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Статті в журналах з теми "Conditions de sortie":
1
Colombo, Annamaria. "Défis et conditions de l’accompagnement de la sortie de la rue." Partie 3 – Accompagnement socioclinique des jeunes de la rue ou en institution, no. 70 (January 9, 2014): 171–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1021162ar.
Анотація:
Comment comprendre que des programmes d’intervention aident certains jeunes à sortir de la marginalité, mais qu’ils ne représentent pas une aide significative pour d’autres ? Comment expliquer que certains jeunes soient demandeurs d’une aide, alors que d’autres, apparemment dans la même situation, semblent fuir toute relation d’aide ? À partir d’une recherche menée auprès de jeunes sortis de la rue, l’article montre que l’accompagnement de la sortie de la rue ne peut faire l’impasse sur le sens que les jeunes accordent à la relation d’aide, en fonction des attentes de reconnaissance qu’ils ont. Il propose de lire les enjeux qui se jouent aussi bien dans la demande que dans la non-demande d’aide sous leurs différentes formes, à la lumière des trajectoires spécifiques des jeunes.
2
Gold, F., I. De Montgolfier-Aubron, and J. J. Baudon. "Conditions et modalités de sortie du nouveau-né prématuré." Archives de Pédiatrie 6 (January 1999): S258—S260. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0929-693x(99)80432-1.
3
Habli, Sabra, Hatem Mhiri, Salem El Golli, Georges Le Palec, and Philippe Bournot. "Influence des Conditions d’Ejection sur les Grandeurs Dynamique et Thermique d’un Ecoulement de Type Jet Axisymétrique en Régime Laminaire." Journal of Renewable Energies 4, no. 1 (June 30, 2001): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.54966/jreen.v4i1.995.
Анотація:
Une méthode aux différences finies est utilisée pour résoudre les équations régissant un écoulement de type jet axisymétrique en régime laminaire. La discussion porte essentiellement sur la présentation des différentes caractéristiques dynamiques et thermiques pour décrire l’écoulement dans les trois régions du jet. L’influence des conditions d’émission à la sortie de la buse a été aussi traitée, nous avons considéré pour cela des profils de vitesse et de température uniformes ou paraboliques. Nous montrons que l’influence des conditions à la sortie de la buse est importante, dans la région du jet. La zone dans laquelle il n’est plus possible de déceler des différences dues aux conditions d’émission est située beaucoup plus loin et elle dépend des nombres sans dimensions Reynolds et Grashof.
4
Meilliez, Francis, François Duchaussois, Laurent Deschodt, and Francis Amédro. "La vallée du Noirieu et son contexte géologique de Vadencourt à Bergues/Sambre (Aisne)." Annales de la Société Géologique du Nord, no. 26 (December 1, 2019): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.54563/asgn.479.
Анотація:
Les pages qui suivent rendent compte d’une sortie de terrain, partagée entre la Société d’Histoire Naturelle des Ardennes (SHNA), basée à Charleville, et la Société Géologique du Nord, basée à Villeneuve d'Ascq. Environ 25 personnes y ont participé, sous des conditions météorologiques de giboulées en ce 4 mai 2019.
5
Boissinot, C. "Conditions optimales de sortie de maternité du nouveau-né à bas risque médico-social." Archives de Pédiatrie 21, no. 5 (May 2014): 87–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0929-693x(14)71474-5.
6
Lizé, Laurence, and Nicolas Prokovas. "La sortie du chômage : le jeu des mobilités ascendantes et descendantes." Économie appliquée 62, no. 1 (2009): 101–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ecoap.2009.1901.
Анотація:
Cette étude porte sur les trajectoires de retour à l'emploi des chômeurs, en exploitant l’enquête «Sortants de l’ANPE». L’objectif est d’identifier statistiquement certains parcours, notamment ceux débouchant sur une mobilité professionnelle ascendante et descendante. Ces mobilités sont empreintes de fortes contraintes : nos résultats montrent que les chômeurs acceptent les emplois qui leur sont proposés, même si les conditions de travail ne sont guère satisfaisantes.
7
Bonetto, Fabienne. "Équilibres multiples et poids de l’histoire: Quelle responsabilité pour la politique économique?" Panoeconomicus 54, no. 2 (2007): 159–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pan0702159b.
Анотація:
(francuski) En formalisant une dynamique ? effets de seuil, les mod?les ? ?quilibres multiples enrichissent le paradigme de la croissance endog?ne; l?objectif de cet article est de montrer qu?ils renforcent ?galement la responsabilit? de la politique ?conomique. En effet, d?s lors que les conditions initiales s?lectionnent l??quilibre de long terme, l?histoire de la politique publique d?investissement (au sens large) devient d?terminante. Par ailleurs l?intervention publique peut permettre la sortie de la trappe de pauvret?. Sur la p?riode 1970-1995, nous testons l?hypoth?se d?effets de seuil en liaison avec le niveau initial du stock de capital (au sens large) d?velopp? par l??tat. Nos r?sultats empiriques sugg?rent un r?le pour la politique publique dans la diff?renciation des r?gimes de convergence de sorte que la relation entre la croissance et la politique ?conomique n?est pas n?cessairement lin?aire.
8
Lechervy, Christian. "Birmanie : triomphe militaire inaccessible, paix négociée improbable ?" Politique étrangère N° 242, no. 2 (May 17, 2024): 141–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/pe.242.0141.
Анотація:
La junte qui prend le pouvoir en février 2021 prétend vouloir organiser rapidement des élections honnêtes. La répression anti-démocratique puis sa perte de contrôle de larges parts du territoire excluent désormais une telle sortie de crise. On assiste parallèlement à une vaste recomposition des diverses oppositions, au-delà des clivages ethniques, et à des opérations militaires spectaculaires. Dans ces conditions, les médiations internationales, régionales et onusiennes, n’ont eu que peu d’efficacité.
9
Schaut, Christine, and Juliette Woitchik. "Enseigner l’enquête de terrain en milieu universitaire : une sortie dans le monde." Emulations - Revue de sciences sociales, no. 39-40 (May 11, 2022): 153–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.14428/emulations.039-40.08.
Анотація:
Cet article est issu d’une expérience pédagogique menée durant trois années par les deux autrices dans le cadre d’un cours de méthodes de terrain présent dans le cursus universitaire de sciences sociales, politiques et de communication dans une université de la Belgique francophone. Après avoir rapidement tracé le contexte institutionnel dans lequel il s’inscrit et le profil sociologique des étudiant·e·s, l’article se propose, dans un premier temps, d’exposer les contraintes tant organisationnelles, contextuelles qu’épistémologiques auxquelles l’enseignement de l’enquête de terrain a été confronté. Ensuite, il détaille les tactiques mises en place par les enseignantes pour tenter, sinon de les résoudre, du moins de les contourner. Si ces dernières épousent l’inventivité et les capacités d’adaptation de l’enquête de terrain, qui doit toujours composer avec les incertitudes, une lecture plus critique en révèle aussi toute la fragilité et invite à repenser les conditions d’enseignement de l’enquête de terrain.
10
Berger, Marie Josée. "Vers un profil de sortie: l’actualisation linguistique et le perfectionnement du français (ALF/PDF)." Canadian Journal of Program Evaluation 14, no. 1 (March 1999): 103–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjpe.014.006.
Анотація:
Abstract: The present study examined the current situation of language development programs (Actualisation linguistique et perfectionnement du français, ALF/PDF [French language upgrading]) to develop a readiness profile to assess student skills in communicating, learning, and cultural expression. The readiness profile, an overall and detailed assessment of student performance, can be used to guide and develop consistent conditions for the transfer of ALF/PDF students into the regular program.
Дисертації з теми "Conditions de sortie":
1
Poux, Alexandre. "Conditions limites de sortie pour les méthodes de time-splitting appliquées aux équations Navier-Stokes." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14656/document.
Анотація:
La simulation d’écoulements incompressibles pose de nombreuses difficultés. Une première est la question de savoir comment traiter la contrainte d’incompressibilité et le couplage vitesse/pression afin d’obtenir une solution précise à moindre coût. Pour cela, nous nous intéressons en particulier à deux méthodes de time splitting : la correction de pression et la correction de vitesse. Une seconde difficulté porte sur des conditions limites de sortie. Nous nous intéressons ici à deux d’entre elles : la condition limite de traction et la condition limite d’Orlanski. Après avoir détaillé les difficultés pouvant apparaître lors de l’implémentation des méthodes de time-splitting, nous proposons une nouvelle implémentation de la condition limite de traction qui permet d’améliorer les ordres de convergence obtenus. Nous nous intéressons ensuite à la condition limite d’Orlanski qui nécessite une certaine vitesse d’advection C dans la direction normale à la limite dont nous proposons ici une nouvelle définition. Nos propositions sont confrontées à de multiples écoulements physiques afin de valider leurs comportements : l’écoulement en aval d’une marche descendante, l’écoulement au niveau d’une bifurcation,l’écoulement autour d’un obstacle et des écoulements de Poiseuille-Rayleigh-BénardOne of the understudied difficulties in the simulation of incompressible flows is how to treat the incompressibilityconstraint and the velocity/pressure coupling in order to obtain an accurate solution at low computationnalcost. In this context, we develop two methods: pressure-correction and velocity-correction. An anotherdifficulty is due to the boundary conditions. We study here two of them : the traction boundary condition andthe Orlanski boundary condition. After having developed the difficulties that appears when implementing timesplittingmethods, we propose a new way to enforce the traction boundary condition which improves the orderof convergence. Then we propose a new definition of the advective velocity C which is needed for the Orlanskiboundary condition. Our propositions are validated against multiple physical flows: flow over a backward facingstep, flow around a biffurcation, flow around an obstacle and several Poiseuille-Rayleigh-Bénard flows
2
Roques, Martine. "Les conditions psycho-sociales de la sortie du chômage : réorganisation du système des activités en situation de transition." Toulouse 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU20009.
Анотація:
L'axe de cette recherche est constitue par une interrogation sur les conditions psychosociales de sortie du chomage. Ces conditions se trouvent pour une part dans les effets psychologiques du chomage. Ces etudes ont montre que les chomeurs ont un bienetre psychologique plus faible que les employes (perspective fonctionnaliste), que l'impact du chomage ne se produit pas de maniere univoque pour tous les individus (perspective differentialiste) et que l'evolution des effets n'est pas lineaire avec la duree du chomage (perspective genetique). Cependant, l'approche segmentee qui predomine dans ces trois perspectives ne permet pas d'acceder a une comprehension des reactions des chomeurs a ces effets. Un nouveau modele est propose, permettant d'etudier les reactions des individus au niveau du fonctionnement global du systeme des activites. Une analyse longitudinale realisee sur une periode de 19 mois et pour 5 temps d'observation a permis d'obtenir trois sous-groupe, chacun etant caracteristique d'un niveau de la variable a expliquer : la vitesse de sortie du chomage. L'analyse des donnees obtenus permet de voir que la vitesse de sortie du chomage est liee au fonctionnement du systeme des activites dans son ensemble. Le sous-groupe a, compose des sujets qui sortent du chomage au bout de 7 mois, presente un haut niveau global d'activites et une synergie entre les activites professionnelles et sociales; le sous-groupe b, compose des sujets sortant du chomage apres 11 mois, regule la perturbation par intersignification, chaque domaine constituant un appui pour les autres; le sous-groupe c (au chomage pendant 19 mois) pose les activites en oppositionThe topic of this study is based on the question : which are the psychological and psychosociological conditions in getting out of unemployment. These conditions had been partly described by studies interested in psychological effects of unemployment. These studies have shown that : 1) unemployed have a lower psychological well-being tha employed (functionalist point of view); 2) the impact of unemployment is not the same for all individuals (differencialist); 3) this impact is not linear according to the length of unemployment (genetic point of view). However, the segmented approach prevailing in these studies doesn't allow us to acceed to a complet comprehension. A new model is proposed, allowing us analysing individual's reazctions in the global functioning of activity system. A longitudinal analysis based on a period of 19 months and 5 observations allows us to obtain 3 sub-groups, each caracterising one level of the variable to explain : how people getting out of unemployment. The data analysis shows that the rapidity with which an individual getting out of unemployment is due to the global functioning of the activity system. The sub-group a, composed by the subjects who getting out of unemployment after 7 months, show ahigh activity level and a synergy between the professionnal and social activities. The sub-group b, composed by the subjects getting out of unemployment after 11 months, cope with the perturbation by the activity intersignification. Sub-group c (subjects are unemployed for 19 months)
3
Blanc, Alain-Philippe. "Étude des équations de Hamilton-Jacobi avec des conditions de Dirichlet discontinues et applications aux problèmes de contrôle optimal avec temps de sortie et aux problèmes de grandes déviations." Tours, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOUR4004.
Анотація:
Dans la première partie sur le contrôle optimal déterministe, nous étudions des problèmes de temps de sortie avec des coûts de sortie discontinus. Quand le coût de sortie est semi-continu supérieurement et qu'il existe un champ sortant sur le bord, nous montrons que l'enveloppe semi-continue inférieurement de la fonction-valeur est l'unique solution sc. Du problème de Dirichlet associe. Dans le cas d'un problème de Dirichlet pour une équation de Hamilton-Jacobi du premier ordre avec une condition sur le bord discontinue, nous montrons des résultats d'unicité pour des hamiltoniens convexes sous des conditions de non-dégénérescence de l'hamiltonien sur le bord. Dans la deuxième partie sur les perturbations singulières, nous étudions des problèmes de grandes déviations : l'estimation de la probabilité de sortie d'un processus perturbe à travers une suite de parties du bord. Lorsque cette suite tend à être un ouvert du bord, nous obtenons une convergence exponentiellement rapide vers 0 même avec une matrice de perturbation dégénérée. Lorsque la suite de parties du bord tend à n'être qu'un point, le comportement asymptotique de la probabilité de sortie dépend de la vitesse de décroissance de la mesure des parties du bord
4
Cheaytou, Rima. "Etude des méthodes de pénalité-projection vectorielle pour les équations de Navier-Stokes avec conditions aux limites ouvertes." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM4715.
Анотація:
L'objectif de cette thèse consiste à étudier la méthode de pénalité-projection vectorielle notée VPP (Vector Penalty-Projection method), qui est une méthode à pas fractionnaire pour la résolution des équations de Navier-Stokes incompressible avec conditions aux limites ouvertes. Nous présentons une revue bibliographique des méthodes de projection traitant le couplage de vitesse et de pression. Nous nous intéressons dans un premier temps aux conditions de Dirichlet sur toute la frontière. Les tests numériques montrent une convergence d'ordre deux en temps pour la vitesse et la pression et prouvent que la méthode est rapide et peu coûteuse en terme de nombre d'itérations par pas de temps. En outre, nous établissons des estimations d'erreurs de la vitesse et de la pression et les essais numériques révèlent une parfaite concordance avec les résultats théoriques. En revanche, la contrainte d'incompressibilité n'est pas exactement nulle et converge avec un ordre de O(varepsilondelta t) où varepsilon est un paramètre de pénalité choisi assez petit et delta t le pas temps. Dans un second temps, la thèse traite les conditions aux limites ouvertes naturelles. Trois types de conditions de sortie sont étudiés et testés numériquement pour l'étape de projection. Nous effectuons des comparaisons quantitatives des résultats avec d'autres méthodes de projection. Les essais numériques sont en concordance avec les estimations théoriques également établies. Le dernier chapitre est consacré à l'étude numérique du schéma VPP en présence d'une condition aux limites ouvertes non-linéaire sur une frontière artificielle modélisant une charge singulière pour le problème de Navier-StokesMotivated by solving the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations with open boundary conditions, this thesis studies the Vector Penalty-Projection method denoted VPP, which is a splitting method in time. We first present a literature review of the projection methods addressing the issue of the velocity-pressure coupling in the incompressible Navier-Stokes system. First, we focus on the case of Dirichlet conditions on the entire boundary. The numerical tests show a second-order convergence in time for both the velocity and the pressure. They also show that the VPP method is fast and cheap in terms of number of iterations at each time step. In addition, we established for the Stokes problem optimal error estimates for the velocity and pressure and the numerical experiments are in perfect agreement with the theoretical results. However, the incompressibility constraint is not exactly equal to zero and it scales as O(varepsilondelta t) where $varepsilon$ is a penalty parameter chosen small enough and delta t is the time step. Moreover, we deal with the natural outflow boundary condition. Three types of outflow boundary conditions are presented and numerically tested for the projection step. We perform quantitative comparisons of the results with those obtained by other methods in the literature. Besides, a theoretical study of the VPP method with outflow boundary conditions is stated and the numerical tests prove to be in good agreement with the theoretical results. In the last chapter, we focus on the numerical study of the VPP scheme with a nonlinear open artificial boundary condition modelling a singular load for the unsteady incompressible Navier-Stokes problem
5
Fryszman, Aline. "La victoire triste ? : espérances, déceptions et commémorations de la victoire dans le département du Puy-de-Dôme en sortie de guerre (1918-1924)." Phd thesis, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00739078.
Анотація:
La victoire de 1918 est analysée à l'échelle du département du Puy-de-Dôme jusqu'en 1924, quand la Conférence de Londres tente de régler la question des réparations. Elle est une victoire de la nation plus que de la République. Elle est porteuse d'immenses attentes très vite déçues. Les temporalités de la sortie de guerre insistent sur la remobilisation de l'opinion au début de 1918, puis, après la victoire, sur la démobilisation très lente et inégale de l'opinion, remobilisée à nouveau en 1923 au moment de l'occupation de la Ruhr. La sortie de guerre est ritualisée par d'intenses pratiques festives et commémoratives : fêtes de la victoire, du retour des combattants, réinhumations, cérémonies de la Toussaint, inaugurations de monuments aux morts. La victoire a provoqué une formidable liesse mais elle est devenue une victoire triste associée au deuil et aux sacrifices. Elle fait obstacle à une démobilisation culturelle toutefois engagée. Le sens de la victoire est devenu conflictuel.
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Constanty, Jean-Jacques. "Application de la méthode de planification par programme à la détermination d'un plan d'action pour l'organisation d'un réseau de communication et de coordination dans le but d'améliorer les conditions de retour à domicile des personnes âgées handicapées à leur sortie d'une hospitalisation en médecine interne." Bordeaux 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR25148.
7
Rossini, Reynald. ""en sortir" pour "s'en sortir". Etude des conditions de mobilite spatiale et mentale des jeunes en milieu urbain." Lyon 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO20015.
Анотація:
Il y a trente ans, s'interroger sur les relations entre centre-ville et peripherie, revenait a penser que la fluidite des transports abolirait les distances entre les deux univers. Aujourd'hui, la realite apparait tout autre. Les transports en commun, hier salvateurs sont devenus aujourd'hui, le point de congestion des aigreurs d'une partie de la jeunesse des banlieues. Tout se passe comme si unedistance symbolique semblait s'installer et donner naissance a une frontiere de plus en plus infranchissable. D'un cote les "nantis" du centre-ville, de l'autre des jeunes banlieusards qui contraints a l'immobilite, partent a l'assaut de tout ce qui vient de 1' "autre monde". En explorant ce phenomene de mise a distance de certains quartiers peripheriques, il est peut-etre possible de rendre compte qu'un fosse culturel et symbolique se creuse entre centre-ville et banlieue et ce, malgre les tentatives actuelles de divers acteurs sociaux. Bien sur, rien n'autorise a tenir un discours unique et global sur ces phenomenes mais l'etude des conditions de mobilite d'une partie de la jeunesse peut rendre compte des rapports qu'entretiennent exclusion et espace. Les desirs d'insertion seraient donc bien reels mais contrecarres par divers determinants qu'il convient de mettre au jour. L'analyse des discours sur l'usage de l'espace rendent compte de cette difficulte. Alors, "en sortir" pour "s'en sortir"?
8
Barthe, Benjamin. "La clause de sortie des relations contractuelles : proposition de définition unitaire." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1006.
Анотація:
La théorie générale des obligations contractuelles ne traite de la rupture du contrat qu’au travers de la résolution. Elle n’évoque pas non plus la notion de durée du contrat. L’attention des juristes français est ainsi essentiellement portée sur la résolution pour inexécution et sur la résiliation unilatérale fautive du contrat à durée indéterminée. Une autre présentation, plus neutre, est possible : il s’agit d’étudier la sortie du contrat et, plus particulièrement, la possibilité offerte aux parties de prévoir la sortie anticipée de leurs relations contractuelles.Il est alors possible de se rendre compte que la pratique, face aux lacunes de la théorie générale, a su adapter l’existant afin de prendre en compte l’évolution du contrat depuis le début du XIXème siècle. De nombreuses clauses, qui permettent à un contractant de sortir de manière anticipée du contrat, se sont ainsi développées sous des appellations diverses et sont aujourd’hui présentes dans tous les contrats. L’analyse de la jurisprudence fait apparaître que le contentieux qui en résulte, non seulement porte sur des problèmes communs, mais tend à apporter des solutions communes ; à tout le moins perçoit-on la nécessité d’un traitement unitaire. L’étude, repoussant la distinction classique entre la résolution et la résiliation, recherche l’existence d’une unité, cherche à vérifier l’existence de la clause de sortie qui instituerait une faculté de sortir de manière anticipée d’une relation conclue pour une durée déterminée. Pour cela, la clause de sortie est appréhendée comme toute autre clause « autonome ».Dans un premier temps, il faut démontrer l’existence d’un objectif commun de validité. Il est question tout d’abord de faire ressortir la fonction commune des clauses, qui est de prémunir le titulaire de la faculté de sortie contre une atteinte à son intérêt. L’unité se poursuit dans la nature de la clause : issue d’un accord des parties, elle met en place un droit potestatif. Elle prend alors les traits d’une condition résolutoire « moderne », adaptation contemporaine de la modalité de l’obligation prévue par le Code civil.Dans un second temps, une fois qu’elles sont valablement prévues, les clauses de sortie doivent encore répondre à un objectif commun d’efficacité : la sortie s’exerce par acte unilatéral et obéit alors aux règles applicables à ce dernier. Au-delà de ce régime, on peut se rendre compte qu’il existe des modalités communes à toutes les clauses de sortie. Les effets des clauses de sortie, enfin, présentent ou doivent présenter une certaine unité, que la sortie mise en œuvre soit réussie ou qu’elle soit « manquée »The general theory of the contractual obligations treats breach of contract only through the “résolution”. It does not mention either the concept of duration of the contract. The attention of the French jurists is mainly focused on the cancellation for non-fulfilment and the offending termination of the agreement without any term. Another presentation, more neutral, is however possible, studying the exit of the contract and, more particularly, the opportunity given to the contracting parties to envisage the exit of their contractual relations.Then it is possible to realize that the practice, against the gaps of the general theory, knew to adapt existing concepts in order to take into consideration the evolution of the contract since the beginning of the 19th century. Thus many clauses, which make it possible to one of the contracting parties to leave the contract, developed under various names and are today present in all the contracts. The analysis of jurisprudence reveals that the litigations which result from it, not only relate to common problems, but also tend to bring common solutions ; at the very least, one perceives the need for a unit treatment. The study, pushing back the classical distinction between the “résolution” and the “résiliation”, seeks the existence of a unit, seeks to check the existence of the exit clause which would institute a faculty to leave in a way anticipated of a relation concluded for one limited duration. For that purpose, the exit clause is approached like any other “autonomous” clause.Initially, it is necessary to show the existence of a common objective of validity. It is question first of all of emphasizing the common function of the clauses, which is to secure the holder of the faculty of exit against a loss of interest. The unit continues in the nature of the clause: resulting from an agreement of the parties, it sets up a “potestative” right. It then takes the features of a “modern” “resolutive condition”, contemporary adaptation of the condition of the obligation envisaged by the Civil code.In the second time, once they are validly provided, the clauses of exit must meet a common aim of effectiveness : the exit is exerted by unilateral act and then obeys the rules applicable in this case. Beyond this mode, one can realize that there exist common conditions to all the clauses of exit. The effects of these clauses, finally, present or must present a certain unit, whether the exit put in work is successful or that it failed
9
Haddad, Adel. "Modèles numériques à faibles nombres de Mach pour l'étude d'écoulements en convection naturelle et mixte." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10154.
Анотація:
Le modèle numérique que nous avons développé au cours de cette thèse présente deux caractéristiques principales : un modèle dilatable pour l'eau et la prise en compte de domaines ouverts. Les difficultés associées au premier aspect concernent l'adaptation de la loi d'état de l’eau au modèle dilatable sous l’approximation à faibles nombres de Mach, tandis que celles associées au second sont relatives à la mise en œuvre de conditions aux limites numériques de sortie compatibles avec l'algorithme de projection utilisé. Les résultats de simulations d'écoulement de convection mixte en canal horizontal chauffé par le bas ont été confrontés à celles utilisant l'approximation de Boussinesq et aux expériencesThe 3D numerical model which we developed in this thesis presents two main features: a Low-Mach-Number approximation for water along with an open boundary condition formulation. Indeed, the difficulties related to the former point stand in a computationally efficient adaptation of the water equation of state in the framework of Low Mach number approximation, whereas the difficulties related to the latter concern the introduction of Open Boundary Conditions in the projection algorithm used. We have computed a mixed convection flow in a horizontal channel uniformly heated from below and compared the results obtained with both the Boussinesq approximation and experimental results
10
Guerrier, Béatrice. "Relations entrees-sorties dans des systemes diffusifs : reduction du modele d'etat-identification de conditions aux limites." Paris 6, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA066218.
Анотація:
La premiere partie du travail presente traite de la reduction du modele de connaissance de systemes thermiques regis par des equations de diffusion. L'objectif poursuivi est l'approximation par un modele simplifie du comportement entrees-sorties de ces processus. Deux types de methodes de reduction issues de l'automatique sont etudiees: l'agregation lineaire, et les methodes utilisant la representation equilibree. Pour differents couples entrees-sorties, on montre que les modeles reduits optimises conduisent a une nette amelioration des resultats obtenus par la simplification a priori des equations d'etat. La deuxieme partie concerne l'identification de flux surfaciques sur l'une des frontieres d'un milieu diffusif, inacessible aux mesures. Le probleme est situe tout d'abord dans le cadre general des problemes inverses, et une methode de resolution basee sur une technique de regularisation est mise au point. Elle permet de traiter des cas de faibles rapports signal/bruit, et des cas multivariables, pour un systeme diffusif bidimensionnel
Книги з теми "Conditions de sortie":
1
Lebaube, Alain. Social, par ici la sortie! Paris: Le Monde éditions, 1993.
2
Aligisakis, Maximos. L'Europe et sortie des conflits. Genève: Institut européen de l'Université de Genève, 2005.
3
Chevillon, Myriam. Les jeunes huit mois après leur sortie du système éducatif. [Saint-Denis]: Rectorat de la Réunion, Service statistique, 1991.
4
Finnie, Ross. Recours à l'assistance sociale au Canada: Tendances nationales et provinciales en matière d'incidence, d'entrée et de sortie. Ottawa: Statistique Canada, Études analytiques, 2005.
5
Finnie, Ross. Recours à l'assistance sociale au Canada: Tendances nationales et provinciales en matière d'incidence, d'entrée et de sortie. Ottawa, Ont: Statistique Canada, 2005.
6
Cuchet, Guillaume. Faire de l'histoire religieuse dans une société sortie de la religion. Paris: Éditions de la Sorbonne-Université Paris 1 Panthéon Sorbonne, 2020.
7
Cuchet, Guillaume. Faire de l'histoire religieuse dans une société sortie de la religion. Paris: Publications de la Sorbonne, 2013.
8
Ossiala, Sylvestre. Croissance sans emplois en Afrique: Paradigm pour l'industrialisation endogène de l'Afrique et sa sortie du "tout-matières-premières". Suivi de Contribution de l'Afrique francophone à la Cop 21 pour un développement durable. Brazzaville, République du Congo: Les Éditions Hemar, 2016.
9
Teyou, Bertrand. Sortir de l'impasse. Douala, Cameroun: Éditions Nation libre, 2010.
10
Kahn, Jean-François. Comment s'en sortir. Paris]: Plon, 2013.
Частини книг з теми "Conditions de sortie":
1
El-Radhi, A. Sahib. "Systemic Physical Condition." In Paediatric Symptom and Sign Sorter, 43–57. Second edition. | Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, [2019] | Series: Pediatric diagnosis and management | Preceded by Paediatric symptom sorter / A. Sahib El-Radhi ; foreword by James Carroll. 2011.: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429455155-3.
2
Waldmann, Uwe. "Compatibility of order-sorted rewrite rules." In Conditional and Typed Rewriting Systems, 407–16. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-54317-1_109.
3
With, Lars. "Completeness and confluence of order-sorted term rewriting." In Conditional Term Rewriting Systems, 393–407. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-56393-8_30.
4
Stell, John G. "Unique-sort order-sorted theories : A description as monad morphisms." In Conditional and Typed Rewriting Systems, 389–400. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-54317-1_107.
5
Tun, Nwe Ni, and Satoshi Tojo. "Inheritance of Multiple Identity Conditions in Order-Sorted Logic." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 1187–93. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30549-1_121.
6
Bromberger, Martin, Irina Dragoste, Rasha Faqeh, Christof Fetzer, Larry González, Markus Krötzsch, Maximilian Marx, Harish K. Murali, and Christoph Weidenbach. "A Sorted Datalog Hammer for Supervisor Verification Conditions Modulo Simple Linear Arithmetic." In Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems, 480–501. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99524-9_27.
Анотація:
AbstractIn a previous paper, we have shown that clause sets belonging to the Horn Bernays-Schönfinkel fragment over simple linear real arithmetic (HBS(SLR)) can be translated into HBS clause sets over a finite set of first-order constants. The translation preserves validity and satisfiability and it is still applicable if we extend our input with positive universally or existentially quantified verification conditions (conjectures). We call this translation a Datalog hammer. The combination of its implementation in SPASS-SPL with the Datalog reasoner VLog establishes an effective way of deciding verification conditions in the Horn fragment. We verify supervisor code for two examples: a lane change assistant in a car and an electronic control unit of a supercharged combustion engine.In this paper, we improve our Datalog hammer in several ways: we generalize it to mixed real-integer arithmetic and finite first-order sorts; we extend the class of acceptable inequalities beyond variable bounds and positively grounded inequalities; and we significantly reduce the size of the hammer output by a soft typing discipline. We call the result the sorted Datalog hammer. It not only allows us to handle more complex supervisor code and to model already considered supervisor code more concisely, but it also improves our performance on real world benchmark examples. Finally, we replace the before file-based interface between SPASS-SPL and VLog by a close coupling resulting in a single executable binary.
7
Ogata, Kazuhiro, Koichi Ohhara, and Kokichi Futatsugi. "TRAM: An abstract machine for order-sorted conditional term rewriting systems." In Rewriting Techniques and Applications, 335–38. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-62950-5_84.
8
Durán, Francisco, and José Meseguer. "A Maude Coherence Checker Tool for Conditional Order-Sorted Rewrite Theories." In Rewriting Logic and Its Applications, 86–103. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16310-4_7.
9
Durán, Francisco, and José Meseguer. "A Church-Rosser Checker Tool for Conditional Order-Sorted Equational Maude Specifications." In Rewriting Logic and Its Applications, 69–85. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16310-4_6.
10
Buzgariu, Wanda, Jean-Pierre Aubry-Lachainaye, and Brigitte Galliot. "Studying Stem Cell Biology in Intact and Whole-Body Regenerating Hydra by Flow Cytometry." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 373–98. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2172-1_20.
Анотація:
AbstractThe freshwater Hydra polyp is a versatile model to study whole-body regeneration from a developmental as well as a cellular point of view. The outstanding regenerative capacities of Hydra are based on its three populations of adult stem cells located in the central body column of the animal. There, these three populations, gastrodermal epithelial, epidermal epithelial, and interstitial, continuously cycle in homeostatic conditions, and their activity is locally regulated after mid-gastric bisection. Moreover, they present an unusual cycling behavior with a short G1 phase and a pausing in G2. This particular cell cycle has been studied for a long time with classical microscopic methods. We describe here two flow cytometry methods that provide accurate and reproducible quantitative data to monitor cell cycle regulation in homeostatic and regenerative contexts. We also present a cell sorting procedure based on flow cytometry, whereby stem cells expressing a fluorescent reporter protein in transgenic lines can be enriched for use in applications such as transcriptomic, proteomic, or cell cycle analysis.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Conditions de sortie":
1
Qu, Li, Lin Shuhui Audrey, Low Pei Jun, and Ng Hui Qun. "The Impact of Social Context on Preschoolers’ Flexibility." In International Association of Cross Cultural Psychology Congress. International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4087/awvq9522.
Анотація:
The current study investigates whether social interaction without communication between partners may influence preschoolers’ flexibility. Fifty-three 5 year old Singaporean children were randomly assigned to three conditions of a block sorting task (Fawcett & Garton, 2005): playing individually, cooperating with another player, and competing against another player. To control for individual differences, before the block sorting task children were given four cognitive tasks testing vocabulary, short-term memory, and executive function, as well as two affective scales on mood and motivation. Separate one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) showed that although they performed the same on the cognitive tasks and the affective measures, children in the competition condition sorted blocks along significantly more dimensions compared to children in the individual condition. These results suggest that preschoolers’ flexibility is sensitive to social contexts.
2
Abidin, Nahdiya Zainal, and Mohd Bakri Adam. "Model selection and validation of extreme distribution by goodness-of-fit test based on conditional position." In STATISTICS AND OPERATIONAL RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE (SORIC 2013). AIP Publishing LLC, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4894346.
3
Xia Guoqing, Chen Hongzhao, and Wang Yuanhui. "Approximate mean value analysis of airport sortie generation process on condition aircrafts launch in batches." In 2010 International Conference on Computer, Mechatronics, Control and Electronic Engineering (CMCE 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cmce.2010.5610121.
4
Iordachi, Victoria. "Sustainable construction waste management - challenges and opportunities in promoting the circular economy." In International Scientific-Practical Conference "Economic growth in the conditions of globalization". National Institute for Economic Research, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36004/nier.cecg.iii.2023.17.10.
Анотація:
The sustainable management of construction waste represents a major challenge in promoting the circular economy. Construction is responsible for a significant amount of waste, and its proper management is essential to minimize environmental impact and create an efficient circular system. This article examines the challenges and opportunities associated with the sustainable management of construction waste. Challenges include the diversity and complexity of materials used in construction, as well as the need to develop adequate infrastructures for waste collection, sorting and recycling. However, there are also many opportunities in promoting the sustainable management of construction waste. The circular economy offers the opportunity to turn waste into valuable resources through recycling, reuse and reuse. To fully exploit these opportunities, collaboration between the public and private sectors is required, as well as the development of coherent policies and regulations for the management of construction waste. In conclusion, the sustainable management of construction waste represents both a challenge and an opportunity in promoting the circular economy. By adopting effective strategies and policies, implementing innovative technologies and involving all stakeholders, we can help reduce the impact of construction waste on the environment and build a more sustainable future. This paper was supported by the State Program 20.80009.0807.22 Development of the mechanism for the formation of the circular economy in the Republic of Moldova.
5
Mantoni, Aaron, and Vedang Chauhan. "Surface Defect Detection in Steel Plates Using Machine Vision." In ASME 2021 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-70791.
Анотація:
Abstract Surface defect detection and classification in small size steel plates using machine vision inspection has been researched and presented in this paper. The steel plates that are used in the automobile drive chains for power transmissions are used as the test parts. The components of chains undergo the manufacturing steps such as punching, heat treatment and polishing before the final assembly. Due to a high temperature and loading conditions, sometimes the plates get distorted. The research project was set out to detect, classify and sort non-defective and defective plates into separate bins using machine vision inspection. A database of non-defective and defective parts was generated using the vision acquisition program. The number of images in the database were increased using data augmentation techniques. Various vision inspection techniques such template matching based object classification implemented using NI Vision Builder Software and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) implemented in MATLAB have been trained and tested. The vision algorithms communicated pass or fail decision through the serial communication and controlled the sorting system using a microcontroller. Depending on the decision, the parts were sorted into accepted (non-defective parts) or rejected (defective parts) bins. The project was successful in achieving the milestones defined in the research objective. The results with the two inspection methods, Object classification and CNN based method, have been reported. A classification accuracy of 96 % was achieved using the object classification method, while the CNN based method resulted in the 100 % classification accuracy. The developed algorithms can be implemented on a high-speed smart camera and the system can be used for realtime online inspection.
6
Brodland, G. W. "Conditions for Cell Sorting, Mixing and Checkerboard Pattern Formation Determined Using Mechanics and Computer Simulations." In ASME 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2000-2522.
Анотація:
Abstract Sufficient conditions for the sorting of biological cells and necessary conditions for cell mixing and checkerboard pattern formation are derived using principles of mechanics and confirmed by computer simulations.
7
Garic, Mlađan, Vera Vukosavljevic, and Zoran Bosiočic. "AGROBIOLOŠKA SVOJSTVA SORTE SEMIJON U OPLENAČKOM VINOGORJU." In SAVETOVANJE o biotehnologiji sa međunarodnim učešćem. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/sbt26.145g.
Анотація:
The paper presents the results of the study of some agrobiological properties of the Semijon variety in the conditions of the Oplenac vineyards. The vineyard was built in 2014 and is in the phase of growing yield. The planting distance is 2.5 x1.0 m. During the examination period, favorable meteorological conditions prevailed for the growth and development of the Semion variety.The test results indicate that in the Oplenac vineyards there are favorable agroecological conditions for growing the Semijon variety and achieving the characteristic quality of grapes and wine.
8
Nandimandalam, Hariteja, Christine Costello, and Gamini P. Mendis. "A Monte-Carlo Method for Evaluating the Economic Performance of Plastics Recycling Systems Using Historical Pricing." In ASME 2023 18th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2023-104968.
Анотація:
Abstract The management of plastic waste is a considerable emerging global concern. Conventional plastics recycling rates range from 5–10% in the US, which results in considerable material being sent to landfill. New sorting technologies using artificial intelligence have the potential to dramatically increase the ability of waste management companies to sort out valuable fractions of plastic waste and create high-purity streams for secondary markets. However, several fractions of the plastics recycling stream, i.e., low-density polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene, do not have well-developed markets. These materials may be sent to pyrolysis facilities for thermal recycling, but the economics of the pyrolysis industry are currently uncertain. This work aims to identify the breakeven price of the plastic fractions that would be sent to pyrolysis in order to determine the economic viability of the sorting facility. The work will use Monte Carlo analysis to evaluate several scenarios and understand how compositional variation, price variability, and facility attributes affect the breakeven price. The presorting conditions in Materials Recovery Facilities strongly affects the profitability of the sorting facility. High residual high density polyethylene (HDPE) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) content in presorted bales are important revenue drivers for the facility, even in presorted 3-7 bales. Key variables that lead to profitability include a high sale price of polyethylene terephthalate, a high sale price of high-density polyethylene, and if polypropylene can be sold to recycling markets (as opposed to pyrolysis facilities).
9
Chen, Tongjian, Weiping Wang, and Xiaofang Wang. "Application of AI in Optimization of Machining Conditions." In ASME 1991 International Computers in Engineering Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/cie1991-0006.
Анотація:
Abstract In these days researchers have been attempting to build up a versatile optimization method which is adaptable for all the purposes but no ideal one has been appeared. The paper proposes a new consideration for practising the optimization of machining conditions in various machining processes on workshop scenes. The optimizing strategy is through an expert system of selection to determine a most effective algorithm from the current sophiticated optimizing algorithms collected in the knowledge base as subroutines, then to run the algorithem program and obtain the optimized results by means of the interactive function of expert system. The method not only has the versatile property to be used in various sorts of machining easily but also keeps the completeness of each sophiticated optimizing method developed for a special machining process without compromise.
10
O’Modhrain, M. Sile. "Restricted Access: Exploratory Procedures and Object Properties." In ASME 1999 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1999-0057.
Анотація:
Abstract In this paper, we present the results of a pilot study that examines whether restricting how people can explore objects haptically effects the object attributes they notice and the efficiency with which they can perform a simple sorting task. 25 observers were each randomly assigned to one of five exploration conditions: two hands (the control), one hand, thumb/forefinger, one finger, or probe. All observers performed a series of two-bin sorts. Stimuli were eight multi-propertied cubes which could be divided into two equal bins according to three properties: size, texture, and compliance. Preliminary results indicate that the restrictions on manual exploration we imposed affected both the exploratory procedures observers chose to use and the efficiency with which they could perform the task. Haptic interface designs inevitably restrict the exploratory procedures available to the user. This study attempts to determine the cost of these restrictions on the efficiency with which a user can explore multi-propertied objects in a virtual or telepresence environment.
Звіти організацій з теми "Conditions de sortie":
1
Cattaneo, Matias D., Richard K. Crump, and Weining Wang. Beta-Sorted Portfolios. Federal Reserve Bank of New York, July 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59576/sr.1068.
Анотація:
Beta-sorted portfolios—portfolios comprised of assets with similar covariation to selected risk factors—are a popular tool in empirical finance to analyze models of (conditional) expected returns. Despite their widespread use, little is known of their statistical properties in contrast to comparable procedures such as two-pass regressions. We formally investigate the properties of beta-sorted portfolio returns by casting the procedure as a two-step nonparametric estimator with a nonparametric first step and a beta-adaptive portfolios construction. Our framework rationalizes the well-known estimation algorithm with precise economic and statistical assumptions on the general data generating process. We provide conditions that ensure consistency and asymptotic normality along with new uniform inference procedures allowing for uncertainty quantification and general hypothesis testing for financial applications. We show that the rate of convergence of the estimator is non-uniform and depends on the beta value of interest. We also show that the widely used Fama-MacBeth variance estimator is asymptotically valid but is conservative in general and can be very conservative in empirically relevant settings. We propose a new variance estimator, which is always consistent and provide an empirical implementation which produces valid inference. In our empirical application we introduce a novel risk factor—a measure of the business credit cycle—and show that it is strongly predictive of both the cross-section and time-series behavior of U.S. stock returns.
2
Baader, Franz, and Silvio Ghilardi. Connecting many-sorted theories. Technische Universität Dresden, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.147.
Анотація:
Basically, the connection of two many-sorted theories is obtained by taking their disjoint union, and then connecting the two parts through connection functions that must behave like homomorphisms on the shared signature. We determine conditions under which decidability of the validity of universal formulae in the component theories transfers to their connection. In addition, we consider variants of the basic connection scheme.
3
Archer, Diane, and Charrlotte Adelina. Labour, waste and the circular economy in Bangkok. Stockholm Environment Institute, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2021.018.
Анотація:
Without the informal economy, there would be no waste recycling in most Asian cities. In many Asian countries, waste management systems are underdeveloped, with the informal economy dominating the processes of waste collection, sorting and recycling. In this short report, we present preliminary findings from our survey of 34 waste pickers in Bangkok. The report sheds light on their working conditions, health risks, gendered dimensions and the challenges they face in waste recycling.
4
Niebler, Rebecca. Abfallwirtschaftliche Geschäftsmodelle für Textilien in der Circular Economy. Sonderforschungsgruppe Institutionenanalyse, September 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46850/sofia.9783941627833.
Анотація:
This master thesis explores the challenges for waste management business models in the field of textiles regarding the requirements of the circular economy, as well as improvement potentials in the current framework conditions. It is concerned with the research question: "Is it advisable to change the frame-work conditions at meso or macro level, with regard to business models for waste management companies in the textile sector that are oriented towards the requirements of the circular economy, and - if so - in what way?” The approach of the study is based on the delta analysis of the e Society for Institutional Analysis at the Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences. It compares the target state of the normative requirements with the actual state of the textile and waste management framework conditions and attempts to identify the gaps (the delta). Based on the delta, it develops approaches that are intended to help reduce the gaps. The thesis develops three business models for the target year 2025 in different areas: an exchange platform for sorters, recyclers and designers, an automatic sorting plant and a plant for fibre-to-fibre recycling of mixed materials. It is becoming clear that these business models cannot meet the target requirements for the circular economy. The analysis identifies the remaining gaps in the framework conditions as the main problem. For example, insufficient innovation impulses and the lack of competitiveness of secondary raw materials inhibit the actors from applying and using new technologies and business models. Restricted access to knowledge and information, as well as a lack of transparency between the actors, also prove to be problematic. In order to answer the research question, the study recommends altering the framework conditions at meso and macro level. It proposes a platform for cooperation between designers, the introduction of a material declaration system and an eco-design guideline for textiles as possible development options. In addition, this work offers a matrix of criteria to help the actors test and improve their new waste management business models regarding their suitability for the circular economy. The analysis is carried out from an outsider's perspective on the entire textile industry. It therefore cannot cover and deal with all aspects and individual circumstances of each player in detail. The necessary changes in the framework conditions that have been identified can therefore be used as a basis for further investigations.
5
Altinok, Ahmet, and Diana E. Mac Donald. Designing the Menu of Licenses for Foster Care. Banco de México, December 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36095/banxico/di.2023.19.
Анотація:
In the United States, prospective foster parents must become licensed by a child welfare agency before a foster child can be placed in their care. This paper contributes by developing a theoretical matching model to study the optimal menu of licenses designed to screen foster parents. We construct a two-sided matching model with heterogeneous agents, adverse selection, search frictions, and a designer who coordinates match formation through a menu of contracts. We focus on incentive compatible contracts, examine optimal allocations and transfers, and analyze equilibrium sorting patterns. There are three main results: (i) optimal allocation calls for a segregation of the market, (ii) a simple transfer schedule does the job, (iii) complementarities do not ensure that Positive Assortative Matching (PAM) will arise in equilibrium, thus we provide an additional condition that guarantees it. Our results suggests that the menu of licenses used in practice, exhibits some of the properties of the optimal solution. However, the menu might not be reaching its screening objective.
6
Galili, Naftali, Roger P. Rohrbach, Itzhak Shmulevich, Yoram Fuchs, and Giora Zauberman. Non-Destructive Quality Sensing of High-Value Agricultural Commodities Through Response Analysis. United States Department of Agriculture, October 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7570549.bard.
Анотація:
The objectives of this project were to develop nondestructive methods for detection of internal properties and firmness of fruits and vegetables. One method was based on a soft piezoelectric film transducer developed in the Technion, for analysis of fruit response to low-energy excitation. The second method was a dot-matrix piezoelectric transducer of North Carolina State University, developed for contact-pressure analysis of fruit during impact. Two research teams, one in Israel and the other in North Carolina, coordinated their research effort according to the specific objectives of the project, to develop and apply the two complementary methods for quality control of agricultural commodities. In Israel: An improved firmness testing system was developed and tested with tropical fruits. The new system included an instrumented fruit-bed of three flexible piezoelectric sensors and miniature electromagnetic hammers, which served as fruit support and low-energy excitation device, respectively. Resonant frequencies were detected for determination of firmness index. Two new acoustic parameters were developed for evaluation of fruit firmness and maturity: a dumping-ratio and a centeroid of the frequency response. Experiments were performed with avocado and mango fruits. The internal damping ratio, which may indicate fruit ripeness, increased monotonically with time, while resonant frequencies and firmness indices decreased with time. Fruit samples were tested daily by destructive penetration test. A fairy high correlation was found in tropical fruits between the penetration force and the new acoustic parameters; a lower correlation was found between this parameter and the conventional firmness index. Improved table-top firmness testing units, Firmalon, with data-logging system and on-line data analysis capacity have been built. The new device was used for the full-scale experiments in the next two years, ahead of the original program and BARD timetable. Close cooperation was initiated with local industry for development of both off-line and on-line sorting and quality control of more agricultural commodities. Firmalon units were produced and operated in major packaging houses in Israel, Belgium and Washington State, on mango and avocado, apples, pears, tomatoes, melons and some other fruits, to gain field experience with the new method. The accumulated experimental data from all these activities is still analyzed, to improve firmness sorting criteria and shelf-life predicting curves for the different fruits. The test program in commercial CA storage facilities in Washington State included seven apple varieties: Fuji, Braeburn, Gala, Granny Smith, Jonagold, Red Delicious, Golden Delicious, and D'Anjou pear variety. FI master-curves could be developed for the Braeburn, Gala, Granny Smith and Jonagold apples. These fruits showed a steady ripening process during the test period. Yet, more work should be conducted to reduce scattering of the data and to determine the confidence limits of the method. Nearly constant FI in Red Delicious and the fluctuations of FI in the Fuji apples should be re-examined. Three sets of experiment were performed with Flandria tomatoes. Despite the complex structure of the tomatoes, the acoustic method could be used for firmness evaluation and to follow the ripening evolution with time. Close agreement was achieved between the auction expert evaluation and that of the nondestructive acoustic test, where firmness index of 4.0 and more indicated grade-A tomatoes. More work is performed to refine the sorting algorithm and to develop a general ripening scale for automatic grading of tomatoes for the fresh fruit market. Galia melons were tested in Israel, in simulated export conditions. It was concluded that the Firmalon is capable of detecting the ripening of melons nondestructively, and sorted out the defective fruits from the export shipment. The cooperation with local industry resulted in development of automatic on-line prototype of the acoustic sensor, that may be incorporated with the export quality control system for melons. More interesting is the development of the remote firmness sensing method for sealed CA cool-rooms, where most of the full-year fruit yield in stored for off-season consumption. Hundreds of ripening monitor systems have been installed in major fruit storage facilities, and being evaluated now by the consumers. If successful, the new method may cause a major change in long-term fruit storage technology. More uses of the acoustic test method have been considered, for monitoring fruit maturity and harvest time, testing fruit samples or each individual fruit when entering the storage facilities, packaging house and auction, and in the supermarket. This approach may result in a full line of equipment for nondestructive quality control of fruits and vegetables, from the orchard or the greenhouse, through the entire sorting, grading and storage process, up to the consumer table. The developed technology offers a tool to determine the maturity of the fruits nondestructively by monitoring their acoustic response to mechanical impulse on the tree. A special device was built and preliminary tested in mango fruit. More development is needed to develop a portable, hand operated sensing method for this purpose. In North Carolina: Analysis method based on an Auto-Regressive (AR) model was developed for detecting the first resonance of fruit from their response to mechanical impulse. The algorithm included a routine that detects the first resonant frequency from as many sensors as possible. Experiments on Red Delicious apples were performed and their firmness was determined. The AR method allowed the detection of the first resonance. The method could be fast enough to be utilized in a real time sorting machine. Yet, further study is needed to look for improvement of the search algorithm of the methods. An impact contact-pressure measurement system and Neural Network (NN) identification method were developed to investigate the relationships between surface pressure distributions on selected fruits and their respective internal textural qualities. A piezoelectric dot-matrix pressure transducer was developed for the purpose of acquiring time-sampled pressure profiles during impact. The acquired data was transferred into a personal computer and accurate visualization of animated data were presented. Preliminary test with 10 apples has been performed. Measurement were made by the contact-pressure transducer in two different positions. Complementary measurements were made on the same apples by using the Firmalon and Magness Taylor (MT) testers. Three-layer neural network was designed. 2/3 of the contact-pressure data were used as training input data and corresponding MT data as training target data. The remaining data were used as NN checking data. Six samples randomly chosen from the ten measured samples and their corresponding Firmalon values were used as the NN training and target data, respectively. The remaining four samples' data were input to the NN. The NN results consistent with the Firmness Tester values. So, if more training data would be obtained, the output should be more accurate. In addition, the Firmness Tester values do not consistent with MT firmness tester values. The NN method developed in this study appears to be a useful tool to emulate the MT Firmness test results without destroying the apple samples. To get more accurate estimation of MT firmness a much larger training data set is required. When the larger sensitive area of the pressure sensor being developed in this project becomes available, the entire contact 'shape' will provide additional information and the neural network results would be more accurate. It has been shown that the impact information can be utilized in the determination of internal quality factors of fruit. Until now,
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Fatehifar, Mohsen, Josef Schlittenlacher, David Wong, and Kevin Munro. Applications Of Automatic Speech Recognition And Text-To-Speech Models To Detect Hearing Loss: A Scoping Review Protocol. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.1.0029.
Анотація:
Review question / Objective: This scoping review aims to identify published methods that have used automatic speech recognition or text-to-speech recognition technologies to detect hearing loss and report on their accuracy and limitations. Condition being studied: Hearing enables us to communicate with the surrounding world. According to reports by the World Health Organization, 1.5 billion suffer from some degree of hearing loss of which 430 million require medical attention. It is estimated that by 2050, 1 in every 4 people will experience some sort of hearing disability. Hearing loss can significantly impact people’s ability to communicate and makes social interactions a challenge. In addition, it can result in anxiety, isolation, depression, hindrance of learning, and a decrease in general quality of life. A hearing assessment is usually done in hospitals and clinics with special equipment and trained staff. However, these services are not always available in less developed countries. Even in developed countries, like the UK, access to these facilities can be a challenge in rural areas. Moreover, during a crisis like the Covid-19 pandemic, accessing the required healthcare can become dangerous and challenging even in large cities.
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Iatsyshyn, Anna V., Iryna H. Hubeladze, Valeriia O. Kovach, Valentyna V. Kovalenko, Volodymyr O. Artemchuk, Maryna S. Dvornyk, Oleksandr O. Popov, Andrii V. Iatsyshyn, and Arnold E. Kiv. Applying digital technologies for work management of young scientists' councils. [б. в.], June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4434.
Анотація:
The publication explores the features of the digital technologies’ usage to organize the work of the Young Scientists’ Councils and describes the best practices. The digital transformation of society and the quarantine restrictions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic have forced the use of various digital technologies for scientific communication, the organization of work for youth associations, and the training of students and Ph.D. students. An important role in increasing the prestige of scientific activity and encouraging talented young people to participate in scientific projects belongs to the Young Scientists’ Councils, which are created at scientific institutions and higher education institutions. It is determined that the peculiarities of the work of Young Scientists’ Councils are in providing conditions for further staff development of the institution in which they operate; contribution to the social, psychological and material support of young scientists and Ph.D. students; creating an environment for teamwork and collaborative partnership; development of leadership and organizational qualities; contribution to the development of digital competence. The advantages of using electronic social networks in higher education and research institutions are analyzed, namely: general popularity and free of charge; prompt exchange of messages and multimedia data; user-friendly interface; availability of event planning functions, sending invitations, setting reminders; support of synchronous and asynchronous communication between network participants; possibility of access from various devices; a powerful tool for organizing the learning process; possibility of organization and work of closed and open groups; advertising of various events, etc. Peculiarities of managing the activity of the Young Scientists’ Council with the use of digital technologies are determined. The Young Scientists’ Council is a social system, and therefore the management of this system refers to social management. The effectiveness of the digital technologies’ usage to manage the activities of the Young Scientists’ Council depends on the intensity and need for their use to implement organizational, presentation functions and to ensure constant communication. The areas to apply digital technologies for the work managing of Young Scientists’ Councils are sorted as the presentation of activity; distribution of various information for young scientists; conducting questionnaires, surveys; organization and holding of scientific mass events; managing of thematic workgroups, holding of work meetings. It is generalized and described the experience of electronic social networks usage for organizing and conducting of scientific mass events.
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Hillestad, Torgeir Martin. The Metapsychology of Evil: Main Theoretical Perspectives Causes, Consequences and Critique. University of Stavanger, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/usps.224.
Анотація:
The purpose of this text or dissertation is to throw some basic light on a fundamental problem concerning manhood, namely the question of evil, its main sources, dynamics and importance for human attitudes and behaviour. The perspective behind the analysis itself is that of psychology. Somebody, or many, may feel at bit nervous by the word “evil” itself. It may very well be seen as too connected to religion, myth and even superstition. Yet those who are motivated to lose oneself in the subject retain a deep interest in human destructiveness, malevolence and hate, significant themes pointing at threatening prospects for mankind. The text is organized or divided into four main ordinary chapters, the three first of them organized or divided into continuous and numbered sections. A crucial point or question is of cause how to define evil itself. It can of cause be done both intentional, instrumental and by consequence. Other theorists however have stated that the concept of evil exclusively rests on a myth originated in the Judean-Christian conception of Satan and ultimate evil. This last argument presupposes evil itself as non-existent in the real rational world. It seems however a fact that most people attach certain basic meaning to the concept, mainly that it represents ultimately bad and terrible actions and behaviour directed toward common people for the purpose of bringing upon them ultimate pain and suffer. However, there is no room for essentialism here, meaning that we simply can look “inside” some original matter to get to know what it “really” is. Rather, a phenomenon gets its identity from the constituted meaning operating within a certain human communities and contexts loaded with intentionality and inter-subjective meaning. As mentioned above, the concept of evil can be interpreted both instrumental and intentional, the first being the broadest of them. Here evil stands for behaviour and human deeds having terrifying or fatal consequences for subjects and people or in general, regardless of the intentions behind. The intentional interpretation however, links the concept to certain predispositions, characteristics and even strong motives in subjects, groups and sometimes political systems and nations. I will keep in mind and clear the way for both these perspectives for the discussion in prospect. This essay represents a psychological perspective on evil, but makes it clear that a more or less complete account of such a psychological view also should include a thorough understanding or integration of some basic social and even biological assumptions. However, I consider a social psychological position of significant importance, especially because in my opinion it represents some sort of coordination of knowledge and theoretical perspectives inherent in the subject or problem itself, the main task here being to integrate perspectives of a psychological as well as social and biological kind. Since humans are essential social creatures, the way itself to present knowledge concerning the human condition, must be social of some sort and kind, however not referring to some kind of reductionism where social models of explanation possess or holds monopoly. Social and social psychological perspectives itself represents parts of the whole matter regarding understanding and explanation of human evil. The fact that humans present, or has to represent themselves as humans among other humans, means that basically a social language is required both to explain and describe human manners and ways of being. This then truly represents its own way or, more correctly, level or standard of explanation, which makes social psychology some sort of significant, though not sufficient. More substantial, the vision itself of integrating different ontological and theoretical levels and objects of science for the purpose of manifesting or make real a full-fledged psychological perspective on evil, should be considered or characterized a meta-psychological perspective. The text is partially constructed as a review of existing theories and theorists concerning the matter of evil and logically associated themes such as violence, mass murder, genocide, antisocial behaviour in general, aggression, hate and cruelty. However, the demands of making a theoretical distinction between these themes, although connected, is stressed. Above all, an integral perspective combining different scientific disciplines is aimed at.