Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Constituent assemblies"
Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями
Ознайомтеся зі списками актуальних статей, книг, дисертацій, тез та інших наукових джерел на тему "Constituent assemblies".
Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.
Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.
Статті в журналах з теми "Constituent assemblies"
1
Chen, Charlotte H., Liam C. Palmer, and Samuel I. Stupp. "Self-sorting in supramolecular assemblies." Soft Matter 17, no. 14 (2021): 3902–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1sm00113b.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Two minority fluorescent constituents of a multicomponent supramolecular system undergo self-sorting, mediated by their electrostatic interactions with a third non-fluorescent constituent that comprises 99 mol% of the system.
2
Worrall, J. A. R., M. Górna, X. Y. Pei, D. R. Spring, R. L. Nicholson, and B. F. Luisi. "Design and chance in the self-assembly of macromolecules." Biochemical Society Transactions 35, no. 3 (May 22, 2007): 502–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0350502.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The principles of self-assembly are described for naturally occurring macromolecules and for complex assemblies formed from simple synthetic constituents. Many biological molecules owe their function and specificity to their three-dimensional folds, and, in many cases, these folds are specified entirely by the sequence of the constituent amino acids or nucleic acids, and without the requirement for additional machinery to guide the formation of the structure. Thus sequence may often be sufficient to guide the assembly process, starting from denatured components having little or no folds, to the completion state with the stable, equilibrium fold that encompasses functional activity. Self-assembly of homopolymeric structures does not necessarily preserve symmetry, and some polymeric assemblies are organized so that their chemically identical subunits pack stably in geometrically non-equivalent ways. Self-assembly can also involve scaffolds that lack structure, as seen in the multi-enzyme assembly, the degradosome. The stable self-assembly of lipids into dynamic membraneous sheets is also described, and an example is shown in which a synthetic detergent can assemble into membrane layers.
3
Ren, Xiaofeng, and Chong Wang. "Stationary disk assemblies in a ternary system with long range interaction." Communications in Contemporary Mathematics 21, no. 06 (August 27, 2019): 1850046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219199718500463.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The free energy of a ternary system, such as a triblock copolymer, is a sum of two parts: an interface energy determined by the size of the interfaces separating the micro-domains of the three constituents, and a long range interaction energy that serves to prevent unlimited micro-domain growth. In two dimensions a parameter range is identified where the system admits stable stationary disk assemblies. Such an assembly consists of perturbed disks made from either type-I constituent or type-II constituent. All the type-I disks have approximately the same radius and all the type-II disks also have approximately the same radius. The locations of the disks are determined by minimization of a function. Depending on the parameters, the disks of the two types can be mixed in an organized way, or mixed in a random way. They can also be fully separated. The first scenario offers a mathematical proof of the existence of a morphological phase for triblock copolymers conjectured by polymer scientists. The last scenario shows that the ternary system is capable of producing two levels of structure. The primary structure is at the microscopic level where disks form near-perfect lattices. The secondary structure is at the macroscopic level forming two large regions, one filled with type-I disks and the other filled with type-II disks. A macroscopic, circular interface separates the two regions.
4
Coropceanu, Igor, Eric M. Janke, Joshua Portner, Danny Haubold, Trung Dac Nguyen, Avishek Das, Christian P. N. Tanner, et al. "Self-assembly of nanocrystals into strongly electronically coupled all-inorganic supercrystals." Science 375, no. 6587 (March 25, 2022): 1422–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abm6753.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Colloidal nanocrystals of metals, semiconductors, and other functional materials can self-assemble into long-range ordered crystalline and quasicrystalline phases, but insulating organic surface ligands prevent the development of collective electronic states in ordered nanocrystal assemblies. We reversibly self-assembled colloidal nanocrystals of gold, platinum, nickel, lead sulfide, and lead selenide with conductive inorganic ligands into supercrystals exhibiting optical and electronic properties consistent with strong electronic coupling between the constituent nanocrystals. The phase behavior of charge-stabilized nanocrystals can be rationalized and navigated with phase diagrams computed for particles interacting through short-range attractive potentials. By finely tuning interparticle interactions, the assembly was directed either through one-step nucleation or nonclassical two-step nucleation pathways. In the latter case, the nucleation was preceded by the formation of two metastable colloidal fluids.
5
Langacker,, Ronald W. "Elliptic coordination." Cognitive Linguistics 23, no. 3 (August 28, 2012): 555–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cog-2012-0017.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractProposals are made to expand and refine previous analyses of coordination in Cognitive Grammar. The account presupposes a number of general notions established independently: (i) flexible symbolic assemblies (rather than constituency) as the basis for describing grammar; (ii) a dynamic view of structure (as patterns of activity occurring in windows of attention on different time scales); (iii) a metaphor involving access, activation, and conceptual overlap (to complement the standard compositional metaphor); and (iv) various kinds of abstraction (including schematicity, the type/instance distinction, and the invocation of virtual entities). Coordination is characterized as the mental juxtaposition of entities conceived as being analogous. These notions are first employed to describe the conjoining of constituents, including clauses. Non-constituent coordination is analyzed in the context of other sorts of clausal “reduction”, including the accentual reduction of unfocused elements in English as well as ellipsis, where overlapping content is left unexpressed. A pivotal descriptive notion is the differential, i.e. the content appearing in one clausal window that does not appear in the prior window. The anti-differential consists of any previously active content that the differential conflicts with and suppresses. Non-constituent coordination is a special case of ellipsis where the differential and anti-differential function as conjuncts.
6
Rubinelli, Lucia. "How to think beyond sovereignty: On Sieyes and constituent power." European Journal of Political Theory 18, no. 1 (April 17, 2016): 47–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1474885116642170.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Historians and political theorists have long been interested in how the principle of people’s power was conceptualised during the French Revolution. Traditionally, two diverging accounts emerge, one of national and the other of popular sovereignty, the former associated with moderate monarchist deputies, including the Abbé Sieyes, and the latter with the Jacobins. This paper argues against this binary interpretation of the political thought of the French Revolution, in favour of a third account of people’s power, Sieyes’ idea of pouvoir constituant. Traditionally, constituent power has been viewed as a variation of sovereignty, but I show it to be an independent conceptualisation of people’s power. Sieyes’ political theory led him to criticise and refuse contemporary theories of sovereignty in favour of what he understood as a fully modern account of people’s power. Based on extensive research in the archives, I show how Sieyes opposed the deployment of sovereignty by the revolutionary Assemblies and recommended replacing it with the idea of constituent power.
7
Sohn, Ahrum, Minji Gwon, Dukhyun Choi, and Dong-Wook Kim. "Plasmonic Coupling in Three-Dimensional Au Nanoparticle Assemblies Fabricated by Anodic Aluminum Oxide Templates." Journal of Nanomaterials 2013 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/823729.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
We investigated optical properties of three-dimensional (3D) assemblies of Au nanoparticles (NPs), which were fabricated by dewetting of thin Au layers on anodic aluminum oxides (AAO). The NP assembly had hexagonal array of repeated multiparticle structures, which consisted of six trimers on the AAO surface and one large NP in the AAO pore (pore-NP). We performed finite-difference time-domain simulation to explain the optical response of the NP assemblies and compared the calculation results with experimental data. Such complementary studies clearly revealed how the plasmonic coupling between the constituent NPs influenced the spectral response of our NP assemblies. In particular, comparison of the assemblies with and without pore-NPs suggested that strong plasmonic coupling between trimers and pore-NP significantly affected the spectra and the field distribution of the NP assemblies. Plasmonic multi-NP assemblies could provide us new platforms to realize novel optoelectronic devices.
8
MATSUI, A. H., M. TAKESHIMA, K. MIZUNO, and T. AOKI-MATSUMOTO. "PHOTOPHYSICAL OVERVIEW OF EXCITATION ENERGY TRANSFER IN ORGANIC MOLECULAR ASSEMBLIES — A ROUTE TO STUDY BIO-MOLECULAR ARRAYS —." International Journal of Modern Physics B 15, no. 28n30 (December 10, 2001): 3857–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979201008846.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Excitonic processes in organic molecular crystals are discussed in terms of two parameters, the crystal size and the constituent molecule size. From the luminescence and absorption spectra of a series of aromatic molecular crystals we find a systematic change in exciton energy transport as functions of the size of crystal and its constituent molecule size. Characteristic features of bulk crystals and microcrystallites are as follows. (1) In bulk crystals exciton energy transport depends on the constituent molecule size. When molecules are small, the exciton energy transport occurs by free excitons, but when molecules are large free exciton transport disappears because excitons get self-trapped. (2) In microcrystallites, exciton energy transport depends on the crystallite size. When the size is larger than a critical one, excitons travel as quantum mechanical waves but when the size is smaller than the critical one the exciton waves get confined within the crystallite. The results are independent of the chemical species of constituent molecules and thus applicable to novel molecular arrays such as biological molecular arrays.
9
Affan, A., and C. R. Calladine. "Initial Bar Tensions in Pin-Jointed Assemblies." International Journal of Space Structures 4, no. 1 (March 1989): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026635118900400101.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper is concerned with initial bar tensions in pin-jointed statically indeterminate assemblies, for example the grid shown in Fig. 1. Initial tensions are present in such assemblies on account of the lack-of-fit of the constituent bars and joints due to unavoidable inaccuracies in manufacture: and they may contribute to premature collapse of an assembly under increasing load, by predisposing particular bars to early failure by buckling. An algorithm for computing initial stresses due to given lack-of-fit is used to make statistical estimates of the magnitudes of initial bar tensions in a grid assembled from bars whose lengths are specified in the form of a mean and standard deviation. A scheme for computing the attenuation of these initial bar tensions by allowing for a limited amount of “backlash” at the bar-joint connections is also investigated. The theoretical and computational work is supported by a series of detailed experiments on a double-layer space grid of the type shown in Fig. 1, and built from standard MERO spherical bolted junctions: these experiments involve the measurement of initial bar tensions both with and without some deliberate loosening of bolts to produce limited “backlash” at the joints.
10
Stoyan, Alissandra T. "Ambitious Reform Via Constituent Assemblies: Determinants of Success in Contemporary Latin America." Studies in Comparative International Development 55, no. 1 (January 16, 2020): 99–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12116-019-09297-y.
Повний текст джерелаДисертації з теми "Constituent assemblies"
1
Anucha, Dominic Uka. "The impact of constituent assemblies (1978- 1995) on nigerian constitutions and political evolution." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 2010. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/218.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This dissertation addresses the issues of crafting a constitution for Nigeria that would meet the criteria of being visible, sustainable, and durable for national political unity, social and economic development. Specifically, it focuses on the years 1978 —
1995 during which several high profile systematic, constitution crafting exercises were undertaken. These included the establishment of a Constitution Drafting Committee to craft a constitution, and a Constituent Assembly. Ultimately, these exercises have proven to be only partially successful. The goal of producing an endurable constitutional framework for Nigerian politics remains elusive. The two core questions pursued in this dissertation focus on: Why did the military pursue these constitution crafting activities? What are the pressing political issues that the constitutional framework will have to manage? The dissertation pursued these issues through surveys, interviews, a review of government documents and reports, participant observation, and a review of existing literature regarding constitution development, federalism and Nigerian history and politics. Key research findings uncovered pressing political concerns ranging across ethnic fears, gender and youth concern, institutional restructuring and economic subordination. Our findings also related to the elite background of participants in these constitutional exercises, and the intrusion of religion, class, and geographical interests into the deliberations of the assemblies. The continued violation of constitutional provisions by the military was highlighted. The widespread call for a Sovereign National Constitutional Conference to shape a new popular constitution for the country was also a prominent concern.
Key recommendations focus on the need for a national constitutional conference free of political interference and constricting mandates.
2
Herrera, Juan C. "Las cláusulas durmientes de integración latinoamericana: origen, función y alternativas para despertarlas." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/665486.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
¿Es la integración económica, política y social un mandato jurídico en Latinoamérica? ¿Es dicha integración una de las promesas centrales del derecho constitucional contemporáneo de la región? La respuesta rápida es: sí. Para demostrar por qué y para qué, en esta monografía se han creado y analizado taxonomías que explican cada una de las normas relevantes para consolidar un espacio supranacional a partir de las disposiciones existentes en 36 constituciones de las Américas y el Caribe. Con especial énfasis en el caso y la experiencia suramericana, se contextualiza y se reconstruye el origen histórico de estas normas, la función técnica que cumplen y su condición de disposiciones aspiracionales.
En las últimas décadas, América Latina ha avanzado en la construcción de un espacio supranacional común, precisamente por haber despertado otras cláusulas durmientes, las democráticas y de derechos fundamentales. El aporte nuclear de esta investigación consiste en señalar la posibilidad de despertar y dotar de eficacia a las cláusulas de integración regional “profunda”, es decir, la integración económica, política y social como elemento cohesionador de un derecho commune y transformador para la región. Como alternativas para despertarlas, se propone que estas sean interpretadas mediante un criterio pro integratione así como adaptar algunos mecanismos de las experiencias integradoras de Europa, África y Asia.Is economic, political, and social integration a legal objective in Latin America? Is integration one of the central promises of contemporary constitutional law in that region? The quick answer is yes. To demonstrate the reason for and purpose of integration, this dissertation offers a set of taxonomies of thirty-six constitutions of the Americas and the Caribbean for the object of illustrating and analyzing those norms that contemplate the creation of a supranational space. With a special focus on the South American experience, this work aims at contextualizing and reconstructing the historical origins of these norms, their technical function, and their status as aspirational provisions. In recent decades, Latin America has made progress in the construction of a common supranational space. It has done so precisely by ‘awakening’ the dormant clauses concerning democracy and fundamental rights. The key contribution of this research consists of pointing out the possibility of awakening and implementing these clauses for attaining "deeper" regional integration. To this effect, it understands economic, political, and social integration as a cohesive element of a commune and transformative law in the region and proposes to interpret the dormant clauses through a pro integratione criterion as well as to take inspiration from and adapt some mechanisms of the integration experiences in Europe, Africa and Asia.
As cláusulas adormecidas da integração latino-americana: Origem, função e alternativas para despertá-lasA integração econômica, política e social é um mandamento jurídico na América Latina? Esta integração é uma das promessas centrais do direito constitucional contemporâneo na região? A resposta rápida é sim. Para demonstrar por que e para que fins, nesta monografia foram criadas e analisadas as taxonomias que explicam cada uma das normas relevantes para consolidar um espaço supranacional a partir das disposições existentes em 36 constituições das Américas e do Caribe. Com especial ênfase no caso e na experiência sul-americana, são contextualizados e reconstruídos a origem histórica dessas normas, sua função técnica e seu status como disposições operacionais.Nas últimas décadas, a América Latina avançou na construção de um espaço supranacional comum, justamente porque despertou outras cláusulas adormecidas, as democráticas e relativas aos direitos fundamentais. A contribuição nuclear desta pesquisa consiste em apontar a possibilidade de despertar e efetivar as cláusulas de integração regional "profunda", ou seja, a integração econômica, política e social como elemento coeso de um direito commune e transformador para a região. Como alternativas para despertá-las, propõe-se que estas sejam interpretadas através de um critério pro integratione, assim como a adaptação de alguns mecanismos das experiências integrativas da Europa, África e Ásia.
3
Medeiros, Danilo Buscatto. "Organizando maiorias, agregando preferências: a Assembleia Nacional Constituinte de 1987-88." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8131/tde-10052013-125220/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Reza a literatura neo-institucionalista que as normas que regem um processo decisório terão grande influência sobre o resultado final. Isto vale também para Assembleia Nacional Constituinte de 1987-1988. Não fosse assim um agrupamento de parlamentares descontentes com o andamento dos trabalhos constituintes não teria insurgido com uma proposta para a reformulação do Regimento Interno após quase um ano de funcionamento. Entender a importância do arcabouço institucional para as disputas políticas e o resultado final da ANC éa questão central desta dissertação. Desta forma, pretende-seresponder a seguinte pergunta: quais os efeitos tanto das normas que regularam o processo de formação/convocação da ANC, quanto do seu regimento que foi alterado ao longo dos trabalhos sobre o resultado final? O modelo de constituinte aprovado na convocação (congressual e não exclusiva) e o formato dos trabalhos constituintes (descentralização em subcomissões e comissões temáticas) foram amplamente contestados e disputados pelas consequências que os atores políticos antecipavam ou projetavam sobre elas. Os atores políticos sempre sabem que regras afetam resultados. Resta saber se eles sempre anteciparam corretamentee, para tanto, é possívelatentar para como eles se comportaram. Com o intuito de aprofundar o debate sobre a interação estratégica noprocesso constituinte, são analisadas as votações nominais no plenário da Constituinte para compreender como atores coletivos organizam preferências, reunindo maiorias em disputas políticas radicalizadas.According to the new institutionalist literature, the rules regulating a decision making process play great influence on its final result. Thisassumption applies to the 1987-1988 National Constituent Assembly (NCA). Otherwise, a group of legislators dissatisfied with the works course would not have risen with a proposal to reform the Internal Rules after two years of Assembly. The main goal of this work is tocomprehend the importance of the institutional structure for the political contests and the final result of the NCA. Thus, I aim to answer the following question: what are the effects of the rules regulating the convocation of the NCA, as well as the rules regulating its works which have changed during theprocess on the final results? The constitution-making design approved at the beginning (a congressional one instead of an exclusive one) and the organization form of the works (decentralized in thematic commissions) were largely contested because of the consequences political actors were anticipating and looking forward to, since they are always aware of the rule´s impact. The question is whether or not they anticipated it correctly, and for such it is possible to watch how they have behaved. Attempting to deepen the debate about strategic interaction on the constitutional process, the roll calls will be analyzed in order to understand how collective actors organize their preferences, building majorities in radicalized political contests.
4
Lisowski, Telma Rocha. "O poder constituinte entre continuidade e ruptura: limites, tradição e transformação." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2134/tde-13022014-112657/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A fundação ou refundação de uma comunidade política nunca significa um começo ou uma transformação absoluta, pois toda mudança, ainda que se possa considerá-la revolucionária, traz consigo uma carga de continuidade. A partir dessa hipótese, o presente trabalho analisará o conceito de poder constituinte originário, procurando demonstrar alguns equívocos e insuficiências da sua teorização clássica. O principal problema a ser apontado é que a teoria do poder constituinte originário, entendida como teoria da ruptura, pode gerar uma indistinção entre poder e autoridade e, em última análise, entre poder e direito, favorecendo assim uma formulação radical da democracia. Apresenta-se, como alternativa, uma visão do poder constituinte que não o coloca como criador absoluto de toda ordem jurídica e política, mas como sendo em parte criatura de uma ordem pré-existente, o que implica a existência de limites à sua atuação. Esses limites derivam, de um lado, do pressuposto de que tratamos do poder constituinte de titularidade popular, o que significa que o próprio procedimento de elaboração constitucional deverá obedecer a alguns princípios democráticos; de outro lado, há uma série de limites decorrentes das instituições que se desenvolveram em determinado local e época, bem como do grau de organização e das concepções prévias do povo que pretende constituir-se em comunidade política. As ideias expostas ao longo do trabalho serão operacionalizadas através do estudo de um exemplo concreto, qual seja, o da Assembleia Nacional Constituinte brasileira de 1987/1988. Serão analisados alguns elementos que demonstram o elevado grau de continuidade institucional entre a ordem constitucional instaurada a partir desse marco e a ordem anterior, dando especial atenção à manutenção da forma de Estado, forma e sistema de governo. No polo oposto, estudar-se-ão os elementos que marcam a ruptura entre essas duas ordens, com destaque para a alteração essencial no regime político. Ao final do trabalho, espera-se apresentar uma concepção alternativa de poder constituinte originário em contraposição àquela de poder constituinte derivado, evitando caracterizá-lo como ilimitado e incondicionado, como pretende a teoria clássica.The foundation or refoundation of a political community doesnt signify an absolute beginning or transformation, for there is some load of continuity in every change, even when it is considered to be revolutionary. From that hypothesis, this work will analyze the concept of originary constituent power, by trying to show some oversights and insufficiencies of its classical theory. The major problem to be mentioned is that the theory of the constituent power, when understood as a theory of rupture, can lead to confusion between power and authority and between power and law, which favors a radical formulation of democracy. As an alternative, another point of view from the constituent power will be introduced, one that doesnt put it as an absolute creator of the juridical and political order, but as a creature of a pre-existent order, bringing therefore limits to its proceeding. On the one hand, these limits come from the assumption that we are dealing with the constituent power of popular titularity, which means that the making of the constitution itself will have to obey some democratic principles; on the other hand, there is a series of limits that derive from the institutions developed in a determined time and place, as from the organizational level and previous conceptions from the people that want to build a body politics. The ideas exposed in the firsts chapters will be exemplified through the study of a case, that of the Brazilian National Constituent Assembly of 1987/1988. At this point, the work will analyze some elements that demonstrate the great level of institutional continuity between the new and the old constitutional orders, with special attention to the maintenance of the federal form of state and the presidential system. On the other side, it will be studied which elements define de rupture between the two orders, discussing the essential alteration of the political regime. In the end, we expect to present an alternative notion of the originary constituent power in comparison with that of derived constituent power, avoiding its characterization as an unlimited and unconditional body, as the classical theory intends.
5
Filho, José Filomeno de Moraes. "Congresso Constituinte, constituição dirigente e estado de bem-estar." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2133/tde-06052010-165428/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A presente tese tem por objetivo a análise da decisão sobre a constituição econômica, no âmbito da realização da constituição dirigente e da instituição do Estado Democrático e Social de Direito no Brasil, por meio do processo constituinte levado a efeito nos anos de 1987 e 1988. Partindo da constatação de que a literatura jurídico-constitucional brasileira não dá a necessária atenção à problemática constituinte nem à articulação entre Estado, Constituição e Política e tendo em vista a constituição econômica presente no texto constitucional de 1988, o trabalho articula os temas do poder constituinte, da constituição dirigente-econômica e da reconstrução do Estado, utilizando-se do instrumental da teoria constitucional, da teoria do Estado e da história constitucional. Avalia-se, pois, que a manifestação do poder constituinte se inscreve como locus privilegiado para a observação da correspondência entre Estado, Constituição e Política, demonstrado pela observação das suas manifestações no Brasil, em diversos momentos, nomeadamente em 1987/1988. De fato, na esteira da convocação estabelecida pela Emenda Constitucional n. 26, de 27 de novembro de 1985, o Brasil viveu um dos mais importantes momentos de ativação política da sociedade civil organizada, que dava continuidade ao processo de mudança política, o qual, iniciando-se em meados da década de 70 e prolongando-se pelos anos 80, ocasionou a inflexão do regime militar, a construção de instituições representativas e multipartidárias e a realização de uma nova Constituição. Assim, se o ritmo cadenciado das mudanças e as negociações entre os agentes que pressionavam pela abertura política e os líderes do regime burocrático-autoritário sugeriram a existência de um tipo especial de transição, denominado transição pela transação, e apesar das limitações constantes do ato convocatório do Congresso Constituinte, o produto final do esforço constituinte ficou mais próximo das aspirações democráticas e progressistas. Constata-se que, nas duas últimas décadas, apesar das transformações que ocorreram no capitalismo, com a desconstrução do padrão regulatório keyenesiano, a expansão dos mercados, a relativização do Estado, enfim, a ameaça neoliberal, o caráter dirigente da Constituição brasileira, todavia, mantém-se intacto. Por tudo isso, decorridos vinte anos da promulgação da Constituição Federal, conformação normativa de uma ordem econômica, fundada na valorização do trabalho humano e na livre iniciativa, com o fim de assegurar a todos existência digna, conforme os ditames da justiça social (CF, art. 170, caput), representa um salto de qualidade no constitucionalismo nacional e está a desafiar a realização conjunta da democracia política, da sociedade de bem-estar e do desenvolvimento econômico.This thesis has as its objective an analysis of the decision on the \"economic constitution\", within the ambit of the directive constitution and the establishment of the Social and Democratic State of Law in Brazil, through the constituent process carried out during the years of 1987 and 1988. In view of the fact that legal and constitutional Brazilian literature does not give the necessary attention to the problem nor the linkage between constituent State, Constitution and Politics and in view of the \"economic constitution\" laid out in the constitutional text of 1988, this paper articulates the themes of constituent power, economic directive constitution and the reconstruction of the State, using the tools of constitutional theory, theory of the state and constitutional history. So, it has been assessed that the manifestation of the constituent power comes as privileged locus for the observation of the correlation between State, Constitution and Politics, demonstrated by observing its manifestations in Brazil, at different times, particularly in 1987/1988. In fact, in the wake of the call established by the 26th Constitutional Amendment, from November 27th 1985, Brazil experienced one of its most important moments of political awakening of organized civil society, which had been pushing for political change, from the mid-70s and into the 80s, that led to the fall of the military regime, the building of representative institutions and the founding of multiparty system and a new constitution. Thus, if the rhythmical pace of change and the negotiations between the players that struggled for political opening and the leaders of the political and bureaucratic-authoritarian regime suggested the existence of a special type of transition, called \"transition through the transaction\", and despite the limitations of the call for the Constituent Congress, the final product of the effort was closer to the constitutional democratic and progressive aspirations. It appears that in the past two decades, despite the changes that have occurred in capitalism, with the abandonment of Keynes regulatory standard, the expansion of markets, the relativization of the state, in other words, the neoliberal threat, the leading character of the Brazilian Constitution, however, remains intact. It can be concluded that after twenty years of the enactment of the Federal Constitution, conformation of a normative \"economic order, based on the enhancement of human labor and free enterprise\", in order to \"ensure a dignified livelihood for all, according to the dictates of social justice\" (Federal Constitution, art. 170, caput), it represents a great leap in national constitutionalism and challenges a joint realization of political democracy, social welfare and economic development.
6
Martins, Rodrigo. "O processo decisório na Assembleia Nacional Constituinte de 1987-88: a escolha do sistema de governo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8131/tde-11042014-101746/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Mesmo após ter completado 25 anos, a Constituinte de 1987/88 suscitou até agora, no campo da Ciência Política, relativamente poucos trabalhos acadêmicos de fôlego. Apesar de alguns estudos evidenciarem a importância e centralidade do debate entre presidencialismo e parlamentarismo na Constituinte, nenhum deles se aprofundou no tema, evidenciando como se deu o processo decisório em torno da questão, quais grupos defenderam certas posições, quais eram seus interesses, quais propostas foram feitas e porque uma delas sagrou-se vitoriosa ao final. Esta dissertação tem como objetivo o estudo do processo decisório da Assembleia Nacional Constituinte brasileira de 1987/1988, no que diz respeito a escolha do sistema de governo, questão central do debate institucional na época. A pretensão e analisar quais as linhas de força que, ao longo do processo constituinte, manifestaram-se a esse respeito, e quais os meios que foram vislumbrados para torná-los efetivos. Para isso, torna-se necessário identificar e analisar os atores relevantes, a natureza de suas preferências políticas, a interação desenvolvida e as opções por eles gestadas e postas em prática, em meio a um processo deliberativo de tipo especial, aquele que geralmente marca as assembleias constituintes.Even after 25 years, the Brazilian Constituent Assembly of 1987-88, as of late, was the object of relatively few important academic studies in the eld of Political Science. Although some studies demonstrate the importance and centrality of the debate between presidentialism and parliamentarism in the Assembly, none of them has studied the topic in depth, showing how was the decision making process around the issue , which groups advocated certain positions, which were their interests, which proposed were made and the reason why one of them was victorious at the end. This work\'s goal is the study of the decision-making process of the Brazilian National Constituent Assembly of 1987-1988, with respect to the choice of the government system, the central issue of the institutional debate at the time. The intention is to analyze which lines of force emerged in this regard along the constituent process, and what means were envisioned to make them eective. For this, it is necessary to identify and analyze the relevant actors, the nature of their political preferences, how the interaction between actors took place and the developed and implemented options in the midst of a deliberative process of a special kind, one that often marks the constituent assemblies.
7
Lira, Erygeanny Machado de. "A celebração da unidade: um estudo sobre as concepções de soberania na Assembleia Constituinte de 1823." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8131/tde-25052015-161617/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Este trabalho tem o objetivo de investigar as formulações políticas, em especial as noções de soberania, no Diário da Assembleia Geral Constituinte e Legislativa do Império, lido no contexto do seu tempo. Imersos no agitado período de transição entre o absolutismo do período colonial e o constitucionalismo que emergia no reino independente, os constituintes de 1823, atentos ao ideário da Revolução Francesa e da Independência das colônias da América do Norte, viram-se envoltos em questões que marcariam a fundação de uma nova ordem política: a primeira girou em torno de decidir quem era o titular da soberania; a segunda, de como se representava essa soberania; e a terceira, de como se limitava seu exercício. Cabe-nos, então, compreender quais os debates que fizeram aparecer o tema e os problemas do conceito de soberania no âmbito da primeira experiência constituinte brasileira.This study presents an analysis of the political formulations introduced by the Diário da Assembleia Geral Constituinte e Legislativa do Império (Journal of the Constituent and Legislative General Assembly of the Empire). We are particularly concerned with the different conceptions of sovereignty advanced in the text, which is investigated within the context of the time period of its production. In the midst of the turbulent transition from colonial absolutism to constitutionalism in the independent kingdom, the constituents of 1823 were conversant with the ideas that animated the French Revolution and the Independence of the North American Colonies. As a result, several questions emerged during the constituent process who should be the holder of sovereignty; how should sovereignty be represented; and how to limit the exercise of sovereignty , leaving their mark on the foundations of the new political order in Brazil. We thus examine the debates that brought to light the thematic and the issues surrounding the concept of sovereignty during the first Brazilian Constituent Assembly.
8
Santos, Ana Cléa Souza dos. "Meio ambiente e democracia: uma análise da questão ambiental na Assembleia Nacional Constituinte de 1987-1988." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2016. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/3623.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-03-09T19:43:23Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
anacleasouzadossantos.pdf: 1345446 bytes, checksum: 08b044a3bf4ebbe8316de43e3d65ff39 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-03-13T17:13:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 anacleasouzadossantos.pdf: 1345446 bytes, checksum: 08b044a3bf4ebbe8316de43e3d65ff39 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-13T17:13:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 anacleasouzadossantos.pdf: 1345446 bytes, checksum: 08b044a3bf4ebbe8316de43e3d65ff39 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-29
Este trabalho aborda o processo histórico de construção das normas constitucionais sobre o meio ambiente na Assembleia Nacional Constituinte de 1987-1988. O objetivo é compreender as condições que levaram a questão ambiental ao debate constituinte, bem como analisar o processo decisório que definiu o conteúdo do texto final aprovado, que dedicou um capítulo exclusivamente ao meio ambiente, pela primeira vez na história do país. O objeto de pesquisa tem como principal recorte temporal os anos de 1987 e 1988, período de realização da Assembleia Nacional Constituinte, cujos documentos compõem o conjunto das fontes primárias do estudo. Entretanto, para melhor compreensão do tema foram abordadas outras temporalidades, abarcando a trajetória da questão ambiental e suas implicações na sociedade contemporânea, na formatação de suas instituições, no pensamento e dinâmica sociais. Além disso, foram enfocados o contexto sociopolítico da Constituinte, as etapas decisórias fundamentais, as regras de negociação, os atores e suas estratégias, conflitos, articulações e coalizões em defesa das diferentes perspectivas sobre a questão ambiental, a fim de identificar as condições gerais e específicas que influenciaram na elaboração do capítulo sobre o meio ambiente. O referencial teórico adotado para o tratamento do objeto de pesquisa incluiu as contribuições da abordagem neo-institucionalista no que diz respeito à literatura sobre os processos de construção das constituições e os comportamentos dos atores em processos decisórios.
This paper addresses the historical process of building the constitutional rules on the environment in the National Constituent Assembly 1987-1988. The goal is to understand the conditions that led to the environmental issue to the constitutional debate and analyze the decision-making process that defined the content of the final text adopted, which devoted a chapter exclusively to the environment, for the first time in history. The research object has the main time frame the years 1987 and 1988, timing of the National Constituent Assembly, whose historical documents make up the whole of the primary sources of the study. However, for better understanding of the issue were addressed other temporalities, covering the history of the environmental issue and its implications in contemporary society in shaping its institutions, in thought and social dynamics. In addition, they focused on the sociopolitical context of the Constituent Assembly, the fundamental decision-making steps, trading rules, the actors and their strategies, conflicts, joints and coalitions in support of different perspectives on environmental issues in order to identify the general conditions and specific influencing the development of the chapter on the environment. The theoretical framework adopted for the treatment of the object of research included the contributions of the neo-institutionalist approach regarding the literature on the constitutional construction processes and the behavior of the actors in decision-making processes.
9
Iamamoto, Sue Angelica Serra. "O nacionalismo boliviano em tempos de plurinacionalidade: revoltas antineoliberais e constituinte (2000-2009)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8131/tde-19012012-115401/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Esta dissertação tem como objetivo analisar o nacionalismo na vida política da Bolívia contemporânea, em especial no interior do bloco histórico (em sentido gramsciano) popular que se forma a partir de 2000 e que passa a ocupar os principais postos do Estado com a eleição de Evo Morales em 2005. Seu recorte temporal cobre as chamadas guerras antineoliberais (Guerra da Água em 2000, Guerra do Gás em 2003 etc.) e o processo constituinte, que vai da Assembleia Constituinte (2006-2007) até a aprovação da nova carta constitucional em um referendo nacional (2009). A nova constituição inaugura um Estado plurinacional, refletindo uma demanda histórica pelo reconhecimento da pluralidade cultural e institucional do país. A partir de autores que concebem o nacionalismo como expressão de determinado conflito político (Tom Nairn, Ernest Gellner) ou como expressão de experiências históricas populares (Anthony D. Smith), foi possível entender o nacionalismo de maneira ampla. Assim, foi possível estabelecer relações entre o nacionalismo e o indigenismo, analisando este último com algumas categorias pensadas originalmente para o exame do primeiro. Por outro lado, para entender a formação de identidades coletivas nacionais bolivianas, foi necessário recorrer à ideia de tempos sociais que se cruzam em épocas de crise do Estado ou em situações revolucionárias, evitando a categorização étnica. Do ponto de vista empírico, analisou-se os documentos sobre Visão de País formulados pelas 16 agrupações políticas que participaram da constituinte. A análise do período nos levou a três principais considerações finais. Primeiro, há neste bloco histórico uma tensão, que pode levar à sua fragmentação, entre a demanda por maior estatalidade e a demanda por maior autonomia dos setores populares. Segundo, é possível pensar a vigência de certo nacionalismo no país, mesmo em tempos de plurinacionalidade; mas este nacionalismo precisa ser entendido como expressão de uma síntese cunhada em diversidades, não como uma monoculturalidade, que surge a partir de experiências políticas compartilhadas pela sociedade. Terceiro, as teorias de nacionalismo abordadas são desafiadas com o indigenismo boliviano, que nos traz um exemplo de olhar para o passado no qual o elemento irracional não está no apelo ao passado, mas sim no presente.This dissertation aims to analyze nationalism in Bolivian contemporary political life, in particular within the popular historic bloc (as conceptualized by Gramsci) that emerges from 2000 and, with the election of Evo Morales in 2005, begins to occupy the key positions of the state. Its time frame covers the so-called anti-neoliberal \"wars\" (Water War in 2000, the Gas War in 2003 etc.) and the constitutional process, which runs from the Constituent Assembly (2006-2007) until the approval of new constitution in a national referendum (2009). The new constitution inaugurates a \"plurinational state\", reflecting a historical demand for the recognition of cultural and institutional diversity of the country. From authors who conceive nationalism as an expression of a particular political conflict (Tom Nairn, Ernest Gellner) or as an expression of popular historical experiences (Anthony D. Smith), it was possible to understand nationalism broadly. Thus, it was possible to establish relationships between nationalism and indigenism, analyzing the latter with some categories originally designed to examine the former. On the other hand, to understand the formation of collective national identities, it was necessary to resort to the idea of \"social temporalities\" that intersect in state crisis or revolutionary situations, avoiding ethnic categorization. From the empirical perspective, we analyzed documents on the \"View of the Country\" made by the 16 political groups which participated in the Constituent Assembly. The analysis has led us to three main remarks. First, there is a tension inside this historical block which may lead to its fragmentation: the tension between the demand for greater statality and the demand for greater autonomy of the popular sectors. Second, it is possible to consider valid certain nationalism in Bolivia, even in times of plurinationality; but this nationalism must be understood as an expression of a synthesis of diversity, not as a monoculturality, that emerges from shared political experiences. Third, the discussed theories of nationalism are challenged with the Bolivian indigenism, which brings us an example of \"looking back\" in which the irrational element is not in the appeal to the past, but in the present.
10
Balieiro, Almir. "As forças policiais e a ordem em terras mato-grossenses (1945-1947)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8138/tde-28052014-121608/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
O emprego excessivo e abusivo da força em práticas policiais permeou grande parte dos discursos, realizados em plenário da Assembleia Nacional Constituinte de 1946. Objeto dos debates constituintes configurou-se numa lógica protagonizada entre os parlamentares da situação (PSD) e os da oposição (com destaque, para os do PCB), na qual aqueles argumentaram que o emprego de práticas policiais abusivas e arbitrárias justificava a necessidade de se manter a ordem, enquanto estes afirmaram tratar de práticas policiais contra os operários que lutavam por melhores condições de vida. A partir deste contexto os objetivos foram os de pesquisar as práticas das forças policiais em terras mato-grossenses, com especial atenção no período de 1945 a 1947 fim do Estado Novo, convocação da Assembleia Nacional Constituinte e a promulgação das Constituições do Brasil e do Estado de Mato Grosso, e as contribuições dos constituintes às questões da ordem e da segurança. Duas fontes importantes e inéditas, neste tipo de tese, foram intensamente interrogadas; os Boletins Internos das Forças Policiais em Mato Grosso 1945 a 1947 - e os anais da Assembleia Nacional Constituinte de 1946. Os resultados revelaram que as práticas policiais, em terras mato-grossenses, na metade do século XX, foram concentradas na realização dos serviços de construção e manutenção de estradas e pontes, na capital e no interior do Estado de Mato Grosso. Quanto as contribuições dos constituintes, estas foram conservadoras, quando defrontadas com os intensos debates e embates sobre as questões da ordem e da segurança, durante a Assembleia Nacional Constituinte de 1946. Contudo, pela primeira vez na história das constituições brasileiras ficou consignado, na Carta de 1946, as atribuições das forças policiais estaduais as Polícias Militares. Por fim, uma última consideração abordou o emprego dos termos ordem e segurança nos textos legais, durante o período republicano, a qual resultou na inexistência de definição precisa destes, fato que permaneceu com a Carta Magna de 1988.During the National Constituent Assembly formed on 1946 large portion of the speeches conducted in plenary defended the employment of excessive and abusive force into policing practices. Subject of the constituent debates, this has configured a logic followed up by government party parliamentarians ( PSD ) and opposition ones (highlight given to PCB party), in which those claimed that employment of arbitrary and abusive policing practices was justified by the need of preserving order, while these professed this as policing practices against workers struggling for better living conditions. Objectives established from this portrait aimed at investigating policing practices in Mato Grosso, highlighting the period from 1945 to 1947 - the end of the Estado Novo, Constituent National Assembly summons and the promulgation of Brazilian and Mato Grosso State Constitutions, and at obtaining contributions of the constituent related to order and security issues. To fulfil this thesis the Internal Bulletin of the Police Forces in Mato Grosso - 1945 to 1947 - and the annals of the National Constituent Assembly of 1946, two important and unprecedented sources, were intensely interviewed. As the result it was clear that policing practices that took place in Mato Grosso in the middle of the twentieth century were focused on performing roads and bridges construction and maintenance services in the capital and within the Mato Grosso State. Regarding the contributions of the constituents, these were conservative when facing intense debates and discussions on order and security issues during the National Constituent Assembly of 1946. However, for the first time in Brazilian constitution history the 1946 Charter enshrined the role of the state police forces - the Military Police. Finally, one last consideration on the thesis addressed the usage of the terms order and security in legal texts during the republican period, concerning the resulting lack of their precise definition, a fact that remained unchanged in the Magna Carta of 1988.
Книги з теми "Constituent assemblies"
1
Fafard, Patrick. Constituent assemblies: A comparative survey. Kingston, Ont., Canada: Institute of Intergovernmental Relations, Queen's University, 1991.
Знайти повний текст джерела
2
Monahan, Patrick. Constituent assemblies: The Canadian debate in comparative and historical context. North York, Ont: York University Centre for Public Law and Public Policy, 1992.
Знайти повний текст джерела
3
Lubert, Georges. Julien Guégan, constituant: 1746-1794. Mayenne: Impr. de la Manutention, 1989.
Знайти повний текст джерела
4
República, Portugal Assembleia da, ed. Os presidentes do parlamento português. Lisboa: Assembleia da República, 2012.
Знайти повний текст джерела
5
Aparicio, Marco. Per una assemblea constituent: Una solució democràtica a la crisi. Madrid [Spain]: Sequitur, 2012.
Знайти повний текст джерела
6
Miranda, Jorge. Da revolução à constituição: Memórias da Assembleia Constituinte. Cascais: Principia Editora, 2015.
Знайти повний текст джерела
7
Miranda, Jorge, and Alexandre Pinheiro. A Assembleia constituinte e a Constituição de 1911. Lisboa: Assembleia da República, 2011.
Знайти повний текст джерела
8
Gomel, Charles. Histoire financière de l'Assemblée constituante. Wetteren: Moneta, 2009.
Знайти повний текст джерела
9
Christine, Favre-Lejeune, Fauchois Yann, and Patrick Alison, eds. Dictionnaire des Constituants: 1789-1791. Paris: Universitas, 1991.
Знайти повний текст джерела
10
Georges, Michel. La Constitution de 1987: Souvenirs d'un constituant. Port-au-Prince, Haiti: G. Michel, 1992.
Знайти повний текст джерелаЧастини книг з теми "Constituent assemblies"
1
"Legislatures as Constituent Assemblies." In Constitutionalism: New Challenges, 41–69. Brill | Nijhoff, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004163485.i-164.20.
Повний текст джерела
2
Arato, Andrew. "Conventions, Constituent Assemblies, and Round Tables." In Post Sovereign Constitution Making, 107–58. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198755982.003.0004.
Повний текст джерела
3
Colón-Ríos, Joel. "Between Law and Revolution." In Constituent Power and the Law, 77–100. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198785989.003.0004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Although the origins of the theory of constituent power are generally placed in the French Revolution, the different legal and institutional implications associated with it in late 18th-century France are seldom explored. This chapter engages in such an exploration by focusing on two institutions that were rejected by Sieyès: the imperative mandate and (decision-making) primary assemblies. Part I focuses on Sieyès’ proposals about constitution-making and constitutional reform after 1789. Part II of the chapter examines the role of citizen instructions in late 18th-century France. Sieyès saw citizen instructions as radically inconsistent with the very idea of representation; they were abolished very early in the Revolution. In so doing, it will be shown, French revolutionaries altered in fundamental ways not only the relationship between electors and representatives, but the very nature of what counts as an exercise of constituent power. Part III focuses on the role of primary assemblies during the more radical stages of the French Revolution (namely, 1792–1793). The approach to primary assemblies found in both in the Constitution of 1793, as well as in the Girondin Draft Constitution, reflected in important ways Rousseau’s conception of those entities as a key mechanism of democratic constitutional change. This approach to constitutional change will be contrasted with that of Sieyès, who saw primary assemblies as the site for the exercise of the much more modest ‘commissioning power’, the power to elect those seen as capable of identifying the nation’s constituent will.
4
Colon-Rios, Joel. "Constituent power, primary assemblies, and the imperative mandate." In Comparative Constitution Making, 90–116. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9781785365263.00010.
Повний текст джерела
5
Colón-Ríos, Joel. "Back to Rousseau." In Constituent Power and the Law, 29–55. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198785989.003.0002.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This chapter provides an overview of what should be understood as one of the most sophisticated analyses of the distinction between constituent and constituted authority, that of Rousseau. It engages in a close reading of Rousseau’s work and considers the ways in which it anticipated and served as the basis for Sieyès’ famous theory. Rousseau has not generally been seen as a theorist of constituent power. This is probably a result of his apparent support of direct democracy: in a direct democracy, there is no separation between the government and the governed and, therefore, no separation between the constituted powers and the constituent subject. But Rousseau, the chapter shows, clearly rejected direct democracy as a form of government: he only insisted in the direct intervention of the citizenry for the ratification of the ‘laws’. The problem with most contemporary interpretations of Rousseau is that they attribute to his use of the term ‘law’ the same meaning that that term has today: an ordinary statute adopted by a representative body. But Rousseau used the term ‘law’ to refer to the fundamental norms of the legal system, norms that only an assembly of the entire people or a multiplicity of primary assemblies, the constituent subject, could legitimately adopt. The chapter also considers the practical implications of Rousseau’s approach, such as primary assemblies with the authority to issue legally binding instructions.
6
Dixon, Rosalind, and David Landau. "The Abuse of Constituent Power." In Abusive Constitutional Borrowing, 116–51. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192893765.003.0006.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This chapter explores the abusive borrowing of ideas related to constituent power—the concept that all power ultimately stems from the people, and which thus reserves power to the people to replace their constitution, while limiting the ability of ‘constituted’ institutions to make fundamental changes. It shows how constituent power theory has been abused to legitimate anti-democratic Constituent Assemblies, including twice in recent years in Venezuela. It also demonstrates how the unconstitutional constitutional amendment doctrine has been wielded throughout Latin America to eradicate presidential term limits, on the argument that they are infringements of the human rights of both voters and elected officials. Finally, it explores the anti-democratic use of international law doctrines related to constituent power: the abuse of ‘unconstitutional government’ norms to justify a military coup in Fiji, and the wielding of the European Union’s constitutional identity doctrines for illiberal or anti-democratic ends in Hungary and Poland.
7
Colón-Ríos, Joel. "Conclusion." In Constituent Power and the Law, 295–306. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198785989.003.0011.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This concluding chapter summarizes the main insights of the book, which present constituent power as an eminently juridical concept, one that can play a key role in determinations of legal validity and that places important demands on constitutional orders. It also identifies avenues for further research, particularly with respect to the imperative mandate, primary assemblies, the doctrine of unconstitutional constitutional amendments, the legality of informal but democratic constitution-making processes, and the enforceability of constituent mandates. The chapter concludes by arguing that to approach constituent power through legal lenses does not necessarily entail an attempt to domesticate an otherwise revolutionary concept. In the case of this book, such an approach seeks to realize part of the radical democratic potential of the concept: that, as in Rousseau, it is the sovereign people, and not its representatives, who must determine the content of the fundamental laws.
8
Ebrecht, Lars, and Michael Meyer zu Hörste. "Verification and Validation of Interoperability." In Railway Safety, Reliability, and Security, 116–27. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-1643-1.ch005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The chapter shows an approach to use existing test methods to prove technical as well as operational interoperability. The first kinds of tests are test sequences to validate conformity of a single constituent – here, an on-board on-board unit (OBU) of the European Train Control System (ETCS) in the European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS). The second kind of tests is the integration test for assemblies – here, the complete on-board equipment. The third kinds of tests are the tests for the validation of operational serviceability. An approach for the stepwise integration of the different kinds of tests is shown. As a conclusion the perspective for the use of these test sequences in an independent test lab is given.
9
Flesher Fominaya, Cristina. "Podemos." In Democracy Reloaded, 250–82. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190099961.003.0012.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Chapter 11, “Podemos: A Hybrid Party?” traces the evolution of Podemos from its inception through its two constituent assemblies to address the question of whether movement and party logics can ever be reconciled. This chapter provides an analysis of the tensions and contradictions of hybrid parties. Hybrid or movement parties—initially at least—need to satisfy and maintain legitimacy with their movement base, which in the case of Podemos is 15-M. Since its inception, Podemos has struggled to satisfy the expectations of its activist base and to strike a balance between (horizontal) movement and (vertical) party, a challenge all the more difficult given the 15-M movement’s commitment to participatory democracy. The chapter explores the central tension between movement and party by analyzing internal and 15-M movement critiques of the party and the challenges it faces in trying to maintain the support of its activist grassroots base.
10
Raghavan, Pallavi. "Conclusion." In Animosity at Bay, 183–86. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190087579.003.0009.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
1950, then, was an interesting year: it had all the makings of the sets of causes that bring about both war and peace between India and Pakistan. Nehru and Liaquat Ali Khan had fulminated to their constituent assemblies over each other’s duplicity over the refugee question; but they had also gone ahead with the shaping of a correspondence on the No War Pact. No ‘permanent’ solution—war, peace, or any of the intervening shades in between—was put into place, but a series of ad hoc, interim measures that could be countenanced by both states were devised in the meanwhile to patch things over. What was acknowledged on both sides was that the way to a lasting stability lay in finding answers that could lay the ghosts of partition to rest once and for all. And, to some extent at least, both governments made concerted efforts to bring this about....
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Constituent assemblies"
1
Chow, Raymond, George J. Nelson, and Jay L. Perry. "Electrolyzer Exergy Analysis for an Environmental Control and Life Support System." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-88119.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
An exergy based analysis of the Environmental Control and Life Support System (ECLSS) aboard the International Space Station (ISS) is conducted to assess its overall performance. Exergy is chosen as a measure of performance because it accounts for both the first and second laws of thermodynamics. The exergy efficiency of a system is first defined as the total exergy destroyed by the system relative to the total exergy input to the system. To determine the ECLSS exergy efficiency, the system is divided into constituent subsystems which in turn are divided into assemblies and components. Based on this system decomposition, exergy balances are derived for each assembly or component. Exergy balances and supporting calculations are implemented in MATLAB® code. The major subsystems of the ECLSS considered in this analysis include the Atmosphere Revitalization Subsystem (ARS), Atmosphere Control and Supply Subsystem (ACS), Temperature and Humidity Control Subsystem (THC), Water Recovery and Management Subsystem (WRM), and Waste Management Subsystem (WM). This paper focuses on the ARS and its constituent assemblies and components. Exergy efficiency of the ARS and its constituent assemblies and components is first presented. The Oxygen Generation Assembly (OGA), an assembly within the ARS, is then highlighted because the exergy destruction by the OGA is a large magnitude contributor to the overall exergy destruction of the ECLSS. The OGA produces oxygen to meet the crew’s metabolic demand via water electrolysis in a proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzer. The exergy destruction of the OGA’s PEM electrolyzer is a function of the amount of oxygen produced, which determines the necessary current density and voltage drop across the PEM electrolyzer. In addition, oxygen production in the PEM electrolyzer requires deviation from the Nernst potential, presenting trade-offs between the exergy efficiency and critical life support functions. The results of parametric studies of PEM electrolyzer performance are presented with an emphasis on the impacts of polarization and operational conditions on exergy efficiency.
2
Heinrich, S. M., S. Shakya, and P. S. Lee. "Shearing Deformation in Partial Areal Arrays: Analytical Results." In ASME 1997 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1997-0500.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Simple, closed-form expressions, based on elasticity theory, are derived for determining the location and magnitude of the maximum shearing displacement in a partial areal array of solder joints. Both uniform and non-uniform thermal loadings are considered, as is the heterogeneity of the component, which often arises due to different values of coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and elastic properties among the module’s constituent materials. The model is based on the assumptions that (a) the square geometry of the array and component may be replaced with an equivalent axisymmetric geometry and (b) the stiffness of the solder joints is negligible with respect to that of the component and substrate. The “soft joint” assumption corresponds to low-modulus solders or to thermal excursions occurring at high temperatures or low frequencies, for which significant stress relaxation occurs in the solder. For arrays exhibiting higher stiffness characteristics, the model yields conservative estimates of shearing displacement. Results indicate that, unlike homogeneous-component models under uniform temperature changes, the critical joints are not necessarily at the outer corners of the array. Other candidate locations predicted by the model (and observed in experimental and numerical studies) include the inner corner joints and any joints positioned beneath the die corners. The analytical results, also presented graphically, are found to depend on only three dimensionless parameters: the ratio of inner to outer array dimension, the ratio of die size to outer array dimension, and a “mismatch parameter,” which depends on the material, geometry, and loading characteristics of the problem. The results can be used to quickly determine the location and magnitude of peak shearing displacement in the array, possibly minimizing or eliminating the need to perform expensive and time-consuming finite element macroanalyses on entire assemblies involving hundreds of joints. Thus, the analyst may proceed directly to a detailed finite element microanalysis of the critical joint for fatigue life estimation, using the calculated shearing displacement as a required boundary condition in the finite element model.
3
Wang, Linbing, Emir Macari, and Eyassu Woldesenbet. "New Micromechanics Formulations for the Assessment of Elastic Moduli of Granular Assemblies." In ASME 2002 Engineering Technology Conference on Energy. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/etce2002/ot-29019.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The elastic moduli of granular assemblies are sensitive to the confining conditions as well as the volume fractions of each of its constituents (i.e. solid, fluid, gas). Theoretical estimations using granular mechanics are based on assumed distributions of contact normals and branch vectors using idealized particle shapes and therefore cannot quantitatively predict the moduli. This paper presents a new method to use the moduli of the granular skeleton and those of the matrix to estimate the moduli of the composite and makes it possible to back-calculate the moduli of the skeleton from the moduli of the composite and the matrix.
4
Zou, Chengzhe, and Ryan L. Harne. "Folding Star-Shaped Acoustic Transducers for Real-Time Guidance of Radiated Acoustic Waves." In ASME 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2017-67286.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Directed acoustic energy is used throughout medical practices, scientific research, and engineering applications. Conventionally, arrays of transducer constituents are assembled and driven with inputs that are determined by digital signal processing methods, which guides the acoustic waves for signal transmission and reception purposes. Beamforming is the term for this approach, although inherent limitations of stability and computational efficiency hinder the outcomes. Recent efforts have revealed the broad merits of folding origami-inspired acoustic array architectures so that the transducer constituent and array shapes change, giving rise to direct control of acoustic energy radiation characteristics. Because the design of the origami tessellation used to create the array is pivotal to the adaptive acoustic energy steering, a new star-shaped foldable transducer is studied in this work for its unique inward and outward shape change characteristics. In order to facilitate this investigation, an analytical framework is developed to identify the connections between the folding-induced topology and radiated sound field. The high-fidelity boundary element method verifies the analytical model while experimental efforts validate the theoretical predictions. The adaptation of radiated sound pressure from the star-shaped transducer is shown to be several orders of magnitude, which illustrates its great potential in acoustic energy guidance and prospective applications.
5
Chuzhoy, L., R. E. DeVor, and S. G. Kapoor. "Machining Simulation of Ductile Iron and its Constituents: Part II — Numerical Simulation and Experimental Validation of Machining." In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/med-23316.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract To understand the influence of cast iron microstructure on its machinability, a numerical model that simulates machined material on a microstructure scale was developed. This microstructure-level model assembles individual constituents into a composite material based on microstructural composition, grain size, and distribution. Extensive experimentation was performed to determine strain, strain rate, temperature, and load history dependent material properties. The purpose of this work is to validate the microstructure-level model on machining of ductile iron and two of its constituents: pearlite and ferrite. Orthogonal cutting experiments were conducted of the three materials. The measured chip morphology and machining forces were compared with the model predictions, and a good correlation between them was found.
6
Aza, Chrysoula, Alberto Pirrera, and Mark Schenk. "Reconfigurable Trusses of Nonlinear Morphing Elements." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85911.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Reconfigurable mechanisms are capable of changing their behavior during operation and perform different tasks through changes of their configuration. A compliant, multistable, reconfigurable mechanism is introduced which consists of nonlinear morphing elements assembled in a truss-like configuration. These constituent elements are made of composite strips assembled to form a double-helix and exhibit tailorable nonlinear stiffness characteristics, including bistability. The mechanism’s behavior can be tailored by tuning the inherent properties of the helical components, leading to a wide range of responses. This work explores the reconfigurability of the mechanism, based on the ability to change the helical pitch and the resulting stiffness.
7
Sinha, Ashok, Ranjan Ganguly, and Ishwar K. Puri. "Magnetically Assembled 3-D Mesoscopic Patterns Using Suspension of Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles." In ASME 2004 3rd Integrated Nanosystems Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nano2004-46091.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A self assembly process is characterized by the spontaneous and ordered aggregation of similar components. At the nanoscale, these constituents can be colloids, or other nanoparticles that combine to form structures of meso- and macroscopic dimensions. Self assembly is most evident during the growth of biological structures. Due to its natural elegance, there is considerable interest in investigating similar methods in other fields of sciences. In principle, the process of dynamic self assembly is characterized by a competition between at least two forces — one attractive and the other repulsive — in thermodynimacally nonequilibrium systems. Several researchers have described self assembly in configurations where biological [1] or chemical [2] mediation, electrostatic [3], capillary [4] or fluid dynamic [5] forces have provided a motive potential.
8
SÁ, MARA FRANCO DE. "AS CONCEPÇÕES DE EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL EM DISPUTA NA ASSEMBLEIA CONSTITUINTE DE 1987 E NA LDB/96." In Anais da IV Jornada Ibero-Americana de Pesquisas em Políticas Educacionais e Experiências Interdisciplinares na Educação. Recife, Brasil: Even3, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.29327/15125.4-17.
Повний текст джерела
9
Yu-Tong, Li, and Wang Yu-Xin. "A Systematic Rapid Creative Design Framework for Complex Mechanical Systems From Conceptual Design to 3D Virtual Simulation." In ASME 2019 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-98150.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract This paper presents a systematic rapid creative design framework for complex mechanisms to support creative conceptual design schemes’ generation and 3D virtual simulation. In conceptual design stage, a rule-based creative conceptual design system is constructed to expand conceptual design solution space through operating design rules related to functional requirements of design problems with graphic carriers. Compared with FBS models or catalogue-based matching approaches, the rule-based system can dig out more innovative conceptual design schemes including generalized mechanisms. Then a great number of conceptual design schemes generated in conceptual design are represented with symbolic schemes and identified into constituent basic mechanisms and their connections. To the constituent basic mechanisms, the object-oriented (OO) technology is applied to set up their 3D virtual solid models with encapsulated key feature parameters, which can be automatically modified by system’s database with the aid of the new defined classes. According to the OO solid models of constituent basic mechanisms and their connections, a 3D space layout algorithm considering the connections among the solid models is developed to determine the position of each constituent solid basic mechanism. Finally, an object-oriented based kinematic analysis method is pro-posed to carry out automatic kinematic analysis of the complex mechanisms related to the symbolic schemes. By means of the virtual-assembly approach and the kinematic data, all constituent components in the complex mechanisms are put onto the proper positions as they are assembled manually. In this way, the systematic design processes for complex mechanisms from creative conceptual design schemes’ generation, to 3D virtual solid design, layout de-sign, kinematic analysis, and virtual assembly and simulation are realized automatically. Based on the framework presented in this paper, rapid generating and evaluating innovative, excellent-performance schemes of complex mechanisms in 3D virtual prototype form are possible.
10
Gyoneva, Lazarina, Mohammad F. Hadi, Yoav Segal, Kevin D. Dorfman, and Victor H. Barocas. "Role of Lateral Interactions in Type IV Collagen Network Mechanics." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14625.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The basement membrane is a specialized part of the extra-cellular matrix. It is usually characterized as a scaffold for epithelial cells but in some tissues it serves other, mechanical, roles [1]. The mechanical properties of the basement membrane are mainly determined by one of its main constituents — type IV collagen. Unlike the well-known fibrous type I collagen, collagen IV assembles into planar networks (Fig. 1) [2]. The α 1(IV) and α 2(IV) collagen IV chains assemble into the so-called major chain network, present in all basement membranes. The α 3(IV), α 4(IV), α 5(IV) collagen IV chains form the minor chain network which is found only in the adult basement membranes of the kidney glomerular capillaries (GBM), ocular lens (LBM), cochlea, and the testes [3]. The minor chains have a higher number of cysteine residues, allowing them to form a higher number of lateral interactions. In the minor chain network, the greater potential to interact laterally manifests in the formation of super-coils, which are rarely observed in the major chain network [4]. Increasing the number of cross-links in a polymeric material is known to increase material stiffness; therefore, it is believed that the minor chain network confers basement membranes with additional strength and stability [5]. In the hereditary disease Alport syndrome, a mutation causes the absence of the minor chain network. The GBM and LBM of Alport patients appear weakened and unable to meet their mechanical demands, further supporting this theory [6]. The objective of this study was to evaluate the importance of cross-linking in the minor chains for the mechanical properties of type IV collagen networks, specifically in the GBM and LBM where the absence of the minor chains has an observed mechanical effect.