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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Cavitation"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 31 липня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Cavitation"

Romanov, Alexey, Sergey Evdokimov, and Vladimir Seliverstov. "Cavitation research results of hydroturbine impeller blades and their analysis." MATEC Web of Conferences 196 (2018): 02006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819602006.

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Abstract. Cavitation erosion affects the hydropower plants operation mode, destroys the surface of water-conducting way, affects the efficiency coefficient as well as the turbine output. The most common damage is observed on water-conducting ways having poor streamline shape, various ledges, irregularities along the water flow. Disruptive cavitations are formed initially on the rotation axes of vortexes, and the caverns of disruptive cavitation develop with the period subordinating the Strouhal Law. One of the methods of cavitational erosion field studies is the method of obtaining high-speed cavitational erosion of metal plates, which has low resistance to cavitation mechanical effects. It provides an opportunity to determine erosion degree and intensity at different modes of hydropower plants operation. The paper demonstrates the results of studying the cavitational erosion process of hydroturbine impeller blades of Zhiguli Hydroelectric Station (HS). Cavitation tests are conducted for three operating modes. Technological peculiarities are also described. The paper presents results of turbine blades of Unit 5 for three operation modes. The destruction areas of impeller blades peripheral edges are visualized. The study provides the results of field and laboratory cavitation tests of hydroturbine elements that serve as recommendations for repairing and restoration of damaged hydroelectric units of Zhiguli HS.

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Viitanen, Ville M., Tuomas Sipilä, Antonio Sánchez-Caja, and Timo Siikonen. "Compressible Two-Phase Viscous Flow Investigations of Cavitation Dynamics for the ITTC Standard Cavitator." Applied Sciences 10, no. 19 (October 7, 2020): 6985. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10196985.

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In this paper, the ITTC Standard Cavitator is numerically investigated in a cavitation tunnel. Simulations at different cavitation numbers are compared against experiments conducted in the cavitation tunnel of SVA Potsdam. The focus is placed on the numerical prediction of sheet-cavitation dynamics and the analysis of transient phenomena. A compressible two-phase flow model is used for the flow solution, and two turbulence closures are employed: a two-equation unsteady RANS model, and a hybrid RANS/LES model. A homogeneous mixture model is used for the two phases. Detailed analysis of the cavitation shedding mechanism confirms that the dynamics of the sheet cavitation are dictated by the re-entrant jet. The break-off cycle is relatively periodic in both investigated cases with approximately constant shedding frequency. The CFD predicted sheet-cavitation shedding frequencies can be observed also in the acoustic measurements. The Strouhal numbers lie within the usual ranges reported in the literature for sheet-cavitation shedding. We furthermore demonstrate that the vortical flow structures can in certain cases develop striking cavitating toroidal vortices, as well as pressure wave fronts associated with a cavity cloud collapse event. To our knowledge, our numerical analyses are the first reported for the ITTC standard cavitator.

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Hu, Xiao, and Ye Gao. "Investigation of the Disk Cavitator Cavitating Flow Characteristics under Relatively High Cavitation Number." Applied Mechanics and Materials 29-32 (August 2010): 2555–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.29-32.2555.

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Simulations on two-phase cavitating flows containing water and vapor, on axisymmetric body with disk cavitator have been implemented through the cavitation model in Fluent 6.2, the flow field around cavitator under different incoming conditions is studied respectively, and analyses to parameters pertinent to cavity including dimension, streamlines, vapor volume fractions and pressure distributions along the body surface are given when the incoming cavitation number ranges from 0.3 to 0.8, the results show that the vapor volume fraction and threshold phase-change pressure within the cavity under the same cavitation number gradually ascends as the Reynolds number increases ; the effects of incoming pressure on threshold phase-change pressure inside the cavity is insignificant.

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Soyama, Hitoshi. "Cavitating Jet: A Review." Applied Sciences 10, no. 20 (October 17, 2020): 7280. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10207280.

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When a high-speed water jet is injected into water through a nozzle, cavitation is generated in the nozzle and/or shear layer around the jet. A jet with cavitation is called a “cavitating jet”. When the cavitating jet is injected into a surface, cavitation is collapsed, producing impacts. Although cavitation impacts are harmful to hydraulic machinery, impacts produced by cavitating jets are utilized for cleaning, drilling and cavitation peening, which is a mechanical surface treatment to improve the fatigue strength of metallic materials in the same way as shot peening. When a cavitating jet is optimized, the peening intensity of the cavitating jet is larger than that of water jet peening, in which water column impacts are used. In order to optimize the cavitating jet, an understanding of the instabilities of the cavitating jet is required. In the present review, the unsteady behavior of vortex cavitation is visualized, and key parameters such as injection pressure, cavitation number and sound velocity in cavitating flow field are discussed, then the estimation methods of the aggressive intensity of the jet are summarized.

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Wang, Hao, Jian Feng, Keyang Liu, Xi Shen, Bin Xu, Desheng Zhang, and Weibin Zhang. "Experimental Study on Unsteady Cavitating Flow and Its Instability in Liquid Rocket Engine Inducer." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 6 (June 12, 2022): 806. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10060806.

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To study instability in the unsteady cavitating flow in a liquid rocket engine inducer, visualization experiments of non-cavitating and cavitating flows inside a model inducer were carried out at different flow conditions. Visual experiments were carried out to capture the evolution of non-cavitating and cavitating flows in a three-bladed inducer by using a high-speed camera. The external characteristic performance, cavitation performance, and pressure pulsation were analyzed based on the observation of non-cavitation and cavitation development and their instabilities. Under non-cavitation conditions, the change of flow rate has a significant impact on the pressure pulsation characteristics in the inducer. The occurrence of cavitation aggravated the instability of the flow and caused the intensity of pressure pulsation at each measuring point to increase. This cavitation structure has strong instability, and the tail region is often accompanied by shedding cavitation clouds perpendicular to the blade surface.

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Liu, Qian Kun, and Ye Gao. "Numerical Simulation of Natural Cavitating Flow over Axisymmetric Bodies." Applied Mechanics and Materials 226-228 (November 2012): 825–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.226-228.825.

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The hydrodynamic characteristics of bodies are greatly affected by cavitation. Coupling with natural cavitaion model, a multiphase CFD method is developed and is employed to simulate supercavitating and partial cavitating flows over axisymmetric bodies using FLUENT 6.2. The results of supercavitation of a disk cavitator agree well with the boundary element method (BEM), the analytical relations and available experimental results. The present computations and the BEM results are compared with experiments for partial cavitating flows over three typical axisymmetric bodies and the results are discussed. Limitations are on the pressure prediction in the cavity closure region for the BEM, although fairly good quantitative agreement is obtained for three axisymmetric bodies at most of cavitation region. The present computational model on cavitating flows are validated, offering references and bases for hydrodynamic researches.

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Lee, Insu, Sunho Park, Woochan Seok, and Shin Hyung Rhee. "A Study on the Cavitation Model for the Cavitating Flow Analysis around the Marine Propeller." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (June 17, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/2423784.

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In this study, a cavitation model for propeller analysis was selected using computational fluid dynamics (CFD), and the model was applied to the cavitating flow around the Potsdam Propeller Test Case (PPTC) propeller. The cavitating flow around the NACA 66 hydrofoil was analyzed to select a cavitation model suitable for propeller analysis among various cavitation models. The present and the experimental results were compared to select a cavitation model that would be applied to propeller cavitation analysis. Although the CFD results using the selected cavitation model showed limitations in estimating some of the foam cavitation and bubble cavitation identified in the experimental results, it was identified that foam cavitation and sheet cavitation around the tip were well simulated.

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Xu, Gaowei, Huimin Fang, Yumin Song, and Wensheng Du. "Optimal Design and Analysis of Cavitating Law for Well-Cellar Cavitating Mechanism Based on MBD-DEM Bidirectional Coupling Model." Agriculture 13, no. 1 (January 5, 2023): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13010142.

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A variable velocity parallel four-bar cavitating mechanism for well-cellar can form the well-cellar cavitation which suits for well-cellar transplanting under a continuous operation. In order to improve the cavitating quality, this paper analyzed the structural composition and working principle of the cavitating mechanism and established the bidirectional coupling model of multi-body dynamics and the discrete element between the cavitating mechanism and soil through Recurdyn and EDEM software. Based on the model, a three-factor, five-level quadratic orthogonal rotational combination design test was conducted with the parameters of the cavitating mechanism as the experimental factors and the parameters of the cavitation as the response index to obtain the optimal parameter combination, and a virtual simulation test was conducted for the optimal parameter combination in order to study the cavitating law of the cavitating mechanism and soil. The test results showed that the depth of the cavitation was 188.6 mm, the vertical angle of the cavitation was 90.4°, the maximum diameter of the cavitation was 76.1 mm, the minimum diameter of the cavitation was 68.5 mm, and the variance in the diameters for the cavitation was 5.42 mm2. The cavitating mechanism with optimal parameters based on the Recurdyn–EDEM bidirectional coupling mode could further improve the cavitating quality.

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Cui, Baoling, and Jie Chen. "Visual experiment and numerical simulation of cavitation instability in a high-speed inducer." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 234, no. 4 (August 6, 2019): 470–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957650919867173.

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Cavitation instabilities in a high-speed inducer at a design flow rate were investigated for different cavitation numbers in numerical simulations and visual experiments. On the basis of a shear stress transport k–ω turbulence model and Zwart–Gerber–Belamri cavitation model, the transient cavitating flow in a high-speed centrifugal pump with an inducer is numerically simulated using ANSYS-CFX 15.0 software. Visual experiments were carried out to capture the evolution of cavitating flow in the inducer by using a high-speed camera. The performance and cavitation characteristic curves from numerical simulation agree with those from experiment. With a decreasing cavitation number, the cavitation development in the high-speed inducer goes through incipient cavitation, developing cavitation, critical cavitation, and deteriorated cavitation and presents vortex cavitation, sheet cavitation, cloud cavitation, backflow cavitation, and a cavitation surge. The region having a high vapor volume fraction basically coincides with the region of low local pressure at the same cavitation number. The position of largish blade loading on the inducer changes with the development of cavitation. A cavitation surge as one type of cavitation instability appears in the inducer at lower cavitation numbers. The drop or rise of the head coefficient is affected by an increasing or decreasing cavitation area in the cycle of a cavitation surge.

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ZHANG, YAO, XIANWU LUO, SHUHONG LIU, and HONGYUAN XU. "A TRANSPORT EQUATION MODEL FOR SIMULATING CAVITATION FLOWS IN MINIATURE MACHINES." Modern Physics Letters B 24, no. 13 (May 30, 2010): 1467–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984910023888.

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A new transport equation model is proposed for simulating cavitating flows in miniature machines. In the developed model, the surface tension, viscous force, and thermal effect of cavitation are considered to reflect their influence on the cavitation bubble growth. The cavitating flow in a miniature pump is calculated by applying the proposed cavitation model. The comparison between numerical results and experimental data indicates that the new cavitation model is applicable for simulating the cavitating flow in miniature machines.

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Дисертації з теми "Cavitation"

Momma, Takahiro. "Cavitation loading and erosion produced by a cavitating jet." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1991. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/14102/.

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The aim of the project is to investigate the detail of cavitation loading and erosion process using a submerged jet cavitation technique. Large size cavitating jet apparatus in the University of Nottingham was used with an long orifice nozzle and experiments were carried out using tap water as a test liquid with upstream pressure ranging from 8D-120bar. Distribution of the mean pressure, cavity clouds and cavitation damage on a specimen have been obtained and their mutual relation was discussed. Effects of pressures and stand off distances on the characteristics of the erosion produced by the cavitating jet were studied and the results were compared with previous investigations. These include not only the weight loss but also the size of the damage and the jet length both related with the optimum stand off distance. Indentations on soft aluminium produced by the cavitating jet were investigated. Their size distributions were obtained for various pressures and stand off distances. Variations of the total number and the average size of indentations with stand off distance were also presented. The cavitation loading pulses were successfully measured by a novel piezoelectric pressure transducer using PYDF polymer and the pulse height measurement system, both of which were developed in the present project. During the process to determine the size of the sensitive area of the transducer, its effect on the pulse height was found. Then, the loading pressure was estimated from the pulse height and the indentation size distribution. The value estimated is around 2GPa and compared with results of the other investigators using similar method with different, vibratory and water tunnel, cavitation facilities. All of them show the similar magnitude. Good correlations of the indentation counting and the pulse height analysis with erosion results were obtained in terms of the intensity of cavitation loading. Simple calibration apparatus for the pressure transducer which utilises a pencil lead break.

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Peterson, Ashley Thomas. "Cavitation prediction." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.612813.

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Johansen, Kristoffer. "Stable-inertial cavitation." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2018. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/30796/.

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Research and development of applications utilising acoustic cavitation, particularly medical therapy, is often based on the spectrum of the scattered emissions collected during the cavitation occurrence. There is, however, limited understanding as to how driven bubble behaviour is related to the myriad of non-linear features that can exist within the cavitation noise spectrum, including those commonly reported. Moreover, there is an enduring tendency to classify cavitation activity as either stable or inertial, with no clear delineation between the two categories in terms of associated emissions. The work described in this thesis is dedicated to reconciling bubble dynamics driven by focused ultrasound, and resolved with ultra-high speed shadowgraphic imaging, to the acoustic emissions simultaneously detected via a broadband calibrated needle hydrophone system. Specifically, the role of periodic bubble collapse shock waves are experimentally investigated, supported by bubble oscillation models and spectral analysis. First, hydrophone-deconvolution for restoring an approximation to physical pressure data is demonstrated, through laser-plasma mediated bubble detection. Subsequent application to precision measurements of an acoustically driven cavitation bubble, verifies a contribution from periodic shock waves to all features within the emission spectrum, including the sub-harmonics. Moreover, complete spectral peak suppression at the sub-harmonic is demonstrated for a specific two-bubble configuration. Finally, the design of a bespoke passive cavitation detector, optimised for shock wave detection is described, and its performance evaluated against a comparable, commercially available device. Implications for cavitation detection and detector characterisation are discussed, as is the conventional classification of activity as stable or inertial, with reference to the literature.

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Odeyemi, Babatunde O. "Hydrodynamic cavitation : effects of cavitation on inactivation of Escherichia coli (E.coli)." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/11009.

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Krahl, Dominik, Jürgen Weber, and Maik Fuchs. "Visualization of cavitation and investigation of cavitation erosion in a valve." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-199616.

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Avoiding cavitation and especially cavitation erosion are tasks, which have to be considered when working with hydraulics. State of the art is the assessment of the risk of erosion by component testing or to completely avoid cavitation by means of CFD. Another reliable method to assess the risk of cavitation erosion is until now not available. This paper deals with this problem and delivers comparative values for a later method development. In a first step the cavitation of a poppet valve, which controls a methanol flow, is visualized. The resulting three cavitation appearances are deeply examined. After that the results of long-term tests at different operation conditions are presented. A poppet surface analysis following each experiment has shown different types of surface attacks. As a result of this work it is shown that both cavitation appearance and surface attack are strongly influenced by the temperature dependent air solubility of the liquid.

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Jin, Yong-Hua. "Optical investigations of cavitation." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1995. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/27390.

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This doctoral thesis describes the investigation carried out by the author in pursuit of a better understanding of the mechanism of cavitation. To create cavitation bubbles under laboratory conditions, an intense Q-switched Nd:YAG laser was used and the event was captured using a high-speed photography system. Three different aspects concerning the cavitation phenomenon were studied and they were the propagation of acoustic waves in a liquid, the resultant stress waves in a nearby solid medium and the interactions between a bubble and the nearby boundary. Optical measurement techniques, based on Mach-Zehnder interferometry, shadowgraphy, Schlieren photography and photoelasticity, were employed to assist the observation and analysis of a cavitation event.

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Watson, Peter. "Cavitation in human joints." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.304536.

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Hou, Hang-sheng. "Cavitation instability in solids." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/13697.

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Gerold, Bjoern. "Cavitation in focused ultrasound." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2013. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/f41bf6b9-ae59-4a41-ba29-d5873821418b.

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A novel experimental conguration is developed combining a highintensity focused ultrasound source and a pulsed-laser, for the study of cavitation in a eld typical of those used for therapeutic ultrasound. The sonoptic chamber is specically designed to avoid the formation of acoustic standing waves, known to have a critical in uence on cavitation behaviour. A new technique of laser-nucleated acous- tic cavitation is presented, whereby a laser-pulse of energy below the breakdown threshold for the host medium, acts to nucleate acoustic cavitation in a pre-established eld. This facilitates the incorporation of high-speed cameras for interrogation at unprecedented temporal and spatial resolution, combined with acoustic detection directly correlated to the observed cavitation activity. A number of cavitation phenomena are investigated, including bubble-ensemble oscillations at a very early stage of development, in response to the acoustic driving. The frequency of oscillation, which bifurcates with increasing intensity, is also detected in the acoustic emissions. The application of a single-bubble model predicts a source for the acoustic emissions of quiescent radius equivalent to the bubble-ensemble observed, for each intensity investigated. The physical translation of the ensemble, due to the radiation force imposed by the primary eld, is also analysed. For laser-pulses of energy above the breakdown threshold, applying focused ultrasound to the cavity promotes and actuates jet-formation. The characteristics of the so formed jets depend on the intensity and location of the cavity relative to the ultrasound focus.

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Wilms, Jeffrey. "Flow visualization of cavitation." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/32158.

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Master of Science
Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering
Mohammad Hosni
A typical refrigeration loop is composed of an evaporator, compressor, condenser, and an expansion valve. There are many possible refrigerants that can be used, but the physical properties of water make it ineffective in the traditional refrigeration loop. But if water could be used it would have many advantages as it is abundant, cheap, and is safe for the environment. This research focuses on a different kind of refrigeration loop using water. This new refrigeration loop utilizes water flowing through a nozzle, initiating cavitation. Cavitation is generally defined as creating vapor from liquid, not through adding heat, but by decreasing the pressure. In a converging/ diverging nozzle, as the cross sectional area is constricted, the velocity of the flow will increase, decreasing the pressure. Therefore, by flowing water through the nozzle it will cavitate. Transforming liquid into gas requires a certain amount of energy, defined as the latent heat. When a liquid is turned to vapor by an increase in the temperature, the latent heat is provided by the heat transfer to the system. As no energy is being added to the nozzle to cause the cavitation, the energy transfer to create the vapor comes from the remaining liquid, effectively causing a temperature drop. This research focused on the flow visualization of water cavitating as it travelled through a converging/ diverging nozzle. Under different flow conditions and different nozzle geometries, the cavitation manifested itself in different formations. When gasses were entrained in the water they formed bubbles, which acted as nucleation sites as they moved through the nozzle. This was called travelling bubble cavitation. In venturi nozzles the cavitation nucleated off of the wall, forming attached wall cavitation. When water flowed out of an orifice, a turbulent mixture of liquid and vapor, orifice jet, was formed which caused vapor to form around it. This was known as shear cavitation. When the water was rotated prior to the throat of an orifice, the orifice jet expanded radially and formed swirl cavitation. In addition to studying how the cavitation was formed, the void fraction and velocity were measured for attached wall cavitation.

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Книги з теми "Cavitation"

Lecoffre, Yves, M. M. Oberai, and V. H. Arakeri. Cavitation. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315138916.

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d’Agostino, Luca, and Maria Vittoria Salvetti, eds. Fluid Dynamics of Cavitation and Cavitating Turbopumps. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-76669-9.

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Luca, D'Agostino, and Guillén Salvetti María, eds. Fluid dynamics of cavitation and cavitating turbopumps. Wien: Springer, 2007.

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Wan, Mingxi, Yi Feng, and Gail ter Haar, eds. Cavitation in Biomedicine. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-7255-6.

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Shah, Y. T., A. B. Pandit, and V. S. Moholkar. Cavitation Reaction Engineering. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4787-7.

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Margulis, M. A. Sonochemistry and cavitation. Australia: Gordon and Breach Publishers, 1995.

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Lecoffre, Yves. Cavitation: Bubble trackers. Rotterdam, Netherlands: Balkema, 1999.

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Shah, Yatish T. Cavitation reaction engineering. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, 1999.

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Cabrera, E., V. Espert, and F. Martínez, eds. Hydraulic Machinery and Cavitation. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-9385-9.

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C, Li S., ed. Cavitation of hydraulic machinery. London: Imperial College Press, 2000.

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Частини книг з теми "Cavitation"

Lecoffre, Yves, M. M. Oberai, and V. H. Arakeri. "Phenomenon of Cavitation." In Cavitation, 1–11. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315138916-1.

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Lecoffre, Yves, M. M. Oberai, and V. H. Arakeri. "Thermodynamic Attenuation of Cavitation." In Cavitation, 211–43. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315138916-10.

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Lecoffre, Yves, M. M. Oberai, and V. H. Arakeri. "Single Bubble Life." In Cavitation, 44–64. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315138916-4.

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Lecoffre, Yves, M. M. Oberai, and V. H. Arakeri. "Cavitation Erosion." In Cavitation, 244–90. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315138916-11.

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Lecoffre, Yves, M. M. Oberai, and V. H. Arakeri. "Instrumentation." In Cavitation, 335–62. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315138916-14.

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Lecoffre, Yves, M. M. Oberai, and V. H. Arakeri. "Parameter σ of Cavitation." In Cavitation, 12–32. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315138916-2.

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Lecoffre, Yves, M. M. Oberai, and V. H. Arakeri. "Applications of Cavitation." In Cavitation, 363–70. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315138916-15.

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Lecoffre, Yves, M. M. Oberai, and V. H. Arakeri. "Fixed or Attached Cavitation." In Cavitation, 115–39. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315138916-7.

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Lecoffre, Yves, M. M. Oberai, and V. H. Arakeri. "Other Types of Cavitation." In Cavitation, 140–76. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315138916-8.

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Lecoffre, Yves, M. M. Oberai, and V. H. Arakeri. "Types of Cavitation." In Cavitation, 33–43. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315138916-3.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Cavitation"

Kim, Dong-Hyun, Cong-Tu Ha, Warn-Gyu Park, and Chul-Min Jung. "Numerical Analysis of Ventilated Cavitation Using Non-Condensable Gas Injection on Underwater Vehicle." In ASME-JSME-KSME 2011 Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajk2011-04031.

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Supercavitating torpedo uses the supercavitation technology that can reduce dramatically the skin friction drag. The present work focuses on the numerical analysis of the condensable/non-condensable cavitating flow around the supercavitating torpedo. The governing equations are the Navier-Stokes equations based on the homogeneous mixture model. The cavitation model uses a new cavitation model which was developed by Merkle (2006). The multiphase flow solver uses an implicit preconditioning scheme in curvilinear coordinates. The ventilated cavitation is implemented by non-condensable gas injection on backward of cavitator cone and the base of the torpedo.

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Park, Sunho, and Shin Hyung Rhee. "Numerical Analysis of Super-Cavitating Flow Around a Two-Dimensional Cavitator Geometry." In ASME-JSME-KSME 2011 Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajk2011-33010.

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Mostly for military purposes, which require high speed and low drag, super-cavitating flows around under-water bodies have been an interesting, yet difficult research subject for many years. In the present study, high speed super-cavitating flow around a two-dimensional symmetric wedge-shaped cavitator was studied using an unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations solver based on a cell-centered finite volume method. To verify the computational method, flow over a hemispherical head-form body was simulated and validated against existing experimental data. Through the verification tests, the appropriate selection of domain extents, cell counts, numerical schemes, turbulence models, and cavitation models was studied carefully. A cavitation model based on the two-phase mixture flow modeling was selected with the standard k-epsilon model for turbulence closure. The cavity length, surface pressure distribution, and the flow velocity at the interface were compared with experimental data and analytic solutions. Various computational conditions, such as different wedge angles and caviation numbers, were considered for super-cavitating flow around the wedge-shaped cavitator. Super-cavitation begins to form in the low pressure region and propagates downstream. The computed cavity length and drag on the body were compared with analytic solution and computational results using a potential flow solver. Fairly good agreement was observed in the three-way comparison. The computed velocity on the cavity interface was also predicted quite closely to that derived from the Bernoulli equation. Finally, comparison was made between the computational results and cavitation tunnel test data, along with suggestions for cavitator designs.

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Kim, K. H., and P. N. Nguyen. "Propeller Cavitation and Cavitation-Induced Pressure Fluctuation: Correlation Between Theory and Experiments." In SNAME Propellers '88 Symposium. SNAME, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/pss-1988-10.

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Cavitation extents and cavitation-induced fluctuating pressures on an adjacent body are computed and compared with experimental results for propellers operating in a nonuniform flow Three five-bladed propellers with varying degrees of skew are selected for calculations. An unsteady lifting surface theory based on a discrete vortex/source lattice method was used for the prediction. The effects of skew, leading edge nonlinearity, blade loading and thickness on the cavitation and cavitation induced pressures were investigated. Unsteady induced pressures on a flat plate above the rotating propellers were computed from the field point potential. Without the nonlinear leading edge correction cavitation extents and cavitation-induced cavitation induced pressures were somewhat overpredicted compared with the experimental measurements. When the leading edge correction was included in the computations cavitation extents the fluctuation pressures were unpredicted by predicted blade-frequency induced by non-cavitating propellers showed better agreement with measured values than cavitating propellers. Predictions of the fluctuating pressure induced by cavitating propellers without the leading edge correction were in better agreement with measured values than those with the leading edge correction. Cavity length, volume and induced pressure with reduced with increasing skew.

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Peng, Guoyi, Hideto Ito, and Seiji Shimizu. "Numerical Simulation of High-Speed Cavitating Water-Jet Issuing From a Submerged Nozzle." In ASME 2012 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2012 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2012 10th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2012-72438.

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A simplified estimation for the compressibility of cavitating flow is proposed based on the bubble cavitation model and a compressible mixture flow method is developed for the numerical simulation of high-speed cavitating jet by coupling the simplified estimation of bubble cavitation to a compressible turbulent flow computation procedure. The intensity of cavitation in a local field is evaluated by the volume fraction of gas phase, which is governed by the compressibility of bubble-liquid mixture at the current status of local flow field. The method is applied to the simulation of high-speed submerged water jets issuing from an orifice nozzle. Both non-cavitating and cavitating jets are calculated under different cavitation numbers in order to clarify the cavitation property of submerged water jet. The results demonstrate that the intensity of cavitation denoted by the maximum value of gas volume fraction and the area of strong cavitation indicted by high value of gas volume fraction increase with the decrease of cavitation number. Under the effect of cavitation bubbles the discharge coefficient of orifice nozzle decreases with the cavitation number.

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Dular, Matevzˇ, and Olivier Coutier-Delgosha. "Numerical Modelling of Cavitation Erosion." In ASME 2008 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the Heat Transfer, Energy Sustainability, and 3rd Energy Nanotechnology Conferences. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2008-55034.

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The goal of the work is to develop an expert system for monitoring and control of cavitation in hydraulic machines and to research the possibility of cavitation erosion prediction using CFD tools only. The geometry in question is a simple single hydrofoil, which is exposed to the developed cavitating flow at different flow conditions. The work was divided in more parts: numerical simulation of cavitating flow, experimental evaluation of the simulation, measurements of cavitation erosion, development of cavitation erosion model and finally the prediction of cavitation erosion using solely CFD. A study of erosion effects of cavitation on simple single hydrofoil configurations in a cavitation tunnel was made. A thin copper foil, applied to the surface of the hydrofoils, was used as an erosion sensor. A pit-count method was used to evaluate the damage. The cavitation phenomenon on hydrofoils at different flow conditions (system pressure, flow velocity) was observed. The erosion model is based on the physical description of different phenomena (cavitation cloud implosion, pressure wave emission and its attenuation, micro-jet formation and finally pit formation), which are involved in the process of pit formation. The cavitating flow was simulated using an “in house” CFD code which uses barotropic state law. The code was previously tested on numerous experiments. For the present case the predictions of velocity profiles and pressure evolutions in the vicinity of the hydrofoil were compared to experimentally measured data. In all cases a very good correlation was obtained. The erosion model was implemented into the code. It used values of local pressure, local void fraction and flow velocity to determine the magnitude of damage at a certain point. The results of prediction were compared to the experimentally measured damage on the hydrofoil and it was shown that it is possible, for this simple case, to use solely CFD tools to predict cavitation erosion evolution in time, final extent and final magnitude with a very good accuracy.

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Soyama, Hitoshi. "Luminescent Spots Induced by a Cavitating Jet." In ASME-JSME-KSME 2011 Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajk2011-33018.

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As cavitation bubble collapses cause hot spots and/or radicals such as hydroxyl radical, luminescence was observed at bubble collapsing region. The luminescence induced by acoustic cavitation is named as sonoluminescence. In the present paper, luminescence induced by hydrodynamic cavitation was investigated. In order to generate hydrodynamic cavitation, a high-speed water jet was injected into a water-filled chamber. This sort of the jet with cavitation is called as a cavitating jet. The intensity of luminescence of the cavitating jet was evaluated by a luminescence analyzer and the aspect of the cavitating jet was observed by a cooled electron multiplication charged-coupled device camera. It was revealed that the luminescent spots induced by the cavitating jet were observed by the camera.

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Iga, Yuka, and Yoshiki Yoshida. "A Study of Propagating Speed of Rotating Cavitation Based on Numerical Analysis." In ASME 2009 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2009-78411.

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In this study, by reproducing flowfields of several kinds of cavitation instabilities by numerical simulation of unsteady cavitation in three blades cyclic cascade, occurrence mechanism of rotating cavitations in cascade are attempted to clarify. “The order of appearance of rotating cavitations” and “the discontinuity of the propagation speed at the transition” are still not clarified. From the present study, it is found that they can be explained by existence of latent rotating-stall and decrease of frequency of cavity break-off with development of the cavity. And our numerical results agree with the predicted rotating speed of rotating cavitation and break-off frequency of cavitation. Additionally, difference of sub-synchronous rotating cavitation and rotating-stall cavitation, they are both sub-synchronous phenomenon but have different propagation speed, is explained according to their occurrence mechanism.

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Peng, Guoyi, Hideto Ito, Seiji Shimizu, and Shigeo Fujikawa. "Numerical Investigation on the Structure of High-Speed Cavitating Water Jet Issuing From an Orifice Nozzle." In ASME-JSME-KSME 2011 Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajk2011-33023.

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A practical mixture flow approach to the numerical simulation of turbulent cavitating flows is developed by coupling a simplified estimation of bubble cavitation to a compressible mixture flow computation. The mean flow of two-phase mixture is calculated by neglecting the slip between bubbles and surround liquid. Navier-Stokes equations for compressible fluids are used to describe the unsteady mean flow field and the RNG k-ε model is adopted for modeling of the flow turbulence. The intensity of cavitation in a local field is evaluated by the volume fraction of gas phase varying with the mean flow. The flow structure of submerged water jets issuing from an orifice nozzle is investigated numerically. Both non-cavitating and cavitating jets are calculated under different cavitation numbers in order to clarify the cavitation property of submerged water jet. The results demonstrate that the intensity of cavitation denoted by the maximum value of gas volume fraction and the area of strong cavitation indicted by high value of gas volume fraction increase with the decrease of cavitation number. Under the effect of cavitation bubbles the discharge coefficient of orifice nozzle decreases with the cavitation number.

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De Giorgi, Maria Grazia, Fabio Chiara, and Antonio Ficarella. "Experimental Study of Thermal Cavitation in an Orifice." In ASME 8th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2006-95406.

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Some experimental tests were performed studying the flow of water thought an orifice, in order to investigate the onset of the various cavitation structures and the effects of cavitation at different cavitation numbers and temperature. Different flow rates have been tested for different values of temperature. The results show that the cavitation originates at the inlet of the flow constriction area. It grows intensively and transforms into a cavitating cloud. As flow rate was increased, it was observed that the cavitating cloud travels downstream of the hole oscillating around the exit position and it is connected to the hole inlet through a sheet having a complex turbulent structures. The decrease in the cavitation number causes a corresponding increase of the width of the cavitating area especially in proximity of the critical cavitation number. In particular, it was observed that the critical cavitation number increases as the temperature increase. The behavior of the cavitation phenomenon can be related to the pressure fluctuations measured downstream of the orifice; a Fourier Transform of the downstream pressure signal was performed. The development of the cavitation phenomenon for lower cavitation numbers affects the pressure frequency components, related to the impacts due to vapor bubbles implosions. Finally, soma numerical simulations have been performed; the simulation results were compared with the experimental ones.

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Karimi Noughabi, Amir, Morteza Bayati, and Mehran Tadjfar. "Investigation of Cavitation Phenomena on Noise of Underwater Propeller." In ASME 2017 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2017-69536.

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Underwater propeller cavitation noise is composed of tonal blade rate noise and high frequency broadband noise. Cavitation usually increases overall sound pressure level in the various frequency ranges which depends on the type of cavitation. This research had been carry out to predict the radiated noise from a marine propeller in presence of cavitation with various cavitation types. The analysis is performed by coupling an acoustic code based on the Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings (FWH) equation to unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) which able to simulate multiphase flows in rotational domains. A brief summary of numerical method used to model the cavitation around the underwater propeller are presented and the thrust and torque coefficients are validated in different flow conditions by experimental results. The radiated noise along the shaft direction and perpendicular to the shaft direction is studied on both cavitating and non-cavitating propellers. Then, to predict the radiated noise due to cavitation in marine propeller, the computed sound pressure level (SPL) for non-cavitating marine propeller is compared with the SPL for the same propeller in cavitation conditions at various cavitation number and advanced coefficients. The noise analysis helps to determine the dominant noise source of the underwater propeller in different conditions, which will provide a basis for proper noise control strategies.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Cavitation"

Aguiar, Brandon, Paul Bianco, and Arvind Agarwal. Using High-Speed Imaging and Machine Learning to Capture Ultrasonic Treatment Cavitation Area at Different Amplitudes. Florida International University, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25148/mmeurs.009773.

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The ultrasonic treatment process strengthens metals by increasing nucleation and decreasing grain size in an energy efficient way, without having to add anything to the material. The goal of this research endeavor was to use machine learning to automatically measure cavitation area in the Ultrasonic Treatment process to understand how amplitude influences cavitation area. For this experiment, a probe was placed into a container filled with turpentine because it has a similar viscosity to liquid aluminum. The probe gyrates up and down tens of micrometers at a frequency of 20 kHz, which causes cavitations to form in the turpentine. Each experimental trial ran for 5 seconds. We took footage on a high-speed camera running the UST probe from 20% to 35% amplitude in increments of 1%. Our research examined how the amplitude of the probe changed the cavitation area per unit time. It was vital to get a great contrast between the cavitations and the turpentine so that we could train a machine learning model to measure the cavitation area in a software called Dragonfly. We observed that as amplitude increased, average cavitation area also increased. Plotting cavitation area versus time shows that the cavitation area for a given amplitude increases and decreases in a wave-like pattern as time passes.

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West, C. D. "Cavitation in a Mercury Target". Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/885870.

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Tullis, J. P. Cavitation guide for control valves. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10155405.

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Buttler, William Tillman. FICH: Feature instability cavitation history. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1603958.

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West, C. D. Cavitation in a Mercury Target. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/763224.

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Sokolow, Adam, and Chad Hovey. A Phenomenological Model for Cavitation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1810237.

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Pease, Leonard F. Drag Reducing and Cavitation Resistant Coatings. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1419158.

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Ceccio, Steven L. Dynamics of Cavitation on Rotating Propulsors. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada416939.

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West, C. D. Cavitation Bubble Nucleation by Energetic Particles. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/2687.

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Sollars, Ryan, and Alfred D. Beitelman. Cavitation-Resistant Coatings for Hydropower Turbines. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada545717.

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