Готові списки джерел за темами / Cross-referenced

Зміст

  1. Статті в журналах
  2. Дисертації
  3. Книги
  4. Частини книг
  5. Тези доповідей конференцій
  6. Звіти організацій

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Cross-referenced"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021
Оновлено: 20 лютого 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Cross-referenced"

1

JIA Zhen-yuan, 贾振元, 王灵丽 WANG Ling-li, 刘巍 LIU Wei, 刘阳 LIU Yang, and 樊超楠 FAN Chao-nan. "Cross-referenced image quality assessment for laser stripes." Optics and Precision Engineering 23, no. 11 (2015): 3041–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/ope.20152311.3041.

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2

Amar, David. "An Updated Cross-Referenced Filing System for Anesthesiologists." Anesthesia & Analgesia 74, no. 6 (June 1992): 906???907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/00000539-199206000-00022.

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3

Yu, Jinsongdi. "A model for tracing cross-referenced statement validity." Computer Standards & Interfaces 41 (September 2015): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csi.2015.02.005.

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4

Saleem, Salman. "Consequences of cultural practices on advertising: Rethinking the role of individual’s values versus social norms for cross-cultural research." Journal of Governance and Regulation 9, no. 2 (2020): 103–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/jgrv9i2art8.

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Анотація:
The study has contributed to the current debate on the significance of cultural referenced practices over self-reported values in the identification of culture (e.g., Fischer & Schwartz, 2011; Kirkman, Lowe, & Gibson, 2017). The study has examined whether there is a difference in the self-reported values versus cultural-referenced practices concerning masculinity and power distance. Also, which facet of masculinity and power distance, i.e., self-referenced and/or cultural referenced ratings predict the manifestation of such values in the advertising. The study has used a survey method and ask 200 respondents to report masculinity and power distance in their individual behavioural preference, in their social context and the manifestation of masculinity and power distance in advertising. The results show that self-reported and cultural-referenced rating of masculinity and power distance differ significantly. Moreover, the regression analysis shows that the culture-referenced masculinity and power distance predicts the reflection of respective values in advertising, but no such effect of self-reported values are found. Obtained results strengthen the argument that self-reported values did not identify the culture, instead, the normative values did identify the culture. Future international business and cross-cultural corporate governance research should consider the cultural practices of masculinity and power in their cross-cultural investigation.
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5

Bog, Uwe, Falko Brinkmann, Sentayehu Fetene Wondimu, Tobias Wienhold, Sarah Kraemmer, Christian Koos, Heinz Kalt, et al. "Densely Packed Microgoblet Laser Pairs for Cross-Referenced Biomolecular Detection." Advanced Science 2, no. 10 (June 8, 2015): 1500066. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/advs.201500066.

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6

Zhang, Pengfei, Le Liu, Yonghong He, Yanhong Ji, and Hui Ma. "Self-Referenced Plasmon Waveguide Resonance Sensor Using Different Waveguide Modes." Journal of Sensors 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/945908.

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Анотація:
We report a plasmon waveguide resonance (PWR) sensing structure supporting two waveguide modes for self-referenced measurement. We show theoretically the dual mode PWR sensing structure owns unique opportunities for self-referenced measurement, and the accuracy and cross sensitivity can be optimized by simply varying the gold film thickness or dielectric layer thickness or dielectric film refractive index. This structure may provide an approach owning good compatibility with the surface plasmon resonance and PWR biosensors for self-referenced biosensing.
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7

Grabielle, S., A. Moulet, N. Forget, V. Crozatier, S. Coudreau, R. Herzog, T. Oksenhendler, C. Cornaggia, and O. Gobert. "Self-referenced spectral interferometry cross-checked with SPIDER on sub-15fs pulses." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 653, no. 1 (October 2011): 121–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2011.01.007.

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8

CONSTANTINO, REGINALDO. "A revised and geo-referenced list of type localities for termites in South America." Zootaxa 4638, no. 3 (July 17, 2019): 389–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4638.3.5.

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Анотація:
A revised, geo-referenced, and cross-referenced list of 270 termite type localities in South America is presented. A total of 543 nominal species-group extant taxa are listed, 442 of them valid and 97 synonyms. The type-locality comprising the greatest number of nominal taxa in South America is Kartabo, Guyana (A.E. Emerson study site), with 59 taxa, followed by Cuiabá, Brazil (F. Sivestri), with 34, and Ribeirão Cascalheira, Brazil (Xavantina-Cachimbo Expedition, A.G.A. Mathews) with 26.
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9

Wei, Hongqing, Rongjin Zeng, Shenglan Wang, Chong-Hua Zhang, Shu Chen, Peisheng Zhang, and Jian Chen. "Engineering of a zero cross-talk fluorescent polymer nanoprobe for self-referenced ratiometric imaging of lysosomal hypochlorous acid in living cells." Materials Chemistry Frontiers 4, no. 3 (2020): 862–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9qm00733d.

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10

Sandalic, Danielle, Yvonne Tran, Mohit Arora, James Middleton, Candice McBain, Daniel Myles, Ilaria Pozzato, and Ashley Craig. "Improving Assessment of Cognitive Impairment after Spinal Cord Injury: Methods to Reduce the Risk of Reporting False Positives." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 1 (December 21, 2022): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12010068.

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Adults with spinal cord injury (SCI) are reported to have heightened risk of cognitive impairment, notably mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Reports of increased risk of MCI are almost exclusively based on cross-sectional assessments of cognitive function using norm-referenced scores. Norm-referenced single-point assessments do not reflect cognitive decline at the individual level but rather represent between group differences in cognitive function. The practice of relying solely on norm-referenced assessment to study MCI after SCI is therefore problematic as it lends to potential misclassification of MCI. Premorbid intelligence estimates permit comparison of people’s actual versus expected cognitive function and thereby can be used to validate the presence of genuine cognitive decline. These are not utilized in the assessment of MCI after SCI. This study simulated data for 500,000 adults with SCI to compare norm-referenced and premorbid-intelligence methods of screening for MCI to examine the potential extent of MCI misclassification after SCI resulting from the overreliance on norm-referenced methods and exclusion of premorbid intelligence methods. One in five to one in 13 simulated adults with SCI were potentially misclassified as having MCI showing that measures of premorbid cognitive function must be included in assessment of cognitive function after SCI.
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Дисертації з теми "Cross-referenced"

1

Chidiac, Emile, of Western Sydney Macarthur University, and Faculty of Education. "The problem of taxonomy and conceptual equivalents in terminology: with special focus on Australian accounting terms." THESIS_FE_XXX_Chidiac_E.xml, 1994. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/578.

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Анотація:
This thesis discusses the problem of accounting terminology in the Australian context and investigates the difficulties of lexicography and translation of accounting terms and the disadvantages created by lack of standardised terminology in the Arab World. It has been discovered that accounting terms have various equivalents in ordinary and specialised dictionaries. The translation of terms is so problematical that it is difficult to distinguish between one term and the next. Although the definitions given to some terms may vary from one dictionary to the other, the Arabic equivalents adopted confuse the user as to the real meaning and usage of such terms. Confusion is deepened when terms of different accounting and commercial nature are being used as if they were synonyms, judging by the Arabic equivalents given to them. Furthermore, there are accounting terms referring to taxation which are unique to Australia and require explanation and translation. Having evaluated the dictionaries and assessed the equivalents given to certain terms, I discovered the need for a new method in lexicography. The introduction of this new method is to make easier the user's task of looking up an entry in the dictionary or trying to identify it. The results achieved in this research should be beneficial to users of general and accounting dictionaries. They are concerned with the collection, description, processing and presentation of terms specific to a single subject area - accounting with reference to taxation. The introduction of an improved method in lexicography, the manner of identifying the terms, the listing of entries and the steps followed in checking equivalents are major achievements of this research. The conclusions reveal to the users the disadvantages of existing arrangements and the way the entries use listed and lack of proper equivalents. This research has led to the formulation of accounting and taxation terms that are unique to Australia and have no equivalents in the Arab World. Such inclusion of new terms would enable the Arabic speaking people to understand the accounting system and the taxation structure in Australia. Such an introduction of terms is made easy by implementing the new method with terms numbered, defined, translated, identified and cross-referenced
University of Western Sydney
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2

Chidiac, Emile. "The problem of taxonomy and conceptual equivalents in terminology: with special focus on Australian accounting terms." Thesis, [Milperra, N.S.W. : The Author], 1994. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/578.

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Анотація:
This thesis discusses the problem of accounting terminology in the Australian context and investigates the difficulties of lexicography and translation of accounting terms and the disadvantages created by lack of standardised terminology in the Arab World. It has been discovered that accounting terms have various equivalents in ordinary and specialised dictionaries. The translation of terms is so problematical that it is difficult to distinguish between one term and the next. Although the definitions given to some terms may vary from one dictionary to the other, the Arabic equivalents adopted confuse the user as to the real meaning and usage of such terms. Confusion is deepened when terms of different accounting and commercial nature are being used as if they were synonyms, judging by the Arabic equivalents given to them. Furthermore, there are accounting terms referring to taxation which are unique to Australia and require explanation and translation. Having evaluated the dictionaries and assessed the equivalents given to certain terms, I discovered the need for a new method in lexicography. The introduction of this new method is to make easier the user's task of looking up an entry in the dictionary or trying to identify it. The results achieved in this research should be beneficial to users of general and accounting dictionaries. They are concerned with the collection, description, processing and presentation of terms specific to a single subject area - accounting with reference to taxation. The introduction of an improved method in lexicography, the manner of identifying the terms, the listing of entries and the steps followed in checking equivalents are major achievements of this research. The conclusions reveal to the users the disadvantages of existing arrangements and the way the entries use listed and lack of proper equivalents. This research has led to the formulation of accounting and taxation terms that are unique to Australia and have no equivalents in the Arab World. Such inclusion of new terms would enable the Arabic speaking people to understand the accounting system and the taxation structure in Australia. Such an introduction of terms is made easy by implementing the new method with terms numbered, defined, translated, identified and cross-referenced
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Книги з теми "Cross-referenced"

1

Henderson, A. Charles W. Henderson: My Henderson Ancestry-Cross Referenced. [s.l.]: [s.n.], 1985.

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2

Chaucer source and analogue criticism: A cross-referenced guide. New York: Garland Pub., 1985.

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3

George, Bell. Four corner digital coded Chinese characters: Cross referenced pinyin and English. 2nd ed. Columbus, Ohio: G.E. Bell and J. Shi, 1991.

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4

Clark, Patricia Roberts. Tribal names of the Americas: Spelling variants and alternative forms, cross-referenced. Jefferson, N.C: McFarland & Co., Publishers, 2009.

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5

Nutter, Richard W. Monetary restitution and victim/offender contact: An annotated and cross referenced bibliography. [Washington: National Institute of Corrections.], 1989.

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6

Rick, Porter, ed. The complete, cross-referenced guide to the baby buster generation's collective unconscious. New York: Boulevard Books, 1998.

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7

Tribal names of the Americas: Spelling variants and alternative forms, cross-referenced. Jefferson, N.C: McFarland & Co., Publishers, 2009.

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8

Clark, Patricia Roberts. Tribal names of the Americas: Spelling variants and alternative forms, cross-referenced. Jefferson, N.C: McFarland & Co., Publishers, 2009.

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9

Clark, Patricia Roberts. Tribal names of the Americas: Spelling variants and alternative forms, cross-referenced. Jefferson, N.C: McFarland & Co., Publishers, 2009.

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10

Rosemary, Simpson. Common LISP: The index : a cross-referenced index to Common LISP : the language. Cambridge, MA: Coral Software Corp., 1987.

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Частини книг з теми "Cross-referenced"

1

Chang, Minoa, and Ben K. Lim. "Norm-Referenced Test (NRT)." In Encyclopedia of Cross-Cultural School Psychology, 688–89. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-71799-9_291.

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2

Reynolds, Matthew P., Hans-Joachim Braun, Richard B. Flavell, J. Jefferson Gwyn, Peter Langridge, Jeffrey L. Rosichan, Mark C. Sawkins, and Stephen H. Visscher. "Translational Research Networks." In Wheat Improvement, 471–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90673-3_26.

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Анотація:
AbstractWithout higher yielding and more climate resilient crop varieties, better agronomy and sustainable inputs, the world is on a course for catastrophes in food and nutritional security with all the associated social and political implications. Achieving food and nutritional security is one of the most important Grand Challenges of this century. These circumstances demand new systems for improving wheat to sustain current needs and future demands. This chapter presents some of the networks that have been developed over the years to help address these challenges. Networks help to: identify the most urgent problems based on consensus; identify and bridge knowledge silos; increase research efficacy and efficiency by studying state of the art germplasm and sharing common research environments/platforms so multiple strands of research can be cross-referenced; and creating communities of practice where the modus operandi becomes cooperation towards common goals rather than competition. Networks can also provide identity and visibility to research programs and their stakeholders, thereby lending credibility, increasing investment opportunities and accelerating outputs and dissemination of valuable new technologies.
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3

Broekhuyse, Michelle, and Marcus Taft. "Chapter 10. L1-referenced phonological processing in Japanese-English bilinguals." In Writing Systems, Reading Processes, and Cross-Linguistic Influences, 201–20. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/bpa.7.10bro.

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4

"Contents Cross-Referenced by Diagnoses." In Orthopaedic Oncology, edited by Ernest U. Conrad III. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/b-0034-58848.

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5

"Site Links and Topics Cross Referenced by Location." In Renaissance Art & Science @ Florence, 231–36. Pennsylvania State University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/j.ctv1c9hp5f.14.

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6

Semple, David, and Roger Smyth. "Symptoms of psychiatric illness." In Oxford Handbook of Psychiatry, 99–120. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198795551.003.0003.

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This chapter defines the symptoms of psychiatric illness, from descriptive psychopathology and definitions of general terms to a dictionary of symptoms arranged alphabetically. Synonyms and older terms are cross-referenced with the modern descriptions.
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7

Mehlhorn, Hendrik, Matthias Lange, Uwe Scholz, and Falk Schreiber. "Extraction and Prediction of Biomedical Database Identifier Using Neural Networks towards Data Network Construction." In Cases on Open-Linked Data and Semantic Web Applications, 58–83. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2827-4.ch004.

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Анотація:
In this work, we investigate to what extent an automated construction of an integrated data network is possible. We propose a method that predicts and extracts cross-references from multiple life science databases and possible referenced data targets. We study the retrieval quality of our method and report on first, promising results.
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8

Imaizumi, Shu, Tomohisa Asai, and Michiko Miyazaki. "Cross-referenced body and action for the unified self: empirical, developmental, and clinical perspectives." In Body Schema and Body Image, 194–209. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198851721.003.0012.

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Анотація:
This chapter discusses how the self emerges in the brain through the body and bodily actions. In terms of minimal selfhood, self-representation has two aspects: sense of body ownership and sense of agency over action. In the rubber hand illusion paradigm, multisensory and sensorimotor signals induce illusory ownership over a fake hand. Studies in healthy adults suggest a cross-referenced relationship between body and action as a mechanism of the self-representation. Specifically, one’s own hand can spontaneously move towards the fake hand due to illusory ownership, suggesting a body-to-action relationship. In contrast, an object which is moving synchronously with one’s hand can entail a sense of body ownership as well as a sense of agency, suggesting an action-to-body relationship. The chapter also discusses developmental and clinical perspectives. Immature self-recognition and body part localization in children suggest a prerequisite of representations of the self and body. Although such representations can deteriorate due to damage to the body and brain, amputees can incorporate phantom limb and prosthesis into their body representation through visuo-motor rehabilitation, regaining senses of ownership and agency over these limbs once again. The chapter proposes generation-loss-regeneration dynamism in self-representation originating from the cross-referenced body and action.
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Davies, Nev, and Anuhya Vusirikala. "Trauma." In Oxford Assess and Progress: Clinical Specialties, 127–38. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198862550.003.0008.

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Анотація:
This chapter contains 19 questions that encompass all of the important areas of trauma, with detailed explanations. The questions highlight the important principles of trauma care and aim to help the reader comprehend the management of a seriously injured trauma patient. Unique to this series, questions are rated by difficulty and are cross-referenced to the eleventh edition of Oxford Handbook of Clinical Specialties to track revision progress and revise effectively.
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"Eponymous syndromes." In Oxford Assess and Progress: Clinical Specialties, edited by Luci Etheridge and Alex Bonner, 245–54. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198862550.003.0014.

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Анотація:
This chapter contains 13 questions that encompass all of the important areas of eponyms, with detailed explanations. The questions are designed to challenge the reader’s ability to recognize clinically relevant combinations of symptoms and signs that may be encountered in practice as a doctor. Unique to this series, questions are rated by difficulty and are cross-referenced to the eleventh edition of Oxford Handbook of Clinical Specialties to track revision progress and revise effectively.
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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Cross-referenced"

1

Afshani, Peyman, Michael A. Bender, Martín Farach-Colton, Jeremy T. Fineman, Mayank Goswami, and Meng-Tsung Tsai. "Cross-Referenced Dictionaries and the Limits of Write Optimization." In Proceedings of the Twenty-Eighth Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms. Philadelphia, PA: Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/1.9781611974782.99.

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2

Bordogna, Gloria, Daniele E. Ciriello, and Giuseppe Psaila. "A flexible framework to cross-analyze heterogeneous multi-source geo-referenced information." In WI '17: International Conference on Web Intelligence 2017. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3106426.3106537.

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3

Bloswick, Donald S., Charles B. Elliott, and Kimberli Jones. "Integration of Safety, Health, and Ergonomic Issues Into the Undergraduate Mechanical Engineering Curriculum." In ASME 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2000-1044.

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Анотація:
Abstract Course modules which include an introduction to safety, health and environmental issues and concerns are being developed for the undergraduate mechanical engineering curriculum. In addition a reference matrix is being prepared which includes list of available problem sets and case studies cross referenced to relevant undergraduate mechanical engineering courses. This information will be made available in electronic and web-based format for interested parties.
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4

He, Yutong, Chao Jing, Xinhai Zou, Heng Wang, Yali Zhang, Zhiyao Zhang, Shangjian Zhang, and Yong Liu. "Deadband-free Microwave Frequency Measurement by Cross-referenced Photonic Harmonic Down-conversion based on Cascaded Four Wave Mixing of SOAs." In Optical Fibers, Fiber-based Devices and Applications. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ofda.2019.ofth2a.3.

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Hannis, J. M., and M. K. D. Smith. "A Comparison Between Engine Test Results and Design Predictions of Turbine Blade Cooling Performance." In ASME 1989 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/89-gt-169.

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Анотація:
Significant differences exist between the behaviour of cooled turbine blades under engine conditions and their behaviour as predicted in design calculations. This paper presents a comparison between engine test data, static cascade rig data, and design predictions. Wherever possible, the reasons for the differences are identified and cross referenced to recently reported research work. In some cases hard supportive evidence for phenomena observed on research rigs has been obtained from engine tests. The data is presented for two subsonic aerofoil designs with several different cooling configurations.
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Dubovenko, Yurii. "On the use of social networks as a prediction market tool for improving the practice of evaluation scientific research." In First International Conference "Open Science and Innovation in Ukraine 2022". State Scientific and Technical Library of Ukraine, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35668/978-966-479-129-5-2-3.

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Анотація:
The summarized results of a collective discussion at a scientific forum for a simulated case regarding the non-obvious disadvantage of the Hirsch index are described. It is the calculation of the ratio of citations between the author of an idea who has one publication and his disciples followers who developed its small details in numerous cross-referenced publications. Resulting from the discussion, the wording of the problem was clarified and set of little known to commons resources were identified which allow evaluate various aspects of the scientist’s contribution to the scientific output.
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Alciatore, David G. "Computer Graphics Modeling of Anatomy: From 2D Data Acquisition to 3D Sculpting." In ASME 1995 15th International Computers in Engineering Conference and the ASME 1995 9th Annual Engineering Database Symposium collocated with the ASME 1995 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/cie1995-0778.

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Abstract This paper describes a process which is used to generate three-dimensional computer graphics surface models of gross anatomical structures. Key steps in the generation of these models include acquiring 2D cross-sectional data from macrocryotome slicing, generating 2D cross section contours from edge detection and region segmentation, generating a polygonal mesh surface model by triangulating between the 2D contours, and interactive sculpting of the 3D surface for editing and changing the appearance of the model. The algorithms and development involved with these steps are briefly described here and several images resulting from the process are presented. The main purpose of the paper is not to present the details of implementation of the various algorithms, but rather to present the overall methodology and illustrate the results. Implementation details can be found in other papers referenced here. The most recent results of our efforts, which are presented here, are 3D surface models of the complete human thorax. These models have numerous applications in anatomy and biomechanics visualization and teaching.
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Kovacevic, Ahmed, Nikola Stosic, Elvedin Mujic, and Ian K. Smith. "Design Integration for Screw Compressors." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-79324.

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DISCO - Design Integration for Screw Compressors is a tool interface for screw compressor design developed with aim to reduce intensive efforts and speed up the design process. This procedure connects software components required to produce three-dimensional CAD models and manufacturing drawings with calculation of thermodynamic process, fluid flow and solid structure stresses and strains. A number of input parameters required to describe a machine geometry and operating conditions is small and introduced only once for all of design software. Because of that, a control over the design process is easy to maintain. This allows that the modifications made to the compressor model in any of the design stages are cross referenced through all of software components. Such an approach saves both the computer resources and time when compared with a classical design processes.
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9

Thomas, Kavita E., Livia Sumegi, Leo Ferres, and Somayajulu Sripada. "Enabling access to geo-referenced information." In the 2008 international cross-disciplinary workshop. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1368044.1368066.

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10

Collier, Christopher M., Brandon Born, and Jonathan F. Holzman. "Voltage Phase Control for Enhanced Addressability in Highly-Parallel Digital Microfluidic Architectures." In ASME 2011 9th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2011-58055.

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Digital microfluidic architectures have been a source of great enthusiasm for on-chip fluid applications requiring precise control and reconfigurability. Droplet-based systems operating with exceedingly small volumes (pL) can make use of digital microfluidic control systems to direct fluid motion using voltages on cascaded electrode structures. The voltage on these electrodes can be adapted via software, thus the generalized templates offered by digital microfluidic systems can be tailored for numerous end-user applications. The work presented here addresses the two major challenges for implementing these digital microfluidics systems for end-user applications: parallel addressability and reduced input voltages. The challenges are overcome through dual-phase AC voltage routing in a 16×16 digital microfluidic multiplexer using low (10 Vrms) input voltages. The first challenge, related to parallel addressability, comes about because of the generalized template for digital microfluidics, with underlying square-grid electrodes forming a two-dimensional, M×N, plane. Such a structure cannot be readily scaled up for use in single-layered highly-parallel architectures as external address lines cannot be effectively contacted to internal square electrodes lying within a 2-dimensional. With this in mind, the work here introduces multiplexing with a cross-referenced architecture having only M+N input lines. Microdroplets lie between orthogonal overlying row electrodes and underlying column electrodes, and nonlinear threshold-voltage localization is used to initiate motion of the desired microdroplet in the two-dimensional plane. Microdroplet interference (motion of undesired microdroplets) along the activated row and column is avoided, as the applied voltage initiates motion only at the overlapped electrode region (where the voltage is doubled and above-threshold). A dual-phase AC voltage control system is used to address the above bi-layered cross-referenced electrode structure and simultaneously provides a natural solution to the second, reduced voltage, challenge of practical digital microfluidic architectures. Reduced input voltages can be achieved in the digital microfluidic system through an integrated centre-tap AC transformer (a dielectric layer in the digital microfluidic multiplexer limits the current and power consumption, allowing for step-up voltage transformation). The dual-phase outputs from this voltage transformer are 180° out-of-phase, and the AC signals from these outputs are routed to the appropriate row and column electrodes to bring about above-threshold motion. Controlled switching is demonstrated in this work for input voltages below 10 Vrms. Structural and electrical design issues for this dual-phase AC digital microfluidic integrated chip are addressed in this work, and results are presented for an integrated digital microfluidic multiplexer prototype.
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Звіти організацій з теми "Cross-referenced"

1

Lalisse, Matthias. Measuring the Impact of Campaign Finance on Congressional Voting: A Machine Learning Approach. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp178.

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How much does money drive legislative outcomes in the United States? In this article, we use aggregated campaign finance data as well as a Transformer based text embedding model to predict roll call votes for legislation in the US Congress with more than 90% accuracy. In a series of model comparisons in which the input feature sets are varied, we investigate the extent to which campaign finance is predictive of voting behavior in comparison with variables like partisan affiliation. We find that the financial interests backing a legislator’s campaigns are independently predictive in both chambers of Congress, but also uncover a sizable asymmetry between the Senate and the House of Representatives. These findings are cross-referenced with a Representational Similarity Analysis (RSA) linking legislators’ financial and voting records, in which we show that “legislators who vote together get paid together”, again discovering an asymmetry between the House and the Senate in the additional predictive power of campaign finance once party is accounted for. We suggest an explanation of these facts in terms of Thomas Ferguson’s Investment Theory of Party Competition: due to a number of structural differences between the House and Senate, but chiefly the lower amortized cost of obtaining individuated influence with Senators, political investors prefer operating on the House using the party as a proxy.
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2

Butler, Nadia, and Soha Karam. Key Considerations for Integrating COVID-19 Vaccination Services: Insights from Iraq and Syria for the MENA Region. SSHAP, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2022.034.

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With the COVID-19 pandemic well into its third year, governments and response partners are recognising that it no longer makes sense for COVID-19 services, including vaccination, to exist in isolation. There is growing recognition of the potential for integration with other services as the way forward for COVID-19 vaccination. This has recently begun to occur in various countries, but until now, there has been little evidence available as to the success of these initiatives. Service delivery integration occurs where “managerial or operational changes to health systems bring together inputs, delivery, management, and organisation of particular service functions in ways that are contextually appropriate and person-centred with the aim of improving coverage, access, quality, acceptability, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness” (Haldane et al. 2022) This brief draws on evidence from academic and grey literature and consultations with partners working in the COVID-19 response to review current integration efforts (as of August 2022) and explore potentially effective ways to integrate COVID-19 vaccination into other services in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Recent guidance on integration from WHO has also been cross-referenced where relevant. Iraq is taken as a detailed case study due to the efforts already made there on integration of COVID-19 and routine immunisation (RI) services. Global integration experiences and a brief discussion of integration efforts in Syria are also included. The brief is part of the Social Science in Humanitarian Action Platform (SSHAP) series on social science considerations relating to COVID-19 vaccines and was written for SSHAP by Nadia Butler supported by Soha Karam (Anthrologica). Verbal consultations and reviews of the draft were provided from response partners in Iraq and other locations within the region (IFRC MENARO, Iraq MoH, UNICEF Iraq, UNICEF MENARO, UNICEF Syria, WHO EMRO). The brief was requested by the UNICEF Middle East and North Africa Regional Office (MENARO) and is the responsibility of SSHAP.
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3

Khan, Mahreen. Public Financial Management and Transitioning out of Aid. Institute of Development Studies, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.145.

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This rapid review found an absence of literature focused specifically on measuring the impact of PFM and governance systems in countries that have transitioned from aid, by moving up the income ladder. However, there are a few academic publications and a limited number of studies by multilateral, such as the World Bank, that examine the role of PFM and governance systems in countries that are transitioning or have moved away from aid. However, the importance of public financial management (PFM) and governance systems in development is well established and seen as a pre-requisite for economic growth. To effectively transition from aid, most low-income countries (LICs) need to upgrade their PFM and governance systems to meet the different scale, resources, accountability mechanisms, and capacity-building requirements of a middle-income country (MIC). The absence of the above empirical evidence may be due to the complexity of measuring the impact of PFM reforms as the results are non-linear, difficult to isolate from other policies to establish causality, and manifest in a longer time frame. However, through comparative country studies, the consequences of deficient PFM and governance have been well documented. So impaired budgetary planning, implementation, and reporting, limited fiscal transparency, weak accountability mechanisms, resource leakage, and inefficient service delivery are well recognised as detrimental to economic growth and development. The literature on transitioning countries focuses predominantly on the impact of aid withdrawal on the social sector, where comparative qualitative data is easier to obtain and the effects are usually more immediate, visible, and may even extend to global health outcomes, such as in AIDS prevention programmes. Thus, tracking the progress of donor-assisted social sector programmes is relatively easier than for PFM and governance reforms. The literature is more abundant on the overall lessons of transitions from aid both for country governments and donors. The key lessons underscore the importance of PFM and governance systems and mechanisms to a successful transition up the income ladder: Planning for transition should be strategic, detailed and specifically geared to mitigate against risks, explicitly assessing the best mix of finance options to mitigate the impact of aid reduction/withdrawal on national budgets. The plan must be led by a working group or ministry and have timelines and milestones; Where PFM and governance is weak transition preparation should include strengthening PFM especially economic and fiscal legislation, administration, and implementation; Stakeholders such as donor partners (DPs) and NGOs should participate in the planning process with clear, open, and ongoing communication channels; Political and economic assessments in the planning and mid-term phases as well as long-term monitoring and evaluation should be instituted; Build financial, technical, and management capacity throughout the plan implementation This helpdesk report draws on academic, policy, and grey sources from the previous seven years rather than the usual K4D five-year window, to account for the two-year disruption of COVID-19. As cross-country studies on PFM and governance are scarce, a few older studies are also referenced to ensure a comprehensive response to the query. The report focuses on low-income countries transitioning from aid due to a change in status to lower-middle-income countries.
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