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Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022
Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Consistency of expert judgments"

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Aarts, Rembrant, Lennard Van Wanrooij, Evert Bloemen, and Geert Smid. "Expert medico-legal reports: The relationship between levels of consistency and judicial outcomes in asylum seekers in the Netherlands." Torture Journal 29, no. 1 (May 22, 2019): 36–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/torture.v29i1.111205.

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Introduction: If asylum applicants need to prove that they have been persecuted in their home country, expert judgment of the psychological and physical consequences of torture may support the judicial process. Expert medico-legal reports can be used to assess whether the medical complaints of the asylum seeker are consistent with their asylum account. It is unclear which factors influence medical expert judgement about the consistency between an asylum seeker’s symptoms and story, and to what extent expert medico-legal reports are associated with judicial outcomes. Methods: We analysed 97 medico-legal reports on traumatised asylum seekers in the Netherlands. First, we evaluated the impact of trauma-related and other variables on experts’ judgments of the consistency of symptoms and story. Second, we evaluated the effect of experts’ judgments of symptom-story consistency on subsequent judicial outcomes. Results: Gender, receipt of mental health care and trauma-related variables were associated with symptomstory consistency. Positive asylum decisions were predicted by expert judgments about the presence of physical signs and symptoms of torture, and ill-treatment and their consistency with the refugee’s story, but not psychological symptoms. Conclusion: These results suggest that standardised procedures for the documenting of medical evidence by independent experts can improve judicial decision quality and the need to improve psychological and psychiatric assessments.
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2

Kurennykh, A. E., V. A. Sudakov, and V. P. Osipov. "The Usage of Web Services for Consistency Improvement in Pairwise Comparison Matrixes." Моделирование и анализ данных 09, no. 4 (2019): 80–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/mda.2019090406.

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Paired comparisons of criteria and alternatives are widely used in a large number of technical and scientific problems of the present, in which it is necessary to rank a finite set of objects or to evaluate an object. Paired comparisons are understandable and simple for an expert, they are a high-quality and reliable way of rating, however, it is known that the complexity and dimension of the criteria space in many problems leads to a high load on the expert, as a result of which incorrect or erroneous situations may arise when compiling matrixes of paired comparisons leading to a decrease in the coherence of judgments, and, as a consequence, to the adoption of irrational decisions. Algorithmic software to increase the consistency of judgments is in demand among experts and researchers, which, together with a large number of diverse tasks, creates requirements for the development of appropriate software: the ability to access a large number of users and independence from the subject area, which are highly satisfied by the web interface. In this paper, the authors describe an effective method for increasing the consistency of judgments in matrixes of pairwise comparisons. The main objective of the method is to maximize the consistency of judgments with a minimum of changes made to the matrix proposed by the expert as initial estimates. As a quantitative measure of consistency of judgments, a classic indicator is used – the index of consistency. Based on the created algorithm, the authors developed software that is available to researchers in distributed web services to support decision-making ws-dss.com.
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3

Ettenson, Richard, James Shanteau, and Jack Krogstad. "Expert Judgment: Is More Information Better?" Psychological Reports 60, no. 1 (February 1987): 227–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1987.60.1.227.

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Two groups of professional auditors (expert ns = 10 and 11) and one group of 11 accounting students (novices) made judgments for 32 hypothetical auditing cases which were based on 8 dimensions of accounting-related information. Analyses indicated that the experts did not differ significantly from the novices in the number of significant dimensions; both the professionals and the students had roughly three significant factors. When evaluating the information, however, the experts' judgments primarily reflected one source of information, with other cues having secondary impart. In comparison, no single cue was dominant for the students' judgments. These results were interpreted to indicate that the nonuse of information by experts does not necessarily indicate a cognitive limitation. Instead, experts may have better abilities to focus on relevant information. The professional auditors also exhibited greater consistency and consensus than did the students. In contrast to much previous work, the experts here are viewed as being skilled and competent judges.
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4

Tutygin, A. G., V. B. Korobov та T. V. Menshikova. "Проблемы согласованности экспертных суждений в методе анализа иерархий". Вестник гражданских инженеров 16, № 5 (2019): 291–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.23968/1999-5571-2019-16-5-291-297.

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5

Vicente, E., A. Mateos, and A. Jiménez-Martín. "A Betting- and Lottery-Based Method for Fuzzy Probability Elicitation." International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems 27, no. 01 (February 2019): 121–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218488519500065.

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Анотація:
It is very common to use linguistic term scales, whose terms are previously associated with different fuzzy numbers to assign probabilities to events in decision-making processes. However, the rigidity of such scales generates bias in the probability elicitation process and does not allow experts to adequately express their probabilistic judgments. We propose a betting and lottery-based method for eliciting a fuzzy number from the expert that represents his/her probabilistic judgments for a given event, along with a quality measure of the probabilistic judgments based on precision and consistency measures. We also enact a simulation process to analyze possible biases in the proposed fuzzy probability elicitation method.
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6

Stepanyuk, O. I., and V. P. Novosad. "Verification of final ranking which received because of the expert evaluation." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 21, no. 93 (November 16, 2019): 96–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet-e9319.

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Анотація:
In the modern dynamic information society, situations that are characterized by complexity, multifactoriality, uncertainty, and non-formalization occur very often. Under such conditions, the adoption of effective management decisions is impossible without interaction with the expert environment. This applies to a wide range of human activities, including economic issues. The article is devoted to one of the key stages of expert evaluation – the analysis of members of expert commissions’ judgments and drawing up final conclusions. The author aims to get closer to solving one of the key problems characteristic to this stage, namely: truth verification problems, reliability confirmation for final conclusions obtained as a result of generalization of expert groups’ work. Most often, the experts are asked to compare certain objects according to certain criteria, to identify the best and the worst among them. It is clear that expert judgments are rarely unanimous. Therefore, it is important to apply scientific approaches to constructing final ranking, that is, the final location of objects in order of increase or decrease of a certain quality or usability. The mathematical modeling of activity of an expert group conducted by the author of the article made it possible to identify cases where, depending on the applied techniques, the final rankings obtained on the basis of the judgments of the same experts may differ (sometimes even substantially). This again emphasizes the need to verify the final rankings. The advantages and disadvantages of applying quantitative and qualitative methods in expert-analytical activity are also considered. The scientific novelty of the conducted research is to improve the methodological approaches that will allow to improve the consistency of expert judgments, and to develop recommendations for the complex application of separate methods for constructing total ranking. The article is intended for scientists and practitioners who are interested in contemporary sociological and management approaches to solving economic problems. Also, the article may be useful for specialists and programmers who work in the field of development of artificial intelligence.
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Benítez, J., X. Delgado-Galván, J. A. Gutiérrez, and J. Izquierdo. "Balancing consistency and expert judgment in AHP." Mathematical and Computer Modelling 54, no. 7-8 (October 2011): 1785–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mcm.2010.12.023.

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8

Kochetova-Kozloski, Natalia, and William F. Messier. "Strategic Analysis and Auditor Risk Judgments." AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory 30, no. 4 (November 1, 2011): 149–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/ajpt-10147.

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SUMMARY The study investigates whether and how senior auditors' strategic analysis of a client affects their identification of significant business and financial statement risks, and their risk assessments. Sixty-seven senior auditors participated in an experiment that examined the effect of analyzing two aspects of strategic analysis (strategic positioning and the strategy implementation process) against performing no strategic analysis. An expert panel of senior managers was used to develop a benchmark for comparison purposes. Our results show that (1) auditors who performed guided strategic analysis did not identify more significant business and financial statement risks than auditors who did not perform strategic analysis, (2) senior auditors who performed strategic analysis of strategic positioning or the strategy implementation process assessed risk of material misstatement at the entity level more consistently with an expert panel than auditors who did not perform such an analysis, and (3) senior auditors' analysis of the client's strategy implementation process was associated with assessments of the strength of the control environment that were more consistent with the expert panel than assessments done by auditors who did not perform any strategic analysis or who performed only an analysis of strategic positioning. Data Availability: Contact the first author.
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Pankratova, N. D., and L. Y. Malafeeva. "Formalizing the consistency of experts’ judgments in the Delphi method." Cybernetics and Systems Analysis 48, no. 5 (September 2012): 711–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10559-012-9451-6.

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10

Plake, Barbara S., and Gerald J. Melican. "Effects of Item Context on Intrajudge Consistency of Expert Judgments via the Nedelsky Standard Setting Method." Educational and Psychological Measurement 49, no. 1 (March 1989): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013164489491005.

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Consistency of expert judgments"

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Rizak, Samantha Nicole. "Expert judgments of environmental risks." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq22663.pdf.

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2

Moffa, Morgan S. "The evidence and expert judgments of their relative importance in confession adjudication /." View thesis online, 2008. http://docs.rwu.edu/psych_thesis/1/.

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3

Gayretli, Ahmet. "An expert system for supporting design consistency based on design for manufacturability." Thesis, De Montfort University, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/4211.

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4

Henningsson, Susanne. "The role of identification for the motivational force of moral judgments." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för idé- och samhällsstudier, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-162365.

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Анотація:
What is the relationship between judging something as good and being motivated to acton this judgment? Motivational internalism is the thesis that there is a necessaryconnection between moral judgments and motivation. Externalists typically believe that ajudgment-independent desire is needed for the moral judgment to be motivating. Tobridge the gap between internalism and externalism, a few philosophers have appealed totheories of identification-based moral judgments. This implies that although moraljudgments may not be necessarily motivating in general, it could be possible to define acertain kind of identification-based moral judgment that is necessarily motivating. HereinI will examine the role identification plays for moral motivation. I will first analyse anargument that uses an identification-incompatible moral judgment to show thatinternalism is false. I will argue that this argument is unconvincing and that identificationdoes not preclude identification-incompatible moral judgments from being motivating.The identification-based argument hence does not support that internalism is false.Second, I will argue that identification can provide the motivational force needed to makecertain identity-based moral judgments necessarily motivating. This identification-basedaccount does however, I will argue, not support internalism. Despite presenting a kind ofmoral judgment that is necessarily motivating, it is an externalist account of theconnection between moral judgments and motivation since a judgment-independentdesire is a necessary source of its motivational force.
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5

Thomas, S. Margot. "Cue utilization by expert pediatric critical care nurses in making clinical judgments related to endotracheal suctioning." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6142.

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Анотація:
The nature of nursing judgment in clinical practice situations remains incompletely explored. It is known that nurses perform endotracheal suctioning as part of the nursing care of critically ill children. However, the ways in which nurses judge the need for suctioning and the method used to suction are not well understood. This research study was conducted to describe the cues that expert pediatric critical care nurses use in making the judgment to suction and to describe how those cues are used in determining the timing of endotracheal suctioning. A qualitative naturalistic study was conducted in a quaternary pediatric critical care unit in Central Canada. A purposive sample of seven expert pediatric critical care nurses participated in the study. Data were collected using three methods---participant observations (field notes), think aloud (concurrent verbalizations) and semi-structured interviews (retrospective verbalizations)---as participants cared for ventilated, critically ill children. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Paul, Pallab Kumar. "Market structure analysis using managerial judgments: Toward development and validation of an expert system for competitive strategy decisions." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186099.

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This research aims to develop and empirically validate an approach to using managerial judgments as a basis for competitive strategy decisions. Our premise is that by using structured elicitation methods that rely on the underlying logic of competitive market structure analysis (CMSA) models (e.g., perceived competitive similarities (PS) and forced choice (FC)), it may be possible to effectively extract and organize managers' knowledge of competitive relationships. Moreover, these judgments may be primed using competitive criterial cues such as brand image, features and usage situation. Based on psychological theories, we offer hypotheses (about how managerial judgments will be influenced by different elicitation methods and priming cues) which are tested in an experiment where subjects gained experience in a simulated market with a pre-specified structure (based on overall similarity (OS) of the products). We also test for experiential learning of this structure. The findings suggest that unaided judgments did not change as a function of outcome feedback. However, structured judgments showed significant effect of both feedback and elicitation method. Initially, OS-based structure measures received high ratings, suggesting that subjects may have recognized the 'true' structure. However, with feedback, they placed greater emphasis on the usage situation-based measure which were more concrete in their extra-experimental experience. Relative to the PS method, the FC method helped subjects articulate better that the market was partitioned on the basis of OS. Also, subjects who gave FC judgments first, provided concordant judgments when given the PS method thereafter. In contrast, subjects' judgments were more susceptible to change when the method order was reversed. Thus, the FC judgments produced both more veridical and more stable perceptions of market structure. Subject to study limitations, the findings provide a basis for incorporating even partially fallible managerial judgments in CMSA tasks (and toward development of an expert system). It shows how structured methods for eliciting such judgments can be meaningfully implemented and suggests that these methods may elicit both veridical and stable judgments of competitive relationships in a market. Moreover, the study examines the convergent validity of different methods and priming cues on managerial judgment as well as its potential biases and inconsistencies.
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Szarek, Harmony Kristin. "Subjectivity in Expert Decision Making: Risk Assessment, Acceptability, and Cognitive Heuristics Affecting Endangered Species Act Listing Judgments for the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem Grizzly Bear." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1430998102.

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8

Недашківська, Надія Іванівна. "Методологія та інструментарій підтримки прийняття рішень на основі ієрархічних та мережевих моделей". Thesis, КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського, 2018. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/25122.

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Анотація:
Робота виконана в Інституті прикладного системного аналізу Національного технічного університету України «Київський політехнічний інститут імені Ігоря Сікорського»
У дисертаційній роботі запропоновано методологію підтримки прийняття рішень, яка з використанням розробленого системного підходу дозволяє підвищити достовірність розв’язків в складних слабко структурованих системах на основі ієрархічних та мережевих моделей і включає нові та удосконалені методи: оцінювання і підвищення узгодженості матриць парних порівнянь загального виду залежно від властивостей цих матриць, розрахунку довірчих інтервалів для локальних ваг, розрахунку нечітких локальних ваг, гібридний метод розрахунку локальних та агрегованих ваг, метод комплексного оцінювання чутливості розв'язку та спосіб оцінювання реверсу рангів при використанні різних правил комбінування функцій довіри. Розроблено нові методики, засоби та система моделювання експертного оцінювання. Практичне значення одержаних результатів полягає у створенні інструментарію у вигляді системи підтримки прийняття рішень, який застосовано при розв'язанні практичних задач на замовлення міністерств і відомств України.
In the dissertation work, an important scientific and technical problem has been solved, which deals with development of mathematical and methodological support for increasing the reliability of solutions to decision analysis problems in complex weakly structured systems based on hierarchical and network models. The scientific novelty of the work is determined by the following theoretical and practical results obtained by author. Using proposed systematic approach, a new methodology of decision support is developed, which allows to increase the reliability of solutions of decision analysis problems in complex weakly structured systems on the basis of hierarchical and network models. This methodology includes the proposed and described below methods and techniques. A new method for evaluating and improving the consistency of expert judgements, which are given in a form of pairwise comparison matrix, is developed. Features of the method include an analysis of property of weak inconsistency, the presence of cycles in a pairwise comparison matrix and a search for the most inconsistent element of this matrix. The method can be applied to pairwise comparison matrices of various types, including multiplicative, additive, fuzzy and other. A Transitiv method for searching the most inconsistent elements of the matrix is proposed. A method of flows for finding the most inconsistent element of the matrix is improved by taking into account the input flow. The simulation shows that the developed Transitiv method and the method of flows are more efficient than existing methods. Usage of the proposed method of consistency evaluating and improving allows to obtain pairwise comparison matrices of acceptable quality for all elements of the model and these matrices can be used further to find local weights of model’s elements. A new method for calculating confidence intervals of local weights is developed, which, unlike others, takes into account the uncertainty of scale, expert's personal qualities such as optimism and pessimism, and does not require comparison of groups of elements with the frame. The method is based on notions of the Dempster-Schafer theory of evidence and results of computer simulation of expert's judgments. An uncertainty index of expert judgments is proposed, assuming that this uncertainty is caused by above factors. An improved method for calculating fuzzy local weights on basis of fuzzy pairwise comparison matrix is proposed, which differs from others in estimating and increasing the consistency of the matrix and taking into account properties of weak and strong order preservation on a set of calculated fuzzy weights. This method, unlike existing ones, makes it possible to determine the weak inconsistency of fuzzy matrix, to assess the acceptability of inconsistency level of fuzzy matrix for reliable local weights calculation, and to find the most inconsistent elements of the matrix using methods developed for crisp matrices. A hybrid method for calculating aggregated weights of hierarchical model elements with interdependent decision criteria has been improved, when input data for evaluation are fuzzy expert judgments. Improvement consists in using the developed more effective methods for assessment and increasing of crisp and fuzzy expert judgements consistency. A method for complex sensitivity analysis of results has been improved by taking into account sensitivity analysis of local rankings of model’s elements. In the developed method for estimating local sensitivity, intervals and indices of stability of pairwise comparison matrix elements are calculated, which retain the best decision alternative and all ranking of alternatives. Resulting stability intervals allow to find critical elements of the problem that require more careful analysis. A new technique for estimating the rank reversal is suggested, which can appear after applying combination rules of confidence functions for model’s elements. Using this technique, the Dempster, Yager, Zhang, Dubois and Prada and other combination rules were examined. Cases and features of rank reversals appearance in these rules were revealed. New techniques and tools for modeling a process of decision alternatives evaluation by an expert of high competence, expert-optimist and expert-pessimist while performing pairwise comparisons are developed. Using these techniques and tools, efficiency of proposed methods has been proved. A decision support system has been constructed on basis of proposed methods and techniques. This system has been used to solve several practical problems. Within the work with the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, critical technologies of the Ukrainian energy industry were assessed, priorities of technologies were calculated and aggregated according to hierarchical model of criteria, and on their basis the most priority technologies for implementation were identified. In the course of research work together with the Institute of Space Research, directions of the expedient use of space information for remote sensing of the Earth for geoinformation systems were evaluated and the relative demand for the space information in the national economy of Ukraine was determined. On order of the Kyiv City State Administration, social problems of the Kyiv city were estimated in terms of benefits, costs, opportunities and risks, followed by selection of priority activities for implementation and evaluation of scenarios of the transport system development. Results of the dissertation work have been introduced into the educational process of the department "Mathematical methods of system analysis" of Institute for applied system analysis of National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”.
В диссертационной работе предложена методология поддержки принятия решений, которая с использованием разработанного системного подхода позволяет повысить достоверность решений в сложных слабо структурированных системах на основе иерархических и сетевых моделей и включает новые и усовершенствованные методы: оценки и повышения согласованности матриц парных сравнений общего вида в зависимости от свойств этих матриц, расчета доверительных интервалов для локальных весов, расчета нечетких локальных весов, гибридный метод расчета локальных и агрегированных весов, метод комплексной оценки чувствительности решения, а также способ оценки реверса рангов при использовании различных правил комбинирования функций доверия. Разработаны новые методики, средства и система моделирования экспертного оценивания. Практическое значение полученных результатов заключается в создании инструментария в виде системы поддержки принятия решений, который применен при решении практических задач по заказу министерств и ведомств Украины.
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Недашківська, Надія Іванівна. "Методологія та інструментарій підтримки прийняття рішень на основі ієрархічних та мережевих моделей". Doctoral thesis, Київ, 2018. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/25119.

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Анотація:
Робота виконана в Інституті прикладного системного аналізу Національного технічного університету України «Київський політехнічний інститут імені Ігоря Сікорського»
У дисертаційній роботі запропоновано методологію підтримки прийняття рішень, яка з використанням розробленого системного підходу дозволяє підвищити достовірність розв’язків в складних слабко структурованих системах на основі ієрархічних та мережевих моделей і включає нові та удосконалені методи: оцінювання і підвищення узгодженості матриць парних порівнянь загального виду залежно від властивостей цих матриць, розрахунку довірчих інтервалів для локальних ваг, розрахунку нечітких локальних ваг, гібридний метод розрахунку локальних та агрегованих ваг, метод комплексного оцінювання чутливості розв'язку та спосіб оцінювання реверсу рангів при використанні різних правил комбінування функцій довіри. Розроблено нові методики, засоби та система моделювання експертного оцінювання. Практичне значення одержаних результатів полягає у створенні інструментарію у вигляді системи підтримки прийняття рішень, який застосовано при розв'язанні практичних задач на замовлення міністерств і відомств України.
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German, Hayley, M. Fortin, and D. Read. "Justice judgments: Individual self-insight and between- and within-person consistency." 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/10326.

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Анотація:
No
We use the method of policy capturing to address three open-ended questions regarding how people judge the fairness of events. First, do people differ in how they judge whether a situation is fair or unfair; second, are fairness judgments stable within-person; and, third, how much insight do people have into how they make fairness judgments? To investigate these questions, we used the method of policy capturing and a representative design that samples situations as well as participants. Forty-nine employees rated the global fairness of 56 performance appraisals sampled from their own organization (N = 2,744 situations), and regression methods were used to infer their judgment policy from their choices. We found that people differed greatly in how they judged fairness but used quite consistent policies across similar situations. Participants also provided self-reports of their judgment policies, and comparisons of these self-reports with actual policies revealed limited levels of self-insight.
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Книги з теми "Consistency of expert judgments"

1

Puuronen, Seppo. Consistency and performance of rule-based systems: A tabular representation approach. Jyväskylä: Jyväskylän yliopisto, 1988.

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2

Gayretli, Ahmet. An expert system for supporting design consistency based on design for manufacturability. Leicester: De Montfort University, 1999.

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3

1939-, Baylson Michael M., ed. Proposed amendments to Civil Rules 26 and 56. Newark, NJ: LexisNexis, 2008.

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4

Expert evidence deficiencies in the judgments of the courts of the European Union and the European Court of Human Rights. Alphen aan den Rijn, The Netherlands: Wolters Kluwer Law & Business, 2014.

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5

Assessing uncertainty in expert judgments about natural resources. New Orleans, La: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station, 1994.

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6

Southern Forest Experiment Station (New Orleans, La.), ed. Assessing uncertainty in expert judgments about natural resources. New Orleans, La: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station, 1994.

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7

Galway, Lionel. Evaluating Uncertainty in Cost Estimates: A Practical Guide to Eliciting Expert Judgments. RAND Corporation, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.7249/rb216.

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8

Couzigou, Irène. Enforcement of UN Security Council Resolutions and of ICJ Judgments. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198746560.003.0022.

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This chapter outlines the different enforcement mechanisms of Security Council resolutions as well as of ICJ judgments. Overall, enforcement can take two forms: direct enforcement, when the content of the decision not implemented by the addressee is implemented by another actor; or indirect enforcement, when coercive measures are taken against the non-complying actor in order to compel compliance. The chapter first outlines how binding Security Council measures are enforced, before analysing the enforcement of ICJ judgments. It then examines the enforcement of Security Council resolutions and of ICJ judgments, arguing that such enforcement is mostly political, influenced by State sensitivities and thus, unreliable. The chapter finally concludes with some proposed alternatives to improving the consistency of the enforcement of Security Council and ICJ measures.
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9

Haman, Christian. Integration Neuronaler Netze in Regelbasiert Juristische Expertensysteme. Lang AG International Academic Publishers, Peter, 1998.

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10

Masuda, Takahiko, Liman Man Wai Li, and Matthew J. Russell. Judging the World Dialectically versus Non-Dialectically. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199348541.003.0007.

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For over three decades, cultural psychologists have advocated the importance of cultural meaning systems and their effects on basic modes of perception and cognition. This chapter reviews findings which have demonstrated that culturally dominant ways of thinking influence people’s basic perceptual and cognitive processes: East Asians are more likely to endorse holistic thinking and dialectical thinking style when they process information, such that they incorporate more contextual information into their judgments of focal objects, and North Americans are more likely to endorse non-dialectical thinking and analytical thinking styles, by focusing on foreground information. The chapter also reviews recent findings related to higher cognitive processes in judgments and decision making processes. It emphasizes two lines of research showing how cultural differences in perception and cognition affect the online decision making process, one involving various online processes in decision making and the other involving how cultures experience indecisiveness in their decisions. Finally, this chapter introduces recent findings highlighting how cultural differences in perception and cognition affect how people make judgments involved in resource allocation, how cultural consistency values affect personality judgments, and how memory judgments are affected by neural cues. To close, it discusses the importance of this line of research and its future directions.
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Частини книг з теми "Consistency of expert judgments"

1

Garribba, Sergio F., and Andrea Servida. "Evidence aggregation in expert judgments." In Uncertainty and Intelligent Systems, 385–400. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-19402-9_95.

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2

Adli, Aria. "Gradedness and Consistency in Grammaticality Judgments." In Linguistic Evidence, 7–26. Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110197549.7.

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3

Cellary, W., A. Jaeschke, T. Morzy, H. Orth, and G. Zilly. "Database — Knowledge Base Consistency Monitor." In Database and Expert Systems Applications, 554–58. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-7553-8_90.

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4

Limnararat, Sunpasit, and Leonard E. Farmer. "An Expert System for Assessing Flatness with a CMM." In Global Consistency of Tolerances, 303–12. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1705-2_31.

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5

Reaven, Sheldon J. "The Reliability of Individual and Pooled Expert Judgments." In Uncertainty in Risk Assessment, Risk Management, and Decision Making, 189–206. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5317-1_16.

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6

Vossen, Gottfried, and Roger Schwarz. "Dynamic Scheduling of Transactions in Design Databases based on Version Consistency." In Database and Expert Systems Applications, 196–202. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-7553-8_32.

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7

de Barros, Jose Acacio. "Decision Making for Inconsistent Expert Judgments Using Negative Probabilities." In Quantum Interaction, 257–69. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45912-6_23.

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8

de Barros, Jose Acacio. "Decision Making for Inconsistent Expert Judgments Using Negative Probabilities." In Quantum Interaction, 257–69. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54943-4_23.

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9

Shintani, Toramatsu. "A consistency maintenance mechanism for subjective judgments and its application." In Logic Programming '89, 163–73. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-53919-0_11.

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10

Popescu, Ilié. "Combining Constraints and Consistency Techniques in Knowledge-Based Expert Systems." In Advances in Information Systems, 191–200. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-40888-6_18.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Consistency of expert judgments"

1

Yazdani, Morteza, Violeta Doval Hernandez, Prasenjit Chatterjee, and Edmundas Kazimieras Zavadskas. "A statistical approach for improvement of Best Worst Method (BWM)." In Sustainable Decisions in Built Environment. VGTU Technika, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/colloquium.2019.002.

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This paper endeavors to measure the consistency of a decision-making tool, popularly known as Best Worst Method (BWM), which is one of the latest developments in multiple-criteria decision analysis (MCDA). BWM is finding a vast arra of applications in the literature. Several investigators have extended this tool. BWM measures the weight of decision-making criterion and is recognized as a subjective decision tool. The first step in this method is to find the best and worst criterion, while we suppose several experts are asked to present their evaluation over set of criteria. The aim is to measure how these judgments are consistent and reliable. So, we statistically (using χ2 distribution) add a pre-evaluation to experts’ opinion and analyze whether the agreement of experts’ opinions is satisfactory and group opinion is established. This action improves the quality of the decision-making process by incorporating the reliability evaluation of experts’ idea. This extension for BWM helps decision makers in facilitating and getting results that are more consistent for criteria evaluation. We present examples in sustainable construction and architecture project.
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2

Hassanien, Sherif, Len Krissa, and Vitaly Vorontsov. "Pipeline Coating Selection Process: A Hybrid Multi-Criteria Based Approach." In 2014 10th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2014-33264.

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The most critical component of external corrosion prevention on pipeline is the protective coating system. The coating selection process can be extremely challenging due to the sheer number of manufacturers and products/options that are offered — often with limited performance data available. Relying solely on manufacturer’s recommendations or information can be problematic when the anticipated service environment has not been adequately characterized, application parameters not completely understood, and/or when there is a misunderstanding of the product’s capabilities. Although there are many test methods for evaluation of pipe coatings, there are no commonly accepted test protocols or acceptance criteria for selecting coatings. Moreover, laboratory based testing is often complicated, expensive, and rarely provides an accurate simulation of field conditions. Although in-house subject matter experts (SMEs) and/or independent coating specialists provide some confidence in coating selection, the diversity of background and experience between these experts frequently creates inconsistency in coating evaluations and can produce divergent or conflicting recommendations. In this paper, an innovative approach is proposed to address these coating selection process challenges. The proposed approach incorporates a systematic analysis of critical material attributes within an expert environment, and applies established decision making techniques to the evaluation. Priorities are developed by structuring a hierarchy of criteria and eliciting technical judgment of company’s SMEs, stakeholders, and unbiased industry specialists. The Deterministic Analytic Hierarchy Process (d-AHP) is applied using pairwise comparisons for prioritizing coating products/options and achieving an optimal selection. The experts’ opinions can then be updated by technical lab-based results for a smaller selection of top ranked products. Laboratory tests would be expected to be completed annually based on smart selection of certain products and to ensure year-over-year consistency. This paper also presents a probabilistic approach that improves d-AHP in order to capture uncertainties in experts’ opinions and/or lab results through probabilistic AHP (p-AHP). Although this approach is not widely used within the pipeline industry, there is a potential opportunity to improve conventional approaches for selecting and approving coatings for pipelines based on a systematic/quantitative approach.
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3

Erasmus, Izak Pierre, and Maya Daneva. "ERP Effort Estimation Based on Expert Judgments." In 2013 Joint Conference of the 23nd International Workshop on Software Measurement and the 8th International Conference on Software Process and Product Measurement (IWSM-MENSURA). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iwsm-mensura.2013.25.

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4

Gavalec, Martin, and Karel Mls. "Consistency of Expert-based Preference Matrices." In International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Creative Decisions Foundation, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.13033/isahp.y2014.063.

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5

Leontaris, Georgios, and Georgios Katsouris. "Improving Uncertainty Representation of Offshore Wind Farms Reliability using Expert Judgments." In Proceedings of the 29th European Safety and Reliability Conference (ESREL). Singapore: Research Publishing Services, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-981-14-8593-0_4021-cd.

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6

Entani, Tomoe. "Fuzzy Approach for Group Assessment Based on the Consistency of Individual Judgments." In 2019 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fuzz-ieee.2019.8858897.

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7

Ligaarden, O. S., A. Refsdal, and K. Stolen. "Experiences from Using Indicators to Validate Expert Judgments in Security Risk Analysis." In 2011 Third International Workshop on Security Measurements and Metrics (Metrisec). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/metrisec.2011.13.

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8

Anderson, Sven, S. Rebecca Thomas, Ki Won Kwon, and Wayne Zhang. "The Effect of Semantic Difference on Non-expert Judgments of Simplified Sentences." In SLPAT 2016 Workshop on Speech and Language Processing for Assistive Technologies. ISCA: ISCA, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/slpat.2016-10.

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9

Hedin, Bruce, and Douglas W. Oard. "Replication and automation of expert judgments: Information engineering in legal e-discovery." In 2009 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics - SMC. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2009.5346118.

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10

Kadenko, Sergii, and Vitaliy Tsyganok. "AN UPDATE ON COMBINATORIAL METHOD FOR AGGREGATION OF EXPERT JUDGMENTS IN AHP." In The International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Creative Decisions Foundation, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.13033/isahp.y2020.012.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Consistency of expert judgments"

1

Cleaves, David A. Assessing Uncertainty in Expert Judgments About Natural Resources. New Orleans, LA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/so-gtr-110.

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2

Lane, Scott. An investigation of the consistency of judgments regarding successive approximations of /r/. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.2848.

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