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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Criminal enterprises"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 1 червня 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Criminal enterprises"

Žatecká, Eva. "Selected aspects of criminal liability of legal persons." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 61, no. 7 (2013): 2983–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201361072983.

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This paper will address issues of corporate criminal liability in terms of enterprises. Criminal liability of legal persons is now a major problem that must deal the enterprises with. The contribution points out the major issues associated with this topic when the legal person may be held criminally responsible and how we can prevent such criminal liability. This issue arises with several questions that need to be pointed out. For example, what are the conditions of the criminal liability of the enterprises, which criminal offenses can be committed, or is it possible to prevent such criminal responsibility, etc. These issues will be the subject of discussion and contribution to current findings. The issue is very new; we have the new act on criminal liability of legal persons effective from 1st January 2012, so the author hopes this paper brings some new solutions and possible matters for discussions.

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VLADIMIROV, KATYA. "RED BUCCANEERS: SOVIET CRIMINAL ENTERPRISES, 1950s." Canadian-American Slavic Studies 35, no. 2-3 (2001): 267–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/221023901x00389.

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Stelmakh, Vladimir Yu. "The Involvement of a Legal Entity in a Criminal Case." Russian judge 12 (December 10, 2020): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/1812-3791-2020-12-25-29.

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The article analyzes problematic aspects of representation of a legal entity in criminal proceedings. Representatives of a legal person may be all persons listed in the criminal procedure law, but the main representative is a member of the governing body, and the remaining persons are appointed by this body and are additional. Some decisions (for example, an application to initiate criminal proceedings on crimes listed in chapter 23 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation) are entitled to be submitted by the governing body as such, and not by its individual members. A distinction is made between the representation of a legal entity in unitary enterprises and joint-stock companies. The possibility of participation of representatives of the owner of a unitary enterprise as a representative of the victim is justified in cases where the director of the enterprise unsatisfactorily performs duties in criminal proceedings or is suspected of committing a crime.

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Tarasevich, Tetyana, and Vitaliy Lazarenko. "Criminal liability for bringing bankruptcy of certain business entities." Law Review of Kyiv University of Law, no. 2 (August 10, 2020): 378–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.36695/2219-5521.2.2020.72.

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The article distinguishes between financial insolvency and bankruptcy, which is recognized by the economic court as the debtor’sinability to satisfy monetary claims of creditors differently than through the application of the liquidation procedure. The legislation ofUkraine on criminal liability for bankruptcy provides for a fine of two thousand to three thousand non-taxable minimum incomes ofcitizens with the deprivation of the right to occupy certain positions or engage in certain activities for up to three years.Bringing an enterprise to bankruptcy, in particular state or state-owned, is very common in Ukraine and outwardly manifests itselfmainly as covert forms of privatization. Such actions against state-owned enterprises result not only in dubious privatization agreements,but also in the destruction of integral property complexes of strategically important objects for the state, a sharp rise in unemployment,and so on.The activity of agricultural enterprises plays an extremely important role in the development of the market economy of Ukraine,as it is caused by attracting a significant amount of investment in the economy of our country and improving the economic situation inUkraine. The share of agriculture in Ukraine’s GDP in 2019 was 8.9%, or almost 360 billion hryvnias.At the same time, for the bankruptcy of an agricultural or state-owned enterprise, the guilty person may be punished by a finewith restriction of the right to hold certain positions or engage in certain activities. The imposition of a penalty in the form of a finewith restriction of certain rights for the commission of this crime is not sufficient to achieve the purposes of punishment and entails aninjustice in the application of criminal law, which cannot be considered acceptable. Conclusions have been drawn on the need tostrengthen criminal liability for bankruptcy of an agricultural, state-owned enterprise and enterprise, in the authorized capital of whichthe share of state ownership exceeds 50 percent.

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Efimova, Anna I. "Illicit Transnational Enterprises and the State." Outlines of global transformations: politics, economics, law 11, no. 1 (April 4, 2018): 88–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.23932/2542-0240-2018-11-1-88-105.

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This article aims at contributing to the current debate over the effects of illicit transnational activities on states. Recent avenues of conceptualizing transnational organized crime call for defining it as an economic activity with the scope of profit, rather than a criminal activity. Illicit transnational business activities largely follow the trends in development of legal business. The transnational criminal enterprises emerged in parallel to the growth of multinational corporations, making use of the same opportunities as legal business did. The article discusses violence by illicit enterprises and reviews current theoretical debate on the linkages between illicit enterprises and the state. The paper then proceeds with an empirical analysis of the effects of the presence of illicit enterprises on state weakness. We have hypothesized that weak states may have higher presence of criminal businesses. The findings generally confirm significant correlation between the two variables. State fragility is positively correlated with the presence of organized crime. Testing these results against empirical evidence partially confirms the findings. However, this correlation might be weakened by the observation that the presence of illicit enterprises alone does not determine state fragility or strength.

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Paoli, Letizia. "Italian Organised Crime: Mafia Associations and Criminal Enterprises." Global Crime 6, no. 1 (February 2004): 19–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1744057042000297954.

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Kim, Chang-joon. "Punishment Systcm for Enterprises in China’s Criminal Law." Korean Journal of Comparative Criminal Law 13, no. 1 (July 2011): 301–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.23894/kjccl.2011.13.1.012.

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Agienko, Marina, Alexandr Naumov, Irina Gaag, and Yuriy Volgin. "Qualification of Labour Safety Criminal Violations at Russian Coal Mining Enterprises." E3S Web of Conferences 41 (2018): 04046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184104046.

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In this paper, the issues of qualification of criminal safety violations at coal mining enterprises are discussed in detail. Firstly, a number of articles of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation for qualification of these acts are defined. The differences between articles 143 and 216 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation with the analysis of a concrete example from judicial practice are considered. A similar procedure is carried out in the course of qualifying safety violations at coal mining enterprises under article 217 of the Criminal Code. In this work, the authors do not try to justify the need to decriminalize any articles of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, but try to work with the existing legislative framework so that the qualification rules formulated in the work can be used in practice. Also the authors formulate rules for the qualifications of the violations considered in this paper and propose amendments to the Criminal Code that do not require any “revolutionary” changes. A special difficulty is that there are no scientific recommendations on the qualification of criminal safety violations at coal mining enterprises.

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Harfield, Clive. "From Empire to Europe: Evolving British Policy in Respect of Cross-Border Crime." Journal of Policy History 19, no. 2 (April 2007): 180–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jph.2007.0011.

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The second half of the twentieth century witnessed the metamorphosis of Britain from a global, imperial power to a full (if sometimes ambivalent) member of the modern regional partnership that is the European Union (EU). During the same period, transnational criminal activity was transformed from an arena in which criminal fugitives sought merely to evade domestic justice through self-imposed exile to an environment in which improved travel and communication facilities enabled criminals to commute between national jurisdictions to commit crime or to participate in global criminal enterprises run along modern business lines. This development is so serious that it is considered in some quarters a threat to national security and the very fabric of society.

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Enderwick, Peter. "Understanding cross-border crime: the value of international business research." critical perspectives on international business 15, no. 2/3 (May 7, 2019): 119–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cpoib-01-2019-0006.

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Purpose Based on a considerable degree of commonality between multinational enterprises (MNEs) and cross-border criminal organisations, the purpose of this paper is to identify ways and areas in which international business (IB) research could be of value in improving understanding of the operations of cross-border criminal organisations and in the development of effective countermeasures to global crime. Design/methodology/approach A review of the characteristics of legitimate MNEs and cross-border criminal organisations is undertaken to assess the applicability of IB research approaches in understanding the strategies and structures of organised criminal groups. Findings Despite some obvious differences there appears to be sufficient commonality between legitimate and illegitimate international commerce so that the firm-centric focus of IB research could provide valuable insights complementing the policy-oriented approach of criminology. Some adaptation of IB research tools may be required. The exchange is not one-way: studies of cross-border crime also offer lessons for IB scholars. Research limitations/implications IB scholarly work on cross-border crime could enrich both the fields of IB and transnational criminology. Better understanding of criminal enterprises could also facilitate the design of more effective interdiction policies. Originality/value Despite their commonalities and interactions, the two sectors of international enterprise have developed separately, and this paper identifies and explores possible synergies between the two.

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Дисертації з теми "Criminal enterprises"

Twisdale, Jerry Allen. "Exploring SME Vulnerabilities to Cyber-criminal Activities Through Employee Behavior and Internet Access." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5428.

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Cybercriminal activity may be a relatively new concern to small and medium enterprises (SMEs), but it has the potential to create financial and liability issues for SME organizations. The problem is that SMEs are a future growth target for cybercrime activity as larger corporations begin to address security issues to reduce cybercriminal risks and vulnerabilities. The purpose of this study was to explore a small business owner's knowledge about to the principal elements of decision making for SME investment into cybersecurity education for employees with respect to internet access and employee vulnerabilities. The theoretical framework consisted of the psychological studies by Bandura and Jaishankar that might affect individual decision making in terms of employee risks created through internet use. This qualitative case study involved a participant interview and workplace observations to solicit a small rural business owner's knowledge of cybercriminal exploitation of employees through internet activities such as social media and the potential exploitation of workers by social engineers. Word frequency analysis of the collected data concluded that SME owners are ill equipped to combat employee exploitation of their business through social engineering. Qualitative research is consistent with understanding the decision factors for cost, technical support, and security threat prevention SME organizational leadership use and is the focus of this study as emergent themes. The expectation is that this study will aid in the prevention of social engineering tactics against SME employees and provide a platform for future research for SMEs and cybercriminal activity prevention.

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Jain, Neha. "Theorising the doctrine of Joint Criminal Enterprise in international criminal law." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:0842f8d6-1d0f-47ef-aea3-7e1b204e3d3b.

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This thesis develops a theoretical account of the basis and justification for the doctrine of Joint Criminal Enterptise in international criminal law by examining principles governing the ascription of criminal responsibility in English and German criminal law. The first part consists of a comprehensive review of the development of the JCE doctrine, including its historical antecedents, its initial formulation by the ICTY, its subsequent explication by tribunals and academics, and recent alternatives doctrines proposed by the ICC and by commentators. It identifies the main loopholes and contradictions in the construction of these theories, and presents factual scenarios for which these theories, particularly JCE, either have no answers, or problematic ones. The second part examines whether any of the variants of JCE can be justified as principal responsibility. It first identifies elements that distinguish international crimes from their domestic counterparts, and which are pertinent in developing an account of criminal responsibility for international crimes. It also examines the concept of perpetration responsibility in English and German criminal law and theory. It then combines the insights gleaned from these analyses to conclude that only JCE I can be appropriately considered as perpetrator responsibility and proposes a modified version of the doctrine of Organisationsherrschaft in German criminal law as a more accurate characterisation of the role and function of high level participants in mass atrocity. The final part focuses on the concept of accomplice responsibility in German and English criminal law and doctrine to address whether JCE II and JCE III can be justified as modes of secondary criminal responsibility. It concludes that JCE II and JCE III can be retained as distinct modes of accomplice liability using expressive and risk justifications, provided their operation is limited in ways that correspond to principles of secondary responsibility in domestic jurisdictions.

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Lord, Sofia. "Joint criminal enterprise and the international criminal court : a comparison between joint criminal enterprise and the modes of liability in joint commission in crime under the Rome Statute; can the International Criminal Court apply joint criminal enterprise as a mode of liability?" Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-95847.

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Krebs, Beatrice. "Joint criminal enterprise in English and German law." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:34e2c466-33c0-45ea-8790-338c4f4c893d.

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This thesis explores the English doctrine of joint criminal enterprise by way of a comparative study. Joint enterprise allows for the conviction of an accomplice (S) of an offence (crime B) committed by his associate-in-crime (P) on the basis of S's foresight of its commission by P as a possible incident to their joint criminal venture (crime A). While it is generally accepted that this common law principle needs reforming, successive governments have declined to take on the task. Against this backdrop, this thesis explores whether the contentious features of joint enterprise liability might be reformed by way of common law development. To this end, the thesis examines the doctrine's constituent elements, its function, underlying rationale and place within the structure of primary and secondary liability. Particular emphasis is put on the specific problems associated with the application of joint enterprise liability in the context of murder. Looking at the functional equivalents of joint enterprise in German law, the thesis challenges the orthodox view that joint enterprise is a head of liability available to the prosecution alongside co-perpetration and aiding and abetting. Indeed, it argues that an inculpatory function of the principle is difficult to justify and suggests that, both historically and as a matter of principle, it is better seen as an exculpatory device aimed at delineating the scope of co-perpetration and aiding and abetting. The thesis concludes that the current law does not serve this function very well, as its mens rea threshold (some form of recklessness, when proof of intention is needed to convict the principal offender) sets the hurdle for conviction of secondary parties indefensibly low. Informed by ideas taken from German law - especially an extended concept of intention known as dolus eventualis - the thesis's principal contention is that English law would do better defining joint enterprise liability in terms of foresight plus endorsement. Indeed, the thesis aims to show that English law was very close to such a conception, and that the common law took a wrong turn in Powell. It concludes that it is still open to the Supreme Court to adopt an endorsement-focussed approach to joint enterprise liability, thereby alleviating concerns that the law in this area is too harsh and over-inclusive, and bringing it closer to the threshold of liability for principal offenders which requires proof of intention. Such an approach would also make the law of complicity more principled and coherent.

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Giuriati, Tommaso. "Les évolutions contemporaines du Milieu français (1994-2006). Une étude des archives de la Cour d'Appel d'Aix-en-Provence." Thesis, Corte, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021CORT0018.

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A partir de la notion de milieu criminel et de celle de mafia, la thèse prend en examen 94 affaires d’association de malfaiteurs jugés à la Cour d’Appel d'Aix-en-Provence pour décrire les évolutions du grand banditisme français, et notamment corso-marseillais. Ce dernier est réputé comme le plus important en France, grâce à sa présence de longue date et son organisation autochtone. Nous souhaitons confronter la notion française de “grand banditisme” à celles internationales de “criminalité organisée” et de “mafia”, afin de comprendre les évolutions de ces groupes en termes d’organisations, de réseaux et de pouvoir.Dans la première partie, après avoir présenté la méthodologie, l’on passe en revue les mythes qui informent une grande partie de la littérature généraliste sur le changement social dans les groupes criminels, puis l’on analyse la législation récente concernant les groupes criminels. Dans la deuxième,l’on prend en examen la composition sociale de la population construite à partir des dossiers, la structure des entreprises délictueuses enfin la structure du réseau défini par ces groupes.Parmi les principaux résultats, la thèse montre la présence de formes de gouvernance extra-légale sur les marchés illicites français, où la position d’autorité est mise en lumière par la détection de trous structuraux au sein du réseau général, ce qui représente une première forme d’organisation de type mafieux dans plusieurs études anglo-saxonnes et italiennes
: Based on the notion of criminal milieu and mafia, thethesis examines 94 cases of criminal conspiracy tried at the Court of Appeal of Aix-en-Provence todescribe the evolution of French organized crime, particularly Corso-Marseille. The latter is reputedto be the most important in France, thanks to its long-standing presence and its indigenousorganisation. We wish to confront the French notion of "grand banditism" with the internationalnotions of "organised crime" and "mafia", in order to understand the evolution of these groups interms of organisation, networks and power.In the first part, after presenting the methodology, the myths that inform much of the generalliterature on social change in criminal groups are reviewed, followed by an analysis of recentlegislation concerning criminal groups. The second examines the social composition of the populationconstructed from the records, the structure of criminal enterprises and the network structure definedby these groups.Among the main results, the thesis shows the presence of extra-legal forms of governance in theFrench illicit markets, where the position of authority is highlighted by the detection of structural holeswithin the general network, which represents a first form of mafia-like organisation in several AngloSaxon and Italian studies

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Morselli, Carlo. "Contacts, opportunities, and crime, relational foundations of criminal enterprise." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ62100.pdf.

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GASPARINI, IRENE. "LA PERSECUZIONE DEI CRIMINI INTERNAZIONALI TRA MECCANISMI DI IMPUTAZIONE COLLETTIVA E RESPONSABILITÀ PENALE PERSONALE: LO STRANO CASO DELLA ‘JOINT CRIMINAL ENTERPRISE’." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/35755.

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La ricerca affronta una particolare forma di responsabilità concorsuale per crimini internazionali chiamata ‘joint criminal enterprise’ (JCE), creata dal Tribunale Penale Internazionale per l’ex-Yugoslavia. Il perno attorno al quale la ricerca si svolge è la suscettibilità di un tale criterio di imputazione di trasformarsi in un veicolo di responsabilità penale collettiva. Al fine di discutere dei punti di frizione di questo meccanismo ascrittivo con il fondamentale principio di responsabilità penale individuale e colpevole, l’autrice si propone di tracciare innanzitutto una cornice teorica più ampia. Il punto di partenza va individuato nella polarizzazione tra due forze che agiscono in senso opposto: una macro-dimensione, composta da fattori collettivizzanti (fattore storico, sistemico e teleologico), e una micro-dimensione che tenta di comprimere la responsabilità penale nei rigidi confini della colpevolezza. Collocata dunque al centro della “tensione” tra queste due forze opposte, la ‘joint criminal enterprise’ rivela i suoi caratteri più problematici, specialmente con riferimento ai requisiti di un nesso eziologico “indiretto” e a un elemento soggettivo fortemente indebolito. Addentrandosi infine nell’analisi comparata di sistemi di common law e civil law, l’autrice propone all’interprete internazionale diverse argomentazioni e correttivi al fine di un’applicazione della JCE che sia maggiormente conforme al principio di responsabilità penale personale e colpevole.
The thesis discusses a particularly problematic mode of liability for international crimes: the doctrine of ‘joint criminal enterprise’ (JCE) created by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia. The core issue is the suitability of this mechanism of attribution to turn into a vehicle of collective criminal responsibility. In order to discuss its points of friction with the principle of individual culpability, the author designs a broader theoretical framework. The point of departure is a polarization between two opposing forces: a macro-dimension of collectivizing factors (historical, contextual and teleological) and a micro-dimension that strives to contain liability into the strict boundaries of individual guilt. Placed within the “strain” between these two opposing forces, JCE reveals its highly problematic features, especially in relation to the requirements of an indirect causal nexus and a very weak mens rea. Finally, by venturing into a comparative analysis of common law/civil law domestic systems, the author proposes to the international interpreter several arguments and correctives in order to apply JCE liability in a manner that is more consistent with the fundamental principle of individual culpability.

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Haan, Verena. "Joint Criminal Enterprise : die Entwicklung einer mittäterschaftlichen Zurechnungsfigur im Völkerstrafrecht /." Berlin : Duncker & Humblot, 2008. http://d-nb.info/989771830/04.

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Barthe, Christoph. "Joint Criminal Enterprise (JCE) ein (originär) völkerstrafrechtliches Haftungsmodell mit Zukunft?" Berlin Duncker & Humblot, 2008. http://d-nb.info/992076498/04.

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Barthe, Christoph. "Joint Criminal Enterprise (JCE) : ein (originär) völkerstrafrechtliches Haftungsmodell mit Zukunft? /." Berlin : Duncker & Humblot, 2009. http://d-nb.info/992076498/04.

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Книги з теми "Criminal enterprises"

1940-, Finn Peter, and United States. Bureau of Justice Statistics, eds. Prosecuting criminal enterprises. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 1993.

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Criminal entrepreneurship. New York: Nova Science, 2009.

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Gurulé, Jimmy. Complex criminal litigation: Prosecuting drug enterprises and organized crime. Charlottesville, Va: Michie, 1996.

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Gurulé, Jimmy. Complex criminal litigation: Prosecuting drug enterprises and organized crime. 2nd ed. New York: LEXIS Pub., 2000.

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Bock, Dennis. Criminal Compliance. Baden-Baden: Nomos, 2011.

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Criminal enterprise. London: Corvus, 2014.

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Criminal enterprise. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 2013.

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Qin fan gong si qi ye zhi du fan zui yan jiu. Chongqing: Chongqing chu ban she, 2003.

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Towards corporate liability in International criminal law. Antwerp: Intersentia, 2010.

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Bertossa, Carlo Antonio. Unternehmensstrafrecht: Strafprozess und Sanktionen. Bern: Stämpfli, 2003.

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Частини книг з теми "Criminal enterprises"

Hallet, Lauryn. "Agreements Protecting Lives on Interplanetary Enterprises (ALIEN): Tailoring a Mars Criminal Justice System." In Assessing a Mars Agreement Including Human Settlements, 1–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65013-1_1.

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Manacorda, Stefano. "The “Dilemma” of Criminal Compliance for Multinational Enterprises in a Fragmented Legal World." In Corporate Compliance on a Global Scale, 67–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81655-1_4.

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Bertrand, Romain. "Governor Sutiyoso’s “Wars on Vice”: Criminal Enterprises, Islamist Militias, and Political Power in Jakarta." In Organized Crime and States, 73–96. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230110038_4.

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Prowse, C. E. "Criminal Enterprise." In Defining Street Gangs in the 21st Century, 31–36. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4307-0_4.

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Osterburg, James W., Richard H. Ward, and Larry S. Miller. "Enterprise Crime." In Criminal Investigation, 487–512. 8 Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2019. | Revised edition of Criminal investigation, [2014]: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429259692-24.

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Stell, Lance K. "A Call to Stop Treating Doctors Like Delinquent Adolescents and Medical Product Companies Like Criminal Enterprises." In Philosophy and Medicine, 65–91. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-0979-6_5.

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Hildebrand, G. W. "Enterprise Crime." In Criminal Investigation on the Street, 562–613. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315411736-14.

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Schroeder, Paul W. "Napoleon’s Foreign Policy: a Criminal Enterprise." In Systems, Stability, and Statecraft: Essays on the International History of Modern Europe, 23–35. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-06138-6_2.

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Atenasio, David. "Collective responsibility and joint criminal enterprise." In Routledge Handbook of Ethics and International Relations, 54–64. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315725932-6.

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"Nigerian Criminal Enterprises." In Identity Theft Handbook, 57–71. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119203162.ch5.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Criminal enterprises"

Oakley, Jonathan, Carl Worley, Lu Yu, Richard Brooks, and Anthony Skjellum. "Unmasking Criminal Enterprises: An Analysis of Bitcoin Transactions." In 2018 13th International Conference on Malicious and Unwanted Software (MALWARE). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/malware.2018.8659357.

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Берберова, Мария, Mariya Berberova, Антон Обоймов, Anton Oboimov, Аида Хакимова, Aida Khakimova, Олег Золотарев, and Oleg Zolotarev. "Risk-informed Security System. The Use of Surveillance Cameras for the Particularly Hazardous Facilities Safety." In 29th International Conference on Computer Graphics, Image Processing and Computer Vision, Visualization Systems and the Virtual Environment GraphiCon'2019. Bryansk State Technical University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/graphicon-2019-2-321-325.

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In the context of a difficult criminal situation in the world, taking into account the globalization of world development processes, international political and economic relations, which pose new risks for the development of the individual, society and the state. In the Russian Federation, as well as throughout the world, threats to the safety of industrial facilities are steadily increasing. Moreover, in connection with the improvement of organization and the expansion of the technical equipment of potential violators (terrorists, extremists, etc.), the improvement of methods and methods of illegal actions, issues related to the rationalization of technologies aimed at protecting vital interests and resources of enterprises. One of such technologies includes the creation of an effective automated security system and counteraction against unauthorized entry of individuals - a physical protection system, technically based on a set of engineering and technical means. The process of designing a set of engineering and technical means of a physical protection system for industrial facilities includes two main stages: conceptual and detailed design, and the optimality of design and engineering solutions in general depends on the successful implementation of work at the conceptual design stage. The assessment of the scale of the intruder's invasion is characterized by the time spent by the intruders in the control zone by television cameras, their tactics of overcoming this zone, time of day, illumination, etc. In this work, we use the analysis of images obtained from surveillance cameras.

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Milova, I. "Prevention Of Criminal Corporate Raiding." In 18th International Scientific Conference “Problems of Enterprise Development: Theory and Practice”. European Publisher, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2020.04.119.

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Wang, Junmei. "Research on Criminal Compliance and Criminal Risk Prevention in Construction and Real Estate Enterprise." In International Conference on Construction and Real Estate Management 2021. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784483848.096.

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Belyakov, A. "Some Legal Problems Of Bringing To Criminal Responsibility For Corruption Crimes." In 18th International Scientific Conference “Problems of Enterprise Development: Theory and Practice”. European Publisher, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2020.04.38.

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Lindskog, Staffan, and Rolf Sjo¨blom. "Radiological, Technical and Financial Planning for Decommissioning of Small Nuclear Facilities in Sweden." In ASME 2009 12th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2009-16177.

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On November 1st 2008, a new ordinance came into force in Sweden. It extends the implementation of nuclear liability to all nuclear facilities and companies, regardless of size. The Government has authorized the Swedish Radiation Safety Authority (SSM) to issue further regulation as warranted and appropriate, and commissioned the same Authority to oversee the implementation. Consequently, SSM is presently conducting research in order to establish a basis for the implementation of the ordinance to smaller facilities and enterprises. The goal is to enable finance to be assured in an efficient manner so that any burden on the companies is as small as possible. Thus, “functional requirements” are identified, and used as a basis for various investigations. The aspects include technical and cost calculation prerequisites, as well as various domains of law: the environmental code, radiation and nuclear safety, financial reporting, and criminal law. It is found that the basis for the differentiation among the facility operators and owners should be the cost and the associated uncertainty. Thus, a cost calculation will have to be carried out by all. It should be based on available standards and guidance documents. It is found that this is a requirement that already exists elsewhere in the legislation, and thus no additional burden is imposed on the companies. It is found that segregated funds is the preferred option for long-term liabilities. Securities are suitable for short-term liabilities provided that the economy of the company in question is sound. Securities might also be used for long-term liabilities to cover uncertainty. It is proposed that a de minimis limit of at least kSEK 25 (about k€ 2, 4 and k$ 3, 4) is used. An important reason for this is that lower limits might be incompatible with the rules for financial reporting. It is also proposed that securities might be used also for long-term commitments if the total environmental liability does not exceed 1,00 MSEK (about k€ 96 and k$ 135). It is found that the “general advice” that must be used by smaller companies lacks proper instructions on how to account for environmental liability whilst at the same time it prohibits the use of e g the international reporting standards IFRS/IAS. It is also found that the “general advice” prohibits distribution of costs for research and development over time. This might be incompatible with a fund system where considerable research may be necessary at the early stages of the work and often many years before the actual decommissioning is to take place. The rules in the penal code require that an annual report presents an “essentially correct financial situation”. One of the interpretations to this statement is that a deviance of at most 30% might be tolerated. Although previous work has indicated that the error in cost estimates need not be higher than about 15%, even for research facilities, concealed cost raisers may from time to time lead to much larger errors, even when best practices are being used. It is therefore essential that decommissioning planning and cost predictions are made in accordance with state of the art, and that the estimating methods as well as the results are properly documented.

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Verdi, Titik Prasetyowati, Jamal Wiwoho, and I. Gusti Ayu Ketut Rachmi Handayani. "Valuation of the Loss of State Owned Enterprise as the State Losses Based on the Object of Economic Criminal Accountability Perspective." In International Conference on Environmental and Energy Policy (ICEEP 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.211014.056.

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Bakırtaş, Tahsin, and Orhan Kandemir. "Mass Migration Process between Turkey’s Eastern Regions and Seaboard-Western Regions." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c01.00185.

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In the study, the aim is to analyze the economic causes of the migration phenomenon that is the most important problem of today’s Turkey, and to suggest different policy proposals for the solution of the problem. Within this frame, by accepting sixteen cities that receive high rates of migration according to arithmetical average of 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 periods indicated in the Address-Based Population Registration System as “center of attraction”, migration movements from eastern cities and from cities apart from eastern cities (western cities) to these sixteen cities of “center of attraction” were analyzed separately. In order to explain migration that oriented to centers of attraction, a multiple regression model that is convenient with international literature was formed. In this model, the number of enterprise that represents employment opportunity, the number of green card holders that represents poverty related to low income, the number of illiterates that represents lack of education and lastly the number of criminals that represents unrest were taken as independent variables. According to analysis results, independent variables that are used in the model explained migration process in both eastern cities and western cities as above 90%. On the other hand, when the coefficient rates of independent variables are examined, it was revealed that the most important determinant in economic migration is the employment opportunity. Consequently, making only income increasing social aids in regions where migration to other cities takes place is not sufficient; in addition to that, increasing employment opportunities is a healthier and a long-term solution.

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