Готові списки джерел за темами / Conservation of natural resources (Iran)

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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Conservation of natural resources (Iran)"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 21 лютого 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Conservation of natural resources (Iran)"

Azhdari, G. H., K. Deilami, and E. Firooznia. "IMPLEMENTING NATURAL RESOURCES CADASTRAL PLAN IN PASARGADAE DISTRICT OF IRAN BY USING QUICK BIRD IMAGES." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-1-W5 (December 10, 2015): 73–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-1-w5-73-2015.

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Natural Resources are essential for security and sustainable development of each country. Therefore, in order to reach sustainable development, conservation as well as optimum utilization of natural resources, executing of natural resources cadastral plan is necessary and essential. Governments conduct lands management in Iran, so there is a need for comprehensive plan with arranged program for best evaluation. In this research as a pilot, Pasargadae city is opted. Pasargadae region is located in north-east of Shiraz in Fars province with Latitude and longitude of 30° 15 ́ 53 ̋ N and 53° 13 ́ 29 ̋ E respectively. In order to generate the cadastral maps, Firstly, images from QuickBird satellite with 50-60 centimeters resolution were georeferenced by utilizing ground control points with accurate GPS coordinates. In addition to satellite images, old paper maps with 1:10000 scale in local coordinate system from agriculture ministry in 1963 were digitized according to 1:25000 scale map from army geographical organization with AutoCad software. Beside, paper maps with 1:50000 scale and Google Earth were used to find the changes during time. All the above maps were added to QuickBird images as new layers by using ArcMap software. These maps also were utilized to determine the different land-uses. Thus, by employing ArcMap software lands divide into 2 groups: firstly, lands with official document, which is owned by either natural or legal persons, and secondly national lands under different uses such as forestry, range management and desertification plans. Consequently, the generation of cadastral maps leads to better difference between private and national lands. In addition, producing cadastral maps prevent the destruction and illegal possession of natural lands by individuals.

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Rezaeinejad, Ismael, and Amol Khaniwadekar. "The role of Eco-tourism in sustainable development: case study eco-tourism challenges in Iran." E3S Web of Conferences 311 (2021): 02004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202131102004.

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Sustainable development is a new concept formed after the industrial revolution and the problems created concerning industrialization of cities and technological development of cities and linking different economic, cultural, political, and social development and exceptional attention to ecological considerations. Sustainable development has a comprehensive, integrated and human-oriented approach. It includes valuable concepts in preserving, promoting, and improving health and ecological integrity in the long term and providing human needs. Without destroying the next generation's ability and achieving economic dynamism, a livable environment and social equality are critical dimensions. The importance of conservation of natural resources in the urban environment is as significant as one of the essential areas of development of communities and, at the same time, a criterion for improving the quality of life. The consequences of urban development and the complexity of environmental problems have the inevitable existence of green spaces and their development. Due to the role of urban management in achieving sustainable urban development, this research tries to explain the concept of urban management, its objectives, and its components and provide effective urban management to achieve sustainable development. Eco-tourism is mainly based on resources that the natural environment is available to tourists that use it and appropriate conditions and requires protection of natural resources, which can be realized through evaluation of capability and capacity of the natural environment to attract tourists. The unique geography and diversity of natural phenomena caused Iran to be recognized as the fifth most crucial natural diversity globally, but planning for using these conditions is still not provided. In addition, the country's eco-tourism is faced with social, economic, and environmental problems, and for planning in the field of overcoming this challenge, we first need to recognize these challenges.

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pour, Mohsen Javanmiri. "FIRE CHARACTERISTICS OF ZAGROS FOREST ECOSYSTEM, KERMANSHAH PROVINCE, WESTERN IRAN." Environment & Ecosystem Science 5, no. 2 (July 15, 2021): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/ees.02.2021.94.100.

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Fires are an integral part of many terrestrial biomes and a major source of disturbance in nature. The purpose of this study is to assess the causes and characteristics of fires in the Zagros ecosystem in ten consecutive years from 2011 to 2020. To conduct this research, wholly fire events that occurred in natural areas in the Gilan-e Gharb basin during the fire season detailed in a decade. In practice, immediately after informed of the occurrence of fires in natural areas, research data recorded. Totally, 233 event fires have occurred in the ten years from 2011 to 2020. The fire affected approximately 11,420 hectares of natural areas. The highest frequency of monthly fires during the months of the fire season includes 53, 44, and 40 events, which concern August, July, and September, respectively. The frequency of fires in different components of natural resources shows that the highest and the least frequency includes non-wooded pastures (44.6±5.6) and mixed Forest-rangeland (14.25±4.11). The most causes of fire in natural areas include recreation and hunting (43.3±16.1). The maximum frequency of the fire area includes <100 hectares’ classes (83.6±20.57). Most fires suppressed in a very short period (64.27±26.17). Daneh Khoshk, Nawdar, Poshteh, Peikoleh, Belaleh, Cheleh – Ghalajeh as well as Chikan regions include a high risk of fire. The issues connected to the fire are multidimensional. It deals with climatic and habitat factors, social issues, and the nature conservation culture institutionalization among the local people. To reduce the fire and the resulting damage, it is necessary to perform basic proceedings in whole fields.

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Heshmati, Mosayeb, Mohammad Gheitury, and Samad Shadfar. "Factors affecting possibility of ecotourism development and sustaining natural resources using SWOT approach in west Iran." International Journal of Geoheritage and Parks 10, no. 2 (June 2022): 173–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgeop.2022.03.004.

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Mahmoodi, Nariman, Jens Kiesel, Paul D. Wagner, and Nicola Fohrer. "Integrating water use systems and soil and water conservation measures into a hydrological model of an Iranian Wadi system." Journal of Arid Land 12, no. 4 (July 2020): 545–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40333-020-0125-3.

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Abstract Water resources are precious in arid and semi-arid areas such as the Wadis of Iran. To sustainably manage these limited water resources, the residents of the Iranian Wadis have been traditionally using several water use systems (WUSs) which affect natural hydrological processes. In this study, WUSs and soil and water conservation measures (SWCMs) were integrated in a hydrological model of the Halilrood Basin in Iran. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used to simulate the hydrological processes between 1993 and 2009 at daily time scale. To assess the importance of WUSs and SWCMs, we compared a model setup without WUSs and SWCMs (Default model) with a model setup with WUSs and SWCMs (WUS-SWCM model). When compared to the observed daily stream flow, the number of acceptable calibration runs as defined by the performance thresholds (Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE)≥0.68, −25%≤percent bias (PBIAS)≤25% and ratio of standard deviation (RSR)≤0.56) is 177 for the Default model and 1945 for the WUS-SWCM model. Also, the average Kling-Gupta efficiency (KGE) of acceptable calibration runs for the WUS-SWCM model is higher in both calibration and validation periods. When WUSs and SWCMs are implemented, surface runoff (between 30% and 99%) and water yield (between 0 and 18%) decreased in all sub-basins. Moreover, SWCMs lead to a higher contribution of groundwater flow to the channel and compensate for the extracted water by WUSs from the shallow aquifer. In summary, implementing WUSs and SWCMs in the SWAT model enhances model plausibility significantly.

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Heydari, Moslem, Afshin Honarbakhsh, Mahdi Pajoohesh, and Maryam Zangiabadi. "LAND USE OPTIMIZATION USING THE FUZZY MATHEMATICAL-SPATIAL APPROACH: A CASE STUDY OF CHELGERD WATERSHED, IRAN." Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management 26, no. 2 (June 27, 2018): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16486897.2017.1350688.

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In recent years, inappropriate land use, urban and industrial development along with different pollutions emanating from it gives rise to loss of natural resources and further leads to destructive floods, soil erosion, sedimentation and other various environmental, economic and social damages. Thus, management and planning are essential for the proper utilization, protection and revival of these resources. This study aimed to develop a mathematical-spatial optimum utilization model using FGP – MOLA in watershed including environmental and economic objectives while considering social issues. The results showed that the proposed model can lead to economic growth to 37% and decreasing the environmental damages to 2.4%. Under optimized condition, the area allocated to dry farming lands will decrease about 12% and gardens will increase about 423% and the other land uses remain unchanged too. In addition to, the results demonstrated the usefulness and efficiency of the proposed fuzzy model due to its flexibility and capability to simultaneously provide both optimum values and location of production resources.

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Reza E Owfi, Hossein Barani, and Ahmad Abedi Sarvestani. "Study of non-grazing conflicts in protected areas (case study: Bahram-e Goor protected area-Iran)." International Journal of Frontiers in Engineering and Technology Research 3, no. 2 (December 30, 2022): 044–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.53294/ijfetr.2022.3.2.0057.

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Protected areas have emerged as one of the most important and effective tools in the world for biodiversity conservation. Changing the use of natural lands, especially rangelands to protected areas, causes livestock grazing to be restricted in some of the grazing lands. These restrictions cause conflict between different natural land stakeholders. This study investigates the non-grazing management conflicts in the Bahram-e Goor protected area in Iran. In the first stage of the study, in order to investigate the existing conflicts, interviews were conducted with various stakeholders. The sampling method is classification, optimum allocation and targeted sampling method and the statistical population size is obtained from snowball method. The tool used for data collection was questionnaire and R and Gephi software were used for statistical analysis of data. Overall, 15 stakeholder groups and 19 conflict codes were identified. On the other hand, 354 questionnaires were also completed. The results of this research show the number of conflicts of the Department of Environment with 20 conflicts, more than others. Also, the highest number of conflicts is between the Department of Environment and unauthorized tourists, with four conflicts, and with farmers and gardeners, with three conflicts. Based on the findings of this study, in order to resolve key and important conflicts, planning can be done by the management of natural resources and protected areas.

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Sobhani, Parvaneh, Hassan Esmaeilzadeh, Seyed Mohammad Moein Sadeghi, Isabelle D. Wolf, and Azade Deljouei. "Relationship Analysis of Local Community Participation in Sustainable Ecotourism Development in Protected Areas, Iran." Land 11, no. 10 (October 21, 2022): 1871. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11101871.

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Nature conservation efforts cannot succeed without stakeholder participation. The inherent complexity of nature-based ecotourism has made the development of sustainable ecotourism operations a challenge, so it is essential to increase community stakeholder participation. Hence, this study investigates local community participation in Lar National Park (LNP) and the Jajrud Protected Area with the Sustainable Use of Natural Resource Areas (JPA) in Iran and evaluates how this influences the sustainability of ecotourism. This study found that in LNP, sustainable ecotourism development involving local communities is increasing because of the high level of attachment and interest to this part of pristine nature. In the JPA, the relationship between local community participation and ecotourism sustainability is significant too. As a result, natural habitats have been degraded and sustainability has decreased. To conserve these critically endangered natural areas, managers and decision-makers must increase community participation and education to encourage local communities to engage more in developing sustainable ecotourism.

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Yousefi, Fazeleh, and Francesco Nocera. "The Role of Ab-Anbars in the Vernacular Architecture of Iran with Emphasis on the Performance of Wind-Catchers in Hot and Dry Climates." Heritage 4, no. 4 (October 27, 2021): 3987–4000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage4040219.

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Vernacular and traditional Iranian architecture has always acted rationally, harmoniously, and climate-friendly to meet the needs of the people in dealing with the environment. In addition, without harming the environment, they have achieved the best initiatives with the least facilities. For example, we can mention that the Ab-Anbars in arid and desert areas of Iran, which are used to store water in seasons with precipitation for use in the rest of the year, has been an optimal way to use natural resources and provide climate comfort. The Ab-Anbars are realized with ventilated cisterns through openings on their roof or wind-catchers to keep the water cool and provide comfortable conditions for the occupants. In order to study the essential role of natural ventilation and cooling in the Ab-Anbars, thermal analysis with CFD software was carried out to assess the effectiveness of a typical wind-catcher according to different wind directions in Yazd city. The results showed that Ab-Anbars have played an important role in reducing cooling loads and supply the necessary ventilation rate of buildings and can be used in the future for application in contemporary architecture and urban planning.

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Yazdanpanah, Masoud, Nozar Monfared, and Stefan Hochrainer-Stigler. "Inter-Related Effects due to Droughts for Rural Populations: A Qualitative Field Study for Farmers in Iran." International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters 31, no. 2 (August 2013): 106–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/028072701303100201.

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This paper provides in-depth information on the multiple realities and time-dependencies during droughts over different sub-groups of an affected society. Dynamics are analyzed based on categorization of impacts into human, social, financial and natural capital effects and using the theory of conservation of resources for the behavioral explanation of selected coping strategies. A qualitative field study based on this approach was conducted in a village in southern Iran. It was found that droughts can cause waves of negative effects on various capital dimensions to farmers, especially the poor. The dimensions are very much interrelated and can multiply negative effects, decreasing resilience to drought to very low levels that can eventually lead to poverty trap-like situations. Furthermore, it was found that government aid interventions unintendedly worsened the situation of the poor. To avoid such situations it is suggested to shift from relief or ex-post interventions to a proactive risk management approach.

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Дисертації з теми "Conservation of natural resources (Iran)"

Emadi, Mohammad H., of Western Sydney Hawkesbury University, Faculty of Agriculture and Horticulture, and School of Agriculture and Rural Development. "Pastoralists, participation and policy : an action oriented, systemic and participatory approach to improve the relationships between pastoralist nomads, government and natural resources in Iran." THESIS_FAH_ARD_Emadi_M.xml, 1995. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/301.

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The study focuses on the relationships between nomads, the government and the natural resource base of Iran as a problematical situation. The research approach adopted was action-oriented with an emphasis on the process of development through the integration of theory with practice in a critical learning system designed to improve the situation and emphasising the significance of systemic thinking and acting.The underlying rationale for the approach is that the relatively limited achievements in nomadic development and natural conservation to date stem from the fact that policies are: (a) based on a reductionist view point and analysis, which separates theory from practice, and neglects the diversity, complexity and recursiveness of the different dimensions of nomadic life; and (b) developed on the basis of government perceptions of the nature of the issues confronting nomads rather than on the basis of shared concerns with the nomads themselves. There were three phases of fieldwork which, when taken together, represent what might be termed a system of systemic research methodologies. The first phase of the fieldwork was an attempt to explore the problematic situation from the point of view of particular group of nomads and government agents. The second phase of research turned to an action-oriented approach to establish the process of conversation and mutual recognition and accommodation of change among ‘clients’ and the researcher as facilitator to help each group of participants (nomads and government) to understand their own position and worldviews, to help each group of participants to recognise and appreciate differences in their positions, perceptions, and to establish a framework for action and improving the situation within each group could benefit in a reciprocal manner. The third phase of research focused on the learning organisation as a strategy to improve relationships. The recursive nature of the research, both in terms of relationship between theory and practice and also its three phases, is reflected in the structure of the thesis.
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

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Emadi, Mohammad H. "Pastoralists, participation and policy : an action oriented, systemic and participatory approach to improve the relationships between pastoralist nomads, government and natural resources in Iran." Thesis, View thesis View thesis View thesis, 1995. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/301.

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Emadi, Mohammad H. "Pastoralists, participation and policy : an action oriented, systemic and participatory approach to improve the relationships between pastoralist nomads, government and natural resources in Iran /." View thesis View thesis View thesis, 1995. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030530.122653/index.html.

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Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury, 1995.
PnD thesis, School of Agriculture and Rural Development, Faculty of Agriculture and Horticulture, University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury, 1995. Bibliography : leaves 324-337.

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Hatami, Hossein. "Pricing of domestically consumed oil in Iran." Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08222009-040326/.

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Lai, Shin-kwan Flora. "Conservation consideration in Hong Kong : a case study of sites of special scientific interest (SSSI) /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19906092.

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Edwards, Taylor. "Desert tortoise conservation genetics." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291566.

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Managing for the long-term survival of a species requires an understanding of its population genetics. The desert tortoise, Gopherus agassizii, inhabits the Mojave and Sonoran deserts of North America. Desert tortoises face many threats to their continued survival, including habitat loss and fragmentation. I used mitochondrial and microsatellite DNA markers to examine genetic structure within and among populations of desert tortoises. I found that both the Mojave and Sonoran populations of desert tortoise exhibit similar patterns of population genetic structure. Gene flow among localities within each region is part of the evolutionary history of the desert tortoise and dispersal events probably play an important role in the long-term maintenance of populations. Movement barriers caused by anthropogenic landscape changes have the potential to effect desert tortoise population viability. Understanding the historical connectivity between and within the Mojave and Sonoran populations of desert tortoises will help facilitate the conservation of this species.

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Green, Gina C. "Conservation projects in Central America an analysis to determine the ingredients for success /." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1989. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/26977311.html.

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Tanner, Randy. "Legitimacy and the use of natural resources in Kruger National Park, South Africa." CONNECT TO THIS TITLE ONLINE, 2007. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-05222008-101255/.

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Singh, Jaidev. "State-making and community-based natural resource management : cases of the Vhimba CAMPFIRE Project (Zimbabwe) and the Chimanimani Transfrontier Conservation Area (Mozambique) /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5532.

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Calegari, Valerie Rose. "Environmental perceptions and local conservation efforts in Cuatro Ciénegas, Coahuila, México /." Access online version, 1997. http://www.desertfishes.org/cuatroc/lit/calegari/thesis.html.

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Книги з теми "Conservation of natural resources (Iran)"

Klee, Gary A. Conservation of natural resources. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice Hall, 1991.

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Conservation of natural resources. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2009.

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Natural resources conservation law. New Delhi: Sage Publications, 2010.

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Jakab, Cheryl. Natural resources. North Mankato, MN: Smart Apple Media, 2007.

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Clifford, Sifton. Conservation in 1917. Ottawa: Commission of Conservation, 1997.

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White, James. Conservation in 1918. Ottawa: Commission of Conservation, 1997.

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Natural resources. London: Evans, 2008.

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Pakistan. Natural resources laws. [Fort Abbas]: Lawvision, 2008.

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II, Conservation Congress. Conservation C.O.N.G.R.E.S.S.: Department of Conservation analysis of recommendations. [Springfield, Ill: Illinois Dept. of Conservation, 1994.

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Sati, Vishwambhar Prasad, editor of compilation, ed. Natural resources conservation and food security. Dehra Dun: Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, 2012.

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Частини книг з теми "Conservation of natural resources (Iran)"

Williams, Byron K., and James D. Nichols. "Optimization in Natural Resources Conservation." In Application of Threshold Concepts in Natural Resource Decision Making, 45–65. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-8041-0_4.

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Kanazawa, Mark. "Energy conservation and energy efficiency." In Natural Resources and the Environment, 198–215. Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429022654-11.

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Monod, Th. "Conservation of Natural Resources in Africa." In Novartis Foundation Symposia, 258–80. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470719411.ch12.

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Flippen, J. Brooks. "NATURAL RESOURCES, CONSERVATION, AND THE ENVIRONMENT." In A Companion To Dwight D. Eisenhower, 264–79. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119027737.ch14.

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Singh, Sanjay, Aditi Thakur, R. S. Tomar, Sushma Tiwari, and R. A. Sharma. "Agro-Biodiversity, Status, and Conservation Strategies: An Indian Perspective." In Towards Sustainable Natural Resources, 69–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06443-2_5.

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Dar, Shahid Ahmad, Sajad Ahmad Dar, and Masarat Nabi. "Conservation of Biodiversity in India: Current Status and Future Strategies." In Towards Sustainable Natural Resources, 195–214. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06443-2_11.

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Hazrana, Jaweriah. "Natural Resources: Classification, Scarcity and Management." In Energy Economics and the Environment: Conservation, Preservation and Sustainability, 47–81. B1/I-1 Mohan Cooperative Industrial Area, Mathura Road New Delhi 110 044: SAGE Publications Pvt Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9789353883102.n3.

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Muñoz Sevilla, Norma Patricia, Maxime Le Bail, and Omar Berkelaar Muñoz. "Public Policies and Biodiversity Conservation in Mexico." In Mexican Natural Resources Management and Biodiversity Conservation, 105–15. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90584-6_4.

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Khatoon, Nasima. "Natural Resources and Biodiversity Conservation Practices in Tawang." In Tawang, Monpas and Tibetan Buddhism in Transition, 89–102. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4346-3_7.

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McKelvey, Robert. "Common Property and the Conservation of Natural Resources." In Applied Mathematical Ecology, 58–80. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61317-3_3.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Conservation of natural resources (Iran)"

Khan, Muhammad Moazzam. "Conservation and Management of Natural Resources." In IBRAS 2021 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCE. Juw, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37962/ibras/2021/104-105.

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Wyshnytzky, Cianna, and Todd Sieber. "NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE PROGRAMS & EXAMPLES UTAH PROJECTS." In 72nd Annual GSA Rocky Mountain Section Meeting - 2020. Geological Society of America, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2020rm-346423.

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Arthur M. Brate. "Rehabilitation of the Natural Resources Conservation Service Small Watershed Dams." In 2003, Las Vegas, NV July 27-30, 2003. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.13782.

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Riyazi, İlgar, Dilek Özdemir, Aslı Cansın Doker, and Ömer Selçuk Emsen. "Dutch Disease and Iranian Economy: Has Orientation to Compulsory Autarky Suppressed the Disease?" In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c08.01848.

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The discovery of natural resources and its impact on the increase in export revenues is highly likely to affect production, consumption and foreign trade relations of non-natural resources sectors. The inertia condition created by the resource exploration is defined as the curse of natural resources. Additionally, the curse of the resources reveals negative repercussions such as the Dutch Disease, rent-seeking, overconfidence and neglect education. Within this aspect, the Dutch disease can be defined as a mechanism emerging through the discovery of natural resources and its exports, which causes negativity in other export products. As the disease will be expected to come out, war and embargo practices can also be considered to be self-sufficiency in diversity in the local/national economy. In this framework, it is discussed in this study, whether Iran falls to the Dutch Disability, or it is organized by external forces the period between 1980 and 2014. According to findings obtained from the time series analyzes, the natural resource richness was determined in Iran if the presence of the Dutch disease is not strong. In recent years, however, it can be said that the weakness of the disease has led to the war and embargo that Iran experienced especially in self-sufficiency.

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Sunandar, Ahmad Dany, Sriyanti Puspita Barus, Wanda Ksuwanda, and Muhammad Hadi Saputra. "Vegetation Diversity and Conservation Implications on Habitat of Taxus (Taxus sumatrana Miq. de Laub) in Northern Sumatra." In International Conference on Natural Resources and Technology. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0008554603650371.

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Calvet, Nicolas, Guilhem Dejean, Lucía Unamunzaga, and Xavier Py. "Waste From Metallurgic Industry: A Sustainable High-Temperature Thermal Energy Storage Material for Concentrated Solar Power." In ASME 2013 7th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2013 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2013 11th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2013-18333.

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The ambitious DOE SunShot cost target ($0.06/kWh) for concentrated solar power (CSP) requires innovative concepts in the collector, receiver, and power cycle subsystems, as well as in thermal energy storage (TES). For the TES, one innovative approach is to recycle waste from metallurgic industry, called slags, as low-cost high-temperature thermal energy storage material. The slags are all the non-metallic parts of cast iron which naturally rises up by lower density at the surface of the fusion in the furnace. Once cooled down some ceramic can be obtained mainly composed of oxides of calcium, silicon, iron, and aluminum. These ceramics are widely available in USA, about 120 sites in 32 States and are sold at a very low average price of $5.37/ton. The US production of iron and steel slag was estimated at 19.7 million tons in 2003 which guarantees a huge availability of material. In this paper, electric arc furnace (EAF) slags from steelmaking industry, also called “black slags”, were characterized in the range of temperatures of concentrated solar power. The raw material is thermo-chemically stable up to 1100 °C and presents a low cost per unit thermal energy stored ($0.21/kWht for ΔT = 100 °C) and a suitable heat capacity per unit volume of material (63 kWht/m3for ΔT = 100°C). These properties should enable the development of new TES systems that could achieve the TES targets of the SunShot (temperature above 600 °C, installed cost below $15/kWht, and heat capacity ≥25 kWht/m3). The detailed experimental results are presented in the paper. After its characterization, the material has been shaped in form of plates and thermally cycled in a TES system using hot-air as heat transfer fluid. Several cycles of charge and discharged were performed successfully and the concept was validated at laboratory scale. Apart from availability, low-cost, and promising thermal properties, the use of slag promotes the conservation of natural resources and is a noble solution to decrease the cost and to develop sustainable TES systems.

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Prestwich, Clarence, and Ruth Book. "A Comparison of Standards: USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service and ASABE." In 2021 ASABE Annual International Virtual Meeting, July 12-16, 2021. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aim.202100041.

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Ginting, Sulaiman, Hadi S. Alikodra, Delvian, and Erni Jumilawaty. "Conservation Bioprospecting: A New Approach to Conserve the World’s Longest Snake, Python reticulatus Schneider, 1801." In International Conference on Natural Resources and Sustainable Development. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0009903800002480.

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Lubis, Hamzah, and Mayang Sari Yeanny. "The Effect of Transfer of Conservation Authority towards Marine Protected Areas in Sumatra Utara Province-Indonesia." In International Conference on Natural Resources and Sustainable Development. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0009899500002480.

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Johansen, Line, Tommy Lennartsson, Anna Westin, Anamaria Iuga, Cosmin Marius Ivascu, Eveliina Eveliina Kallioniemi, and Sølvi Wehn. "Traditional semi-natural grassland management with heterogeneous mowing times enhances flower resources for pollinators in farmed landscapes." In 5th European Congress of Conservation Biology. Jyväskylä: Jyvaskyla University Open Science Centre, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17011/conference/eccb2018/108127.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Conservation of natural resources (Iran)"

Onokpise, Oghenekome U., Don L. Rockwood, Dreamal H. Worthen, and Ted Willis. Celebrating minority professionals in forestry and natural resources conservation: proceedings of the symposium on the tenth anniversary of the 2 + 2 Joint Degree Program in Forestry and Natural Resources Conservation. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/srs-gtr-106.

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McDowell Peek, Katie, Blair Tormey, Holli Thompson, Allan Ellsworth, and Cat Hawkins Hoffman. Climate change vulnerability assessments in the National Park Service: An integrated review for infrastructure, natural resources, and cultural resources. National Park Service, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2293650.

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Climate changes are affecting virtually all National Park Service units and resources, and an assessment of climate vulnerabilities is important for developing proactive management plans to respond appropriately to these changes and threats. Vulnerability assessments typically evaluate exposure and sensitivity of the assessment targets and evaluate adaptive capacity for living resources. Chapters in this report review and evaluate climate vulnerability assessments of National Park Service units and resources including infrastructure, natural resources, and cultural resources. Striking results were the diversity of approaches to conducting vulnerability assessments, the small number of vulnerability assessments for National Park Service cultural resources, and the large differences in the “state of the science” of conducting assessments among the three resource groups. Vulnerability assessment methodologies are well established for evaluating infrastructure and natural resources, albeit with very different techniques, but far less is known or available for designing and/or conducting cultural resources assessments. Challenges consistently identified in the vulnerability assessments, or the chapters were: Limited capacity of park staff to fully engage in the design and/or execution of the vulnerability assessments. Most park staff are fully engaged in on-going duties. Inconsistent use of terms, definitions, and protocols, sometimes resulting in confusion or inefficiencies. Discovering and acquiring National Park Service vulnerability assessments because results were inconsistently archived. Aligning results with park needs due to differences in level of detail, scope, and/or resolution, or format(s) for reporting results. Best practices and recommendations identified in multiple chapters were: Ensure that vulnerability assessments are designed to match parks’ needs, and that results are reported in ways that inform identified management decisions. Prioritize resources to be thoroughly assessed so effort is directed to the most important threats and resources. Evaluate all components of vulnerability (not just exposure). Explicitly and systematically address uncertainty, recognizing the range of climate projections and our understanding of potential responses. Identify and, where possible, focus on key vulnerabilities that most threaten conservation or management goals. Embrace partnerships and engage others with necessary expertise. Good vulnerability assessments usually require expertise in a broad range of subject areas.

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Saluja, Ridhi, and Thanapon Piman. The wetlands of the lower Songkhram River basin need collaborative conservation. Stockholm Environment Institute, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2022.029.

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The wetlands of the lower Songkhram River basin are protected as a Ramsar site and a regional environmental asset, but they are under threat from numerous factors related to developmental activities. The lower Songkhram River is the last free-flowing tributary of the Mekong River and is a lifeline for over 14 000 households and a haven to many endemic biodiversity species. Local communities in the region have unique associations with the natural resources in the river basin, including the wetlands, and they perceive immense value in conserving these ecosystems. Natural resource policies lack specific guidelines and collaborative approaches for the protection, conservation and management of the wetland resources of the lower Songkhram River. The way forward should be led by a synchronized planning process, collaborative governance of the wetland resources, and empowerment of already existing local community groups.

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Hudgens, Bian, Jene Michaud, Megan Ross, Pamela Scheffler, Anne Brasher, Megan Donahue, Alan Friedlander та ін. Natural resource condition assessment: Puʻuhonua o Hōnaunau National Historical Park. National Park Service, вересень 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2293943.

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Natural Resource Condition Assessments (NRCAs) evaluate current conditions of natural resources and resource indicators in national park units (parks). NRCAs are meant to complement—not replace—traditional issue- and threat-based resource assessments. NRCAs employ a multi-disciplinary, hierarchical framework within which reference conditions for natural resource indicators are developed for comparison against current conditions. NRCAs do not set management targets for study indicators, and reference conditions are not necessarily ideal or target conditions. The goal of a NRCA is to deliver science-based information that will assist park managers in their efforts to describe and quantify a park’s desired resource conditions and management targets, and inform management practices related to natural resource stewardship. The resources and indicators emphasized in a given NRCA depend on the park’s resource setting, status of resource stewardship planning and science in identifying high-priority indicators, and availability of data and expertise to assess current conditions for a variety of potential study resources and indicators. Puʻuhonua o Hōnaunau National Historical Park (hereafter Puʻuhonua o Hōnaunau NHP) encompasses 1.7 km2 (0.7 mi2) at the base of the Mauna Loa Volcano on the Kona coast of the island of Hawaiʻi. The Kona coast of Hawaiʻi Island is characterized by calm winds that increase in the late morning to evening hours, especially in the summer when there is also a high frequency of late afternoon or early evening showers. The climate is mild, with mean high temperature of 26.2° C (79.2° F) and a mean low temperature of 16.6° C (61.9° F) and receiving on average 66 cm (26 in) of rainfall per year. The Kona coast is the only region in Hawaiʻi where more precipitation falls in the summer than in the winter. There is limited surface water runoff or stream development at Puʻuhonua o Hōnaunau NHP due to the relatively recent lava flows (less than 1,500 years old) overlaying much of the park. Kiʻilae Stream is the only watercourse within the park. Kiʻilae Stream is ephemeral, with occasional flows and a poorly characterized channel within the park. A stream gauge was located uphill from the park, but no measurements have been taken since 1982. Floods in Kiʻilae Stream do occur, resulting in transport of fluvial sediment to the ocean, but there are no data documenting this phenomenon. There are a small number of naturally occurring anchialine pools occupying cracks and small depressions in the lava flows, including the Royal Fishponds; an anchialine pool modified for the purpose of holding fish. Although the park’s legal boundaries end at the high tide mark, the sense of place, story, and visitor experience would be completely different without the marine waters adjacent to the park. Six resource elements were chosen for evaluation: air and night sky, water-related processes, terrestrial vegetation, vertebrates, anchialine pools, and marine resources. Resource conditions were determined through reviewing existing literature, meta-analysis, and where appropriate, analysis of unpublished short- and long-term datasets. However, in a number of cases, data were unavailable or insufficient to either establish a quantitative reference condition or conduct a formal statistical comparison of the status of a resource within the park to a quantitative reference condition. In those cases, data gaps are noted, and comparisons were made based on qualitative descriptions. Overall, the condition of natural resources within Puʻuhonua o Hōnaunau NHP reflects the surrounding landscape. The coastal lands immediately surrounding Puʻuhonua o Hōnaunau NHP are zoned for conservation, while adjacent lands away from the coast are agricultural. The condition of most natural resources at Puʻuhonua o Hōnaunau NHP reflect the overall condition of ecological communities on the west Hawai‘i coast. Although little of the park’s vegetation...

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Rajarajan, Kunasekaran, Alka Bharati, Hirdayesh Anuragi, Arun Kumar Handa, Kishor Gaikwad, Nagendra Kumar Singh, Kamal Prasad Mohapatra, et al. Status of perennial tree germplasm resources in India and their utilization in the context of global genome sequencing efforts. World Agroforestry, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5716/wp20050.pdf.

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Tree species are characterized by their perennial growth habit, woody morphology, long juvenile period phase, mostly outcrossing behaviour, highly heterozygosity genetic makeup, and relatively high genetic diversity. The economically important trees have been an integral part of the human life system due to their provision of timber, fruit, fodder, and medicinal and/or health benefits. Despite its widespread application in agriculture, industrial and medicinal values, the molecular aspects of key economic traits of many tree species remain largely unexplored. Over the past two decades, research on forest tree genomics has generally lagged behind that of other agronomic crops. Genomic research on trees is motivated by the need to support genetic improvement programmes mostly for food trees and timber, and develop diagnostic tools to assist in recommendation for optimum conservation, restoration and management of natural populations. Research on long-lived woody perennials is extending our molecular knowledge and understanding of complex life histories and adaptations to the environment, enriching a field that has traditionally drawn its biological inference from a few short-lived herbaceous species. These concerns have fostered research aimed at deciphering the genomic basis of complex traits that are related to the adaptive value of trees. This review summarizes the highlights of tree genomics and offers some priorities for accelerating progress in the next decade.

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Dugan, Alexa, Al Steele, David Hollinger, Richard Birdsey, and Jeremy Lichstein. Assessment of Forest Sector Carbon Stocks and Mitigation Potential for the State Forests of Pennsylvania. United States Department of Agriculture, July 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2018.6893743.ch.

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Forests and their products provide many benefits including clean water, recreation, wildlife habitat, wood products, energy, as well as carbon sequestration and climate change mitigation. This project assesses past and future carbon sequestration and mitigation potential across the forest sector of Pennsylvania with a focus on State Forest lands. This research resulted from a collaboration between the U.S. Forest Service and the Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources (PA DCNR).

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Gibbons, Steve, and Sam Kelly. Managing social and environmental risks in supply chains for IDB-financed projects. Inter-American Development Bank, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004644.

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The purpose of this document is to provide practical guidance to support IDB Borrowers, other implementing agencies, and third parties in applying the ESPFs specific requirements related to project supply chain management. This includes, primarily, requirements set out under Standard 1 on Assessment and Management of Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts, Standard 2 on Labor and Working Conditions, and Standard 6 on Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Management of Living Natural Resources. Although some of the principles and guidance contained in this note may be of wider relevance, there is a specific focus on supply chains for public infrastructure projects.

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Murguia, Juan M., Pablo Ordoñez, Leonardo Corral, and Gilmar Navarrete-Chacón. Payment for Ecosystem Services in Costa Rica: Evaluation of a Country-wide Program. Inter-American Development Bank, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004259.

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Several countries have implemented payment-for-ecosystem-services (PES) programs, buoyed by the promise of these programs as a win-win strategy that would allow both the conservation of natural resources, and the reduction of poverty for rural households and communities. Our study evaluates the effect on deforestation of Costa Rica's PES program, one of the oldest country-wide programs in the world. Costa Rica approved the 1996 Forest Law (Law No. 7575), creating a PES program that compensates landowners for forest conservation. We estimate these effects using an event study design with staggered entry into treatment. Our results show a statistically significant effect for the first year with a decrease in deforestation of 0.21 ha, but not for the following years. Given that the baseline level of deforestation in our sample is low, the magnitude of the effect is large. When compared to the pre-2016 average level of within farm deforestation, our estimated effect would imply a 100% reduction in deforestation for the first year after enrollment. Given the program pays the participants for a 5-year period, and that the effect is significant only during the first year, it may be beneficial for the program to reduce its length and implement required simplified annual contract renewals or other behavioral interventions to reduce noncompliance in subsequent years.

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Ruiz de Gauna, Itziar, Anil Markandya, Laura Onofri, Francisco (Patxi) Greño, Javier Warman, Norma Arce, Alejandra Navarrete, et al. Economic Valuation of the Ecosystem Services of the Mesoamerican Reef, and the Allocation and Distribution of these Values. Inter-American Development Bank, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003289.

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Coral reefs are one of the most diverse and valuable ecosystems on Earth. The Mesoamerican Reef contains the largest barrier reef in the Western Hemisphere. However, its health is threatened, so there is a need for a management and sustainable conservation. Key to this is knowing the economic value of the ecosystem. “Mainstreaming the value of natural capital into policy decision-making is vital” The value of environmental and natural resources reflects what society is willing to pay for a good or service or to conserve natural resources. Conventional economic approaches tended to view value only in terms of the willingness to pay for raw materials and physical products generated for human production and consumption (e.g. fish, mining materials, pharmaceutical products, etc.). As recognition of the potential negative impacts of human activity on the environment became more widespread, economists began to understand that people might also be willing to pay for other reasons beyond the own current use of the service (e.g. to protect coral reefs from degradation or to know that coral reefs will remain intact in the future). As a result of this debate, Total Economic Value (TEV) became the most widely used and commonly accepted framework for classifying economic benefits of ecosystems and for trying to integrate them into decision-making. This report estimates the economic value of the following goods and services provided by the MAR's coral reefs: Tourism & Recreation, Fisheries, Shoreline protection. To our knowledge, the inclusion of non-use values in the economic valuation of the Mesoamerican Barrier Reef System is novel, which makes the study more comprehensive.

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