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Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022
Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Construction contracts – Mathematical models"

1

Drissi, Ramzi. "Mathematical Risk Modeling: an Application in Three Cases of Insurance Contracts." International Journal of Advances in Management and Economics 8, no. 6 (October 30, 2019): 01–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.31270/ijame/v08/i06/2019/1.

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Анотація:
Risk is often defined as the degree of uncertainty regarding the future. This general definition of risk can be extended to define different types of risks according to the source of the underlying uncertainty. In this context, the objective of this paper is to mathematically model risks in insurance. The choice of methods and techniques that allow the construction of the model significantly influence the responses obtained. We approach these different issues by modeling risks in three base cases: basic insurance of goods, life insurance, and financial risk insurance. Our findings show that risk modeling allowed us to better measure certain events, but did not allow us to predict them accurately due to a lack of information. Therefore, good modeling of the risk determinants makes it possible to modify the probability associated with the occurrence of a risk. While it cannot predict exactly when a risk will occur, it can help make decisions that will reduce its effects. Keywords: Basic insurance, Life insurance, Mathematical models, Financial risk, Biometric function.
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2

Kanin, Alexander, Anna Kharchenko, Vitalii Tsybulskyi, Natalia Sokolova, and Alona Shpyh. "Construction of a simulation model for substantiating the parameters of long-term road maintenance contracts." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 2, no. 3 (116) (April 28, 2022): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2022.253652.

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This paper reports a study into the main parameters of long-term contracts for the maintenance of roads. Weaknesses in existing methods and models of substantiation of the initial characteristics of contracts have been identified. It is established that the main reason for the transition to long-term contacts in the road sector is the need to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of road asset management. This determines the main goal to maintain the operational condition of all components of roads at a level that ensures the satisfaction of user requirements and contributes to the preservation of assets. A simulation model for substantiating the parameters of long-term contracts for road maintenance has been built, which makes it possible to simulate forecast assessments of the characteristics of contracts. Underlying this study is the Monte Carlo method, as well as the triangular law of distribution, models of deterioration and restoration of the condition of road elements. Taking into consideration these models, it was established that the error in justifying the parameters of long-term contracts according to the devised method is up to 10 %. The devised model was tested by applying the developed original LTCsimula program using an example of the section of a motorway with a length of 87.3 km with an average level of requirements. According to the results of the test, the assessment of the laws of distribution of value, as well as the amount of deductions and profits of a long-term contract, was carried out. The calculation results demonstrated the model’s capability to determine the strategies for the maintenance of roads, taking into consideration the risk of implementing a contract with an error of up to 3.9 %. The practical use of the devised simulation model makes it possible to improve the efficiency of operational maintenance of roads, as well as to save from 10 % to 40 % of the cost of road maintenance
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3

Plebankiewicz, E. "Simple Prequalification Models." Archives of Civil Engineering 56, no. 4 (December 1, 2010): 335–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v.10169-010-0019-4.

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AbstractThe selection of a contractor is one of the most important among decisions made by the owner of a construction. The application of the prequalification procedure enables the selection of the most competent tenderers. Various mathematical models are helpful in carrying out prequalification procedure. In the paper, some selected mathematical models are briefly characterized and model based on the theory of fuzzy sets is offered. The applied model takes into consideration the owner’s various objectives, as well as different evaluation criteria. The results of the sensitivity analysis of the model are also presented. Part of a computer software applying an earlier presented prequalification mathematical model is described
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4

Peng, Yichen, Jing Zhou, Qiang Xu, and Xiaoling Wu. "Cost Allocation in PPP Projects: An Analysis Based on the Theory of “Contracts as Reference Points”." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/158765.

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In recent years, the demand for infrastructure has been largely driven by the economic development of many countries. PPP has proved to be an efficient way to draw private capital into public utility construction, where ownership allocation becomes one of the most important clauses to both the government and the private investor. In this paper, we establish mathematical models to analyze the equity allocation problem of PPP projects through a comparison of the models with and without the effects of the theory of “contracts as reference points.” We then derive some important conclusions from the optimal solution of the investment ratio.
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5

Rodriguez, David Esteban, Alfredo Trespalacios, and David Galeano. "Risk Transfer in an Electricity Market." Mathematics 9, no. 21 (October 21, 2021): 2661. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9212661.

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Energy is traded using different products; long-term contracts or electricity forward contracts can assure the future transaction price. However, due to the difficulties in storing electrical energy for long periods and in large amounts, risks must be incorporated when defining contract prices through a Forward Risk Premia (FRP). This study analyzes the transfer of uncertainty from electricity market variables to the FRP in long-term contracts. We evaluate a type of econometric risk with the construction of Autoregressive Distributed Lag contagion models for the FRP using electricity demand, spot price, power generation via different technologies, and the Oceanic Niño Index. As a case study, we consider the Colombian electricity market. Our results show empirical models where the FRP has a short-term response with the following variables: hydropower generation, coal power generation, electricity demand, and Oceanic Niño Index, even though its transaction is reflected one or two years after the occurrence of the event.
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6

Wang, Haoqing, Wen Yi, and Yannick Liu. "Optimal Route Design for Construction Waste Transportation Systems: Mathematical Models and Solution Algorithms." Mathematics 10, no. 22 (November 18, 2022): 4340. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10224340.

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A huge amount of construction waste is generated in construction sites every day that needs to be transported by vehicle to disposal facilities for processing. Unlike in most typical transportation problems, once these vehicles are loaded with construction waste, they must travel directly to the disposal facility. Moreover, there are different types of construction waste that may require handling by different disposal facilities. In this paper, we develop a model and algorithm for identifying the optimal transportation routes specific to construction waste transportation. Our results can not only minimize the overall costs for both the logistics company and the contractor but also minimize the distance traveled, thus reducing urban traffic emissions.
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7

Plebankiewicz, Edyta. "MODELLING DECISION-MAKING PROCESSES IN BIDDING PROCEDURES WITH THE USE OF THE FUZZY SETS THEORY." International Journal of Strategic Property Management 18, no. 3 (September 18, 2014): 307–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1648715x.2014.943332.

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Анотація:
In the bidding procedure not only the contractor but also the construction owner make a number of vital decisions, the consequences of which are significant. The contractor has to decide whether to take part in a given bid and, having been accepted, he/she has to prepare a bidding offer. Its essential element is the mark-up introduced to the calculation of the bidding price. On the other hand, the investing construction owner has to decide which contractors are the closest to his/her requirements. The article presents mathematical models concerning the decisions made by the contractor and construction owner in the bidding procedure. All the models are based on the same simple mathematical apparatus using fuzzy sets.
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8

Bilal Taha, Mogahid, та Mudathir Suliman M.Ali. "نمذجة أثر تغيُّر سعر الصرف على أسعار الأسمنت في السودان (2000- 2016)". FES Journal of Engineering Sciences 9, № 3 (22 лютого 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.52981/fjes.v9i3.689.

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Feasibility studies, planning, pricing and contract management in the construction industry depend mainly on the stability of the economic process where most infrastructure projects require relatively long periods of time to implement them. In a highly inflationary economy where foreign exchange rates constantly change compared to the local currency for long periods that may extend for years. In such an economy, the prices of construction materials vary according to market variables. The methods of pricing items in bids are not feasible for profit and loss accounts and for competition purposes, which leads to significant complications in the management of construction contracts associated with these projects and generates a new case of continuous change unprecedented and has not been resolved even in the global construction contracts of FIDIC. The researcher monitored and collected the inflation values and the exchange rate of Sudanese pound against US dollar as the main currency for a large number of years against the prices of cement for the same years and then statistically studied through a number of statistical analysis programs. Information has been studied over time and then the change in the price of cement versus inflation and the exchange rate and a try to devise a function has been carried out in order to describe that change and express it in a mathematical formula that facilitates reading, analyzing and forecasting. It was found that the change of cement prices is related in a logarithmic function with both inflation and the exchange rate. The independent explanatory variables (exchange rate and inflation rate) were found to be responsible for at least 80% of the changes in the dependent variables (cement prices). The remaining 20% is the impact of other (random) variables not included in the model, and this is an indication of the quality of the documentation of the model. That the variables included in the model is the most influential in the dependent variable of non-included variables. The mathematical models have passed derived economic and standard criterion and have been acceptable statistically and can therefore be relied upon to test any hypotheses are developed.
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9

Zlatanovic, Milorad, and Dima Trajkovic. "Models for the choice of the most favorable contractor for construction of the thermal insulation systems." Facta universitatis - series: Architecture and Civil Engineering 2, no. 5 (2003): 339–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuace0305339z.

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The paper considers the multi-criterion models of the choice of the most favorable contractor for construction of the thermal insulation system at the previously constructed buildings. The paper is a contribution to the consideration of the most favorable contractor, as it is one of the very important decisions of the investor. A large number of variant solutions is proposed. Firstly, the criteria for the choice of the most favorable contractor of these works are formed. Then, a methodology for the choice of the contractor for the construction of the facade thermal insulation system is presented, that is the mathematical models for the solution of such problem are presented, with a purpose to determine the optimal solution that is, make a choice of the most favorable contractor of these works.
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10

Bakirtzis, Georgios, Cody H. Fleming, and Christina Vasilakopoulou. "Categorical Semantics of Cyber-Physical Systems Theory." ACM Transactions on Cyber-Physical Systems 5, no. 3 (July 2021): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3461669.

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Cyber-physical systems require the construction and management of various models to assure their correct, safe, and secure operation. These various models are necessary because of the coupled physical and computational dynamics present in cyber-physical systems. However, to date the different model views of cyber-physical systems are largely related informally, which raises issues with the degree of formal consistency between those various models of requirements, system behavior, and system architecture. We present a category-theoretic framework to make different types of composition explicit in the modeling and analysis of cyber-physical systems, which could assist in verifying the system as a whole. This compositional framework for cyber-physical systems gives rise to unified system models, where system behavior is hierarchically decomposed and related to a system architecture using the systems-as-algebras paradigm. As part of this paradigm, we show that an algebra of (safety) contracts generalizes over the state of the art, providing more uniform mathematical tools for constraining the behavior over a richer set of composite cyber-physical system models, which has the potential of minimizing or eliminating hazardous behavior.
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Дисертації з теми "Construction contracts – Mathematical models"

1

Ma, Ho-yin, and 馬浩然. "Competitive tendering in construction: a study of some theoretical bidding models and their application in thelocal construction industry." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1987. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31262314.

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2

Huang, Fei, and 黄斐. "Optimal safety loading of reinsurance contracts." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46935289.

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3

Wares, Arsalan Jones Graham A. Cottrill James F. "Middle school students' construction of mathematical models." Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p3064487.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Illinois State University, 2001.
Title from title page screen, viewed March 30, 2006. Dissertation Committee: Graham A. Jones, James Cottrill (co-chairs), Linnea Sennott. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 107-111) and abstract. Also available in print.
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4

Andersson, Linda. "Public Private Partnerships (PPP) : theoretical models and a analysis of Swedish contracts /." Stockholm : Arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad, Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-9454.

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5

Chen, Jie, and 陈洁. "Managerial incentive contracts in newly listed firms." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B47179065.

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Newly listed firms have a short history of stock value, and may initially not rely on stock price information in incentive contracting as much as seasoned firms. In this thesis, I examine managerial incentive contracts in newly listed firms by comparing CEO compensation between IPO firms and seasoned firms. For IPOs listed on NYSE from 1993 to 2001, a matching sample of seasoned firms was obtained according to criteria in industry, size and book-to-market ratio. By examining the multi-dimensions of CEO incentives, including cash compensation, option grants, stock ownership, and dismissal for the first six years after listing, I document significant differences between IPOs and seasoned firms. I find that while the sensitivity of short-term incentive pay to shareholder return is lower in IPOs than in seasoned firms, long-term incentives from CEO stock ownership are significantly more important in newly listed firms. Moreover, although CEO turnover in an IPO firm is lower, it depends on both stock-price return and accounting performance. These IPO-seasoned differences diminish over time and disappear in three to five years. My findings suggest that to motivate the manager of a newly listed firm, the board avoids short-term uncertainty associated with new stocks while emphasizing the role of shareholder value in the long run.
published_or_final_version
Economics and Finance
Master
Master of Philosophy
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6

Keenan, David Wayne 1955. "BLOCK PLAN CONSTRUCTION FROM A DELTAHEDRON-BASED ADJACENCY GRAPH." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/292025.

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7

Banerjee, Anindya. "Information and contracts : a study of principal-agent relationships." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:62b32d23-b43f-4a1a-a4e0-8185e3104ecd.

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This thesis is concentrated broadly in the field of mathematical industrial economics and more specifically upon what is known in the literature as principal-agent relationships. It focuses on investigating the nature of optimal contracts between, say, owners of the firm and the manager appointed by them to run the affairs of the firm or yet again between the owners and the workers employed in the firm. Chapter 1 introduces by first establishing the background of the analysis and then summarising the results of the thesis. The background consists mainly of implicit contract models, both of the symmetric and asymmetric information kind, and models of moral-hazard. The results of the thesis are contained in four chapters following the introduction. Chapters 2 and 3 are concerned primarily with the use made of principal agent models in the asymmetric-information implicit contract literature. This literature attempts to explain involuntary unemployment by showing that the inefficiency generated by the asymmetry in information between the principal (firm) and the workers (agent) manifests itself in employment lower than the efficient level. We show instead that results are altered in quite striking ways depending not only on the eventual asymmetry of information but also the asymmetry prevailing, say, when the agent takes his action, but before production occurs. Chapter 4 makes the case in favour of using the first-order approach in solving principal-agent models by proposing a weakening of the sufficient conditions which make this approach valid. Such weakening extends the range of cases - given by particular configurations of utility and density functions - for which the analytical convenience of the first-order approach may be utilised. Chapter 5 uses moral-hazard models and the first-order approach to answer the specific question "Should owner-managed firms with limited liability be taxed a higher rate than similar firms with unlimited liability?". The answer is "Yes, but only under certain conditions". Chapter 6 summarises and draws together the various strands of the arguments presented in the thesis.
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8

Ni, Jian, and 倪剑. "Commodity procurement risk management using futures contracts: a dynamic financial hedging approach withmultistage rebalancing." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46587949.

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9

Shi, Li, and 时莉. "Long-term commodity procurement risk management using futures contracts: a dynamic stack-and-rollapproach." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B49858749.

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The procurement of commodity materials for production is an important issue in supply chain management. Effective procurement should consider both uncertain customer demand and fluctuating commodity price which, when act together, give rise to the procurement risk. To protect the bottom line, a manufacturer has to plan its procurement activities with special attention given to such procurement risk. Existing research has studied the use of exchange market-traded commodities in mitigating procurement risk. This study addresses the case of a manufacturer with long-term procurement commitments who wishes to hedge against the risk exposure by using long-dated futures contracts. In the commodities markets, however, long-dated futures are often illiquid or even unavailable, thus making the hedge ineffective. Alternatively, in a stack-and-roll hedge, the hedging positions are rolled forward in actively traded short-dated futures contracts of equal maturity until the procurement is executed. This in effect replicates the long-term futures contract in performing a hedge. This study therefore aims at developing a dynamic stack-and-roll approach that can effectively manage the long maturity procurement risk. The proposed dynamic stack-and-roll approach is inherently a discrete-time hedging strategy that divides the procurement planning horizon into multiple decision stages. The nearby futures are adopted as the short-dated futures as they are typically liquid. The hedging positions are adjusted periodically in response to the commodity price behaviour and updated information about the forward customer demand. For a manufacturer who wishes to mitigate the procurement risk as well as maximise the terminal revenue after the procurement, the mean-variance objective function is employed to model the manufacturer’s risk aversion behaviour. Then, a dynamic program formulation of the approach is presented for determining a closed-form expression of the optimal hedging positions. Notice that the hedging policy is a time-consistent mean-variance policy in discrete-time, in contrast to the existing discrete hedging approaches that employ minimum-variance policies. In this study, the commodity prices are modelled by a fractal nonlinear regression process that employs a recurrent wavelet neural network as the nonlinear function. The purpose of this arrangement is to incorporate the fractal properties discovered in commodity prices series. In the wavelet transform domain, fractal self-similarity and self-affinity information of the price series over a certain time scale can be extracted. The Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) algorithm is applied to train the neural network for its lower training error comparing with classical gradient descent algorithms. Monthly returns and volatility of commodity prices are estimated by daily returns data in order to increase the estimation accuracy and facilitate effective hedging. The demand information is updated stage by stage using Bayesian inference. The updating process are defined and adapted to a filtration, which can be regarded as the information received at the beginning of each decision stage. Numerical experiments are carried out to evaluate the performance of the proposed stack-and-roll approach. The results show that the proposed approach robustly outperforms other hedging strategies that employ minimum-variance or naïve policies, and effectively mitigate the procurement risk.
published_or_final_version
Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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10

West, Stephanie Anne. "Essays on asymmetric information in government contracting." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40026.

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Книги з теми "Construction contracts – Mathematical models"

1

William, Schwartzkopf, ed. Calculating lost labor productivity in construction claims. New York: Wiley Law Publications, 1995.

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2

Marcet, Albert. Recursive contracts. Florence: European University Institute, 1998.

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3

Kalashnikov, Vladimir Vi͡acheslavovich. Mathematical methods for construction of queueing models. Pacific Grove, Calif: Wadsworth & Brooks/Cole, 1990.

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4

Kalashnikov, V. V., and S. T. Rachev. Mathematical Methods for Construction of Queueing Models. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1475-2.

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5

Englmaier, Florian. Optimal incentive contracts under inequity aversion. Bonn, Germany: IZA, 2005.

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6

Barten, A. P. Methodological aspects of macroeconomic model construction. Louvain-la-Neuve: Academia, 1987.

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7

Lacker, Jeffrey Malcolm. Optimal contracts under costly state falsification. West Lafayette, Ind: Institute for Research in the Behavioral, Economic, and Management Sciences, Krannert Graduate School of Management, Purdue University, 1989.

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8

Lacker, Jeffrey Malcolm. Optimal contracts under costly state falsification. West Lafayette, Ind: Institute for Research in the Behavioral, Economic, and Management Sciences, Krannert Graduate School of Management, Purdue University, 1988.

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9

Fredley, John. Contracts with the trades: Scope of work models for home builders. Washington, D.C: Home Builder Press, 1997.

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10

P, Baker George. Subjective performance measures in optimal incentive contracts. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1993.

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Частини книг з теми "Construction contracts – Mathematical models"

1

Baldwin, John T. "The Construction of Many Nonisomorphic Models." In Perspectives in Mathematical Logic, 283–91. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-07330-8_14.

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2

Kalashnikov, V. V., and S. T. Rachev. "Simplification and Approximation of Probability Models." In Mathematical Methods for Construction of Queueing Models, 348–97. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1475-2_8.

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3

Kalashnikov, V. V., and S. T. Rachev. "Characterization of the Components of Queueing Models." In Mathematical Methods for Construction of Queueing Models, 125–201. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1475-2_4.

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4

Kalashnikov, V. V., and S. T. Rachev. "Substantive Formulation of the Problem of Queueing Model Construction." In Mathematical Methods for Construction of Queueing Models, 1–16. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1475-2_1.

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5

Kalashnikov, V. V., and S. T. Rachev. "The Concept of Characterization as a General Mathematical Schema for Constructing Queueing Models." In Mathematical Methods for Construction of Queueing Models, 17–47. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1475-2_2.

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6

Kalashnikov, V. V., and S. T. Rachev. "Probability Metrics." In Mathematical Methods for Construction of Queueing Models, 48–124. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1475-2_3.

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7

Kalashnikov, V. V., and S. T. Rachev. "Methods of Analysis of the Continuity of Queueing Models." In Mathematical Methods for Construction of Queueing Models, 202–301. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1475-2_5.

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8

Kalashnikov, V. V., and S. T. Rachev. "Construction of Queueing Models from Observations of Their Inputs — Direct Problems of Characterization." In Mathematical Methods for Construction of Queueing Models, 302–27. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1475-2_6.

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9

Kalashnikov, V. V., and S. T. Rachev. "Identification of Individual Queueing Models from Observations of Output Data — Inverse Characterization Problems." In Mathematical Methods for Construction of Queueing Models, 328–47. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1475-2_7.

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Schweitzer, Marc Alexander, and Sa Wu. "A Moving Least Squares Approach to the Construction of Discontinuous Enrichment Functions." In Singular Phenomena and Scaling in Mathematical Models, 347–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00786-1_15.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Construction contracts – Mathematical models"

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Osborne, Patrick. "Blockchain and Smart Contracts for Know Your Customer (KYC)." In Construction Blockchain Conference 2021. Design Computation, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47330/cbc.2021.jtvv4544.

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Анотація:
Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) and Blockchain Technology (BCT) are options for introducing smart and transitive energy trading via a Know Your Customer or Know Your Client (KYC) system using an Ethereum Blockchain. The most significant context in which BCT can create transformative change is in the verification of other parties in an energy trading system. Currently the KYC trade mostly relies on internal controls to send and receive KYC information across the globe, resulting in slower and error prone data management and governance. BCT can solve this by providing immutable and verifiable data sources. Implementing smart contract addressing, the issue of storing critical data necessary at different stages of KYC and making it verifiable by all stakeholders is of critical importance. The literature review looks at the current research in BCT, programming languages used in BCT, Game Theory, Zero-Knowledge Proofs and energy trading in context to KYC. Having a foundational concept mathematically by creating game theoretic models and a simple computer programming simulation is the first step in the task of creating a true BCT platform that can be used in energy trading for KYC. Simulating the scenarios of n-player games is important to the advancement of this platform. The key result of these games and interaction between traders will help change the trading systems regionally and internationally. This can deliver new ways of working and brings visibility and control to each energy trade. The researcher analyses the strength of the system through the decisions of the traders using infinite games. New trading strategies and BCT resources with different parameters gain a larger market presence in international trade with these proofs, codifications and simulations. A gap exists in the literature in BCT in the creation of game theory algorithms as well as using simulation tools and software and using these methods to create forecasted energy trading scenarios with the implementation of KYC. Looking at an infinite game mathematically and presenting a simple codified computer simulation using Ethereum via Solidity involving a supplier, operator and regulator will give new implications in game theory and conflict-resolution scenarios within context to energy trading and KYC via BCT.
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Séquin, Carlo H. "Interactive construction of 3D mathematical visualization models." In Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1944745.1944786.

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de Wardt, John, Robert Wylie, Moray Laing, Matt Isbell, Karma Slusarchuk, Arnfinn Groette, and Scott Boone. "History, Disruptors and Future of Changing Well Construction Business Models." In IADC/SPE International Drilling Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/208776-ms.

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Abstract Advances in performance, digitalization, and automation create the environment for significant changes in well construction business models. Drilling contractors and suppliers are now better positioned to quantify the savings generated by their technology investments and define commercial structures that equitably share in the savings. This paper reviews disruptors driving non-traditional forms of contracting leading to a new value-driven business model based on a System of Systems architecture that meets industry needs. Disruptors driving new reward methods for technology providers are overcoming barriers resisting change such as status quo inertia, legal liability, and fear of sharing data. For example, new real-time systems enable remote operation expansion and improve operational alignment; digitalization and open data exchange create operational transparency across the complex well construction organization; process automation is being applied to multiple systems and is being scaled across equipment fleets. Organizational alignment to common value goals can be achieved through a System of Systems (SoS) architecture. This approach permits aligned and cascading outcome-based goals, including broader objectives like safety, environmental, social, and governance (ESG), to be recognized throughout the System of Systems which spans all operational elements. Two case studies are presented: one for short duration repetitive wells and one for longer duration offshore wells. Incentive style contracts have cycled through footage targets, "Drilling in the Nineties" style contracts, gainshare models, and even production enhancement/sharing contracts. Lump sum turnkey-style contracts have become established, and gainshare is making a comeback. Today, the changing landscape of digitized integration and automation from supplier investment creates an environment in which a high rate of change is becoming the norm. Modern incentive contracts, and other methods to invest in new technology based on aligned goals, are expected to increase in usage. As well delivery becomes more efficient using the new systems and tools, incentive contracts also enable ways to account for and exchange value. System of Systems architectures, leveraging those recent advancements, can provide an industry approach, at the higher levels, for improved application of common style incentive contracts. Crucially, the value can be quantifiably distributed, and new commercial value streams can be created and measured, driving new and adaptable business models. Capital asset-based contracting could become redundant in this new business and operational paradigm. System of Systems is a way of describing the digital and physical interconnectedness of well construction. It maps and manages how system elements interact to provide unique capabilities that none of the constituent systems can accomplish independently. System of Systems simplifies these complex processes and interactions of well construction with better organizational alignment.
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Lankin, A., S. Gladkikh, and N. Narakidze. "Construction of Mathematical Models for Predictive Diagnostics of Electromagnetic Drives." In 2021 International Conference on Industrial Engineering, Applications and Manufacturing (ICIEAM). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icieam51226.2021.9446368.

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Kalyanam, Sureshkumar, Lance Hill, Gery Wilkowski, and Frederick Brust. "Computational Mechanics Based Validation of Crack Growth Approaches for Fracture Specimen Predictions." In ASME 2022 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-84898.

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Abstract The last several decades have seen growth in elastic-plastic fracture mechanics and the modeling of the behavior of structural steels employed in the nuclear, oil and gas, and other construction industries. Among these are a particular class of problems that provide challenges in modeling the physical behavior of structural steels using finite element modeling (FEM) approach that are based on microstructural damage and using parameters that depict the strain and stress states in the material region ahead of an existing crack. In this work, a recently experimented and investigated pipeline steel X80 material was modeled through two different fracture specimen geometries, namely single-edge-notch-tension, SEN(T) and compact-tension, C(T) to compare and contrast the predictions from two material damage models (microstructure and continuum based). The predictions from both these damage models that predict the ductile crack growth have been compared to the experimental findings of the crack growth (obtained using a d-c Electric Potential measurement technique), the corresponding load levels, and crack opening displacements (CODs). The points of similarity between the experimental measurements and the fracture surface observations of crack growth and the predictions from the FEM approach have been discussed. The same X80 material properties and damage model parameters were employed to predict the ductile crack growth in the two different fracture specimen geometries, SEN(T) and C(T) with a subtle change of one of the parameter values. This sheds light on the predictability of the crack initiation event and the subsequent ductile crack growth until failure using these damage models. The findings provide credence to the applicability of either model (after they are carefully tuned to arrive at optimized parameters) for piping materials while providing a framework for flaw evaluation methodologies. The investigation also opens the doors for regions where mesh regularization methods and modeling approaches along with mathematical relations can be developed to form a more efficient framework for modeling specimens with diverse constraints efficiently and develop material fracture resistance curves.
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Goncalves, D. E., J. D. Sanjuan, S. E. Di´az, and M. Pacheco. "Experimental Construction of Reduced Mathematical Models of Rotating Equipments in Operation." In ASME Turbo Expo 2003, collocated with the 2003 International Joint Power Generation Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2003-38753.

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An experimental method is proposed to obtain simplified mathematical models of rotating equipment systems. The Instrumental Variable Filter (IVF) method is applied to estimate mass, damping and stiffness force coefficients within a frequency range, through experimental measurements. This method is based on the least squares approximation technique and it uses analytical weight functions to reduce the effect of noise in the measurements. The experimental data is obtained for different configurations of rotating equipments, which consist of rigid wheels, a flexible shaft supported by bushing bearings, an electrical motor, a base-plate, and a concrete foundation. Frequency response functions (FRF) were obtained by impact excitation techniques. In the tests, the unbalanced response measurements were compared with the ones predicted by the IVF model. The method allows the study of mass, damping and stiffness force coefficients as a function of excitation frequency. Linearities and non-linearities of phenomena are identified, and the method sums up all the individual components into a definition for the system. The tests were conducted by operating, or not, the motor, in order to evaluate the IVF method in both cases. The high correlation between the IVF (FRF, and unbalance responses) and the actual measurements of the FRF and unbalance responses, shows that the method generates useful mathematical models of dynamic systems, that can have industrial applications. Modal analysis methods were used to compare the natural frequencies and the damping ratios, obtained by dynamic coefficients estimation.
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Zhao, Wei, and Shenjun Xu. "Mathematical Modeling for Contingency Determination for Nuclear Power Plant Construction Projects." In 2014 22nd International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone22-31254.

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This paper uses the China AP1000 project as an example to exhibit the application of quantitative risk management in nuclear power plant construction projects. For those lump sum contracts, one of the most significant purposes of quantitative risk management is to determine the contingency, i.e. the reserved money and time for projects. This paper studies the application of Monte Carlo simulation in determining the contingency, taking into account the distinctive features of nuclear power projects. Most nuclear power projects, especially advanced ones such as Generation III and above, meet one common obstacle in estimating key economic indicators — the absence of historical data due to its avant-garde design. As cost estimators of the coal power plant contractors may collect their data from thousands of previous cases, nuclear power plant contractors, especially in many developing countries, do not have a shared database of financial data. Some first-of-a-kind nuclear power plants have absolutely no historical data to look up. This paper aims to provide a resolution to this problem. First, the feasibility and representativeness of different probability distributions are compared based on their respective skewness and kurtosis to determine the best-suited distribution in nuclear power projects. This paper also analyzes the use of second-order Monte Carlo simulation in reducing the error caused by the biased estimation of inexperienced risk assessment engineers.
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Czichon, Cary, Robert W. Peterson, Erik Mettala, Jerry Speer, and Jeff Stahl. "Model-Based Coordination of Autonomous Vehicle Teams." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-81073.

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In order to coordinate autonomous robotic vehicle teams as they perform tactical tasks, a task formalism incorporating graphical (but mathematically rigorous) process models is being used. This extendable formalism, associated modeling methodology, and integrated modeling and execution environment are being developed by a U.S. Army funded SBIR project (RDECOM Contract N61339-04-C-0005). Colored Petri Nets (CPNs) provide the mathematical rigor needed for task and composite (ensemble) behavior modeling, while being conceptually elegant and easily displayed. Higher level task models can contain more fundamental models, allowing hierarchical model composition. Typed places within CPNs can hold tokens representing robotic equipment performing specific roles in a mission comprised of one or more tactical tasks. Army Tactical Tasks (ARTs) are defined within the Army Universal Task List (AUTL), FM 7-15. CPN mechanics support task synchronization and process simulation. CPN-based models can be enhanced to incorporate adaptive reasoning and dynamic/summative evaluation capabilities. In this SBIR project, executable task models are encapsulated by task agents operating within agent clusters. These clusters control virtual robotic vehicles (existing within constructive simulators like OneSAF) while multi-stage tactical missions are being performed.
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Grigor’ev, Yuri M., Marpha N. Borisova, Viktoriya Ya Longinova, and Anna A. Ivanova. "Mathematical models of lightning-induced voltages in transmission lines in a permafrost region." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING ENGINEERING (ICONBUILD) 2017: Smart Construction Towards Global Challenges. Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5012638.

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Serrano, Hugo, and Yukihiro Minami. "THE CONSTRUCTION OF PHYSICAL MODELS AND THE DIFFICULTY OF THEIR MATHEMATICAL REPRESENTATION." In International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies. IATED, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/edulearn.2017.1978.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Construction contracts – Mathematical models"

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Hlushak, Oksana M., Svetlana O. Semenyaka, Volodymyr V. Proshkin, Stanislav V. Sapozhnykov, and Oksana S. Lytvyn. The usage of digital technologies in the university training of future bachelors (having been based on the data of mathematical subjects). [б. в.], July 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3860.

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This article demonstrates that mathematics in the system of higher education has outgrown the status of the general education subject and should become an integral part of the professional training of future bachelors, including economists, on the basis of intersubject connection with special subjects. Such aspects as the importance of improving the scientific and methodological support of mathematical training of students by means of digital technologies are revealed. It is specified that in order to implement the task of qualified training of students learning econometrics and economic and mathematical modeling, it is necessary to use digital technologies in two directions: for the organization of electronic educational space and in the process of solving applied problems at the junction of the branches of economics and mathematics. The advantages of using e-learning courses in the educational process are presented (such as providing individualization of the educational process in accordance with the needs, characteristics and capabilities of students; improving the quality and efficiency of the educational process; ensuring systematic monitoring of the educational quality). The unified structures of “Econometrics”, “Economic and mathematical modeling” based on the Moodle platform are the following ones. The article presents the results of the pedagogical experiment on the attitude of students to the use of e-learning course (ELC) in the educational process of Borys Grinchenko Kyiv University and Alfred Nobel University (Dnipro city). We found that the following metrics need improvement: availability of time-appropriate mathematical materials; individual approach in training; students’ self-expression and the development of their creativity in the e-learning process. The following opportunities are brought to light the possibilities of digital technologies for the construction and research of econometric models (based on the problem of dependence of the level of the Ukrainian population employment). Various stages of building and testing of the econometric model are characterized: identification of variables, specification of the model, parameterization and verification of the statistical significance of the obtained results.
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