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Статті в журналах з теми "Dams Environmental aspects Thailand"
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Soukhaphon, Akarath, Ian G. Baird, and Zeb S. Hogan. "The Impacts of Hydropower Dams in the Mekong River Basin: A Review." Water 13, no. 3 (January 22, 2021): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13030265.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Mekong River, well known for its aquatic biodiversity, is important to the social, physical, and economic health of millions living in China, Myanmar, Laos, Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam. This paper explores the social and environmental impacts of several Mekong basin hydropower dams and groupings of dams and the geographies of their impacts. Specifically, we examined the 3S (Sesan, Sekong Srepok) river system in northeastern Cambodia, the Central Highlands of Vietnam, and southern Laos; the Khone Falls area in southern Laos; the lower Mun River Basin in northeastern Thailand; and the upper Mekong River in Yunnan Province, China, northeastern Myanmar, northern Laos, and northern Thailand. Evidence shows that these dams and groupings of dams are affecting fish migrations, river hydrology, and sediment transfers. Such changes are negatively impacting riparian communities up to 1000 km away. Because many communities depend on the river and its resources for their food and livelihood, changes to the river have impacted, and will continue to negatively impact, food and economic security. While social and environmental impact assessments have been carried out for these projects, greater consideration of the scale and cumulative impacts of dams is necessary.
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Mayoral, Juan M., and Miguel P. Romo. "Geo-Seismic Environmental Aspects Affecting Tailings Dams Failures." American Journal of Environmental Sciences 4, no. 3 (March 1, 2008): 212–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3844/ajessp.2008.212.222.
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Imhoff, K. R. "Dams and the Environment." Water Science and Technology 19, no. 9 (September 1, 1987): 69–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1987.0068.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Reservoirs and environment interrelate with each other. The design interferes with given structures and uses. There are influences on flora and fauna. New demands are created. The different aspects are dealt with. Solutions are presented.
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Pacheco, Admilson Da Penha, Renato Filipe Faria Henriques, and Paulo Marcelo Vieira Ribeiro. "Technical and scientific aspects of dams in Brazil: a theoretical approach." Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science 15, no. 5 (September 3, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.2552.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The safety of a dam is the result of a series of factors, including structural, geotechnical, hydraulic, operational and environmental aspects. In Brazil, Law No. 12.334 of September 2010 establishes the National Dam Safety Policy, which requires safety reports and monitoring inspections for existing dams. The inspection comprises a set of devices installed on the dam, which are used to assess the structural behavior based on performance parameters of the structure, such as displacements, flows, stresses, slopes and others. Dam auscultation procedures, historically, have been performed since the 1950s. Since then, there have been significant advances in instrumentation and dam auscultation methods. This work presents a theoretical approach on technical and scientific aspects of dams in Brazil, based on a state-of-the-art literature review, involving auscultation of dams in the context of design codes, concepts, instrumentation, safety, procedures and monitoring methods.
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Ossowski, Rafał. "Environmental Aspects of Coastal Earth Structures Made of Soil-Ash Composites." Polish Maritime Research 24, s1 (April 25, 2017): 166–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pomr-2017-0035.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract This paper presents an innovative technology of building the coastal dams with the use of soil-ash composites. A natural- scale test stand and results of the performed environmental tests are presented; they have been compared with standards for purity of soils and waters. Also, an analysis of the obtained results and discussion of trends and anomalies in the observations, are given.
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Sneddon, Chris, and Coleen Fox. "Struggles Over Dams as Struggles for Justice: The World Commission on Dams (WCD) and Anti-Dam Campaigns in Thailand and Mozambique." Society & Natural Resources 21, no. 7 (July 15, 2008): 625–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08941920701744231.
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TAYAPUTCH, Nuansri. "Present Aspects and Environmental Impacts of Pesticide Use in Thailand." Journal of Pesticide Science 21, no. 1 (1996): 132–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.21.132.
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Gu, Hao, Xiao Fu, Yantao Zhu, Yijun Chen, and Lixian Huang. "Analysis of Social and Environmental Impact of Earth-Rock Dam Breaks Based on a Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method." Sustainability 12, no. 15 (August 3, 2020): 6239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12156239.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A large proportion of the dams in China are earth-rock dams. Regarding the well-studied loss of life and economic consequences due to dam breaks, this paper introduces the causes and modes of earth-rock dam breaks and the corresponding dam-break losses in terms of the social and environmental aspects. This study formulates the evaluation index system and criteria of earth-rock dam breaks’ impact on society and the environment based on a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The results show that the evaluation grade of the social and environmental impact of the dam break of the Liujiatai Reservoir was “serious”. Therefore, similar dams in China should take corresponding measures in advance to reduce the social and environmental impact of earth-rock dam breaks.
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Grünwald, Richard, Wenling Wang, and Yan Feng. "Politicization of the Hydropower Dams in the Lancang-Mekong Basin: A Review of Contemporary Environmental Challenges." Energies 15, no. 5 (February 24, 2022): 1682. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15051682.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
To date, hydropower dams raise numerous interpretations about their impact on the Lancang-Mekong River. While most research studies analyze the negative aspects of hydropower development on people’s livelihoods and local environments, the hydropower sector was historically one of the most iconic economic segments facilitating transboundary water cooperation for decades. By using the constructive discourse analysis and critical political ecology approach, the presented text (1) outlines the current environmental narratives over the Lancang-Mekong hydropower development and (2) explores the politicization of the Chinese mainstream dams. The data were collected upon the multi-level content analysis of relevant sources and double-checked with the Lancang-Mekong Cooperation and Conflict Database (LMCCD) monitoring over 4000 water-related events among six riparian countries between 1990 and 2021. Our data show that (i) there is a stark contrast in positive and negative narratives over the rapid hydropower development, (ii) the impact of mainstream dams on the river is more often discussed than that of tributary dams, (iii) implications of the hydropower dams are often interpreted upon the non-traditional research inputs rather than widely accepted studies, and (iv) developing the contradictory arguments through social and public media contributes to greater polarization of the multi-stakeholders’ viewpoints in the accountable research dialogue.
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Cacciuttolo, Carlos, Alvar Pastor, Patricio Valderrama, and Edison Atencio. "Process Water Management and Seepage Control in Tailings Storage Facilities: Engineered Environmental Solutions Applied in Chile and Peru." Water 15, no. 1 (January 3, 2023): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15010196.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the past thirty years many mining projects in Chile and Peru have used: (i) polymeric geomembranes and (ii) design-and-build cutoff trenches, plastic concrete slurry walls, and grout curtain systems to control seepage at tailings storage facilities (TSFs). Geosynthetics are a viable alternative at a TSF dam for clay cores or impermeable materials, mainly because of their marked advantages in cost, installation, and construction time. This article describes the use of geosynthetics liners and cutoff trench–plastic concrete slurry walls–grout curtain systems in TSF dams in Chile and Peru mining, with the objective to decrease seepage to the environment, considering different dam material cases such as: cycloned tailings sand dams, borrow dams, and mine waste rock dams. Finally, this article discusses aspects of geosynthetic technology acceptance in the local regulatory frameworks, lessons learned, and advances. It focuses on the use and implementation of geosynthetics in TSFs in Chile and Peru, which have some of the highest TSF dams in the world, as well as a wet environment, dry environment, extreme topography, and severe seismic conditions. These conditions constitute a challenge for manufacturers, engineers, and contractors, who must achieve optimal technical solutions, while being environmentally aware and economic.
Дисертації з теми "Dams Environmental aspects Thailand"
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Foran, Tira. "Rivers of contention : Pak Mun Dam, electricity planning, and state-society relations in Thailand, 1932-2004." Connect to full text, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1984.
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PhDThis study investigates how actions – especially narratives and claims – of civil society advocates influenced electricity generation planning and hydropower project implementation, in the context of a democratising authoritarian state. To pursue this research agenda, I use a critical realist philosophy of science to ground a conceptual framework whose fundamental components consist of institutions, interests, and discourses. The research presents three case studies from Thailand, a nation-state with distinct authoritarian legacies, as well as significant economic and political dynamism in the late 20th century. The cases step from macro to micro levels of analysis: (1) Electricity generation planning: an overview and critique of the social construction of peak power demand and supply options in Thailand, 1960s–2004. I focus on the rise of energy conservation advocacy in the early 1990s, and the rise of more confrontational energy activism in the late 1990s; (2) Pak Mun Dam: contention between EGAT, anti-dam villagers, and other state and civil society actors, 1989–2003; (3) Pak Mun Dam: analysis of how knowledge discourses shaped debates over fisheries and local livelihoods in the lower Mun river basin, 1999–2004. I pursue these cases in the larger context of Thai state–society relations, 1932–early 2000s: from the Khana Ratsadorn (People’s Party) and its founders’ increasingly authoritarian struggles to shape the state; through to the rise of civil society in the Indochina-war era; through the emergence of parliamentary politics and NGO evolution in the 1980s and early 1990s; to the Thai Rak Thai “money politics” party that emerged in 1998. Specific research questions focus on patterns and outcomes of state–society interaction, the role of lay and expert knowledge discourses in structuring conflict, and plausible causal connections between outcomes and concepts used in the conceptual framework. The study is based on fieldwork conducted between 2001 and 2005, with 18 months of intensive work concentrated in 2002 and 2004. Recurrent procedures consisted of collecting policy narratives and arguments and re-constructing actors’ interests (including those of leaders in organizations) via participant observation, interviews, and textual analysis. The thesis argues that anti-dam advocates influenced project implementation practices at Pak Mun Dam by forming social change networks, gaining contingent recognition as new political actors. Through innovative and disruptive action, through claims for transparency and justice, through mass performances of worthiness, unity, and commitment, and through the production of local knowledge, they helped set agendas. They triggered elite intervention, as well as reactive counter-mobilization and occasional violence. The escalation of uncertainty from unintended outcomes challenged elites – aided by deliberative exchanges – to reconsider unfavourable decisions, to reconsider their preferences, and to make concessions. At the same time, a number of events made the Assembly of the Poor, the main anti-dam movement organization, vulnerable to destabilizing action at the local and national levels. These include: the formation of competitive organizations in the lower Mun basin; complex and intractable issues (such as multiple rounds of compensation); and inability to take credit for championing the interests of vulnerable small farmers. Destabilizing interactions occurred particularly in the restricted media space of the post-financial and economic crisis years. Populist platforms put forward by Thai Rak Thai and Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra pre-empted the AOP’s influence. Sustainable energy advocates influenced practices of power system planning by teaching new techniques of energy conservation, and diffusing new norms. In the recent period, however, as some of them engaged in more contentious interaction, such as intervening in conflicts over new coal and hydroelectric power plants (in southern Thailand and Laos respectively) they disrupted dominant rationalities, and found themselves confronting some of the same core practices of a power-wielding bureaucracy and an authoritarian state, namely rhetorical strategies that police the boundaries of policy-relevant knowledge. The thesis, intended to contribute to social science methodology and theory, concludes with a critical appraisal of the conceptual framework. I suggest new research agendas for analysts interested in mechanisms of civil society advocacy in the context of democratising states.
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Tongcumpou, Chantra. "A critique of the environmental impact assessment procedure in Thailand /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1991. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envt665.pdf.
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Sathapornvajana, Kuakul. "Improving community water conservation behavior in Chachoengsao, Thailand." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2008. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1607.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The issue of water supply throughout the world is of concern for many reasons. It is projected that by the year 2025 two-thirds of the world's population will encounter moderate to severe water shortages. As a result of unsustainable development over the past decade, Thailand has faced pollution problems as well as the depletion of many natural resources. These problems have impacted on the country's main rivers (Chaopraya River, Thachine River, and the Bangpakong River), that are crucial to a sustainable economy, society, and culture. There needs to be a concentrated effort at all levels (individual to community) to address this problem. This thesis reports on a collaborative water conservation project undertaken in the Banmai and Bone market communities located on the banks of the Bangpakong River in Chachoengsao province, Thailand. In the first phase a qualitative research paradigm was used to gain an understanding of sixteen Bangpakong River stakeholders' perceptions of the river and to determine the factors motivating or constraining their water conservation behaviour. Information obtained in this phase was used to construct a questionnaire to measure a range of variables associated with water conservation behaviours and to provide a framework for the subsequent phases of the study. The second phase used the information accumulated in phase one and involved twenty community leaders in partial participant action research in order to obtain solutions for solving the water pollution problem, plan an appropriate Water Conservation Campaign and empower the leaders to mobilise community members. The third phase, the community-based Water Conservation Campaign planned by the community leaders in phase two was implemented over a six month period. Prior to the campaign, immediately following the campaign and three months after the completion of the campaign a sample of 110 community members completed a questionnaire designed to assess the effectiveness of the campaign and to determine the factors predicting their intention to conserve water. An additional 109 participants from Bang-Wua, and Bangkhla market community which was not involved in the campaign also completed the questionnaire as a control group. Multiple Regressions and repeated MANCOVA indicated that the Water Conservation Campaign had a significant effect on the participants in the experimental group across times in six aspects; namely Knowledge, Attitudes, Past Behaviour, Perceived Behaviour Control, Situational Supporters, and also the Intention to Conserve Water. However it did not have a significant effect on Subjective Norm or Sense of Community. With the exception of Situational Supporters, similar results were obtained when the leaders were excluded from the analysis. In comparison to the control group, the experimental group scored significantly higher on Water Conservation Knowledge, Intention to Conserve Water, Attitude towards Water Conservation, Subjective Norm, Past Behaviour, Perceived Behavioural Control and Situational Supporters immediately after the campaign. The same results were obtained when leaders were excluded from the analysis. However, three months later, the experimental group (with and without leaders) scored significantly higher only on Water Conservation Knowledge, Subjective Norm and Past Behaviour, and significantly lower on Situational Supporters. These results suggest that community involvement in a water conservation campaign is an effective, empowering and useful approach to address the issue of water pollution in the Bangpakong River.
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Chan, Ho-ying, and 陳可盈. "Assess the environmental and social sustainability of the Three GorgesDam project." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29806264.
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Saenyanupap, Sivika. "Hotel manager attitudes toward environmental sustainability practices empirical findings from hotels in Phuket, Thailand." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5022.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Lastly, the study demonstrated that in order for hotels to become more sustainable, support is needed from government or hotel associations to provide education and training for the hotel managers.; This study explored the attitudes of hotel managers in Phuket, Thailand, in an attempt to identify whether their attitudes influence their utilization of environmental sustainability practices. Due to the increasing number of visitors to Phuket, Thailand, the consumption of natural resources has increased in the region, causing serious environmental problems. A sustainable way forward is needed for the tourism industry in the region in order to maintain quality of service while reducing environmental damage. The data analyzed in this study came from self-administered questionnaires that surveyed hotel managers in Phuket, Thailand, with a sample of 243 respondents. Research results revealed three dimensions of hotel manager attitude toward environmental sustainability practices, including operational management, social obligation, and sustainability strategy and policy. Furthermore, three constraints on the implementation of environmental management practices were identified: lack of support, perceived difficulty, and lack of demand. The attitudes of hotel managers regarding specific factors and barriers are also presented in this study. The results of this study show that hotel managers overall possess positive attitudes toward environmental sustainability practices. Finally, the findings reveal that hotel managers' attitudes toward sustainability practices depend on their social demographics, the type of hotel they operate, their degree of ownership of the hotel, whether or not their hotel was affected by the 2004 tsunami, and the year their hotel was built. The results of this study suggest that it is necessary for hotel managers to understand the importance of environmental sustainability practices because this understanding can help motivate them in implementing sustainability practices in their hotels. Furthermore, it can guide hotel managers when deciding which environmental policies are suitable for their hotels.ID: 029810123; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (M.S.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 110-119).
M.S.
Masters
Rosen College of Hospitality Management
Hospitality and Tourism Management
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Thongkao, Aungkan. "How green is your hotel? : an examination of environmentally friendly practices of the Phuket hotel industry." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2002. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/739.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The global hospitality industry is currently facing many challenges from the external business environment. These include the effects of global recession, a downturn in overall trade and an increased demand for service excellence from a much more quality conscious clientele. A more recent challenge, however, relates to an increase in global awareness of environmental issues. Contemporary consumers require goods and services to be produced, or delivered, in environmentally friendly ways. As a result, managers are being forced to reconsider their business strategies and activities. Indeed a wide range of industries has already responded to consumers' dictates on conservation issues. It is now universally accepted that organisations can only achieve their strategic objectives by adopting an environmentally friendly philosophy. The global hotel industry, like any other industry sector, can no longer resist this trend. This study, therefore, shall examine the extent of environmental management practice in the hotel industry, which is one of the major sectors responsible for the development of sustainable tourism. In particular, this study investigated the extent of Green Practice within the Phuket hotel industry, in Thailand. It reports the findings from a two-stage methodology that was designed to shed light on both the current extent of environmental practice within the Phuket hotel industry, as well as the motivation(s) for such practice. Empirical research is reported on a survey of Phuket hotels, with results suggesting that whilst there is evidence of environmentally sensitive practice within the Phuket hotel industry, this is not widespread and rather uncoordinated. The results further suggest low levels of environmental awareness amongst Phuket hoteliers and that where environmentally sensitive practices have been operationalised, this has been due more to the search for bottom line savings than any internalised believe in the value of any such practice.
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Scovill, Georgia Lynn 1962. "Tailings pond seepage and sulfate equilibrium in the Pima mining district, Pima County, Arizona." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276684.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Mining activity is suspected of contributing sulfate and total dissolved solids (TDS) to ground water downgradient of the Pima mining district. High ionic concentrations in tailing impoundments suggest that tailings-pond recharge may be a source of the contamination. Experiments indicated that sulfate is not significantly produced by inorganic sulfide oxidation in the tailings ponds. Tailings pond water chemistries were compared with historical water quality analyses in the Pima district. The U.S.G.S. computer program PHREEQE modeled saturation indices for anhydrite, calcite, fluorite, and gypsum in water chemistries throughout the study area. Well water downgradient of the mines had lower saturation indices than tailings pond water which discredits the claim that tailings-pond recharge is acquiring salts as it percolates to the aquifer. Evidence supports the opinion that tailings pond seepage is contributing to the sulfate and TDS content in ground water downgradient of the ponds.
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Beck, Julia S. (Julia Samantha). "Downstream changes in river morphology as a result of dam developments." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52243.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (MEng)--University of Stellenbosch, 2001.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: A dam can have a significant impact on the downstream river morphology by altering both the flow regime and the sediment load. The effect of a dam is dependent on factors such as the storage capacity relative to the mean annual runoff (MAR), the operation of the reservoir and the sediment yield of the catchment. Changes in the river morphology include the degradation and coarsening of the riverbed, generally closer to the dam, and aggradation further downstream where the sediment delivered by tributaries cannot be carried through because of the reduced sediment transport capacity of the river. The impact of a dam can stretch over several hundreds of kilometres. The main objective of this thesis was to gain a better understanding of the impacts that dams can have on the downstream river morphology. This was done by developing equations that can describe the channel geometry, investigating the effect of the presence of clay and silt on the sediment transport behaviour of sediments, as well as detailed evaluation of simulations carried out with a one-dimensional mathematical river model (MIKE 11). The calibrated regime equations were found to be comparable to other internationally developed regime equations and to be suitable for natural rivers. It was found, however, that these regime equations are not applicable to rivers downstream of dams that have highly unnatural release patterns. Further research is needed in this regard. By investigating the effect of cohesive sediments on the sediment transport behaviour of mixed sediments it was found that as little as 7% clay and silt in the bed could affect their sediment transport characteristics. A methodology was also developed by which the critical conditions for mass erosion of cohesive sediments can be described in terms of the applied stream power. Sediment transport equations were calibrated and verified in terms of the unit input stream power for fine and non-cohesivesediments. The sediment transport equation for fine sediments was implemented in MIKE 11. The simulations over a 40 km reach of the Pongola River downstream of Pongolapoort Dam, have shown that even when a large demand is placed on the stored water, and most of the smaller floods are therefore absorbed by the dam, the downstream impact can still be considerable, with as much as 5 m deep erosion in places. The sediment loads are generally reduced (by as much as 35%), but the effective catchment area downstream of the dam has been reduced by as much as 90%, indicating that substantial erosion had to have taken place in the river. Coarsening of the riverbed was also observed during the simulations.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: 'n Dam kan 'n aansienlike impak he op die riviermorfologie stroomaf daarvan, deurdat dit beide die vloei en sedimentlading drasties kan verander. Die effek van 'n dam hang van verskeie faktore af, soos die opgaarkapasiteit in vergelyking met die gemiddelde jaarlikse afloop (GJA), die bestuur van die dam en die sedimentlewering van die opvanggebied. Veranderings in die riviermorfologie behels die degradering van die rivierbed, sowel as die uitspoel van fyn materiaal uit die rivierbed, veral nader aan die dam. Deponering vind verder stroomaf van die dam plaas, waar die sediment wat deur die sytakke ingevoer word nie deurgevoer kan word nie, weens die verlaagde sedimentdravermoe van die rivier. Sodoende kan rivierlope oor honderde kilometers deur 'n dam bemvloed word. Die hoofdoel van die tesis was om meer insig te verkry oor die impak wat damme op die stroomaf riviermorfologie kan he. Derhalwe is vergelykings ontwikkel wat die riviermorfologie kan beskryf. Die effek van die teenwoordigheid van klei en slik op die sedimentvervoer-eienskappe is ondersoek, en gedetaileerde ontledings is met 'n een-dimensionele wiskundige riviermodel (MIKE 11) is gedoen. Daar is bevind dat die regime-formules goed vergelyk met ander intemasionaalontwikkelde formules en dat hulle geskik is vir toepassing op natuurlike riviere. Daar is egter gevind dat die formules nie geskik is vir riviere wat stroomaf Ie van damme wat hoogs onnatuurlike loslatings het nie. Verdere navorsing is op hierdie gebied nodig. Ondersoek na die effek wat klei en slik op die sedimentdravermoe het, het getoon dat slegs 7% klei en slik in die rivierbed die sedimentvervoer-eienskappe van mengsels van fyn en growwe materiaal kan bemvloed. 'n Metode is ontwikkel waarmee die kritiese toestande vir massa-erosie van kohesiewe sediment beskryfkan word in terme van die aangewende stroomdrywing teen die bed. 'n Sedimentvervoer-vergelyking in terme van die eenheids-insetstroomdrywing vir fyn en nie-kohesiewe sedimente is gekalibreer en geverifieer. Die nuwe sedimentvervoer-vergelyking vir fyn sedimente is gebruik in die MIKE 11 simulasies. Hierdie simulasies oor 'n 40 km loop van die Pongolarivier stroomaf van Pongolapoort Dam, het getoon dat selfs as daar 'n groot aanvraag op 'n dam se water geplaas word, en gevolglik meeste van die kleiner vloede deur die dam geabsorbeer word, die impak van die dam nogs steeds aansienlik kan wees, met soveel as 5 m diep uitskuring in plekke. Die sedimentladings het gewoonlik verminder (met soveel as 35%), maar die die effektiewe opvanggebiedarea stroomafvan die dam het met meer as 90% verminder, wat daarop dui dat daar aansienlike erodering in die rivier plaasgevind het. Die simulasies het ook getoon dat die hoeveelheid fyn materiaal in die rivierbed verminder het.
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Kime, Robyn Laura. "A two-dimensional numerical model for the investigation of the effects of dams on the Zambezi River Delta." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86402.
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Thesis (MEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The Zambezi River is the largest east-draining river in Africa. It captures runoff from 8 different countries before draining into the Indian Ocean in Mozambique through the Zambezi Delta which is recognised as a (Ramsar) Wetland of international importance. The Zambezi River flows are currently regulated by four large hydropower dams within its catchment. Much attention has been given in recent literature to the detrimental effects of the altered flow regime as a result of dams on the Zambezi River and the Delta in particular. Existing research relating to these negative effects includes many detailed ecological, hydrological and qualitative morphological studies but to date no detailed morphological modelling studies have been conducted in this regard. In this thesis a two-dimensional coupled hydrodynamic and morphological numerical model of the Zambezi Delta is created using topographical information obtained from a navigational study (Rio Tinto, 2011). The model hydrodynamics are calibrated using recorded water levels and flows at two gauging stations within the model domain. The bed load sediment transport is calibrated using field measurements (ASP, 2012b). The effects of dams on the Zambezi Delta are investigated by performing two 10 year simulations, one representing the current (post-dam) scenario and the other representing a pre-dam scenario. These simulation results show a significant decrease in flooded areas and sediment movement on the floodplains as a result of dams. Additional effects on channel widths and depth, on bed gradings, and on tidal water level variations are analysed. The model is then used to simulate a proposed environmental flood release scenario. Such releases have been recommended as a means to partially mitigate the negative impacts of dams on the Zambezi River. In this case an annual flood release supplying a peak flow of 8500 m3/s (slightly less than the pre-dam mean annual flood of 10 000 m3/s) was found to cause slightly more flooding of the close floodplains and to have small effects on the river channel width. The model predicts hydrodynamics and bed sediment transport of non-cohesive sediments with suitable accuracy but an issue with the suspended transport of cohesive sediments was identified. Recommendations are made for addressing the suspended sediment transport inaccuracy. The model, in its current form, can provide quantitative information regarding the hydrodynamics and course sediment transport of the general delta region on a coarse scale. With additional computational resources and accurate topographical information the model can be refined to give accurate predictions for localised areas within the delta. Such information would be valuable to specialist studies addressing the environmental effects of various proposed flooding scenarios or future dams.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Zambezirivier is die grootste oos-dreineerende rivier in Afrika. Dit ontvang afloop van ag verskillende lande voor dit in die Indiese Oseaan in Mozambiek uitmond. Die Zambezidelta work erken as 'n RAMSAR vleiland van internasionale belang. Die vloei in die rivier word tans gereguleer deur vier groot hidro-elektriese damme binne sy opvangsgebied. Baie aandag is in die onlangse literatuur gegee aan die nadelige gevolge van die veranderde vloei as gevolg van damme op die Zambezi Rivier en spesifiek op die Delta. Bestaande navorsing met betrekking tot hierdie negatiewe effekte sluit in detail ekologiese, hidrologiese en kwalitatiewe morfologiese studies, maar tot op datum is geen gedetailleerde morfologiese modelleringstudies gedoen nie. In hierdie tesis is 'n twee-dimensionele gekoppelde hidrodinamiese en morfologiese numeriese model van die Zambezi Delta geskep met behulp van topografiese inligting wat verkry is uit 'n navigasiestudie (Rio Tinto, 2011). Die model hidrodinamika is gekalibreer deur teen watervlakke en vloei by twee meetstasies in die model domein. Die bedvrag sedimentvervoer is gekalibreer met behulp van veldmetings (ASP, 2012b). Die ȉnvloed van die damme op die Zambezi Delta is ondersoek deur twee 10-jarige simulasies, een wat die huidige ( na-dam ) scenario en die ander wat 'n voor-dam scenario ondersoek. Hierdie simulasie resultate toon 'n beduidende afname in die oorstroomde gebiede en sedimentbeweging op die vloedvlaktes as gevolg van damme. Bykomende effekte op kanaalbreedtes en -diepte, op die bedgraderings , en op getywatervlak variasies is ontleed. Die model is vervolgens gebruik om 'n voorgestelde omgewingings vloedloslaating te ondersoek. Sodanige loslaatings is aanbeveel om die negatiewe impak van damme op die rivier gedeeltelik te verminder. In hierdie geval gee 'n jaarlikse vloedloslaating met 'n piekvloei van 8500 m3/s (effens minder as die voor-dam gemiddelde jaarlikse vloed van 10 000 m3/s) effens meer oorstromings van die vloedvlaktes en het 'n klein uitwerking op die rivierkanaalbreedte. Die model voorspel die hidrodinamika en bedsedimentvervoer van nie-kohesiewe sedimente met betroubaarheid, maar 'n probleem met die vervoer van kohesiewe sedimente is geïdentifiseer. Aanbevelings word gemaak vir die aanspreek van die kohesiewe sedimentvervoer onakkuraatheid. Die model, in sy huidige vorm, kan kwantitatiewe inligting oor die hidrodinamika en natuurlik sedimentvervoer van die algemene delta streek by benadering verskaf. Met bykomende rekenaar hulpbronne en akkurate topografiese inligting kan die model verfyn word om akkurate voorspellings vir plaaslike gebiede binne die delta te gee. Sulke inligting kan waardevol wees vir spesialis-studies van die omgewingsimpakte van verskillende voorgestelde vloedloslaatings of toekomstige damme.
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Thapinta, Anat. "Use of geographic information systems for assessing ground water pollution potential by pesticides in central Thailand." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2002. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3205/.
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This study employed geographic information systems (GIS) technology to evaluate the vulnerability of groundwater to pesticide pollution. The study area included three provinces (namely, Kanchana Buri, Ratcha Buri, and Suphan Buri) located in the western part of central Thailand. Factors used for this purpose were soil texture, percent slope, primary land use, well depth, and monthly variance of rainfall. These factors were reclassified to a common scale showing potential to cause groundwater contamination by pesticides. This scale ranged from 5 to 1 which means high to low pollution potential. Also, each factor was assigned a weight indicating its influence on the movement of pesticides to groundwater. Well depth, the most important factor in this study, had the highest weight of 0.60 while each of the remaining factors had an equal weight of 0.10. These factors were superimposed by a method called “arithmetic overlay” to yield a composite vulnerability map of the study area. Maps showing relative vulnerability of groundwater to contamination by pesticides were produced. Each of them represented the degree of susceptibility of groundwater to be polluted by the following pesticides: 2,4-D, atrazine, carbofuran, dicofol, endosulfan, dieldrin & aldrin, endrin, heptachlor & heptachlor epoxide, total BHC, and total DDT. These maps were compared to groundwater quality data derived from actual observations. However, only the vulnerability maps of atrazine, endosulfan, total BHC, and heptachlor & heptachlor epoxide showed the best approximation to actual data. It was found that about 7 to 8%, 83 to 88% and 4.9 to 8.7% of the study area were highly, moderately, and lowly susceptible to pesticide pollution in groundwater, respectively. In this study a vulnerability model was developed, which is expressed as follow: V = 0.60CW + 0.10CS + 0.10CR + 0.10CL + 0.10CSL. Its function is to calculate a vulnerability score for a certain area. The factor “V” in the model represents the vulnerability score of a certain area, whereas CW, CS, CR, CL, and CSL represent the values or classes assigned to well depth, soil texture, monthly variance of rainfall, primary land use, and percent slope in that area.
Книги з теми "Dams Environmental aspects Thailand"
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Sathirathai, Suthawan. Khư̄an Kǣng Sư̄a Ten. Bangkok: Fāi Sapphayākō̜nthammachāt læ Singwǣtlō̜m, Sathāban Wičhai phư̄a Kānphatthanā Prathēt Thai, 1994.
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Michael, Collier. Dams and rivers: A primer on the downstream effects of dams. Tucson, Ariz: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1996.
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Dogra, Bharat. The debate on large dams. New Delhi, India: B. Dogra, 1992.
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Cauley, Darrell L. Post-construction analysis of environmental impacts - Calamus Dam and Reservoir. Denver, Colo: U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, 1990.
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Nam, Young-Suck. Staudammplanung und Umweltverträglichkeitsprüfung: Studie der Staudammplanungen unter Berücksichtigung der Umweltverträglichkeitsprüfung und ihrer institutionellen Rahmenbedingungen in der Republik Korea. Münster: Lit, 1993.
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Jōrj, E. Vi. Mullapperiyār Ḍāṃ: Kēraḷaṃ nēriṭunna durantabhīṣaṇi : paristhitipatḥanaṃ. Kōṭṭayaṃ: [E. Vi. Jōrj], 2006.
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Nicholas, Hildyard, ed. The social and environmental effects of large dams. San Francisco: Sierra Club Books, 1986.
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Weitkamp, Laurie A. A review of the effects of dams on the Columbia River estuarine environment, with special reference to salmonids. [Portland, Or.?: Bonneville Power Administration?], 1994.
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Spilsbury, Louise. Dams and hydropower. London: Wayland, 2011.
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Jallāb, Fīlīb. Hal nahdimu al-Sadd al-ʻĀlī? al-Qāhirah: Jarīdat al-Ahālī, Ḥizb al-Tajammuʻ al-Waṭanī al-Taqaddumī al-Waḥdawī, 1985.
Знайти повний текст джерелаЧастини книг з теми "Dams Environmental aspects Thailand"
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"Social and environmental aspects." In Dams and Reservoirs, Societies and Environment in the 21st Century, Two Volume Set, 1059. CRC Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b16818-163.
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"Theme 4: Social and environmental aspects." In Dams and Reservoirs, Societies and Environment in the 21st Century, Two Volume Set, 1073–368. CRC Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b16818-6.
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Mukono, S. N., and P. C. Mwiinga. "Environmental aspects of water use in arid regions: The Lake Kariba case." In Management of River Basins and Dams:, 75–81. CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003211006-11.
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"Some Aspects of Embankment Dams Constructed on the Mercia Mudstone." In Dams: Engineering in a Social and Environmental Context, 71–83. London: ICE Publishing, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/dams2012.57999.0007.
Повний текст джерелаТези доповідей конференцій з теми "Dams Environmental aspects Thailand"
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Sangtian, N., K. Sriworramas, S. Jaensirisak, and S. Bhokha. "Concerned Aspects in Large Drainage Project: A Case Study of the Mun River Bypass Project in Thailand." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2006. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40856(200)267.
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Nasa Khan, Mayuree, Mongkol Khan, Taraton Boongthong, Fatimah Hassan, and Wassana Surawood. "SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL SUPPLY IN THE NATIONAL PARK: A CASE FROM PHA TAEM NATIONAL PARK, THAILAND." In GLOBAL TOURISM CONFERENCE 2021. PENERBIT UMT, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46754/gtc.2021.11.021.
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This paper aims to present the sustainable development of the environment in the Pha Taem national park in Thailand. It is in the context of the environmental supply for Eco-tourism and nature-based tourism. The study is in the area of the Pha Team National Park (PTNP) in Thailand, which consists of natural and historical features. PTNP has a distinctive geomorphological appearance. The uniqueness of the national park makes it more valuable as a site for not only establishing a national park but a geo-park as well. The PTNP is located on the edge east of Thailand’s territory. The boundary of the PTNP is along with Thailand and the Lao PDR border across the Mekong River. This study employed a semi-structured interview with the national park staff and superintendent. Fifteen questions ranging from the perspective of sustainable tourism development goals to environmental supply were posed to the respondents. The findings demonstrated that to successfully manage the national park and achieve its sustainable tourism development goals the national park should be careful with its management plan and deal cautiously with stakeholders. The national park tourism management plan should include the stakeholder in the planning process to avoid potential conflicts. Moreover, it is necessary for effective tourism management that the park staff enhance their expertise and skills with regard to the tourism operations and tour management aspects of the park.
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Al-Ani, Ibrahim, Hayder Al-Thamery, and Wan Mohtar,. "Multi Criteria Decision Making to Optimize the Best Runoff Control Measure Contributing to Haditha Dam Reservoir." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ARCHITECTURAL AND CIVIL ENGINEERING 2020. Cihan University-Erbil, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24086/aces2020/paper.217.
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In Iraq, the two dominating surface water sources are Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in which some dams constructed on both of them forming reservoirs. Haditha Dam reservoir is one of the most essential sources of drinking, irrigation, flood control and hydropower generation in Anbar State, Western Part of Iraq. Besides, the reservoir is a unique habitat with a wide spectrum of biodiversity. The objective of this study is to investigate and monitor the water quality in Haditha Dam reservoir and introduce the Multi Criteria Analysis (MCA) to highlight the best runoff control measure depending on selected criteria and criteria weights. Experts were interviewed for the selection of criteria and for the assignment of the weight factor and scores. Four criteria from three categories such as technical, economic and environmental aspects were selected. Results from this study indicated that a distinguished difference in TSS and Turbidity between the dry and wet seasons and necessitates the installation of runoff control measures. It was found that the soil binders, sediment basin and diversion channel are the best alternatives for controlling erosion, sediment and drainage respectively. The sensitivity analysis showed very strong decision made by the experts for the technical, economic and environmental criteria.
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Kumar, Shaleni, Mohd-Akmal Sidek, Augustine Agi, Radzuan Junin, Mohd-Zaidi Jaafar, Afeez Gbadamosi, Jeffrey Gbonhinbor, Jeffrey Oseh, and Faruk Yakasai. "Decommissioning of Offshore Oil and Gas Facilities: A Comparative Study Between Malaysia Practices and International Standards." In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207178-ms.
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Abstract Regulations for decommissioning are bound by international and domestic regulations. There are numerous decommissioning concepts to choose from, such as complete or partial removal, structure severance options which leave behind shell mounds and drill cuttings. However, in several international regulations there appears to be little clarity and/or opposing ideologies. Malaysia and Thailand have accessible resources for decommissioning legislation or guidelines in South East Asia. Nevertheless, they are differences in the regulations of these countries regarding the legal framework, the technical, financial and environmental framework. In this study, the feasibility of existing framework in decommissioning process of offshore installations or structures in Malaysia was studied and compared with international practices. Decision matrix analysis was used to systematically identify, analyse, and rate the performance of relationships between sets of values and information. Moreover, the scale of decommissioning activities over the next years, the data and information obtained were analysed using descriptive statistics approach. The results indicated that Thailand had the best decommissioning regulations because they have strict regulation in decommissioning. Most of the regulations covering the technical section are similar within all countries studied. Finally, recommendations given are from the aspects of frameworks on in-situ full or partial decommissioning, clarity on liabilities and residual risk management, financial security, residual risk funds, workflow optimisation, information management system, and waste management.
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Pongpitukkul, Woraphat, Thotsaphon Chaianansutcharit, Suppakit Learduchasai, Thunyarak Suankaew, and Satiraporn Sirisampan. "Tantawan Sludge Management: Holistic Approach Introducing New Practices." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-21331-ms.
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Abstract Following Tantawan field suspension of production, considerable volume of contaminated crude (high level of mercury and arsenic content) remains on board in Tantawan FPSO. These volumes are deemed as waste hydrocarbon sludge that hold no commercial value and must be urgently removed from the vessel as per safety requirements to maintain the vessel class and certification, according to Tantawan FPSO integrity condition. After review of many alternatives, offshore subsurface disposal initiative is the safest and most cost-effective means for disposal. Since subsurface disposal of such waste, highly mercury and arsenic contaminated crude, has never been performed in the Gulf of Thailand, several aspects need to be considered from technical and environmental perspective and public sector concerns. A cross functional team of Reservoir Engineer, Geologist, Facilities Engineer, Health and Safety, Policy, Government and Public Affair and commercial advisor, has co-devised a holistic waste management plan to inject waste into Tantawan reservoirs after obtaining required approvals by the government. Many challenges including limitation of the FPSO pumping system, sludge properties and seasonal increment weather, were encountered during the execution phase and many remedial actions were taken to mitigate their impact. Cross functional team initiatives on heater installation, adjusting injection procedure, and additional disposal well approval helped address project challenges. Entire volume of sludge was safely injected to subsurface reservoirs with cost effective operation. The success of this offshore injection process has reduced the cost to less than 10% compared to onshore disposal option to asset joint venture. The results set a new standard for Thailand petroleum waste management policy. Following this success, decommissioning of all remaining of Tantawan field are progressing as scheduled. This paper will outline the holistic approach of hydrocarbon sludge management process including the subsurface injection identifcation, stakeholder engagement, environmental impact assessment and execution challenges. Lessons learned from this paper would help other offshore operators to effectively manage hydrocarbon sludge, which demonstrate how the oil and gas industry plays a vital role in protecting the environment.
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Wattana, Piyarat, Subin Somdee, Surachai Lamsunthia, Jutharat Wondee, and Surasak Chonchirdsin. "The Pilot Recycled Drill Cuttings Road: Utilisation of Onshore Drill Cuttings Waste for Road Application." In SPE Asia Pacific Oil & Gas Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/210748-ms.
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Abstract This project focuses on development of method to recycle the onshore drill cuttings waste and use them in road application. The hazardous characteristics of the drill cuttings waste are also tested and evaluated to address concerns in both safety and environment aspects. The project goals are to recycle drill cuttings waste into new use, reduce environmental footprint and waste management cost, as well as promote corporate social responsibility and sustainability development. Potential use of drill cuttings contaminated with synthetic based mud as part of material for road application were investigated. Samples of the drill cuttings were tested for presence of heavy metal. Laboratory tests were performed to evaluate suitable percentage of drill cuttings to be incorporate into aggregate for road pavement. Pilot recycled drill cuttings road was constructed at PTTEP Rapid Scale-Up Center. The environmental impact assessment on soil, surface water, and underground water around pilot road areas are also carried out to investigate potential environmental impact of the pilot road. Results on heavy metal tests indicate that the drill cuttings are non-hazard with concentration of heavy metal within standards specified in the Department of Mineral Fuel Notification on Petroleum Waste Management dated 28 Feb 2013 and is safe for recycling in road application. Laboratory tests performed in collaboration with the Department of Rural Road indicate that 6% of drill cuttings can be incorporated into aggregate for construction of binding course and wearing course of hot-mixed asphalt road. A 1.2-kilometer pilot recycled drill cuttings road with 6% drill cutting incorporated was then constructed at PTTEP Rapid Scale-Up Center (RASC). The pilot road is used as an access road and road surrounding the PTTEP RASC. Samples of soil around pilot area as well as surface water and underground water from public water and from water drains nearest to the pilot road areas were taken for analysis prior to and after the construction of the pilot recycled drill cuttings road to investigate potential leakage and to assess potential environmental impact of the pilot road to the public water. The water analysis results are within acceptable standards in accordance to the Notification of the National Environmental Board. The pilot recycled drill cuttings road project is consulted and endorsed by the Department of Mineral Fuel and is the first implementation on drill cutting waste utilization in Thailand. It offers cost effective and environmentally sound recycling method for drill cutting waste management and serve as example of circular model for exploration and production waste.