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Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 14 березня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "CNG Engines"

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Li, Xi Qin, Su Yan Cai, Bing Liu, and Xue Qun He. "Study on Emission Control of CNG Engine Based on D-S Evidence Theory." Applied Mechanics and Materials 109 (October 2011): 281–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.109.281.

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To reduce emissions, CNG engines are commonly equipped with three-way catalytic converters. However when the engines run at transient conditions, the air fuel ratio can not be precisely controlled at theoretical value by traditional means, so the catalytic converters can not achieve their desired effect. This paper presents a new method for CNG engines to control air fuel ratio at transient conditions. The moments which intake and exhaust valves open are used as the trigger signals for ECU to collect the test data simultaneously. The dynamic information of CNG engine is detected by multiple sensors; the nonlinear coupling relationship between air fuel ratio of CNG engine and the operating conditions are established through information fusion and neural network control. The requirement of real time control for air fuel ratio is achieved, so the emissions of CNG engines are reduced further.
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2

Jamrozik, Arkadiusz, Wojciech Tutak, and Karol Grab-Rogaliński. "An Experimental Study on the Performance and Emission of the diesel/CNG Dual-Fuel Combustion Mode in a Stationary CI Engine." Energies 12, no. 20 (October 12, 2019): 3857. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12203857.

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One of the possibilities to reduce diesel fuel consumption and at the same time reduce the emission of diesel engines, is the use of alternative gaseous fuels, so far most commonly used to power spark ignition engines. The presented work concerns experimental research of a dual-fuel compression-ignition (CI) engine in which diesel fuel was co-combusted with CNG (compressed natural gas). The energy share of CNG gas was varied from 0% to 95%. The study showed that increasing the share of CNG co-combusted with diesel in the CI engine increases the ignition delay of the combustible mixture and shortens the overall duration of combustion. For CNG gas shares from 0% to 45%, due to the intensification of the combustion process, it causes an increase in the maximum pressure in the cylinder, an increase in the rate of heat release and an increase in pressure rise rate. The most stable operation, similar to a conventional engine, was characterized by a diesel co-combustion engine with 30% and 45% shares of CNG gas. Increasing the CNG share from 0% to 90% increases the nitric oxide emissions of a dual-fuel engine. Compared to diesel fuel supply, co-combustion of this fuel with 30% and 45% CNG energy shares contributes to the reduction of hydrocarbon (HC) emissions, which increases after exceeding these values. Increasing the share of CNG gas co-combusted with diesel fuel, compared to the combustion of diesel fuel, reduces carbon dioxide emissions, and almost completely reduces carbon monoxide in the exhaust gas of a dual-fuel engine.
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HÄNGGI, Severin, Thomas HILFIKER, Patrik SOLTIC, Richard HUTTER, and Christopher ONDER. "Control-oriented analysis of a lean-burn light-duty natural gas research engine with scavenged pre-chamber ignition." Combustion Engines 176, no. 1 (February 1, 2019): 42–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-2019-106.

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Natural gas is well-suited as a fuel in the transport sector. Due to its excellent combustion characteristics, engines operating with compressed natural gas (CNG) reach high efficiency, especially if operated at lean conditions. However, CNG engine research mainly focusses on stoichiometric conditions in order to use a three-way catalytic converter for the exhaust gas after treatment system. With the objective to explore the potential of CNG engines operated at lean conditions, a turbo-charged CNG engine with high com-pression ratio is developed and optimized for lean operation. In order to increase the ignition energy, the CNG engine is equipped with scavenged pre-chambers. A specific control structure is developed, which allows to operate the engine at a pre-defined (lean) air-to-fuel ratio. Further functionalities such as the combustion placement control and algorithms to estimate the conditions inside of the pre-chamber are implemented. The first part of this paper describes this engine control structure, which is specifically developed for the lean-burn CNG engine. In the second part, the effects of pre-chamber scavenging on engine performance criteria such as the combustion stability, engine efficiency or engine emissions are analyzed. With the objective to use pre-chamber scavenging to improve engine performance, a scavenging feed-back control strategy is proposed. In order to control the ignition delay, this strategy adapts the amount of CNG injected into the pre-chamber with a linear controller or an extremum seeking algorithm depending on the air-to-fuel ratio of the main chamber.
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Nguyen Thanh Tuan, Le Minh Xuan, Nguyen Trung Hieu, Doan Phuoc Tho, and Nguyen Phu Dong. "Research using the CNG fuel system from the petrol fuel system for the honda wave engine." Journal of Technical Education Science, no. 66 (October 28, 2021): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.54644/jte.66.2021.1068.

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The article presents research on Honda wave motorcycle engines using CNG gas based on a corresponding gasoline fuel injection system. In the study, we choose a solution using two nozzles suitable when switching to using CNG fuel. According to the throttle opening, the test results are conducted and can confirm that the engine, when using CNG, has reduced power and torque compared to gasoline. However, using a CNG fuel supply system from the fuel injection system saves time and cost of design and manufacture. The installation is simple, no need to interfere with the engine combustion chamber. As a result, the engine on the car operates reliably, stably, and reliably.
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Kakaee, Amirhasan, and Majid Karimi. "A Comparative Study on Influence of Natural Gas Composition on the Performance of a CNG Engine." Mapta Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering (MJMIE) 2, no. 3 (December 20, 2018): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.33544/mjmie.v2i3.76.

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Natural gas is the cleanest fossil fuel and it has high energy conversion efficiencies for power generation in internal combustion engines. Natural gases have varying composition depending on the place where they are produced. This paper studies the effects of natural gas composition on the combustion and emissions characteristics of CNG engines and presents the overall combustion characteristics obtained from running a 1.65 L, 4-cylinder EF 7 CNG engine. Engine power, Torque, BMEP and BSFC were measured under steady state operation conditions at full load conditions. The obtained simulation results were compared with experimental ones in the literature and showed that the CNG composition had a considerable influence on engine performance and fuel economy. A correlation has been proposed to help gain insight into the relationship between the Methane Number (MN) and engine power, and it provides a practical method for estimating the engine power when the composition of natural gases varies.
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Permana, Ade Indra. "Performance Analysis of Diesel Engine Simulation Into CNG Engine." AME (Aplikasi Mekanika dan Energi): Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Mesin 8, no. 2 (August 5, 2022): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.32832/ame.v8i2.6944.

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<pre><em>The fundamental problem in meeting fuel consumption for the operation of diesel engines is in terms of costs and ensuring the availability of the fuel. So that the idea of using alternative fuels other than diesel fuel arises. And the recommendation is gas fuel (compressed natural gas) for several reasons including cheaper prices and Indonesia has abundant natural gas reserves. Because the properties of CNG and diesel oil are different, it is necessary to modify the diesel engine before being able to use alternative gas fuels. And in this journal, what is analyzed is the performance of diesel engines and diesel engines that have been modified into CNG engines connected to RPM. The analyzed performance includes brake power, brake torque, fuel consumption, and volumetric efficiency. The analysis process is carried out through a simulation using the GT-Power software. From the simulation, it is known that the use of CNG as a fuel reduces exhaust emissions even though it reduces engine performance in terms of power, torque, BMEP. And tends to increase fuel consumption.</em><em></em></pre>
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Maehara, Mitsuhiro, Kuniaki Nakajima, Takenori Fukushima, Kozo Uchiyama, Seiichi Shiga, Mikiya Araki, Hisao Nakamura, and Tomio Obokata. "Operation of a Two-Stroke S. I. Engine with Scavenging-Port Injection of CNG(CNG and Alternative Fuels, CNG Engines)." Proceedings of the International symposium on diagnostics and modeling of combustion in internal combustion engines 2004.6 (2004): 409–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jmsesdm.2004.6.409.

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Liu, Yu, Guo Chang Zhao, Zhi Hai Kou, and S. S. Chung. "A Study on the Spray Characteristics of SIDI CNG Engine Based on a Visualization System." Advanced Materials Research 860-863 (December 2013): 1060–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.860-863.1060.

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Compressed natural gas (CNG) is regarded as one of the most promising alternative fuels, is widely used for the automobile engines. In order to improve the thermal efficiency of CNG engine, the direct-injection (DI) technology has been adopted. The stratified CNG mixture can be ignited by the spark plug which is installed near the injector nozzle, so the lean combustion can be subsequently achieved. For the direct-injection spark-ignition (DISI) engine, the reliable ignition is a foundational problem for the reliable operation, so it is very important to study on the spray characteristics of DISI engine. In our study, a combustion chamber is designed and a visualization system is built. The DI CNG spray's injection process was digital recorded with the schlieren optical system under different experiment conditions. The spray characteristics of the DI CNG engine were analyzed with the experimental results.
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Herynek, Roland, Kaufmann Heiko Kaiser, Winfried Langer, and Frank Miller. "Future Engine Control for Spark-Ignited CNG Engines." ATZautotechnology 12, no. 3 (June 2012): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1365/s35595-012-0120-1.

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Herynek, Roland, Heiko Kaiser, Winfried Langer, and Frank Miller. "Future Engine Control for Spark-Ignited CNG Engines." Auto Tech Review 1, no. 12 (March 1, 2012): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1365/s40112-012-0191-9.

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Дисертації з теми "CNG Engines"

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Königsson, Fredrik. "On Combustion in the CNG-Diesel Dual Fuel Engine." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Förbränningsmotorteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-151188.

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Currently there is a large interest in alternative transport fuels. There are two underlying reasons for this interest: the desire to decrease the environmental impact of transports and the need to compensate for the declining availability of petroleum. In the light of both these factors, the CNG-diesel dual fuelengine is an attractive concept. The primary fuel of the dual fuel engine is methane, which can be derived both from renewables and from fossil sources. Methane from organic waste, commonly referred to as biomethane, can provide a reduction in greenhouse gases unmatched by any other fuel. Furthermore, fossil methane, natural gas, is one of the most abundant fossil fuels.Thedual fuelengine is, from a combustion point of view, a hybridof the diesel and theOtto-engineand it shares characteristics with both. From a market standpoint, the dual fuel technology is highly desirable; however, from a technical point of view it has proven difficult to realize. The aim of this project was to identify limitations to engine operation, investigate these challenges, and ,as much as possible, suggest remedies. Investigations have been made into emissions formation, nozzle-hole coking, impact of varying in-cylinder air motion, behavior and root causes of pre-ignitions, and the potential of advanced injection strategies and unconventional combustion modes. The findings from each of these investigations have been summarized, and recommendations for the development of a Euro 6 compliant dual fuel engine have been formulated. Two key challenges must be researched further for this development to succeed: an aftertreatment system which allows for low exhaust temperatures must be available, and the root cause of pre-ignitions must be found and eliminated.

QQC 20140915

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Šmerda, Ondřej. "Návrh koncepce leteckého motoru na CNG." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-401574.

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Master’s thesis deals with comparsion and rating the compressed natural gas as an aircraft piston engine fuel. An information search of conventional fuels and differences of the fuel systems for AVGAS and CNG is included. Next part describes the aircraft and its engine on which is the mathematic model based. After that perfomance and consumption data are calculated for both fuels and the results are then compared. At the end of the thesis, a design of the CNG fuel system with components selection is described.
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Rahimi, Najmeh. "NOx reduction in a compressed natural gas (CNG) engine with humid air intake." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10011272.

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One of the major environmental challenges facing our planet and living beings is the global warming. This phenomena, known as the gradual increase in the overall temperature of earth's atmosphere is mostly caused by the greenhouse eect which is a result of increased levels of greenhouse gases. Major constitutes of these gases are Carbon Dioxide (CO2) and Nitrogen Oxides (NOx). Transportation sector is responsible for releasing a signicant portion of these gases into the atmosphere. In recent decades, many endeavors such as using alternative fuels and modications in engine cycles have been made to control the amount of pollutants emitted from internal combustion engines. In this work, the impact of adding humidity to the input Oxidizer stream on reduction of NOx and Carbone Dioxide (CO2) of a CNG engine has been studied. With the addition of the humidity, the combustion temperature will be reduced which improves the engines lifespan. Non-Premixed combustion process in a single cylinder is simulated using the STAR CCM+ software from CD-Adapco company, using the Presumed Probability Density Function (PPDF) combustion model which is an accurate model for combustion. Simulation results indicate with 10% humid air, signicant reductions in NOx and CO2 are obtained, with a moderate increase in CO output. Adding humidity results in total emission reduction.

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Wojcik, Rudolf. "Sací potrubí zážehového motoru na CNG o výkonu 140kW." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231036.

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The master´s thesis is focused on the design of the multi-point CNG injection for the VW 1.4 TSI intake manifold turbocharged spark ignited engine. The 3D model that was created using Autodesk Inventor Professional 2012 is based on the real intake manifold. This model served as an input for CFD analyses of mixing CNG with air. These were made in STAR-CCM+ software.
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Hillstrom, David Roger. "Light Duty Natural Gas Engine Characterization." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1408967285.

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Han, Yuwei. "Ultra-Low NOx Measurement and Emission Factors Evaluation of a Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) Heavy-Duty Engine." Thesis, University of California, Riverside, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10194518.

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Heavy duty on-road vehicles represent one of the largest sources of NO x emissions and fuel consumption in North America. Heavy duty vehicles are predominantly fueled with diesel, with the recent interest in natural gas (NG) systems. As emissions and greenhouse gas regulations continue to tighten new opportunities for advanced fleet specific heavy duty vehicles are becoming available with improved fuel economy. NOx emissions have dropped 90% for heavy duty vehicles with the recent 2010 certification limit. Additional NOx reductions of another 90% are desired for the South Coast Air basin to meet its 2023 NOx inventory requirements and the California optional low NOx standard in 2015.

One of the difficulties in quantifying NOx emissions at the levels proposed in this research (90% of the 2010 certification level ~ 0.02 g/bhp-hr) is the measurement methods are approaching their detection limit to sufficiently quantify NOx emissions. Three upgraded NO x measurement methods were considered which include a raw NOx measurement integrated with real time exhaust flow, a real-time ambient correction approach, and a trace level ambient analyzer for accurate bag analysis. In summary the improved methods varied in their success where the raw sampling approach showed to be the most accurate and precise over the rage of conditions tested.

The ISL G NZ 8.9 liter NG engine met and exceeded the target NO x emissions of 0.02 g/bhp-hr. This engine significantly reduced 97%–100% of NOx emissions compared with previous ISL G 8.9 engines. The NOx emissions decreased as the duty cycle was decreased which was the opposite trend for the diesel vehicles. It is expected NG vehicles could play a role in the reduction of the south coast NOx inventory problem given their near zero emission factors demonstrated.

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Tenora, Tomáš. "Racionalizace výroby součásti zemědělského stroje." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-318724.

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This master's thesis deals with the process of machining a forged connecting rod in cooperation with the company Zetor Tractors a.s. The first chapter of the thesis is focused on a detailed introduction of the company. The second chapter includes an elaborate analysis of the technical documentation and requirements concerning the making process of the subject of study, specifically the construction of the connecting rod. In the third chapter, the current production technology is discussed and described in detail. The aim of the fourth chapter is to propose an innovative technology which can be used for the production of connecting rods in the required quality. The fifth chapter is aimed at testing the newly designed technology. In the final, sixth, chapter, a technical and economical evaluation of the proposed procedure is performed.
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Ringenson, Josefin. "Efficiency of CNN on Heterogeneous Processing Devices." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Programvara och system, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-155034.

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In the development of advanced driver assistance systems, computer vision problemsneed to be optimized to run efficiently on embedded platforms. Convolutional neural network(CNN) accelerators have proven to be very efficient for embedded camera platforms,such as the ones used for automotive vision systems. Therefore, the focus of this thesisis to evaluate the efficiency of a CNN on a future embedded heterogeneous processingdevice. The memory size in an embedded system is often very limited, and it is necessary todivide the input into multiple tiles. In addition, there are power and speed constraintsthat needs to be met to be able to use a computer vision system in a car. To increaseefficiency and optimize the memory usage, different methods for CNN layer fusion areproposed and evaluated for a variety of tile sizes. Several different layer fusion methods and input tile sizes are chosen as optimal solutions,depending on the depth of the layers in the CNN. The solutions investigated inthe thesis are most efficient for deep CNN layers, where the number of channels is high.
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Jelínek, Petr. "Obrobení náboje kola formulového vozu na CNC obráběcím centru." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229749.

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The master thesis deals with design and manufacturing of rear right formula hub on CNC machining centre by using modern CAD/CAM technologies. The theoretical part is focused on description and characterization of milling technology and machinability of aluminium alloys. The practical part is focused on the designing formula hub in CAD software Pro/Engineer, proposing machining strategies by using CAM software PowerMILL and manufacturing on CNC machine. There is technical economic evaluation of the machined part at the end of the thesis.
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Morgan, Jolvani. "TÉCNICAS DE SEGMENTAÇÃO DE IMAGENS NA GERAÇÃO DE PROGRAMAS PARA MÁQUINAS DE COMANDO NUMÉRICO." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2008. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/8071.

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This work describes a tool for extraction of features in 2D images applied to industrial automation. The method uses techniques implemented targeting of images into pieces model as detection of edges in the extraction of spatial coordinates of the image and import applications in CAD (Computer-Aided Design) for the generation of programmers for Computer Numerical Control (CNC). This work is to copy a particular model (image) from an existing object, which features a process of reverse engineering. An initial prototype was developed using the Java language with the Eclipse IDE and library for handling complex images, the API Java Advanced Image (JAI). For the acquisition of parts to be machined, was prepared an environment of lighting to highlight areas of interest improving the luminance of the same and enabling the application of techniques developed in this prototype. Different operators for detecting edges were exploited in order to implement the best technical and that best represent the real piece. A new technique of targeting the prototype was adapted from the integration of technology Java / MatLab and with the acquisition of images through technical Multi-flash. After the application of different processing techniques, a text file containing the coordinates of the image (piece) is generated and imported into CAD. In the CAD environment, runs calculating the trajectory of the tool that identifies the geometry of the piece and defines the path of the tool in the generation of CNC program for breeding the same. Results presented and evaluation of the tool demonstrates the feasibility of applying the automated system developed as part of parts to play in numerical control machines.
O presente trabalho descreve uma ferramenta para extração de características em imagens 2D aplicado à automação industrial. O método implementado utiliza técnicas de segmentação de imagens em peças modelo, como detecção de bordas, na extração das coordenadas espaciais da imagem e importação em aplicativos CAD (Computer-Aided Design) para a geração de programas de Comando Numérico Computadorizado (CNC). Este trabalho consiste em copiar um determinado modelo (imagem) partindo de um objeto já existente, o que caracteriza um processo de engenharia reversa. Um protótipo inicial foi desenvolvido usando a linguagem Java com o IDE Eclipse e a biblioteca para manipulação de imagens complexas, o API Java Advanced Image (JAI). Para a aquisição das peças a serem usinadas, foi elaborado um ambiente de iluminação a fim de ressaltar áreas de interesse melhorando a luminância das mesmas e viabilizando a aplicação das técnicas desenvolvidas nesse protótipo. Diferentes operadores de detecção de bordas foram explorados, a fim de aplicar a melhor técnica e que melhor representasse a peça real. Uma nova técnica de segmentação foi adaptada ao protótipo, a partir da integração da tecnologia Java/MatLab e com a aquisição de imagens através da técnica Multi-flash. Após a aplicação de diferentes técnicas de processamento, um arquivo texto contendo as coordenadas da imagem (peça) é gerado e importado no CAD. No ambiente CAD, é executado o cálculo da trajetória da ferramenta que identifica a geometria da peça e define o caminho da ferramenta na geração do programa CNC para reprodução da mesma. Resultados apresentados e a avaliação da ferramenta demonstram a viabilidade de aplicação do sistema desenvolvido como parte automatizada para reprodução de peças em máquinas de comando numérico.
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Книги з теми "CNG Engines"

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United States. Department of Energy. Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. Facts about CNG & LPG conversion. Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, 1994.

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2

United States. Dept. of Energy. Office of Transportation Technologies, ed. Facts about CNG & LPG conversion. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Dept. of Energy, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Transportation Technologies, 1997.

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3

John, Mueller. CNA/CNE study guide. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1998.

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4

Mueller, John. The Novell CNA/CNE study guide. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1996.

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5

A, Williams Robert, ed. The Novell CNA/CNE study guide. New York: Windcrest/McGraw-Hill, 1995.

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6

Mueller, John. All-in-one Novell 5 CNA/CNE exam guide. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2000.

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7

Shilmover, Barry. Exam cram for NetWare 5 administration CNE/CNA. Albany, NY: Coriolis Group Books, 1999.

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8

Jia, Naihua. Cang hai yi ye zhou. Xianggang: Huan qiu wen hau chu ban she, 2004.

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9

James, Chellis, ed. The CNE-4 study guide. San Fransisco: Network Press, 1996.

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10

author, He Jinbo, and Huang Kun author, eds. Gang suo cang long ba guan jiu zhou: Fang Qinhan zhuan. Shanghai: Shanghai jiao tong da xue chu ban she, 2015.

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Частини книг з теми "CNG Engines"

1

Jeevan Dass, G., and P. A. Lakshminarayanan. "Conversion of Diesel Engines for CNG Fuel Operation." In Energy, Environment, and Sustainability, 341–92. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0970-4_9.

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Boretti, Alberto. "Dual Fuel CNG-Diesel Heavy Duty Truck Engines with Optimum Speed Power Turbine." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 897–920. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33750-5_6.

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Li, Xiqin, Ruijin Wang, and Bing Liu. "Synchronous Measuring Device and Its Operating Method for Air Fuel Ratio of CNG Engines." In Advances in Computer Science, Environment, Ecoinformatics, and Education, 113–18. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23324-1_20.

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Vogler, Christian, Jonathan Hall, Benjamin Hibberd, Simon Streng, and Michael Bassett. "Downsized Engine optimised for CNG Operation." In Proceedings, 499–513. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-23181-1_25.

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Xie, Tianchi, Hongqi Liu, Haipeng Deng, Yupeng Wang, and Ying Gao. "Research on Diagnostics Methods of CNG Engine After Treatment Catalyst." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 1896–903. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3648-5_243.

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Oder, Johannes, Hermann Rottengruber, Christian Wouters, Marco Günther, and Stefan Pischinger. "CNG-DI-Engine at λ = 1-Operation with Highload-EGR." In Proceedings, 353–76. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-33521-2_25.

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Lin, Xuedong, Fang-en Yuan, and Ya Huang. "Effect of the Injection Method in DI CNG Engine on the Flame Propagation Process and Engine Performance." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 157–69. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33841-0_12.

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Zulkifli, Abd Fathul Hakim, Mas Fawzi Mohd Ali, Muammar Mukhsin Ismail, and Shahrul Azmir Osman. "Engine Monitoring During Tuning Process for Diesel-Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) Dual Fuel Engine Using Statistical Approach." In Springer Proceedings in Physics, 391–403. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8903-1_34.

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Serrano, David, and Lecointe Bertrand. "Exploring the Potential of Dual Fuel Diesel-CNG Combustion for Passenger Car Engine." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 139–53. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33777-2_11.

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Herrera, Jose, Joshua Toohey, Boxin Jin, Thomas Rogers, and Lucien Koopmans. "Effects of Different Port Injection CNG System Configurations on a 3.8L V6 Engine." In Sustainable Automotive Technologies 2012, 103–10. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-24145-1_15.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "CNG Engines"

1

Kallinen, Kauko, Matti Härkönen, and Mikko Pitkänen. "ADVANCED CATALYSTS FOR CNG-ENGINES." In SIAT 2004. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2004-28-0028.

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2

Hara, K., H. Yonetani, N. Okanishi, and I. Fukutani. "CNG Utilization in Small Engines." In International Congress & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/940763.

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Dyntar, David, Christopher Onder, and Lino Guzzella. "Modeling and Control of CNG Engines." In SAE 2002 World Congress & Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2002-01-1295.

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Anand, G., M. R. Ravi, and J. P. Subrahmanyam. "Performance and Emissions of Natural Gas and Hydrogen/Natural Gas Blended Fuels in Spark Ignition Engine." In ASME 2005 Internal Combustion Engine Division Spring Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ices2005-1098.

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Анотація:
The basic intent of the present work is to evaluate the potential of using alternative gaseous fuels like compressed natural gas (CNG) and H2/CNG as a spark ignition (SI) engine (lean burn engines) fuel. Computer modeling of internal combustion engine is useful in understanding the complex processes that occur in the combustion chamber. This research deals with quasi-dimensional, two-zone thermodynamic simulation of four-stroke SI engine fueled with CNG and H2/CNG. The fraction of hydrogen in the H2/CNG blend, for simulation was varied from 0–60% by volume. The developed computer model has been used for the prediction of the combustion and emission characteristics of H2/CNG blended fuel in SI engines, which includes the power, thermal efficiency, cylinder pressure-crank angle history, exhaust emissions (NOx and CO), fuel consumption, combustion duration, ignition delay, etc. Predicted results indicate that the presence of hydrogen in H2/CNG blend can improve combustion duration as it has a higher flame speed. There are increases in oxides of nitrogen emissions, but decrease in carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emissions, when comparing H2/CNG blended fuel to neat CNG. The validity of the model has been carried out by comparing the computed results with experimental data obtained under same engine setup and operating conditions. The results obtained from the theoretical model when compared with those from experimental ones show a good agreement. Also, the effects of the many operating parameters such as equivalence ratio, engine speed, and spark timing have been studied.
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Sahoo, Sridhar, and Dhananjay Kumar Srivastava. "Environment and Economic Assessment of CNG and Gasoline Engines: An Experimental Analysis." In ASME 2021 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2021-66772.

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Abstract The application of alternative fuels in automobile engines is gaining more popularity among the scientific community than ever. Most of the research emphasis is on the performance and combustion aspect of the engine. The environmental and economic evaluation of these fuels is also equally important for sustainability, which is relatively unexplored and needs to be evaluated. The present work compares the environmental and economic aspects of a spark ignition (SI) engine fueled with gasoline and compressed natural gas (CNG). To study the environmental impact, regulated and unregulated emissions coming out from the engine exhaust were compared. For economic assessment, annual fuel consumption and associated fuel cost were compared under similar engine operating conditions. The economic cost associated with the environmental impact was calculated based on carbon dioxide emissions and compared using carbon pricing. Experiments on an SI engine were performed at various engine loads to achieve a range of operating conditions to evaluate fuel consumption and engine-out emissions. Results show that a CNG fueled engine has 12.7% lower brake specific fuel consumption than the gasoline engine, which leads to 56% lower fuel cost. It is due to the cumulative effect of higher calorific value and the lower fuel price of CNG compared to gasoline. Additionally, average environment emission and associated cost due to carbon dioxide (CO2) emission reduced by 29% using CNG over gasoline. This study shows that CNG can lead to lesser fuel consumption and its associated fuel and environment cost compared to gasoline.
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Ochoa, A., Harry A. Dwyer, J. Wallace, and C. J. Brodrick. "Emisssions from Hydrogen Enriched CNG Production Engines." In SAE Powertrain & Fluid Systems Conference & Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2002-01-2687.

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7

Navarro-Peris, Emilio, Estefanía Hervas-Blasco, José M. Corberan, and Alex Rinaldi. "GASTONE: New Powertrain Concept for CNG Engines." In SAE 2016 World Congress and Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2016-01-0631.

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8

Shamekhi, Abazar, Nima Khatibzadeh, and Amir H. Shamekhi. "Performance and Emissions Characteristics Investigation of a Bi-Fuel SI Engine Fuelled by CNG and Gasoline." In ASME 2006 Internal Combustion Engine Division Spring Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ices2006-1387.

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Nowadays, increased attention has been focused on internal combustion engine fuels. Regarding environmental effects of internal combustion engines particularly as pollutant sources and depletion of fossil fuel resources, compressed natural gas (CNG) has been introduced as an effective alternative to gasoline and diesel fuel in many applications. A high research octane number allows combustion at higher compression ratios without knocking and good emission characteristics of HC and CO are major benefits of CNG as an engine fuel. In this paper, CNG as an alternative fuel in a spark ignition engine has been considered. Engine performance and exhaust emissions have been experimentally studied for CNG and gasoline in a wide range of the engine operating conditions.
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Friedrich, Wolfgang, Roman Grzeszik, and Michael Wensing. "Mixture Formation in a CNG-DI Engine in Stratified Operation." In 12th International Conference on Engines & Vehicles. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2015-24-2474.

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10

Königsson, Fredrik, Per Risberg, and Hans-Erik Angstrom. "Nozzle Coking in CNG-Diesel Dual Fuel Engines." In SAE 2014 International Powertrain, Fuels & Lubricants Meeting. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2014-01-2700.

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Звіти організацій з теми "CNG Engines"

1

Wallner, Thomas. Efficiency-Optimized Dual Fuel Engine with In-Cylinder Gasoline/CNG Blending. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1495698.

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Oguchi, Makoto, Akira Maeda, Motoaki Oyama, Kenji Tsuchiya, Takahiko Ohashi, Yuichi Goto, and Akira Noda. Trial Production and Evaluation of Low Emission Heavy- Duty CNG Engine. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-08-0544.

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3

Maehara, Mitsuhiro, Hideo Kishimoto, Shoichi Arai, Takenori Fukushima, Mikiya Araki, Seiichi Shiga, Hisao Nakamura, and Tomio Obokata. Application of Scavenging-Port Injection to a Two-Stroke Boat Engine Fueled with CNG. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, October 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-32-0083.

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4

Chappell, Mark, Wu-Sheng Shih, Cynthia Price, Rishi Patel, Daniel Janzen, John Bledsoe, Kay Mangelson, et al. Environmental life cycle assessment on CNTRENE® 1030 material and CNT based sensors. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42086.

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Анотація:
This report details a study investigating the environmental impacts associated with the development and manufacturing of carbon nanotube (CNT)–based ink (called CNTRENE 1030 material) and novel CNT temperature, flex, and moisture sensors. Undertaken by a private-public partnership involving Brewer Science (Rolla, Missouri), Jordan Valley Innovation Center of Missouri State University (Springfield, Missouri), and the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center (Vicksburg, Mississippi), this work demonstrates the environmental life cycle assessment (ELCA) methodology as a diagnostic tool to pinpoint the particular processes and materials posing the greatest environmental impact associated with the manufacture of the CNTRENE material and CNT-based sensor devices. Additionally, ELCA tracked the degree to which optimizing the device manufacturing process for full production also changed its predicted marginal environmental impacts.
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Bozza, F., A. Gimelli, S. Fontanesi, and E. Severi. 1D and 3D CFD Investigation of Burning Process and Knock Occurrence in a Gasoline or CNG fuelled Two-Stroke SI Engine. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, November 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2011-32-0526.

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6

Sadhik Basha, J., and R. B. Anand. Impact of CNT Blended Biodiesel Emulsion Fuel in a Diesel Engine: An Experimental Investigation. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, October 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2012-32-0025.

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7

Fahima, Tzion, and Jorge Dubcovsky. Map-based cloning of the novel stripe rust resistance gene YrG303 and its use to engineer 1B chromosome with multiple beneficial traits. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7598147.bard.

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Анотація:
Research problem: Bread wheat (Triticumaestivum) provides approximately 20% of the calories and proteins consumed by humankind. As the world population continues to increase, it is necessary to improve wheat yields, increase grain quality, and minimize the losses produced by biotic and abiotic stresses. Stripe rust, caused by Pucciniastriiformisf. sp. tritici(Pst), is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat. The new pathogen races are more virulent and aggressive than previous ones and have produced large economic losses. A rich source for stripe-rust resistance genes (Yr) was found in wild emmer wheat populations from Israel. Original Project goals: Our long term goal is to identify, map, clone, characterize and deploy in breeding, novel wild emmer Yr genes, and combine them with multiple beneficial traits. The current study was aiming to map and clone YrG303 and Yr15, located on chromosome 1BS and combine them with drought resistance and grain quality genes. Positional cloning of YrG303/Yr15: Fine mapping of these genes revealed that YrG303 is actually allelic to Yr15. Fine genetic mapping using large segregating populations resulted in reduction of the genetic interval spanning Yr15 to less than 0.1 cM. Physical mapping of the YrG303/Yr15 locus was based on the complete chromosome 1BS physical map of wheat constructed by our group. Screening of 1BS BAC library with Yr15 markers revealed a long BAC scaffold covering the target region. The screening of T. dicoccoidesaccession-specific BAC library with Yr15 markers resulted in direct landing on the target site. Sequencing of T. dicoccoidesBAC clones that cover the YrG303/Yr15 locus revealed a single candidate gene (CG) with conserved domains that may indicate a role in disease resistance response. Validation of the CG was carried out using EMS mutagenesis (loss-of- function approach). Sequencing of the CG in susceptible yr15/yrG303 plants revealed three independent mutants that harbour non-functional yr15/yrG303 alleles within the CG conserved domains, and therefore validated its function as a Pstresistance gene. Evaluation of marker-assisted-selection (MAS) for Yr15. Introgressions of Yr15 into cultivated wheat are widely used now. Recently, we have shown that DNA markers linked to Yr15 can be used as efficient tools for introgression of Yr15 into cultivated wheat via MAS. The developed markers were consistent and polymorphic in all 34 tested introgressions and are the most recommended markers for the introgression of Yr15. These markers will facilitate simultaneous selection for multiple Yr genes and help to avoid escapees during the selection process. Engineering of improved chromosome 1BS that harbors multiple beneficial traits. We have implemented the knowledge and genetic resources accumulated in this project for the engineering of 1B "super-chromosome" that harbors multiple beneficial traits. We completed the generation of a chromosome including the rye 1RS distal segment associated with improved drought tolerance with the Yr gene, Yr15, and the strong gluten allele 7Bx-over-expressor (7Bxᴼᴱ). We have completed the introgression of this improved chromosome into our recently released variety Patwin-515HP and our rain fed variety Kern, as well as to our top breeding lines UC1767 and UC1745. Elucidating the mechanism of resistance exhibited by Yr36 (WKS1). The WHEAT KINASE START1 (WKS1) resistance gene (Yr36) confers partial resistance to Pst. We have shown that wheat plants transformed with WKS1 transcript are resistant to Pst. WKS1 is targeted to the chloroplast where it phosphorylates the thylakoid-associatedascorbateperoxidase (tAPX) and reduces its ability to detoxify peroxides. Based on these results, we propose that the phosphorylation of tAPX by WKS1 reduces the ability of the cells to detoxify ROS and contributes to cell death. Distribution and diversity of WKS in wild emmer populations. We have shown that WKS1 is present only in the southern distribution range of wild emmer in the Fertile Crescent. Sequence analysis revealed a high level of WKS1 conservation among wild emmer populations, in contrast to the high level of diversity observed in NB-LRR genes. This phenomenon shed some light on the evolution of genes that confer partial resistance to Pst. Three new WKS1 haplotypes displayed a resistance response, suggesting that they can be useful to improve wheat resistance to Pst. In summary, we have improved our understanding of cereals’ resistance mechanisms to rusts and we have used that knowledge to develop improved wheat varieties.
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