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Статті в журналах з теми "Concludings observations":

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Baldwin, Nicholas D. J. "Concluding Observations." Journal of Legislative Studies 7, no. 1 (March 2001): 171–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/714003856.

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Wood, Michael. "Concluding Observations." International Community Law Review 19, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 156–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18719732-12341351.

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Mayhew, David R. "Concluding Observations." Political Science & Politics 34, no. 02 (June 2001): 265–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049096501000488.

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Schwebel, Stephen M., Marcel Brus, and Albert Jan van den Berg. "Concluding Observations." Leiden Journal of International Law 6, no. 2 (August 1993): 375–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156500002740.

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Conte, Jon R., and Suzanne B. Savage. "Concluding Observations." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 18, no. 4 (April 2003): 452–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260503252344.

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Steeples, Douglas W. "Concluding observations." New Directions for Higher Education 1986, no. 54 (1986): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/he.36919865412.

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Steeples, Douglas W. "Concluding observations." New Directions for Higher Education 1988, no. 64 (1988): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/he.36919886412.

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Steeples, Douglas W. "Concluding observations." New Directions for Higher Education 1990, no. 71 (1990): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/he.36919907112.

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Begg, David. "Concluding Observations." Studies: An Irish Quarterly Review 108, no. 432 (December 2019): 469–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/stu.2019.0028.

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Caussinus, Henri. "Some concluding observations." Annales de la faculté des sciences de Toulouse Mathématiques 11, no. 4 (2002): 587–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5802/afst.1041.

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Дисертації з теми "Concludings observations":

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Bassah, Komla Séméké. "Étude sur la légitimité du Comité des droits de l'homme des Nations Unies et sur l'effectivité de sa mission." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021TOUL0145.

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La recherche sur la légitimité et l’effectivité du CDH vient du constat de la méconnaissance générale de la portée de sa mission, laquelle produit des effets néfastes sur celui-ci. Cette étude montre que malgré les limites imposées à cet organe par le PIDCP, son œuvre déployée a une portée considérable dans la protection internationale des droits de l’homme. Pour parvenir à cette fin, le CDH à adopter des techniques d’interprétation qui lui ont valu l’attention des organes tiers renforçant, par là même, sa légitimité. Poursuivant cette même finalité, afin de pallier l’absence de force obligatoire de ses décisions, il s’emploie à conférer à son activité une nature comparable à celle d’une juridiction formellement instituée afin d’attirer l’attention des États sur le degré d’autorité dont elles sont revêtues. Toutefois, nous proposons qu’à défaut que les États franchissent un nouveau cap en mettant en place une juridiction unique en la matière, il urge que le système soit rationalisé au nom de l’intérêt individuel. L’effectivité des droits de l’homme étant tributaire de leur volonté, la solution contre les écueils actuels nécessite un projet politique d’envergure de leur part
The research on the legitimacy and effectiveness of the HRC stems from the observation that there is a deep lack of knowledge regarding the scope of its mission, which has a negative impact on it. This study shows that despite the limits imposed on this body by the ICCPR, its work has a very significant impact on the international human rights protection. To achieve this end, the HRC adopted interpretation methods that have earned it the attention of others bodies, strengthening by the way its legitimacy. Pursuing the same goal, in order to overcome the non-binding nature of its decisions, it endeavors to give its activity the impression of that of a formally court-like function with the purpose to facilitate States’ compliance by the degree of authority with which they are endowed. However, we propose that if States do not take a new step by setting up a single international court in human rights field, it is an urgent that the UN treaties bodies system, as it known today, be rationalized for the individual’s interests. As the effectiveness of human rights dependent on States willingness, the solution against the current pitfalls requires a large-scale political project supported by them
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Hsieh, Hsing-Jung, and 謝幸容. "The Implementation of Convention on the Rights of the Child in East Asia: With a Special Focus on State Parties Reports and Concluding Observations." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89597534890133898961.

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Анотація:
碩士
國立臺灣大學
法律學研究所
101
Children’s rights is a novel concept in the twentieth century. From Geneva Declaration of the Rights of the Child in 1924, United Declaration of the Rights of the Child in 1959 to Convention on the Rights of the Child (hereinafter “the Convention”) which was adopted in 1989 and came into force in 1990, the development of children’s rights has peaked among the international human rights laws. Given that the Convention has come into force for more than twenty years, this thesis will focus on the features of the Convention and its implementation, with expectation that the experience of the State Parties and the Committee on the Rights of the Child (hereinafter “the Committee”) shall serve as an inspiration for Taiwan. The comparative study will be conducted in East Asia, which includes Republic of Korea, Japan, China and Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, because these countries and Taiwan share similarity in Confucianism tradition and may be in conflict with the Convention. Accordingly, this thesis will begin with the State Parties Reports submitted by these East Asian countries as well as the concluding observations made by the Committee, in order to analyze the features of the Convention and its implementation in East Asia. Finally, based on such State Parties Reports and the concluding observations, this thesis will examine our domestic legislations concerning children. Firstly, this thesis will introduce the historical development of children’s rights in international human rights treaties, the conclusion of the Convention and its contents. Besides, this thesis will discuss the institution and operations of the Committee and analyze its role in interpreting the Convention. Secondly, by looking into the State Parties Reports and the concluding observations, this thesis concludes the common issues which have drawn much attention. The common issues can be divided into two categories: “General measures of implementation issues” and “Substantial rights issues”. This thesis concludes that the general measures of implementation issues include “National Plan of Action and Coordination”, “Independent monitoring institutions”, and “Dissemination of Convention and Training for professionals”, and the substantial rights issues cover “Minority children”, “Violence toward Children ”, “Adoption”, “Juvenile justice” and “The right of express views”. In addition, this thesis categorizes the State Parties in East Asia by referring to the Human Development Index and concludes separate substantial rights issues. Last but not least, by analyzing the common issues of State Parties in East Asia, this thesis points out the current implementation features of Convention on the rights of the Children in East Asia. The last part of this thesis will explore the legal framework of children’s rights in Taiwan. First of all, it introduces the current status of the Convention in Taiwan. Then, it reviews the development of our domestic legislations concerning children. Finally, by referring to the suggestions on common issues made in the concluding observations provided by the Committee, this thesis examines whether our domestic legislations meet the standard of the Convention.

Книги з теми "Concludings observations":

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Leif, Holmström, ed. Concluding observations of the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child: Third to seventeenth session (1993-1998). The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2000.

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Hanjabam, Shukhdeba Sharma. United Nations and human rights in Manipur: Representation to the United Nations system & concluding observations/communiqués/remarks, 1991-2012. New Delhi: Published for Centre for Social Development, Imphal, Conflict and Human Rights Studies Network, Manipur by Forward Books, 2013.

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United Nations. Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. Concluding observations of the UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights: Eighth to twenty-seventh sessions (1993-2001). The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 2003.

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Shrestha, Bandana. Non-discrimination disability and ethnic rights: Review of the concluding observations made by the committee on the rights of the child. Kathmandu: Save the Children Sweden, Regional Office for South and Central Asia, 2008.

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(Society), SPARC. Pakistan: Concluding observations of UN committee on the rights of the child on the implementation of United Nations convention on the rights of the child. Islamabad: Society for the Protection of the Rights of the Child, 2009.

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United Nations. Committee on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights. Consideration of reports submitted by states parties under Articles 16 and 17 of the covenant: Concluding observations of the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights : Canada. [New York: United Nations, 1993.

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Children's Rights Alliance for England., ed. State of children's rights in England 2004: Annual review of UK Government action on 2002 concluding observations of the United Nations Committee on the rights of the child. London: Children's Rights Alliance for England, 2004.

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Bair, Johann. The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and its (first) optional protocol: A short commentary based on views, general comments, and concluding observations by the Human Rights Committee. New York: P. Lang, 2006.

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Sherap, Paul. A Tibetan on Tibet: Being the travels and observations of Mr. Paul Sherap (Dorje Zödba) of Tachienlu ; with an introductory chapter on Buddhism and a concluding chapter on the devil dance. Berkeley, CA: Snow Lion Graphics, 1989.

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United Nations. Committee on the Rights of the Child. Children's rights, our responsibilities: Concluding observations of the UN Committee of the Rights of the Child following examination of the First national report of Ireland on the implementation of the Convention on the Rights of the Child. Dublin: Children's Rights Alliance, 1998.

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Частини книг з теми "Concludings observations":

1

Little, Daniel. "Concluding Observations." In A New Social Ontology of Government, 161–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48923-6_10.

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Herr, Richard A. "Concluding Observations." In The South Pacific, 203–11. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12519-7_14.

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Baehr, Peter R. "Concluding Observations." In The Role of Human Rights in Foreign Policy, 165–69. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-25046-2_12.

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Rodger, John J. "Concluding observations." In Family Life and Social Control, 198–205. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24628-1_9.

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Hage, Jaap C. "Concluding Observations." In Reasoning with Rules, 203–54. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8873-7_6.

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Jungnickel, Christa, and Russell McCormmach. "Concluding Observations." In The Second Physicist, 397–408. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49565-1_16.

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Noam, Eli M. "Concluding Observations." In Managing Media and Digital Organizations, 667–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71288-8_15.

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Scribner, Richard A., Theodore J. Ralston, and William D. Metz. "Concluding Observations." In The Verification Challenge, 175–82. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-6678-0_8.

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Tahir, Pervez. "Concluding Observations." In Making Sense of Joan Robinson on China, 137–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28825-9_6.

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Baehr, Peter R. "Concluding Observations." In The Role of Human Rights in Foreign Policy, 157–61. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-23480-6_12.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Concludings observations":

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Winzer, Margaret, and Kas Mazurek. "PROGRESS OF THE INCLUSIVE SCHOOLING AGENDA: WHAT THE CRPD COMMITTEE'S CONCLUDING OBSERVATIONS SAY." In 15th annual International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation. IATED, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2022.0766.

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Malinovsky, A., E. Mikheeva, V. Lukash, and S. Repin. "A catalog of Supermassive Black Holes for observations of black holes shadows with the Millimetron space observatory." In ASTRONOMY AT THE EPOCH OF MULTIMESSENGER STUDIES. Proceedings of the VAK-2021 conference, Aug 23–28, 2021. Crossref, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51194/vak2021.2022.1.1.152.

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The paper presents a catalog of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) sharpened for interferometric observations at millimeterand submillimeter wavelengths, based on open sources. The catalog includes the object’s name, coordinates, angular size,and mass, the angular size of the gravitational radius of the SMBH, and the integrated radio flux associated with theradiosource concluding the SMBH at 20-900 GHz, planned for the Event Horizon Telescope, the future space missionMillimetron, and others. The catalog is intended for use during planning of interferometric observations of SMBH shadows.
3

Sjögren, Peter, Björn Fagerström, Monica Bellgran, and Peter Sandeberg. "Semi-Submersible Gravity Based Hybrid Structure: An Alternative to Jacket and Topside Platforms." In ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-23954.

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The aim of this research is to present the result from a case study comparing a semi-submersible gravity based hybrid structure and a jacket topside structure for two offshore wind farm converter station projects. The cases are analyzed from a transportation and installation perspective. Converter stations enable the conversion from alternating to direct current, more efficiently bringing generated wind energy to shore. Out of the project process phases e.g. planning, engineering, fabrication, transport, installation and commissioning; transportation and installation are two of the most demanding during offshore platform projects. The weight and size of an offshore platform require specialized equipment, vessels and marine contractors’ expertise to be transported and installed. The risks associated with transportation and installation (T&I) operations are related to health, safety and environment, and T&I operations are also sensitive to any disturbance e.g. accidents and delays. Many interdependencies between disciplines in the project execution process may result in consequential and immediate impact, should an activity not follow the plan and thus the risk of cost overruns increases. In an attempt to circumvent risks related to heavy lifts offshore and consequently mitigate the corresponding risks, a new platform concept has been developed a Norwegian EPC–company and a Swiss converter station manufacturer, a semi-submersible gravity based hybrid, SSGBH. The subjects presented in this paper include the general principles of the SSGBH concept and in what way risk associated with T&I operations are reduced. This paper present the platform concepts, data gathered from interviews, archival data and direct observations. Their pros and cons are presented in an objective way, while concluding that platform concepts of this kind are and should be highly customized, as should the concept selection.
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González-Jiménez, Beatriz S., Paula M. Núñez-Bravo, and Elena Escudero-López. "¿Mantiene usted sus ojos abiertos? La fotografía como herramienta transversal de aprendizaje." In Jornadas sobre Innovación Docente en Arquitectura. Grup per a la Innovació i la Logística Docent en l'Arquitectura (GILDA), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/jida.2023.12252.

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In an increasingly diverse professional reality, contemporary education must embrace a versatile perspective of the architectural discipline, conceived through interconnection, diversity, and collaboration. The Educational Innovation Project presented here addresses the use of photography as a tool for learning that enables the observation, representation, communication, and conceptualization of architecture and the environment. To expand the possibilities of photography, a longitudinal exploration is proposed, spanning across all courses and cutting across various knowledge areas. Through Project-Based Learning, students connect different professional domains using the photographic experience as a common thread, resulting in highly diverse outcomes. The photographs displayed in the concluding exhibition of the project highlight the significance of nurturing a personal, perceptive, and creative approach to both existing and envisioned architecture. Frente a una realidad profesional cada vez más diversificada, la educación actual debe adoptar una perspectiva versátil de la disciplina arquitectónica, concebida desde la interconexión, la pluralidad y la colaboración. El Proyecto de Innovación Educativa presentado aborda el uso de la fotografía como herramienta de aprendizaje que permite la observación, representación, comunicación e ideación de la arquitectura y el entorno. Con el fin de amplificar las posibilidades de la fotografía, se plantea una exploración longitudinal a todos los cursos y transversal a las áreas de conocimiento. A través del Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos, el estudiantado conecta los diferentes ámbitos profesionales con la experiencia fotográfica como hilo conductor del que han derivado resultados muy heterogéneos. Las fotografías mostradas en la exposición con la que culmina el proyecto ponen de manifiesto la importancia de desarrollar una mirada personal, sensible y creativa de la arquitectura existente e imaginada.
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Kostina, Ekaterina, Svetlana Khoroshilova, and Elena Pushkareva. "BUILDING MOBILITY COMPETENCE OF INTENDING TEACHERS." In NORDSCI International Conference. SAIMA Consult Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/nordsci2020/b1/v3/01.

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The main idea of modern education is to build competences as a produce of university educational process. One of the most important competences of intending teachers to be built is mobility competence, which is a component of professional pedagogical competence. We believe, to train a mobile teacher is possible within a purposefully created cross-cultural educational university environment, where the designed technology of developing intending teachers’ academic mobility based on the cross-cultural approach is implemented. The empirical methods of the research are represented by observation, interlocution, interview, questioning, testing, expert review, generalization of independent data, pedagogical experiment, and mathematical statistics. To estimate the readiness of intending teachers for academic mobility under the conditions of cross-cultural educational environment, four levels of readiness are offered: optimal (high), admissible (middle), critical (low), and inadmissible (not ready). To determine the level, we have developed three criteria (cognitive, motivational-valuable, acting-reflective) and their indicators. At the motivating stage of the pedagogical experiment we conducted surveys of different respondent groups (random sample including online format, 1261 respondents) with the help of the questionnaires we had developed. The received data were used in the training course “Teaching a foreign language through the culture of native speakers”, which contributed to the building of mobility competence of intending teachers. At the monitoring stage of our experimental education the comparison of the results of the incoming and outgoing assessment according to the developed criteria and indicators showed significant growth of the students’ readiness for academic mobility, which allows us concluding that the designed technology of developing academic mobility based on the cross-cultural approach is effective in building mobility competence of intending teachers.
6

Kostina, Ekaterina, and Svetlana Khoroshilova. "BUILDING MOBILITY COMPETENCE OF INTENDING TEACHERS." In NORDSCI Conference Proceedings. Saima Consult Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/nordsci2021/b1/v4/02.

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"The main idea of modern education is to build competences as a produce of university educational process. One of the most important competences of intending teachers to be built is mobility competence, which is a component of professional pedagogical competence. We believe, to train a mobile teacher is possible within a purposefully created cross-cultural educational university environment, where the designed technology of developing intending teachers’ academic mobility based on the cross-cultural approach is implemented. The empirical methods of the research are represented by observation, interlocution, interview, questioning, testing, expert review, generalization of independent data, pedagogical experiment, and mathematical statistics. To estimate the readiness of intending teachers for academic mobility under the conditions of cross-cultural educational environment, four levels of readiness are offered: optimal (high), admissible (middle), critical (low), and inadmissible (not ready). To determine the level, we have developed three criteria (cognitive, motivational-valuable, acting-reflective) and their indicators. At the motivating stage of the pedagogical experiment we conducted surveys of different respondent groups (random sample including online format, 1261 respondents) with the help of the questionnaires we had developed. The received data were used in the training course “Teaching a foreign language through the culture of native speakers”, which contributed to the building of mobility competence of intending teachers. At the monitoring stage of our experimental education the comparison of the results of the incoming and outgoing assessment according to the developed criteria and indicators showed significant growth of the students’ readiness for academic mobility, which allows us concluding that the designed technology of developing academic mobility based on the cross-cultural approach is effective in building mobility competence of intending teachers."
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Mardar, Sorina mihaela. "NEEDS ASSESSMENT QUESTIONNAIRE FOR THE INTELLIGENCE ANALYSTS." In eLSE 2017. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-17-023.

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Every country requires and needs well trained intelligence analyst. But what is the profile of the intelligence analyst? How should the training look like for this personnel category? If we look at the literature on this field, we may find many descriptions about how they should be, but very little about the training needs: intelligence analyst should be well informed, but aware that he can’t know everything; he should be willing to make steps back and examine his/her arguments; he should be aware of the possibility that his/her arguments have been used before. The critical argumentation, along with critical thinking represents key components for the intelligence analysis and involves thinking, research, observation, analyzing, selecting, concluding, logical presentation. Does the analyst prove that they have the same values, attitudes and individual behaviors (extraprofessional, but that can affect the manner of fulfilling work tasks or the image and the efficiency of the department) which are in accordance with the ones of the department (social behavior, discretion, lack of vices that could affect the job etc.)? Specific skills refer to abilities of using tools of collecting, analyzing and presenting/communicating the information; they are measured based on a detailed inventory of the latter as well as, if case be, of a questionnaire in which the degree of mastering each ability is evaluated. With this article, I am trying to create a questionnaire – from the perspective of an educational expert – that will analyze what are the training needs for the intelligence analysts. This questionnaire could also be used as a working tool in selecting the best training programme or in designing your own training programme.
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Lehmanna, Ricarda, Kerstin Thurowa, Regina Stollb, and Matthias Weippertab. "Human vs. Machine in Life Science Automation: Comparing Effectiveness of Manual and Automated 3-D Cell Culturing Processes." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference (2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001219.

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There is an ongoing shift from 2-D cell culturing to 3-D approaches, particularly because three dimensional cell cultures better simulate in vivo conditions. Thus, automation of 3-D culturing processes is a current issue in life science automation, as it is supposed to provide standard qualities and the potential of large-scaled production of 3-D tissues. In the traditional production process, human sensory-motor and evaluation skills are essential for successful 3-D cultivation. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of an semi-automated HeLa-cell culturing process compared to traditional manual processing. HeLa cells were manually and automatically encapsulated in alginate matrices and cultivated in media with (+P/S) and without antibiotic (-P/S). The manual steps were carried out by skilled laboratory staff. The automated procedures were performed by the Biomek® Cell Workstation. The proliferation rates and toxicities were evaluated on day 1, 14 and 35. Further, measurements of the duration of the processes and an expert interview as well as process observation of novice and expert staff have been carried out. The proliferation rates of manual produced alginate beads +P/S were significantly higher compared to the rates of the semi-automated produced beads. Average proliferation rates of the manually and semi-automatically produced alginate beads –P/S were similar on all post production days. Further, our results showed a significant increase of the cytotoxicity +P/S and –P/S from day 1 to day 35 for both types of production. On day 1, the cytotoxicity of manual produced beads was significantly higher compared to semi-automated produced beads. Particularly on day 35 toxicity of alginate beads +P/S was significantly increased compared to beads –P/S. Concluding, single process duration of the automated alginate bead production is higher and effectiveness and efficiency of the manual bead production is slightly worse compared to manual processing. However, the main benefits of automated processes are a stable quality, high reproducibility and increased absolute sample production (24/7-operation).
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Repetto-Llamazares, Ada H. V., Ove T. Gudmestad, Arne Gu¨rtner, and Knut V. Ho̸yland. "Shoulder Ice Barrier Ice Tank Testing—Part II: Estimation of Breaking Length and Block Size Using Image Analysis." In ASME 2009 28th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2009-79140.

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When studying ice interaction on sloped structures, a key parameter that is usually reported after experiments and observations either in Full Scale or Model Scale is the breaking length associated with the ice failure. Moreover, either for numerical modeling or load calculations the size of the blocks generated during ice-structure interaction that accumulates rubble is of importance. In this paper, the technique of image analysis has been used to obtain values of the breaking length and the ice block sizes generated during model tests of a Shoulder Ice Barrier (SIB)-ice interaction. The model tests were performed in the Hamburg Ship Model Basin (HSVA) during July 2007. Since the SIB represents a new concept in ice barrier structures, model tests were intended to evaluate its general performance. A brief description of the model tests and the image analysis technique used to analyze the data is done. A total of five experiments where ice thickness, ice flexural strength and shoulder inclination were varied, are analyzed. Results of the breaking length analysis show that there is a characteristic change in the breaking length associated with the transition from ice interactions on the bare structure (Phase 1) and interaction onto accumulated rubble (Phase 2). Average values of the breaking length of both phases for each experiment are presented. Since the information regarding breaking length in structures that accumulate rubble is sparse, the experimental results of Phase 1, where the rubble accumulation is still small, are compared with the predictions from three different models presented in the literature for sloped structures, under similar ice conditions, that do not accumulate rubble. The comparison allows concluding that the breaking phenomenon is being reasonably well modeled in the experiments. The block sizes of the upper layer of the accumulated rubble were analyzed and the block length and width distributions were found for each experiment. A linear trend was found between block size and ice thickness. A linear fitting of the data was performed in order to obtain simple equations which give an upper limit of the length and width of the ice blocks generated during the SIB-ice interaction as function of the ice thickness. The results may apply for ice interaction on sloped structures in general as well.
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Pawandeep, Bagga, and Khatri Shubhada. "Addressing Realtime Formation Evaluation Data Transmission Challenges with Microbubble and Hollow Glass Sphere Mud System - A Case Study from India." In SPE Conference at Oman Petroleum & Energy Show. SPE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/218531-ms.

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Abstract Objectives/Scope The paper outlines the obstacles encountered during the initial implementation of Hollow Glass Sphere (HGS) and Microbubble Mud Systems for formation evaluation data transmission while using mud pulse telemetry in Western Offshore India. The oil and gas operator encountered significant challenges when drilling and assessing formations in directional wells within these low-pressure and depleted reservoirs. HGS and Microbubble Mud Systems were employed to decrease the density of drilling fluids to prevent and address losses while drilling through a producing reservoir section with low pore pressures. Methods, Procedures, Process In an effort to address the issue of significant or complete loss of drilling fluid during operations in a low-pressure reservoir, a low-density mud system was introduced with a density ranging between 6.3 to 7.5 pounds per gallon (ppg). However, the inclusion of micro-bubbles or hollow glass spheres in the drilling mud resulted in poor compression, substantial distortion, and weakening of the mud pulse telemetry signal. As a result, the real-time logging-while-drilling (LWD) log lacked data density, diminishing its value to the client. To rectify this, an in-depth analysis was conducted, considering factors such as pump efficiency, flow rate, mud pulse telemetry principles, and pulser design, leading to the development of a novel technique aimed at delivering high-density formation evaluation LWD Data. Results, Observations, Conclusions Identifying the factors that posed limitations and implementing strategies to mitigate risks were pivotal actions taken to minimize the risk of data loss and ensure a continuous and uninterrupted stream of logging-while-drilling (LWD) data for real-time decision-making by the operator. This involved servicing the pulser, making changes to pulser design, and enhancing the accompanying software, resulting in the capability to transmit mud pulse data at rates of up to 20 BPS in place of 5 BPS initially. The modified configurations of the mud-pulse telemetry module proved highly valuable in delivering an uninterrupted LWD log with a sufficient data density, thus meeting the requirements of the operator’s subsurface team. Novel/Additive Information The paper ends with concluding the best practices which should be incorporated to deliver quality data. This pulser and telemetry system can be combined with any LWD services including NMR, formation pressures and electrical imaging while drilling.

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