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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Citizen's initiative"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 7 вересня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Citizen's initiative"

Organ, James. "Decommissioning Direct Democracy? A Critical Analysis of Commission Decision-Making on the Legal Admissibility of European Citizens Initiative Proposals." European Constitutional Law Review 10, no. 3 (December 2014): 422–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s157401961400131x.

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European Citizens' Initiative – Direct democracy: power to the people? – Legal framework of the Citizen's Initiative – Review and critical analysis of Commission Registration decisions for European Citizens' Initiative proposals – Admissibility criteria – Inconsistency in registration decisions – Increased legal burden on European citizens' initiative organisers – Institutional mediation or direct democracy?

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Davies, Bleddyn. "Giving EU Citizens a voice: Regulation 211/2011 on the EU Citizen's Initiative." Journal of Social Welfare and Family Law 33, no. 3 (September 2011): 289–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09649069.2011.626253.

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Red'ko, Aleksandr. "Legal awareness and legal education as a form of implementation of legal initiative." Advances in Law Studies 9, no. 3 (October 7, 2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/2409-5087-2021-9-3-1-5.

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The modern society of the Russian Federation is faced with the massive incompetence of specialists in various fields of activity and branches of knowledge. The situation reached such a climax that a person and a citizen began to be openly afraid to get sick, to turn to law enforcement or human rights bodies, to delve into the essence or content of laws in the event of any kind of tort. Setting ourselves the goal of understanding such destructive processes for the state, as well as the ways of their counteraction, we came to the conclusion that these phenomena of objective reality are associated with both external and internal causes, and one of the ways to eliminate them may be recognition and the development of the right of active citizens and civil society to legal initiative. Considering that the sphere of research interests was in the plane of law, it became possible to conduct a study in the field of legal awareness and legal education, which does not exclude the possibility of using the identified positive and negative aspects for other spheres of human and citizen's life.

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Al-Yaseen, Hussein, Anas Ratib Al-Soud, and Saheer Al-Jaghoub. "Assessing Jordan's e-Government Maturity Level." International Journal of Electronic Government Research 9, no. 4 (October 2013): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijegr.2013100101.

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Similar to other developing countries, Jordan started a national e-government initiative aiming to streamline government procedures and make information and government services available to business and citizens online. This paper presents the results of a study that assessed factors which could influence the awareness level, acceptance and use of e-government services in Jordan. It investigated issues such as: accessibility of e-government, citizen's attitude toward various privacy and security, the required services and costs. A survey has been distributed in one of the largest governorates of Jordan. The results of this preliminary study suggest that awareness of e-government has not reached the required level. These findings are hoped to be useful for researchers, practitioners and policy makers.

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Bowerman, Mary. "AUDITING PERFORMANCE INDICATORS: THE ROLE OF THE AUDIT COMMISSION IN THE CITIZEN'S CHARTER INITIATIVE." Financial Accountability and Management 11, no. 2 (May 1995): 171–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0408.1995.tb00168.x.

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Bellamy, Richard, and John Greenaway. "The New Right Conception of Citizenship and the Citizen's Charter." Government and Opposition 30, no. 4 (October 1, 1995): 469–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-7053.1995.tb00139.x.

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MANY COMMENTATORS HAVE VIEWED THE CITIZEN'S CHARTER programme as a cynical exercise, having little to do with either the political participation one associates with citizenship or the establishment of a general bill of rights in the manner of the great Charters of the past. Although these criticisms possess some force, they fail to recognize that a distinctive conception of citizenship and rights underlies the initiative. In section one, we give an outline of this view of the citizen and trace its origins in the New Right critique of the social-democratic theory that predominated during the post-war period. This exercise forms a necessary preliminary both for understanding the objectives of the policy, the task of section two, and for assessing its coherence and plausibility, the aim of section three. We shall conclude that the scheme fails because it either substitutes the market for the state where it is inappropriate or omits to do so where it might provejustified. In these respects, the combination of politics and markets from the mixed-economy perspective of the social democratic conception of citizenship may well be superior.

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De Keersmaecker, Filip, and Philippe Liesenborghs. "Building bridges between organisations and the local community." International Journal of Integrated Care 23, S1 (December 28, 2023): 758. http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/ijic.icic23293.

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Introduction: People long for connection. Yet, our society is increasingly diverse and people can be vulnerable in a number of ways (poverty/(mental) illness/language barriers/...). There is an ever growing need for inclusion, for openness. Objectives and methods: Since 2016, I seeked to improve my wellbeing - even to recover - by participating in activities outside of the mental health sector. A chance meeting led to a volunteering opportunity for opgewekTienen vzw, a citizen's initiative in my home town. This led to a string of other opportunities, both for myself and others. I helped members of the community - vulnerable or otherwise - to become participants or to enter this vast network of volunteers and witnessed others do the same. Partnerships were forged between the community, the city and a number of social organisations, between the informal and the formal sector, to increase inclusion, both among volunteers as well as participants. Key findings: People can experience (social) recovery, an increased sense of purpose and belonging, as well as significant personal growth through volunteering.There is a degree of chance in entering the volunteer network. Bridges (bridge figures/partnerships) are helpful and often even instrumental in the participation of vulnerable groups, either as volunteers or participants. Bridges can be built starting from either side (citizens/professionals). However, more often than not it is the community that takes the lead. Employees can be volunteers after work without either the employee or the employer taking advantage of this existing link. Some of the strongest leaders in the volunteering community are employed in the social/mental health sector. Inclusion is not always easy for the network of volunteers. Support is welcome, but can be lacking. Conclusions: Bridges foster inclusion. Implications: Be open as an organisation and look actively around for citizen's and community initiatives in your area. Even the smallest of informal initiatives can offer opportunities for inclusion. Identify, reach out and connect with bridge figures and social entrepreneurs. Explore existing links: volunteers in your own workforce. Stimulate employees and clients to volunteer or participate. Foster interconnection. Turn these links into a win-win situation and provide support, not by 'taking over' but by being present. References: www.opgewektienen.be

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Schiavo, Luca Lo. "Quality Standards in the Public Sector: Differences Between Italy and the UK in the Citizen's Charter initiative." Public Administration 78, no. 3 (January 2000): 679–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9299.00224.

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Breen, Michael E., and Brian R. Johnson. "Citizen Police Academies: An Analysis of Enhanced Police-Community Relations among Citizen Attendees." Police Journal: Theory, Practice and Principles 80, no. 3 (September 2007): 246–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1350/pojo.2007.80.3.246.

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One current initiative used by many police agencies across the United States to foster better police-community relations is the Citizen's Police Academy (CPA). While CPAs lack a precise academic definition, they can be considered to be a planned programme created by law enforcement agencies to educate their citizens on police operations and management. Over the last 20 years, CPA programmes have rapidly expanded among police agencies in the United States, where it is estimated that approximately 15% of all police agencies have some type of these programmes. This article expands upon the limited research on CPAs by analysing their impact on attendees. Specifically, this article explores changes in the attitudes of 48 CPA attendees who completed a 12-week/36-hour CPA programme at a Sheriff's Department in the state of Michigan. Based on the analysis of pre- and post-test responses, this study found that this particular CPA had a positive impact on the attendees' attitudes towards the police, and their understanding of police operations, crime, and quality-of-life issues in their community.

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Tárnok, Balázs. "Minority SafePack: A milestone in EU minority policy." Drustveni horizonti 3, no. 5 (2023): 79–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/drushor2305079t.

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The paper examines the Minority SafePack, a European Citizen's Initiative launched in 2013 that called upon the EU to adopt a set of legal acts to improve the protection of persons belonging to national and linguistic minorities and strengthen cultural and linguistic diversity in the Union. Firstly, we shall briefly describe the legal framework and the political perspective of the different EU institutions regarding the EU-level protection of national minorities. Secondly, we shall analyze the subject-matter, history, and signature collection of the Minority SafePack, its refusal by the European Commission, its achievements, including its legal and political relevance, and possible effects on the improvement of the rights of national minorities in the EU in the future. Finally, we shall explain why this initiative, and generally the protection of national minorities within the framework of the EU, is important from a Hungarian perspective, and why the EU should do more to protect the cultural and linguistic identity of national minorities, and thus, uphold national characteristics of the different regions of the EU, including those inhabited by national minorities.

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Citizen's initiative"

Fernandez, Andujar Miguel. "La participation du peuple à l'élaboration des normes." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Pau, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024PAUU2161.

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Sous le souvenir invétéré d'une démocratie passée, purement directe, dans laquelle le peuple décidait lui-même de toutes les questions relatives à la sphère publique, la participation populaire continue d'être une source de débats et d'études animés. Ce travail aborde cette participation populaire d'un point de vue purement juridique, en l'examinant selon les étapes d'une procédure visant à l'élaboration d'une norme. Ce faisant, il apporte une réponse à un problème jusqu'ici non résolu : déterminer si le peuple et le Parlement peuvent coexister en tant que législateurs au sein d'un même ordre juridique sans altérer radicalement la structure et le fonctionnement de l'État de droit. Afin de répondre à ce problème, la thèse est structurée en deux parties.La première partie analyse les institutions qui permettent au peuple de participer à chacune des phases d'une procédure normative. Bien que cette participation soit possible tant dans l'initiative que dans la délibération, ce n'est que dans la phase de décision par référendum que le peuple dans son ensemble agit directement, sans être médiatisé par d'autres acteurs. Dans toutes les autres phases, le peuple est toujours représenté, mais par une minorité ad-hoc émanée de son sein. C'est pourquoi on ne peut pas parler aujourd'hui d'un modèle de démocratie directe, mais tout au plus de modèles de démocratie semi-directe. Néanmoins, la recherche a permis de constater que l'exercice de la fonction législative par le peuple est juridiquement possible, même si sa capacité de créer ou d'abolir les normes loi se trouve limitée, contrairement au Parlement. La deuxième partie examine la réponse que cette participation suscite de la part des autres organes de l'État. Cette réponse s'effectue, premièrement, à travers le contrôle juridique de la participation populaire et, deuxièmement, par la modification parlementaire d'une norme précédemment adoptée par référendum. Le premier volet permet de vérifier que la participation populaire peut effectivement être soumise à un contrôle juridique, même lorsqu'elle a pour objet l'adoption d'une norme par référendum, écartant ainsi une vision sacralisée de la volonté populaire. Le second aspect prouve que le parallélisme des formes ne peut être juridiquement compris comme une identité des formes. Ainsi, le peuple et le parlement peuvent coexister en tant que co-législateurs au sein d'un même ordre juridique, bien que le premier jouisse d'un caractère exceptionnel et limité, tandis que le second conserve sa vocation de permanence
Under the inveterate memory of a past democracy, purely direct, in which the people decided for themselves all matters relating to the public sphere, popular participation continues to be a source of lively debate and study. This thesis approaches such popular participation from a purely legal perspective, examining it according to the stages of a procedure aimed at the elaboration of a norm. In doing so, it provides an answer to a hitherto unresolved problem: to determine whether the people and Parliament could coexist as legislators within the same legal order without radically altering the structure and functioning of the rule of law. To address this question, the thesis is structured in two parts.First part analyses the institutions that allow the people to participate in each of the phases of a legislative procedure. Although such participation is possible both the initiative and deliberation phases, it is only in the decision-making phase through the referendum that the people as a whole act directly, without being mediated by other actors. In all other phases, the people are always represented, albeit by an ad-hoc minority emanating from them. For this reason, it is not possible today to speak of a direct democratic model, but, at most, of semi-direct democratic models. Nevertheless, the exercise of the legislative function by the people is legally feasible, even though their ability to create or abolish rules is more limited than in the case of Parliament.Part Second examines the response that such popular participation elicits from the rest of the state organs. This response takes place, first, through the legal control of popular participation. Secondly, through the system of parliamentary modification of a rule previously adopted by referendum. The first aspect makes it possible to verify that popular participation can indeed be subject to legal control even when its object is the adoption of a rule by referendum, thus discarding a sacralised vision of the popular will. The second aspect proves that the parallelism of forms cannot be legally understood as an identity of forms. What is more, the people and parliament can coexist as co-legislators within the same legal system, although the former enjoys an exceptional character, while the latter retains its vocation of permanence

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Dorji, Sithar. "E-government initiatives in Bhutan: Government to Citizen(G2C) service delivery initiative - A case study." Thesis, Dorji, Sithar (2012) E-government initiatives in Bhutan: Government to Citizen(G2C) service delivery initiative - A case study. Masters by Coursework thesis, Murdoch University, 2012. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/11508/.

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Since the second half of 20th century the world has witnessed unprecedented waves of public sector reforms that are global in nature and scope (Miller 2005); this is commonly referred to as New Public Management (NPM) (Hood 1991; Tolofari 2005; Atreya 2002). The advent, adoption and spread of public sector reforms in both developed and developing nations was mainly driven by the quest for overcoming the problems of the traditional bureaucratic model of public administration, which is often perceived as too big, expensive and inefficient in delivering public services (UNECA 2003; Tolofari 2005; Larbi 1999; Bonina and Cordella 2008). In other words, the main objective of New Public Management (NPM) was to create more efficient, effective, transparent, accountable and responsive public sector in delivering public services (Atreya 2002; de Araújo 2000). Hence, countries around the world have initiated various innovations and initiatives in an effort to revitalize their public administration and one such initiative is the use of Information Communications Technologies (ICT) in public sector as a tool to deliver services in more efficient and effective way (UN 2008). The implementation of e-government initiatives has taken high priority on the policy agenda of most governments in developed as well as in developing nations around the world as a way towards improving the effectiveness and efficiency in public service delivery (Haldenwang 2004). Although, the use of ICT in the field of public administration promises significant potential benefits in enhancing public service delivery, numerous studies have surprisingly revealed that developing countries have experienced higher rate of failure than developed countries in implementing e-government initiatives (Dada 2006; Syamsuddin 2011). The failure according to Heeks (2002, p-1) is mainly because most, if not all, of the e-government initiatives in developing countries are predominantly based on an “imported 2 concept and imported designs” that has its origin in developed countries with a difference in context and realities from developing countries (Heeks 2002). Yet, the increasing trend in adoption of e-government in all UN member states (UN 2012) indicates that the incidence of higher rate of failures has not stopped developing countries from adopting the e-government initiatives as part of their concerted efforts towards implementing public administration reform. Like any other developing country, Bhutan too has joined the global trend in adopting egovernment initiatives in its effort to improve the public service delivery. Under the ‘Accelerating Bhutan’s Socio-Economic Development’ (ABSD) initiatives, in 2010, Bhutan embarked on an ambitious plan of providing 110 (out of 200 identified) Government-to- Citizen (G2C) services online through the one-window facility in the Community Centers by end of 2011 (Saraswati 2010; Wangchuk 2010). Among others, the main objective of G2C initiative is to improve citizens’ accessibility to services and reduce service delivery time by automating service delivery process through use of ICT and making services available online (G2C-RGoB 2010). However, given global experience of higher failure rate of e-government initiatives, the question is, whether G2C e-government initiatives in Bhutan would realize its objective and contribute to improved public service delivery, especially in the rural areas? This paper argues that despite the strong government commitment and effort in implementing e-government services, G2C e-government initiative is an over ambitious project in terms of what it can deliver, and there are many issues at the implementation level that need to be addressed for realization of its objective. As the success or failure of egovernment adoption is influenced by various factors, this paper tries to justify the above argument through analysis of G2C e-government initiative in Bhutan in the context of four 3 key factors - policy and regulatory environment; telecommunication and ICT infrastructures; application and content; and users ability to use ICT facilities. This paper is presented in four sections. The first section provides discussions on egovernment, its concept, benefits and barriers that hider its effective implementation and realization of its objectives. The second section reviews literature on policy transfer for a better understanding of why e-government initiatives, as imported idea and concept, may fail to realize its objectives in developing countries. Also, to establish the understanding of why countries around the world look abroad for policy solution to domestic problem. The third section focuses on the analysis of e-government initiatives in Bhutan - a case of G2C initiative. Finally, the last section provides summary by way of conclusion and some recommendations for the future.

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Keown, Laura Beth 1987. "Making Policy Deliberative: The Case of Citizens' Initiative Review in Oregon." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/10665.

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ix, 123 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.
Literature on deliberation has made claims that deliberation in policy making will result in increased legitimacy of collective decisions, more attention to public interests, respect among disagreeing parties, and fewer policy mistakes through complete understanding of issues. Past empirical research on deliberative projects has focused on assessing whether these outcomes of deliberation occur in reality. This research seeks to answer the question of why deliberative policy is adopted in the first place, or what leads political elites to endorse deliberation in public policy. The empirical case study explores the passage of a Citizens' Initiative Review pilot by the Oregon legislature in 2009. Using personal interviews from primary actors, I have discovered four dominant explanations for the adoption of this deliberative policy: timing, effective advocacy, exceptionalism, and low-impact legislative strategy. These conclusions help to predict the future fortunes of the Citizens' Initiative Review policy in Oregon and elsewhere.
Committee in charge: Dr. Daniel J. Tichenor, Chair; Dr. Craig Parsons; Dr. Priscilla Lewis Southwell

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Piazza, Martina <1993&gt. "European Citizens’ Initiative: origins, evolution and the future of participatory democracy." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/12743.

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The work stems from a research on citizens’ involvement into the activities of the European Union, as a solution to the widespread sense of disaffection, lack of trust towards the institutions, increasing rate of democratic deficit and low level of EU legitimacy. With this regard, the work focuses on the European citizens’ initiative, which was firstly introduced in 2009 with the entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty as one of the main novelties in reforming the role of the institutions and the decision-making process, namely considered as the first supranational instrument of participatory democracy. Through this tool, citizens may invite the European Commission to submit any proposal, which falls within the scope of its powers, on matters where the intervention of the Union is most needed. Firstly, the research develops from presenting the legislative framework of the ECI by tracing its legal basis into the Treaties and assessing the historical development of the principle of participatory democracy. Secondly, an overview on the functioning of the European Citizens’ Initiative is given by reporting the procedures and conditions for the submission of a citizens’ initiative set out in Regulation (EU) no 211/2011. Thirdly, the work focuses on the assessment of the first five years of experiences of ECI by juxtaposing the main constrains which have been faced with the opportunities and options of increasing its potential as presented by the recently published European Commission Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on the European citizens' Initiative. Finally, throughout the whole work, reference is made to the characteristics and possibilities of the ECI to better represent the future of participatory democracy.

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Hatton, Lucy. "Democratic legitimacy and the European Citizens' Initiative : a recipe for disappointment and disaffection?" Thesis, University of Warwick, 2016. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/86232/.

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The European Union has long been argued to suffer from a deficit of democratic legitimacy. One recent innovation introduced with the intention of addressing this deficit is the European Citizens’ Initiative (ECI), a means by which 1 million EU citizens can ask the European Commission to propose new legislation. In 2015, three years following its introduction, opinions on the performance of the ECI amongst EU politicians, journalists and campaigners are tinged with disappointment and disaffection. This thesis asks to what extent the sceptics are warranted in their frustrations towards the ECI or whether it is able to live up to the high expectations of the EU institutions at the time of its introduction. By drawing analytic criteria directly from the theory of democratic legitimacy and applying them in a systemic manner, I address how the ECI can, in principle, and has thus far, in practice, affected the EU in terms of inclusion in policy making, impacts on policy outcomes, and the pursuit of normatively justifiable and salient issues. Using case studies of the first four ECI campaigns registered by the Commission, I argue that the ECI has the potential to contribute to the inclusion of EU policy making through the activation and formation of multiple, issue-specific demoi in the EU, which can form the basis of democratic legitimacy. I also find the ECI capable of producing tangible impacts on EU, national and local policy, though mostly in ways unintended by the Regulation underpinning the instrument. Effects on inclusion and impacts are, furthermore, affected by the salience of the issues the ECI is used to pursue, and the normative justifiability of the issue in terms of how it upholds the political equality of the people can directly enhance the EU’s democratic legitimacy. Given these findings, it is concluded that the ECI, despite the current disappointment of many commentators, has scope for unanticipated positive, though limited, impact on the EU’s democratic legitimacy.

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Wubbold, Ari Joaquin. "Evaluating the Impact of Oregon's Citizen Initiative Review (CIR) on Voter Decisions." Thesis, Portland State University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10687045.

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Voters are getting information from more and more sources. Along with this proliferation of sources has come an increasing distrust of traditional mass media. This has created a challenge for voters who seek reliable information when making decisions in the voting booth; including on ballot initiatives. Because voters tend to find ballot initiatives confusing and not easily informed by traditional party cues, the Citizen’s Initiative Review (CIR) and the non-partisan, fact-based recommendations they produce have now spread into multiple states. My thesis seeks to gauge whether the CIR is effective at achieving the goals of increasing voter knowledge and encouraging thoughtful voting decisions; two challenges posed by ballot initiatives. I evaluate the available literature on how voters make decisions in general and about ballot initiatives specifically and then review data from five studies conducted in states with a CIR to determine whether the CIR has met these goals. Where other reports have evaluated findings from individual studies or states, my report takes a comprehensive view of the available data and compares it to what traditional political science literature has to say about voter behavior related to ballot initiatives. On balance, I find that voters see the CIR as providing useful and informative recommendations that have legitimate positive impacts on how they deliberate and vote on ballot initiatives.

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Starskaya, Margarita, and Özgüc Çagdas. "Analysis of the Online Collection Software provided by the European Commission for the European Citizens' Initiative." Department für Informationsverarbeitung und Prozessmanagement, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2012. http://epub.wu.ac.at/3643/1/Binder1_(2).pdf.

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Schum, Richard M. "A study in direct democracy the citizen initiative & the determinants of voter behavior /." Fairfax, VA : George Mason University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1920/3409.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--George Mason University, 2008.
Vita: p. 187. Thesis director: Edgar H. Sibley. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Public Policy. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Mar. 16, 2009). Includes bibliographical references (p. 176-186). Also issued in print.

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Flores, Lopez Jesus Arturo. "The politics of participatory democratic initiatives in Mexico : a comparative study of three localities." Thesis, University of York, 2002. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/10818/.

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Sandoval, Quezada Natalia Belén. "Citizens resisting Smart Cities’ initiatives : The case of Concepción (Chile) and the R+D PACYT project." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för Urbana Studier (US), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-43674.

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Parque Científico y Tecnológico (PACYT, Science and Technology Park) is a large-scale R+D project that seems to be framed in a Smart City plan for Concepción, Chile, which the media has presented as “the Chilean Silicon Valley” (Araus, 2015; Tele13, 2019) and promises to bring not only research and development opportunities for the city but also thousands of direct and indirect jobs (Estudio Interdiseño, 2018; la Tercera, 2015) carried out by PACYT Corporation. Nonetheless, voices have raised to question the construction of the 91 hectares initiative, and some of them have even organized in citizen groups targeting the creation of the urban complex, which actively share information contesting the PACYT through social media, and coordinate activities to protest and spread the word. This is the study case to be analyzed in the present research, which aims to explore and understand, on the one hand, the reasons that have led to the organization of citizens contesting the PACYT project, and on the other hand, the way the project has been advertised and developed in relationship to the city's inhabitants. It intends to make a novel contribution to the field of Urban Studies, both in the areas of Critical Smart Urbanism and Postcolonial Studies, which in this case collide in Latin America, part of the Global South, while opening a discussion around the topic of citizens contesting urban developments with a Smart City background, where few incursions have been made and more specifically in the Latin American context, where the Smart City seems to have a particular interpretation. With that in mind, the current research tries to dig into an under-studied territory, and in doing so, it plans to bring to the table the relevance of studying the approach and way of developing Smart Cities’ ideas in Latin American, and to put focus on what city’s inhabitants have to say about those developments and what their interests are, using the lenses of the right to the city and the understandings coming from urban social movements and conflicts. In that sense, the research outputs are to question the form in which Smart City projects are being implemented in Latin America and to find possible guidelines to incorporate the city’s inhabitants in the development of them elsewhere, with that in mind, future research can be supported by this investigation, which encourages further studies both in the described fields and territory. To do so, the current investigation explores and unwrap theories regarding the mentioned fields and focuses on analyzing the case making use of mixed methods research, by executing qualitative and quantitative methodological tools to reach relevant data that helps to answer the research inquiries. In that sense, the results show that it can be confirmed that the nature of the PACYT, i.e. its R+D purposes and origins linked to a Smart City plan to transform the city into smartness, does not play a relevant role in the development of the conflict that has emerged between the PACYT management, and the people opposed to its construction, but several aspects explain the urban social conflict and that will be explored in the present work.

Acknowledgment.

First of all, I would like to thank all the interviewees that decided to share their thoughts in the present study, as well as to all the people that participated in the survey; without your contribution, it would have not been possible for me to reach my research goals and to count on with the rich material I have. On the other hand, I want to thank people from academia, such as my peers, who have given me advice and stamina, to my tutor, who has contributed with his wisdom, and to my mentor at university, who has kept me on track and provided me with valuable insights. I am grateful to these people for helping me with my willpower and effectiveness. Finally, I need to thank those surrounding me, like my family for supporting me from the distance, my partner for being here to contain and take care of me, and my dog for always being around me and spreading his love and joy.

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Книги з теми "Citizen's initiative"

Clarke, Trevor. The Citizen's Charter: Opportunities lost : an examination of the Citizen's Charter initiative as it relates to the provision of several services in Northern Ireland, with particular reference to district councils. [s.l: The Author], 1995.

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Initiative, Citizen's. Hard facts: From a survey of 2797 families who have survived the violence in Gujarat : a report by Citizen's Initiative. Ahmedabad: Citizen's Initiative, 2002.

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Commission, Great Britain Countryside. A commitment to quality: Service standards set by the Countryside Commission as a contribution to the Government's Citizen's charter initiative. Cheltenham: Countryside Commission, 1992.

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Setälä, Maija, and Theo Schiller, eds. Citizens’ Initiatives in Europe. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230369900.

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Zimmerman, Joseph Francis. The initiative: Citizen lawmaking. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press, 2014.

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Mitra, Chenoy Kamal, ed. Violence in Gujarat: Test case for a larger fundamentalist agenda : report of the Citizen's Commission on persecution of Christians in Gujarat, an initiative of the National Alliance of Women. New Delhi: The Alliance, 1999.

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Vagin, Vladimir, Milyausha Pinskaya, Nadezhda Gavrilova, and Natal'ya Shapovalova. Taxes of citizens in initiative budgeting. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1816637.

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The monograph is devoted to the analysis and evaluation of the productivity of the methodology of initiative budgeting in relation to taxation. The ways of involving citizens in public administration and budget decisions formed in Russian and foreign studies are revealed. It is shown that one of the promising practices of initiative budgeting can be the participation of citizens in decisions on the direction of part of the expenditures of local budgets for co-financing projects of initiative budgeting. It is revealed that additional positive effects arise in the form of increased motivation for collecting local taxes and fees and an overall increase in the volume of revenues from local taxes and fees. Thus, there is a productive integration of the methodology of initiative budgeting and tax policy at the local level. It is addressed to economists, lawyers, managers, managers and specialists of federal public authorities, as well as teachers, graduate students and students of economic and law universities and faculties, students of the advanced training system.

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Besley, Timothy. Issue unbundling via citizens' initiatives. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2000.

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Holloway, Richard. Supporting citizen's initiatives: Bangladesh's NGOs and society. Dhaka: University Press, 1998.

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Ann, Wolfe M., and Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service, eds. Initiative, referendum and recall by citizen petition. [Washington, D.C.]: Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 1993.

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Частини книг з теми "Citizen's initiative"

Holloway, Richard. "Prelims - Supporting Citizens’ Initiatives." In Supporting Citizens’ Initiatives, 1–16. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780446066.000.

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Holloway, Richard. "1. NGOS–What Are They and Why Do People Get So Excited About Them; The Confusing Situation Of NGOs, The Government and The Press In Bangladesh–July-Aug ‘92 25." In Supporting Citizens’ Initiatives, 17–30. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780446066.001.

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Holloway, Richard. "2. The Prince, The Merchant, and The Citizen–Long Live The Citizens Associations!; Civil Society: The Non-Profit Private Sector." In Supporting Citizens’ Initiatives, 31–50. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780446066.002.

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Holloway, Richard. "3. NGOs Are Only One Part of The Third Sector In The South–An Analysis From Bangladesh; The Great Value of Non-Government Organizations In Bangladesh: An Introduction For Parliamentarians." In Supporting Citizens’ Initiatives, 51–76. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780446066.003.

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Holloway, Richard. "4. Introduction To The Third Sector Of Society–The Voluntary Sector." In Supporting Citizens’ Initiatives, 77–104. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780446066.004.

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Holloway, Richard. "5. Supporting The Sustainability of The NGO Sector–Not Just More Funds For NGOs; Options For Sustainability." In Supporting Citizens’ Initiatives, 105–24. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780446066.005.

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Holloway, Richard. "6. Alternatives To Donor Funds For South Asian NGOs–What Do We Know and What Do We Need To Know?" In Supporting Citizens’ Initiatives, 125–42. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780446066.006.

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Holloway, Richard. "7. Background On The Proposed NGO Bill 1993; NGOs, Political Parties and Government–The Election of 1991 and Its Aftermath." In Supporting Citizens’ Initiatives, 143–58. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780446066.007.

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Holloway, Richard. "8. NGOs and Political Parties–The Case of Khet Majur Samity; Perspectives On The Enabling Environment In Bangladesh–Opportunities And Challenges For NGOs and Peoples Organizations." In Supporting Citizens’ Initiatives, 159–82. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780446066.008.

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Holloway, Richard. "9. Building The Sector–How PRIP Helps To Build The NGO Capacity In Bangladesh." In Supporting Citizens’ Initiatives, 183–98. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780446066.009.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Citizen's initiative"

Titov, Eneken, Ly Hõbe, Mare Kurvits, and Anneli Rumm. "Future citizen competences in the context of community initiative." In 14th International Scientific Conference „Business and Management 2024“. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bm.2024.1293.

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Recently, there has been an increased focus on different competence models to define and assess the skills and abilities needed in various domains. These models provide a comprehensive framework for understanding and evaluating the competencies required for success in specific fields or contexts. Some correspond well with the definition of the Future Citizen and are dedicated to solving the same general questions – how do we describe the human being, who we expect to rise, who will be successful in the future, and who can handle the challenges that the world and environment will give. The future citizen competence model should describe the multifaceted nature of Future Citizens (FC) in a rapidly changing world. This article aims to identify the most critical competencies for the young person to participate successfully and actively in citizen initiatives. In pursuing understanding and cultivating the skills required for Future Citizenship (FC) in an ever-evolving world, our methodology draws inspiration from and aligns with four prominent European competence models and scientific research. EntreComp, Lifecomp, DigComp, and GreenComp collectively provide a comprehensive foundation to explore, define, and assess the competencies essential for the Future Citizen.

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Mensch, Scott, and Azad Ali. "Using Digital Video Game in Service Learning Projects." In InSITE 2009: Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3388.

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This paper details the experience of a particular department in integrating digital video games into a service learning project. The department of Technology Support and Training program (TST) within the Eberly College of Business and Information Technology (ECOBIT) at Indiana University of Pennsylvania (IUP) has taken the initiative to integrate service learning projects into their courses. Various initiating proposals have taken place in regards to ideas for the selection of the service learning projects and the methods of their implementation. Among these initiatives is a project taken by faculty members to donate a digital video game to a senior citizen center within the community. The paper first provides a theoretical feedback on service learning projects in general and the steps that led these faculty members to select this idea for a service project. More details is given regarding the planning and implementation for this project including the procedures followed to collect funds for the video game and the selection of the senior citizen center.

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Carter, L., and F. Belanger. "Citizen adoption of electronic government initiatives." In 37th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2004. Proceedings of the. IEEE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hicss.2004.1265306.

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Roháčiková, Oľga, Peter Moritz, Michal Hrivnák, and Katarína Melichová. "Význam komunít pre činnosť miestnych rozvojových iniciatív: prípadová štúdia top down a bottom-up aktérov v meste Nitra." In XXIV. mezinárodního kolokvia o regionálních vědách. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9896-2021-77.

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Various spatial actors can reduce costs, raise efficiency of activities and contribute to the social development of the territory also through the own community. A community is a fellowship of citizens or other spatial actors who are united by a common interest in relation to a space in which they want to contribute to a certain socio-economic change. Community initiatives are, in essence, found mainly on the bottom-up principle, from the initiative of local actors who are interested in meeting their needs together with other individuals or entities. Similarly, in some cases also top-down institutions in local development utilize membership base, or partnership to achieve its goals. The aim of this paper is to shed a light on the importance of community development, to demonstrate the importance of active communities for the development of local society and economy through case studies of model examples of good practice. In this paper, we compare a selected community initiative in local development established according to law (top-down), and due the activity and enthusiasm of local people (bottom-up). The results hypothesize that bottom-up community initiatives may grow faster and provide wider benefits to the institution's activities, but are less stable and do not provide a strong basis for the long-term sustainability of community initiative funding.

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Llanos, Diego R., Ester Diego, Ivan Carreño, and Jose Luis Gay. "Encouraging citizens for recycling improvement: results of the STERLING initiative." In Remote Sensing Technologies and Applications in Urban Environments IV, edited by Nektarios Chrysoulakis, Thilo Erbertseder, Ying Zhang, and Frank Baier. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2532104.

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Purwanto, Arie, Anneke Zuiderwijk, and Marijn Janssen. "Citizen engagement in an open election data initiative." In dg.o '18: 19th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3209281.3209305.

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OliveiraJr, Edson, Christina von Flach G. Chavez, André F. R. Cordeiro, and Daniela Feitosa. "How do Brazilian Software Engineering Researchers Perceive and Practice Open Science?" In Workshop de Práticas de Ciência Aberta para Engenharia de Software. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/opensciense.2021.17142.

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With the wide popularization and increasing adoption of Open Science, most scientific research areas have discussed its benefits to the overall society represented by any citizen. The openness process aims at promoting free availability of such researches, thus directly impacting scientific evolution. Researchers are encouraged to make scientific research artifacts open for every citizen. In the Software Engineering area we are currently experiencing international Open Science initiatives, such as the ICSE Rose Festival, the ESEM Open Science policies, and the Empirical Software Engineering journal Open Science initiative. However, a little is known about Open Science in the Brazilian Software Engineering community. Therefore, in this paper, we present and discuss the results of a survey on how do our software engineering community perceive and practice Open Science.

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Steinmuller, Antje, and Christopher Falliers. "Catalyzing the Commons - Inverting the Participatory Process in the Production of Public Space." In 2017 ACSA Annual Conference. ACSA Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.amp.105.67.

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The role, form, and locus of public space in urban environments has changed. Indoor entertainment spaces often replace the urban exterior as places of collectivity and chance encounter; austerity measures and rapid densification alike are factors in the proliferation of Privately Owned Public Open Spaces(POPOS); and in cities across the globe, the public itself has changed as a consequence of multifaceted migration patterns. At the same time, there has been a widespread resurgence of interest in the ‘urban commons’,understood as collectively appropriating and regulating urban resources. This trend has altered the relationship of citizens to architects in the production of urban collective space. The diversity of stakeholders in traditional public space design has led to complex design and planning processes for architects that offer only intermittent citizen participation in the process of constructing a final outcome.Urban commons projects, in contrast, are based on local citizen initiation, direct negotiation between stakeholders, long-term involvement of citizens, and the evolution of public space over time. In commons projects, the involvement of architects takes on the form of intermittent participation, using acupunctural interventions to catalyze the next steps in the commons’ evolution, thus inverting the role of citizens and architects in the production of public space.

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John Sino Cruz, Matthew, and Marlene De Leon. "Analysis of citizen's sentiment towards Philippine administration's intervention against COVID-19." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001446.

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The COVID-19 pandemic affected the world. The World Health Organization or WHO issued guidelines the public must follow to prevent the spread of the disease. This includes social distancing, the wearing of facemasks, and regular washing of hands. These guidelines served as the basis for formulating policies by countries affected by the pandemic. In the Philippines, the government implemented different initiatives, following the guidelines of WHO, that aimed to mitigate the effect of the pandemic in the country. Some of the initiatives formulated by the administration include international and domestic travel restrictions, community quarantine, suspension of face-to-face classes and work arrangements, and phased reopening of the Philippine economy to name a few. The initiatives implemented by the government during the surge of COVID-19 disease have resulted in varying reactions from the citizens. The citizens expressed their reactions to these initiatives using different social media platforms such as Twitter and Facebook. The reactions expressed using these social media platforms were used to analyze the sentiment of the citizens towards the initiatives implemented by the government during the pandemic. In this study, a Bidirectional Recurrent Neural Network-Long Short-term memory - Support Vector Machine (BRNN-LSTM-SVM) hybrid sentiment classifier model was used to determine the sentiments of the Philippine public toward the initiatives of the Philippine government to mitigate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. The dataset used was collected and extracted from Facebook and Twitter using API and www.exportcomments.com from March 2020 to August 2020. 25% of the dataset was manually annotated by two human annotators. The manually annotated dataset was used to build the COVID-19 context-based sentiment lexicon, which was later used to determine the polarity of each document. Since the dataset contained unstructured and noisy data, preprocessing activities such as conversion to lowercase characters, removal of stopwords, removal of usernames and pure digit texts, and translation to the English language were performed. The preprocessed dataset was vectorized using Glove word embedding and was used to train and test the performance of the proposed model. The performance of the Hybrid BRNN-LSTM-SVM model was compared to BRNN-LSTM and SVM by performing experiments using the preprocessed dataset. The results show that the Hybrid BRNN-LSTM-SVM model, which gained 95% accuracy for the Facebook dataset and 93% accuracy for the Twitter dataset, outperformed the Support Vector Machine (SVM) sentiment model whose accuracy only ranges from 89% to 91% for both datasets. The results indicate that the citizens harbor negative sentiments towards the initiatives of the government in mitigating the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of the study may be used in reviewing the initiatives imposed during the pandemic to determine the issues which concern the citizens. This may help policymakers formulate guidelines that may address the problems encountered during a pandemic. Further studies may be conducted to analyze the sentiment of the public regarding the implementation of limited face-to-face classes for tertiary education, implementing lesser restrictions, vaccination programs in the country, and other related initiatives that the government continues to implement during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Oredo, John. "Evaluating the Impact of e-Government Initiatives on Citizens: Empowerment or Tokenism?" In 2022 IST-Africa Conference (IST-Africa). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/ist-africa56635.2022.9845570.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Citizen's initiative"

Besley, Timothy, and Stephen Coate. Issue Unbundling via Citizens' Initiatives. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, December 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w8036.

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Kwon, Heeseo Rain, HeeAh Cho, Jongbok Kim, Sang Keon Lee, and Donju Lee. International Case Studies of Smart Cities: Anyang, Republic of Korea. Inter-American Development Bank, June 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0007013.

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This case study is one of ten international studies developed by the Korea Research Institute for Human Settlements (KRIHS), in association with the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), for the cities of Anyang, Medellin, Namyangju, Orlando, Pangyo, Rio de Janeiro, Santander, Singapore, Songdo, and Tel Aviv. At the IDB, the Competitiveness and Innovation Division (CTI), the Fiscal and Municipal Management Division (FMM), and the Emerging and Sustainable Cities Initiative (ESCI) coordinated the study. This project was part of technical cooperation ME-T1254, financed by the Knowledge Partnership Korean Fund for Technology and Innovation of the Republic of Korea. At KRIHS, the National Infrastructure Research Division coordinated the project and the Global Development Partnership Center provided the funding. Anyang, a 600,000 population city near Seoul is developing international recognition on its smart city project that has been implemented incrementally since 2003. This initiative began with the Bus Information System to enhance citizen's convenience at first, and has been expanding its domain into wider Intelligent Transport System as well as crime and disaster prevention in an integrated manner. Anyang is evaluated as a benchmark for smart city with a 2012 Presidential Award in Korea and receives large number of international visits. Anyang's Integrated Operation and Control Center (IOCC) acts as the platform that gathers, analyzes and distributes information for mobility, disasters management and crime. Anyang is currently utilizing big data for policy development and is continuing its endeavor to expand its smart city services into areas such as waste and air quality management. Anyang's success factors are the government officials' continuous willingness towards service development and the establishment of cooperation system among the smart city-related organizations.

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Dassen, Nicolás, and Renzo Lavin. Citizen Participation in Government Audits through Digital Tools: Overview of Initiatives from Supreme Audit Institution. Inter-American Development Bank, July 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0013049.

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Citizen participation in government auditing processes by supreme audit institutions (SAIs) has increased in the last 20 years due to digital innovation. This growth has been driven by the Latin American and Caribbean Organization of Supreme Audit Entities (OLACEFS) and the International Organization of SAI Entities (INTOSAI) through the creation of citizen participation commissions that promote collaborative work with civil society. This study surveys 60 cases of citizen participation in fiscal control through digital channels around the world. We classify these cases according to the fiscal control cycle, whose phases include: (i) planning, (ii) execution, (iii) dissemination, and (iv) monitoring. These experiences could pave the way for Latin American and Caribbean countries to analyze and adapt to their specific contexts and needs to empower citizens and strengthen accountability in the different phases of the fiscal control cycle. This work not only provides new ideas for the SAIs of the region, but also serves as a valuable educational resource for those citizens with an interest in the participatory development of open government policies.

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Amar Flórez, Darío. International Case Studies of Smart Cities: Medellin, Colombia. Inter-American Development Bank, June 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0007968.

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This case study is one of ten international case studies developed by the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), in association with the Korean Research Institute for Human Settlements (KRIHS), for the cities of Anyang, Medellin, Namyangju, Orlando, Pangyo, Rio de Janeiro, Santander, Singapore, Songdo, and Tel Aviv. At the IDB, the Competitiveness and Innovation Division (CTI), the Fiscal and Municipal Management Division (FMM), and the Emerging and Sustainable Cities Initiative (ESCI) coordinated the study. This project was part of technical cooperation ME-T1254, financed by the Knowledge Partnership Korean Fund for Technology and Innovation of the Republic of Korea. At KRIHS, the National Infrastructure Research Division coordinated the project and the Global Development Partnership Center (GDPC) provided the funding. Medellin launched a series of strategies to become smart city. They are oriented to the citizen, through a series of services that improve their quality of life as they develop capacity and organizational structure in the entities that control mobility, the environment, and safety. In addition, these initiatives have created mechanisms to communicate and interact with citizens in order to promote continuous improvement of smart services.

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Wubbold, Ari. Evaluating the Impact of Oregon's Citizen Initiative Review (CIR) on Voter Decisions. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.6242.

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de Figueiredo, John, Chang Ho Ji, and Thad Kousser. Financing Direct Democracy: Revisiting the Research on Campaign Spending and Citizen Initiatives. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w16356.

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Otálvaro-Ramírez, Susana, Carlos Scartascini, and Jorge M. Streb. Post-electoral Promises and Trust in Government: A Survey Experiment on Signaling. Inter-American Development Bank, March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004811.

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Transparency initiatives are well-known tools introduced to foster trust and empower citizens. To explain why some governments introduce them but others do not, in a theoretical model we interpret these initiatives as a signal that complements the information already provided by visible government performance. To analyze how citizens react to these initiatives, we conducted a randomized survey experiment in the City of Buenos Aires, Argentina, where the incumbent mayor made a set of post-electoral promises. Our results show that post-electoral promises matter in shaping citizens perceptions about the trustworthiness of the government. We find strong heterogeneity among three groups of citizens. A group unfamiliar with the policy was impervious to treatment: they seem to react to deeds, not words, and have low trust on average. The treatment effects are entirely through those vaguely familiar with the promises, closing the average gap in trust with those familiar with the promises. More generally, our study suggests that transparency initiatives may be an effective signal in a setting with some initial trust. Still their informational value may be more limited than visible public performance.

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Peirce, Jennifer, and Alexandre Veyrat-Pontet. Citizen Security in Belize. Inter-American Development Bank, October 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009140.

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In the face of rising crime rates and increasingly complex transnational and local criminal dynamics, Belize's limited institutional resources are overstretched. Youth violence and gangs are of particular concern in urban areas, where lack of education and employment options converge with the prevalence of guns and trafficking networks. Despite some promising smaller-scale crime prevention initiatives, a comprehensive crime prevention strategy requires more significant institutional reforms. This Technical Note reviews the current trends in crime and violence in Belize and the government's existing policies and programs in the sector. It then proposes several short and medium-term actions to strengthen the government's ability to prevent and reduce crime and violence, such as consolidating strategic planning and information management efforts, designing prevention programs more tailored to specific at-risk groups, bolstering criminal investigation and community policing resources, and adapting the corrections system to the specific needs of juveniles and gang-involved youth.

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Wagenknecht, Katherin, Sarah Klemisch, and Kamila Labuda. Towards Citizen Science Communication : How can citizen science enhance science communication? Technische Hochschule Wildau, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15771/innohub_2.

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Science communication has shifted significantly in recent decades. From an early, widespread understanding that scientific findings were disseminated in a linear, closed pathway, there is now widespread acknowledgement of the need for more comprehensive and inclusive participation in science [cf. Massarani et al., 2017; Schäfer et al., 2015]. The project “Wir forschen”, which is part of the project “Innovation Hub 13 – fast track to transfer” coordinated by Technical University of Applied Science Wildau and Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, explores methodological and practical characteristics of citizen science as a form of science communication. In this project, we outline an argumentation of understanding citizen science as science communication and furthermore introduce the term citizen science communication. In the processual course of the projects, different instruments of science communication come into play, which establish a dialog between the actors and initiate exchange with different intentions and approaches. In doing so, the project contributes to the science of science communication.

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Hagenlocher, Michael, Sanae Okamoto, Nidhi Nagabhatla, Stephan Dietrich, Jonathan Hassel, Sophie van der Heijden, Soenke Kreft, et al. Building Climate Resilience: Lessons from the 2021 Floods in Western Europe. United Nations University - Institute for Environment and Human Security (UNU-EHS), May 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53324/incs5390.

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In July 2021, the Rhine-Meuse region straddling Belgium, Germany and the Netherlands was affected by devastating floods that have led to the loss of more than 240 lives and damage worth billions of Euros. The event was closely watched by regional agencies that had to organize response and recovery, and also received noticeable global attention. Diverse sets of responses and reflections accumulated among researchers, local and regional governments, local and international media, development organizations, public offices and citizen groups, wherein links to climate change and gaps in our preparedness for unexpected, extreme events were a common element of the discourse. In response to the floods, and in recognition of the cross-border effects of climate change, the United Nations University institutes in Belgium (UNU-CRIS), Germany (UNU-EHS) and the Netherlands (UNU-MERIT) have launched the “UNU Climate Resilience Initiative” with the aim to share knowledge, shape policy and drive action – and ultimately shift the focus from risk to proactive adaptation, innovation and transformation. Within the context of this initiative, researchers from the three institutes have conducted research in the flood affected areas and organized the two-day “Flood Knowledge Summit 2022: From Risks to Resilience”, which took place from 7 to 8 July 2022 in Maastricht, the Netherlands. Complementing existing national initiatives and efforts in the three countries, the event aimed to connect different actors – including affected citizens, first responders, authorities, researchers and civil society – from the region, the European Union (EU) and the Global South to share experiences, engage in dialogue and facilitate learning regarding how to strengthen climate resilience for all. This summit served to map various efforts to understand the data, information, governance and knowledge gaps at national, subnational and regional levels in order to address growing risks of climate change, including how to adapt to not only climate-induced extreme events like floods but also other hazard events, and created a regional momentum to support multidimensional efforts towards building resilience. Drawing on our research and outcomes of the Flood Knowledge Summit 2022, the UNU Climate Resilience Initiative has identified five key areas in which further research and action is needed to tackle climate risks and facilitate pathways towards climate resilience.

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