Готові списки джерел за темами / Communist resistance

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Communist resistance"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022
Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Communist resistance"

1

Friedrich, Klaus Peter. "Nazistowski mord na Żydach w prasie polskich komunistów (1942–1944)." Zagłada Żydów. Studia i Materiały, no. 2 (December 2, 2006): 54–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.32927/zzsim.180.

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Facing the decisive struggle between Nazism and Soviet communism for dominance in Europe, in 1942/43 Polish communists sojourning in the USSR espoused anti-German concepts of the political right. Their aim was an ethnic Polish ‘national communism’. Meanwhile, the Polish Workers’ Party in the occupied country advocated a maximum intensification of civilian resistance and partisan struggle. In this context, commentaries on the Nazi judeocide were an important element in their endeavors to influence the prevailing mood in the country: The underground communist press often pointed to the fate of the murdered Jews as a warning in order to make it clear to the Polish population where a deficient lack of resistance could lead. However, an agreed, unconditional Polish and Jewish armed resistance did not come about. At the same time, the communist press constantly expanded its demagogic confrontation with Polish “reactionaries” and accused them of shared responsibility for the Nazi murder of the Jews, while the Polish government (in London) was attacked for its failure. This antagonism was intensified in the fierce dispute between the Polish and Soviet governments after the rift which followed revelations about the Katyn massacre. Now the communist propaganda image of the enemy came to the fore in respect to the government and its representatives in occupied Poland. It viewed the government-in-exile as being allied with the “reactionaries,” indifferent to the murder of the Jews, and thus acting ultimately on behalf of Nazi German policy. The communists denounced the real and supposed antisemitism of their adversaries more and more bluntly. In view of their political isolation, they coupled them together, in an undifferentiated manner, extending from the right-wing radical ONR to the social democrats and the other parties represented in the underground parliament loyal to the London based Polish government. Thereby communist propaganda tried to discredit their opponents and to justify the need for a new start in a post-war Poland whose fate should be shaped by the revolutionary left. They were thus paving the way for the ultimate communist takeover
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2

Podemski, Piotr. "Antyamerykańska trauma i nostalgia za komunizmem we włoskiej wojnie o pamięć na przykładzie twórczości Giorgia Gabera." Politeja 18, no. 1(70) (February 1, 2021): 85–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/politeja.18.2021.70.07.

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Anti-American Trauma and Nostalgia for Communism in the Italian Memory War as Presented in Giorgio Gaber’s Work Although the contemporary Italian memory war originally stems from a debate around the trauma of the 1943-1945 civil war between Italian Fascists and the Resistance, it’s almost equally crucial aspect remains that of the two conflicting narratives of the early Cold War period (1945-1948). One of those is the dominant memory pattern, imposed by the ruling Christian Democratic Party (pro-American and anti-Communist), opposed by the alternative and marginalized view promoted by the Communists (anti-American and pro-Communist). Giorgio Gaber (1939-2003), a famous Italian cantautore (singer-songwriter), is one the exponents of anti-American trauma and nostalgia for communism within the latter narrative. In his two famous texts, America and Some used to be Communists, he offers precious insights into these aspects of his generation’s own memory and their ancestors’ post-memory of the post-war period.
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3

Mukharji, Projit Bihari. ""Communist" dispossession meets "reactionary" resistance." Focaal 2009, no. 54 (June 1, 2009): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/fcl.2009.540107.

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The reflections in this article were instigated by the repeated and brutal clashes since 2007 between peasants and the state government’s militias—both official and unofficial—over the issue of industrialization. A communist government engaging peasants violently in order to acquire and transfer their lands to big business houses to set up capitalist enterprises seemed dramatically ironic. De- spite the presence of many immediate causes for the conflict, subtle long-term change to the nature of communist politics in the state was also responsible for the present situation. This article identifies two trends that, though significant, are by themselves not enough to explain what is happening in West Bengal today. First, the growth of a culture of governance where the Communist Party actively seeks to manage rather than politicize social conflicts; second, the recasting of radical political subjectivity as a matter of identity rather than an instigation for critical self-reflection and self-transformation.
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4

Kitchen, Martin, and Allan Merson. "Communist Resistance in Nazi Germany." Labour / Le Travail 22 (1988): 354. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25143093.

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5

Kater, Michael H., and Allan Merson. "Communist Resistance in Nazi Germany." German Studies Review 10, no. 1 (February 1987): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1430486.

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6

King, C. E. "Communist Resistance in Nazi Germany." German History 6, no. 2 (April 1, 1988): 209–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gh/6.2.209.

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7

Epstein, Catherine. "The Production of “Official Memory” in East Germany: Old Communists and the Dilemmas of Memoir-Writing." Central European History 32, no. 2 (June 1999): 181–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938900020896.

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In East Germany, official memory was reputedly embodied in Old Communists, those men and women who had joined the German Communist Party (KPD) before Hitler's rise to power in 1933. After 1945, the Socialist Unity Party (SED), East Germany's ruling party, exploited the tragic experiences of Old Communists during the Third Reich—exile, resistance, and concentration–camp incarceration—to foster a triumphant official memory of heroic, Communist-led antifascist struggle. Intended to legitimate the SED regime, this official memory was rehearsed in countless “lieux de mémoire,” including films, novels, school textbooks, museum exhibitions, and commemorative rituals. Concurrently, party authorities encouraged Old Communists to share their past lives with younger East Germans; in particular, they urged Old Communists to write memoirs of their participation in the antifascist struggle against Hitler.
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8

Adam, Yusril Fahmi. "Perjuangan Umat Islam dalam Gerakan Front Anti Komunis di Indonesia, 1954-1958." Tsaqofah 20, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.32678/tsaqofah.v20i2.6700.

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This article is a social history research which in general is to analyze the events of the Anti-Communist Front movement. The method used in this article is the historical method and the data collection in writing this article uses library research. The results showed that the Anti-Communist Front movement was a movement aimed at fighting the ideology of communism. In this case, the resistance of the Anti-Communist Front movement was aimed at the PKI, because the PKI was a party that had a fairly large cadre, so with the large number of PKI cadres, it was feared that the ideology of communism would affect the beliefs or beliefs of Muslims. The PKI also had a strong political influence in Indonesia, especially in the 1955 elections, but what became the concern of the Anti-Communist Front was the PKI's revolutionary political attitude, so that the PKI often abused, slandered, and even killed the elite of Islamic political parties, the Kyai, as well as among the students for their political ambitions.
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9

Ciobanu, Monica. "Remembering the Romanian Anti-Communist Armed Resistance: An Analysis of Local Lived Experience." Eurostudia 10, no. 1 (July 28, 2015): 105–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1033884ar.

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The anti-communist armed resistance that occurred as a disparate and heterogeneous movement in Romania from 1944 until 1962 became a highly politicized topic after 1989. Some interpreted this history as an element of the national resistance against Soviet occupation and the ensuing forced communization. Others demonized the partisans (or at least minimized their role) and presented them as outlaws, fascists, and criminals. This essay analyzes the armed resistance and its place within the politics of memory from three interrelated perspectives: 1) as lived experience in the context of post-World War II emergence of communism; 2) it takes a concretely localized perspective; and 3) analyzes these lived experiences as they have been presented in autobiographical accounts heavily influenced by post-1989 anti-communist rhetoric. The article concludes that multiple histories of repression and resistance have so far tended to be incorporated in a master narrative and argues that an approach emphasizing localized lived experience may offer an alternative interpretative framework.
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10

Lankina, Tomila V., Alexander Libman, and Anastassia Obydenkova. "Appropriation and Subversion." World Politics 68, no. 2 (February 23, 2016): 229–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043887115000428.

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Twenty-five years after the collapse of communism in Europe, few scholars disagree that the past continues to shape the democratic trajectories of postcommunist states. Precommunist education has featured prominently in this literature’s bundle of “good” legacies because it ostensibly helped foster resistance to communism. The authors propose a differentcausal mechanism—appropriation and subversion—that challenges the linearity of the above assumptions by analyzing the effects of precommunist literacy on patterns of Communist Party recruitment in Russia’s regions. Rather than regarding precommunist education as a source of latent resistance to communism, the authorshighlight the Leninist regime’s successful appropriation of the more literate strata of the precommunist orders, in the process subverting the past democratic edge of the hitherto comparatively more developed areas. The linear regression analysis of author—assembled statistics from the first Russian imperial census of 1897 supports prior research: precommunist literacy has a strong positive association with postcommunist democratic outcomes. Nevertheless, in pursuing causal mediation analysis, the authors find, in addition, that the above effect is mediated by Communist Party saturation in Russia’s regions. Party functionaries were likely to be drawn from areas that had been comparatively more literate in tsarist times, andparty saturation in turn had a dampening effect on the otherwise positive effects of precommunist education on postcommunist democracy.
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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Communist resistance"

1

Chan, Gordon Yiu Ming. "The Communist resistance movement in war-torn Guangdong, China, 1937-1945." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2001. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/28792/.

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This doctoral dissertation traces the origins of the East River and the Hainan Base Areas, which were established by the Chinese Communist Party in Guangdong during the Anti-Japanese War (1937-45) and explains why they failed to achieve the kind of dramatic expansion as did their northern counterparts. As the case of the East River Base Area demonstrates, the major problem which confronted the Party was the limited scope of Japanese occupation. The absence of widespread political anarchy on the Guangdong mainland did not only trigger much initial debate among Party leaders over the possibility of guerrilla mobilisation but also imposed severe constraints on local attempts to construct Communist bases. In Hainan, although the political-military situation was more favourable, the Party's plan of developing the island into a Communist stronghold in South China still ended up in a merely theoretical construct. Among those important factors which contributed to its frustration were inadequate resources at the Party's disposal, the loss of radio communication between Hainan and the Party Centre in Yan'an, the intense Japanese "mopping-up" campaigns and the island's age-long Li-Han racial conflict. It was not until mid-1944 that the Japanese Ichigo offensive created in Guangdong an environment conducive to the reduplication of the Communist expansion in the north. Unfortunately, this extensive enemy occupation came to the province too late and was too short. Japan's sudden surrender in August 1945 thwarted Mao Zedong's ambitious efforts of combining the Communist bases in Central and South China. By examining the reasons for the underdevelopment of the two southern bases, this study raises some important questions about the Communist wartime movement such as the limits of Mao's model of base construction and the need of a dynamic balance between central supervision and local initiatives for achieving the Communist revolution.
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2

Ammirato, Piero. "From resistance to the historic compromise : the evolution of the Italian Communist Party /." Title page, contents and introduction only, 1988. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09ara519.pdf.

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3

Bergin, Cathy. "Resistance and reaction : Black American fictional representations of the Communist Party, 1940-1952." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.402678.

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The thesis is an investigation into representations of the Communist Party in black American fiction from 1940 to 1952. The focal texts are Richard Wright's Native Son (1940), Chester Himes's Lonely Crusade (1947) and Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man (1952). I examine the impact of Communism on a generation of black writers and consider how black identity in the novels is constructed in relation to the political ideology of the Communist Party. Placing the novels in their socio-historical context I take issue with many of the literary-critical assumptions about the "anti- Communism" of the three novels and focus rather on the historically specific nature of their engagement with the Communist Party. I argue that where negative Communist Party fictional representation is apparent, Communism is not dismissed as incapable of meeting the demands of black political identity but castigated for its refusal to do so. A detailed focus on the political milieu in which these texts operate therefore challenges many of the presumptions, about the "inability" of Communism to comprehend racial oppression, which dominate literary critical approaches to these novels. The textual analysis of the three novels which follows is informed by the complex formations of black political agency presumed and reproduced by American Communism during the Depression
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4

Meaney, Mary C. "Resistance and political change in southwest France : a case study of Vienne, Charente, Haute Vienne and Dordogne." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.339066.

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Plamadeala, Cristina. "Methods and motivations behind the collaboration and resistance of secret informers with the Securitate in Communist Romania (1945-89)." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0099.

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Les travaux de recherche pour la présente thèse s’appuient en grande partie sur les dossiers de la Securitate, conservés au Conseil national pour l’étude des archives de la Securitate, à Bucarest et à Popesti-Leordeni, en Roumanie. Ces travaux visent à expliquer les divers mécanismes de terreur mis en œuvre par la Securitate, la police secrète roumaine sous l’ère communiste, dans le but de recruter parmi la population des personnes pour alimenter son réseau de surveillance. Bien qu’examinant l’ensemble de la période communiste en Roumanie, la thèse se penche en particulier sur les deux dernières décennies du régime, durant le règne de Nicolae Ceauşescu, de 1965 à 1989, et introduit comme outils d’étude les notions de psuchegraphy et de dossierveillance, deux néologismes pour désigner les méthodes coercitives appliquées par la Securitate dans le but d’enrôler des informateurs et de s’assurer de leur collaboration. Le concept de psuchegraphy recouvre la collecte de données biographiques, permettant de consigner dans les dossiers de la Securitate suffisamment d’indices sur la personnalité, le caractère et les convictions profondes de personnes ciblées afin de cerner leurs points vulnérables et les forcer ensuite à une collaboration. Les présentes recherches démontrent que ce type d’analyse servait en quelque sorte de prélude au recrutement des membres du réseau de surveillance de la Securitate. Le concept dit de dossierveillance met en lumière le rôle de la technologie et de la documentation lié aux pratiques de surveillance pour le recrutement des informateurs et l’instauration d’un climat de terreur pour assurer le contrôle des populations. La composante dossier dans dossierveillance, amplement expliquée dans ces pages comme la technologie employée par la Securitate dans l’exercice de la surveillance de personnes ciblées, fut l’un des outils « disciplinaires » (Foucault 1975) les plus efficaces pour entretenir la crainte et de suspicion. Ces travaux présentent également les conséquences de l’application de tels mécanismes sur une nation, un phénomène appelé ici la banalisation du mal, d’après le concept de la banalité du mal avancé par Hannah Arendt dans son œuvre. Enfin, ce travail permet de revisiter le sujet de la lustration et de la justice transitionnelle, et d’examiner comment les nouvelles avancées universitaires énoncées dans ses pages peuvent contribuer à mieux comprendre et traiter le sujet de la collaboration en Roumanie dans un contexte postcommuniste
Working primarily with Securitate files, currently stored at the National Council for the Study of Securitate Archives (CNSAS), located in Bucharest and Popesti-Leordeni, Romania, this thesis explains the various terror mechanisms the Securitate, Romania’s secret police during the country’s communist period, employed in order to gain recruits and employ them as part of its surveillance network. Although the thesis discusses the entire communist period in Romania, it places significant emphasis on the last two decades of communism (1965-89), when Nicolae Ceauşescu was in power. This thesis introduces and discusses the following two concepts— psuchegraphy and dossierveillance—described herein as two terror methods applied by the Securitate to obtain informers and compel them to collaborate. The former mentioned concept entailed collecting biographical data Securitate’s targets that would give one sufficient clues about a person’s core beliefs, personality, character, and identity, all with the scope of getting to know that which Securitate referred to in its files as a person’s vulnerable points. This thesis shows that this kind of analysis was a precursor to recruitment of the members of the Securitate’s surveillance network. The latter aforemetioed method of terror stresses the role of technology and documentation in surveillance practices and their use for recruitment of informers and management of the population by maintaining it in a sense of dread and fear. The ‘dossier in dossierveillance, loosely defined in this thesis as the technology that the Securitate employed to place its targets under surveillance, represented one of the Securitate’s most effective “disciplinary” tools (Foucault 1975) through which it managed to instill fear in people. This thesis also describes the outcome of enforcing such mechanisms on a nation, amassing to a phenomenon described here as the banalization of evil, a term that builds on the work of Hannah Arendt on the banality of evil. Lastly, this thesis revists the subject of lustration and transitional justice and explores how the new scholarship discussed in the thesis may further contribute to understanding and treating the subject of collaboration in a post-communist context in Romania
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6

Bruce, Gary. "Resistance in the Soviet Occupied ZoneGerman Democratic Republic, 1945-1955." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=35663.

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The following study traces the history of fundamental political resistance to Communism in the Soviet Occupied Zone/German Democratic Republic from 1945 to 1955. The two most tangible manifestations of this form of resistance are dealt with: actions of members of the non-Marxist parties before being co-opted into the Communist system, and the popular uprising on 17 June 1953. In both manifestations, the state's abuse of basic rights of its citizens---such as freedom of speech and personal legal security---played a dominant role in motivation to resist.
This study argues that the 17 June uprising was an act of fundamental resistance which aimed to remove the existing political structures in the German Democratic Republic. By examining the Soviet Occupied Zone and German Democratic Republic from 1945 to 1955, it becomes clear that there existed in the population a basic rejection of the Communist system which was entwined with the regime's disregard for basic rights. Protestors on 17 June 1953 demonstrated for the release of political prisoners, and voiced political demands similar to those which had been raised by oppositional members of the non-Marxist parties in the German Democratic Republic prior to their being forced into line. The organized political resistance in the non-Marxist parties represented "Resistance with the People" (Widerstand mit Volk).
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7

Goretti, Leo. "Young partisans and Ragazzi con la maglietta a strisce Communist Youth in Italy between the resistance and July 1960 : a study and generational study." Thesis, University of Reading, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.558760.

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The thesis deals with the history of the youth organisations of the Italian Communist Party (PC!) and the experiences of their militants in the period between the Antifascist Resistance (1943-1945) and the riots against the Tambroni government (1960). The first chapter is concerned with issues of a political-organisational nature, such as the relationship between the adult Party and its offshoot youth networks - most notably, the Frante della Gioventu and the Federazione Giovanile Comunista Italiana. The policies and the activities implemented by the latter are extensively discussed. The second chapter analyses the educational thought of the most prominent Italian Communist leaders (Antonio Gramsci, Palmiro Togliatti, Enrico Berlinguer). It also examines the views, values and moral qualities that the Communist movement strove to pass on to its young cadres and activists, and the variety of educational means (namely, the Party schools and press) to which it resorted. The third chapter focuses on the policies and the organisations that were specifically geared to young women. In addition, it discusses the education regarding love and sex that was fostered within the Communist youth organisations, and the ideas of masculinity, femininity and morality that were inherent in it. The fourth and final chapter endeavours to outline the identities and mentality of the different generations of Communist militants who were politically socialised in the early post-war period. The thesis draws on a variety of sources, such as documents of the PC! and the Italian National Archives, a number of Communist magazines and pamphlets, sociological surveys, memoirs of, and interviews with, former militants.
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8

Mattos, Andre Luiz Rodrigues de Rossi [UNESP]. "Radicalismo de esquerda e anticomunismo radical: a União Nacional dos Estudantes entre 1945 e 1964." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/93354.

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Em diferentes períodos, a União Nacional dos Estudantes (UNE) esteve em evidência no cenário político brasileiro, envolvida, como participante ou protagonista, em temas e movimentos que agitaram a sociedade brasileira. Entretanto, o papel que essa entidade desempenhou em nome do movimento universitário nesses cenários não pode ser entendido como expressões militantes de um movimento suspenso ou desconexo das disputas em torno de determinadas demandas, homogêneo, destituído de cisões, disputas e predominâncias políticas e ideológicas que grupos, organizações e partidos exerceram um sobre outros no seu interior e no conjunto das suas relações. Assim, é possível identificar a atuação de diferentes forças políticas na UNE e movimento universitário, forças essas que intervieram de modo organizado em defesa de suas crenças e repertórios. Dentre essas, destacam-se os jovens comunistas, os udenistas, socialistas, católicos e anticomunistas radicais, grupos, organizações e partidos que contribuíram ou se opuseram aos repertórios predominantes na atuação da UNE. A partir dessas identificações, o objetivo do presente estudo é analisar a atuação da União Nacional dos Estudantes (UNE) entre os anos de 1945 e de 1964, com ênfase nas forças políticas que atuaram no interior do movimento universitário e que disputaram espaços para que pudessem se expressar por meio das entidades estudantis, o que em última instância se considerou como maneiras de legitimar práticas e crenças expressas nos repertórios sugeridos ao conjunto do movimento
In different periods, the National Union of Students (UNE, in Portuguese) was evident in the political scene, involved as a participant or protagonist in themes and movements that shook Brazilian society. However the role played by this entity in name of the university movement in these scenarios cannot be understood as militant expressions of a suspended or disconnected from disputes movement around certain demands, or as a homogeneous, destitute of scission, disputes and political and ideological predominance team that other groups, organizations and parties exerted one over the others inside of the group and in all their relationships. Thus it is possible to identify the role of different political forces in UNE and in the university movement and these forces intervened in an organized way in defense of their beliefs and repertoires. Among all of these we highlight the young communists, the udenistas, socialists, Catholics and radical anti-communists, groups, organizations and parties that contributed to or opposed to the predominant repertoires in UNE actions. From these identifications, the objective of this study is to analyze the performance of the National Union of Students between the years 1945 and 1964, with emphasis on groups, organizations and parties who acted inside the university movement and disputed areas so that they could express themselves by means of student organizations, which ultimately was considered as ways of legitimizing practices and beliefs expressed in the repertoires suggested to the whole movement
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Le, Roux Cornelius Johannes Brink. "Umkhonto we Sizwe its role in the ANC's onslaught against white domination in South Africa, 1961-1988 /." Pretoria : [s.n.], 1992. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-06232009-103157.

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10

Bernardinis, Silvia de. "O programa econômico dos comunistas na Itália nos governos de unidade nacional (1943-1947)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8137/tde-03092013-092459/.

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Анотація:
A presente dissertação tem como objeto a análise das propostas de política econômica do Partido comunista italiano de 1943 a 1947. O período analisado marca a transição do regime fascista à construção da república democrática e representa a única experiência de governo do partido ao longo de sua história. A partir do debate sobre o capitalismo italiano desenvolvido pelo partido, a pesquisa buscou identificar algumas das razões que originaram o fracasso de sua ação nos governos de unidade nacional num dos períodos que, por outro lado, registrou um forte enraizamento social do partido. Destacou-se, principalmente, o instrumental teórico subjacente à estratégia adoptada pelos comunistas italianos neste período, a democracia progressiva, como instrumento privilegiado para realizar a via italiana ao socialismo, uma alternativa ao processo revolucionário da Rússia de 1917 e ao mesmo tempo não assimilável à tradição da socialdemocracia europeia. Buscou-se detectar os entraves e as aporias teóricas que tal estratégia colocou na atuação governamental do partido, em particular no que diz respeito à elaboração de duas substanciais reformas, agrária e industrial. Identificou-se no moderantismo do partido a incapacidade de formular mantendo-se dentro da teoria marxista, mas ao mesmo tempo afastando-se do socialismo soviético um claro projeto econômico alternativo às propostas e projetos de reformas de tipo keynesiano que no mesmo período outros países europeus experimentavam.
This dissertation focuses the analysis on economic policy proposals of the Italian Communist Party from 1943 to 1947. The sample period marks the transition from the Fascist regime to the construction of a democratic republic and represent the only government experience of the party throughout its history. From the debate about capitalism development by the Italian party, the survey tried to identify some of the reasons that led to the failure of his action in national unity governments in a period, on the other hand, that recorded a strong social roots of the party. The survey highlighted mainly the theoretical tool underlying the strategy adopted by the Italian Communists in this period, the \"progressive democracy\" as a privileged instrument to perform the \"italian way to socialism\", an alternative to the revolutionary process of russian 1917 and at the same time different from the tradition of European social democracy. We attempted to detect obstacles and theoretical aporias that such a strategy put in the party´s performance in the government implementation, in particular with regard to the development of two substantial reforms, the agrarian and industrial ones. The research identified in the \"moderantismo\" party\'s the inability to formulate in a marxist theory perspective, but at the same time moving away from Soviet socialism - a clear alternative economic project to keynesian proposals and reform projects type that in the same period other European countries were experiencing.
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Книги з теми "Communist resistance"

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Wang, Ray. Resistance Under Communist China. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14148-6.

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Communist resistance in Nazi Germany. London: Lawrence and Wishart, 1986.

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Merson, A. L. Communist resistance in Nazi Germany. London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1985.

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Merson, Allan. Communist resistance in Nazi Germany. London: Lawrence and Wishart, 1985.

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Alexiev, Alex. Marxism and resistance in the Third World: Cause and effect. Santa Monica, CA: Rand, 1989.

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Repression and resistance in Communist Europe. New York: RoutledgeCurzon, 2003.

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Price, R. B. E. Resistance in Colonial and Communist China, 1950–1963. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429424335.

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Asavei, Maria Alina. Art, Religion and Resistance in (Post-)Communist Romania. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56255-7.

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A history of the Cambodian non-Communist resistance, 1975-1983. Clayton, Vic., Australia: Centre of Southeast Asian Studies, Monash University, 1991.

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Church militant: Bishop Kung and Catholic resistance in Communist Shanghai. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 2011.

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Частини книг з теми "Communist resistance"

1

Wiegersma, Nancy. "The Nationalist-Communist Resistance." In Vietnam: Peasant Land, Peasant Revolution, 87–110. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-09970-2_5.

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Wang, Ray. "Introduction." In Resistance Under Communist China, 1–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14148-6_1.

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Wang, Ray. "Facilitating Activism in a Strong Authoritarian State." In Resistance Under Communist China, 35–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14148-6_2.

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Wang, Ray. "China’s Religious Affairs Policy." In Resistance Under Communist China, 73–99. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14148-6_3.

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Wang, Ray. "United Front Work and Religious Affairs Institutions." In Resistance Under Communist China, 101–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14148-6_4.

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Wang, Ray. "A Tale of Four Cities: Transnational Christian Activism in the Heartland." In Resistance Under Communist China, 129–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14148-6_5.

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Wang, Ray. "Buddha Versus Jesus: The Transnationalism of Traditional Religions." In Resistance Under Communist China, 157–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14148-6_6.

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Wang, Ray. "Go Beyond Religion and China." In Resistance Under Communist China, 191–224. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14148-6_7.

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Wang, Ray. "Conclusion." In Resistance Under Communist China, 225–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14148-6_8.

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Price, R. B. E. "Communist anatomy." In Resistance in Colonial and Communist China, 1950–1963, 1–22. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429424335-1.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Communist resistance"

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Zhang, Ting. "A Study on the Communist Party of China’s Expressions in Discourse on Women’s Liberation During the War of Resistance Against Japan: Taking the Xinhua Daily as an Example." In 2021 6th International Conference on Social Sciences and Economic Development (ICSSED 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210407.018.

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Ikemoto, Yu, Wenwei Yu, and Jun Inoue. "An artificial reflex improves the perturbation-resistance of normal and spastic walking - A simulation study -." In the Community (ICORR). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icorr.2009.5209553.

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Pizzuti, Clara, and Annalisa Socievole. "An Effective Resistance based Genetic Algorithm for Community Detection." In 13th International Conference on Evolutionary Computation Theory and Applications. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0010644300003063.

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"Community Resistance Agains Development (A Case Study of Community Agains Jatigede Water Reservoir Construction)." In International Social Science, Humanity and Education Research Congress. Eminent Association of Pioneers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.17758/eap.eph716035.

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Sivesind, Evan. "The Iowa Pest Resistance Management Plan: A community-based approach to address pest resistance in Iowa." In Proceedings of the 28th Annual Integrated Crop Management Conference. Iowa State University, Digital Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/icm-180809-238.

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Waluyo, Lud. "The Consortium of Microbial Decomposers on Heavy Metal Resistant Waste to Improve Environmental Health." In International Conference on Community Development (ICCD 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201017.088.

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Udeanu, DI, CE Diaconu, AL Arsene, D. Drăgănescu, and M. Ghica. "NP-003 Antibiotic resistance in community-acquired pneumonia: a romanian experience." In 24th EAHP Congress, 27th–29th March 2019, Barcelona, Spain. British Medical Journal Publishing Group, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ejhpharm-2019-eahpconf.628.

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Akella, S., B. Bhandari, and G. Abraham. "Community Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) Meningitis." In American Thoracic Society 2019 International Conference, May 17-22, 2019 - Dallas, TX. American Thoracic Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2019.199.1_meetingabstracts.a6593.

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Kapoor, Rama, Saima B. Memon, Marty Allen, Timothy Wiemken, Jose Bordon, Julio Ramirez, and Forest Arnold. "Risk Factors For Community-Acquired Pneumonia Caused By Community-Associated Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus." In American Thoracic Society 2010 International Conference, May 14-19, 2010 • New Orleans. American Thoracic Society, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2010.181.1_meetingabstracts.a5490.

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Machiroutu, Sridhar V., Himanshu Pokharna, and Masahiro Kuroda. "Challenges and Advances of Heat Pipes in Cooling Notebook Systems." In ASME 2007 InterPACK Conference collocated with the ASME/JSME 2007 Thermal Engineering Heat Transfer Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2007-33249.

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Notebooks represent an increasing percentage of PC client market with growth surpassing that of desktop computers. Heat pipe has been an integral part of notebook computer system cooling and will remain so for the foreseeable future. Heat pipe allows for efficient transport of heat from the CPU and other high power components to a location where there is more room for accommodating motherboard cutout for a fan and a heat exchanger. The thermal resistance along this path must be minimized to enable maximum cooling. This paper first briefly describes the contributing resistance in a heat pipe and ways to measure them for a notebook thermal solution. Since there are several parameters that can affect the performance of the heat pipes, we use an experimental procedure utilizing DOE (Design of Experiments) to first understand the sensitivities of these design, manufacturing and usage parameters on performance and then to arrive at an optimum level of these parameters to minimize various resistances in a heat pipe. We show that for various different wick technologies, it is possible to optimize the heat pipes to achieve an evaporator performance of the level of 0.1 C-cm2/W. Furthermore, we show some simple design rules to minimize the condenser resistance and also results of a design study to optimize the design of heat pipe block at the CPU end to minimize the evaporator resistance. We want to encourage the heat pipe vendor community to use these methods to optimize their products for performance as well as process enhancements to produce higher performing parts, at lower cost.
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Звіти організацій з теми "Communist resistance"

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Rosa-Mangeret, Flavia, Otis Olela, Francisca Barcos-Munoz, Noemie Wagner, Olivier Duperrex, Marc Dupuis, and Riccardo E. Pfister. Drug Resistant Bacterial Neonatal Early Onset Sepsis in Africa: A 20 year- prevalence review and metanalysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.1.0112.

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Review question / Objective: What is the prevalence of drug-resistant pathogens associated with neonatal Early Onset Sepsis (NEOS) in the African continent and their likelihood of resistance to commonly used antibiotics in the NEOS, and what is the trend through time? Condition being studied: There is no consensus on the definition of neonatal sepsis. Two main categories of neonatal sepsis are widely accepted: early-onset sepsis (EOS) defined as occurring in the first 72 hours of life, hence representing perinatal vertical infection; and late-onset sepsis (LOS), which occurs between 72 hours to 28 days and can be hospital or community-acquired. Information sources: Pubmed, EMBASE, Web of Science. All authors from papers with missing information were contacted before article exclusion.
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Michel Jr., Frederick C., Harry A. J. Hoitink, Yitzhak Hadar, and Dror Minz. Microbial Communities Active in Soil-Induced Systemic Plant Disease Resistance. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2005.7586476.bard.

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Induced Systemic Resistance (ISR) is a highly variable property that can be induced by compost amendment of potting media and soils. For example, previous studies showed that only 1 of 79 potting mixes prepared with different batches of mature composts produced from several different types of solid wastes were able to suppress the severity of bacterial leaf spot of radish caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. armoraciae compared with disease on plants produced in a nonamended sphagnum peat mix. In this project, microbial consortia in the rhizosphere of plants grown in ISR-active compost-amended substrates were characterized. The plants used included primarily cucumber but also tomato and radish. Rhizosphere microbial consortia were characterized using multiple molecular tools including DGGE (Israel) and T -RFLP (Ohio) in both ISR-active field plots and potting media. Universal as well as population-specific bacterial and fungal PCR primers were utilized. T -RFLP analyses using universal bacterial primers showed few significant differences in overall bacterial community composition in ISR-active and inactive substrates (Ohio). In addition, the community members which were significantly different varied when different ISR-activecomposts were used (Ohio). To better characterize the shifts in microbial community structure during the development of ISR, population specific molecular tools were developed (Israel, Ohio).-PCR primers were designed to detect and quantify bacterial groups including Pyrenomycetes, Bacillus, Pan toea, Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas and Streptomyces as well as Trichoderma and Fusarium; two groups of fungi that harbor isolates which are ISR active (Isreal and Ohio). Bacterial consortia associated with cucumber plants grown in compost-amended potting mixtures were shown to be dominated by the phylogenetic taxon Bacteroidetes, including members of the genus Chryseobacterium, which in some cases have been shown to be involved in biocontrol (Israel). Nested-PCR-DGGE analyses coupled with long l6S rDNA sequencing, demonstrated that the Chryseobacteriumspp. detected on seed and the root in compost-amended treatments were derived from the compost itself. The most effective ISR inducing rhizobacterial strains were identified as Bacillus sp. based on partial sequencing of l6S rDNA. However, these strains were significantly less effective in reducing the severity of disease than Trichoderma hamatum382 (T382). A procedure was developed for inoculation of a compost-amended substrate with T -382 which consistently induced ISR in cucumber against Phytophthora blight caused by Phytophthora capsiciand in radish against bacterial spot (Ohio). Inoculation of compost-amended potting mixes with biocontrol agents such as T -382 and other microbes that induce systemic resistance in plants significantly increased the frequency of systemic disease control obtained with natural compost amendments.
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Tuck, Janna. A Beer Party and Watermelon: The Archaeology of Community and Resistance at CCC Camp Zigzag, Company 928, Zigzag, Oregon, 1933-1942. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.5839.

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zhang, Ziyu, Yingqiao Wang, Ziyun Jiang, Yuan Tang, Luyao Liu, and Xun Li. Thought Imprint Psychotherapy in a lowed resistance state(TIP) for Depression: A Systematic Review Based on RCT. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.4.0076.

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Review question / Objective: The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Thought Imprint Psychotherapy in a lowed resistance state(TIP) for depression. Condition being studied: Depression is a kind of mental disease which is characterized by low mood and loss of interesting in daily life, accompanied by disturbance of appetite, sleep disturbance, psychomotor, retardation or agitation, loss of energy, feeling of worthlessness and guilt, difficulty in thinking and even recurrent thought of death or suicide. According to WHO, more than 320 million people are suffering from depression, which had caused great financial burden. It affects all kinds of people and all aspects of life, including performance at school, productivity at work, relationships with family and friends, and ability to participate in the community.
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Hood, Sula, Brittany Campbell, and Katie Baker. Culturally Informed Community Engagement: Implications for Inclusive Science and Health Equity. RTI Press, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2023.op.0083.2301.

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Анотація:
Public health efforts seeking to reduce disparities and promote equity must be inclusive to reach their full potential. Interventions, programs, and initiatives designed to promote health equity among Communities of Color must be culturally informed. Communities and the cultural values and practices that shape them are closely intertwined, creating opportunities for a more intentional approach to community engagement. Yosso’s framework of Community Cultural Wealth (CCW) emphasizes six forms of capital that People and Communities of Color use to thrive and succeed: social, navigational, linguistic, familial, resistant, and aspirational. We anchor our approach—culturally informed community engagement—in the core tenets of CCW. This paper discusses CCW and its applicability and utility for facilitating culturally informed community engagement in health research. In our approach, asset-based frameworks intersect with community engagement, CCW, and principles of health equity. We discuss how applying CCW to conducting community-engaged research promotes health equity, inclusive science, and authentic relationships with community partners. Lastly, we provide applied examples of community-engaged interventions that leverage cultural assets in Communities of Color to reduce disparities and promote health equity.
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Contreras Salamanca, Luz Briyid, and Yon Garzón Ávila. Generational Lagging of Dignitaries, Main Cause of Technological Gaps in Community Leaders. Analysis of Generation X and Boomers from the Technology Acceptance Model. Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22490/ecacen.4709.

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Community and neighborhood organizations are in the process of renewing the organizational culture, considering technological environments in the way of training, and advancing communally, being competitive in adaptation and learning, creating new solutions, promoting change, and altering the status quo, based on the advancement of technology over the last few years, currently applied in most organizations. The decisive factor is the ability of true leaders to appropriate the Technological Acceptance Model –TAM– principles, participating in programs and projects, adopting new technologies from the different actors involved, contributing to the welfare of each community. There is, however, a relative resistance to the use of technology as support in community management, due to the generational differences in leaders and dignitaries, according to collected reports in this study, in relation to the age range of dignitaries –Generation X and Baby Boomers predominate–. They present a challenge to digital inclusion with difficulties related to age, cognitive, sensory, difficulty in developing skills, and abilities required in Digital Technologies, necessary to face new scenarios post-pandemic and, in general, the need to use technological facilities.
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Bezerra, Alexandre Sacchetti, Flavia Altheman Loureiro, Carla Maria Pasquareli Vazquez, Afonso Cesar Polimanti, and Rafi Felicio Bauab Dauar. Empiric Treatment of Foot Infection in Patients with Severe Diabetes. Science Repository, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31487/j.jicoa.2021.04.04.

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Background: Despite being treated with antibiotics of broad spectrum recommended by International Consensus, severe diabetic patients with lower limb infection do not present a positive clinical evolution during empirical treatment. This study’s bacterial profile was analysed and compared with other worldwide hospital centers. Objective: To confirm the need of an individualized empirical treatment for severe diabetic patients with foot infection. Methods: Retrospective analysis of cultures and antibiograms of severe diabetic patients admitted by foot infection. Results: The results were consistent with the socioeconomic realities of developing countries. Gram-negative bacteria (52,11%) were present in most bone cultures. Results presented a high incidence of Enterococcus faecalis in both gram-positive (21,2%) and polymicrobial (34,7%) samples. Bacterial resistance with the use of ordinary antibiotics in the statistical analysis was high. Conclusion: The community infections should undergo broad spectrum empirical therapy combining amikacin (80,43%) or meropenem (72,00%) with gram-negative and vancomycin (100%) or teicoplanin (90,00%) or linezolid (74,19%) with gram-positive.
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Hessini, Leila. Living on a Fault Line: Political Violence Against Women in Algeria. Population Council, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy1996.1005.

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This study raises three questions to better comprehend the crisis women face in Algeria today: how are the state and the opposition groups addressing and defining women’s contemporary status, what is the link between women’s status and violence against them, and what are the tactics both of resistance and accommodation that Algerian women are using to survive in such a context? Throughout this study, the term “Islamic Fundamentalists” refers to movements and people in Algeria who use the “recovery” of early principles of the Ideal Muslim Community to develop their idea of a future Islamic “social order,” with the ultimate desire of achieving political power, often using violent means. This study discusses the general characteristic of these movements and the surge of political Islam in post-independence Algeria. This study investigates how violence—or the threat thereof—has become acceptable as a legitimate instrument to control women and force them to conform to a vision of an “Ideal Islamic Society.” As this report states, this type of violence, unlike state violence, is exclusively perpetuated by members of militant Islamist movements.
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Crowley, David E., Dror Minz, and Yitzhak Hadar. Shaping Plant Beneficial Rhizosphere Communities. United States Department of Agriculture, July 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7594387.bard.

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PGPR bacteria include taxonomically diverse bacterial species that function for improving plant mineral nutrition, stress tolerance, and disease suppression. A number of PGPR are being developed and commercialized as soil and seed inoculants, but to date, their interactions with resident bacterial populations are still poorly understood, and-almost nothing is known about the effects of soil management practices on their population size and activities. To this end, the original objectives of this research project were: 1) To examine microbial community interactions with plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and their plant hosts. 2) To explore the factors that affect PGPR population size and activity on plant root surfaces. In our original proposal, we initially prqposed the use oflow-resolution methods mainly involving the use of PCR-DGGE and PLFA profiles of community structure. However, early in the project we recognized that the methods for studying soil microbial communities were undergoing an exponential leap forward to much more high resolution methods using high-throughput sequencing. The application of these methods for studies on rhizosphere ecology thus became a central theme in these research project. Other related research by the US team focused on identifying PGPR bacterial strains and examining their effective population si~es that are required to enhance plant growth and on developing a simulation model that examines the process of root colonization. As summarized in the following report, we characterized the rhizosphere microbiome of four host plant species to determine the impact of the host (host signature effect) on resident versus active communities. Results of our studies showed a distinct plant host specific signature among wheat, maize, tomato and cucumber, based on the following three parameters: (I) each plant promoted the activity of a unique suite of soil bacterial populations; (2) significant variations were observed in the number and the degree of dominance of active populations; and (3)the level of contribution of active (rRNA-based) populations to the resident (DNA-based) community profiles. In the rhizoplane of all four plants a significant reduction of diversity was observed, relative to the bulk soil. Moreover, an increase in DNA-RNA correspondence indicated higher representation of active bacterial populations in the residing rhizoplane community. This research demonstrates that the host plant determines the bacterial community composition in its immediate vicinity, especially with respect to the active populations. Based on the studies from the US team, we suggest that the effective population size PGPR should be maintained at approximately 105 cells per gram of rhizosphere soil in the zone of elongation to obtain plant growth promotion effects, but emphasize that it is critical to also consider differences in the activity based on DNA-RNA correspondence. The results ofthis research provide fundamental new insight into the composition ofthe bacterial communities associated with plant roots, and the factors that affect their abundance and activity on root surfaces. Virtually all PGPR are multifunctional and may be expected to have diverse levels of activity with respect to production of plant growth hormones (regulation of root growth and architecture), suppression of stress ethylene (increased tolerance to drought and salinity), production of siderophores and antibiotics (disease suppression), and solubilization of phosphorus. The application of transcriptome methods pioneered in our research will ultimately lead to better understanding of how management practices such as use of compost and soil inoculants can be used to improve plant yields, stress tolerance, and disease resistance. As we look to the future, the use of metagenomic techniques combined with quantitative methods including microarrays, and quantitative peR methods that target specific genes should allow us to better classify, monitor, and manage the plant rhizosphere to improve crop yields in agricultural ecosystems. In addition, expression of several genes in rhizospheres of both cucumber and whet roots were identified, including mostly housekeeping genes. Denitrification, chemotaxis and motility genes were preferentially expressed in wheat while in cucumber roots bacterial genes involved in catalase, a large set of polysaccharide degradation and assimilatory sulfate reduction genes were preferentially expressed.
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Heinz, Kevin, Itamar Glazer, Moshe Coll, Amanda Chau, and Andrew Chow. Use of multiple biological control agents for control of western flower thrips. United States Department of Agriculture, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7613875.bard.

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Анотація:
The western flower thrips (WFT), Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), is a serious widespread pest of vegetable and ornamental crops worldwide. Chemical control for Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on floriculture or vegetable crops can be difficult because this pest has developed resistance to many insecticides and also tends to hide within flowers, buds, and apical meristems. Predatory bugs, predatory mites, and entomopathogenic nematodes are commercially available in both the US and Israel for control of WFT. Predatory bugs, such as Orius species, can suppress high WFT densities but have limited ability to attack thrips within confined plant parts. Predatory mites can reach more confined habitats than predatory bugs, but kill primarily first-instar larvae of thrips. Entomopathogenic nematodes can directly kill or sterilize most thrips stages, but have limited mobility and are vulnerable to desiccation in certain parts of the crop canopy. However, simultaneous use of two or more agents may provide both effective and cost efficient control of WFT through complimentary predation and/or parasitism. The general goal of our project was to evaluate whether suppression of WFT could be enhanced by inundative or inoculative releases of Orius predators with either predatory mites or entomopathogenic nematodes. Whether pest suppression is best when single or multiple biological control agents are used, is an issue of importance to the practice of biological control. For our investigations in Texas, we used Orius insidiosus(Say), the predatory mite, Amblyseius degeneransBerlese, and the predatory mite, Amblyseius swirskii(Athias-Henriot). In Israel, the research focused on Orius laevigatus (Fieber) and the entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema felpiae. Our specific objectives were to: (1) quantify the spatial distribution and population growth of WFT and WFT natural enemies on greenhouse roses (Texas) and peppers (Israel), (2) assess interspecific interactions among WFT natural enemies, (3) measure WFT population suppression resulting from single or multiple species releases. Revisions to our project after the first year were: (1) use of A. swirskiiin place of A. degeneransfor the majority of our predatory mite and Orius studies, (2) use of S. felpiaein place of Thripinema nicklewoodi for all of the nematode and Orius studies. We utilized laboratory experiments, greenhouse studies, field trials and mathematical modeling to achieve our objectives. In greenhouse trials, we found that concurrent releases of A.degeneranswith O. insidiosusdid not improve control of F. occidentalis on cut roses over releases of only O. insidiosus. Suppression of WFT by augmentative releases A. swirskiialone was superior to augmentative releases of O. insidiosusalone and similar to concurrent releases of both predator species on cut roses. In laboratory studies, we discovered that O. insidiosusis a generalist predator that ‘switches’ to the most abundant prey and will kill significant numbers of A. swirskiior A. degeneransif WFTbecome relatively less abundant. Our findings indicate that intraguild interactions between Orius and Amblyseius species could hinder suppression of thrips populations and combinations of these natural enemies may not enhance biological control on certain crops. Intraguild interactions between S. felpiaeand O. laevigatus were found to be more complex than those between O. insidiosusand predatory mites. In laboratory studies, we found that S. felpiaecould infect and kill either adult or immature O. laevigatus. Although adult O. laevigatus tended to avoid areas infested by S. felpiaein Petri dish arenas, they did not show preference between healthy WFT and WFT infected with S. felpiaein choice tests. In field cage trials, suppression of WFT on sweet-pepper was similar in treatments with only O. laevigatus or both O. laevigatus and S. felpiae. Distribution and numbers of O. laevigatus on pepper plants also did not differ between cages with or without S. felpiae. Low survivorship of S. felpiaeafter foliar applications to sweet-pepper may explain, in part, the absence of effects in the field trials. Finally, we were interested in how differential predation on different developmental stages of WFT (Orius feeding on WFT nymphs inhabiting foliage and flowers, nematodes that attack prepupae and pupae in the soil) affects community dynamics. To better understand these interactions, we constructed a model based on Lotka-Volterra predator-prey theory and our simulations showed that differential predation, where predators tend to concentrate on one WFT stage contribute to system stability and permanence while predators that tend to mix different WFT stages reduce system stability and permanence.
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