throughout the book. Authors from top-ranked I-O master’s programs address topics such as the job search, applying for jobs, on-boarding, organizational roles, salaries, career transitions, and maintaining professionalism throughout one’s career. Critical insights into the nuts and bolts of conducting a job search and other specific strategies are provided to enable job seekers to land one or multiple job offers within six months of graduation. Competencies identified as essential for success as an I-O practitioner include core I-O knowledge and skills, as well as enabling competencies such as oral communication, business acumen, consulting skills, project management, ethics, and technical writing. Mentoring is discussed, and three best practices are recommended for maximizing mentoring relationships. Recommendations are made for professional development opportunities for I-O master’s graduates to increase their knowledge and skills and to advance their careers. Graduates overwhelmingly perceive their I-O master’s degree to be valuable for their career success.
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Gomez Arana, Arantza. Introduction: the study of European Union relations with Mercosur. Manchester University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9780719096945.003.0001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This monograph seeks to examine the motivations behind the European Union’s (EU) policy towards the Common Market of the South (Mercosur), the EU’s most important relationship with another regional economic integration organisation. In order to investigate the motivations (or lack there of), this monograph will examine the contribution of the main policy and decision-makers, the European Commission and the Council of Ministers, as well as the different contributions within both institutions. By doing so, it will be possible to show the degree of “involvement”/”engagement” reflected in the EU’s policy towards Mercosur, which is the dependent variable in this study. The analysis offered here examines the development of EU policy towards Mercosur in relation to three key stages: The non-institutionalized relations (1986-1990), official relations (1991-1995), and the negotiations of an association agreement (1996-2007 and 2010-present). This degree of engagement will be measured using a scale of low, medium and high degree. The outcome of the measure is created by analysing two factors, the level of “ambition” and “commitment”.
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Marshall, Robert L. Father and Sons. University of Illinois Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252041488.003.0001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This chapter explores the nature of the filial and sibling relationships that prevailed between and among J. S. Bach and his five musical sons: Wilhelm Friedemann, Carl Philipp Emanuel, Johann Gottfried Bernhard, Johann Christoph Friedrich, and Johann Christian. By examining the often unflattering explicit (and implicit) testimony contained in the surviving epistolary and musical sources, the author seeks to understand how these uniquely privileged, and uniquely challenged, musicians came to terms with their paternal legacy and to determine how, and with what degree of success, they sought to emerge from their father’s artistic shadow.
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Burns, Nancy, Kay Lehman Schlozman, Ashley Jardina, Shauna Shames, and Sidney Verba. What’s Happened to the Gender Gap in Political Participation? Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190265144.003.0004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
At some point in the middle of the first decade of the twenty-first century, a stubbornly persistent gender gap in US political activity more or less vanished, fulfilling one part of the aspiration of women’s suffrage. This chapter asks why, seeking answers both in changes that have nothing to do with politics and in politics itself. As is typical when considering political participation, our account involves the interaction of several processes rather than a single cause. The most important transformation has been the increase in women’s education: women are now more likely than men to earn college and graduate degrees. In addition, a striking increase has taken place in the presence of women as high-profile and successful office seekers, especially since 1992. During a critical period in the 1990s, an influx of female candidates and elected officials appears to have kept the gender gap in participation from being even wider.
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Gombrich, Carl, and Michael Hogan. Interdisciplinarity and the Student Voice. Edited by Robert Frodeman. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198733522.013.44.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
“Interdisciplinarity and the Student Voice” seeks a richer understanding of the student experience in encountering interdisciplinarity at the undergraduate level and explores the psychology of interdisciplinary education. The student experience of the interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences BASc degree at University College London is examined, using 13 extended semistructured interviews. Students are asked questions that encourage them to reflect on the interdisciplinary nature of their program and their relationship to interdisciplinary learning. Themes of openness, creativity, bridging, and perspective-taking emerge. In this chapter, connections are made between these themes and the theory and practice of interdisciplinary education as well as the recent study of metacognition. The student voice is seen to substantiate current ideas of the value of interdisciplinary education from a number of perspectives and to suggest further research.
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Davies, Michael. Bunyan and Religious Allegory. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199580033.003.0019.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This chapter re-examines John Bunyan's religious allegories, and in particular The Pilgrim's Progress (1678), as works that complicate what might be thought of as novelistic habits of reading and writing. It seeks to approach them not simply as precursors to the novel but as radically different kinds of fiction. One might wish to treat Bunyan's allegories as ‘entertainment machines’ similar to other kinds of early modern literature, such as chivalric romance or the rogue biography, but they resist and arguably seek to reform ‘the fiction reading impulse’. To this degree, Bunyan's major allegorical works are sometimes like novels and at the same time nothing like them. Should Bunyan still hold a place in the history of the novel, it could be despite rather than because of the narrative methods he adopts.
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Bruce, Steve. Conversion. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198786580.003.0007.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Although religious conversion is rare (most people are born and socialized into their faiths), it provides an important challenge for social science. This chapter considers the relative merits of explanations (such as brainwashing) that see conversion as something done to the convert and more activist paradigms that see conversion as an accomplishment of the religious seeker. It also considers the extent to which we can take what people say when accounting for their actions as the raw material for our explanations. It argues against the view that talk is only ever another narrative. Although an account of one’s past (given in court, for example) may well be shaped by a desire to influence hearers, it can still be used as material for inferring motives. In everyday life we untangle layers of motives and distinguish between different degrees of self-understanding and honesty. We can do the same in social science.
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Dougherty, Trent. Evidence and Theology. Edited by William J. Abraham and Frederick D. Aquino. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199662241.013.6.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This chapter discusses the role of evidence in the discipline of theology. Theology is a truth-seeking endeavour in which those who pursue it move from the evidence they are given to conclusions about God (with varying degrees of confidence). First it discusses the nature of evidence and theology in general and answering several objections. Then it examines the nature of how evidence functions within theology. Such evidence especially includes relevant experiences and revealed truths from which the theologian seeks to tell a story that resonates well with the evidence, incorporating it into a larger, compelling story.
Частини книг з теми "Degree seekers"
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Gross, Jacob P., and Ellen Bara Stolzenberg. "College Readiness and Enrollment Among Baccalaureate Degree Seekers." In Former Foster Youth in Postsecondary Education, 89–105. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99459-8_5.
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Ngum, Faith, and Johan Bastiaensen. "Intersectional Perspective of Strengthening Climate Change Adaptation of Agrarian Women in Cameroon." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 2169–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_213.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractIt is a widely accepted notion that climate change affects men and women within agrarian populations differently; consequently, their adaptation strategies are gendered. Besides climate change, women’s vulnerability and their corresponding adaptation strategies are embedded within a complex web of social identities/status, agroecological location, gender norm/roles and power struggles within the plurality of normative orders governing land (property rights). This chapter focuses on Cameroon and seeks to analyze how the interactions between various normative orders governing access to land, co-dependent upon the multiple gendered identities (intersectionality), impact climate change adaptation strategies of female farmers. The results show that the degree of vulnerability and adaptation strategies of women are context specific and gendered across the five distinct agroecological zones of Cameroon. Furthermore, secured access to and ownership over land is crucial in determining the adaptation choices and options available to female farmers. A complex mix of state and non-state norms govern property rights in Cameroon, within which women have to constantly negotiate their land claims. These negotiations are influenced by marital status, ethnicity, educational level, and community/social relations, such that the outcome translates differently for women within the Muslim, Anglophone, and Francophone communities. The chapter concludes with context-specific recommendations to strengthen the adaptive capacity of agrarian women across Cameroon.
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Ouellette, Nadine, France Meslé, Jacques Vallin, and Jean-Marie Robine. "Supercentenarians and Semi-supercentenarians in France." In Demographic Research Monographs, 105–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49970-9_9.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractThe purpose of this study is twofold. Firstly, it attempts to exhaustively identify cases of French supercentenarians and semi-supercentenarians and to validate their alleged age at death. Secondly, it seeks to uncover careful patterns and trends in probabilities of death and life expectancy at very old ages in France. We use three sets of data with varying degrees of accuracy and coverage: nominative transcripts from the RNIPP (Répertoire national d’identification des personnes physiques), death records from the vital statistics system, and “public” lists of individual supercentenarians. The RNIPP stands out as the most reliable source. Based on all deaths registered in the RNIPP at the alleged ages of 110+ for extinct cohorts born between 1883 and 1901, errors are only few, at least for individuals who were born and died in France. For alleged semi-supercentenarians, age validation on a very large sample shows that errors are extremely rare, suggesting the RNIPP data can be used without any verification until age 108 at the minimum. Moreover, a comparison with “public” lists of individual supercentenarians reveals a single missing occurrence only in the RNIPP transcripts since 1991. While the quality of vital statistics data remains quite deficient at very old ages compared to RNIPP, the analytical results show a significant improvement over time at younger old ages. Our RNIPP-based probabilities of death for females appear to level-off at 0.5 between ages 108 and 111, but data becomes too scarce afterwards to assess the trend. Also, we obtain a quite low life expectancy value of 1.2 years at age 108.
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Davy, Daniel. "‘To Return Home with… Satisfaction and Pleasure’: Home and Family Networks." In Gold Rush Societies and Migrant Networks in the Tasman World, 23–63. Edinburgh University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474477345.003.0002.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Chapter One discusses the British and Irish origins of gold seekers, their paths to Australasia and gold seekers’ personal connections to communities and families in Britain and Ireland. The Chapter argues that the Otago goldfields population was heavily influenced by migration streams to the Australian colonies which later converged on the Victorian goldfields, stressing the role of kinship and community networks in facilitating and directing migration. The Chapter further shows how these kinship bonds were transplanted in Otago, as well as the degree to which individuals retained connections to loved ones in Britain or Ireland through the exchange of correspondence. By analysing migrant correspondence, the Chapter frames gold seeker identities within communities at home and the degree to which these relationships were maintained after overseas migration.
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Alaoui Faris, Mustapha El. "Advocacy for neurology in migrants." In Advocacy in Neurology, edited by Wolfgang Grisold, 123–34. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198796039.003.0012.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Over the years, a large number of migrants have settled in Europe from Africa and the Middle East. This population is prone to several health problems and is more vulnerable to communicable diseases, maternal and child health problems, mental disorders, and cardiovascular diseases. The burden of neurological diseases is thus increased among migrants; in fact, epilepsy, stroke, neurogenetic diseases, or cognitive disorders in older migrants have high prevalence. However, the weight of each disease is different depending on demography, epidemiology, genetics, or degree of poverty in the migrants’ country of origin. A comprehensive health policy must consider the special health needs of women, children, recent and second-generation migrants, but also enable undocumented migrants and asylum seekers. The rights of migrants to healthcare access to must be legally guaranteed in all host countries.
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Downey, Rod, and Noam Greenberg. "Introduction." In A Hierarchy of Turing Degrees, 1–22. Princeton University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691199665.003.0001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This introductory chapter provides an overview of computability theory. The roots of computability theory go back to the work of Borel, Dedekind, Hermann, Dehn, and others in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. From a modern point of view, these authors were highly interested in algorithmic procedures in algebra. What does it take to perform a certain construction? In computability theory, this question is the basis of a long-term programme which seeks to understand the relationship between dynamic properties of sets and their algorithmic complexity. The main thesis of this book is that where the computably enumerable (c.e.) Turing degrees are concerned, a degree can compute complicated objects if and only if some functions in the degree are difficult to approximate. Computability-theoretic tools allow one to quantify precisely what is meant by “difficult to approximate,”
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McMillan, John. "‘Good’ Bioethics." In The Methods of Bioethics, 28–44. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199603756.003.0003.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
‘Good bioethics’ draws upon a range of approaches and does not privilege one theoretical or disciplinary perspective. It also aims at being ‘practical normative’ in the sense that it helps us find a way forward with moral issues. That requires a degree of empirical engagement and implies that good bioethics draws upon a range of disciplines and cannot be done from an armchair. Good bioethics is always typified by sound moral reason. That means it is Socratic in the sense that it seeks to test via argument the strength of moral claims, with the aim of finding well-justified moral conclusions. Moral reason admits of degrees; it is possible for someone to reason well or poorly, and the extent to which an instance of bioethics does either, contributes value or disvalue to it as bioethics.
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Ros, Maxime, Lorraine Weaver, and Lorenz S. Neuwirth. "Virtual Reality Stereoscopic 180-Degree Video-Based Immersive Environments." In Cases on Instructional Design and Performance Outcomes in Medical Education, 92–119. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-5092-2.ch005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The theoretical and practical applications of immersive VR, although relatively new, have accomplished much in the area of pedagogical learner applications. This chapter describes the conceptual framework and Revinax® 180-degree stereoscopic video-based approach in addressing the academic achievement gap through conventional surgical students and nurses shadowing and how immersive VR environments may best address leveraging the learner's capability of increasing their skill acquisition, learning, and knowledge retention in a more efficient time-period, circumventing the inherent issues with conventional shadowing. Further, these VR experiences through first-person Point of View (POV), although simulated and artificial, evoke mirror neurons, and can recruit neurocircuitry that are imperative for skill acquisition and later skill application. As such, the Revinax® instructional design model may provide a unique insight in how to use immersive VR environments to teach any learner that seeks to acquire surgical/medical professional training more efficiently and practically in a modern world of technology.
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Zeeman, Nicolette. "Piers Plowman and the Grail Romances." In The Arts of Disruption, 323–45. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198860242.003.0011.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The previous chapter showed how the large narrative structures of both the Gospel of Nicodemus and the French grail romances, the Queste del Saint Graal and the Perlesvaus, permeate the poetic diegesis and thought of Piers Plowman, albeit reformulated in Langland’s distinctive terms. This chapter homes in on three particular structures that Langland shares in varying degrees with the grail romances: first, travellers in a landscape, whose discovery of imperfect forms of understanding is imagined as ‘news’ transmitted across the landscape; second, multiple quests, seekers and absent objects of desire—some of them seekers who are sought by other seekers; third, narratives that are predicated on a crucial and usually involuntary mistake, often committed unknowingly by a main protagonist. These intertwined narrative structures focus with a distinctive emotional intensity on instances of inadequacy and loss, all of which contribute to the inculcation of desire—both for the protagonists, and for the reader. The chapter tracks these structures in the later parts of Piers Plowman (B.16–20) and then across the poem as a whole. It also explores possible connections between the protagonists Perlesvaus and Piers Plowman, noting the syllable ‘Per’ shared in their names. The last part of the chapter revisits two passages of Piers Plowman to focus on how romance structure is here both intertwined with, and at odds with, ethical instruction.
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Fauchald, Ole Kristian. "Peacebuilding Functions of International Environmental Governance1." In Our Earth Matters. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/stal210023.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This article seeks to focus on ‘peacebuilding’ as a construct of peace among groups that have previously been in conflict. This calls for moving beyond peacemaking and conflict resolution to consider the longer-term efforts at establishing sustainable peace. Notwithstanding the longstanding efforts of UNEP’s Post-Conflict and Disaster Management Branch, there has been very limited development of international normative and institutional structures targeting the process of post-conflict sustainable peacebuilding. The article considers how far the current international environmental governance (IEG) regimes are responsive to the specific challenges to post-conflict situations. It seeks to briefly consider four key characteristics of IEG regimes: (i) Ad-hoc and subject specific; (ii) Incremental and facilitative; (iii) Degree of reciprocity; and (iv) Science-based.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Degree seekers"
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Kailey, Walter F. "Integrated six-degree-of-freedom missile/target/seeker model." In SPIE's International Symposium on Optical Engineering and Photonics in Aerospace Sensing, edited by Michael K. Masten, Larry A. Stockum, Morris M. Birnbaum, and George E. Sevaston. SPIE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.178946.
Повний текст джерела
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Lee, Ho-Pyeong, and Hong-Yeon Hwang. "Two-degree-of-freedom robust control of a seeker scan loop system." In Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1996-3911.
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Klein, Claude A. "How infrared missile windows degrade the noise-equivalent irradiance of infrared seeker systems." In SPIE's 1994 International Symposium on Optics, Imaging, and Instrumentation, edited by Paul Klocek. SPIE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.187366.
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Funke, Lawrence, James P. Schmiedeler, and Kai Zhao. "Design of Planar Multi-Degree-of-Freedom Morphing Mechanisms." In ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-35265.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper seeks to advance the design of planar shape-changing mechanisms used in a variety of applications, such as morphing extrusion dies and airfoils. The presence of defects is a limiting factor in finding suitable single-degree-of-freedom (DOF) mechanisms, particularly when the number of shapes to achieve is large and/or the changes among those shapes are significant. This paper presents a new method of designing multi-DOF mechanisms to aid in avoiding these defects. The primary method uses a building-block approach similar to the current one-DOF synthesis procedure and is compared to alternative strategies that seek to leverage the use of multiple single-DOF subchains. While more complex in terms of determining the actuation pattern, the primary method offers a larger design space in which to find solutions. In all cases a genetic algorithm is employed to search the design space. Two example problems involving four prescribed shapes demonstrate the benefits of using multi-DOF mechanisms in terms of shape matching and mechanical advantage.
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Aponte Núñez, Daniel, Eduardo Quevedo Gutiérrez, Pedro Hernández Castellano, Alberto Zapatera Llinares, Hímar Fabelo Gómez, Samuel Ortega Sarmiento, and Gustavo Marrero Callicó. "Integración del diseño e implementación de la electrónica de una plataforma robótica educativa multidisciplinar como soporte al aprendizaje." In IN-RED 2020: VI Congreso de Innovación Educativa y Docencia en Red. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/inred2020.2020.11939.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The implementation of robotics in schools is inevitable in the years to come. Currently, this integration is not feasible for all schools (especially public ones) due to the high economic cost, which in most cases offer a closed system (both hardware and software) which limits the robot to a single educational level. The educational innovation project "ROBOT-EDULPGC, Design, implementation and implementation of a low-cost modular educational robotics platform" of the University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, seeks to offer an educational platform designed for use at all educational levels (multidisciplinary), with free hardware and software, and low cost, thus eliminating the economic barrier. This work reflects the results of a statistical study carried out on students of different engineering degrees, in particular those of the Degree in Industrial and Automatic Electronic Engineering, all belonging to the School of Industrial and Civil Engineering at the University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. A specific survey has been carried out, designed specifically to evaluate the integration of robotics in their degree as a teaching tool and on project-based teaching as opposed to traditional teaching.
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Chu, Khoa D., S. G. M. Hossain, and Carl A. Nelson. "Design of a Four-DOF Modular Self-Reconfigurable Robot With Novel Gaits." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-47746.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Throughout the modern age, exploration of the unknown has been an attractive pursuit to seekers of knowledge. One of the primary frontiers for exploration today involves planetary and lunar environments. Exploration in these environments can involve many different types of tasks in a broad range of environmental conditions. Modular Self-Reconfigurable Robots (MSRs) would be beneficial for completing these tasks in unstructured environments, while having the ability to complete multiple assigned functions. Since payload is a critical concern, a lighter and more dexterous MSR is preferable. This research focuses on the design of a robot that has these qualities. A chain-type modular robot with four degrees of freedom per module has been designed with the goal of reducing weight and size while increasing range of motion. Forward kinematic transformations were derived to analyze the available workspace provided by the MSR. Radio communication and proximity sensing ability were provided in the individual MSR modules to locate each other. The modules are designed to maneuver independently using their individual navigation capability as well as connect to each other by means of a docking mechanism. Locomotion gaits for such multi-module robot chains are also described.
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Smith, Laura, and Jeff Jennings. "Ultrasonic Casting of Off-Eutectic Tin Bismuth Solder Alloy for Mechanical Property Testing." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-10051.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Knowledge of solder mechanical properties is essential when designing electronic assemblies for use in harsh environments like those that exist in automotive or aerospace applications. However, information on solder mechanical properties is limited because fabricating material samples in a form factor used for typical mechanical testing is difficult. Conventional casting processes are prone to void formation and dross inclusion which can degrade the quality of test results acquired and often produce high degrees of variability. The current work describes in detail a novel casting process which seeks to address these solder sample fabrication issues. The non-conventional process applies ultrasonic excitation to eliminate voiding by breaking up dross inclusions and other voids, so none can form within the melt upon solidification. Cast ingots are machined then undergo non-destructive screening to ensure material consistency within the regions critical to producing good test results prior to being subjected to destructive mechanical testing. This ultrasonic casting process is applied to the testing of an off-eutectic Tin-Bismuth solder alloy and its ambient tensile and compressive stress versus strain properties are evaluated. The improvement in result repeatability for the various tested properties due to the ultrasonic casting are assessed and sample size considerations discussed.
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Gómez Salgado, Bibiana Carolina. "Desarrollo de Objetos virtuales de aprendizaje durante la práctica medios y mediaciones como una estrategia pedagógica de educación ambiental en: biodiversidad y ecosistemas aves en la Licenciatura de Biología de la Universidad Santo Tomás en el 2021." In IN-RED 2021: VII Congreso de Innovación Educativa y Docencia en Red. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/inred2021.2021.13737.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The present research aims to develop pedagogical strategies through virtual learning objects that integrate the observation of birds in ecosystems within the pedagogical practice, media, and mediations in such a way that the teachers in the training of the degree in Biology in the venues from Bogotá, Chiquinquirá, and Sincelejo during 2021, incorporate into their teaching work technological elements that allow the teacher in training, to teach their academic spaces in schools using innovative tools that generate appropriation by students about the ornithological biodiversity that Colombia has, in addition to that it seeks to propose birds as a comprehensive strategy that links disciplinary and pedagogical knowledge that contributes to environmental education
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López-Gutiérrez, Aurora, and Elvira Barrios. "English-Medium Instruction in the Education Faculty of Málaga University: Students’ profiles." In HEAd'16 - International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head16.2016.2671.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper seeks to attain a better knowledge of the students that have joined the first partially-taught-in-English degree course in one of the six groups of the Bachelor’s Degree in Primary Education in the University of Málaga. The aim is to comprehend their different profiles so that professors can cater for their needs. To achieve this objective, as part of an innovation project led by a multidisciplinary team, different questionnaires were designed, the first of them to get information about their personal data and English training. It was taken by first year students, for two consecutive years (2014, 2015). The results of this questionnaire revealed that, as no specific requirements were asked, and only English level indications were given, we have to work with an heterogeneous group of people, which results in a multi-level proficiency, very demanding group, to deal with. However, comparing the results from one year to the next, we noticed that there has been an improvement in almost every parameter we were interested in assessing, and the participants of the developing innovation project are committed to evaluate their needs and provide the necessary support that teachers and students deserve.
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Goulão, Maria de Fátima, and Rebeca Cerezo Menéndez. "Promoting metacognitive reflection: a work proposal." In HEAd'16 - International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head16.2016.2669.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The metacognition as a self-regulatory strategy presents itself as an essential element in the whole process of learning. Lead students to reflect on their way of learning and their strategies, promotes in them this self-awareness and this ability of self-regulation that are very important to help them become "expert learners". It was with this aim that we structured a course prior to the start of students’ academic activities, entering for the first time in a degree at university. This work seeks to describe the aims, the structure, and the development of this same course entitled "learn how to learn", as well as with some thoughts on how it took place.
Звіти організацій з теми "Degree seekers"
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Niles, John, and J. M. Pogodzinski. TOD and Park-and-Ride: Which is Appropriate Where? Mineta Transportation Institute, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.1820.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Despite the sharp drop in transit ridership throughout the USA that began in March 2020, two different uses of land near transit stations continue to be implemented in the United States to promote ridership. Since 2010, transit agencies have given priority to multi-family residential construction referred to as transit oriented development (TOD), with an emphasis on housing affordability. In second place for urban planners but popular with suburban commuters is free or inexpensive parking near rail or bus transit centers, known as park-and-ride (PnR). Sometimes, TOD and PnR are combined in the same development. Public policy seeks to gain high community value from both of these land uses, and there is public interest in understanding the circumstances and locations where one of these two uses should be emphasized over the other. Multiple justifications for each are offered in the professional literature and reviewed in this report. Fundamental to the strategic decision making necessary to allocate public resources toward one use or the other is a determination of the degree to which each approach generates transit ridership. In the research reported here, econometric analysis of GIS data for transit stops, PnR locations, and residential density was employed to measure their influence on transit boardings for samples of transit stops at the main transit agencies in Seattle, Los Angeles, and San José. Results from all three cities indicate that adding 100 parking spaces close to a transit stop has a larger marginal impact than adding 100 housing units. Previous academic research estimating the higher ridership generation per floor area of PnR compared to multi-family TOD housing makes this show of strength for parking an expected finding. At the same time, this report reviews several common public policy justifications for TOD as a preferred land development emphasis near transit stations, such as revenue generation for the transit agency and providing a location for below-market affordable housing where occupants do not need to have a car. If increasing ridership is important for a transit agency, then parking for customers who want to drive to a station is an important option. There may also be additional benefits for park-and-ride in responding to the ongoing pandemic.
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Ginzberg, Idit, and Walter De Jong. Molecular genetic and anatomical characterization of potato tuber skin appearance. United States Department of Agriculture, September 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7587733.bard.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) skin is composed of suberized phellem cells, the outer component of the tuber periderm. The focus of the proposed research was to apply genomic approaches to identify genes that control tuber skin appearance - smooth and shiny skin is highly preferred by the customers while russeted/netted skin potatoes are rejected. The breeding program (at Cornell University) seeks to develop smooth-skin varieties but has encountered frequent difficulties as inheritance of russeting involves complementary action by independently segregating genes, where a dominant allele at each locus is required for any degree of skin russeting. On the other hand, smooth-skin varieties frequently develop unsightly russeting in response to stress conditions, mainly high soil temperatures. Breeding programs in Israel aimed towards the improvement of heat tolerant varieties include skin quality as one of the desired characteristics. At the initiation of the present project it was unclear whether heat induced russeting and genetically inherited russeting share the same genes and biosynthesis pathways. Nevertheless, it has been suggested that russeting might result from increased periderm thickness, from strong cohesion between peridermal cells that prevents the outer layers from sloughing off, or from altered suberization processes in the skin. Hence, the original objectives were to conduct anatomical study of russet skin development, to isolate skin and russeting specific genes, to map the loci that determine the russet trait, and to compare with map locations the candidate russet specific genes, as well as to identify marker alleles that associated with russet loci. Anatomical studies suggested that russet may evolve from cracking at the outer layers of the skin, probably when skin development doesn’t meet the tuber expansion rate. Twodimensional gel electrophoresis and transcript profiling (cDNA chip, potato functional genomic project) indicated that in comparison to the parenchyma tissue, the skin is enriched with proteins/genes that are involved in the plant's responses to biotic and abiotic stresses and further expand the concept of the skin as a protective tissue containing an array of plantdefense components. The proteomes of skin from heat stressed tubers and native skin didn’t differ significantly, while transcript profiling indicated heat-related increase in three major functional groups: transcription factors, stress response and protein degradation. Exceptional was ACC synthase isogene with 4.6 fold increased level in the heat stressed skin. Russeting was mapped to two loci: rusB on chromosome 4 and rusC on chromosome 11; both required for russeting. No evidence was found for a third locus rusA that was previously proposed to be required for russeting. In an effort to find a link between the russeting character and the heat-induced russeting an attempt was made to map five genes that were found in the microarray experiment to be highly induced in the skin under heat stress in the segregating russet population. Only one gene was polymorphic; however it was localized to chromosome 2, so cannot correspond to rusB or rusC. Evaluation of AFLP markers tightly linked to rusB and rusC showed that these specific alleles are not associated with russeting in unrelated germplasm, and thus are not useful for MAS per se. To develop markers useful in applied breeding, it will be necessary to screen alleles of additional tightly linked loci, as well as to identify additional russet (heat-induced and/or native) related genes.
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Lazonick, William, Philip Moss, and Joshua Weitz. Equality Denied: Tech and African Americans. Institute for New Economic Thinking, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp177.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thus far in reporting the findings of our project “Fifty Years After: Black Employment in the United States Under the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission,” our analysis of what has happened to African American employment over the past half century has documented the importance of manufacturing employment to the upward socioeconomic mobility of Blacks in the 1960s and 1970s and the devastating impact of rationalization—the permanent elimination of blue-collar employment—on their socioeconomic mobility in the 1980s and beyond. The upward mobility of Blacks in the earlier decades was based on the Old Economy business model (OEBM) with its characteristic “career-with-one-company” (CWOC) employment relations. At its launching in 1965, the policy approach of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission assumed the existence of CWOC, providing corporate employees, Blacks included, with a potential path for upward socioeconomic mobility over the course of their working lives by gaining access to productive opportunities and higher pay through stable employment within companies. It was through these internal employment structures that Blacks could potentially overcome barriers to the long legacy of job and pay discrimination. In the 1960s and 1970s, the generally growing availability of unionized semiskilled jobs gave working people, including Blacks, the large measure of employment stability as well as rising wages and benefits characteristic of the lower levels of the middle class. The next stage in this process of upward socioeconomic mobility should have been—and in a nation as prosperous as the United States could have been—the entry of the offspring of the new Black blue-collar middle class into white-collar occupations requiring higher educations. Despite progress in the attainment of college degrees, however, Blacks have had very limited access to the best employment opportunities as professional, technical, and administrative personnel at U.S. technology companies. Since the 1980s, the barriers to African American upward socioeconomic mobility have occurred within the context of the marketization (the end of CWOC) and globalization (accessibility to transnational labor supplies) of high-tech employment relations in the United States. These new employment relations, which stress interfirm labor mobility instead of intrafirm employment structures in the building of careers, are characteristic of the rise of the New Economy business model (NEBM), as scrutinized in William Lazonick’s 2009 book, Sustainable Prosperity in the New Economy? Business Organization and High-Tech Employment in the United States (Upjohn Institute). In this paper, we analyze the exclusion of Blacks from STEM (science, technology, engineering, math) occupations, using EEO-1 employment data made public, voluntarily and exceptionally, for various years between 2014 and 2020 by major tech companies, including Alphabet (Google), Amazon, Apple, Cisco, Facebook (now Meta), Hewlett Packard Enterprise, HP Inc., Intel, Microsoft, PayPal, Salesforce, and Uber. These data document the vast over-representation of Asian Americans and vast under-representation of African Americans at these tech companies in recent years. The data also shine a light on the racial, ethnic, and gender composition of large masses of lower-paid labor in the United States at leading U.S. tech companies, including tens of thousands of sales workers at Apple and hundreds of thousands of laborers & helpers at Amazon. In the cases of Hewlett-Packard, IBM, and Intel, we have access to EEO-1 data from earlier decades that permit in-depth accounts of the employment transitions that characterized the demise of OEBM and the rise of NEBM. Given our findings from the EEO-1 data analysis, our paper then seeks to explain the enormous presence of Asian Americans and the glaring absence of African Americans in well-paid employment under NEBM. A cogent answer to this question requires an understanding of the institutional conditions that have determined the availability of qualified Asians and Blacks to fill these employment opportunities as well as the access of qualified people by race, ethnicity, and gender to the employment opportunities that are available. Our analysis of the racial/ethnic determinants of STEM employment focuses on a) stark differences among racial and ethnic groups in educational attainment and performance relevant to accessing STEM occupations, b) the decline in the implementation of affirmative-action legislation from the early 1980s, c) changes in U.S. immigration policy that favored the entry of well-educated Asians, especially with the passage of the Immigration Act of 1990, and d) consequent social barriers that qualified Blacks have faced relative to Asians and whites in accessing tech employment as a result of a combination of statistical discrimination against African Americans and their exclusion from effective social networks.
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Financial Stability Report - Second Semester of 2020. Banco de la República de Colombia, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/rept-estab-fin.sem2.eng-2020.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Colombian financial system has not suffered major structural disruptions during these months of deep economic contraction and has continued to carry out its basic functions as usual, thus facilitating the economy's response to extreme conditions. This is the result of the soundness of financial institutions at the beginning of the crisis, which was reflected in high liquidity and capital adequacy indicators as well as in the timely response of various authorities. Banco de la República lowered its policy interest rates 250 points to 1.75%, the lowest level since the creation of the new independent bank in 1991, and provided ample temporary and permanent liquidity in both pesos and foreign currency. The Office of the Financial Superintendent of Colombia, in turn, adopted prudential measures to facilitate changes in the conditions for loans in effect and temporary rules for rating and loan-loss provisions. Finally, the national government expanded the transfers as well as the guaranteed credit programs for the economy. The supply of real credit (i.e. discounting inflation) in the economy is 4% higher today than it was 12 months ago with especially marked growth in the housing (5.6%) and commercial (4.7%) loan portfolios (2.3% in consumer and -0.1% in microloans), but there have been significant changes over time. During the first few months of the quarantine, firms increased their demands for liquidity sharply while consumers reduced theirs. Since then, the growth of credit to firms has tended to slow down, while consumer and housing credit has grown. The financial system has responded satisfactorily to the changes in the respective demands of each group or sector and loans may grow at high rates in 2021 if GDP grows at rates close to 4.6% as the technical staff at the Bank expects; but the forecasts are highly uncertain. After the strict quarantine implemented by authorities in Colombia, the turmoil seen in March and early April, which was evident in the sudden reddening of macroeconomic variables on the risk heatmap in Graph A,[1] and the drop in crude oil and coal prices (note the high volatility registered in market risk for the region on Graph A) the local financial markets stabilized relatively quickly. Banco de la República’s credible and sustained policy response played a decisive role in this stabilization in terms of liquidity provision through a sharp expansion of repo operations (and changes in amounts, terms, counterparties, and eligible instruments), the purchases of public and private debt, and the reduction in bank reserve requirements. In this respect, there is now abundant aggregate liquidity and significant improvements in the liquidity position of investment funds. In this context, the main vulnerability factor for financial stability in the short term is still the high degree of uncertainty surrounding loan quality. First, the future trajectory of the number of people infected and deceased by the virus and the possible need for additional health measures is uncertain. For that reason, there is also uncertainty about the path for economic recovery in the short and medium term. Second, the degree to which the current shock will be reflected in loan quality once the risk materializes in banks’ financial statements is uncertain. For the time being, the credit risk heatmap (Graph B) indicates that non-performing and risky loans have not shown major deterioration, but past experience indicates that periods of sharp economic slowdown eventually tend to coincide with rises in non-performing loans: the calculations included in this report suggest that the impact of the recession on credit quality could be significant in the short term. This is particularly worrying since the profitability of credit establishments has been declining in recent months, and this could affect their ability to provide credit to the real sector of the economy. In order to adopt a forward-looking approach to this vulnerability, this Report presents several stress tests that evaluate the resilience of the liquidity and capital adequacy of credit institutions and investment funds in the event of a hypothetical scenario that seeks to simulate an extreme version of current macroeconomic conditions. The results suggest that even though there could be strong impacts on the credit institutions’ volume of credit and profitability under such scenarios, aggregate indicators of total and core capital adequacy will probably remain at levels that are above the regulatory limits over the horizon of a year. At the same time, the exercises highlight the high capacity of the system's liquidity to face adverse scenarios. In compliance with its constitutional objectives and in coordination with the financial system's security network, Banco de la República will continue to closely monitor the outlook for financial stability at this juncture and will make the decisions that are necessary to ensure the proper functioning of the economy, facilitate the flow of sufficient credit and liquidity resources, and further the smooth operation of the payment systems. Juan José Echavarría Governor