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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Crops and nitrogen"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 1 серпня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Crops and nitrogen"

KUMAR, YOGENDRA. "Nanofertilizers for enhancing nutrient use efficiency, crop productivity and economic returns in winter season crops of Rajasthan." Annals of Plant and Soil Research 22, no. 4 (November 4, 2020): 324–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2020.10001.

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The results of 600 on-farm trials with 8 crops conducted during winter season in different districts of Rajasthan have proved that the quantity of urea being applied by the farmers to supply nitrogen to the crops can be successfully reduced to half. The yields obtained with 50% less nitrogen plus 2 sprays of nano-nitrogen in standing crops gave yields higher than that applied in most of the 8 crops tested in these trials. Apart from this, effect of the Nano-Zn and Nano-Cu was also evaluated. As the deficiencies of these micronutrients were not universal like nitrogen, the significant responses to these nanofertilizers depended on the magnitude of deficiency of specific micronutrients and the nature of the crops.These results clearly establish that with application of nanofertilizers, the nutrient use efficiency can be significantly enhanced as revealed by 50 per cent saving of urea through 2 sprays of Nano N.Nanofertilizers are considered as a novel approach towards saving of nutrients, in particular nitrogen, and protecting the environment.This paper describes the results of 600 on-farm trials conducted on 8 crops grown during winter season of 2019-20.

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Kubát, J., J. Klír, and D. Pova. "The dry nitrogen yields nitrogen uptake, and the efficacy on nitrogen fertilisation in long-term experiment in Prague." Plant, Soil and Environment 49, No. 8 (December 10, 2011): 337–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4134-pse.

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Long-term field experiments conducted under different soil and climate conditions and their databases provide invaluable information and are indispensable means in the study of the productivity and sustainability of the soil management systems. We evaluated the results of the dry matter yields of the main products obtained with four variants of organic and mineral fertilisation in three long-term field experiments established in 1955. The experiments differed in the cultivated crops. The period of evaluation was 12 and 16 years (1985–2000), respectively. The productivity of nine-year crop rotation was lower with the fertilised variants than that with the alternative growing of spring wheat and sugar beets. The dry matter yields on the Nil variants, however, were higher in the crop rotation than in the alternate sugar beet and spring wheat growing, apparently due to the symbiotic nitrogen fixation. The dry matter yields of sugar beet and mainly of spring wheat declined in almost all variants of fertilisation in the alternate sugar beet and spring wheat growing, over the evaluated time period. In spite of the relatively high dry matter production, the declining yields indicated a lower sustainability of the alternate cropping system. Both organic and mineral fertilisation increased the production of the cultivated crops. The differences in the average dry matter yields were statistically significant. Both organic and mineral fertilisation enhanced significantly the N-uptake by the cultivated crops. The effectivity of nitrogen input was the highest with the alternate cropping of sugar beet and spring wheat indicating that it was more demanding for the external N-input and thus less sustainable than nine-year crop rotation.

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Yamagata, Makoto, and Noriharu Ae. "Nitrogen uptake response of crops to organic nitrogen." Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 42, no. 2 (June 1, 1996): 389–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00380768.1996.10415110.

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Tei, Francesco, Stefaan De Neve, Janjo de Haan, and Hanne Lakkenborg Kristensen. "Nitrogen management of vegetable crops." Agricultural Water Management 240 (October 2020): 106316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106316.

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Jensen, Erik Steen. "Nitrogen Accumulation and Residual Effects of Nitrogen Catch Crops." Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica 41, no. 4 (January 1991): 333–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00015129109439917.

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Gaskell, Mark, and Richard Smith. "Nitrogen Sources for Organic Vegetable Crops." HortTechnology 17, no. 4 (January 2007): 431–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.17.4.431.

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Fertilization is the most expensive cultural practice for the increasing numbers of organic vegetable growers in the United States. Nitrogen (N) is the most important and costly nutrient to manage, and cost-effective N management practices are needed for efficient organic vegetable production. There is a wide array of organic N sources available, but they vary in cost, N content, and N availability. Compost and cover crops are commonly used sources of N for vegetables because they are relatively inexpensive and offer additional nutrients or soil improvement qualities in addition to N. Studies have shown that compost quality factors that affect N mineralization vary by source and among different batches from the same source. Compost carbon to N ratio should be equal to or less than 20:1 to assure net short-term mineralization. Cover crops also vary in N content and mineralization rate after incorporation. Leguminous cover crops decompose and release N more rapidly than grass or cereal cover crops at the preheading stage typically incorporated. Even the most efficient N-supplying composts, cover crops, or other organic N sources do not release appreciable N to a subsequent crop beyond 6 to 8 weeks from incorporation, and this burst of early N may not synchronize with N requirements for many vegetable crops. Other potential organic fertilizer N sources have been evaluated for vegetables, and they vary in N cost and N mineralization rate. Materials evaluated include seabird guano, liquid fish, feather meal, corn meal (Zea mays), blood meal, and liquid soybean meal (Glycine max) among others. Of those evaluated, feather meal, seabird guano, and liquid fish stand out as more economical organic sources of available N. Organic sources generally lack uniformity and are bulky, unstable, and inconsistent as a group, and this contributes to additional hidden management costs for organic growers. Liquid organic N sources for use in microirrigation systems may have additional disadvantages caused by loss of valuable nutrient N that is removed by filters.

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Barnett, Bobby D. "Nitrogen-Fixing Trees Benefit Rotation Crops." Journal of Forestry 84, no. 11 (November 1, 1986): 48–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jof/84.11.48.

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Balbinot Junior, Alvadi Antonio, Milton da Veiga, Anibal de Moraes, Adelino Pelissari, Álvaro Luiz Mafra, and Cristiano Dela Piccolla. "Winter pasture and cover crops and their effects on soil and summer grain crops." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 46, no. 10 (October 2011): 1357–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2011001000032.

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The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of winter land use on the amount of residual straw, the physical soil properties and grain yields of maize, common bean and soybean summer crops cultivated in succession. The experiment was carried out in the North Plateau of Santa Catarina state, Brazil, from May 2006 to April 2010. Five strategies of land use in winter were evaluated: intercropping with black oat + ryegrass + vetch, without grazing and nitrogen (N) fertilization (intercropping cover); the same intercropping, with grazing and 100 kg ha-1 of N per year topdressing (pasture with N); the same intercropping, with grazing and without nitrogen fertilization (pasture without N); oilseed radish, without grazing and nitrogen fertilization (oilseed radish); and natural vegetation, without grazing and nitrogen fertilization (fallow). Intercropping cover produces a greater amount of biomass in the system and, consequently, a greater accumulation of total and particulate organic carbon on the surface soil layer. However, land use in winter does not significantly affect soil physical properties related to soil compaction, nor the grain yield of maize, soybean and common bean cultivated in succession.

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Ahmadi, Ahmad Yar. "Relations of Legumes with Soil Health and Succeeding Crops." Open Access Journal of Agricultural Research 8, no. 4 (2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/oajar-16000333.

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In recent decades, soil degradation has increased dramatically on a global scale. It is urgently necessary to promote food security and lessen the effects of climate change by restoring and maintaining the health of our soils. Improvements in soil structure have been demonstrated to help mitigate the effects of soil degradation, which is a crucial feature that influences soil health that is becoming more widely acknowledged. So the use of technologies and methods are important in this context. Growing of legume crops in cropping system is an option. Legumes possess a unique attribute known as nitrogen fixation, which enables them to form symbiotic associations with nitrogen-fixing bacteria residing within specialized root structures called nodules. Through this remarkable process, atmospheric nitrogen is converted into a biologically available form, enriching the soil with this essential nutrient and reducing the dependence on synthetic nitrogen inputs and minimizing environmental degradation caused by excessive fertilizer usage. Furthermore, legumes actively participate in nutrient recycling, releasing essential elements within the soil. By absorbing nutrients from deep in the soil profile, legumes prevent leaching and subsequent loss of these valuable resources. In addition to their nutrient recycling power, legumes also play an important role in improving soil structure. Their extensive root systems penetrate deep into the soil, effectively breaking up compacted layers and enhancing water infiltration. In conclusion, recognizing and harnessing the potential of legumes can revolutionize farming practices, ensuring long-term soil fertility and productivity, environmental sustainability, and food security for generations to come.

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ȘIMON, Alina, Adrian CECLAN, Florin RUSSU, Marius BĂRDAȘ, Felicia CHEȚAN, and Alin POPA. "INFLUENCE OF NP MINERAL FERTILIZATION ON SOYBEAN CROPS." LIFE SCIENCE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 3, no. 1 (July 29, 2022): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.58509/lssd.v3i1.171.

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Soybean is one of the most important sources of vegetable protein, having a great agronomic importance by fixing atmospheric nitrogen following symbiosis with bacteria of the genus Rhizobium. Bifactorial experience, of the AxB model A - phosphorus doses: P0; P40; P80; P120; P16 and B - nitrogen doses:N0; N25; N50; N75; N100, aims to identify the influence of these doses on the development of soybean cultivation. Although soybeans are a heavy consumer of nitrogen and phosphorus in the early stages of development, however, they do not react well to large amounts of nitrogen as they prevent the development of the number of nodules on soybean roots and inhibits the growth of bacteria, and the increases obtained production do not justify the higher amount of nitrogen applied to soybeans. The number of pods and the mass of 1000 grains are also influenced more by the application of phosphorus doses than nitrogen. Phosphorus applied in higher amounts leads to an increase of over 60% of the number of nodules but also at significant production increases of 5-7%, compared to the non-fertilized variant. On nutrient-rich soils, soybeans do not require fertilization with large amounts of nitrogen, but they react very well to the application of phosphorus fertilizers.

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Дисертації з теми "Crops and nitrogen"

Stockdale, Elizabeth Anne. "Nitrogen supply for organic crops." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/27478.

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An integrated series of field, laboratory and pot experiments was carried out between 1990 and 1993 to study the release of nitrogen from organic manures and its subsequent recovery by crops. The aim was to increase understanding of the soil processes controlling N release from manures and therefore enable N supply to be more closely matched to crop demand in organic cropping systems. The study of N release from manures is handicapped by the lack of appropriate methods to measure rates of mineralisation (both net and gross) in the field. The use of isotope dilution techniques under field conditions was found to be difficult due to the slow diffusion of ammonium ions in soils. The release of N from manures was therefore studied indirectly by monitoring plant uptake and changes in the soil mineral N pool. Indices, used to predict N release, were not found to be applicable where additions of manure had been made. Various management strategies aimed at maximising N supply for organic crops were studied. The N released from manures in the first year was shown to be derived mainly from the pool of mineral N added in the manure. The availability of this pool was controlled by the supply of soluble carbon also added in manures, which stimulates the growth of the microbial biomass and therefore leads to immobilisation of the mineral N. The availability of any immobilised N for crop growth is not clear, though some evidence suggested that it was completely recovered by a spring barley crop. The organic N pool of the manure did not seem to be important in supplying N for crop growth in the first year. The use of ¹⁵-N-labelled manures enabled the separation of the N taken up by plants into that derived from the soil and that derived from the manure. Manures were labelled non-uniformly by incubation with ¹⁵N salts for a short period before application. Where the assumption could not be made that the manure was uniformly labelled, a simple model was developed based on isotope dilution theory, to calculate the percentage of plant N uptake from the manure. ¹⁵N was also used to determine the source of the N extracted by a number of methods, used to assess potential N availability.

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Ottman, Michael J., and Stephen H. Husman. "Nitrogen content of green crops." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/204062.

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Application of chemical fertilizer is not permitted in production of crops certified as organic, but green manure crops may be used to supply the nutrient needs of these crops. An experiment was conducted on a commercial farm near Litchfield Park to determine the nitrogen content at plowdown of barley mixed with Austrian winter peas, Magnus peas, and/or Lana woolleypod vetch. The crop was planted on 21 October and sampled for plowdown nitrogen content on 1 March. The peas and vetch comprised less than 10% of the dry weight of the mixture since the barley grew more vigorously. The barley contained 66 lbs N/acre in the forage while the legumes in the mixture contained 16 lbs N/acre on average. The amount of N in the green manure, even if 100% was available, was not enough to supply the needs of a 2 bale/acre organic cotton crop. The planting date, plowdown date, or species composition in the green manure mixture needs to be altered for green manure to supply the N needs of organic cotton.

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Ishikawa, Shoko. "Nitrogen management of strobilurin-treated wheat crops." Thesis, Harper Adams University College, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.417586.

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Zhao, Shan. "Nitrogen nutrition of hybrid poplars." Online access for everyone, 2006. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/summer2006/S%5FZhao%5F072906.pdf.

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BEN, HASSINE MORTADHA. "GROWTH, NITROGEN UPTAKE AND MAIZE NITROGEN RECOVERY OF COVER CROPS IN CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/702471.

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Planting winter cover crops has several benefits compared to keeping the soil bare. The choice of the cover crop species and sowing date is crucial to have the best cover crops establishment and weed suppression. The seeds germination of cover crops is affected by the sowing date with a preference of early sowing. However, the appropriate date of cover crops sowing is not known. Also, cover crops nitrogen dynamics is variable among species. In a conservation agriculture context, we conducted two field experiments in Northern Italy and one laboratory experiment under controlled conditions of temperature and soil moisture. The objectives were to (i) assess the growth and nitrogen uptake of five pure winter cover crops (black oat, Avena strigosa Schreb.; cereal rye, Secale cereale. L.; white mustard, Sinapis alba L.; Egyptian clover Trifolium alexandrinum L.; and hairy vetch, Viccia villosa Roth) as influenced by plant species from three botanical families and two sowing dates (SD1 and SD2), (ii) assess the effect of cover crops presence/absence (bare soil) on weed suppression and maize productivity, (iii) estimate and assess the cover crops contribution to the following main crop (maize) in terms of nitrogen recovery and immediate availability, (iv) establish the course of nitrogen mineralization from pure cover crops in laboratory incubation conditions and (v) assess the effect of three managements of winter-hardy cover crops termination methods and control of weed in maize (chemical vs. mechanical) on maize productivity. The field experiments were carried out in Orzinuovi, Brescia, Italy. Relevant differences in cover crops growth were observed among species, with white mustard SD1 having the highest biomass in November (5.3 and 3.2 t ha-1, respectively for the first and the second year) and Egyptian clover the lowest (less than 1 t ha-1). Also, we demonstrated that hairy vetch SD1 had the highest nitrogen uptake in November (114 kg N ha-1). The presence of cover crops reduced weed infestation compared to a bare soil. Sowing cover crops at end of August, instead of mid-September, had a positive effect on production, establishment, nitrogen uptake, and weed suppression. Maize yield following cover crops was not affected by the cover crop sowing dates and species during the two years of experiment. The maize nitrogen recovery was variable within years; the highest recovery was for maize following hairy vetch SD2 (+67%). The importance of sowing cover crops was demonstrated by the higher nitrogen recovery of maize following cover crops compared to maize following no cover crop treatment. In a laboratory incubation experiment of 84 days, cover crop shoots were collected from cover crops grown in the field, mixed with soil and kept under controlled temperature of 20 °C and soil moisture of 100% field capacity. We demonstrated differences in nitrogen mineralization among the five pure cover crops and weed shoots with hairy vetch, collected in March (C/N ratio of 10.1), having the highest and immediate net nitrogen mineralization from the beginning of incubation until 84 days after start of incubation. Black oat collected in March (C/N ratio of 19.8), had also an immediate net nitrogen mineralization during the whole incubation period but at a lower rate compared to hairy vetch. Egyptian clover collected in November (C/N ratio of 11.4), started nitrogen mineralization 7 days after start of incubation. White mustard collected in November (C/N ratio of 17.7), had a low rate of nitrogen mineralization. Shoots of weed, cereal rye, white mustard and black oat collected in March immobilized nitrogen during the whole incubation period at different rates; cereal rye had the highest rate of immobilization and was not able to start nitrogen mineralization 84 days after start of incubation. In the second field experiment our results indicated that a “post-glyphosate” scenario (mechanical termination of cover crops and chemical control of weed in maize) is the best management to produce the highest yield of maize compared to a “business-as-usual” management (chemical termination of cover crops and weed control in maize) and “organic” management (mechanical termination of cover crops and weed control in maize).

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Mooleki, Siyambango Patrick. "Synchronization of nitrogen availability and plant nitrogen demand, nitrogen and non-nitrogen effects of lentil to subsequent wheat crops." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0029/NQ63902.pdf.

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Vaughan, Jeffrey David. "Management and assessment of winter cover crop systems for supplying nitrogen to corn in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07212009-040446/.

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Scott, David Andrew. "Estimating Soil Nitrogen Supply and Fertilizer Needs for Short-Rotation Woody Crops." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29402.

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Short-rotation woody crops are becoming important supplies of hardwood fiber, but little is known about the early nutritional needs of these systems, especially on different site types. The study objectives were, on two young (ages 3-6) sweetgum plantations with contrasting soil types, to 1) determine the plant growth and foliar nutrition response to repeated nitrogen (N) fertilizer applications, 2) determine soil N supply, plant N demand, foliar N resorption, and soil and fertilizer uptake efficiencies, and 3) test a simple N supply model. In order to expand the findings to the range of sweetgum site types, the study objectives were also to 4) evaluate rapid methods for determining N mineralization potential, 5) characterize the soils of 14 sweetgum site types in the Atlantic coastal plain, and 6) review current N fertilizer prescriptions in forestry and recommend strategies for improvement. Two young sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua L.) plantations on a converted agricultural field and a pine cutover site in South Carolina were fertilized biannually with three rates of N fertilizer (0, 56, 112 kg N per ha). Fertilization doubled foliar biomass and leaf area on the cutover pine site in the years fertilizer was applied, and stem biomass increased 60%. Critical values, the N concentration required for 90% of optimum growth, is approximately 1.75%. Foliar N uptake increased at both sites when fertilizer was applied. Modeled annual soil N supply was within 20% of that measured on the two plantations even though monthly N supply was not accurately estimated. Potential N mineralization was accurately estimated with a 3-day incubation of rewetted soils that were previously dried, but not by hot salt extraction or anaerobic incubation. Across a spectrum of 14 sweetgum sites, the agricultural fields had lower mineralizable nitrogen (126 kg per ha) than the cutover sites (363 kg per ha). Current N fertilizer prescriptions are not sufficient for repeated fertilizer applications to fast-growing hardwood plantations, but simple models of soil N supply and an N-balance approach may improve prescriptions.
Ph. D.

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Waddill, Dan W. "Nitrogen cycling in tall fescue turf with added clippings." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07212009-040500/.

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Watkins, Naomi K. "The influence of crops on gross rates of nitrogen mineralisation." Thesis, University of Reading, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333588.

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Книги з теми "Crops and nitrogen"

Tandon, H. L. S. 1943- and Fertiliser Development and Consultation Organisation., eds. Nitrogen research and crop production. New Delhi, India: Fertiliser Development and Consultation Organisation, 1996.

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Food, Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and. Nitrogen fertilizer materials for field crops. S.l: s.n, 1990.

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Sullivan, Dan M. Nitrogen uptake and utilization by Pacific Northwest crops. [Corvallis, Or.]: Oregon State University Extension, 1999.

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Emerich, David W. Nitrogen fixation in crop production. Edited by American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America. Madison, WI: American Society of Agronomy, 2009.

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Lemaire, Gilles, ed. Diagnosis of the Nitrogen Status in Crops. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60684-7.

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1945-, Lemaire Gilles, ed. Diagnosis of the nitrogen status in crops. Berlin: Springer, 1997.

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J, Schröder J., ed. Long term reduction of nitrate leaching by cover crops: Duration, December 1994-December 1997 : first progress report of EU concerted action (AIR3) 2108, reporting period, December 1994-December 1995. Wageningen [The Netherlands]: Agricultural Research Dept., Research Institute for Agrobiology and Soil Fertility, 1996.

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Lars, Kristensen, and International Workshop on Nitrogen Leaching in Ecological Agriculture (1993 : Copenhagen, Denmark), eds. Nitrogen leaching in ecological agriculture: Proceedingsof an international workshop, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Copenhagen, Denmark. Bicester: A B Academic, 1995.

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United States. Agricultural Research Service. Working Conference. Nitrogen research 1989: Current advances and future priorities : technical report of a USDA-Agricultural Research Service Working Conference, held May 23-25, 1989, St. Louis, Missouri. Washington, D.C.?]: Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 1989.

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Bridger, Jeffrey C. Pennsylvania farms and improved nitrogen management. University Park, Pa: College of Agricultural Sciences, Dept. of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology, 1995.

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Частини книг з теми "Crops and nitrogen"

Tanveer, Asif, Hafiz Haider Ali, and Rao Muhammad Ikram. "Nitrogen Fixation in Nutrient Management." In Agronomic Crops, 195–206. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9783-8_11.

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Khan, Muhammad Naeem, Muhammad Ijaz, Qasim Ali, Sami Ul-Allah, Abdul Sattar, and Shakeel Ahmad. "Biological Nitrogen Fixation in Nutrient Management." In Agronomic Crops, 127–47. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9783-8_8.

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Shahzad, Ahmad Naeem, and Shakeel Ahmad. "Tools and Techniques for Nitrogen Management in Cereals." In Agronomic Crops, 111–26. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9783-8_7.

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Cruz, P., and J. F. Soussana. "Mixed Crops." In Diagnosis of the Nitrogen Status in Crops, 131–44. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60684-7_8.

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Kluson, Robert A. "Intercropping Allelopathic Crops with Nitrogen-Fixing Legume Crops." In ACS Symposium Series, 193–210. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1995-0582.ch015.

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Lightfoot, David A. "Nitrogen Fixation and Assimilation." In Genomics and Breeding for Climate-Resilient Crops, 395–413. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37048-9_11.

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Castellano-Hinojosa, Antonio, Clayton J. Nevins, and Sarah L. Strauss. "Influence of Cover Crops on Nitrogen Cycling and the Soil Microbial Community." In Nitrogen Cycle, 264–83. First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC PRESS, 2021.: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429291180-12.

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Sprent, J. I., J. H. Stephens, and O. P. Rupela. "Environmental effects on nitrogen fixation." In World crops: Cool season food legumes, 801–10. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2764-3_64.

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Hardarson, Gudni, Seth K. A. Danso, and Felipe Zapata. "Biological Nitrogen Fixation in Field Crops*." In CRC Handbook of Plant Science in Agriculture, 165–92. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429286384-9.

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Meynard, J. M., C. Aubry, E. Justes, and M. Le Bail. "Nitrogen Diagnosis and Decision Support." In Diagnosis of the Nitrogen Status in Crops, 147–61. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60684-7_9.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Crops and nitrogen"

Sawyer, John E. "Fertilizing Crops in the New Price Age - Nitrogen." In Proceedings of the 19th Annual Integrated Crop Management Conference. Iowa State University, Digital Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/icm-180809-943.

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Ellsworth, Jason, Kip Balkcom, and Alfred M. Blackmer. "Fertilization to Rescue Corn Crops Following Losses of Fall Nitrogen." In Proceedings of the 10th Annual Integrated Crop Management Conference. Iowa State University, Digital Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/icm-180809-660.

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Lysenko, Vitalii, Oleksiy Opryshko, Dmytro Komarchuk, Nadiia Pasichnyk, Nataliia Zaets, and Alla Dudnyk. "Usage of flying robots for monitoring nitrogen in wheat crops." In 2017 9th IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Data Acquisition and Advanced Computing Systems: Technology and Applications (IDAACS). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/idaacs.2017.8095044.

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Reyniers, Mieke, Els Vrindts, Josse de Baerdemaeker, and Pol Darius. "Fine-scaled optical detection of nitrogen stress in grain crops." In Remote Sensing, edited by Manfred Owe, Guido D'Urso, Jose F. Moreno, and Alfonso Calera. SPIE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.510648.

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Qi, Zhiming, and Matthew J. Helmers. "Effects of Cover Crops in Reducing Nitrate-Nitrogen Leaching in Iowa." In Proceedings of the 19th Annual Integrated Crop Management Conference. Iowa State University, Digital Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/icm-180809-947.

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Berger, K., Z. Wang, M. Danner, M. Wocher, W. Mauser, and T. Hank. "Simulation of Spaceborne Hyperspectral Remote Sensing to Assist Crop Nitrogen Content Monitoring in Agricultural Crops." In IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2018.8518537.

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Prikhodko, A. V., and N. V. Karaeva. "Overview of various crops used for green manure." In CURRENT STATE, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRARIAN SCIENCE. Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-2020-5-9-10-41.

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The aim of our research was to determine the influence of different green manure crops on the process of organic matter entry into the soil, changes in physical and chemical properties of soil, etc. The yields of green mass of sweet clover and sainfoin were the highest – 29.1 and 27.1 t/ha, respectively. Triticale and rye surpassed these crops in the dry matter yield by 0.10-0.30 t/ha and in the organic matter entry into the soil by 0.16-0.36 t/ha. Incorporation of green manures into a farming system contributed to the increase in the amount of nitrogen that is available to the succeeding crop from 0.17 to 1.73 mg/100 g, or 10.4 times. The most considerable increase in the amount of nitrogen was after sainfoin (13.5 times more) and vetch (12.3 times higher). The higher Р2О5 and К2О content in the soil was observed after phacelia used for green manure (3.27 and 32.7, respectively).

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Lato, Alina, Isidora Radulov, Adina Berbecea, Alina Neacsu, and Iaroslav Lato. "UREA FERTILIZERS EFFICIENCY UPON QUALITY PARAMETERS OF WINTER CROPS." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022v/6.2/s25.45.

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Nowadays, wheat is the most important food source worldwide and rapeseed has become one of the alternative sources of energy, that is, biofuel. In the current global economic context, the practice of intensive farming, by applying large amounts of fertilizers is no longer sustained, mostly because of the negative environmental impact and also because of the high prices of fertilizers. It is imperatively necessary to practice an efficient management of nitrogen fertilizer, in order to avoid both environmental and economic negative consequences in the future years. The cereals, as wheat and oil crops, as rapeseed are characterized from the point of view of quality parameters by their content in protein and oil. These two important quality parameters are strongly related by the nitrogen fertilization level, soil type, but also by the climate conditions during the vegetation period. The three experimental fields are located in the Banat Plain, in Western Romania, on different soil types having various fertility properties. The experiment is based on studying the effect of different urea fertilizers: with nitrification inhibitor and urease inhibitor versus classic urea, in different amounts. The conclusion reached is that the most efficient nitrogen fertilizer for wheat and rapeseed crops, was nitrification inhibitor urea.

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Ion, Viorel. "MAIZE BIOMASS YIELD AT DIFFERENT PRECEDING CROPS, ROW SPACING AND NITROGEN CONDITIONS." In 17th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2017. Stef92 Technology, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2017/42/s17.050.

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Thomas Harter, Harley Davis, Marsha C. Mathews, and Roland D. Meyer. "Monitoring Shallow Groundwater Nitrogen Loading from Dairy Facilities with Irrigated Forage Crops." In 2001 Sacramento, CA July 29-August 1,2001. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.3828.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Crops and nitrogen"

Mallarino, Antonio, Richard Cruse, Dan Jaynes, John Sawyer, and Pablo Barbieri. Impacts of Cover Crops on Phosphorus and Nitrogen Loss with Surface Runoff. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-1832.

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Nair, Ajay, and Vince Lawson. Quantifying Nitrogen Scavenging Benefits of Cover Crops in the Mississippi River Basin. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-2769.

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Nair, Ajay, Kathleen Delate, Georgeanne Artz, and Corene Bregendahl. Assessing Nitrogen Credits from Clover Cover Crops and Effects of Seed Inoculation. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-2791.

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Meischen, S. J., and K. R. Byrd. Nitrogen accumulation profiles of selected grain and vegetable crops: A bibliography (1940-1992). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10190381.

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Castellano, Mike J., Abraham G. Shaviv, Raphael Linker, and Matt Liebman. Improving nitrogen availability indicators by emphasizing correlations between gross nitrogen mineralization and the quality and quantity of labile soil organic matter fractions. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7597926.bard.

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A major goal in Israeli and U.S. agroecosystems is to maximize nitrogen availability to crops while minimizing nitrogen losses to air and water resources. This goal has presented a significant challenge to global agronomists and scientists because crops require large inputs of nitrogen (N) fertilizer to maximize yield, but N fertilizers are easily lost to surrounding ecosystems where they contribute to water pollution and greenhouse gas concentrations. Determination of the optimum N fertilizer input is complex because the amount of N produced from soil organic matter varies with time, space and management. Indicators of soil N availability may help to guide requirements for N fertilizer inputs and are increasingly viewed as indicators of soil health To address these challenges and improve N availability indicators, project 4550 “Improving nitrogen availability indicators by emphasizing correlations between gross nitrogen mineralization and the quality and quantity of labile organic matter fractions” addressed the following objectives: Link the quantity and quality of labile soil organic matter fractions to indicators of soil fertility and environmental quality including: i) laboratory potential net N mineralization ii) in situ gross N mineralization iii) in situ N accumulation on ion exchange resins iv) crop uptake of N from mineralized soil organic matter sources (non-fertilizer N), and v) soil nitrate pool size. Evaluate and compare the potential for hot water extractable organic matter (HWEOM) and particulate organic matter quantity and quality to characterize soil N dynamics in biophysically variable Israeli and U.S. agroecosystems that are managed with different N fertility sources. Ultimately, we sought to determine if nitrogen availability indicators are the same for i) gross vs. potential net N mineralization processes, ii) diverse agroecosystems (Israel vs. US) and, iii) management strategies (organic vs. inorganic N fertility sources). Nitrogen availability indicators significantly differed for gross vs. potential N mineralization processes. These results highlight that different mechanisms control each process. Although most research on N availability indicators focuses on potential net N mineralization, new research highlights that gross N mineralization may better reflect plant N availability. Results from this project identify the use of ion exchange resin (IERs) beads as a potential technical advance to improve N mineralization assays and predictors of N availability. The IERs mimic the rhizosphere by protecting mineralized N from loss and immobilization. As a result, the IERs may save time and money by providing a measurement of N mineralization that is more similar to the costly and time consuming measurement of gross N mineralization. In further search of more accurate and cost-effective predictors of N dynamics, Excitation- Emission Matrix (EEM) spectroscopy analysis of HWEOM solution has the potential to provide reliable indicators for changes in HWEOM over time. These results demonstrated that conventional methods of labile soil organic matter quantity (HWEOM) coupled with new analyses (EEM) may be used to obtain more detailed information about N dynamics. Across Israeli and US soils with organic and inorganic based N fertility sources, multiple linear regression models were developed to predict gross and potential N mineralization. The use of N availability indicators is increasing as they are incorporated into soil health assessments and agroecosystem models that guide N inputs. Results from this project suggest that some soil variables can universally predict these important ecosystem process across diverse soils, climate and agronomic management. BARD Report - Project4550 Page 2 of 249

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Lindfors, Axel, and Roozbeh Feiz. The current Nordic biogas and biofertilizer potential: An inventory of established feedstock and current technology. Linköping University Electronic Press, May 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/9789180752558.

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Biogas solutions in the Nordics is undergoing rapid developments and the demand for biogas is ever increasing because of the Russian war on Ukraine and the transition to fossil free industry and transportation. Furthermore, with the introduction of several multi-national companies into the biogas sector in the Nordics and with more and more biomethane being traded across national borders, it becomes increasingly important to view biogas solutions in the Nordics as a whole and to go beyond the confines of each individual nation. Since the transition and the current energy crisis require a quick response, understanding what could be done with current technologies and established substrates is important to guide decision-making in the short-term. This study aims to do just that by presenting the current biogas potential for the Nordics, including Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden. The potential was estimated for eight categories: food waste, manure, food industry waste, sludge from wastewater treatment, landscaping waste, straw, agricultural residues, and crops with negligible indirect land use effects (such as ley crops and intermediary crops). Two categories were excluded due to a lack of appropriate estimation procedures and time to develop such procedures, and these were marine substrates and forest industry waste. Furthermore, several categories are somewhat incomplete due to lack of data on the availability of substrates and their biogas characteristics. These include, for example, crops grown on Ecological focus areas, excess ley silage, damaged crops, and certain types of food industries. The specifics of each category is further detailed in Section 2 of the report. In the report, the biogas potential includes the biomethane potential, the nutrient potential, and the carbon dioxide production potential, capturing all outputs of a biogas plant. The results of the potential study show that the current biomethane potential for the Nordics is about 39 TWh (140 PJ) per year when considering the included biomass categories in the short-term perspective. In relation to current production, realizing this potential would mean a roughly fourfold increase in yearly production, meaning that a significant unexploited potential remains. On the nutrient side, the biogas system in the Nordics would, given the realization of the estimated potential, be of roughly the same size as current mineral fertilizer use (about 75 percent for nitrogen and 160 percent for phosphorous). While this represents the management of a significant portion of nutrients used in agriculture, the potential to replace or reduce mineral fertilizer use through biogas expansion remains unexplored in this study since a significant portion of nutrients come from biomass that is already used as fertilizer (e.g., manure). Finally, on the carbon dioxide side, about 4.2 million tonnes of carbon dioxide would be produced, which could be either captured and stored or captured and utilized, thereby further increasing the positive environmental effects associated with biogas solutions. In conclusion, there remains a large unexploited biogas potential in the Nordics, even when only considering current technologies and established feedstock that could be realized in the short-term (the theoretical potential is much larger since many substrate categories are excluded and the potential is limited to established technologies). Such a realization would bring large increases to biomethane production but would also mean that a significant amount of nutrients would be recirculated through the biogas system. This means that the biogas system has a key role to play in increasing both the food and energy security in the Nordic countries, in addition to its many positive environmental effects.

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Mallarino, Antonio P., Enrique Ortiz-Torres, and Kenneth T. Pecinovsky. Effects of Crop Rotation and Nitrogen Fertilization on Crop Production. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-138.

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Mallarino, Antonio P., and David Rueber. Impacts of Crop Rotation and Nitrogen Fertilization on Crop Production. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-458.

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Mallarino, Antonio P., and Kenneth T. Pecinovsky. Effects of Crop Rotation and Nitrogen Fertilization on Crop Production. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-493.

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Sawyer, John E., Jose L. Pantoja, and Daniel W. Barker. Nitrogen Fertilization of Corn Grown with a Cover Crop. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-1081.

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