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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Concrete construction Standards Australia"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 29 січня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Concrete construction Standards Australia"

Rossi, Laura, Luiz Miranda de Lima, Yubo Sun, Frank Dehn, John Provis, Guang Ye, and Geert De Schutter. "Future perspectives for alkali-activated materials: from existing standards to structural applications." RILEM Technical Letters 7 (January 12, 2023): 159–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.21809/rilemtechlett.2022.160.

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The production of cement and concrete contributes significantly to global greenhouse gas emissions. Alkali-activated concretes (AACs) are a family of existing alternative construction materials that could reduce the current environmental impact of Portland cement (PC) production and utilisation. Successful applications of AACs can be found in Europe and the former USSR since the 1950s and more recently in Australia, China and North America, proving their potential as construction materials. However, their utilisation is limited presently by the lack of normative and construction guidelines. Raw materials’ non-uniform global availability and variable intrinsic properties, coupled with the lack of specific testing methods, raise questions regarding reproducibility and reliability. The mechanical and chemical behaviour of AACs has been investigated extensively over the past decades, strengthening its potential as a sustainable substitute for traditional PC-based concrete. Although a wide amount of studies demonstrated that AACs could meet and even exceed the performance requirements provided by European design standards, a classification of these broad spectra of materials, as well as new analytical models linking the chemistry of the system components to the mechanical behaviour of the material, still need further development. This report gives an overview of the potential of alkali-activated systems technology, focusing on the limitations and challenges still hindering their standardisation and wider application in the construction field.

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Elbasha, Nuri Mohamed. "LIGHTER HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE BEAM." Scientific Journal of Applied Sciences of Sabratha University 2, no. 2 (September 27, 2019): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.47891/sabujas.v2i2.17-26.

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High strength concrete (HSC) has been used extensively in civil construction projects worldwide because it reduces the cross section and the weight of long construction members. In recent years a marked increase in the use of High Strength Concrete (HSC) has been evident in Australian building construction despite the fact that the current Australian design standard provides no design rules for such a material. Very limited information on the properties of HSC and its design and construction processes are available in Australia, although in recent times many studies have been undertaken to produce material and, more importantly, to determine its characteristic. In the last 20 years there has been extensive research to economically utilize new components to improve the quality of HSC. HSC produces smaller but stronger structural elements with large spaces available. It has been studied that the cost of using HSC instead of Normal Strength Concerete (NSC) in different types of constructions. This proved that structures constructed with HSC are lighter and economical compared with those constructed with NSC. In the long term durability significantly affects project costs. In other words after several years a concrete structure needs rehabilitation or in critical cases must be demolished, therefore the price of a project consists of initial costs plus those covering any rehabilitation. A huge amount of money could be saved by utilizing the durability characteristics of high strength concrete. This study presents recent information and the benefits of high strength concrete. Also, provides in brief an experimental proof that installing a helix with a suitable pitch and diameter in the compression zone of beams significantly enhances their strength and ductility. Therefore, designers could confidently use high-strength concrete and helical confinement to design long and light reinforced concrete beams.

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Gunasekara, Chamila, Charitha Seneviratne, David W. Law, and Sujeeva Setunge. "Feasibility of Developing Sustainable Concrete Using Environmentally Friendly Coarse Aggregate." Applied Sciences 10, no. 15 (July 28, 2020): 5207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10155207.

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Quarry aggregate reserves are depleting rapidly within Australia and the rest of the world due to an increasing demand for aggregates driven by expansion in construction. The annual production of premix concrete in Australia is approximately 30 million cubic meters, while 3–5% of concrete delivered to site remains unused and is disposed of in landfill or crushing plants. The production of coarse aggregates using this waste concrete is potentially a sustainable approach to reduce environmental and economic impact. A testing program has been conducted to investigate mechanical performance and permeation characteristics of concrete produced using a novel manufactured coarse aggregate recycled directly from fresh premix concrete. The recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) concrete satisfied the specified 28-day design strength of 25 MPa and 40 MPa at 28 days and a mean compressive strength of 60 MPa at 90 days. Aggregate grading was observed to determine strength development, while low water absorption, low drying shrinkage, and higher packing density indicate that the RCA concrete is a high-quality material with a dense pore structure. The rough fracture surface of the aggregate increased the bond between C-S-H gel matrix and RCA at the interfacial transition zone. Furthermore, a good correlation was observed between compressive strength and all other mechanical properties displayed by the quarried aggregate concrete. The application of design equations as stated in Australian standards were observed to provide a conservative design for RCA concrete structures based on the mechanical properties.

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Shamsaei, Ezzatollah, Owen Bolt, Felipe Basquiroto de Souza, Emad Benhelal, Kwesi Sagoe-Crentsil, and Jay Sanjayan. "Pathways to Commercialisation for Brown Coal Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete in Australia." Sustainability 13, no. 8 (April 14, 2021): 4350. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13084350.

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Utilising geopolymer as a construction material has gained institutional and commercial interest over the past decade, due to its favourable emissions profile as an alternative to carbon-intensive Ordinary Portland Cement-based concrete, which currently accounts for around 7% of global carbon emissions. While significant research has been performed into the material properties of geopolymer, the commercialisation of the technology is still in its infancy, and several key barriers require rectification to facilitate more widespread adoption. This article analyses the current state of geopolymer commercialisation, paying particular attention to its commercial application in Australia, and it suggests key research areas, in particular relating to the utilisation of abundant and cheap low-quality fly ash sources such as brown coal-based fly ash, to promote its adoption and build on the momentum gained from the small scale in situ pours of geopolymer concrete. Our analysis indicated that in addition to the barriers relating to material properties, economic, social, and regulatory issues also require further inquiry. Our review also indicated that it is critical to update and improve economic analysis of geopolymer utilisation to forecast future costs of both geopolymer and concrete mixes, which are especially critical in determining any potential financial incentives for the construction industry. Moreover, it is essential to study the social attitudes affecting future geopolymer consumption and to update the regulatory standards governing geopolymer utilisation in Australia, such as the initial steps undertaken by the Low Carbon Living Cooperative Research Centre. Based on this review, it is suggested that solving these key issues would help proliferate geopolymer technology and further aid efforts to create a more environmentally sustainable construction industry.

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Azman, Mohamed Nor Azhari, Mohd Sanusi S. Ahamad, Taksiah A.Majid, and Mohd Hanizun Hanafi. "Status of Industrialized Building System Manufacturing Plant in Malaysia." Journal of Civil Engineering, Science and Technology 2, no. 2 (December 1, 2011): 8–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.33736/jcest.89.2011.

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The trend construction industry have move from project based to product based in term of long term investment. Industrialized building system (IBS) in Malaysia is defined as a construction system where components are manufactured at factories on or off site, transported and then assembled into a structure with minimum work. IBS also is known as off-site construction or prefabrication. Thus, IBS have the similarity drive and challenge with the United States (US), United Kingdom (UK) and Australia; and among the factors are skilled craft worker, fast track completion, cost and transportation. United States, United Kingdom and Australia have achieved modular building standard while Malaysia still in the hybridization stage. The Malaysian government and researcher have promoted the modern method construction industry to break the ‘traditional technology’. Anecdotally, the total number of IBS manufacturing plant has increased from 21 in 2002 to 143 factories in 2010. From the evolution of the IBS manufacturing component, the most favorable system used in the IBS component is the precast concrete system and followed by the steel framing system.

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John, Keerthana, Mahmud Ashraf, Matthias Weiss, and Riyadh Al-Ameri. "Experimental Investigation of Novel Corrugated Steel Deck under Construction Load for Composite Slim-Flooring." Buildings 10, no. 11 (November 18, 2020): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings10110208.

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Trapezoidal-shaped thin-walled metallic profiled sheets are used in composite floor construction to enable rapid construction and reduce reinforcement and formwork requirements in concrete casting. However, relevant literature reported the early failure of steel sections due to the buckling and shear of existing trapezoidal and re-entrant decking profiles. There are also limitations regarding design rules for composite flooring systems. Current work aims to develop a new type of composite top-hat section for possible use in composite slim-floor construction. Sinusoidal metallic corrugated sheets that are widely used in building construction were utilized and a new bending technique was used to produce deck components, in which transverse corrugations were introduced along the main direction of the corrugated profile. This paper investigates the structural response of these new sections for several loading and support conditions using a pilot experimental scheme. The developed top-hat sections demonstrated considerable resistance to bending as well as buckling through effective stress re-distributions under considered construction stage loading for single span and continuous span conditions. Currently available design equations recommended by Australian Standards for a similar type of corrugated decks were used to predict the design strength and to compare it with those obtained experimentally. It was concluded that the expressions proposed by the code were inadequate for single span loading cases and would require modifications before being applied to the new profile.

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Fatahi, Behzad, and S. Hamid Reza Tabatabaiefar. "Effects of Soil Plasticity on Seismic Performance of Mid-Rise Building Frames Resting on Soft Soils." Advances in Structural Engineering 17, no. 10 (November 2014): 1387–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/1369-4332.17.10.1387.

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In this study, the effects of Plasticity Index (PI) variation on the seismic response of mid-rise building frames resting on soft soil deposits are investigated. To achieve this goal, three structural models including 5, 10, and 15 storey buildings are simulated in conjunction with a clayey soil representing soil class Ee according to the classification of AS1170.4–2007 (Earthquake actions in Australia) and then varying the Plasticity Index. Structural sections of the selected frames were designed according to AS3600–2009 (Australian Standard for Concrete Structures) after undertaking dynamic analysis under the influence of four different earthquake ground motions. The frame sections are modelled and analysed, employing finite difference method adopting FLAC 2D software under two different boundary conditions: (i) fixed base (no Soil-Structure Interaction), and (ii) flexible base considering soil-structure interaction. Fully nonlinear dynamic analyses under the influence of different earthquake records are conducted and the results in terms of maximum lateral displacements and inter-storey drifts for the above mentioned boundary conditions are obtained, compared, and discussed. Base on the results of the numerical investigations, it becomes apparent that as the Plasticity Index of the subsoil increases, the base shears of mid-rise building frames resting on soft soil deposits increase, while the lateral deflections and corresponding inter-storey drifts decrease. It is concluded that reduction of the Plasticity Index could noticeably amplify the effects of soil-structure interaction on the seismic response of mid-rise building frames.

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Wong, Koon Wan, and Vanissorn Vimonsatit. "Determination of Shear Capacity for Load Rating of Concrete Bridges to AS 5100.7-2017." Infrastructures 7, no. 11 (November 17, 2022): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures7110156.

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According to Modified Compression Field Theory (MCFT), the ultimate shear capacity of a reinforced concrete section depends on load effects (shear, moment, torsion, and axial force) caused by factored design loads. In many design standards, including Australian AS 5100.7, MCFT has been incorporated for bridge assessment, which requires a load rating to be carried out according to the loading of the nominated rating vehicle as prescribed in the standard. Recently, some approaches have been proposed for bridge load rating that have suggested using an iterative-search procedure to determine the shear capacity by proportionally increasing the load effects until the shear capacity and shear are equal. This paper describes several adverse effects of using the proportional load, which is not consistent with the characteristic of the vehicle loading, to determine the shear capacity for load rating. Numerical examples of two bridge beams, one simply supported and the other continuous, are presented to demonstrate that the characteristic of the load effects caused by a moving vehicle is not representable by proportional load effects. Furthermore, the current practice in the bridge load rating does not load rate the longitudinal steel capacity in resisting the axial force induced by the load effects of the rating vehicle. This paper presents a new approach to the load rating that separately accounts for the load effect for axial failure mode of the longitudinal steel. Finally, it is pointed out that locating the critical section where the rating factor is minimum is tedious but can be automated by integrating load rating into the analysis of load effects.

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Gaurkar, Prachi P., and Amey Khedikar. "Comparison of Various Codes of Fire on Structural Design." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 6 (June 30, 2022): 490–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.43781.

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Abstract: Fire situation is the significant issue in India and that of different designs is severely impacted by them. A portion of the design might fall after the fire in view of temperature impact. In this research, the primary spotlight on the beam and column of the structure. The standard fire curve is presented in IS code for a substantial steel support however for concrete neither fire curve is created nor any issue proclamation is given with the goal that various codes are utilized for the issue explanation. In this venture IS code, Euro Code, National Building codes of Canada and National code of Construction series of Australia are utilized. In reference of this codes the model to be framed in SAP programming with various information. The temperature for investigation is taken same for the whole model. The failed structures are over and over examined and make the model safe. Then the segment cross-segment and shaft cross-segment are taken and post process for the warm examination in SAFIR Software. This product is an issue sort of GID Software. In this the model are broke down by warm impact and post process in DIAMOND Software for the outcome. The similar examination of the Single bay frame model and 3-bay frame model for various codes is shown with assistance of chart. The correlation is in the middle of between standard fire curve and various codes. Keywords: Fire, SAFIR, DIAMOND, SAP-2000, Various Codes.

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Hedulian, S. I., O. A. Gara, and S. V. Savchenko. "COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF EXPANSION AGENTS IN REPAIR SOLUTIONS OF DRY BUILDING MIXTURES FOR IMPROVING HARDENING CONDITIONS." Modern construction and architecture, no. 1 (September 29, 2022): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.31650/2786-6696-2022-1-55-62.

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The article examines the possibility of increasing the compatibility of repair solutions based on dry mixes with damaged concrete and reinforced concrete structures by improving the curing conditions of such materials through comparative analysis of adhesive strength and linear shrinkage of cement samples using different types of superabsorbents, namely SAP Newsorb based on sodium polyacrylates from the Japanese manufacturer Newstone, Chinese MNC-SAP based on potassium polyacrylates from MUHU Construction Materials and AquaGel based on cross-linked copolymer of acrylamide and potassium acrylate from the Australian Baroid. The data obtained during experimental studies show that the use of investigated SAP superabsorbents additives due to the improvement of hydration conditions in the cement matrix of the repair material can partially compensate the growth of shrinkage deformations, which, in turn, slightly improves the indicators of the adhesive strength of the bond with the surface of the damaged structure. A positive effect of the use of the specified polymer admixtures on the investigated cement solutions was established. Compared to the base sample, on average, for each of the studied days of hardening, the shrinkage rate of all samples containing SAP was reduced by 35%, which justifies their use in order to facilitate the creation and further high-quality functioning of the repair system. The addition of the studied SAPs allows to improve the adhesion index by 1.5-2.3 times compared to the basic one, which should ensure the maximum ability of the repaired system to perceive the workload. The optimal contents of SAP additives in the composition of the studied cement mortars to reduce shrinkage and increase the adhesive strength were determined. The compositions of non-structural repair cement mortars of class RM3 and R1-R2 in terms of adhesive strength and classes RM1-RM2 in terms of shrinkage deformation in accordance with Ukrainian and European standards were obtained.

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Concrete construction Standards Australia"

Gravina, Rebecca Jane. "Non-linear overload behaviour and ductility of reinforced concrete flexural members containing 500MPa grade steel reinforcement." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2002. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phg777.pdf.

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Includes corrigenda (inserted at front) and list of publications published as a result of this research. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 192-199) Investigates the overload behaviour and modes of collapse of reinforced concrete flexural members containing 500MPa grade reinforcing steel and evaluates the adequacy of current ductility requirements for design according to AS 3600 to ensure strength and safety.

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Kenyon, Jonn Mark. "Non-linear analysis of reinforced concrete plane frames /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1993. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phk368.pdf.

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Samman, Tamim Abdulhadi. "Indeterminate reinforced concrete frames subjected to inelastic cyclic deformation." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184307.

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Four full-size statically indeterminate reinforced concrete frames with two symmetrical bays were tested to obtain sufficient data to evaluate the adequacy of the current ACI-ASCE Committee 352 design recommendations, as well as to determine whether a relaxation of some of the limits in these guidelines can be justified. Each specimen contained three 8.5-foot-long columns, connected at mid-height by two 9-foot-long beams. Initially, a constant axial load was applied to each column. The specimens were then subjected to a displacement-controlled loading schedule to simulate the type of displacements a frame may experience during a severe earthquake. In designing the specimens, the latest recommendations of the ACI-ASCE Committee 352 and the ACI building code ACI 318-83 were satisfied except for the following modifications: (1) the flexural strength ratio (M(R)) in the second specimen was reduced from 1.4 to 1.2, (2) the shear-stress factors (γ) in the joints of the third specimen were increased from 12 and 15 to 15 and 20 for the exterior and interior joints respectively, and (3) the number of the transverse reinforcements inside the right exterior joint in the fourth specimen was reduced from 4 to 2 sets of hoops. The conclusion inferred from the results indicate that for drift levels within the elastic range, the elongations and the rotations of the beam regions near the faces of the columns, in addition to the joint shear strains, were not affected by the design values for the primary variables in the last three specimens. For larger excursions into the inelastic range, the relaxation of the current Committee 352 design recommendations in the last three specimens not only showed a significant effect in reducing the elongations and the rotations of the beams, or in increasing the joint shear strains but led to lower energy dissipation of the specimens. Consequently, the current design guidelines by the ACI-ASCE Committee 352 yield statically indeterminate frames which exhibit sufficient ductility.

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McLeod, Christina Helen. "Investigation into cracking in reinforced concrete water-retaining structures." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80207.

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Thesis (MScEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.
Durability and impermeability in a water-retaining structure are of prime importance if the structure is to fulfill its function over its design life. In addition, serviceability cracking tends to govern the design of water retaining structures. This research concentrates on load-induced cracking specifically that due to pure bending and to direct tension in South African reinforced concrete water retaining structures (WRS). As a South African design code for WRS does not exist at present, South African designers tend to use the British codes in the design of reinforced concrete water-retaining structures. However, with the release of the Eurocodes, the British codes have been withdrawn, creating the need for a South African code of practice for water-retaining structures. In updating the South African structural design codes, there is a move towards adopting the Eurocodes so that the South African design codes are compatible with their Eurocode counterparts. The Eurocode crack model to EN1992 (2004) was examined and compared to the corresponding British standard, BS8007 (1989). A reliability study was undertaken as the performance of the EN1992 crack model applied to South African conditions is not known. The issues of the influence of the crack width limit and model uncertainty were identified as being of importance in the reliability crack model.

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Wallace, Gabrielle, and not supplied. "Microeconomic reform of the building and development process: the development and outcomes of building regulation reform in Australia 1990-2003." RMIT University. Social Science and Planning, 2006. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20070205.123414.

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As a component of the regulatory structure controlling building construction and land development in Australia, the system of building regulation was reformed during a period of significant restructuring of the Australian economy. The microeconomic reforms aimed to find efficiencies in government and industry sectors, and with respect to the latter, facilitate the development of competitive trade structures across national and global markets. The research provides a critical narrative account of the development and outcomes of the microeconomic reform of building regulation between 1990 and 2003. The microeconomic reform process is examined in the context of the vastly differing approaches of two Australian states, Victoria and New South Wales, with respect to the national reform agenda which was initiated and led by the Commonwealth government in response to the increasing globalization of the national economy. An understanding of what happened and why and how t he states differed with respect to the national reform agenda enabled the outcomes of the reforms to be examined for their impact upon government, industry and the community. The regulation of building construction is a constitutional responsibility of the state governments and has traditionally been controlled by local government. However, control is increasingly being centralized at the national level, in response to international pressures to adopt performance-based regulations, standards and governance systems that accord to neoliberal ideology. This has resulted in a reduction of state and local government involvement in certain building control functions with a commensurate increased role for the private sector; an increase in the complexity and quantity of regulatory instruments; a reduction in government accountability for the standard of building construction; the development of structures to facilitate competitive intranational and international trade in construction-related goods and services and a reduction in the quality and standard of buildings. The principal benefits of the reforms have accrued to industry and to government and the least benefits have accrued to the community/consumer.

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Batmunkh, Narantuya. "Engineering characteristics of construction waste for Western Australian road and highway materials." Thesis, Curtin University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1839.

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This study examines the use of concrete waste by-products as a new source of road construction material in Western Australia (WA). The amount of construction waste in Western Australia increases annually, whilst natural rock aggregate is in shortage.This research focuses on whether recycled concrete, derived from various sources such as by-products from the processes of manufacturing ready-mixed concrete and waste from construction and demolition (C&D), is a viable option for use as a base and sub-base course material in road building in WA.A series of laboratory tests were conducted to determine the physical, engineering and performance properties of selected research materials to evaluate their respective potential utilisation. The results demonstrate that the concrete waste materials selected from the companies: Holcim Ltd, All Earth, Capital Demolition and C&D Recycling are suitable for use as base and sub-base layers of flexible pavement in Western Australia.

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Eriksson, Malin. "Life Cycle Assessment of Civil Engineering Works : And Application of European Standards on the Mälar Project." Thesis, KTH, Materialvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-254779.

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In this thesis, a framework is constructed for a life cycle assessment within a civilengineering project. There are various methods available on how to conduct lifecycle assessments and this thesis explores one method related to civil engineeringworks. The assessment follows the structure based in related standards such asEN 15804 which describes how to declare construction products. A working copyof a possible upcoming European level standard for sustainability assessment ofcivil engineering works is also used in the process. The object of assessment arethe materials, concrete and steel, in the retaining walls that are constructed alongthe channel near Södertälje Harbour. This is a part of a larger project, called theMälar Project.The life cycle of these type of constructions often stretches over long periodsof time which leaves a lot of uncertainties while estimating the impacts during thelater life stages. The research problem is much about how to handle the differentmodules of the life cycle regarding civil engineering works.Example data were collected and presented for each module of the life stage.The results of the example data showed that most of the impact came from theproduct stage. The conclusions are that the collection of data should be an integratedpart in the operating procedures for the company for a more efficientprocess, Environmental Product Declarations are a good source of data and standardson European level gives good guidelines on how to conduct a life cycleassessment for civil engineering projects.
I detta examensarbete konstrueras ett ramverk för hur en livscykelanalys kan utförasinom väg- och vattenbyggnad. Det finns många olika riktlinjer för hur enlivscykelanalys kan utföras och i detta examensarbete utforskas en metod för projektinom väg- och vattenbyggnad. Arbetet följer strukturen ur EN 15804 sombeskriver hur man bedömer byggprodukter. Ett arbetsexemplar av en ny, möjligstandard på Europanivå för miljöbedömning av projekt inom väg- och vatten användsockså i processen. Det som bedöms via livscykelanalys i denna studie är deingående materialen, stål och betong, i hållväggarna som byggs längs med kanalenvid Södertälje Hamn. Detta är en del av ett större projekt, kallat Mälarprojektet.Livscyklerna för denna typ av projekt är oftast väldigt långa vilket skapar enosäkerhet i data då påverkan för senare delar av livscykeln behöver uppskattas.Problematiken som presenteras handlar mycket om hur modulerna för livscykelnska behandlas för denna typ av projekt.Exempeldata samlades in för de olika modulerna och presenterades i tabellersom täcker alla relevanta delar av livscykeln. Resultatet av exempeldatan visadeatt den mesta påverkan kom från produktstadiet. De slutsatser som dras är attinsamlingen av data bör vara en integrerad del av företagets arbetsmetod fören effektiv process, miljödeklarationer är en bra källa till data och standards påEuropanivå ger bra guidelinjer för hur en livscykelanalys kan utföras för liknandeprojekt.

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Menchel, Kfir. "Progressive collapse: comparison of main standards, formulation and validation of new computational procedures." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210452.

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Throughout recent history, famous records of building failures may be found, unfortunately accompanied by great human loss and major economic consequences. One of the mechanisms of failure is referred to as ‘progressive collapse’: one or several structural members suddenly fail, whatever the cause (accident or attack). The building then collapses progressively, every load redistribution causing the failure of other structural elements, until the complete failure of the building or of a major part of it. The civil engineering community’s attention to this type of event was first drawn by the progressive collapse of the building called Ronan Point, following a gas explosion in one of the last floors. Different simplified procedures for simulating the effects of progressive collapse can now be found in the literature, some of them described in detail. However, no extensive study can be found, in which these procedures are compared to more complete approaches for progressive collapse simulation, aiming at the comparison of the assumptions underlying them. To further contribute to the elaboration of design codes for progressive collapse, such a study would therefore be of great interest for practitioners.

All parties involved with the subject of progressive collapse are currently attempting to bridge the gap between the work done on the research front on the one hand, what can be considered as a fitting numerical model for regular industrial use on the other, and finally, the normalisation committees. The present research work aims at providing insight as to how the gaps between these poles may be reduced. The approach consists in studying the various hypotheses one by one, and gradually adding complexities to the numerical model, if they prove to be warranted by the need for sufficient accuracy. One of the contributions of the present work stems from this approach, in that it provides insight regarding the validity of the various simplifying assumptions. It also leads to the development of procedures which are kept as simple as possible, in an attempt to design them as best as possible for regular industrial use.

The objective of simplifying assumptions validation is pursued in Chapter 2. This chapter consists of the text of a paper entitled “Comparison and study of different progressive collapse simulation techniques for RC structures”, in which the main simplifying assumptions of the progressive collapse guidelines are detailed and assessed. The DoD [1] and GSA [2] static linear and non-linear procedures are investigated, and compared to more complete approaches in order to assess their validity.

In the next two chapters, two new procedures for design against progressive collapse are developed. They are based on quasi-static computations, their main objective being to account accurately for dynamic inertial effects. The first of these chapters consists in the text of a paper entitled “A new pushover analysis procedure for structural progressive collapse based on a kinetic energy criterion”, in which energetic considerations allow for the development of a static equivalent pushover procedure. The second chapter consists of the text of a paper entitled “A new pushover analysis procedure for structural progressive collapse based on optimised load amplification factors”, which uses load amplification factors resulting from optimisation procedures in order to account for dynamic inertial effects. The contributions of these two papers lie in the fact that they offer an improved accuracy on the results, when compared with other procedure available in the literature, which follow the same general principles. The two proposed procedures are thoroughly validated by systematic comparisons with results obtained with the more costly dynamic non-linear computations.

Finally, an additional chapter focuses on the various approaches that can be adopted for the simulation of reinforced concrete beams and columns. Because a rather simple model for reinforced concrete is used in Chapter 2, the bulk of this chapter consists in the implementation of a more complex fibre-based non-linear beam element. Comparisons performed with this model provide insight to the limitations of the simpler model, which is based on the use of lumped plastic hinges, but show this simpler model to be valid for the purposes of the present work.

Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Magalhães, Carlos Wagne Ferreira de Souza. "Análise comparativa do custo da estrutura de edifícios de concreto armado quando projetados pela NBR-6118:2003 e NBR-6118:1978." Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2006. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=34.

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Em Março de 2004 entrou em vigor a nova versão da norma brasileira para projeto de estruturas de concreto, a NBR 6118(2003), substituindo sua antecessora que estava em vigor desde 1978. Dentre os novos conceitos apresentados, os de maior impacto no meio técnico estão relacionados à questão da durabilidade das estruturas de concreto. Assim o presente trabalho pretende avaliar a magnitude destas alterações, com ênfase à análise de custos, que ocorrem devido à aplicação dos novos conceitos normativos no Projeto estrutural de três edifícios de concreto armado de alturas variadas. Desta forma, será avaliado o impacto econômico sobre o Projeto dos edifícios, para valores de cobrimentos de concreto relativos as classes de agressividade ambiental CAA=II e CAA=III, a influência nos custos das estruturas, do valor da resistência à compressão do concreto fck, as vantagens da utilização dos modelos I e II para o cálculo das armaduras de cisalhamento de vigas. Também serão abordados o Projeto dos pilares com os novos critérios do momento mínimo de 1 ordem e imperfeições geométricas locais, a ordem de grandeza dos esforços devidos ao desaprumo frente aos esforços devidos ao vento, e finalmente o impacto no custo global das estruturas dos edifícios, quando dimensionados segundo os critérios presentes na NBR-6118(1978) e NBR-6118(2003). Os resultados mostraram que, apesar do maior volume de concreto nos projetos de acordo com a NBR 6118(2003), a quantidade de aço foi reduzida, principalmente nos pilares,em relação a NBR 6118(1978). A diferença entre os custos finais das estruturas foi a favor da NBR 6118(2003)
In March of 2004 the new version of the Brazilian Code for design of concrete structures, the NBR 6118(2003), has replaced its predecessor the NBR 6118(1978). Amongst the new presented concepts, the greatest impact is related to the question of the durability of the concrete structures. The present work evaluates the influence of the new normative criteria, with emphasis to the analysis of costs, in the structural design of three buildings of reinforced concrete of varied heights. The influence in the costs of the structures is analyzed, when designed in the different exposure classes related environmental conditions II and III, of the value adopted for the compressive resistance fck, of the use of models I and II for the calculation of the reinforcement of shear of beams, of the influence of the design of them columns with the new criteria of the minimum moment of first local order and geometric imperfections. Finally, it has been compared the global costs of the structures of the three buildings when designed according to criteria of NBR-6118(1978) and NBR- 6118(2003). The results had mainly shown that, despite the increase in concrete volume in accordance with the NBR 6118 (2003), the amount of steel was reduced, in them columns, in relation the NBR 6118(1978). The difference in final costs of the structures was favorable to the NBR 6118(1978), but it can be considered relatively low, in comparison with the increasing quality and durability proportioned by the adoption the NBR 6118(2003)

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Gravina, Rebecca Jane. "Non-linear overload behaviour and ductility of reinforced concrete flexural members containing 500MPa grade steel reinforcement / by Rebecca Jane Gravina." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/21791.

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Includes corrigenda (inserted after title page) and list of publications published as a result of this research.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 192-199)
xxvii, 223 leaves : ill. ; 30 cm.
Investigates the overload behaviour and modes of collapse of reinforced concrete flexural members containing 500MPa grade reinforcing steel and evaluates the adequacy of current ductility requirements for design according to AS 3600 to ensure strength and safety.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2002

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Книги з теми "Concrete construction Standards Australia"

Loo, Yew-Chaye. Reinforced and prestressed concrete: Analysis and design with emphasis on application of AS3600-2009. Port Melbourne, Vic: Cambridge University Press, 2010.

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Vance, Mary A. Concrete construction standards. Monticello, Ill: Vance Bibliographies, 1985.

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Ranzi, Gianluca, ed. Time-dependent behaviour and design of composite steel-concrete structures. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/sed018.

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Steel-concrete composite structures are widely used throughout the world for buildings and bridges. A distinguishing feature of this form of construction is the combination of concrete and steel components to achieve enhanced structural performance. The time-dependent response of concrete and its infl uence on the service behaviour and design of composite structures are the main focus of this SED. For the fi rst time, a publication combines a state-of-the-art review of the research with the available design specifi cations of Europe, Australia and New Zealand, and USA. This publication intends to enhance the awareness of the service response of composite structures and of the latest research and standards’ developments. It is aimed at designers and researchers alike. The review of research available in open literature is provided and arranged according to structural typologies, i. e. slabs, beams, and columns. It serves as background information for current service design rules and provides insight into the most recent research advancements. The review of available design guidelines presents the similarities and differences of the recommended service design procedures infl uenced by concrete time effects. Selected case studies of building and bridge projects show possible design approaches and the rationale required when dealing with the time-dependent response and design of composite structures. The authors of this publication are design engineers and academics involved in the service design and research on the time-dependent response of composite structures.

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Association, Canadian Standards. Precast concrete: Materials and construction. Rexdale, Ont: Canadian Standards Association, 1994.

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Association, Canadian Standards. Concrete materials and methods of concrete construction: Methods of test for concrete. Rexdale, Ont: Canadian Standards Association, 1994.

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Darvall, P. Le P. Reinforced and prestressed concrete. South Melbourne: Macmillan Australia, 1989.

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American Society for Testing and Materials. ASTM standards in ACI 318. Farmington Hills, MI: American Concrete Institute, 2002.

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Ireland, National Standards Authority of. Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures. Dublin: Eolas, 1992.

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American Society for Testing and Materials. ASTM standards in ACI 301 and 318. Farmington Hills, MI: American Concrete Institute, 1996.

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American Society for Testing and Materials. ASTM standards in ACI 301 and 318. Farmington Hills, MI: American Concrete Institute, 2000.

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Частини книг з теми "Concrete construction Standards Australia"

Tam, Vivian W. Y., Khoa N. Le, and Cuong N. N. Tran. "Optimizing Life-Cycle Carbon Emissions for Achieving Concrete Credits in Australia." In Proceedings of the 21st International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate, 1077–87. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6190-5_95.

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Stidwell, Samuel, and Eric L. Kreiger. "Determination of Mechanical Properties of Additively Constructed Concrete Based on Specimen Orientation." In Standards Development for Cement and Concrete for Use in Additive Construction, 55–74. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp163620200091.

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Diggs-McGee, Brandy N., and Eric L. Kreiger. "Using Isolated Temporal Analysis to Aid in the Assessment of Structural Element Quality for Additive Construction." In Standards Development for Cement and Concrete for Use in Additive Construction, 117–43. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp163620200105.

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Kilic, Ugur, Yang Yang, Ji Ma, and Osman E. Ozbulut. "Rheological and Thermal Characterization of 3D Printable Lightweight Cementitious Composites with Fly Ash Cenospheres." In Standards Development for Cement and Concrete for Use in Additive Construction, 75–98. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp163620200087.

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Nair, Sooraj A. O., Anling Li, Barzin Mobasher, and Narayanan Neithalath. "Effect of Layer Height on Tensile Stress Distribution and Crack Width-and-Propagation in 3D Printed Fiber-Reinforced Flexural Elements." In Standards Development for Cement and Concrete for Use in Additive Construction, 13–26. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp163620200114.

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Verian, Kho P., Jarron Ashcroft, Jim Ziemlaski, Tim Brodesser, Jonathan Ladouceur, Matthew D. Carli, Randall P. Bright, and Eerik Maandi. "The Assessment of the Buildability and Interlayer Adhesion Strength of 3D-Printed Mortar." In Standards Development for Cement and Concrete for Use in Additive Construction, 99–116. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp163620200085.

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Pierson, Matthew C., and Luke R. Pinkerton. "Direct Tension Testing of Plain and Fiber Reinforced Concrete for Use in Additive Construction." In Standards Development for Cement and Concrete for Use in Additive Construction, 35–54. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp163620200086.

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Weger, Daniel, Thorsten Stengel, Christoph Gehlen, Yannick Maciejewski, and Fabian Meyer-Brötz. "Approval for the Construction of the First 3D Printed Detached House in Germany—Significance of Large Scale Element Testing." In Standards Development for Cement and Concrete for Use in Additive Construction, 144–69. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp163620200119.

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Kompella, Sriram K., Francesco Lo Monte, Marco Cucchi, Andrea Marcucci, Andrea Bassani, Stefano Guanziroli, and Liberato Ferrara. "A Methodology to Assess Early Age Fracture Performance of 3D Printable Cementitious Mixes." In Standards Development for Cement and Concrete for Use in Additive Construction, 27–34. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp163620200093.

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Moini, Reza, Jan Olek, Pablo D. Zavattieri, and Jeffrey P. Youngblood. "Open-Span Printing Method for Assessment of Early-Age Deformations of Additively Manufactured Cement-Based Materials Using an Isosceles Triangle." In Standards Development for Cement and Concrete for Use in Additive Construction, 1–12. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp163620200089.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Concrete construction Standards Australia"

Solis-Navarro, Carlos, and Anna-Carin Brink. "Widening jointed reinforced concrete pavements on the Easing Sydney’s Congestion Program." In 12th International Conference on Concrete Pavements. International Society for Concrete Pavements, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33593/y0qxjehe.

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The aim of this paper is to demonstrate how existing jointed reinforced concrete pavements (JRCPs) are incorporated in the design of new and/or widened lanes as part of the Easing Sydney's Congestion (ESC) Program. The ESC Program is one of the Transport for New South Wales' initiatives to meet the increasing demand for infrastructure in the state. At the inception of the Program in 2016, major capital expenditure was set over AU $2.1 billion over five years to 2021. NSW is the State in Australia with the largest number of concrete pavements in the urban road network; mostly JRCPs many of which are now more than 40 years old and surfaced with nominal 50 mm asphalt. As part of the more than 50 projects delivered, the existing concrete pavements required widening to allow for additional lanes and extension of turning lanes. Whilst the pavement designs had to meet minimum engineering standards with a design life of 40 years, they also needed to cater for rapid construction to mitigate disruption to road users in limited construction space. This paper will describe the approach used to gain information on the existing pavements, the different pavement structures constructed, the detailing of the widenings, the specification of various concrete mixes including high-early strength materials and lessons learnt from the construction phase.

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Uy, Brian. "Applications, behaviour and construction of high performance steels in steel-concrete composite structures." In 12th international conference on ‘Advances in Steel-Concrete Composite Structures’ - ASCCS 2018. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/asccs2018.2018.8375.

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This paper addresses the applications, behaviour and construction of high performance steels in steel-concrete composite structures. For the purposes of this paper, high performance steels will include high strength, stainless and weathering steels. Akin to many innovations in the construction industry, high performance steels have generally been adopted for the use in iconic projects well before design procedures have been developed in standards. This paper will provide a summary of many of the applications particularly as they pertain to iconic projects in Australasia and internationally. Recent research in these areas will also be summarised and important design parameters as they deviate from traditional mild structural steel will be highlighted. Australasian advances in the standardisation of both bridges and buildings incorporating high performance steels will also be summarised, with particular reference to the Australasian Design Codes in Bridge Structures, ASNZS 5100 Part 6; and Building Structures ASNZS 2327 which have both been published in 2017. The paper will conclude with suggestions for further research and will identify areas of significant gaps in Australasian and international standards which will also guide future research in this area.

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Stark, Jan W. B. "European Standards for Composite Construction." In Composite Construction in Steel and Concrete IV Conference 2000. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40616(281)72.

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Hill, A. B., and B. F. Ronalds. "Optimised Float-out of Concrete Offshore Platforms Towards Increasing Construction Potential in Australia." In SPE Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/50144-ms.

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Hodgkinson, John. "Industry Training for Concrete Paving Crews in Australia (2006-2020): The “Grey Card” Course." In 12th International Conference on Concrete Pavements. International Society for Concrete Pavements, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33593/zi0gjbke.

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In addition to advances in materials and construction equipment there is a continuing need to ensure adequate skills are available within paving crews. Since 2006 concrete pavement crews and their supervisors in Australia have been required to undertake a mandatory one-day course. Known in industry as the ``Grey Card'' course it was developed jointly by NSW Roads and Maritime Services (RMS) and industry applicable to highway and similar classification roads. It demonstrates a commitment from both sectors to relevant training. Over 180 courses with 3,800 participants have been completed in four States and the Australian Capital Territory. Successful participants are issued with a card that is recognised throughout industry irrespective of changes in an individual's employment. The course is presented by instructors accredited by RMS and drawn from industry professionals who have demonstrated considerable construction experience. There is no other course of this type in Australia. The course has the primary objective of consistently high quality construction. Based on agency Specifications the course sets out the reasons for various construction requirements and site practices necessary to achieve them at paving crew level. Sessions include the basics of making good concrete, setting forms reinforcement and dowels, placing paving and compaction, surface finishing and texturing, curing and protection. This paper sets out the development and presentations of the courses.

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""Seventy-Year History of Wire-Wrapped Prestressed Concrete Tanks: Practice, Performance And Professional Standards"." In SP-285: Concrete Construction and Structural Evaluation: A Symposium Honoring Dov Kaminetzky. American Concrete Institute, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/51683936.

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Moss, Justin, and Nicole Liang. "A Contemporary Comparison of Life Cycle Evaluations of Road Pavements in Australia-Asphaltic Concrete vs Portland Cement Concrete." In 12th International Conference on Concrete Pavements. International Society for Concrete Pavements, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33593/qyk86wg1.

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Life cycle cost analyses (LCC/A) have not typically been used for pavement optioneering for nearly 30 years in Australia, nor are they generally required in detailed design. To date, asphalt pavements were assumed to have lower construction costs but acknowledged as requiring regular maintenance (every 5 to 10 years), whereas concrete is well known to require less maintenance (typically at intervals of 10 to 20 years). Concrete is therefore characterised as being lower cost only in terms of its life cycle and consequently overlooked where construction costs are the focus of pavement options evaluation. However, with significant recent changes in road construction materials and processes, preconceptions around life cycle costs of asphalt and concrete pavements around the world should be reviewed. This paper reports on the findings of a study conducted by Arcadis which compared the life cycle costs of highway low- noise high-speed pavements - plain concrete (PCP), full depth asphalt (FDA) and asphalt over heavily bound (ACH). The study compared LCC of these pavements across a range of project- specific scenarios (resource availability, site complexity and traffic constraints) in addition to the impact of adopting international discount rates. With a new generation of pavement renewal now commencing in Australia (45 years after the first), this work also examined the viability of prolonging the service life of pavements in relation to its impact on life cycle costs, closures and environmental impact. This paper ultimately concludes best value of the various pavement scenario combinations by ranking and comparing all pavements options, and makes recommendations for future life cycle assessments.

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Marfella, Giorgio. "Seeds of Concrete Progress: Grain Elevators and Technology Transfer between America and Australia." In The 38th Annual Conference of the Society of Architectural Historians Australia and New Zealand. online: SAHANZ, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55939/a4000pi5hk.

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Modern concrete silos and grain elevators are a persistent source of interest and fascination for architects, industrial archaeologists, painters, photographers, and artists. The legacy of the Australian examples of the early 1900s is appreciated primarily by a popular culture that allocates value to these structures on aesthetic grounds. Several aspects of construction history associated with this early modern form of civil engineering have been less explored. In the 1920s and 1930s, concrete grain elevator stations blossomed along the railway networks of the Australian Wheat Belts, marking with their vertical presence the landscapes of many rural towns in New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria, and Western Australia. The Australian reception of this industrial building type of American origin reflects the modern nation-building aspirations of State Governments of the early 1900s. The development of fast-tracked, self-climbing methods for constructing concrete silos, a technology also imported from America, illustrates the critical role of concrete in that effort of nation-building. The rural and urban proliferation of concrete silos in Australia also helped establish a confident local concrete industry that began thriving with automatic systems of movable formwork, mastering and ultimately transferring these construction methods to multi-storey buildings after WWII. Although there is an evident link between grain elevators and the historiographical propaganda of heroic modernism, that nexus should not induce to interpret old concrete silos as a vestige of modern aesthetics. As catalysts of technical and economic development in Australia, Australian wheat silos also bear important significance due to the international technology transfer and local repercussions of their fast-tracked concrete construction methods.

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Пулатова, Д. "MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF CELLULAR CONCRETE." In Status and development trends of standardization and technical regulation in the world. Tashkent state technical university, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51346/tstu-conf.22.1-77-0008.

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This article discusses the use and advantage of ash concrete in construction. Considered technical characteristics according to standard standards According to the results of studies of cellular ash concrete, it was found mainly high thermal properties. The results of comparative studies are given ash concrete on density and thermal conductivity.

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McManus, Adam, Daniel Tofful, and Rafal Wozniak. "Design of segmental box girder bridges with match cast dry joints in Melbourne, Australia." In IABSE Congress, Christchurch 2021: Resilient technologies for sustainable infrastructure. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/christchurch.2021.0269.

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A study of recent work undertaken on the Caulfield to Dandenong Level Crossing Removal Project and West Gate Tunnel Project in Melbourne Australia. The viaducts on these projects were precast segmental box girders erected span-by-span with match cast dry joints which present several key advantages in brownfield construction of linear infrastructure.These case studies consider the application of Australian and International design standards to the design of Australian Infrastructure. It is acknowledged that international design standards such as AASHTO have moved away from the use of match cast dry joints however in the Australian context they are still relevant, and it has been necessary to interrogate current standards to establish a suitable design basis. This approach is imperative when assessing existing infrastructure like recent work on the West Gate Tunnel Project which involved the assessment of the existing precast segmental City Link Viaducts. This study seeks to present recommendations on how AS5100.5 may be modified to provide a more practical and efficient solution for the design of new and the assessment of existing infrastructure.

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