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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Coffre fort"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 17 серпня 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Coffre fort"

Gagnebin, Laurent. "Édito Le riche devant son coffre-fort et le prêtre à l'autel." Autres Temps. Les cahiers du christianisme social 70, no. 1 (2001): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/chris.2001.2281.

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Barazzetti, Gaia, Benjamin Bugnon, Christian Von Plessen, Thomas Bischoff, and Alain Kaufmann. "Dossier électronique du patient: coffre-fort, poubelle à PDF, ou projet collectif de santé publique ?" Revue Médicale Suisse 17, no. 723 (2021): 230–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.53738/revmed.2021.17.723.0230.

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Rose, Tipri, and Fifi Nofiyanti. "Citra Merek Terhadap Minat Beli Konsumen Kopi Kekinian di Jakarta." LITERATUS 2, no. 1 (April 14, 2020): 40–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.37010/lit.v2i1.33.

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Trend era milenium dikenal sebagai kopi kontemporer. Kopi kekinian di wilayah Jakarta pada penelitian ini difokuskan pada Kopi Kenangan dan Fore Coffe yang sedang trend. Wilayah Jakarta Selatan khususnya dikenal dengan Kopi Kenangan dan Fore Coffe. Kedua kopi ini adalah salah satu kedai kopi yang populer di kalangan anak muda saat ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui citra merek minat beli pada konsumen kopi kontemporer di Jakarta, khususnya Kopi Kenangan dan Fore Coffe. Metode penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan menggunakan pedekatan deskriptif korelasional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan 99 responden. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, uji rata-rata / rata-rata, analisis korelasi deskriptif, uji regresi linier sederhana, uji koefisien determinasi, dan pengujian hipotesis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa minat beli konsumen yang sangat tertarik dengan nilai rata-rata 4,29 untuk Kopi Kenangan dan 4,06 untuk Fore Coffee, yang berarti konsumen sudah tertarik dan citra merek yang sangat terkenal untuk Kopi Kenangan di Pondok Indah Mall. Sementara Fore Coffee Bintaro memiliki citra merek yang dikenal dengan nilai rata-rata 4,26 untuk Kopi Kenangan dan 3,94 untuk Fore Coffee. Terdapat pengaruh citra merek terhadap minat beli konsumen sebesar 26,8% dan 25,2%. Berdasarkan hasil uji regresi linier sederhana, jika pengaruh citra merek telah meningkat sebesar satu unit, maka minat beli konsumen akan meningkat sebesar 0,401 kali untuk Kopi Kenangan. Sementara Fore Coffee adalah 0,419 kali. Berdasarkan hasil uji t dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan nilai yang signifikan. 0,000 <0,05, yang berarti bahwa citra merek memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap minat beli konsumen kopi kekinian (Kopi Kenangan dan Fore Coffe) di wilayah Jakarta.

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Kuncoro, Sapto, Meinilwita Yulia, and Diding Suhandy. "APLIKASI UV SPECTROSCOPY DAN METODE SIMCA UNTUK KLASIFIKASI KOPI LIBERIKA TUNGKAL JAMBI DAN KOPI LIBERIKA PROBOLINGGO." Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) 10, no. 1 (March 25, 2021): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jtep-l.v10i1.49-56.

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Tungkal Composite Jambi Liberika Coffee is one of the top qualities of Indonesian coffees that has received a geographic indication certificate (IGs). With its limited production and high prices, currently Tungkal Jambi Liberika coffee is one of the coffees that is prone to being counterfeited. The counterfeiting of Tungkal Jambi Liberika coffee is increasingly difficult to identify, especially in the form of ground roasted coffee. This study evaluated the potential application of UV spectroscopy technology to classify Tungkal Jambi Liberika coffee (with geographic indications) and normal Probolinggo Liberika coffee (non- geographic indications). A total of 120 samples for each Liberika coffee were prepared weighing 1 gram for each sample. Spectra measurements were carried out in the form of a coffee solution. Spectral data were taken using a UV-visible spectrometer with a wavelength interval of 200-400 nm (Genesys™ 10S UV-Vis, Thermo Scientific, USA). By using the average transformed spectra in the 250-350 nm interval, the differences between the two types of Liberika coffee can be clearly seen, especially at some wavelength peaks, namely 270 nm, 300 nm, 315 nm and 346 nm. The classification accuracy obtained for the SIMCA classification is 100% for both Tungkal Jambi Liberika and Probolinggo Liberika coffee. Keywords: authentication, classification accuracy, Tungkal Jambi Liberika coffee, SIMCA, UV Spectroscopy

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Ignatova, Dinara, and Nadezhda Makarova. "Antioxidant Properties Research of Various Types of Coffee." Food Industry 5, no. 4 (December 25, 2020): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.29141/2500-1922-2020-5-4-11.

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The article presents results of antioxidant compounds determination (total amount of phenolic compounds, total amount of flavonoids) and parameters of the antiradical activity (by the DPPH method) and reducing power (by the FRAP method) in different types of coffee beans depending on roasting degree (weak, medium, strong), coffee variety (Robusta and Arabica) and the importing country. The researchers used the products presented in the retail chains of Samara. The study purpose was to reveal a universal and most common source of functional substances with an antioxidant effect for the human body and use it both in its pure form and in combination with other products (BAS). According to the research results, Robusta coffee (Coffea Canephora) of medium roasting from Brazil has high indicators for all the conducted analyses and can be used as an additional source of antioxidant substances, and as a raw material for obtaining BAS. Coffee Arabica (Coffea Arabica) of medium roasting of Indonesian origin has the highest restoring power, and the highest content of phenols and flavonoids. Coffee Arabica (Coffea Arabica) of a strong degree of roasting from India has the lowest rates. All other types of coffee have average, slightly different results.

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Ivorra, Eugenio, Juan Camilo Sarria-González, and Joel Girón-Hernández. "Computer vision techniques for modelling the roasting process of coffee (Coffea arabica L.) var. Castillo." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 38, No. 6 (December 23, 2020): 388–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/346/2019-cjfs.

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Artificial vision has wide-ranging applications in the food sector; it is easy to use, relatively low cost and allows to conduct rapid non-destructive analyses. The aim of this study was to use artificial vision techniques to control and model the coffee roasting process. Samples of Castillo variety coffee were used to construct the roasting curve, with captured images at different times. Physico-chemical determinations, such as colour, titratable acidity, pH, humidity and chlorogenic acids, and caffeine content, were investigated on the coffee beans. Data were processed by (i) Principal component analysis (PCA) to observe the aggrupation depending on the roasting time, and (ii) partial least squares (PLS) regression to correlate the values of the analytical determinations with the image information. The results allowed to construct robust regression models, where the colour coordinates (L*, a*), pH and titratable acidity presented excellent values in prediction (R2Pred 0.95, 0.91, 0.94 and 0.92). The proposed algorithms were capable to correlate the chemical composition of the beans at each roasting time with changes in the images, showing promising results in the modelling of the coffee roasting process.

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Lashermes, P. "Breeding tools for durable resistance to nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) of coffee varieties." Plant Protection Science 38, SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002 (December 31, 2017): 717–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/10598-pps.

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Coffee is one of the world’s largest traded commodities, produced in over 60 countries. Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) have become a major threat in all major coffee-growing areas. So far, more than fifteen species of Meloidogyne have been reported as pathogens of coffee (Coffea arabica L.). Nematocide treatments are only effective in the short term, expensive and environmentally hazardous. Growing nematode-resistant coffee trees constitutes so far the most promising option to control the pest. During the last decade, resistance to root-knot nematode have been identified in spontaneous accessions and relative diploid species. With the aim of improving the resistance to root-knot nematodes of coffee varieties grown in Latin America, a project was initiated in February 2002 with the financial support of the European Community (INCO, Contract ICA4-CT-2001-10070). The selected strategy relies upon the combined development of (i) varieties (either cultivar or rootstock) associating complementary well-characterised resistance genes, and (ii) optimised variety-deployment strategies based on a careful characterisation (geographical distribution, virulence and pathogenicity) of root-knot nematodes populations damaging coffee trees.

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Handayani, Retty. "Formulasi Sediaan Lipbalm dari Ekstrak Biji Kopi Arabika (Coffea Arabica L.) Java Preanger Sebagai Emolien." Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi Farmasyifa 4, no. 1 (January 30, 2021): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/jiff.v4i1.6497.

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Lipbalm preparations are a decorative cosmetic dosage form for moisturizing lips. One of the most important components of lipbalm preparations is an emollient. Emollients work by covering the damaged skin with beads of fat so that the skin of the lips becomes softer and moisturized. Arabica coffee beans (Coffea arabica L.) java preanger contain linoleic acid which functions as an emollient. This study aims to make a lipbalm formulation containing extracts of Arabica coffee beans (Coffea Arabica L). Lipbalm preparations made with variations in the concentration of coffee extract 3%, 6% and 9%. The resulting formula is then evaluated for its physical stability. The irritation test is carried out using the patch test method, testing the effectiveness of emollients using a skin analyzer. The results showed that variations in the extract of coffee used (3%, 6% and 9%) showed that the concentration of 9% was more stable. The irritation test results show that all three formulas are safe to use. Based on the results of the effectiveness test shows that the formula with a concentration of 9% gives a good emollient effect after use based on statistical tests the paired samples T-test method.Keywords : emollients, coffee bean extracts, formulation, lipbalm.

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Lusiana, Safitri, Mukarlina Mukarlina, and Zulfa Zakiah. "Daya Hambat Isolat Jamur Rizosfer Tanaman Kopi (Coffea sp.) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Jamur Penyebab Busuk Buah Kopi (Coffea sp.)." JURNAL BIOS LOGOS 12, no. 1 (February 5, 2022): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.35799/jbl.v12i1.35872.

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Fruit rot disease in coffee plants (Coffea sp.) is caused by pathogenic fungi (Fusarium sp.). Control of coffee berry rot disease can be done by using biological agents in the form of rhizosphere fungi which have antagonistic properties against pathogenic fungi. This study aims to determine the type of fungus from coffee fruit rot and rhizosphere fungi and to determine the ability of rhizosphere fungi to inhibit the growth of pathogenic fungi. The study was conducted in January-April 2020. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 repetitions. Sampling was carried out in a coffee plantation (Coffea sp.) Punggur Kecil Village, Kubu Raya Regency. Fungal isolation was carried out using the dilution method and the antagonist test was carried out using the paired method. Based on the results of the study, there was an inhibition of the growth of the fungus Fusarium sp. JPTK1 and Fusarium sp. JPTK2 by Trichoderma sp. JRTK3 with the highest percentage of antagonists were 37.12% and 70.48%, respectively.Keywords: fruit rot disease; biological agents; coffee; rhizosphere fungiAbstrakPenyakit busuk buah pada tanaman kopi (Coffea sp.) disebabkan oleh jamur patogen (Fusarium sp.). Pengendalian penyakit busuk buah kopi dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan agen hayati berupa jamur rizosfer yang memiliki sifat antagonis terhadap jamur patogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis jamur dari busuk buah kopi dan jamur rizosfer serta untuk mengetahui kemampuan jamur rizosfer dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamur patogen. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Januari-April 2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 kali pengulangan. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di perkebunan kopi (Coffea sp.) Desa Punggur Kecil Kabupaten Kubu Raya. Isolasi jamur dilakukan dengan metode pengenceran dan uji antagonis dilakukan dengan metode berpasangan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, terjadi penghambatan pertumbuhan jamur Fusarium sp. JPTK1 dan Fusarium sp. JPTK2 oleh Trichoderma sp. JRTK3 dengan persentase antagonis tertinggi masing-masing yaitu 37,12% dan 70,48%. Kata kunci: penyakit busuk buah; agen hayati; kopi; jamur rizosfer.

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Murtiningrum, Fery, and Gracia Gabrienda. "Analysis of the marketing channels of Coffee." Journal of Agri Socio-Economics and Business 1, no. 2 (December 10, 2019): 15–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31186/jaseb.1.2.15-28.

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In Bengkulu Province, the area of coffee plantations reached 124,510 hectares spread in several districts with production reaching 60,790.08 tons per year (BPS, 2018). Most coffee production (Coffea Spp) is produced by smallholder farmers. Nearly a quarter of the coffee production was produced by Rejang Lebong Regency, namely: 13,459 tons with a total plantation area of 27,828.12 hectares of coffee plantations. Constraints in the development of coffee are in the case of coffee marketing channels that have not been maximized by farmers, transportation due to the topography of the area and the location of the factory that is far away, low marketing production, quality of coffee (quality ), and capital that influences the selling price of the coffee. This situation is certainly inseparable from the influence of the factors of the coffee industry production itself, namely in the form of capital, raw materials, labor, transportation, marketing and income of business owners that also affect the income of workers. For this reason, researchers are interested in researching the marketing channels of Coffee in Rejang Regency. Lebong, and analyze the efficiency of the Coffee marketing channel in Rejang Lebong Regency. From the results of the study, it was found that the coffee marketing channel occurred in Rejang Lebong Regency had 5 types of marketing channels. Marketing margins and the biggest profits are obtained by large traders.

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Coffre fort"

Wondollek, Mattias, and Jon Werkander. "Fairtrade coffe in Indonesia : Fairtrade coffee - improved living conditions for coffee farmers, or just a higher coffe price?" Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Business Studies, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-122877.

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Jemel, Mayssa. "Stockage des données locales : sécurité et disponibilité." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENST0053.

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Анотація:

Le progrès technologique offre désormais de plus en plus aux utilisateurs divers équipements connectés et intelligents. En conséquence, la gestion des données entre ces équipements a fait l’objet d’ un nombre croissant d’études. Les applications déjà proposées sont principalement basées sur des solutions propriétaires dites solutions privées ou fermées. Toutefois, cette stratégie a toujours montré ses insuffisances en termes de problèmes de sécurité, de coût, de simplicité pour les développeurs et de transparence des solutions. Migrant vers des solutions standardisées, HTML5 propose de nouvelles fonctionnalités pour répondre aux exigences des entreprises et des utilisateurs. L’objectif principal est de mettre à la disposition des développeurs web un langage simple pour la mise en œuvre des applications concurrentes à moindre coût. Ces applications ne sont pas liées ni aux dispositifs utilisés ni aux logiciels installés. Trois contributions font l’objet de nos travaux. Dans la première partie, nous proposons un Coffre Fort Client basé sur les APIs HTML5 de stockage. Tout d’abord, nous commençons par le renforcement de la sécurité de ces API pour fournir une base sécurisée à notre Coffre Fort Client. Dans la deuxième contribution, nous proposons un protocole de synchronisation appelé SyncDS qui est caractérisé par son efficacité avec une consommation minimale des ressources. Nous traitons enfin les problèmes de sécurité, et nous nous concentrons principalement sur le contrôle d’accès dans le cas de partage des données tout en respectant les exigences des Coffres Forts
Due to technological advancements, people are constantly manipulating multiple connected and smart devices in their daily lives. Cross-device data management, therefore, remains the concern of several academic and industrial studies. The proposed frameworks are mainly based on proprietary solutions called private or closed solutions. This strategy has shown its deficiency on security issues, cost, developer support and customization. In recent years, however, the Web has faced a revolution in developing standardized solutions triggered by the significant improvements of HTML5. With this new version, innovative features and APIs are introduced to follow business and user requirements. The main purpose is to provide the web developer with a vendor-neutral language that enables the implementation of competing application with lower cost. These applications are related neither to the used devices nor to the installed software. The main motivation of this PhD thesis is to migrate towards the adoption of standardized solutions to ensure secure and reliable cross-device data management in both the client and server side. There is already a proposed standardized Cloud Digital Safe on the server side storage that follows the AFNOR specification while there is no standardized solution yet on the client-side. This thesis is focused on two main areas : 1) the proposal of a standardized Client Digital Safe where user data are stored locally and 2) the synchronization of these data between the Client and the Cloud Digital Safe and between the different user devices. We contribute in this research area in three ways. First, we propose a Client Digital Safe based on HTML5 Local Storage APIs. We start by strengthening the security of these APIs to be used by our Client Digital Safe. Second, we propose an efficient synchronization protocol called SyncDS with minimum resource consumption that ensures the synchronization of user data between the Client and the Cloud Digital Safe. Finally, we address security concerns, in particular, the access control on data sharing following the Digital Safe requirements

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Cayllahua, Paytan Alexander, Garcia Grezia Valeria Rojas, León Ricardo Arturo Ramos, Sánchez Silvia Maribel Ordóñez, and Solis Fiorella Salviatti. "Coffee Laundry." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/654889.

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El presente trabajo de investigación evalúa los aspectos generales del proyecto, planeamiento estratégico, investigación de mercado, plan de marketing, y la viabilidad económica y financiera para la implementación del local físico y virtual del negocio. A continuación, se describe los aspectos más importantes del estudio: En los estudios del macroentorno se identifica que al ser un proyecto innovador existe un alto grado de oportunidades para lograr un adecuado posicionamiento en el mercado. Sin embargo, debido a la gran oferta, hay un alto grado de amenazas con relación al alto nivel de competidores que existe. También se puede identificar en el análisis interno una gran variedad de fortalezas, basándonos en la propuesta de valor de la empresa que es brindar un servicio de calidad en un ambiente acogedor, implementando una cafetería para que puedan realizar otro tipo de actividades como lo son trabajar y estudiar. Sin embargo, también existen algunas debilidades como la inexperiencia en el rubro del negocio que puede ser un factor para disminuir con capacitaciones constantes. Por otro lado, para la investigación de mercado se realizaron entrevistas a profundidad y encuestas, las cuales, nos brindaron un público objetivo para nuestro primer año de operación, personas de lima moderna cuyo promedio de edad se encuentra entre 25 a 45 años. También el perfil de nuestro público objetivo es que valora mucho el tiempo por encima del dinero que estarían dispuestos a pagar por un servicio de calidad. En cuanto al plan de marketing, se considera que el tamaño del mercado disponible es de 130,499 personas, lo cual nos brinda un público objetivo de 23,040 personas que corresponden al 18% del mercado para el primer año de operación. Con ello, para lograr captar al público objetivo se implementará un plan de marketing digital cuya prioridad es la elaboración del ecosistema digital (página web y redes sociales) medio por el cual se brindará la interacción necesaria para lograr una futura fidelización y reconocimiento de la marca. En el plan operativo se diseñó la cadena de valor que especifica las actividades primarias y secundarias para el adecuado funcionamiento del local comercial. Para estas tareas, cada uno de los participantes del proyecto tomará una función que permita brindar una adecuada relación con los proveedores, accionistas y clientes. Por último, en el plan financiero se optará por un financiamiento tradicional del 50% como aporte de los accionistas y 50% a través de una entidad financiera comprendiendo un total de S/ 317,346.54 como inversión inicial. Para ello, se evaluarán diferentes tasas en el mercado que permitan obtener un flujo de amortización adecuado a las proyecciones de gastos e ingresos. También se podrá visualizar un recupero de la inversión a corto plazo, el cual se detalla que será en 18 meses cómo se mostrará en el análisis financiero. Finalmente, los estados financieros tienen una proyección de 3 años que muestran en un análisis vertical del estado de ganancias y pérdidas, un incremento anual del 1% en las utilidades del primer, segundo y tercer año de operación. Sin embargo, en el cuatro año se genera un incremento del 7%. Estos resultados indican que el proyecto es rentable debido a la gran demanda que tiene el rubro en el que “COFFEE LAUNDRY” se encuentra.
This research work evaluates the general aspects of the project, strategic planning, market research, marketing plan, and the economic and financial viability for the implementation of the physical and virtual business premises. The most important aspects of the study are describing below: In the macroenvironment studies, it is identifying that being an innovative project. There is a high degree of opportunities to achieve a good position in the market. First, there is a significant supply, but there is a high degree of threats with a high level of competitors as well. A great variety of strengths can also be identified in the internal analysis, based on the company's value proposition, which is to provide quality service in a welcoming environment, implementing a cafeteria so that they can carry out other types of activities such as work and study. Second, there are also some weaknesses, such as inexperience in the business field that can be a factor to decrease with constant training. On the other hand, for market research, in-depth interviews and surveys were conducted, which provided us with a target audience for our first year of operation, people from modern Lima whose average age is between 25 to 45 years. Also, the profile of our target audience is that they highly value the time over the money they would be willing to pay for a quality service. Regarding the marketing plan, it is considering that the size of the available market is 130,499 people, which gives us a target audience of 23,040 people that correspond to 18% of the market for the first year of operation. With this, in order to attract the target audience, a digital marketing plan will be implemented whose priority is the development of the digital ecosystem (website and social networks) through which the necessary interaction will be provided to achieve future loyalty and brand recognition. In the operational plan, the value chain was designed that specifies the primary and secondary activities for the proper functioning of the commercial premises. For these tasks, each of the project participants will take on a role that allows providing a good relationship with suppliers, shareholders, and customers. Finally, the financial plan will opt for traditional financing of 50% as a shareholder contribution and 50% through an economic entity comprising a total of S/ 317,346.54 as initial investment. For this, different rates will be evaluated in the market that allows obtaining an amortization flow adequate to the projections of expenses and income. It will also be possible to visualize a recovery of the investment in the short term, which is detailed that it will be in 18 months how it will be shown in the financial analysis. Finally, the financial statements have a 3-year projection that shows, in a vertical analysis of the profit and loss statement, an annual increase of 1% in the profits of the first, second and third years of operation. However, in the fourth year, a rise of 7% is generated. These results indicate that the project is profitable due to the great demand for the item in which "COFFEE LAUNDRY" is located.
Trabajo de investigación

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Almqvist, Emma, Barbara Hruzova, and Kajsa Olsson. "Changes in the coffee culture - opportunities for multinationals coffee shops?" Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Business and Engineering (SET), 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-847.

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The Swedish coffee culture is changing and bringing new business opportunities for multinational coffee shops. Our purpose with this dissertation was to describe the Swedish coffee culture and its changes. We wanted to increase our knowledge about how these changes can make Sweden a more attractive country for coffee shops, like Starbucks, wanting to establish in Sweden.

We choose to use a qualitative method with an abductive approach. To gather the primary data we interviewed one barista and sent questionnaires to staff at different big coffee shops in Sweden. The interview questions were made out of five categories of describing culture by Rugman and Hodgetts. These answers and a multiple of articles helped us to describe the coffee culture and the changes. In the conclusion several benefits for coffee shops were identified from the cultural changes. Among the benefits we could see more knowledgeable and demanding customers. We could also distinguish a market with competing coffee shops and supporting industries well adapted to provide material needed to make the coffee. The benefits that the changes in the coffee culture bring are multiple and we see a coffee culture highly adapted to the new trend.

This dissertation can be useful for foreign coffee shops to gain knowledge about the Swedish coffee market and its culture.

New markets are opening through cultural changes, so marketers and others searching for new marketing opportunities on the Swedish coffee market should read this paper to get ideas, advices and inspiration.

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Aga, Esayas. "Molecular genetic diversity study of forest coffee tree (Coffea arabica L.) populations in Ethiopia : implications for conservation and breeding /." Alnarp : Dept. of Crop Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2005. http://epsilon.slu.se/200579.pdf.

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Muleta, Diriba. "Microbial inputs in coffee (Coffea arabica L.) production systems, southwestern Ethiopia : implications for promotion of biofertilizers and biocontrol agents /." Uppsala : Dept. of Microbiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2007. http://epsilon.slu.se/2007117.pdf.

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Aguirre, Roldán Nicolás Fabricio, Torres Christian Andres Flores, Paz Stefano Noah Mittrany, Vera Erika Frida Peralta, and Hermitaño Valeria Alissa Rubianes. "Desarrollo de proyecto de negocio Coffee Mate." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/656896.

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El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como finalidad el desarrollo y proyección de un plan de negocio, en el que se ha creado la marca “Coffee Mate” con el objetivo de brindar café orgánico peruano con distintos sabores proveniente de la región de Junín mediante una suscripción mensual, la marca contará con el apoyo social a los distintos agricultores mediante la compra de los insumos bajo el precio establecido por el mercado generando un comercio justo para ellos. Mediante el uso de entrevistas como herramienta de validación se logra determinar que el producto responde a las necesidades de un nicho que no puede conseguir café orgánico de calidad de manera sencilla. Además, se desarrolla cada cuadrante del Business Model Canvas empleando distintas herramientas de investigación. Como ventaja competitiva Coffee Mate dispone de muchos sabores de café artesanales que no se puede encontrar de forma regular, además de brindarle la satisfacción al cliente de apoyar a los agricultores que son afectados por la reducción injusta de precios. También, se brinda una experiencia única y personalizada mediante la página web de la marca, cabe recalcar que también se dispone de otros productos complementarios como cafeteras y tazas. Por último, el trabajo presentará las proyecciones de ventas para los 3 años de duración del proyecto, junto a su respectivo flujo de caja en la que se detalla el financiamiento del plan de negocio con la finalidad de mostrar a detalle el crecimiento y los gastos que se incurrirá.
Our research job is about the development and the projection of our business plan, in which we created the brand “Coffee Mate” with the objective to offer organic Peruvian coffee with different flavors from the region of Junin through monthly subscription, the brand will have social support to different farmers through buying all the supplies at market price generating a fair trade for them. Using interviews as a tool to validate, it is possible to determinate that our product responds at the needs of a niche that cannot buy a good organic coffee in a simple way. Moreover, we develop each quadrant of the Business Model Canvas using different investigation tools. Our competitive advantage Coffee Mate has a lot of different flavors that cannot be find on a regular way, besides of providing the satisfaction to the customer of helping the farmers that are affected for the unfair low prices. In addition, it provides a unique and personal experience through the website of the brand, it is worth say that the store also contains other complementary products such as coffee makers and cups. Lastly, the research job will present the sales projections for the three years of duration of the project, with its own cash flow in which it details all the financing that the project requires to detail the evolution and the expenses of the project.
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Alva, Cornejo Diego Adolfo, Saco Vertiz Piero Benvenutto, Arfi Eytan Albert Eskenazi, Mazzola Yago Luna, and Achata Leonardo Zevallos. "Desarrollo del proyecto de negocio Makao Coffee." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/654800.

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Nuestro trabajo de investigación consiste en el desarrollo de un plan de negocio, en el que se ha creado la marca ‘Makao Coffee’ con el propósito de ofrecer un café peruano de calidad en tueste oscuro, medio oscuro y artesanal, con sabores y aromas intensos. A partir del uso de métodos de validación, como entrevistas, hemos podido determinar que nuestro producto responde a un nicho de mercado con una necesidad insatisfecha, la falta de café oscuro. La ventaja competitiva de nuestra marca es la calidad, ya que el café es producido a 1500 msnm en Jaén, Perú, obteniendo una calidad superior a otros cafés por el tipo de grano cultivado en esa zona. Además, como parte de la atención que brindamos, ofrecemos el molido del café a gusto del cliente para que lo utilice en la cafetera de su preferencia, y hacemos entrega del producto por medio de delivery a domicilio. Por otro lado, se ha logrado validar la aceptación del producto a través de nuestros canales de ventas, sobre todo en la modalidad de e-commerce. De ellos, el más importante son las redes sociales, ya que nos han generado las ganancias más significativas de la empresa hasta el momento, logrando recompras que generan ingresos recurrentes para el negocio. Con ello, se tiene proyectado en un mediano plazo ampliar la línea de productos, alianzas estratégicas y la adquisición de una tostadura propia.
Our research work is about the development of a business plan, in which the 'Makao Coffee' brand has been created with the purpose of offering quality Peruvian coffee in a dark, medium dark and artisan roast, with intense flavors and aromas. From the use of validation methods, such as interviews, we have been able to determine that our product responds to a market niche with an unmet need, the lack of dark coffee. The competitive advantage of our brand is the quality, since the coffee is produced at 1500 meters above sea level in Jaén, Peru, obtaining a superior quality to other coffees due to the type of grain grown in that area. In addition, as part of the attention that we provide, we offer the coffee grind to the client's taste so that they can use it in the coffee maker of their choice, and we deliver the product directly to the client. On the other hand, the acceptance of the product has been validated through our sales channels, especially in the e-commerce mode. Of all of them, the most important are the social networks, since they have generated the most significant profits of the company so far, achieving buybacks that generate recurring income for the business. With this, it is planned in the medium term to expand the product line, strategic alliances and the acquisition of an own roaster.
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Alva, Cornejo Diego Adolfo, Saco Vertiz Piero Benvenutto, Arfi Eytan Albert Eskenazi, Mazzola Yago Luna, and Achata Leonardo Antonio Zevallos. "Desarrollo del proyecto de negocio Makao Coffee." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/654800.

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Başarır, Selen Erkarslan Önder. "A Comparative Study On Design Of Turkish Coffee Brewing Machines For Self-Service: "Telve", "Kahwe" And "Gondol"/." [s.l.]: [s.n.], 2002. http://library.iyte.edu.tr/tezler/master/endustriurunleritasarimi/T000328.pdf.

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Книги з теми "Coffre fort"

Amar, Pierre-Jean. Le coffre-fort de ma mère. Cognac: Le temps qu'il fait, 2009.

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Chesnot, Christian. Qatar: Les secrets du coffre-fort. Neuilly-sur-Seine: Michel Lafon, 2013.

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auteur, Malbrunot Georges, ed. Qatar: Les secrets du coffre-fort. Paris: J'ai lu, 2013.

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Amar, Pierre-Jean. Le coffre-fort de ma mère. Cognac: Le temps qu'il fait, 2009.

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Hoffschir, Patrice. L'île de la Reunion: Un coffre-fort de 2500 km². Rose-Hill, Mauritius: Mauritius Printing Specialists (Pte) Ltd, 2002.

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Thierry, Steiner, ed. Mirages et cheikhs en blanc: Enquête sur la face cachée du Qatar, le coffre-fort de la France. Paris: Editions du Moment, 2010.

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Foro El Futuro de los Cafeteros (1996 Manizales, Colombia). Foro El Futuro de los Cafeteros: Memorias. Manizales: Universidad de Caldas, 1996.

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Gente de fora: Vida e trabalho dos assalariados do café em uma região de Minas Gerais. Rio de Janeiro: E-papers, 2011.

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Pires, Anderson. Café, finanças e indústria: Juiz de Fora, 1889-1930. Juiz de Fora, Brazil]: FUNALFA, Prefeitura de Juiz de Fora, 2009.

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Foro sobre Café Sostenible en Puerto Rico (2007 Universidad de Puerto Rico, Recinto Universitario de Mayagüez). Foro sobre Café Sostenible en Puerto Rico: Universidad de Puerto Rico, Recinto Universitario de Mayagüez, Departamento de Agronomía y Suelos, 30 de mayo de 2007. Edited by Schröder Eduardo C and University of Puerto Rico (Mayagüez Campus). Dept. of Agronomy and Soils. [Mayagüez: Departamento de Agronomía y Suelos, 2007.

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Salgado, Sonia M. L., and Willian C. Terra. "The root-knot nematode: importance and impact on coffee in Brazil." In Integrated nematode management: state-of-the-art and visions for the future, 238–44. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789247541.0033.

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Abstract Coffee (Coffea spp.) is a crop of significant importance for Brazilian agribusiness, which in 2019 generated a gross revenue of US$3.73 billion. As a perennial crop, coffee stays in the field for many years, subjected to nematode parasitism from the seedling stage throughout the economic life of the plantation. In Brazil, it is a challenge for growers to produce coffee in the presence of the root-knot nematodes (RKN). Meloidogyne paranaensis and M. incognita are the most destructive species and their spread has expanded in recent years. This chapter discusses the economic importance, geographical distribution, host range, damage symptoms, biology and life cycle, interactions with other nematodes and pathogens, recommended integrated management, and management optimization of Meloidogyne paranaensis and M. incognita infesting coffee in Brazil.

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Bado, Souleymane, Fatemeh Maghuly, Vitor Varzea, and Margit Laimer. "Mutagenesis of in vitro explants of Coffea spp. to induce fungal resistance." In Mutation breeding, genetic diversity and crop adaptation to climate change, 344–52. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249095.0036.

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Abstract Coffee is one of the most valuable commodity tree crops worldwide. However, it suffers from several devastating diseases and pests, for example coffee leaf rust and coffee berry borer, whose impact is being amplified by changing climatic conditions. Development of new adapted varieties remains a laborious effort by conventional breeding due to the long juvenile period in tree crops. Plant cell/tissue culture represents the ultimate method to produce large amounts of true-to-type healthy plants and of explants for mutation breeding. In fact, mutation induction combined with in vitro cell/tissue culture techniques has proved to be effective for developing improved cultivars of perennial crops. Prior to mutation breeding, cell and tissue radiosensitivity tests to various mutagens need to be performed, so that optimal treatments can be applied for large population development. Thus, different in vitro explants (plantlet, leaf, callus, embryogenic callus, globular and torpedo stage embryos) of Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora were exposed to different gamma-ray doses (0, 10, 15, 20, 40, 60 and 80 Gy). After 9-21 weeks incubation, a radiosensitivity test was conducted on the different explants and LD50 doses corresponding to 50% of viability or survival of callus, embryogenic callus, globular and torpedo stage embryos and 50% growth reduction (GR50) of shoot were also determined. Callus explants showed a relatively high radio-resistance (LD30-LD50 50-100 Gy) in comparison with entire plantlets or embryos (LD30-GR50 8-46 Gy). Globular embryo development into plantlets and also leaf area of irradiated plantlets were more severely affected by irradiation than other explants. It was possible to confirm the relative radio-resistance of unicellular explants compared with multicellular explants. Estimation of optimal mutation induction dosage range for various in vitro explants is important for tree crops, especially for coffee improvement.

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Koge, Kenji, Yutaka Orihara, and Tsutomu Furuya. "Caffeine Production by Polyurethane Foam Immobilized Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) Cells." In Biochemical Engineering for 2001, 299–301. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68180-9_81.

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Gatica-Arias, Andrés, Jorge Rodríguez-Matamoros, Ana Abdelnour-Esquivel, and Marta Valdez-Melara. "Determination of the optimal conditions for mutagenesis induction in a commercial Arabica coffee variety." In Mutation breeding, genetic diversity and crop adaptation to climate change, 326–37. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249095.0034.

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Abstract Low genetic diversity and autogamous reproduction limit genetic improvement of Coffea arabica L. As a consequence, susceptibility to biotic and abiotic stresses increases. Induced mutagenesis is an alternative strategy for increasing genetic variability and for the development of varieties tolerant or resistant to biotic and abiotic factors. In the present study, the effect of three mutagenic agents (NaN3, EMS and ⁶⁰Co gamma-rays) on survival of Arabica coffee zygotic embryos was evaluated. The zygotic embryos were immersed for 10 min in a solution of NaN3 (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, 12.5, 15.0 and 20.0 mM) or for 2 h in a solution of EMS (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 4 and 6% v/v) or irradiated with 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 or 100 Gy. As the concentration or dose of the applied mutagen increased, survival decreased. The LD50 values for sodium azide, EMS and ⁶⁰Co were 12.5 mM (51.6%), 1% v/v (48.3%) and 40 Gy (50.0%), respectively. Our results indicated that coffee zygotic embryos are suitable for chemical and physical mutagenesis and this offers an alternative for the genetic improvement of agriculturally important traits in coffee.

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Céspedes, Reina, Noel Arrieta, Miguel Barquero, Ana Abdelnour, Nielen Stephan, and Ingelbretch Ivan. "Determination of radiosensitivity of Coffea arabica var. 'Venecia' seeds to gamma-ray irradiation." In Mutation breeding, genetic diversity and crop adaptation to climate change, 320–25. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249095.0033.

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Abstract Coffee is one of the most commercially available raw materials, being the tropical product with the highest market value in the world. In Costa Rica it is the third most important product for agricultural exports and provides the main income for many families in the country. However, coffee is under threat due to coffee leaf rust disease (CLR). Mutation breeding in coffee is a promising approach to develop new varieties resistant to CLR. As a new technology for coffee, basic tests related to mutation induction need to be done. The plant material used was Coffea arabica var. 'Venecia' seeds, with a moisture content of 27.3%. The applied irradiation doses were 0, 80, 100, 120, 140, 160 and 180 Gy. For each treatment, three replicates of 200 g were used, with a seed number range of 765-808 units per replicate. The irradiated seeds were planted on the same day. Eighty days after treatment the number of seedlings was quantified, the hypocotyl height and radicle length were measured and the opening of cotyledons was determined for each dose. The effects of the radiation doses on seed germination frequency were recorded. At the dose of 80 Gy, germination was reduced over the control by 9.65%, at 100 Gy by 34.06%, at 120 Gy by 52.76%, at 140 Gy by 60.24%, at 160 Gy by 65.56% and at 180 Gy by 75.40%. Seedling growth was affected and a delay in opening of the cotyledons was observed at higher doses. This radiosensitivity test, based on seed germination as compared with unirradiated control, revealed that the LD₅₀ for the variety tested is in the range 100-120 Gy experimentally, and according to the regression is 125 ± 30 Gy. This dose will be used for further bulk experiments and is of great importance, because the LD₅₀ is considered as the range where the appearance of useful mutations in breeding programmes is favoured. The establishment of these parameters is a necessary advance to continue with measurements of genetic and phenotypical parameters to implement mutation breeding in coffee looking for new sources of resistance against CLR.

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Hertrampf, Joachim W., and Felicitas Piedad-Pascual. "Coffee Pulp (De-Hydrated)." In Handbook on Ingredients for Aquaculture Feeds, 105–8. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4018-8_11.

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Giraldo H., Joaquín H. "Programming Optimization of Roasted Coffee Production in a Coffee Roasting Company." In Operations Management for Social Good, 471–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23816-2_46.

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Antolín, G., E. Velasco, R. Irusta, and J. J. Segovia. "Combustion of Coffee Lignocellulose Waste." In Combustion Technologies for a Clean Environment, 495–506. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780367810597-38.

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Formica, Piero. "The Red Thread of Coffee." In Stories of Innovation for the Millennial Generation, 120–26. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137347312_20.

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Voigt, Kai-Ingo, Oana Buliga, and Kathrin Michl. "Globalizing Coffee Culture: The Case of Starbucks." In Management for Professionals, 41–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-38845-8_5.

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Parrado, Lina Ximena, Andrés Felipe Bahamon, and Nelson Gutierrez. "Physicochemical parameters and consumer acceptance in espresso and american coffee pods." In 21st International Drying Symposium. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ids2018.2018.7691.

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This study presents the consumer acceptance of coffee beverages made from espresso coffee pods (CCE) and american coffee pods (CCA), six quality attributes were evaluated by a sensory panel conformed to judges of different experience level. A physicochemical characterization was made for the coffee powder in CCA and CCE. The beverage preparation via different machines was made for to observe the influence on the consumers acceptance. The coffee powder in CCA showed high aw and high moisture content, this factors should affect the consumer perception; in general, a low acceptance level of coffee beverages made from CCE and CCA was observed, maybe because of the strong habit of consuming filtered coffees. Keywords: Coffee; Espresso; American; sensory; physiochemical.

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Nogueira, R. I., F. C. A. Souza, E. F. Souza, S. M. Pontes, W. F. Leal Junior, and O. Freitas-Silva. "A green coffee based product and its comparasion to commercial products regarding the antioxidant capacity." In 21st International Drying Symposium. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ids2018.2018.7649.

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Green Coffee Products (GCP) consumption have been increased recently and is justified due its benefits to human health, as the antioxidant activity and thermogenic properties and ant mutagenic and ant carcinogenic capacity and also present alleged weight loss control. The aim this work was to elaborate a GCP with Coffea canephora by spray drying and compare its antioxidant capacity to commercial GCP samples by ORAC methodology. The results presented a range of 33.02 – 2,408.05 µmol Trolox/g for commercial products and 1,861.91 µmol Trolox/g for the product obtained in this work. Keywords: Antioxidant Activity;Green Coffee;Spray Drying;ORAC.

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Dorojati, Mahanani Anggun, and Ellya Zulaikha. "Utilization of Robusta Coffee (Coffea Canephora) Wood as Stylish Wooden Sunglasses for Young People." In 1st International Conference on Interdisciplinary Arts and Humanities. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0008546300950104.

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Nazilah, Kun Rohmatan, Maharani Pertiwi Koentjoro, Isdiantoni, Ida Ekawati, Wirdhatul Muslihatin, and Endry Nugroho Prasetyo. "Effect of laccase oxidation pre-treatment on coffee (Coffea arabica) bean processing waste for composting substrate." In 28TH RUSSIAN CONFERENCE ON MATHEMATICAL MODELLING IN NATURAL SCIENCES. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0000880.

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Heggy, Alaa Jaber, Aisha Ali Masoumi, Maryam saed Alyafei, Fatima Ebraheem Al-Bader, Tamara Al-Abdi, and Zumin Shi. "Habitual tea and coffee consumption and mean reaction time among Qatari adults." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0117.

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Background: Tea and coffee consumption is associated with cognitive function in some studies. We aimed to identify tea and coffee drinking patterns and their association with mean reaction time among Qatari adults. Method: The study included 1000 adults aged 20 years and above attending the Qatar Biobank Study (QBB). Habitual tea and coffee consumption during the previous year was assessed by questionnaire. Tea and coffee drinking patterns were identified using factor analysis. In a computer-based self-administered touch screens test, mean reaction time (MRT) was used as an indicator of cognitive function. Results: The mean age of the participants was 35.8 (SD 10.3) years. Herbal tea and regular coffee consumption was inversely associated with MRT. In the multivariable model, compared with non-consumers, the regression coefficients for MRT were -34.34 (-65.36,-3.33) and -37.85 (-71.03,-4.67) for daily consumers of herbal tea and regular coffee, respectively. Of the two tea and coffee drinking patterns identified, pattern 1 (high consumption of tea, Arabic coffee, and herbal tea) was not associated with MRT but pattern 2 (high loadings of instant coffee, regular coffee and Karak) was inversely associated with MRT in the unadjusted model. There was a significant interaction between pattern 2 and LDL in relation to MRT. Pattern 2 was inversely associated with MRT among those with a low LDL.Conclusion: There was an inverse association between regular coffee and herbal tea consumption with mean reaction. There was an interaction between Western coffee pattern and LDL.

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Tonelli, Annachiara, David Mosna, and Giuseppe Vignali. "Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of different packaging systems for coffee capsules." In the 4th International Food Operations and Processing Simulation Workshop. CAL-TEK srl, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.46354/i3m.2018.foodops.001.

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"The aim of this work is to compare the environmental impact of three different packaging systems for coffee capsules, which can be used in the same coffee machine. A comparative Life Cycle Assessment has been performed considering the following three types of coffee capsules: 1. Compostable coffee capsules packaged into a multichamber PET tray. 2. Capsules made of aluminium and packaged into cardboard boxes. 3. Capsules made of polypropylene with an aluminium top lid, singularly packaged in modified atmosphere into a bag made of multilayer film of aluminium and polypropylene. The functional unit considered is a coffee capsule. To evaluate the environmental impact, the EPD (Environmental Product Declaration) method is used. This work shows that it is possible to reduce the environmental impact of compostable capsules packaged in PET tray by two ways: by using a less polluting starch polymer and by producing biogas instead of compost from the organic waste. With these improvements, the compostable coffee capsule in PET tray results the less damaging packaging system for all categories except than for the ozone layer depletion and the fossil fuels depletion."

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Paulo Cesar Corrêa, Daniel Marçal de Queiroz, and Paulo Cesar Afonso Junior. "Equilibrium Moisture Content for Natural Coffee and Parchment Coffee." In 2001 Sacramento, CA July 29-August 1,2001. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.7470.

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Hernandez Barbosa, Jeyson Andres, Sebastian Roa Prada, Dario J. Hernandez Bolivar, Brajan Nicolas Ruiz Romero, and Oscar E. Rueda. "Motion Capture of the Selective Hand Picking Movements As the Basis for the Design of Mechanically Assisted Picking Tools in Coffee Plantations in Colombia." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-88428.

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Besides oil, coffee is one of the most traded commodities worldwide. Colombia is known as the producer of the highest quality coffee in the world, thanks to its smooth taste and aroma. One of the key elements that are responsible for the quality of Colombian coffee is its harvesting method, in which it is enforced that only mature fruits are harvested. Given the terrain conditions in which coffee trees grow, the preferred harvesting method in Colombia is selective hand picking, in which each coffee grain is individually teared off from the branch that is attached to. This work focuses on the analysis of the motion of a human hand performing the action of manual selective coffee harvesting. The analysis is based on the data collected from a custom made motion capture system, which consists of a glove capable of sensing the angular movement of the joints, and accelerations at the tip of the fingers, by means of a set of flex sensors and accelerometers, respectively. The methods followed in this investigation include the study of the biomechanics of the hand, as applied to the motion of hand picking of coffee, which proved to be fundamental for the analysis of the experimentally measured data. After processing the experimental data, the patterns of movement done by a human coffee harvester can be simulated and replicated, which allows identifying trajectories that a good harvester follows, as compared to other harvesters, which collect smaller amounts of grains during the same period of time. After having parameterized the motion of efficient selective hand picking, the results from this investigation serve as the basis for the design and optimization of an electromechanical tool to assist in the process of coffee harvesting, which minimizes the amount of green beans removed from the branches of the coffee trees.

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Al-Attiya, Wadha Ahmed Khalifa, Zahoor UI Hassan, Roda Al-Thani, and Samir Jaoua. "Prevalence of Toxigenic Fungi and Mycotoxins in Arabic Coffee: Protective Effect of Traditional Coffee Roasting, Brewing and Microbial Volatiles." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0067.

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Like other agricultural crops, fungal infection and synthesis of mycotoxins in coffee leads to significant economic losses. This study is aimed at investigating the prevalence of toxigenic fungi, their metabolites, and the effect of traditional roasting and brewing on ochratoxin A (OTA) and aflatoxins (AFs) contents of naturally contaminated coffee samples. In addition, in vivo biocontrol assays were performed to explore the antagonistic activities of Bacillus simplex 350-3 (BS350-3) on the growth and mycotoxins synthesis potential of Aspergillus ochraceus and A. flavus. The relative density of A. niger, A. flavus, Penicillium verrucosum and A. carbonarius on green coffee bean was 60.82%, 7.21%, 3.09% and 1.03%, respectively. OTA contents were lowest in green coffee beans (2.15 µg/kg), followed by roasted (2.76 µg/kg) and soluble coffee (8.95 µg/kg). Likewise, AFs levels were highest in soluble coffee (90.58 µg/kg) followed by roasted (33.61 µg/kg) and green coffee (9.07 µg/kg). Roasting naturally contaminated coffee beans by three traditional styles; low, medium and high, followed by brewing resulted in reduction of 58.74%, 60.88% and 64.70% in OTA and 40.18%, 47.86% and 62.38% AFs contents, respectively. BS350-3 volatiles resulted in significant inhibition in AFs and OTA synthesis by A. flavus and A. carbonarius on infected coffee beans, respectively. Gas chromatography mass spectrochemistry (GC-MS/MS) analysis of headspace BS350-3 volatiles showed quinoline, benzenemethanamine and 1-Octadecene as bioactive antifungal molecules. These findings suggest that marketed coffee samples are generally contaminated with OTA and AFs; with a significant number of roasted and soluble coffee contaminated at the levels above EU permissible limits for OTA. Further, along with coffee roasting and brewing; microbial volatiles possess a promising potential, which can be optimized to minimize the dietary exposure to mycotoxins.

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Paulo Cesar Afonso Junior, Paulo Cesar Corrêa, and Daniel Marçal de Queiroz. "Thin Layer Drying Equations for Natural Coffee and Parchment Coffee." In 2001 Sacramento, CA July 29-August 1,2001. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.5537.

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Adams, Brian, Joshua Gans, Richard Hayes, and Ryan Lampe. Does Organizational Form Drive Competition? Evidence from Coffee Retailing. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w22548.

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Shik, Olga, Carmine Paolo De Salvo, Rachel Boyce, and Carmen Del Río Paracolls. How Agricultural Policies Skew Coffee Domestic Prices for Consumers. Inter-American Development Bank, March 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0000345.

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Lacambra, Carmen, Dominic Molloy, Juan Lacambra, Isabel Leroux, Leena Klossner, Maria Talari, María Margarita Cabrera, et al. Factsheet Resilience Solutions for the Coffee Sector in Colombia. Inter-American Development Bank, June 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002405.

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Dzebo, Adis, and Kevin M. Adams. The coffee supply chain illustrates transboundary climate risks: Insights on governance pathways. Stockholm Environment Institute, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2022.002.

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The interconnections between countries in a globalizing world continue to deepen and are central to the modern international economy. Yet, governance efforts to build resilience to the adverse risks and impacts of climate change are highly fragmented and have not sufficiently focused on these international dimensions. Relationships between people, ecosystems and economies across borders change the scope and nature of the climate adaptation challenge and generate climate risks that are transboundary (Challinor et al., 2017). Climate impacts in one country can create risks and opportunities – and therefore may require adaptation – in other countries, due to cross-border connectivity within regions and globally (Hedlund et al., 2018). These Transboundary Climate Risks (TCRs) may develop in one location remote from the location of their origin. This dynamic necessitates examining the governance structures for managing climate change adaptation. For example, with regard to trade and international supply chains, climate change impacts in one location can disrupt local economies and vulnerable people’s livelihoods, while also affecting the price, quality and availability of goods and services on international markets (Benzie et al., 2018). Coffee is one of the most traded commodities in the world with an immensely globalized supply chain. The global coffee sector involves more than 100 million people in over 80 countries. Coffee production and the livelihoods of smallholder coffee farmers around the world are at risk due to climate change, threatening to disrupt one of the world’s largest agricultural supply chains. The coffee supply chain represents an important arena for public and private actors to negotiate how resource flows should be governed and climate risks should be managed. Currently, neither governments nor private sector actors are sufficiently addressing TCRs (Benzie & Harris, 2020) and no clear mandates exist for actors to take ownership of this issue. Furthermore, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the main body for climate change policy and governance, does not provide any coherent recommendations on how to manage TCRs. This governance gap raises questions about what methods are likely to effectively reduce climate risk and be taken seriously by coffee market stakeholders. This policy brief explores different ways to govern TCRs, and how public and private actors view their effectiveness and legitimacy. Focusing on the Brazilian-German coffee supply chain, the brief presents a deductive framework of five governance pathways through which TCRs could be managed. It is based on 41 semi-structured interviews with 65 Brazilian and German public and private experts, including roasters, traders, cooperatives, associations and certification schemes, as well as government ministries, international development agencies, international organizations and civil society representatives.

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Simelton, Elisabeth, Rachmat Mulia, Clement Rigal, Tuan Minh Duong, Phuong Mai Nguyen, Hanna North, and Xuan Hieu Le. Beyond carbon sequestration – local knowledge about tree functions. Case study from male and female Arabica coffee farmers in Vietnam. World Agroforestry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5716/wp21025.pdf.

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Estimates of carbon sequestration for timber trees is well documented, while fruit trees are understudied. The few existing estimates indicate that fruit trees and fertiliser management on them, can substantially sequester carbon in coffee monocultures, albeit unlikely to the same extent as timber trees. A carbon investor may thus favour timber. In this light, as programs for planting billions and trillion trees are launched “to save the climate”, a wide range of gender, social, justice and environmental concerns are voiced. To challenge the mitigation perspective, we contrasted two hypothetical tree planting strategies: a mitigation (carbon finance) perspective and a livelihoods-centred (local) perspective and explored what a rapid, gender and social inclusion-oriented livelihoods perspective could bring to the process of tree selection. The survey documents indigenous knowledge of trees’ potential (dis)benefits in coffee agroforestry systems among 106 female and male arabica-growers in northwest Vietnam. The results display many similarities between women and men in term of perceived benefits from trees. Women and men prioritized trees based on their economic benefits, impacts on coffee production and improved soil fertility. However, in determining the preferred species, women considered more factors, including consequences for pest and disease (on host tree or coffee), microclimate regulation and shade provision. These findings resemble those by others from the same region and demonstrate that consulting both women and men can result in a more diverse shortlist of potential trees for agroforestry/afforestation that reflect both genders’ economic and labour contributions to the household. Furthermore, tree planting projects would benefit from seeking collaboration for bundled ecosystem services, rather than merely from carbon finance. Conversely, carbon investors can rely on farmers’ preferences and rest assured that they also contribute to sequestering carbon.

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Smith, Nick, Lindsey Gray, Matteo Cremonesi, Bo Jayatilaka, Oliver Gutsche, Allison Hall, Kevin Pedro, et al. COFFEA - Columnar Object Framework For Effective Analysis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1633739.

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Nazar, I. The Hyper Text Coffee Pot Control Protocol for Tea Efflux Appliances (HTCPCP-TEA). RFC Editor, April 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc7168.

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Emily Pappo, Emily Pappo. Is there climate-smart coffee? A search for resilient arabica varietals in Costa Rica. Experiment, April 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/9299.

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McIntyre, Phillip, Susan Kerrigan, and Marion McCutcheon. Australian Cultural and Creative Activity: A Population and Hotspot Analysis: Coffs Harbour. Queensland University of Technology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/rep.eprints.208028.

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Coffs Harbour on the north coast of NSW is a highway city sandwiched between the Great Dividing Range and the Pacific Ocean. For thousands of years it was the traditional land of the numerous Gumbaynggirr peoples. Tourism now appears to be the major industry, supplanting agriculture and timber getting, while a large service sector has grown up around a sizable retirement community. It is major holiday destination. Located further away from the coast in the midst of a dairy farming community, Bellingen has become a centre of alternative culture which relies heavily on a variety of festivals activated by energetic tree changers and numerous professionals who have relocated from Sydney. Both communities rely on the visitor economy and there have been considerable changes to how local government in this region approach strategic planning for arts and culture. The newly built Coffs Harbour Education Campus (CHEC) is an experiment in encouraging cross pollination between innovative businesses and education and incorporates TAFE NSW, Coffs Harbour Senior College and Southern Cross University as well as the Coffs Harbour Technology Park and Coffs Harbour Innovation Centre all on one site. The 250 seat Jetty Memorial Theatre is the main theatre in Coffs Harbour for local and touring productions while local halls and converted theatres are the mainstay of smaller communities in the region. As peak body Arts Mid North Coast reports, there is a good record of successful arts related events which range across all genres of music, art, sculpture, Aboriginal culture, street art, literature and even busking and opera. These are mainly managed by passionate local volunteers.

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Raychev, Nikolay. Can human thoughts be encoded, decoded and manipulated to achieve symbiosis of the brain and the machine. Web of Open Science, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37686/nsrl.v1i2.76.

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This article discusses the current state of neurointerface technologies, not limited to deep electrode approaches. There are new heuristic ideas for creating a fast and broadband channel from the brain to artificial intelligence. One of the ideas is not to decipher the natural codes of nerve cells, but to create conditions for the development of a new language for communication between the human brain and artificial intelligence tools. Theoretically, this is possible if the brain "feels" that by changing the activity of nerve cells that communicate with the computer, it is possible to "achieve" the necessary actions for the body in the external environment, for example, to take a cup of coffee or turn on your favorite music. At the same time, an artificial neural network that analyzes the flow of nerve impulses must also be directed at the brain, trying to guess the body's needs at the moment with a minimum number of movements. The most important obstacle to further progress is the problem of biocompatibility, which has not yet been resolved. This is even more important than the number of electrodes and the power of the processors on the chip. When you insert a foreign object into your brain, it tries to isolate itself from it. This is a multidisciplinary topic not only for doctors and psychophysiologists, but also for engineers, programmers, mathematicians. Of course, the problem is complex and it will be possible to overcome it only with joint efforts.

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