Готові списки джерел за темами / Continuum de soin

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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Continuum de soin"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 20 квітня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Continuum de soin"

Buisson, Monique, and Françoise Bloch. "Prendre soin de ses petits-enfants, c’est donner, recevoir et rendre." I. Lien familial et relations obligées, no. 28 (October 27, 2015): 15–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1033800ar.

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Les auteures montrent, à propos de la prise en charge des enfants par les grands-parents d’une seule ou des deux lignées, comment naissent et s’entretiennent des sentiments d’obligation dans les relations conjugales et intergénérationnelles, et comment ces sentiments reflètent ce que chacun réitère ou refuse de l’histoire du couple parental ou beau-parental. La prise en charge des enfants inscrit les relations obligataires dans un continuum où chaque conjoint prend place dans sa généalogie en occupant à son tour une place de père ou de mère tout à la fois semblable à celle de ses parents et différente; ces relations d’emprise sont constitutives du lien social familial.

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Colinet, Séverine. "Quelles prises de responsabilités ? Recherche comparative entre élèves scolarisés à l’hôpital et élèves scolarisés hors contexte hospitalier." Revue des sciences de l’éducation 41, no. 1 (July 2, 2015): 135–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1031475ar.

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Cette recherche a pour objectif de comprendre comment les prises de responsabilité s’exercent chez les élèves scolarisés dans le contexte de l’école à l’hôpital et chez ceux qui sont scolarisés à l’école. Afin de concourir à la mise en oeuvre d’une normalisation de la scolarité à l’hôpital, les prises de responsabilité doivent se décentrer du soin et s’inscrire en continuum sur l’ensemble des activités scolaires et non scolaires, au sein ou hors du contexte hospitalier. Notre enquête qualitative s’est fondée sur des entretiens exploratoires, des observations, des entretiens semi-directifs auprès d’élèves hospitalisés et non hospitalisés, d’enseignants et des parents. Un mini-journal a été rédigé par les élèves. Les résultats portent sur une analyse des formes de responsabilités qui ont été dégagées des types de perceptions issus des discours. Il existe différentes formes de prises de responsabilité, plus ou moins en adéquation avec le cadre législatif prônant l’éducation à la responsabilité.

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Neu-Stein, Sophie. "L’évaluation des compétences, facteur de performance ? Quels enjeux pour le cadre de santé ?" Projectics / Proyéctica / Projectique Hors Série, HS1 (June 26, 2023): 105–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/proj.hs04.0105.

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L’hôpital est une organisation complexe en pleine mutation (innovation, digitalisation, renouvellement des méthodes de travail et de management) relevant désormais d’un « continuum » d’adaptations et d’imprévus. La gestion des compétences (les savoirs, les savoir-faire, les règles et comportements professionnels, les valeurs…) est ainsi devenue un élément clé dans la recherche de la performance. Dans un contexte de recherche permanente de la performance, la fonction du cadre, au centre de toutes les tensions, passe ainsi de la surveillance à celle de gestion avec le souci permanent d’optimisation en proposant des processus de structuration, de création de sens dans la gestion des actions à mener pour établir ou rétablir une stabilité et un équilibre pour l’équipe qu’il dirige. Au cœur de ce domaine de réflexion, il a paru opportun de s’intéresser à la thématique de l’évaluation considérée comme une activité banale, liée à des processus d’apprentissage et de formation. Cette pratique de l’évaluation, certes légitime et nécessaire, se doit toutefois d’être en phase avec les défis de l’époque et soumet nécessairement l’hôpital à l’épreuve d’un nouveau management caractérisé par le développement de l’efficience, l’engagement et l’adaptabilité des acteurs. La démarche évaluation liée au management des compétences a pour particularité de projeter — individuellement et collectivement — les acteurs dans l’avenir. La situation sans précédent générée par la Covid-19 a renforcé et amplifié cette réflexion. La gestion des ressources humaines est ainsi au cœur des interrogations, rivière du soin caractérisé par l’existence d’un nouvel environnement dicté notamment par le progrès des technologies, les attentes grandissantes des patients et un nouveau rapport au travail : les malades changent, leurs attentes sont grandissantes ; le rapport au travail change, et enfin le progrès médical s’accélère : de nouvelles charges pour le management. Par ailleurs, les enjeux hospitaliers s’inspirent de plus en plus, et non seulement dans le vocabulaire, des modèles de performance managériale et d’innovation technologique issues du monde de l’entreprise pour les intégrer dans les processus de production de soins. Les nouvelles méthodes de management sont aujourd’hui omniprésentes dans les discours qui entourent l’hôpital. Les injonctions à la performance sont centrales et encouragent le développement de nouveaux modes de management : développement de la polyvalence et de « l’apprenance », management « agile ». Dans cet article, réalisé à partir d’un mémoire, nous sommes amenés à répondre à la question suivante : en quoi l’évaluation des compétences de l’équipe contribue-t-elle à améliorer la performance ?

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Luthy, Christophe, Cathy Di Silvestro, Anne-Françoise Allaz, and Amina Chouiter. "Soins de support et soins palliatifs, un continuum." Revue Médicale Suisse 3, no. 123 (2007): 1984. http://dx.doi.org/10.53738/revmed.2007.3.123.1984.

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Abedzadeh, Farzad, and Ronald Y. S. Pak. "Continuum Mechanics of Lateral Soil–Pile Interaction." Journal of Engineering Mechanics 130, no. 11 (November 2004): 1309–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9399(2004)130:11(1309).

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Goldsmith, Gregory R. "Changing directions: the atmosphere-plant-soil continuum." New Phytologist 199, no. 1 (May 28, 2013): 4–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nph.12332.

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Coetzee, C. J. "Discrete and continuum modelling of soil cutting." Computational Particle Mechanics 1, no. 4 (April 29, 2014): 409–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40571-014-0014-7.

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Gerasimov, A. S. "Thermorheological model of a frozen-soil continuum." Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering 34, no. 4 (July 1997): 110–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02465942.

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Senbayram, Mehmet, Andreas Gransee, Verena Wahle, and Heike Thiel. "Role of magnesium fertilisers in agriculture: plant–soil continuum." Crop and Pasture Science 66, no. 12 (2015): 1219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp15104.

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In this review, we summarise factors contributing to plant availability of magnesium (Mg) in soils, the role of Mg in plant physiological processes related to yield formation and abiotic stress tolerance, and soil and fertiliser parameters related to Mg leaching in fertilised soils. Mg is a common constituent in many minerals, comprising 2% of Earth’s crust; however, most soil Mg (90–98%) is incorporated in the crystal lattice structure of minerals and thus not directly available for plant uptake. Plants absorb Mg from the soil solution, which is slowly replenished by soil reserves. Duration and intensity of weathering, soil moisture, soil pH, and root–microbial activity in soil are key factors that determine plant-available Mg release from soils. On the other hand, the amount of Mg released from soil minerals is generally small compared with the amounts needed to sustain high crop yield and quality. Thus, in many agro-ecosystems, application of Mg fertilisers is crucial. Magnesium is involved in many physiological and biochemical processes; it is an essential element for plant growth and development and plays a key role in plant defence mechanisms in abiotic stress situations. An early effect of Mg deficiency in plants is the disturbed partitioning of assimilates between roots and shoots because the supply of sink organs with photosynthetic products is impaired, and sugars accumulate in source leaves. Thus, optimal supply of Mg is required to improve crop tolerance to various stresses and to increase yield and quality parameters of harvested products. Unlike other cations, Mg is very mobile in soils because it is less bound to the soil charges. Therefore, Mg losses by leaching might occur in sandy soils with high water conductivity. Leaching of Mg in soils when applied with various water-soluble fertilisers may also vary depending on the fertiliser’s chemical composition, granule size, and effect on soil pH and cation balance, as we discuss in detail.

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Kiefer, A., and P. Léger. "Semi-continuum seismic analysis of soil–building systems." Engineering Structures 21, no. 4 (April 1999): 332–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0141-0296(97)00180-6.

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Continuum de soin"

Luong, Nguyen Liêm Binh. "Modélisation et analyse en coût-efficacité des stratégies de prévention, de dépistage et de traitement de l'infection par le VIH à Ndhiwa, Kenya." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris Cité, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UNIP5233.

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Médecin Sans Frontière (MSF) intervient depuis les années 1980 à Ndhiwa, un sous-comté du Sud-Ouest du Kenya, où sévit une épidémie généralisée de VIH, avec une prévalence à 24% et une incidence à 2,2/100 personnes année (PA). Conformément aux objectifs de l’ONUSIDA 90-90-90, puis 95-95-95, MSF a décidé de mettre en place différentes interventions pour diminuer l’incidence de l’infection par le VIH. Dans un premier temps, nous avons développé un modèle mathématique de la transmission et de l’histoire naturelle de l’infection par le VIH à Ndhiwa afin d’étudier l’efficacité et le coût efficacité de trois niveaux d’interventions sur le continuum de soin. Nous avons ainsi estimé qu’en maintenant l’offre de soins à son niveau actuel, sans intervention, l’incidence de l’infection par le VIH diminuerait à 1,51/100 PA en 2032, tandis que seules les interventions de rétention et la combinaison de toutes les stratégies faisaient baisser l’incidence respectivement à 1,03/100 PA et 0,75/100 PA. Comparé au standard de soins, la stratégie de rétention avait un rapport incrémental de coût-efficacité de 130€/année de vie gagnée (AVG) tandis que La combinaison des interventions atteint un ICER de 370€/AVG. Dans un deuxième temps, nous avons modélisé l’efficacité d’une intervention qui améliorerait le continuum de soin de 90-90-90 à 95-95-95, comparée à une intervention qui implémenterait une prophylaxie pré-exposition (PrEP) sur une population à haut risque avec un taux de couverture de 10%. Nous estimons que dans une épidémie généralisée où le continuum de soin atteint 90-90-90, l’amélioration du continuum de soin à 95-95-95 est plus efficace que la PrEP pour diminuer l’incidence de l’infection par le VIH En conclusion, les résultats de notre travail soulignent les effets synergiques e très coût-efficace d’interventions multimodales sur le continuum de soin, et leur rôle important aussi important que la PrEP pour diminuer l’incidence de l’infection par le VIH
Médecin Sans Frontière (MSF) have been working since the early 1980’s on HIV care delivery in Ndhiwa, a rural sub-county in Southwest Kenya. This area suffers from a generalized HIV epidemic, with 24% prevalence and 2.2/100 person years (PY) incidence. In line with the UNAIDS 90-90-90 and 95-95-95 targets, MSF has implemented interventions to decrease HIV incidence. In the first part of this work, we have developped a mathematical model of HIV natural history and transmission in Ndhiwa to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of three different interventions on HIV continuum of care. We estimated than current standard of care would decrease HIV incidence to 1.51/100 PY in 2032, whereas only retention intervention and combined interventions would further decrease HIV incidence to 1.03/100 PY and 0,75/100 PY, respectively. Compared to standard of care, retention to care intervention has an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of 130€/years of live saved (YLS) whereas combined intervention has an ICER of 370€/YLS. In the second part, we modeled the effectiveness of the improvement of continuum of care from 90-90-90 to 95-95-95, compared with a Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) intervention with 10% coverage in high-risk group. We found that in the context of generalized epidemic where continuum of care reach 90-90-90, an improvement to 95-95-95 would be more effective than PrEP to decrease incidence. To conclude, combined interventions on HIV continuum of care have synergic effects and are very cost-effective. We also underlined the importance of maintaining a high level continuum of care to decrease HIV incidence, which is as important as PrEP to fight the HIV pandemic

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Park, Soojin. "Modelling soil-landform continuum on a three-dimensional hillslope." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670238.

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Williams, Jonathan Simon. "Fate and transport of lignin in the soil-water continuum." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/2668.

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Vascular plants comprise 20-30% lignin, constituting a considerable organic input to soils. Lignin is not necessarily preserved in soils, but the fate of its decomposition products in the wider environment is not well understood. Therefore, the overarching hypothesis tested herein was that a significant proportion of lignin is solubilised and lost from soils by transport in water. Solid phase extraction was used to extract lignin phenols from dissolved organic matter (DOM) from water outlets adjacent to major land use types (grazed grassland, deciduous woodland, and moorland) and compared to the lignin phenols from representative vegetation types, animal dungs and soils from each land use type. The phenols were identified and quantified using thermally assisted hydrolysis and methylation using tetramethylammonium hydroxide. Leachates from lysimeters treated with four vegetation types (grass, buttercup, ash, and oak) were sampled in a 22 month chronosequence, showing that some of the dominant phenols detected in the vegetation were also dominant in the respective DOM. A proportional relationship between increasing temperature and loss of representative lignin phenols in DOM was observed. Comparison of the dominant phenols in vegetation, soil and water sampled from field sites suggested specific lignin phenols could be used as biomarkers for different land uses. The concentrations of organic carbon-normalised total lignin phenols in the soils were similar to those in water, indicating that a considerable proportion of lignin in soils is lost via leaching. There was no significant difference in losses of lignin phenols between each land use type. Application of different rates of dissolved lignin to lysimeters indicated that the amount of water added was a dominant driver of transport through soil over 16 days, and that molecular structure also influenced transport rates of individual phenols. The impact of this research is that climate change (increased precipitation and warming) may significantly affect the loss of lignin by increased solubilisation and leaching from soils.

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Busato, Laura. "Non-invasive monitoring and numerical modeling of the Soil-Plant continuum." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3425720.

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The Earth’s critical zone (ECZ) is the near-surface domain that regulates the availability of most life-sustaining resources. Among all the subdomains of the ECZ, a crucial role is played by the Soil-Plant continuum (SP), as it is a major performer of the exchanges of mass and energy between soil and plants (and then atmosphere). However, despite its importance and its strong interconnection with human activity, the characterization of this subdomain is still in an early stage, mainly because of the lack of spatial and temporal information regarding the occurring processes. To overcome this issue, we present the combination of geophysical measurements and hydrological modeling in the framework of a hydrogeophysical approach, with the aim of characterizing the active root zone, i.e. the portion of the root system involved in the water uptake. In fact, the water uptake is performed by root hair, the microscopic cell outgrowths whose location is difficult (if not impossible) also after the removal of the root system from the soil. Nevertheless, determining its position is fundamental not only for merely scientific purposes, but most of all for practical applications, as it affects the performing of precision irrigation. Therefore, in this work I propose the identification of the active root zone on the basis of its main effect, i.e. the reduction of soil water content over time. This is achieved by means of 3-D small-scale electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) carried out combining superficial and borehole electrodes. We monitored the processes occur-ring in the root zone of three orange trees located in south-eastern Sicily. These trees are drip irrigated according to different deficit irrigation techniques to improve the exploitation of the water resource, while the plants’ transpiration is monitored thanks to sap flow and eddy covariance measurements. More in detail, in the first case study ERT measurements before and after the cut of the tree are compared, while in the second case study the ERT monitoring is focused on two orange trees drip irrigated with different treatments (i.e. full irrigation and partial root drying). The datasets thus obtained provide interesting insights into the root system activity, given their abundance of information regarding both atmospheric and underground phenomena (i.e. transpiration and root water uptake, respectively). In particular, the ERT time-lapse approach well highlights the portions subject to a decrease in water content, which can be related to the water uptake put in place by the plants. Nevertheless, the interpretation of the resistivity patterns, although combined with agronomic information, can be rather intricate. A proper hydrological modeling provides a solution to this problem, even if choosing the most suitable approach requires a specific mathematical analysis. To do this, we developed a synthetic case study with two identical hydrological models, one of which describing also the activity of an orange tree. These models resemble the real datasets provided by the ERT measurements, without all the uncertainties introduced by the geophysical acquisition and the model calibration. The location of the active root zone is reconstructed from the combination of these two models by means of Taylor series expansion, with particular reference to the effects of the approximation thus introduced. The final aim is to evaluate the proposed numerical procedure for a future application on one of real case study presented in this work.
La Earth's critical zone (ECZ) rappresenta la porzione più esterna del pianeta Terra ed è sede di numerosi processi che regolano la disponibilità della maggior parte delle sostanze necessarie alla vita. Tra i vari sottodomini in cui essa può essere suddivisa, il continuum Suolo-Pianta (SP) svolge un ruolo cruciale, in quanto è uno dei maggiori regolatori degli scambi di massa ed energia tra suolo e piante (e quindi atmosfera). Nonostante la forte interconnessione con l'attività umana, la caratterizzazione del SP è ancora in una fase embrionale, principalmente legata alla mancanza di informazioni sia spaziali che temporali riguardo ai processi che lo caratterizzano. In questo lavoro presentiamo quindi una combinazione di tomografia di resistività elettrica (ERT) e modellazione idrologica secondo l'approccio idrogeofisico, con l'obiettivo di caratterizzare la "active root zone", ossia la porzione del sistema radicale coinvolta nel processo di assorbimento di acqua dal suolo. Più nel dettaglio, questo processo è messo in atto dai peli radicali, delle microscopiche estroflessioni la cui localizzazione è difficile (se non impossibile) anche in seguito alla rimozione del sistema radicale dal suolo. Ciononostante, la sua localizzazione è fondamentale soprattutto da un punto di vista agronomico, poiché necessaria per una corretta applicazione delle tecniche di irrigazione di precisione. In questo lavoro presento quindi due casi studio in cui l'active root zone è identificata sulla base del suo effetto principale, ossia la diminuzione di contenuto idrico del suolo. I casi studio presentati comprendono tre alberi d’arancio situati nel sud-est della Sicilia ed irrigati mediante diverse tecniche di microirrigazione (nota anche come "irrigazione a goccia"). In particolare, nel primo caso studio sono comparate misure ERT acquisite prima e dopo il taglio della pianta, mentre nel secondo caso studio il monitoraggio ERT è focalizzato su due aranci irrigati con diverse tecniche (piena irrigazione e disseccamento parziale delle radici). Il monitoraggio ERT dei processi in atto è effettuato sulla piccola scala (cioè sulla singola pianta) grazie alla combinazione di elettrodi superficiali ed in pozzo, permettendo così una acquisizione ed una rappresentazione tridimensionale del dato geofisico. Parallelamente ha luogo anche il monitoraggio agronomico, grazie al quale la traspirazione è determinata mediante misure di sap flow e di eddy covariance. I dati così ottenuti forniscono molte informazioni rispetto ai diversi processi in atto, sia atmosferici (traspirazione), che nel sottosuolo (assorbimento di acqua dal suolo). In particolare, il monitoraggio ERT in time-lapse è in grado di mostrare quali porzioni del dominio investigato siano soggette ad una diminuzione del contenuto idrico, la quale può essere collegata all’attività radicale. Nonostante la quantità e qualità dei dati a disposizione, l'interpretazione dei risultati (specialmente in termini quantitativi) risulta comunque piuttosto complessa. Una soluzione può essere fornita da un'appropriata modellazione idrologica, sebbene la scelta dell’approccio migliore richieda una specifica analisi matematica. Sotto quest’ottica abbiamo sviluppato un caso sintetico costituito da due modelli idrologici identici, dove uno quali descrive anche l'attività di una pianta d'arancio. Questi modelli hanno lo scopo di ricreare dei dataset riconducibili all'output delle misure ERT, senza però tutte le incertezze introdotte dall’acquisizione geofisica e dalla calibrazione del modello. La ricostruzione della "active root zone" è quindi ottenuta dalla combinazione di questi due modelli mediante l'espansione in serie di Taylor, con particolare attenzione alle approssimazioni così introdotte. L'obiettivo finale è quello di valutare questa procedura numerica per una futura applicazione ad uno dei casi studio reali presentati in questo lavoro.

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Sadeghi, Tehrani Faraz. "An investigation of continuous compaction control systems." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 435 p, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1889078521&sid=2&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Rahgozar, Mandana Seyed. "Estimation of evapotranspiration using continuous soil moisture measurement." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001812.

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Davison, L. R. "Continuous loading consolidation tests on soils." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234804.

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Vanella, Daniela. "Monitoring and modeling fluxes transfer processes in soil-plant-atmosphere continuum across scales." Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/4084.

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Alle interazioni tra le diverse componenti del sistema suolo-pianta-atmosfera (SPA) è attribuito un ruolo critico nel ciclo idrologico e della biosfera terrestre. La comunità scientifica specializzata è sempre più consapevole della necessità di portare avanti studi a carattere interdisciplinare per la comprensione delle interazioni funzionali tra le risorse naturali ed i relativi problemi di sostenibilità del sistema SPA. All interno di tali studi interdisciplinari, l analisi delle interazioni suolo-radice risulta rilevante anche per la gestione ottimale dell'irrigazione, in particolare nelle zone caratterizzate da scarsa disponibilità idrica, come le aree mediterranee. A tal fine nasce l esigenza di valutare, ad alta risoluzione sia spaziale che temporale, le dinamiche idrologiche del sistema SPA, sino alla scala dell apparato radicale. Il contributo della tesi di dottorato consiste nell applicazione di tecniche di monitoraggio avanzate e minimamente invasive, per valutare gli scambi di massa ed energia all'interno del sistema SPA. L aspetto innovativo del lavoro di tesi consiste nell integrazione di tecniche geofisiche con misure micrometeorologiche e dati di traspirazione, al fine di interpretare alcuni dei principali processi di trasferimento di flussi nel sistema SPA (evapotraspirazione ed assorbimento radicale) in ambiente semi-arido. Tale approccio, è stato applicato a due Casi studio con l obiettivo di monitorare le complesse interazioni del sistema suolo-pianta, con particolare riferimento al processo di assorbimento radicale di alberi di agrume. Nel primo Caso studio, la tecnica della tomografia di resistività elettrica (ERT) tridimensionale è stata integrata con dati di traspirazione, misure micrometeorologiche e modellistica idrologica al fine di delineare la porzione di suolo non satura interessata dalle radici attive di un aranceto adulto. Nel secondo Caso studio, il monitoraggio ERT è stato integrato con misure di traspirazione al fine di delineare i pattern di RWU di alberi di arancio irrigati in regime di deficit. I risultati del lavoro di tesi dimostrano l abilità della tecnica di monitoraggio geofisico ERT nello spiegare le dinamiche idriche del suolo e la risposta fisiologica della pianta, in termini di attività delle radici nel processo di uptake, contribuendo, in tal senso, a migliorare la conoscenza dei processi di assorbimento radicale.

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Cottier, Jean-Bernard. "Soigner son travail pour prendre soin des autres : l’expérience d’un espace de parole entre soignants : une occasion de professionnalisation du rôle relationnel ?" Thesis, Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NANT2037.

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Cette recherche est issue d’une expérience qui s’est déroulée sur une période de cinq ans (2003-2008) dans un service de gastro-entérologie. L’auteur de cette thèse a éprouvé le besoin de solliciter quelques soignants ayant volontairement participé à un groupe de réflexion qui les réunissait régulièrement dans leur service ; ces instants leur permettaient d’évoquer leurs difficultés, leurs interrogations, leurs doutes, voire leurs souffrances. Bien des années plus tard, l’infirmier-doctorant qui a participé activement à cette initiative a voulu comprendre pourquoi cette expérience avait mobilisé certains soignants. Il importait de les rencontrer dix ans plus tard pour identifier avec le recul les bénéfices qu’ils avaient éventuellement retirés de ces temps d’éducation informelle. A la faveur des récits recueillis, une thèse s’est progressivement imposée : pour prendre soin des autres, le soignant n’a d’autres recours que de se raconter, entouré par ses pairs. C’est la figure du sujet apprenant qui émerge à travers ces récits d’apprentissage réalisés au sein d’un groupe. En faisant ces choix, ces professionnels accèdent aux quatre dimensions qui caractérisent le sujet : il est capable, sensible, situé socialement et en mesure de conduire une réflexion. C’est à la faveur de l’émergence de cette figure énigmatique d’un sujet apprenant au sein de ce groupe de réflexion que ces soignants construisent un rapport critique au savoir, se remettent en question et participent ainsi à un processus de développement professionnel et personnel tant pour eux-mêmes que pour les autres
This research is based on a five-year experience (2003-2008) in a gastroenterology department. The author of this thesis has felt the need to request some caregivers having voluntarily participated in a think tank which gathered them regularly in the department; these moments allowed them to express their hardships, their questioning, their doubts, even their suffering. Many years later, the nurse and PhD student who actively participated wanted to know why this experience had motivated some of the caregivers. It was important to meet them ten years later to identify with hindsight the benefits which they had possibly gained from these educational informal times. Thanks to the collected narratives, a hypothesis became obvious: to take care of others, the caregivers has no recourse but to talk, surrounded by his peers. This is the position of the learner which emerges through these learning narratives realized into group practice. By making their choice, these learners have access to four dimensions that characterize the subject : he is capable, sensitive, socially situated and able to lead a reflexion. By the emergence of this enigmatic learning subject within think tank, these caregivers make a criticism of their own knowledge, question themselves and so participate in a process of professional and personal self-growth both for themselves and others

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Viscarra, Rossel Raphael A. "Development of a Proximal Soil Sensing System for the Continuous Management of Acid Soil." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/674.

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The notion that agriculturally productive land may be treated as a relatively homogeneous resource at thewithin-field scale is not sound. This assumption and the subsequent uniform application of planting material,chemicals and/or tillage effort may result in zones within a field being under- or over-treated. Arising fromthese are problems associated with the inefficient use of input resources, economically significant yield losses,excessive energy costs, gaseous or percolatory release of chemicals into the environment, unacceptable long-term retention of chemicals and a less-than-optimal growing environment. The environmental impact of cropproduction systems is substantial. In this millennium, three important issues for scientists and agrariancommunities to address are the need to efficiently manage agricultural land for sustainable production, the maintenance of soil and water resources and the environmental quality of agricultural land.Precision agriculture (PA) aims to identify soil and crop attribute variability, and manage it in an accurate and timely manner for near-optimal crop production. Unlike conventional agricultural management where an averaged whole-field analytical result is employed for decision-making, management in PA is based on site-specific soil and crop information. That is, resource application and agronomic practices are matched with variation in soil attributes and crop requirements across a field or management unit. Conceptually PA makes economic and environmental sense, optimising gross margins and minimising the environmental impact of crop production systems. Although the economic justification for PA can be readily calculated, concepts such as environmental containment and the safety of agrochemicals in soil are more difficult to estimate. However,it may be argued that if PA lessens the overall agrochemical load in agricultural and non-agricultural environments, then its value as a management system for agriculture increases substantially.Management using PA requires detailed information of the spatial and temporal variation in crop yield components, weeds, soil-borne pests and attributes of physical, chemical and biological soil fertility. However,detailed descriptions of fine scale variation in soil properties have always been difficult and costly to perform.Sensing and scanning technologies need to be developed to more efficiently and economically obtain accurate information on the extent and variability of soil attributes that affect crop growth and yield. The primary aim of this work is to conduct research towards the development of an 'on-the-go' proximal soil pH and lime requirement sensing system for real-time continuous management of acid soil. It is divided into four sections.Section one consists of two chapters; the first describes global and historical events that converged into the development of precision agriculture, while chapter two provides reviews of statistical and geostatistical techniques that are used for the quantification of soil spatial variability and of topics that are integral to the concept of precision agriculture. The review then focuses on technologies that are used for the complete enumeration of soil, namely remote and proximal sensing.Section two comprises three chapters that deal with sampling and mapping methods. Chapter three provides a general description of the environment in the experimental field. It provides descriptions of the field site,topography, soil condition at the time of sampling, and the spatial variability of surface soil chemical properties. It also described the methods of sampling and laboratory analyses. Chapter four discusses some of the implications of soil sampling on analytical results and presents a review that quantifies the accuracy,precision and cost of current laboratory techniques. The chapter also presents analytical results that show theloss of information in kriged maps of lime requirement resulting from decreases in sample size. The messageof chapter four is that the evolution of precision agriculture calls for the development of 'on-the-go' proximal soil sensing systems to characterise soil spatial variability rapidly, economically, accurately and in a timely manner. Chapter five suggests that for sparsely sampled data the choice of spatial modelling and mapping techniques is important for reliable results and accurate representations of field soil variability. It assesses a number of geostatistical methodologies that may be used to model and map non-stationary soil data, in this instance soil pH and organic carbon. Intrinsic random functions of order k produced the most accurate and parsimonious predictions of all of the methods tested.Section three consists of two chapters whose theme pertains to sustainable and efficient management of acid agricultural soil. Chapter six discusses soil acidity, its causes, consequences and current management practices.It also reports the global extent of soil acidity and that which occurs in Australia. The chapter closes by proposing a real-time continuous management system for the management of acid soil. Chapter seven reports results from experiments conducted towards the development of an 'on-the-go' proximal soil pH and lime requirement sensing system that may be used for the real-time continuous management of acid soil. Assessment of four potentiometric sensors showed that the pH Ion Sensitive Field Effect Transistor (ISFET)was most suitable for inclusion in the proposed sensing system. It is accurate and precise, drift and hysteresis are low, and most importantly it's response time is small. A design for the analytical system was presented based on flow injection analysis (FIA) and sequential injection analysis (SIA) concepts. Two different modes of operation were described. Kinetic experiments were conducted to characterise soil:0.01M CaCl2 pH(pHCaCl2) and soil:lime requirement buffer (pH buffer) reactions. Modelling of the pH buffer reactions described their sequential, biphasic nature. A statistical methodology was devised to predict pH buffer measurements using only initial reaction measurements at 0.5s, 1s, 2s and 3s measurements. The accuracy of the technique was 0.1pH buffer units and the bias was low. Finally, the chapter describes a framework for the development of a prototype soil pH and lime requirement sensing system and the creative design of the system.The final section relates to the management of acid soil by liming. Chapter eight describes the development of empirical deterministic models for rapid predictions of lime requirement. The response surface models are based on soil:lime incubations, pH buffer measurements and the selection of target pH values. These models are more accurate and more practical than more conventional techniques, and may be more suitably incorporated into the spatial decision-support system of the proposed real-time continuous system for the management of acid soil. Chapter nine presents a glasshouse liming experiment that was used to authenticate the lime requirement model derived in the previous chapter. It also presents soil property interactions and soil-plant relationships in acid and ameliorated soil, to compare the effects of no lime applications, single-rate and variable-rate liming. Chapter X presents a methodology for modelling crop yields in the presence of uncertainty. The local uncertainty about soil properties and the uncertainty about model parameters were accounted for by using indicator kriging and Latin Hypercube Sampling for the propagation of uncertainties through two regression functions; a yield response function and one that equates resultant pH after the application of lime. Under the assumptions and constraints of the analysis, single-rate liming was found to be the best management option.

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Книги з теми "Continuum de soin"

Klausner, Yehuda. Fundamentals of continuum mechanics of soils. London: Springer-Verlag, 1991.

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Klausner, Yehuda. Fundamentals of continuum mechanics of soils. London: Springer-Verlag, 1991.

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Pathak, Himanshu, Dibyendu Chatterjee, Saurav Saha, and Bappa Das, eds. Climate Change Impacts on Soil-Plant-Atmosphere Continuum. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-7935-6.

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Mary, Carroll-Johnson Rose, Gorman Linda M, and Bush Nancy Jo, eds. Psychosocial nursing care along the cancer continuum. Pittsburgh, PA: Oncology Nursing Press, 1998.

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Everett, Lorne G., and Mark L. Kram, eds. Continuous Soil Gas Measurements: Worst Case Risk Parameters. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp1570-eb.

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Continuous soil gas measurements: Worst case risk parameters. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International, 2013.

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Connie, Evashwick, ed. The continuum of long-term care. 2nd ed. Albany: Delmar Thomson Learning, 2001.

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Joan, Norris, ed. Mental health, psychiatric nursing: A continuum of care. New York: Wiley, 1987.

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Long-term care: Managing across the continuum. 3rd ed. Sudbury, Mass: Jones and Bartlett Publishers, 2009.

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Long-term care: Managing across the continuum. Gaithersburg, Md: Aspen Publishers, 1999.

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Частини книг з теми "Continuum de soin"

Klausner, Yehuda. "The Soil." In Fundamentals of Continuum Mechanics of Soils, 137–209. London: Springer London, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1677-6_8.

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Sławiński, Cezary, and Henryk Sobczuk. "Soil–Plant–Atmosphere Continuum." In Encyclopedia of Agrophysics, 805–10. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3585-1_141.

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Assouline, S., and Y. Mualem. "Modeling Infiltration During Soil Seal Formation: Effects of Seal Non-Uniformity in Depth and Soil Heterogeneity in Space." In Continuum Models and Discrete Systems, 269–70. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2316-3_43.

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Klausner, Yehuda. "Soil as a Multi-phase Mixture." In Fundamentals of Continuum Mechanics of Soils, 211–25. London: Springer London, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1677-6_9.

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McBratney, A. B., and B. M. Whelan. "Continuous Models of Soil Variation for Continuous Soil Management." In Site-Specific Management for Agricultural Systems, 325–38. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/1995.site-specificmanagement.c22.

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Novák, Viliam, and Hana Hlaváčiková. "Soil as a Part of the Soil–Plant–Atmosphere Continuum (SPAC)." In Applied Soil Hydrology, 1–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01806-1_1.

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Dotaniya, M. L., C. K. Dotaniya, Dinesh Kumar Yadav, Alaa El Din Mahmoud, R. K. Doutaniya, Dileep Kumar, Ashok Kumar, et al. "Chromium Dynamics in the Soil-Plant Continuum." In Chromium in Plants and Environment, 167–89. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44029-8_8.

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Huck, Morris G. "Water Flux in the Soil-Root Continuum." In Roots, Nutrient and Water Influx, and Plant Growth, 47–63. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/asaspecpub49.c3.

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Kiehne, M., K. Berghof, L. Müller-Kuhrt, and R. Buchholz. "Mobile Revolving Tubular Reactor for Continuous Microbial Soil Decontamination." In Contaminated Soil ’95, 873–82. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0421-0_12.

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Arnold, J. G., and R. Srinivasan. "A Continuous Catchment-Scale Erosion Model." In Modelling Soil Erosion by Water, 413–27. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58913-3_31.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Continuum de soin"

Batukaev, A. A., V. P. Kalinichenko, A. E. Rykhlik, A. A. Batukaev, and D. O. Palaeva. "Intra-Soil Pulse Continuum-Discrete Moistening for Soil and Water Preservation." In International scientific and practical conference "AgroSMART - Smart solutions for agriculture" (AgroSMART 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/agrosmart-18.2018.170.

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Konuk, Ibrahim, and Shenkai Yu. "Continuum FE Modeling of Lateral Buckling: Study of Soil Effects." In ASME 2007 26th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2007-29376.

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2D and 3D Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) Finite Element (FE) models are developed to study soil-pipe interaction and lateral buckling problems. A new in-situ testing method to characterize seabed soils and to obtain soil constitutive parameters is proposed. The influence of the soil properties on the soil-pipe interaction and lateral buckling processes are presented. Implications and observations for the design of high temperature and high pressure pipelines are discussed.

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Fredj, Abdelfettah, Aaron Dinovitzer, and Joe Zhou. "A 3-Dimensional Continuum ALE Model for Soil-Pipe Interaction." In 2008 7th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2008-64624.

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Soil-pipe interactions when large ground movements occur are an important consideration in pipeline design, route selection, guide monitoring and reduce the risk of damage or failure. Large ground movement can be caused by slope failures, faulting, landslides and seismic activities. Such conditions induce large deformations of both the soil and pipe. Analyses of such behavior pose a significant challenge to capabilities of standard finite elements as the capability to analyze large deformations is required. This requirement is difficult to meet for Lagrangian-based code. New developments using ALE methods make it possible to determine soil and pipe deformation confidently for large displacements. This paper describes a study performed to investigate the mechanical behavior of a pipeline subjected to large soil movement. A 3D continuum modeling using an ALE (Arbitrary Eulerian Lagrangian) formulation was developed and run using LS-DYNA. The results are compared with published experimental data of large-scale test to verify the numerical analysis method. The analysis is further extended to analyze the soil-pipe interaction under permanent ground deformation such as those associated with surface fault rupture and landslides.

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Ramos, Juan Pablo, Viktor Widerspan, Dariya Heinrich, and Manuela Böhm. "Derivation of Adapted Soil Springs for the Buckling Analysis of Suction Caissons During Installation." In ASME 2023 42nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2023-103701.

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Abstract The buckling capacity of suction caissons during installation must be investigated, as these are sensitive to buckling due to their thin-walled structure. A geometric material nonlinear analysis with imperfections, in which the soil is modeled using continuum elements, provides the most realistic results. Nonetheless, the modeling of the nonlinear material behavior of the soil as well as the consideration of multiple imperfection shapes are associated with a high modeling and computational effort. To avoid this, springs are often used to model the soil. However, the common approaches for determining lateral soil springs were developed experimentally for flexible piles and not short caissons. In this work finite element models are created to derive adapted soil springs for large scale tests on suction caissons. The comparison of the implemented soil springs with the soil springs from the guidelines shows that an adjustment of the commonly used springs is necessary. A factor that allows the springs to approximate the behavior of the continuum elements is formulated. Additional models that analyze the supporting effect of the soil on the buckling capacity of the suction caisson using continuum finite elements and soil springs foundations are developed. These models also compare the effect of the embedment depth and the soil bearing capacity.

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Fredj, Abdelfettah, and Aaron Dinovitzer. "Three-Dimensional Response of Buried Pipelines Subjected to Large Soil Deformation Effects: Part II—Effects of the Soil Restraint on the Response of Pipe/Soil Systems." In 2010 8th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2010-31517.

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Understanding the effect of soil-pipeline interactions in the event of large ground movement is an important consideration for pipeline designer. Both experimental investigation and computational analyses play significant roles in this research. As part of this effort, a framework incorporating continuum soil mechanics and advanced finite element approach (i.e., ALE and SPH method) for modeling soil pipe interaction is developed. The overall objective is to develop, validate and apply 3D continuum modeling technique to assess the performance of pipeline system subjected to large soil displacement. The numerical models than may be used to predict the wrinkle formation and post formation behavior of the pipeline considering the effect of the soil confinement, and develop a comprehensive wrinkle integrity assessment process. This is the second paper (Part II) in a series of two papers. In the first paper a three-dimensional Continuum models using MM-ALE (Multi-material Arbitrary Eulerian Lagrangian) and SPH (smooth particle hydrodynamics) approaches are developed and run using LS-DYNA. The results are compared with published experimental data of large-scale test to verify the numerical analysis methods. In this paper (Part II) the effects of soil restraint on the response of the pipe/soil systems (e.g., pipeline Wrinkle and buckle, strain demand) are discussed.

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Fredj, Abdelfettah, and Aaron Dinovitzer. "Three-Dimensional Response of Buried Pipelines Subjected to Large Soil Deformation Effects: Part I—3D Continuum Modeling Using ALE and SPH Formulations." In 2010 8th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2010-31516.

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Understanding the effect of soil-pipeline interactions in the event of large ground movement is an important consideration for the pipeline designer. Both experimental investigation and computational analyses play significant roles in soil-pipeline research. As part of this effort, a framework incorporating continuum soil mechanics and advanced finite element approach (i.e., ALE and SPH method) for modeling soil pipe interaction was constructed. The overall objective of this work is to develop, validate and apply 3D continuum modeling techniques to assess the performance of pipeline systems subjected to large soil displacements. The numerical models produced may subsequently be used to predict the wrinkle formation and post formation behavior of the pipeline considering the effect of the soil confinement. The aim is to develop a comprehensive wrinkle integrity assessment process. This is the first paper (Part I) in a series of two papers. In this paper a three-dimensional Continuum models using MM-ALE (Multi-material Arbitrary Eulerian Lagrangian) and SPH (smooth particle hydrodynamics) approaches are developed and employed using LS-DYNA. The results are compared with published experimental data of large-scale tests to verify the numerical analysis methods. In the second paper (Part II) the effects of soil restraint on the response of the pipe/soil systems (e.g., pipeline wrinkle and buckle, strain demand) are discussed.

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Konuk, Ibrahim, Shenkai Yu, and Robert Gracie. "A 3-Dimensional Continuum ALE Model for Ice Scour: Study of Trench Effects." In ASME 2005 24th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2005-67547.

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A new Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) Finite Element (FE) model of ice scour was recently developed by the authors. It is based on continuum representation of the soil. It was shown in recent papers that such a model can characterize the mechanics of the ice-soil-pipeline interaction without requiring any of the assumptions that the Winkler models depend on. The model utilizes soil properties obtained by conventional laboratory testing. In a recent paper, this model was used to show that the subscour deformations and ice-soil interaction forces are very sensitive to ice ridge geometries for shallow slope ice features. In this paper, the ALE FE ice scour model is utilized to study the effects of the pipeline trench on the scour process and the forces transmitted to the pipeline. Two different infill soil properties and two different ice ridge geometries are analyzed with a 36 inch diameter pipe buried to in a trench of 1.5 m cover. It is shown that the scour process near and in the trench is significantly different than in the ambient seabed soils and the recognition of this may present some potential advantages for the protection of the pipelines not recognized by the Winkler models. It is also shown that the pipeline loads generated during the scour process are cyclic. They build slowly as the ice moves over the trench and then reverse as the ice ridge moves away from the trench. This is in contrast to monotonic and rapidly growing loads predicted by the Winkler models. The paper shows that the loads transferred to the pipeline depend on the infill soil properties placed in the trench. It is shown that loads experienced by the pipeline are less for the softer infill than stiffer soils.

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Fatta-Kassinos, Despo. "Contaminants of emerging concern in the wastewater-soil-crop continuum." In Goldschmidt2023. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.7185/gold2023.15064.

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Eichhorn, Geoffrey N., and Stuart K. Haigh. "Landslide Pipe-Soil Interaction: State of the Practice." In 2018 12th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2018-78434.

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Current understanding of pipe-soil interaction during large ground movement events is insufficient due to their infrequency and the complexity of the infrastructure. Pipeline operators currently rely on a fully coupled continuum model of a landslide and pipeline interaction, or, more commonly, on a simplification of this interface using structural beam style soil-springs to transfer soil loads and displacements to the pipeline. The basis for soil-springs are laboratory studies based largely on clean sand or pure clay, and flat ground. Owing to the use of manufactured soils and flat ground, the soil-pipe interface modelling may not be valid for landslides. The loading of a pipeline in a landslide, and how the soil-spring factors should change with space and time are reviewed and may differ from commonly adopted guidelines. Physical modelling in research is emerging to study landslides and pipelines utilizing fully instrumented scale models. In the absence of fully instrumented field pipelines, physical modelling should be used to validate continuum models.

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Takashi Kataoka, Masahiro Saito, Hiroshi Okamoto, Shun-ichi Hata, and Reza Ehsani. "Development of Continuous Soil Sampling Machine System." In 2004, Ottawa, Canada August 1 - 4, 2004. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.17647.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Continuum de soin"

Barr, Robert, Laura Bowling, Kyuhyun Byun, Indrajeet Chaubey, Natalie Chin, Darren Ficklin, Alan Hamlet, et al. The Future of Indiana’s Water Resources: A Report from the Indiana Climate Change Impacts Assessment. Purdue University, June 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317640.

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This report from the Indiana Climate Change Impacts Assessment (IN CCIA) applies climate change projections for the state to explore how continued changes in Indiana’s climate are going to affect all aspects of water resources, including soil water, evaporation, runoff, snow cover, streamflow, drought, and flooding. As local temperatures continue to rise and rainfall patterns shift, managing the multiple water needs of communities, natural systems, recreation, industry, and agriculture will become increasingly difficult. Ensuring that enough water is available in the right places and at the right times will require awareness of Indiana’s changing water resources and planning at regional and state levels.

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McGinn, Noel. ¿Reformas o mejoramiento continuo? Inter-American Development Bank, April 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011918.

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Las reformas educativas son una actividad social y política permanente. La mayoría de los países representados en esta reunión han intentado llevar a cabo al menos dos durante los últimos 40 años y algunos incluso más. Es posible que como consecuencia de ello nuestros sistemas educativos hayan alcanzado importantes mejoras.

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Nogués, Julio J. Agricultural Exporters in a Protectionist World: Review and Policy Implications of Barriers Against Mercosur. Inter-American Development Bank, February 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011107.

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Worldwide, the Mercosur countries are probably the ones that face the most hostile trading system. Their strong comparative advantage in temperate agricultural and agro-industrial products make them particularly vulnerable to the irrationally high and variable agricultural protectionism cum subsidies that continues to distort this trade. In retrospect the paper argues that signing the Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture was a kiss of death for the development prospects of these countries. Likewise, the continued expansion of regional policies and particularly that practiced by the EU, continues to reduce export earnings of Mercosur. The paper presents a selected survey of the literature as well as new estimates on these and other effects including the financial consequences that agricultural protectionism has on Mercosur; their ability to sustain and service their external debts. Based on the findings, the paper concludes with some policy suggestions which at best represent defensive opportunities. Nothing would boost more the development prospects of these countries than a comprehensive and ambitious multilateral agreement to reduce agricultural protectionism. Nevertheless given the highly protectionist stance of the US and EU, the prospects that this will materialize anytime soon are dim.

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Amonette, James E., and Jonathan L. Barr. Multi-Channel Auto-Dilution System for Remote Continuous Monitoring of High Soil-CO2 Fluxes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/951858.

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Henning, Stanley, and Russell Doorenbos. Corn and Soil Responses to N, P, K, and Lime in Continuous Corn Production. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-732.

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Portz, Dennis N., and Gail R. Nonnecke. The Effect of Monoculture Cover Crops, Continuous Strawberry, or Continuous Cultivation on Plant Density and Yield of Strawberry, Pest Populations, and Soil Characteristics. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-1247.

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Phuong, Vu Tan, Nguyen Van Truong, Do Trong Hoan, Hoang Nguyen Viet Hoa, and Nguyen Duy Khanh. Understanding tree-cover transitions, drivers and stakeholders’ perspectives for effective landscape governance: a case study of Chieng Yen Commune, Son La Province, Viet Nam. World Agroforestry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5716/wp21023.pdf.

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Integrated landscape management for sustainable livelihoods and positive environmental outcomes has been desired by many developing countries, especially for mountainous areas where agricultural activities, if not well managed, will likely degrade vulnerable landscapes. This research was an attempt to characterize the landscape in Chieng Yen Commune, Son La Province in Northwest Viet Nam to generate knowledge and understanding of local conditions and to propose a workable governance mechanism to sustainably manage the landscape. ICRAF, together with national partners — Vietnamese Academy of Forest Sciences, Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute — and local partners — Son La Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, Son La Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Chieng Yen Commune People’s Committee — conducted rapid assessments in the landscape, including land-use mapping, land-use characterization, a household survey and participatory landscape assessment using an ecosystem services framework. We found that the landscape and peoples’ livelihoods are at risk from the continuous degradation of forest and agricultural land, and declining productivity, ecosystem conditions and services. Half of households live below the poverty line with insufficient agricultural production for subsistence. Unsustainable agricultural practices and other livelihood activities are causing more damage to the forest. Meanwhile, existing forest and landscape governance mechanisms are generally not inclusive of local community engagement. Initial recommendations are provided, including further assessment to address current knowledge gaps.

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Wilmott, Martyn, and Weixing Chen. PR-261-9710-R01 Assessment of the Aggressiveness of Various Type of Soil Towards Low PH SCC. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), December 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0012137.

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Environmental cracking processes are caused by the synergistic interaction of a corrosive environment and applied service stress (mechanical contribution) with a susceptible pipeline material. Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) is one form of environmental cracking. Current understanding of the processes associated with SCC suggests that cracks proceed through a continuum of events leading to final failure. In the "life" of a crack, cracks initiate, proceed through a period of growth, link with other cracks to produce a critical defect size that can then cause the failure of the pipeline. The relative contributions of environmental, mechanical, and material factors will depend on where a crack is in its "life". The objectives of the project are to improve the understanding of the role of the local soil environment in the development and growth of neutral pH stress corrosion cracking of line pipe steels and to develop a risk-based model to help prioritize SCC site selection based on soil classification.

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Mantilla-Serrano, Fernando. Consultoría para la evaluación de los primeros tres años de programas de mediación y arbitraje comercial aprobados por el Fondo Multilateral de Inversiones (FOMIN). Inter-American Development Bank, January 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009434.

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El documento presenta los proyectos de Métodos Alternos de Solución de Conflictos/Alternate Dispute Resolution (MASC/ADR) con el fin de crear y fortalecer un sistema de MASC/ADR en la región latinoamericana, estos proyectos son necesarios para consolidar los logros obtenidos y continuar acercando la región a las tendencias mundiales. Se concluye que los proyectos del BID-FOMIN han actuado como catalizadores de unmovimiento de MASC/ADR en Latinoamérica. El documento presenta los proyectos de Métodos Alternos de Solución de Conflictos/Alternate Dispute Resolution (MASC/ADR) con el fin de crear y fortalecer un sistema de MASC/ADR en la región latinoamericana, estos proyectos son necesarios para consolidar los logros obtenidos y continuar acercando la región a las tendencias mundiales. Se concluye que los proyectos del BID-FOMIN han actuado como catalizadores de un movimiento de MASC/ADR en Latinoamérica.

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Leis, Sherry, and Lloyd Morrison. Plant community trends at Tallgrass Prairie National Preserve: 1998–2018. National Park Service, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2294512.

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The Heartland Inventory and Monitoring Network monitors plant communities at Tallgrass Prairie National Preserve and evaluates a variety of environmental variables that aﬀect vegetation patterns, including climate and ecological disturbances such as ﬁre and grazing. Here we report on 2002–2018 trends in management actions (ﬁre and grazing) and key plant community indicators. Temperature has increased over the past 50 years in the region. Precipitation and a standardized precipitation-evapotranspiration index included a high degree of interannual variability and did not demonstrate directional change. We documented a decline in disturbance intensity (i.e., less frequent prescribed ﬁre and lower stocking rates) since 2006. A preserve goal is to maintain 30 to 60% of the area as bare ground (soil and rock) for ideal greater prairie-chicken habitat. Bare areas have been in decline and minimally meet the goal preserve wide. Bare areas vary by pasture and year, with bare areas exceeding the threshold in earlier years and Big Pasture and Red House Pasture falling short in some recent years. Although the preserve-scale mean minimally met the objective, there was a great deal of heterogeneity across monitoring sites. Litter cover and depth were greater than ecological recommendations for the greater prairie-chicken, especially in 2018. Litter depth demonstrated a great deal of variability and included deep litter. Woody plants were targeted to remain below 5% cover. Preserve- and pasture-scale cover means were well below this threshold but are increasing. Species richness on a per site basis (alpha diversity) and preserve-wide richness (gamma diversity) showed no apparent directional change when corrected for diﬀerences in sample size. Comparison of native species composition between 2002 and 2018 revealed a 36.9% diﬀerence in the Sørensen Index, although observer error accounted for almost 2/3 of this apparent change. The preserve continues to have characteristic tallgrass prairie species, and nonnative species continue to be low. Similar to targeted invasive plant monitoring, we found the target species Kentucky bluegrass to be below park thresholds. Continued evaluation of ﬁre frequency and grazing intensity will be critical to achieving ecological goals including conserving the greater prairie-chicken. Development of a grazing plan may assist with prescribing stocking rates that are consistent with the preserve’s ecological and cultural objectives and could include alternative herbivores, such as goats or expansion of bison.

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