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Статті в журналах з теми "Collective AIDS model"
1
Strasser, Sheryl, Christine Stauber, Ritu Shrivastava, Patricia Riley, and Karen O’Quin. "Collective insights of public-private partnership impacts and sustainability: A qualitative analysis." PLOS ONE 16, no. 7 (July 20, 2021): e0254495. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254495.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The global Coronavirus or COVID-19 pandemic exposed the weakness of healthcare systems including laboratory systems and is a call to action for unprecedented collaboration and partnerships to deal with the global crisis. The United States (U.S.) President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) establishes the global HIV/AIDS treatment agenda in alignment with the UNAIDS 90-90-90 treatment targets to achieve epidemic control related to enhanced testing, treatment, and viral suppression. A strategic PEPFAR priority area recognizes that large-scale collective efforts and sharing of resources bear greater potential impact for lasting change than any single organization or entity can achieve alone. An important vehicle utilized within the global public health context is the public-private partnership (PPP) model whereby multiple international organizations forge unified project charters to collectively reach mutually agreed goals. While touted as an ideal mechanism to synthesize resources and maximize gain in numerous applications, little is known from a seasoned stakeholder perspective regarding PPP implementation and sustainability issues. The purpose of this research is to holistically examine perceptions of PPP model sustainability related to inputs and impacts among a collective network of stakeholders experienced with PEPFAR workforce development, laboratory-system strengthening project implementation. Interviews were conducted with frontline stakeholders from public and private sector organizations based in the US and select PEPFAR-supported priority countries. Analysis revealed three dominant themes: PPP impacts, keys of successful collaboration, and logistical challenges and opportunities to enhance sustainability of PPP outcomes in the future.
2
Catlin, Jonathon. "When does an epidemic become a ‘crisis’? Analogies between Covid-19 and HIV/AIDS in American public memory." Memory Studies 14, no. 6 (December 2021): 1445–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17506980211054355.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This article critically interrogates historical analogies made between the Covid-19 pandemic and HIV/AIDS epidemic in American public discourse, highlighting the role of cultural memory and normative frameworks of ‘crisis’ and its temporalities in shaping collective responses. It situates the Covid-19 pandemic in a multidirectional mnemonic frame by analysing borrowings from other usable pasts, particularly the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the United States, which in turn drew upon memory of the Holocaust. A reading of Susan Sontag’s ‘The Way We Live Now’ affirms the value of multidirectional cultural borrowing while also revealing its limits. Notably, the ever-growing AIDS Memorial Quilt may serve as a model for memorializing victims of Covid-19. While analogies between pandemics may be comforting or mobilizing, their meaning must remain open to contestation and also preserve particularities and differences. The history of HIV/AIDS centres the question, ‘crisis for whom?’ and cautions against prematurely declaring the ‘end’ of the Covid-19 pandemic.
3
Sahayam, Binu, and Maya Rathnasabapathy. "Challenges faced by people living with HIV/AIDS during COVID-19 pandemic in India." Journal of Practice Teaching and Learning 19, no. 1-2 (July 24, 2022): 198–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1921/jpts.v19i1-2.1705.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
HIV/AIDS is considered as one of the most demanding public health problems faced by the country. It is a public threat and needs collective efforts in addressing the issue. In this line, a study was conducted among 30 people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) in Chennai, Tamilnadu, India to study the challenges faced by women living with HIV/AIDS during the lockdown COVID 19 Pandemic in India. The data was collected with the support of the International Alliance for the Prevention of AIDS (IAPA) India, Chennai. In this study, descriptive research design and Simple random (lottery method) sampling technique was adopted. The researcher designed a questionnaire comprising both structured and semi structured questions along with “Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) – 21 item” standardized scale to obtain the data. The study shows that 76.7 percent of the respondents felt depressed because they do not have income to support their family needs and 53.3% shared that they are living in fear of HIV/AIDS and now during lockdown fear of survival is another painful one. Social work revolves around service, but is inherently interdisciplinary in nature. In this study Seven-Stage Crisis Intervention Model by Albert R. Roberts and Allen J. Ottens, was used for intervention. It was found after intervention that the p value of Depression, Anxiety and Stress is 0.00, which is less than the significance level of 0.05, hence the null hypothesis is rejected. Thus the results after the intervention showed that there was a visible decrease in their depression, stress and anxiety level.
Keywords: HIV/AIDS, COVID 19 Pandemic, Depression, Social Work Interventions
4
Sanabria, Guillermo Vega. "Science, stigmatisation and afro-pessimism in the South African debate on AIDS." Vibrant: Virtual Brazilian Anthropology 13, no. 1 (June 2016): 22–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-43412016v13n1p022.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Summary This paper examines how certain assumptions concerning sexual behaviour, race and nationality emerge at the core of explanations regarding the origin of HIV. In particular, it returns to discussions of the so-called "AIDS debate" in South Africa in the 2000s. On the one hand, it focuses on how these assumptions reinforce the understanding of AIDS as stigma and "social problem", to the extent that they emphasise the existence of geographical areas and "risk groups". On the other, these same assumptions are examined in the light of processes of identification and belonging, given that in the majority of reports, both academic and popular, "Africans" and "Africa" are inexorably understood in pessimistic terms. The purpose is to show how certain aspects of the South African debate refer to the way the global history of AIDS has been constructed over the past three decades. An exhaustive historiographical reconstruction is not attempted here, rather by returning to some works on the genesis of the epidemic, the paper highlights the individual and collective stigmatisation related to the public health discourse on AIDS, particularly such notions as "risk", "exposure" and "vulnerability". The proposal is such notions are strongly informed by a moral sense that traverses the dominant cognitive model in the approaches to the global epidemic and the AIDS debate in South Africa. The last part of the article focuses on the tensions that emerge between the explanations of experts from the field of public health and the contributions of social scientists, particularly anthropologists, frequently questioned for their alleged cultural relativism.
5
Zorzenon Dos Santos, Rita Maria. "Using Cellular Automata to Learn About the Immune System." International Journal of Modern Physics C 09, no. 06 (September 1998): 793–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183198000716.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Cellular automata are very simple systems that can exhibit complex dynamics on its time evolution. Over the last decade there have been many applications of cellular automata to modeling of biological systems. Those applications have been stimulated by the study of complex systems which has brought many insights into the cooperative and global behavior of the biological systems. Along with this discussion we present two different applications of deterministic and also of probabilistic cellular automata that are used to model the dynamics involved in cooperative and collective behavior of the immune system. In the first example, we use a deterministic cellular automata to model the time evolution of the immune repertoire, as a network, according to the Jerne's theory. Using this model we could reproduce some recent experimental results about immunization and aging of the immune system. In the second example, we use a probabilistic cellular automata model to study the evolution of HIV infection and the onset of AIDS. The results are in excellent agreement with experimental data obtained from infected patients. Besides the examples above, other interesting applications, such as models for cancer and recurrent epidemics, are being considered in the present framework.
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Hesselager, Lise. "National Collections of Printed Ephemera - Those Papers of the Day with Special Reference to the Scandinavian Model." Alexandria: The Journal of National and International Library and Information Issues 6, no. 3 (December 1994): 193–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095574909400600304.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
There is no general agreement on the definition of the term ‘printed ephemera’. For the purpose of this article it is defined as (1) material issued by corporate bodies describing the current activities of those bodies and (2) material of small size. Owing to the legal deposit legislation of Scandinavian countries, dating back to the 17th century, these countries all have two or more national collections of ephemera. A distinction is made between ‘printed ephemera’ and ‘grey literature’, which is of recent date, and which developed as a result of modern society's need for speedy communication and developments in reprography. A half-library, half-archival system is appropriate for dealing with ephemera. The library tradition of splitting up material into subject groups may be combined with the archival system of arranging material according to provenance. Archival finding aids such as subject guides and indices and archival methods of collective description are appropriate as a general principle, but this should not exclude bibliographic records when such records are needed.
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Sarkar, Swati. "A Model to Analytical Support for Detection and Investigation Planning in a Crime Cases." East African Scholars Journal of Economics, Business and Management 5, no. 7 (August 19, 2022): 181–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.36349/easjebm.2022.v05i07.004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The protection of citizens and their ability to exercise their rights and freedoms are key indicators of the success of law enforcement authorities, which the public continuously assesses. One of the strategic resources of the life of modern society is various information. Computer networks, geographical information systems, means of tactical forecasting of crimes, numerous integrated databases are already widely applied in the activities of the law enforcement agencies. Despite this, the main information resource for forensic purposes represented by the information arrays of the forensic registration system still remains a repository of heterogeneous data, the collective use of which causes significant organizational and technical difficulties. Information and analytical support for the disclosure and investigation of crimes is aimed at obtaining an analytical information product about the structure, hierarchy, and composition of criminal groups, about the commodity and cash flows and relations of individuals and legal entities, about their joint criminal activities, about the unidentified circumstances of the events of the crime to be proven. Implementing cumulative object and trace inspections on various information arrays aids in establishing the missing details of the crime event.
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Thorgren, Sara, and Adesuwa Omorede. "Passionate Leaders in Social Entrepreneurship: Exploring an African Context." Business & Society 57, no. 3 (October 26, 2015): 481–524. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0007650315612070.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Nonstate actors such as social enterprises are increasingly influential for addressing pressing social needs in sub-Saharan Africa. Moving responsibility from the state to private entrepreneurs calls for a greater understanding of how single individuals achieve their social mission in a context characterized by acute poverty and where informal institutions, such as trust and collective norms, are strong governance mechanisms. This study recognizes the role of leader passion as a key element for gaining people’s trust in the social enterprise leader and the social mission. Qualitative data were collected on 37 leaders of Nigerian social enterprises in arenas such as health, women’s rights, children’s rights, AIDS/HIV care and education, and sustainable development. Drawing on 100 semistructured interviews, the authors develop an inductive model illustrating how leader passion interrelates with the social enterprise organizing and outcomes.
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Sommer, Irene, Karin Larsen, Carsten M. Nielsen, Britta V. Stenholt, and Ida Torunn Bjørk. "Improving Clinical Nurses’ Development of Supervision Skills through an Action Learning Approach." Nursing Research and Practice 2020 (February 19, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9483549.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of this study was to investigate action learning as an implementation method in a large-scale project with many participants in several autonomous and geographically spread groups. The focus of the implementation was the Model of Practical Skill Performance as a learning and supervision tool in the clinical education of nursing students. Nineteen action learning groups were established, and a total of 129 clinical supervisors and 13 facilitators were involved. To evaluate the implementation process, qualitative data were generated through three focus group interviews, questionnaires, and notes. Data illuminate clinical supervisors’ perceptions of value, impact, and sustainability when they participate in an action learning group to become familiar with the Model of Practical Skill Performance. The deductive data analysis was guided by central concepts from action learning. Action learning proved to be an engaging and effective tool in the implementation where the main strength seemed to be the autonomous local group supporting collective reflections on actions. Clinical supervisors had the right competences to adopt a reflective process-oriented approach, which is the hallmark of action learning. This study shows the necessity of collaboration between stakeholders in practice, education, and management to implement large-scale projects in clinical practice. The findings imply that managers should choose participants on the basis of their motivation and their voluntary wish to participate and that nurses’ immersion in the project over time aids implementation.
10
Gehlawat, Monika. "Baldwin and the Role of the Citizen Artist." James Baldwin Review 8, no. 1 (September 27, 2022): 108–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/jbr.8.6.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Using political and critical theory, this article identifies in James Baldwin a model for citizenship unique to the Black artist who assumed the dual responsibilities of art practice and political activism. I engage with Baldwin’s fiction and his writing about other Black artists working in theater, film, dance, and music during the period of the civil rights movement. Across his career, Baldwin’s prevailing view was that, because of their history, Black artists have the singular, and indeed superlative, capacity to make art as praxis. Baldwin explains that the craft of the Black artist depends upon representing truths, rather than fantasies, about their experience, so that they are at once artists pursuing freedom and citizens pursuing justice. This article pays particular attention to the tension between living a public, political life and the need for privacy to create art, and ultimately the toll this takes on the citizen artist. Baldwin demonstrates how the community of mutual support he finds among Black artists aids in their survival. In his writings on Sidney Poitier and Lorraine Hansberry, his friendships with Beauford Delaney and Josephine Baker, as well as his reviews of music and literature, Baldwin assembles a collective he refers to as “I and my tribe.”
Дисертації з теми "Collective AIDS model"
1
Holmquist, John. "NAVIGATION AIDS IN ROUTE TRAINING: INCREASE NAVIGATION SPEED, DECREASE ROUTE RETENTION?" Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2005. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4014.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the case of one car following another to a destination, it is very effective at getting the second vehicle to the destination quickly; however, the driver of the second car may not learn the route. Yet, for individuals, such as firefighters, law enforcement, and military personnel, it is imperative that a route be learned quickly and accurately and that an awareness of the situation is maintained while they traverse the given route. This leads to three questions, (a) will navigation aids affect initial route navigation; (b) will navigation aids affect retention; and (c) will navigation aids affect situation awareness while en route? The hypotheses of this study were that navigation aids would significantly increase the speed at which a person can initially navigate a route, but the use of the aids would significantly decrease the retention of the route navigated. The findings of this study support the hypotheses. The results suggest that participants that followed a confederate and participants that were given verbal directions were quicker and made fewer errors than participants that reviewed a map or initially figured the route out on their own (control group). The study also showed that as the participants navigated the route for a second time with no navigational assistance, the ones that reviewed a map or that were in the control group outperformed participants that initially had a confederate to follow or were given verbal directions their first time through. Finally, no real effects were found on the participants' situation awareness during the retention portion of the study.Ph.D.
Other
Engineering and Computer Science
Modeling and Simulation
2
Deveau, Mylène. "Étude d'un modele prédictif des comportements collectifs visant à venir en aide aux gens du Tiers-Monde." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0018/MQ47260.pdf.
Повний текст джерела
3
LoBasso, Thomas. "AN EVALUATION OF ENROLLMENT MANAGEMENT MODELS OF THE 28 FLORIDA COMMUNITY COLLEGES." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2005. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2503.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which enrollment management models have been successfully implemented within the 28 Florida community colleges. The study also sought to determine when enrollment management structures began and whether expected benefits were achieved. Analysis of the data collected in this study indicated the following five major findings. First, enrollment management concepts and practices have been implemented at some level within the 23 Florida community colleges surveyed. This was evident by the use of the word "enrollment" in the organizational titles as well as in the titles of the individuals who were responsible for the models. Second, enrollment management models reported were determined to be relatively new in comparison to four-year institutions. The literature on enrollment management demonstrated that four-year colleges began enrollment management practices in the early-to-mid 1970s. Much of the existing literature on enrollment management has been based on the experiences at four-year institutions. Third, some enrollment management divisions appeared to have key enrollment offices displaced. The key enrollment offices selected in this study were supported throughout the literature. Those offices represented were as follows: Admissions, Records and Registration, Financial aid, Orientation, and Advising. Fourth, increasing enrollment was the strongest reason for implementing the enrollment structure and subsequently was the strongest benefit realized. The anticipated decline in high school graduates, and the expectation of subsequent declining college enrollments during the 1970s, provided the impetus for the adoption of models of enrollment management. The fifth finding was that moving key enrollment offices such as financial aid into the enrollment management organizations would be an improvement to existing models. As enrollment management concepts are implemented into practice, the realignment of related offices may be necessary to effectively accomplish goals.Ed.D.
Department of Educational Research, Technology and Leadership
Education
Educational Leadership
4
BELETE, GETACHEW YIRGA. "CHILDREN'S RESOURCES, WELL-BEING AND SOCIAL PROTECTION: EVIDENCE FROM ETHIOPIA." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/995356.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The bargaining power of children has long been neglected in the literature since children have been considered as public or private goods for their parents. Given that they do not enter households by choice and generally bring little to household resources, children could be the most vulnerable to intrahousehold inequality although they may benefit from parental altruism. Recent collective household consumption models help recover the sharing rules of children using observation of some exclusive, privately-assigned expenditure and distribution factors. The sharing rules of children can then be used to analyze their monetary poverty. As well-being is multidimensional, it is also imperative to look at deprivations in other dimensions including health, nutrition, education and living standards. From a policy perspective as well, the role of social protection in affecting children's decisions and well-being is worth researching since understanding the responses to a program in terms of those outcomes provides com
5
Cameron, Jill. "A collective case study: How regular teachers provide inclusive education for severely and profoundly deaf students in regular schools in rural New South Wales." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/24990.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis reports a collective case study of the school educational experiences of five severely and profoundly deaf students who were enrolled in regular schools in rural areas of New South Wales. The students ranged in age from 6 to 18 years. Three issues were examined: (1) The impact of the philosophy of inclusive education and the question of why students with high degrees of deafness and high support needs were enrolled in regular schools in rural areas; (2) The specific linguistic an educational support needs of deaf students; and (3) The ability of the regular schools and teachers to cater for the educational needs of the deaf students in those settings. The case studies revealed that to considerably varying extents in different situations, the students were afforded inclusive educational opportunities. The extent of inclusiveness of students’ educational experiences was shown to vary according to a number of variables. The variables identified included: the type and quality of communication with the deaf student, teaching style, accessibility of content, particular lesson type, and the type and extent of curriculum adaptations employed. As a result of the analysis of the data from the five cases, a number of generalistions were possible. These generalisations were that (a) students with the ability to access spoken communication auditorily were more easily included than students using manual communication; (b) reduction of linguistic and academic input occurred as a response to student inability to access class programs because of reduced linguistic capabilities, resulting in the deaf students receiving different and reduced information to the hearing students; (c) communication between a deaf student and his or her class teacher needed to be direct for the most successful inclusion to occur; (d) teaching style needed to be interactive or experiential for successful language learning and literacy development to occur; (e) curriculum adaptations needed to involve provision of visual support for lesson material to be highly effective; (f) lessons/subjects easily supported by visual means, such as mathematics or practical subjects, when taught hierarchically, going from the known to unknown in achievable steps, meant teaching style could be either transmission or interactive, for lesson activities to be considered inclusive; (g) students with poor literacy skills were unable to successfully access an intact (i.e., unaltered and complete) high school curriculum; (h) the teaching style of the class teacher impacted on the support model possible for the itinerant teacher; (i) an interactive class teaching style allowed for cooperative teaching between class teacher and itinerant teacher who could then assist the class teacher with both the linguistic and academic needs of the deaf student; (j) a transmission style of teaching resulted in various levels of withdrawal for the deaf student unless the subject matter could be represented visually; (k) when curriculum content or expected outcomes were reduced, the deaf students did not have the same access to information as their hearing counterparts and consequently could not develop concepts or understandings in the same manner; and (l) language and literacy development were most facilitated when interactive teaching opportunities were established proactively for the deaf students rather than through the reduction of content as a response to their failure to successfully engage with the complete curriculum. The conclusions suggest an alternative support proposal for deaf students in rural environments. The model of support proposed involves the targeting of specific preschools and primary schools with the provision of teachers identified to teach collaboratively and interactively. Under the proposed model several students with impaired hearing would be located within the one school with the itinerant teacher position becoming a full-time appointment in that school. Such a model would enable coenrolment, co-teaching, co-programming, creative grouping, and the provision of demonstration opportunities and support for other teachers within the school and district that had deaf students enrolled. Finally, interactive teaching, based on a clearly defined theoretical model of language acquisition, development, and learning, is recommended for students with impaired hearing in such environments. It is argued that the support of linguistic development and academic learning could be facilitated concurrently, thus ensuring that by the time students had reached high school they would possess sufficient literacy skills to access a regular high school program successfully.PhD Doctorate
6
Cameron, Jill. "A collective case study: How regular teachers provide inclusive education for severely and profoundly deaf students in regular schools in rural New South Wales." 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/24990.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis reports a collective case study of the school educational experiences of five severely and profoundly deaf students who were enrolled in regular schools in rural areas of New South Wales. The students ranged in age from 6 to 18 years. Three issues were examined: (1) The impact of the philosophy of inclusive education and the question of why students with high degrees of deafness and high support needs were enrolled in regular schools in rural areas; (2) The specific linguistic an educational support needs of deaf students; and (3) The ability of the regular schools and teachers to cater for the educational needs of the deaf students in those settings. The case studies revealed that to considerably varying extents in different situations, the students were afforded inclusive educational opportunities. The extent of inclusiveness of students’ educational experiences was shown to vary according to a number of variables. The variables identified included: the type and quality of communication with the deaf student, teaching style, accessibility of content, particular lesson type, and the type and extent of curriculum adaptations employed. As a result of the analysis of the data from the five cases, a number of generalistions were possible. These generalisations were that (a) students with the ability to access spoken communication auditorily were more easily included than students using manual communication; (b) reduction of linguistic and academic input occurred as a response to student inability to access class programs because of reduced linguistic capabilities, resulting in the deaf students receiving different and reduced information to the hearing students; (c) communication between a deaf student and his or her class teacher needed to be direct for the most successful inclusion to occur; (d) teaching style needed to be interactive or experiential for successful language learning and literacy development to occur; (e) curriculum adaptations needed to involve provision of visual support for lesson material to be highly effective; (f) lessons/subjects easily supported by visual means, such as mathematics or practical subjects, when taught hierarchically, going from the known to unknown in achievable steps, meant teaching style could be either transmission or interactive, for lesson activities to be considered inclusive; (g) students with poor literacy skills were unable to successfully access an intact (i.e., unaltered and complete) high school curriculum; (h) the teaching style of the class teacher impacted on the support model possible for the itinerant teacher; (i) an interactive class teaching style allowed for cooperative teaching between class teacher and itinerant teacher who could then assist the class teacher with both the linguistic and academic needs of the deaf student; (j) a transmission style of teaching resulted in various levels of withdrawal for the deaf student unless the subject matter could be represented visually; (k) when curriculum content or expected outcomes were reduced, the deaf students did not have the same access to information as their hearing counterparts and consequently could not develop concepts or understandings in the same manner; and (l) language and literacy development were most facilitated when interactive teaching opportunities were established proactively for the deaf students rather than through the reduction of content as a response to their failure to successfully engage with the complete curriculum. The conclusions suggest an alternative support proposal for deaf students in rural environments. The model of support proposed involves the targeting of specific preschools and primary schools with the provision of teachers identified to teach collaboratively and interactively. Under the proposed model several students with impaired hearing would be located within the one school with the itinerant teacher position becoming a full-time appointment in that school. Such a model would enable coenrolment, co-teaching, co-programming, creative grouping, and the provision of demonstration opportunities and support for other teachers within the school and district that had deaf students enrolled. Finally, interactive teaching, based on a clearly defined theoretical model of language acquisition, development, and learning, is recommended for students with impaired hearing in such environments. It is argued that the support of linguistic development and academic learning could be facilitated concurrently, thus ensuring that by the time students had reached high school they would possess sufficient literacy skills to access a regular high school program successfully.PhD Doctorate
7
Brewis, William Loftie-Eaton. "Science fiction in the public library : essence and selection." Thesis, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/15913.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The selection of science fiction was researched to determine how science fiction should be evaluated and selected in the context of the public library.
The first sub-problem to be researched concerned the cultural, societal and literary origins of this genre, after which its distinct phases of development were studied as well as the characteristic essence of science fiction which would affect its selection per se, specifically whether conventional literary criteria are suitable for the evaluation of items of science fiction during selection.
The next sub-problem focused on, was whether theory can explain the process of fiction selection, The succeeding sub-problem was to empirically Study current practice in science fiction selection. Survey research was conducted amongst selected major urban/regional public library services in the USA.
Final research results indicated that science fiction is a sophisticated, multi-textured genre which differs significantly from fellow popular genres, Science fiction is viewed by some critics as being on the cusp of post-modernism, a significant body of work in contemporary literature, and a supreme expression of late capitalism. Research further showed that no satisfactory evaluative criteria exist. It was also established that theory of fiction selection is not always capable of explaining or guiding the process of fiction selection. There is no model for the selection of science fiction. Finn guiding principles for science fiction selection could be formulated by the aid of this study.
The study concluded with a specially-designed model for the selection of science fiction (including a scorecard with specially-compiled criteria for evaluating items), as well as a suggested core collection. A structured approach should be followed by the science fiction selector. The guiding principles and core collection which were formulated in this study, the set of special criteria as well as the model, together demonstrate that the selection of science fiction can be structured, controlled and guided within established parameters.Information Science
D. Lit. et Phil. (Information Science)
Книги з теми "Collective AIDS model"
1
Manfredi, Claudia, ed. Models and analysis of vocal emissions for biomedical applications: 5th International Workshop: December 13-15, 2007, Firenze, Italy. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-027-6.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The MAVEBA Workshop proceedings, held on a biannual basis, collect the scientific papers presented both as oral and poster contributions, during the conference. The main subjects are: development of theoretical and mechanical models as an aid to the study of main phonatory dysfunctions, as well as the biomedical engineering methods for the analysis of voice signals and images, as a support to clinical diagnosis and classification of vocal pathologies. The Workshop has the sponsorship of: Ente Cassa Risparmio di Firenze, COST Action 2103, Biomedical Signal Processing and Control Journal (Elsevier Eds.), IEEE Biomedical Engineering Soc. Special Issues of International Journals have been, and will be, published, collecting selected papers from the conference.
2
Carloni, Giovanna, Christopher Fotheringham, Anita Virga, and Brian Zuccala. Blended Learning and the Global South Virtual Exchanges in Higher Education. Venice: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-529-2.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This volume collects a series of theoretical and practical interventions in the area of blended learning globally. It aims to present pedagogues working in higher education contexts in the developing world with models of successful blended learning initiatives designed and implemented by committed educators working with student bodies characterised by unequal access to technology and connectivity. The twelve individual chapters of this volume are an invaluable practical resource for educators but when taken as a whole the collection provides a counter to commonplace beliefs about blended learning originating within the institutions of wealthy countries. It offers theoretical, material and socially grounded currents for thinking about the place of blended learning in the Global South and is a work of resistance to pedagogical epistemologies with ‘first world’ and neoliberal biases.
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Rovida, Maria Antonietta, ed. Fonti per la storia dell'architettura, della città, del territorio. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-8453-722-5.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The contributions presented at the study day held in Empoli in May 2006 – now collected in book form – are intended to provide a contribution to the debate on the relations between the teaching of history of architecture, design and historiography. Each essay addresses a specific issue, proposing an analysis and valorisation of the sources (documents, images, diaries etc.) and the resources available for research, representation and design. Taken as a whole, the collective work aims at defining a history of architecture focused on a knowledge and understanding of how, at different times and in different places, man has interacted with the geographical or environmental context to organise the physical space. A history of architecture in seamless relation with that of the city and the territory. A history of architecture that posits itself as an essential component in the design culture of architects and town planners, fostering a mode of intervention generated by a profound knowledge of the complex realities in which it takes shape.
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Nuttal, Pat, ed. Climate, ticks and disease. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249637.0000.
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Abstract This book is a collection of 77 expert opinions arranged in three sections. Section 1 on "Climate" sets the scene, including predictions of future climate change, how climate change affects ecosystems, and how to model projections of the spatial distribution of ticks and tick-borne infections under different climate change scenarios. Section 2 on "Ticks" focuses on ticks (although tick-borne pathogens creep in) and whether or not changes in climate affect the tick biosphere, from physiology to ecology. Section 3 on "Disease" focuses on the tick-host-pathogen biosphere, ranging from the triangle of tick-host-pathogen molecular interactions to disease ecology in various regions and ecosystems of the world. Each of these three sections ends with a synopsis that aims to give a brief overview of all the expert opinions within the section. The book concludes with Section 4 (Final Synopsis and Future Predictions). This synopsis attempts to summarize evidence provided by the experts of tangible impacts of climate change on ticks and tick-borne infections. In constructing their expert opinions, contributors give their views on what the future might hold. The final synopsis provides a snapshot of their expert thoughts on the future.
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Healey, Richard. Theories, Models, and Representation. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198714057.003.0008.
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Quantum theory involves a novel, indirect use of models to further the aims of fundamental science. It is revolutionary because of the way it improves our use and understanding of representations of the universe we could offer without it. The so-called semantic approach takes a scientific theory to supply a collection of models to be used to represent phenomena: but models of quantum theory are applied more indirectly to provide good advice on the significance and credibility of claims about physical things whose existence is assumable here. Inferentialism takes these claims to derive their content through inferential links to others. They are objective, as are the probabilities they are assigned, and some are objectively true.
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Collective Consciousness and Its Discontents. Springer, 2007.
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Dobalová, Sylva, and Jaroslava Hausenblasová, eds. Archduke Ferdinand II of Austria. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/978oeaw85017.
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The book examines the cultural patronage of Archduke Ferdinand II of Austria (1529–1595), a son of Emperor Ferdinand I. Being the second-born, the Archduke never reached the imperial throne but served as the Governor of Bohemia in Prague and then he reigned in the Tyrol. The volume aims to show how Ferdinand II’s unclear dynastic position was significant in determining his fate, and which strategies he used to represent himself as an important member of the Habsburg dynasty. Twenty-three essays organized in five sections cover his main cultural aims, starting with the structure of his court and its entertainment, architectural projects, visual arts, and the interests of the humanistic circle he gathered around him. The book also presents new information about his famous collection of art and curiosities at Ambras Castle in Innsbruck, which served as a model for Emperor Rudolf II's collecting practice. The interdisciplinary cooperation of scholars from different countries gives readers a unique and comprehensive understanding of the actions of the Archduke in mutual relations. The book portrays the Archduke as a skilled manager, creative inventor and successful networker as the Renaissance movement was developing in Central Europe in the second half of the sixteenth century. Although the Archduke couldn’t fulfil his political ambitions, through his support for collecting, art and science, he contributed significantly to the development of the regions where he resided and connected them with the cultural achievements of Western and Southern Europe. As a whole, the book offers a detailed analysis of the lifestyle of the ''model prince“ in this era.
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Masuku, Bianca, Michelle Willmers, Henry Trotter, and Glenda Cox, eds. UCT Open Textbook Journeys. UCT Libraries, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15641/0-7992-2551-8.
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The UCT Open Textbook Journeys monograph tells the stories of 11 academics at the University of Cape Town who embarked on open textbook development initiatives in order to provide their students with more accessible and locally relevant learning materials. Produced by the Digital Open Textbooks for Development (DOT4D) initiative, the monograph contributes towards a better understanding of open textbook production by providing details related to authors’ processes and their reflections on their work. The collection aims to provide rich anecdotal evidence about the factors driving open textbook activity and shed light on how to go about conceptualising and producing open textbooks, and to aid the articulation of emerging open textbook production models that advance social justice in higher education.
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Wallace, Rodrick, and Mindy T. Fullilove. Collective Consciousness and Its Discontents : : Institutional Distributed Cognition, Racial Policy, and Public Health in the United States. Springer London, Limited, 2007.
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Maitra, Keya, and Jennifer McWeeny, eds. Feminist Philosophy of Mind. Oxford University PressNew York, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190867614.001.0001.
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Abstract This collection is the first book to focus on the emerging field of study called feminist philosophy of mind. Each of the twenty chapters of Feminist Philosophy of Mind employs theories and methodologies from feminist philosophy to offer fresh insights into issues raised in the contemporary literature in philosophy of mind and/or uses those from the philosophy of mind to advance feminist theory. The book delineates the content and aims of the field and demonstrates the fecundity of its approach, which is centered on the collective consideration of three questions: What is the mind? Whose mind is the model for the theory? To whom is mind attributed? Topics considered with this lens include mental content, artificial intelligence, the first-person perspective, personal identity, other minds, mental attribution, mental illness, perception, memory, attention, desire, trauma, agency, empathy, grief, love, gender, race, sexual orientation, materialism, panpsychism, and enactivism. In addition to engaging analytic and feminist philosophical traditions, chapters draw from resources in phenomenology, philosophy of race, decolonial studies, disability studies, embodied cognition theory, comparative philosophy, neuroscience, and psychology.
Частини книг з теми "Collective AIDS model"
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Blümel, Clemens. "What Synthetic Biology Aims At: Review Articles as Sites for Constructing and Narrating an Emerging Field." In Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook, 65–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61728-8_3.
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AbstractThe analysis of scientific communities and collectives are central to STS and sociological studies of science. However, the current emergence of techno-scientific communities, such as synthetic biology, raises the question as to whether novel identities, but also novel ways of community building have developed. In this respect, the emergence of a new publication regime, the ubiquity of citations as a means of governing attention and visibility, and the establishment of multidisciplinary audiences might have changed the ways of scholarly field formation. In this article I propose that formats of scholarly writing have acquired new functions in this process, changing modes of presenting and legitimating novel scientific communities. Hence, I put forward the idea that the evolution of a specific publication format which I term here as `techno-scientific review article’ and the ways of narrating communities are closely intertwined. To elaborate my argument, I draw on linguistic genre analysis of science. I found that review papers in synthetic biology are important for the field: Equipped with specific textual qualities they become central sites for articulating past and the futures of the field.
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Faddila, Syifa Pramudita, Citra Savitri, Dedi Mulyadi, and Puji Isyanto. "Flash Sale and Brand Image Models in Improving Purchase Decisions on Fashion Products at the Shopee Marketplace Among Students." In Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Management (INSYMA 2022), 841–48. Dordrecht: Atlantis Press International BV, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-008-4_105.
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AbstractThis study aims to determine the models of flash sales and brand image in improving purchase decisions on fashion products at the Shopee marketplace among students. The research was conducted using a quantitative descriptive method. Sampling in this study were 225 students from the 2017 class who had shopped for fashion products online at the Shopee marketplace. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The data collection method used a questionnaire distributed to respondents. The analytical tool used was multiple linear regressions. The results show that flash sales and brand image partially or simultaneously have an influence on purchase decisions.
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Hallensleben, Markus. "Towards an aesthetics of postmigrant narratives." In Postmigration, 197–220. Bielefeld, Germany: transcript Verlag, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/9783839448403-012.
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Building on investigations of Ilija Trojanow's writings as counter-narratives to nationally centred models of narration, I suggest evaluating his collection of aphorisms, After the Flight (2017), as a critical stance against current politics and societal processes of global (im)mobilities and forced migration. At times, when »great importance is attached to the principle of asylum but enormous efforts are made to ensure that refugees (and others with less pressing claims) never reach the territory of the state where they could receive its protection« (Gibney), Trojanow aims for an acceptance of exile and migration as inherent social movements of a pluralised world.
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Threstia, Yolanda, Erna Andajani, and Juliani Dyah Trisnawati. "The Influence of Customer Experience and Perceived Risk on Online Purchase Intention." In Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Management (INSYMA 2022), 1086–93. Dordrecht: Atlantis Press International BV, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-008-4_134.
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AbstractThis research aims to analyze and determine the influence of online customer experience and perceived risk on online purchase intentions in e-commerce. This research model used five variables, including online customer experience, product risk, financial risk, privacy risk, and online purchase intention, with seven hypotheses. This type of research is causal research. For data collection, researchers obtained data sources derived from respondents conducted online. This research used a non-probability sampling-purposive sampling method. This study shows that the financial hypothesis of risk and privacy risk has a negative and insignificant effect on online purchase intentions. The online customer experience hypothesis significantly affects the product, financial, and privacy risks. The online customer experience hypothesis has a positive and significant effect on online purchase intentions.
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Kern, Margaret L., and Michael L. Wehmeyer. "Introduction and Overview." In The Palgrave Handbook of Positive Education, 1–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64537-3_1.
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AbstractOver the past decade, the positive education movement has grown, with the rapid increase of research, curricula, programs, and approaches to supporting wellbeing within educational communities. We introduce positive education, unpacking the positive perspective, considering how positive education emerged from this perspective, and discussing the implications moving forward. We then provide an overview of the chapters within this Handbook. Aligned with the valuing of open dialogue and diverse perspectives, authors provide various definitions of, perspectives around, and approaches to positive education. The Handbook attempts to give light to the plurality of models and perspectives, highlights high-quality research and research-to-practice efforts, incorporates a broad range of topics, and includes international and multi-disciplinary approaches. As a whole, the Handbook aims to support collective efforts to create and shape educational environments that allow all members of our educational communities to thrive, both now and for future generations.
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Zappa, Achille, Chi-Hung Le, Martín Serrano, and Edward Curry. "Connecting Data Spaces and Data Marketplaces and the Progress Toward the European Single Digital Market with Open-Source Software." In Data Spaces, 131–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98636-0_7.
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AbstractIn this book chapter, recent advances in the development and implementation of open-source software technologies and information management systems to support the progression of the data economy by means of data operations and data offering descriptions are introduced. The management of controlled registries, mapping of information using metadata aggregation, interfaces among components, links of data and actors, discovery and retrieval of data, compiling smart contracts, and other core operations are introduced. This chapter contributes to the state of the art by providing the definition, creation, and collection of data-driven marketplaces that, by design, look at sharing and exchanging data using a common description framework called i3-MARKET. i3-MARKET’s main design objectives are to support the sharing data assets, execute operations, and provide API services and generally all the security-related functionalities relying on data details, credentials, contracts, and pricing. i3-MARKET also uses a sharing semantic model to facilitate the work with people in improving and maintaining the models for the present and future. The i3-MARKET described in the chapter introduces the concept of a backplane architecture as a support tool that aims to innovate the data market industry providing solutions and support in developing building blocks to overcome the barriers to interoperable and integrative data using trusted, federated, and decentralized software components.
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Duterte, Junard, and Gilbert Importante. "Self-regulation and Learning Outputs of Filipino MOOC Learners." In Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Management (INSYMA 2022), 399–408. Dordrecht: Atlantis Press International BV, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-008-4_50.
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AbstractDuring the coronavirus pandemic, scholars study how learners pursue lifelong learning in open and distance education since few studies investigate this issue. This study aims to discover a learning model that would increase the students’ online learning engagement and course completion in Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs). Adopting the Self-Regulation Theory (SRT) on andragogy, this study is administered to 290 Massive MOOC adult learners in the Davao region. The author aimed to identify the respondents’ level of self-regulation in online learning, determine their learning outputs in a MOOC, examine the relationship between their self-regulation and learning outputs, and ascertain the significant predictors of their learning outputs. This study applied a quantitative-correlational design in collecting, interpreting, and discussing data from surveys using an adapted questionnaire. The author treated the data through a multiple regression correlation test. The results reveal that the respondents’ level of self-regulation in MOOC was very high, and they attained an excellent level of learning outputs. Furthermore, the findings show a strong relationship between their self-regulation and learning outputs in MOOCs. Meta-cognition, time management, environmental structuring, help-seeking, and persistence were significant predictors of learning outputs as reflected in the learning model that emerged. Findings also highlighted that self-regulation could significantly predict the learning outputs of online learners in exploring the MOOCs for their personal and professional development.
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Marzo, Stefano, Royston Pinto, Lucy McKenna, and Rob Brennan. "Privacy-Enhanced ZKP-Inspired Framework for Balanced Federated Learning." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 251–63. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26438-2_20.
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AbstractFederated learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning approach that enables remote devices i.e. workers to collaborate to compute the fitting of a neural network model without sharing their data. While this method is favorable to ensure data privacy, an imbalanced data distribution can introduce unfairness in the model training, causing discriminatory bias towards certain under-represented groups. In this paper, we show that imbalance federated data decreases indexes of equity i.e. differences in treatment for underrepresented classes. To address the problem, we propose a federated learning framework called Z-Fed that 1) balances the training without exchange of privacy protected data using a zero knowledge proof (ZKP) technique, and 2) allows for the collection of information on data distributions based on one or more categorical features to produce metadata about population proportions. The proposed framework infers the precise data distribution without exchanging knowledge of the data categories and uses it to coordinate a balanced training set. Z-Fed aims to mitigate the effect of imbalanced data in FL while respecting privacy and without using mediators or probabilistic approaches. Compared to a non-balanced framework, Z-Fed improves fairness and equality measured in equal opportunities (EPD) by 53.54%, equal odds (EOD) by 56.41%, and statistical parity (SPD) by 46.1% on imbalanced UTK datasets, reducing biased predictions among subgroups. EPD, EOD, and SPD measure the disparity of treatment between privileged e.g. over-represented and non-privileged groups. Given the results obtained, Z-Fed can reduce discriminatory behaviors and enhance trustworthiness of federated learning.
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Beneš, Nikola, Luboš Brim, Samuel Pastva, and David Šafránek. "Computing Bottom SCCs Symbolically Using Transition Guided Reduction." In Computer Aided Verification, 505–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81685-8_24.
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AbstractDetection of bottom strongly connected components (BSCC) in state-transition graphs is an important problem with many applications, such as detecting recurrent states in Markov chains or attractors in dynamical systems. However, these graphs’ size is often entirely out of reach for algorithms using explicit state-space exploration, necessitating alternative approaches such as the symbolic one.Symbolic methods for BSCC detection often show impressive performance, but can sometimes take a long time to converge in large graphs. In this paper, we provide a symbolic state-space reduction method for labelled transition systems, called interleaved transition guided reduction (ITGR), which aims to alleviate current problems of BSCC detection by efficiently identifying large portions of the non-BSCC states.We evaluate the suggested heuristic on an extensive collection of 125 real-world biologically motivated systems. We show that ITGR can easily handle all these models while being either the only method to finish, or providing at least an order-of-magnitude speedup over existing state-of-the-art methods. We then use a set of synthetic benchmarks to demonstrate that the technique also consistently scales to graphs with more than $$2^{1000}$$ 2 1000 vertices, which was not possible using previous methods.
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Mulej, Oskar. "Illiberal Forms of Non-Territorial Autonomy: The Sudeten German Party Case." In Realising Linguistic, Cultural and Educational Rights Through Non-Territorial Autonomy, 73–87. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19856-4_6.
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AbstractThe paper aims to present an illiberal variant of non-territorial autonomy (NTA) by focusing on the historical example of the autonomist proposals developed during the 1930s in Czechoslovakia by the far-right Sudeten German Party (Sudetendeutsche Partei, SdP). Known under the joint title Volksschutzgesetze (Laws for the Protection of Nationality), the six draft laws that the SdP presented to the Czechoslovak Parliament in 1937 foresaw a far-reaching re-organisation of the state along national lines and on a purely non-territorial basis. As such, the SdP’s legal demands can be treated as a clear example of NTA. At the same time, they may also be viewed as an instance of a radical nationalist and openly illiberal adaptation of the concept. Informed by contemporary völkisch sociological, legal and political thought, the bills aimed at transforming Czechoslovakia into a federation of largely autarchic ethno-national communities. This was to be done on the basis of an involuntary, binding and essentialising definition of nationality and a fundamentally illiberal conception of collective rights, in which the rights of the national group came before those of their individual members. The envisaged scope of national self-rule was furthermore meant to extend far beyond the confines of culture and education, encompassing a wide array of other spheres of life also considered to be essentially ‘national’. Lastly, the Volksschutzgesetze also effectively negated Czechoslovakia’s self-understanding as a nation-state by transposing the notion of sovereignty from the whole of its citizenry to the individual ethnic groups inhabiting it. In clear contrast to the 1925 Estonian Law on Cultural Autonomy as the model interwar example of NTA, they were thus effectively at odds with both liberal democracy and the nation-state.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Collective AIDS model"
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Bandeira, Larissa Melo, Ana Rita Motta-Castro, Marco Puga, Silvia Uehara, João Domingos, Grazielli Rezende, Gabriela Alves Cesar, and Tayana Tanaka. "Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 infection among Japanese immigrants and their descendants living in Southeast Brazil: a call for preventive and control responses." In XIII Congresso da Sociedade Brasileira de DST - IX Congresso Brasileiro de AIDS - IV Congresso Latino Americano de IST/HIV/AIDS. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/dst-2177-8264-202133p012.
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Introduction: Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) has worldwide distribution and is considered endemic in southwestern Japan. HTLV-1 infection has been associated with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) besides other diseases. Objective: This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the prevalence, risk factors, and molecular characterization of HTLV-1, among the world´s largest population of Japanese immigrants and their descendants outside Japan, in São Paulo, Southeast Brazil, as well as to analyze the phylogenetic relationship among isolates of HTLV-1. Methods: From July to December 2017, 2,139 individuals from five Japanese associations were interviewed and submitted to blood collection. All serum samples were first tested for the presence of anti-HTLV-1/2 antibodies by ELISA and then peripheral blood from individuals with positive serological results were analyzed for the presence of HTLV-1 5ʹLTR proviral DNA. Partial sequencing of the 5ʹLTR region of HTLV-1 proviral DNA was performed by Sanger. Results: The prevalence of HTLV-1 infection was 5.1% (95% CI 4.2-6.0). In the multiple logistic regression model, HTLV-1 infection was associated with age 45 years, female sex, first- and second-generation Japanese immigrants, and having sexual partners with a history of blood transfusion. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that all HTLV-1 were classified as Cosmopolitan (1a) subtype. Of them, 47.8% were classified as Transcontinental (A) subgroup and 52.2% as belonging to the Japanese (B) subgroup. Although most HTLV-1-infected patients were asymptomatic (97.3%), the blurred vision was associated with HTLV-1 infection. Conclusion: The high prevalence of HTLV-1 infection found in this study population and especially the intrafamily and interfamily HTLV-1 transmission presents an urgent need for preventive and control responses of this infection in Brazil.
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Milo, Daniel, Liana Principe, Jieyi Deng, Kang Zhou, and Xiang Liu. "A Literature Review of Rail Defect Causal Factors." In 2018 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2018-6162.
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Rail defects are a significant safety concern for the world’s railway systems. Broken rails may lead to the catastrophic derailment of vehicles and have severe consequences including death, injury and economic losses. Precise estimation of the impact of descriptive factors on the occurrence of rail fatigue defects is of great significance for the development of rail defect statistical prediction models. Meanwhile, improvement of prediction models will assist railroads in allocating inspection maintenance resources efficiently. Thus, this paper focuses on reviewing principal risk factors affecting the occurrence of rail defects. A better understanding of the influence of rail defect explanatory factors could aid in model improvement. Previous data collection and analysis in rail defects are highlighted in this review in order to improve the understanding of the impact of potential risk factors. The overview of rail defects aims to aid researchers in improving their understanding of what factors affect the occurrence of rail fatigue defects and how to analyze these factors during the processing of statistical models.
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Chakraborty, Souparna, Abhirup Chaudhuri, and Chirodeep Bakli. "Optimizing Water Harvesting on Bioinspired Surfaces: A Mesoscopic Perspective." In ASME 2021 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2021-64668.
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Abstract The water crisis affects the lives of millions over the world. Minimizing water losses in major water-consuming industries like power plants is of utmost importance. Since cooling towers lead to huge amounts of water loss, implementing modifications for recovering a fraction of this lost water in the exhaust has been a topic of active research. These modifications are often inspired by biological species, especially in arid regions, which have adapted in different ways by collecting water from fog, and hence biomimetic has become popular for water harvesting techniques. We revisit the fog collection technique most commonly used in nature and compare the relative merits of the same with surface texture and wettability. Arrays of spines of three different configurations were considered in this study — namely cuboidal, cylindrical and conical shapes. A theoretical model is developed to carry out a comparative analysis of these configurations considered. The effects of Laplace pressure gradient, gravity, topography and tilt angle on droplet transportation along the spines were explored to decipher the most efficient water transport and collection route. The observations are explained by performing extensive Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations to bring out the interplay of surface tension and roughness at the contact line verifying the proposed formulations. The conical-shaped spines exhibited maximum transport and collection efficiency for zero tilt angle. Both cuboidal and cylindrical shaped spines showed little or no water collection when the spines are oriented horizontally. This is due to the Laplace pressure gradient which arises from varying radii of curvature of the conical shaped spine which drives the water droplets towards the base but is absent for the other two cases considered. On the contrary, when there is some finite tilt angle, the contribution of gravity comes into consideration and the water collection rate of the conical and cylindrical spines becomes comparable. Both Laplace pressure gradient and gravity help in water transport in the conical case whereas only gravity assists the water transport process for cylindrical spines. Still, the water collection rate is almost the same for these two scenarios due to enhanced coalescence of liquid droplets for the cylindrical case as is observed from MD simulations. As the droplets coalesce, they get larger and gravity aids the transport process by overcoming the solid-liquid interaction strength. Cuboidal shaped spines show the least efficiency with only gravity to assist the transport process and no coalescence is observed in this case. Moreover, the geometrical disparity makes the tips of conical spines more hydrophobic compared to the others which further ameliorates the water collection efficiency.
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Rala, Silvia, and Ana Paula Gaspar. "The Design Process, from Individual Thinking to Collective Social." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001398.
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In contemporary society, Social Design practices are crucial for the operability of aggregative solutions. Developing efficient and effective solutions that meet and enhance social needs and responsibilities, combining a greater number of values shared by different sets of individuals. In this way, the creative community must reflect on the behavioral patterns and the way to create and manage solutions able to perspective the agglutination of contexts, for this, different methods and options may be considered in the search for knowledge of experiences and ways of acting, according to social and cultural trends.This article aims to understand how the creation process influences and interconnects individual and collective thinking, in which the context of individuality and diversity is present in the analysis of the problem and, consequently, should be present in the elaboration of the design solution directed to social groups, sometimes also multicultural.These groups of people connected by a common interest, according to Godin (2013), can be considered tribes. Aware or not, the individual is part of many tribes. Tribes without unitary leader identification but create value and effects in society and in the market. In the past, one of the main factors influencing the constitution of tribes was geography. However, the globalization process has expanded and accelerated the number of tribes, which can have relevant power, but often an ephemeral character. Given the constant adaptation of ways of being, thinking, and feeling, the thought process must integrate and identify behavioral and relational models. In this sense, the development and experimentation of design must be associated with an awareness of culture and group unification. The analysis process from individual to collective must develop an exploration and critical evaluation in the face of the groups and multiculturalism. This fact encourages the applicability of Social Design, in order to guide reflection and the development of solutions framed in the multigroup problem.Creating products and services with a cultural link and with symbolic and emotional connections, according to Krucken (2009), is a challenge, considering that the final configuration of the product is a combination between essence and personality, defined consciously or not.In this framework, function (the essence) and form (the personality) play a crucial role in visualizing and strategically anticipating decision-making and design choices.Thus, considering the group individuality and group immensity, our goal is to identify models, to assess weaknesses and/or potential for success or failure, in the applicability of the process and the framing of the result in collective nuclei with identity particularities, as well as, the role that Social Design can play as a synergy binder in the thought process and the final result. The methodology will be based on a case study and literature review.
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Hakim, Heri Abi Burachman, Bandono Bandono, and Hadi Pranoto. "Deskripsi I-Jogja sebagai Model Baru Perpustakaan Digital di Yogyakarta." In International Conference on Documentation and Information. Pusat Data dan Dokumentasi Ilmiah, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/icdi.v3i.35.
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Libraries in Indonesia are starting to compete in developing digital libraries. College, public, and regional libraries have started to develop digital libraries. The development of digital libraries is based on the consideration of providing opportunities for greater access to collections owned by libraries and adjusting the format of library services with the characteristics of users who are familiar with information technology products. Seeing the importance of digital libraries, BPAD DIY began to develop a digital library under the name I-Jogja. I-Jogja is a digital library portal developed in the Android and iOs operating systems. I-Jogja was developed using the iLibrary software created by PT. Woolu Maya script. I–Jogja offers a new concept in digital library management, where to access public collections, people do not need to download but borrow collections from the digital library portal. This digital collection lending concept is known as e-lending. Through research, the researcher aims to describe the management of I-Jogja as a new concept of digital library management. Research that researchers conducted using qualitative research methods. From this research, it is found that the text-based I-Jogja collection, to access I-Jogja must be registered in the application, functions as a means of fostering reading interest, policies related to membership and access patterns, is able to be a means of fostering reading interest, able to run on the operating system Android and iOS.
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Abbott, Ashley B., and Michael W. Ellis. "Analysis of Thermal Energy Collection From Precast Concrete Roof Assemblies." In ASME 2007 Energy Sustainability Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2007-36011.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The development of precast concrete housing systems provides an opportunity to easily and inexpensively incorporate solar energy collection by casting collector tubes into the roof structure. A design is presented for a precast solar water heating system used to aid in meeting the space and domestic water heating loads of a single-family residence. A three-dimensional transient collector model is developed to characterize the precast solar collector’s performance throughout the day. The model describes the collector as a series of segments in the axial direction connected by a fluid flowing through an embedded tube. Each segment is represented by a two-dimensional solid model with top boundary conditions determined using a traditional flat plate solar collector model. The precast collector is coupled to a series solar assisted heat pump system and used to meet the heating needs of the residence. The performance of the proposed system is compared to the performance of a typical air-to-air heat pump. Using the system model, various designs and operating parameters were analyzed to determine a set of near optimal design values. The annual performance of the near optimal system was evaluated to determine the energy and cost savings for applications in Atlanta, GA and Chicago, IL. In addition, a life cycle cost was completed to determine the economic feasibility of the proposed system. The results of the annual study show that capturing solar energy using the precast collector and applying the energy through a solar assisted heat pump can reduce the electricity required for heating by more than 50 percent in regions with long heating seasons such as Chicago. The life cycle cost analysis shows that the energy savings justifies the increase in initial cost in locations with long heating seasons but that the system is not economically attractive in locations with shorter heating seasons.
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Lamenza, Thiago, Marcelo Paulon, Breno Perricone, Bruno Olivieri, and Markus Endler. "GrADyS-SIM - A OMNET++/INET simulation framework for Internet of Flying things." In Simpósio Brasileiro de Redes de Computadores e Sistemas Distribuídos. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/sbrc_estendido.2022.222426.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper describes GrADyS-SIM, a framework for simulating cooperating swarms of UAVs in a joint mission in a hypothetical landscape and communicating through RF radios. The framework was created to aid and verify the communication, coordination, and context-awareness protocols being developed in the GrADyS project. GrADyS-SIM uses the OMNeT++ simulation library and its INET model suite and allows for the addition of modified/customized versions of some simulated components, network configurations, and vehicle coordination to develop new coordination protocols and tested through the framework. The framework simulates UAV movement dictated by a file containing some MAVLink instructions and affected on the fly by different network situations. The UAV swarm’s coordination protocol emerges from individual interactions between UAVs and aims to optimize the collection of sensor data over an area. It also allows simulation of some types of failures to test the protocol’s adaptability. Every node in the simulation is highly configurable, making testing different network topographies, coordination protocols, node hardware configurations, and more a quick task.
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Lebtag, Bruno G. A., Paulo G. Teixeira, Mohamad Kassab, and Valdemar Vicente Graciano Neto. "A Concept Map of Terminologies and Disciplines for the Executable Model Lifecycle." In Workshop em Modelagem e Simulação de Sistemas Intensivos em Software. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/mssis.2021.17254.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Executable Models (ExM) research area is an ascending discipline that explores the use of models capable of being executed during the software development process. The research area is overloaded with terms and concepts derived from several areas. There is also ambiguities and an absence of consensus on definitions. This is a problem not only for newcomers in the area but it can generate unproductive studies and conflicts among researchers. However, there is not yet a study presenting those concepts in a concise and structured manner. Thus, this study aims to collaborate with the research area with a collection of relevant concepts and their definitions. The concepts were obtained from a literature review where we collected relevant studies from several disciplines. We organized those concepts into a concept map that establishes the relationship between concepts while presenting them separated by disciplines.
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Clark, Sarah, Timothy Yap, and Mehran Tehrani. "Validation of a Finite Element Model for Fused Filament Fabrication Additive Manufacturing." In ASME 2021 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-73803.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Fused filament fabrication (FFF) is a material extrusion additive manufacturing (AM) process that works well with thermoplastic polymers and is notably inexpensive compared to other AM processes, leading to its increasing popularity for industrial applications. Finite element analysis (FEA) is used to simulate the thermal histories involved in FFF. In this paper, several simulation cases of increasing complexity are presented, and both a thermocouple and an infrared thermal imaging system are used to validate the simulation results. First, a steady-state case is conducted and simulated to corroborate the two validation tools and to calibrate the thermal emissivity value and conductivity coefficient of the thermoplastic used for testing, in this case, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). Next, the thermal camera is tested for its response time by comparing its frame rate to the resulting thermal images. Lastly, MSC Digimat-AM is used to simulate the FFF printing process. It was concluded that infrared thermal imaging is suitable for in-process thermal data collection during FFF printing, but with several limitations, such as low resolution, thermal radiation from the print bed due to the nozzle, and reflections of surroundings off the print bed. Thermocouples can act as aids to calibrate the thermal imaging but affect the cooling rate of the surrounding filament.
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Lai, Liwen, and Bimlesh Wadhwa. "A Student Workload Estimator Tool: Rethinking Modular Credit." In Sixth International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head20.2020.11172.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper aims to develop a Student Workload Estimator tool for University students. Traditionally, modular credit has been used as a student workload indicator at a purely time-based stage. This needs rethinking keeping in view the changing educational settings. The paper presents a basic student workload model built to assess student workload in a more realistic and detailed manner taking into consideration objective factors as well as subjective factors for personalized model. It presents a mechanism for data collection of course workload as well as of the students’ subjective perceptions for the workload estimator. The outcomes are expected to provide more insights than only estimated weekly working hours indicated by modular credit, thus allowing students to make more informed decisions for a suitable academic path and to help reduce the course dropping rate. Deliverables of the work include a data collection tool and a workload estimator tool.
Звіти організацій з теми "Collective AIDS model"
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Hossain, Sharif M. I., Shongkour Roy, Sigma Ainul, Abdullah Al Mahmud Shohag, A. T. M. Rezaul Karim, and Ubaidur Rob. Assessing effectiveness of a person-centered group ANC-PNC model among first-time young mothers and their partners for improving quality and use of MNCH-FP services. Population Council, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/sbsr2022.1041.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This baseline report is part of an operations research project “Healthy Women, Healthy Families (HWHF): Shustha Ma, Shustha Poribar” led by Management Sciences for Health (MSH) in partnership with BRAC, SCOPE, and the Population Council. The project aims to improve quality and increase utilization of maternal, newborn, and child health (MNCH) and family planning (FP) services and information for young mothers-to-be, first-time mothers (FTMs) aged 15-24, and their partners in the urban municipality of Tongi, Gazipur District, Bangladesh, through a group antenatal care ANC-PNC approach. The objectives of this study are to establish baseline values of selected HWHF project result indicators against which the impacts of the project’s intervention can be measured. The target group is young, first-time parents and the study examines the current status of knowledge on MNCH-FP and access to services among FTMs. This quasi-experimental pre-post control group design study employs both quantitative and qualitative data-collection methods. A simple random sampling procedure was employed to select respondents from BRAC FTM lists, while qualitative informants were selected purposively.
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Rinkevich, Baruch, and Cynthia Hunter. Inland mariculture of reef corals amenable for the ornamental trade. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7695880.bard.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The worldwide market for ornamental saltwater invertebrates supplies the needs of millions of aquarium hobbyists, public exhibitions (i.e., zoos) universities and research institutions. With respect to reef building corals, it is estimated that more than half a million coral colonies/year from a total 93 genera, were exported globally during the period of 1985-1997. International value of retail sale of live coral trade alone is estimated as $78 million in 1997 (not including the illegally, widely smuggled material). The continuous, large-scale collection of marine organisms is responsible, in many places, for the destruction of coral reefs. The expected expansion of the trade further threatens these fragile habitats. While no true captive-bred corals are commercially available, our long-term goal is to develop ex situ inland farming of coral colonies that will circumvent the need for in situ collections and will provide domesticated specimens for the trade and for research. We simultaneously studied two model branching coral species, Stylophora pistillata (Pocilloporidae; in Israel) and Porites (Poritidae; in the US). The proposal included three specific aims: (a) To develop protocols for nubbins (small fragments, down to the size of a single polyp) usage in coral farming;(b) To address the significance of colony pattern formation to the coral trade; and (c) To develop the protocols of using nubbins in physiological and ecotoxicological assays (using oil dispersants, the expression of the stress protein HSP-70, household detergents, etc.). Ten scientific publications (published manuscripts, accepted for publications, submitted to scientific journals, in preparation), revealing results that were related to all three specific aims, originated from this BARD proposal. As a result of the work supported by the BARD, we have now, in hand, original and improved protocols for coral maintenance ex situ, proven expertise on manipulating coral colonies’ pattern formation and biological knowledge on island mariculture of reef corals (from Hawaii and from the Red Sea) amenable for the ornamental trade (for public and private aquaria use, for experimentation). At least one Israeli company (Red Sea Corals, Ltd., KibbutzSaar) is using our methodologies for further developing this new mariculture sector. We are now in the process of introducing the rationale and methodologies to Hawaiian private entities to expand dissemination of the research outcomes.
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García-Espinosa, J., and C. Soriano. Data management plan. Scipedia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23967/prodphd.2021.9.003.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This document presents the deliverable D8.1 – the Data Management Plan (DMP) of work package 8 of the prodPhD project. It aims to present the plan for the management, generation, collection, security, preservation and sharing of data generated through the prodPhD project. The DMP is a key element for organizing the project’s data. It provides an analysis of the data, which will be collected, processed and published by the prodPhD consortium. The project embraces the initiatives of the European Commission to promote the open access to research data, aiming to improve and maximize access to and reuse of research data generated by Horizon 2020 projects. In this sense prodPhD will adhere to the Open Research Data Pilot (ORD Pilot) fostered by the European Commission, and this DMP will be developed following the standards of data storage, access and management. This plan will detail what data will be generated through the project, whether and how it will be made accessible for the verification and reuse and how it will be curated and preserved. In this context, the term data applies to the information generated during the different experimental campaigns carried out in the project, and specifically to the data, including associated metadata, to be used to validate the computational models and the technical solutions to be developed in the project. This document is the first version of the DMP and may be updated throughout the project, if significant changes (new data, changes in consortium policies, changes in consortium composition, etc.) arise.
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Malek, Mohammad Abdul, Aiko Kikkawa, Yasuyuki Sawada, and Abdul Kalam Azad. Rural Development in Bangladesh Over Four Decades: Findings from Mahabub Hossain Panel Data and the Way Forward. Asian Development Bank Institute, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56506/ppxg8315.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Mahabub Hossain Panel Data (MHPD) was initiated in 1988 and maintained by and named after the late Mahabub Hossain, a well-known agricultural and development economist who led a number of reputed organizations in Bangladesh (Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies and BRAC) and in the region (International Rice Research Institute). We portray the historical context, sampling evolution, survey structure and methodology, and academic and policy contributions of the MHPD with some lessons learned for the next step forward. The MHPD has tracked rural households for a period of over 3 decades (1988–2014) with five waves of household surveys covering over 2,800 households and has collected a wide range of information on household composition, schooling of household members, assets, cropping intensity and patterns including cost and return, employment and income, consumption, participation in different government and nongovernment programs. We reviewed several books and journal articles authored by Mahabub Hossain and related academic papers and documents and collated information on MHPD, including (i) mapping out information on past and ongoing panel or cross-sectional household survey data series in Bangladesh; (ii) undertaking the review of all past rounds of MHPD survey documents, such as survey implementation plans, questionnaires, codebooks, databases, and processed data; (iii) consulting relevant stakeholders, including the past implementers of the surveys and the users of the data as needed to validate documented information; (iv) taking stock of the contribution of MHPD to academic literature and policy development; and (v) drawing a number of lessons learned for future data collection and policy making. The report aims to (i) serve as a comprehensive reference document for scholars and policy makers who wish to understand MHPD for possible use in their research; and (ii) provide a comprehensive baseline from which we can consider ways to enhance MHPD further to continue contributing to understanding the economic and social issues of today and near future. By compiling all associated research work based on MHPD, we offer a historical landscape of Bangladesh’s social and economic development and a credible explanation for the Bangladesh development model for global comparison.
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Perera, Duminda, Ousmane Seidou, Jetal Agnihotri, Mohamed Rasmy, Vladimir Smakhtin, Paulin Coulibaly, and Hamid Mehmood. Flood Early Warning Systems: A Review Of Benefits, Challenges And Prospects. United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health, August 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.53328/mjfq3791.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Floods are major water-related disasters that affect millions of people resulting in thousands of mortalities and billiondollar losses globally every year. Flood Early Warning Systems (FEWS) - one of the floods risk management measures - are currently operational in many countries. The UN Office for Disaster Risk Reduction recognises their importance and strongly advocates for an increase in their availability under the targets of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction, and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, despite widespread recognition of the importance of FEWS for disaster risk reduction (DRR), there’s a lack of information on their availability and status around the world, their benefits and costs, challenges and trends associated with their development. This report contributes to bridging these gaps by analyzing the responses to a comprehensive online survey with over 80 questions on various components of FEWS (risk knowledge, monitoring and forecasting, warning dissemination and communication, and response capabilities), investments into FEWS, their operational effectiveness, benefits, and challenges. FEWS were classified as technologically “basic”, “intermediate” and “advanced” depending on the existence and sophistication of FEWS` components such as hydrological data = collection systems, data transfer systems, flood forecasting methods, and early warning communication methods. The survey questionnaire was distributed to flood forecasting and warning centers around the globe; the primary focus was developing and least-developed countries (LDCs). The questionnaire is available here: https://inweh.unu.edu/questionnaireevaluation-of-flood-early-warning-systems/ and can be useful in its own right for similar studies at national or regional scales, in its current form or with case-specific modifications. Survey responses were received from 47 developing (including LDCs) and six developed countries. Additional information for some countries was extracted from available literature. Analysis of these data suggests the existence of an equal number of “intermediate” and “advanced” FEWS in surveyed river basins. While developing countries overall appear to progress well in FEWS implementation, LDCs are still lagging behind since most of them have “basic” FEWS. The difference between types of operational systems in developing and developed countries appear to be insignificant; presence of basic, intermediate or advanced FEWS depends on available investments for system developments and continuous financing for their operations, and there is evidence of more financial support — on the order of USD 100 million — to FEWS in developing countries thanks to international aid. However, training the staff and maintaining the FEWS for long-term operations are challenging. About 75% of responses indicate that river basins have inadequate hydrological network coverage and back-up equipment. Almost half of the responders indicated that their models are not advanced and accurate enough to produce reliable forecasts. Lack of technical expertise and limited skilled manpower to perform forecasts was cited by 50% of respondents. The primary reason for establishing FEWS, based on the survey, is to avoid property damage; minimizing causalities and agricultural losses appear to be secondary reasons. The range of the community benefited by FEWS varies, but 55% of FEWS operate in the range between 100,000 to 1 million of population. The number of flood disasters and their causalities has declined since the year 2000, while 50% of currently operating FEWS were established over the same period. This decline may be attributed to the combined DRR efforts, of which FEWS are an integral part. In lower-middle-income and low-income countries, economic losses due to flood disasters may be smaller in absolute terms, but they represent a higher percentage of such countries’ GDP. In high-income countries, higher flood-related losses accounted for a small percentage of their GDP. To improve global knowledge on FEWS status and implementation in the context of Sendai Framework and SDGs, the report’s recommendations include: i) coordinate global investments in FEWS development and standardise investment reporting; ii) establish an international hub to monitor the status of FEWS in collaboration with the national responsible agencies. This will support the sharing of FEWS-related information for accelerated global progress in DRR; iii) develop a comprehensive, index-based ranking system for FEWS according to their effectiveness in flood disaster mitigation. This will provide clear standards and a roadmap for improving FEWS’ effectiveness, and iv) improve coordination between institutions responsible for flood forecasting and those responsible for communicating warnings and community preparedness and awareness.