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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Cattle Breeding"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 29 липня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Cattle Breeding"

Garmaev, D. T., and A. V. Tsydypova. "CATTLE BREEDING IN THE REPUBLIC OF BURYATIA: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS FOR DEVELOPMENT." Scientific Review Theory and Practice 11, no. 7 (2021): 2070–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.35679/2226-0226-2021-11-7-2070-2082.

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The article considers one of the main directions of increasing the level of food security of the country at the present time – the development of specialized beef cattle breeding, which contributes to an increase in pro- duction volumes in Russia and the Republic of Buryatia. The purpose of the article is to identify the problems of the development of the beef catle breeding industry; it is recommended to take measures to increase the production of beef meat in Russia and the Republic of Buryatia. Methods used: static, comparison, deductive analysis with a monographic survey, and also used logical, static, mathematical methods of information processing. The natural and climatic conditions of the republic are characterized as extreme, which increase costs, require disproportionately significant costs for the production of crop products, necessitate an increase in feed for the production of live- stock products, due to a long stall period and low negative temperatures determine its high cost. For the development of pedigree farms engaged in beef cattle breeding, the following measures will be taken: creation of stations for testing pedigree bulls on the basis of cows’ own productivity. Beef cattle breeding in the Republic of Buryatia is the most labor-intensive industry with a long payback period, therefore this sector is underdeveloped. The main problems of beef cattle breeding: the lack of high-value breeding bulls, the technology of dairy and beef cattle breeding is carried out on an extensive basis, and the low potential of livestock productivity. The following activities will take place. Measures to increase the production of high-quality beef: formation of a breeding base for beef cattle breeding based on the provision of differentiated subsidies for the maintenance of broodstock of beef cattle according to the “cow-calf” system in breeding plants and pedigree reproducers; purchase of pedigree young stock of specialized meat breeds.

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Penny, Colin. "Controlled breeding in cattle." In Practice 20, no. 7 (July 1998): 351–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/inpract.20.7.351.

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ХАЙНАЦКИЙ, В. Ю. "BEEF CATTLE BREEDING INFRACTRUCTURE." Molochnoe i miasnoe skotovodstvo, no. 5 (October 14, 2022): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.33943/mms.2022.65.86.001.

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Анотація:

Вопросы развития мясного скотоводства нельзя рассматривать в отрыве от всей инфраструктуры подотрасли. Селекционные достижения в видеживотных и стад с высоким генетическим потенциалом продуктивности являются только средствами производства, которые реализуются в производственных условиях — товарных хозяйствах и на откормочных предприятиях. В инфраструктуре подотрасли рассмотрены сферы производства как функционального назначения (основные и вспомогательные), так и по отраслевому признаку (межотраслевые и внутриотраслевые), дано краткое их описание и назначение. Показана важность каждого из них — племенных хозяйств, откормочных производств, организаций по искусственному осеменению, ассоциаций, рынков скота, мясоперерабатывающих предприятий, а также оптовой и розничной торговли. Особое внимание уделено необходимостиформирования в стране сети системообразующих предприятий, таких как откормочные площадки, а также рынков живого скота, вовлечения в производственный процесс крестьянских фермерских хозяйств, индивидуальных предпринимателей и личных подсобных хозяйств граждан, в пользовании которых находится до 50% поголовья крупного рогатого скота. The development of beef cattle breeding cannot be considered in isolation from the entire infrastructure of the sub-sector. Since such breeding achievements as animals and herds with a high genetic potential of productivity are only means of production that are realized in production conditions: commercial farms and fattening enterprises. In the infrastructure of the sub-sector, the spheres of production are considered as a functional purpose: main and auxiliary, and on an industry basis: inter-sectoral and intra-sectoral, their brief description and purpose are given. The importance of each of them is shown, and breeding farms and fattening industries, artificial insemination organizations and associations, livestock markets, meat processing enterprises, as well as wholesale and retail trade. Particular attention is paid to the need to form a network of core enterprises in the country, such as feedlots and livestock markets and the involvement of peasant farms and individual entrepreneurs and personal subsidiary farms in the production process, which use up to 50% of the cattle population.

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IVANOV, YU A., and V. Y. SIDOROVA. "ZOOROBOT FOR CATTLE BREEDING." Техника и технологии в животноводстве, no. 1 (2024): 4–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.22314/27132064-2024-1-4.

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A study of the daily time budget on the country's agricultural enterprises showed that the longest production processes are: animal’s rest is 12 hours or 50% of the daily budget; bulls’ sperm collecting - 7 hours or 29,2%; feeding - 3 hours or 12,5%; manure removal - 2 hours or 8,3%. Most of agroindustry processes on enterprises are carried out manually. By means of simulation modeling, this study was conducted on the possibilities of zoorobot using to increase efficiency and reduce the cost of the daily time budget for sire seed’s collecting material. Currently, a nonmechanical or mechanical mannequin with an adjustable tilt angle or a dummy animal is used to sperm collecting. The vagina’s preparation also manually is carried out, but at the several preassembled vaginas use it can be done mechanically. These studies have shown that zoorobots with an automatically adjustable tilt angle as mannequins for sperm collection can be used. Automation of these processes reduces the seed collection process from a bull in 3,8 times. The international practice of cattle breeding enterprises for seed collection material from breeding bulls is such that the main 40 thousand sperm doses from the manufacturer must be obtained in the first 2-2,5 years of its operation. At the same time, it should be borne in mind that the equipment preparation for seed’s harvesting of one bull it takes at least for 15-20 minutes of working time, i. e. during 8 hours of working time, 57 bulls can be used, at a doublet cage - 29 bulls, and with a triplet cage - 19 bulls, if there are 140 main bulls at the breeding plant. At a zoo robot using, the queue for bull's sperm collecting will decrease: in one cage - once every 2 days, in a doublet cage - every 3 days, in a triplet cage - every 5 days, or m/2n times, where m is the number of bulls, n is the number of minutes spent on the seed collecting from one bull.

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Datrianto, Dwi Sunu, Soedarmanto Indarjulianto, Alfarisa Nururrozi, Alsi Dara Paryuni, Topas Wicaksono Priyo Jr, Yosua Kristian Adi, and Azzahra Fairuz Vervena Egan. "The Study of Body Condition Score and Macro Minerals on Fertile and Repeat Breeding Cattle in Ngaglik Sub-District." Scholars Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences 11, no. 03 (May 7, 2024): 26–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sjavs.2024.v11i03.001.

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Beef is a source of animal protein in demand by the Indonesians. The development of cattle breeding in Indonesia needs to grow. One factor that causes the stagnation of cattle breeding is reproductive disorders. A reproductive disorder that local farmers in Indonesia often find is repeat breeding. This study aimed to know the Body Condition Score (BCS), Sodium (Na), and Chloride (Cl) between fertile and repeat-breeding cattle. This study used ten Simmental-PO cattle, and the research was conducted in Ngaglik Sub-District, Sleman City, Special Region of Yogyakarta Province. Cattle were divided into two groups, with five cattle in each group. Anamnesis examinations among farmers and reproduction records tests aimed to determine the fertile and repeat breeding cattle. Furthermore, body condition scoring is achieved by examining and palpating the costume and vertebrae. Blood samples were collected to determine the sodium and chlorine levels. Body Condition Score parameters among cattle were analyzed descriptively, and Na and Cl levels were analyzed using an independent T-test. The results of the BCS study on fertile cattle are 3,3 on average, and repeat breeding cattle are 2,5 on average. In addition, the results of the Na study on fertile cattle were 132.7±3.8, and repeat-breeding cattle were 131.6±2.5 (P>0.05). The results of the Cl study on productive cattle were 91.7±3.0 and repeat-breeding cattle 89.3±4.7 (P>0.05). The conclusion is that BCS is fertile range 2-3 and repeats breeding range 3-4. In conclusion, Na and Cl have no significant differences in productive and repeat-breeding cattle.

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Shumeiko, N. "Efficiency of breeding work in dairy cattle breeding." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 274 (June 7, 2019): 012081. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/274/1/012081.

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Derry, Margaret E. "North American Beef Breeding and the Modernization of the International Cattle Breeding Industries, 1950–2000." Agricultural History 96, no. 1-2 (May 1, 2022): 187–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00021482-9619838.

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Анотація:

Abstract This article deals with transformations in beef cattle breeding practices in North America from 1950 to 2000, and the implication of these changes across the Western world. It was a period of profound adjustment for beef cattle breeders, involving battles over genetic defects, the importation of new breeds, changing standards in relation to husbandry, and the extension of quantitative genetic breeding practices. These innovations would be echoed across Europe in the production of beef cattle and would also interact with the way dairy cattle were bred. This article explains the upheaval in beef breeding between 1950 and 2000, as well as how that upheaval affected dairy cattle breeding. Changes in beef breeding, in effect, modified the functioning of the entire cattle breeding world.

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Romjali, Endang. "Local Beef Cattle Breeding Program in Indonesia." Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences 28, no. 4 (February 21, 2019): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.14334/wartazoa.v28i4.1813.

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Анотація:

Indonesia has a number of cattle breeds that have certain advantages as meat-producing cattle with high adaptability to the local environment. Local beef cattle breeding has now been carried out by the government through technical implementation unit. Efforts to build local cattle breeding still need to be improved to be able to meet sustainably the demands of local cattle breeding stocks for the farmers. However, beef cattle breeding business is less attractive to investors because it is economically less profitable and requires a long maintenance time compared to the fattening business. This paper aims to provide an overview of thoughts in an effort to improve the performance of local beef cattle breeding in Indonesia. In supporting the local cattle breeding program, the role of central and regional governments still has to be dominant mainly in the establishing of breeding centers as the core and policies related to the operationalization of activities involving farmers and other stakeholders.

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БОГОЛЮБОВА, Л. П., С. В. НИКИТИНА, Е. А. МАТВЕЕВА, and Е. Е. ТЯПУГИН. "BREEDS COMPOSITION IN THE BREEDING MEAT CATTLE BREEDING IN RUSSIA." Molochnoe i miasnoe skotovodstvo, no. 1 (February 24, 2021): 10–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33943/mms.2021.29.45.002.

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Изучен породный состав и численность племенного скота мясного направления продуктивности в Российской Федерации. На долю мясных пород в мире приходится 40% от всего поголовья крупного рогатого скота. В России специализированное мясное скотоводство как самостоятельную отрасль животноводства начали создавать в начале 30-х годов прошлого века. На современном этапе в нашей стране разводят 12 пород крупного рогатого скота мясного направления продуктивности. К наиболее многочисленным относят абердин ангусскую, калмыцкую, герефордскую и казахскую белоголовую. Относительная численность животных этих пород составляет около 97% от всего поголовья скота мясного направления продуктивности. Лимузинская, галловейская, обрак, шаролезская, салерс имеют небольшой удельный вес, и совсем незначительный — у таких пород, как симментальская мясная, русская комолая и бланк-блю бельж. Территориальные и климатические особенности России позволяют в настоящее время заниматься мясным скотоводством в 59 регионах во всех федеральных округах. В 2000 году разводили 9 пород в 7 округах с численностью племенных животных около 82 тыс. голов. В 2019 году поголовье племенного мясного скота составило более 359 тыс., принадлежащих 12 породам, что в 4,4 раза больше по сравнению с 2000 годом. The article discusses the breed composition and number of breeding cattle for meat production in the Russian Federation. There are thousands of different breeds in the world, but only a few dozen are classified as meat. The share of beef cattle in the world accounts for 40% of the livestock, respectively 60% are dairy cattle. In Russia, specialized beef cattle breeding as an independent branch of animal husbandry began to be created in the early 30s of the last century. At the present stage, 12 breeds are bred in the beef cattle breeding of our country. Numerous breeds include Aberdeen Angus, Kalmyk, Hereford and Kazakh white-headed. The relative number of these breeds is about 97% of animals in the meat production direction. The rest of the breeds (Limousine, Galloway, Obrak, Charolais and Salers) have a lower specific weight. It is necessary to distinguish breeds with an insignificant specific gravity - these are Simmental meat, Russian hornless and blank-blue belge. The territorial and climatic features of Russia currently allow for beef cattle breeding in 59 regions in all federal districts. In 2000, 9 breeds were bred in 7 districts with about 82 thousand breeding animals. In 2019, the number of pedigree beef cattle amounted to more than 359 thousand heads belonging to 12 breeds, which is 4.4 times more than in 2000.

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Tombuku, Anggella T., and Ratri Retno Ifada. "Level of Glucose, Cholesterol and Albumin of repeatedly breed Madura Cattle." E3S Web of Conferences 316 (2021): 03013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202131603013.

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Анотація:

The current research aims to know the level of glucose, cholesterol and albumin of repeatedly breed Madura cattle. This research conducted in Madura Island for taking the blood sample. This research used 10 Madura cattle, the 5 cattle experiencing the repeated breeding and the 5 others are in the fertile condition. The results show that the glucose level of the repeated breeding cattle was higher, which was about (73.28±10.26 mg/dl) compared to the fertile cattle (69.96±20.23 mg/dl). Different from the total cholesterol of the repeated breeding cattle which was lower, it’s about (132.02±26.43 mg/dl) compared to the fertile cattle (135.28±24.83 mg/dl) using t-student analysis. Besides, the albumin level of the repeated breeding Madura cattle is lower, which was about (4.61±0.13 g/dl) compares to the fertile cattle which is about (5.26±0.44 g/dl). Based on the gathered data, there are no significant data but the level of the total cholesterol and the albumin of the blood in Madura cattle that experiencing the repeated breeding were lower than the fertile cattle. The high glucose level of the repeated breeding cattle was higher than the normal level of the common fertile cattle.

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Cattle Breeding"

Skrypzeck, Heidi. "An assessment of the contributions of Afrikaner, Hereford and Simmentaler in composite breed development in beef cattle." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51591.

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Thesis (MScAgric)--University of Stellenbosch, 2000.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to obtain more information regarding the characterisation of Afrikaner (A), Hereford (H) and Simmentaler (S) breeds in an initial crossbreeding programme and subsequent composite development. This involves the estimation of breed additive effects, breed maternal, individual heterotic effects and maternal heterotic effects in the initial crossbreeding phase and the estimation of genetic parameters and prediction of breeding values in later generations for birth weight (BW), weaning weight (WW) and cow efficiency (CE; WW/dam weight" 75 x 100) in an intensive environment under high stocking rates. In the analysis of the initial crossbreeding phase, the S breed direct effects, expressed as deviation from the general mean, were positive (P :s; 0.01) for both BW and WW. Hereford and A breed direct effects were negative (P :s; 0.01) for both BW and WW. Afrikaner direct maternal effects were positive (P :s; 0.01) for both BW and WW. The H direct maternal effect was negative (P :s; 0.05) (- 2.8%) for WW. Simmentaler maternal effect was negative (P :s; 0.01) for BW but non-significant (P ;:::0:.05) for WW. Individual heterotic effects for BW were significant (P:S; 0.01) in H x S (3.5%) and S x A (11.0%) only. Individual heterotic effects were positive (P :s; 0.01) for WW, with that of the H x A (9.8%) and S x A (6.7%) crosses exceeding the H x S (3.1%) cross. Maternal heterotic effects were non-significant (P ;:::0:.05) for both BW and WW. Investigations of the contributions of the A, Hand S during composite development in later generations, respectively, were made to estimate direct heritabilities (h2 a) and maternal heritabilities (h2 m) for BW and WW of the calf and CE of the dam. Calves were born between 1968 and 1993 (n = 52628). Calves of this composite population had varying levels of A, Hand S genes ranging from o to 75%, 0 to 100% and 0 to 96.9%, with an average of 4.3,19.3 and 33.4%, respectively. For the A, direct heritabilities fitting unitrait models were 0.67, 0.53 and 0.19 for BW, WW and CE, respectively, with corresponding estimates of h2mbeing 0.22, 0.36 and 0.58. Genetic correlations between direct and maternal effects (ram)were negative for all three traits, varying from -0.32 to - 0.62. Direct breeding values for BW increased and reached a maximum value at 0.11 proportion of A. The maternal breeding values for BW decreased linearly between 1.6 to 37.5% A proportion and increased linearly between 37.5 to 75% A proportion. For WW, the direct breeding values decreased linearly with increasing A proportion, while the maternal breeding values were not affected by proportion of A. Cow efficiency was unaffected by an increase in proportion of A. For the H, direct heritabilities fitting unitrait models were 0.67,0.52 and 0.21 for BW, WW and CE, respectively, with corresponding estimates of h2mbeing 0.22, 0.36 and 0.60. Genetic correlations between direct and maternal effects (ram)were negative for all three traits, varying from -0.32 to - 0.64. Direct breeding values and maternal breeding values for BW and WW decreased with increasing proportion of H. Direct breeding value for CE increased, while the maternal breeding value for CE reached minimum value at 0.62 proportion ofH. For the S, direct heritabilities fitting unitrait models were 0.66, 0.53 and 0.21 for BW, WW and CE, respectively, with corresponding estimates of h2m being 0.22, 0.36 and 0.59. Genetic correlations between direct and maternal effects (ram)were negative for all three traits, varying from -0.32 to - 0.63. Direct breeding values for BW and WW decreased and maternal breeding values increased with increasing proportion of S. Cow efficiency was unaffected by an increase in proportion of S. The study suggests that in the initial crossbreeding phase, purebred S breeding seems to be the best breeding practice for this environment and that during composite development, high A and H contributions could lead to low BW and WW (except the maternal contribution of the A for BW and WW). The advantage of the S lies more in the maternal contribution than in the direct contribution suggesting that the S is a large-framed maternal line rather than a terminal sire line.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: 'N WAARDEBEP ALING VAN DIE BYDRAE VAN DIE AFRIKANER, SIMMENTALER EN HEREFORD TYDENS KOMPOSIETE RASONTWIKKELING BY VLEISBEESTE: Die doel van die studie was om inligting aangaande die karakterisering van die Afrikaner (A), Hereford (H) en Simmentaler (S) rasse tydens die oorspronklike aanvangsfase van kruisteling en daaropvolgende komposiet ontwikkeling te verkry. Dit het die beraming van direkte additiewe, individuele heterose, direkte materne en materne heterotiese effekte tydens die aanvangsfase van die kruisteeltprogram, die beraming van genetiese parameters en die voorspelling van die teeltwaardes in latere generasies behels. Die eienskappe wat ingesluit is, is geboortegewig (BW), speengewig (WW) en koeidoeltreffendheid (CE; WW/koeigewigo.75 ). Hierdie kudde is in 'n intensiewe maar onder 'n hoë weidingsdruk omgewing aangehou. Tydens die ontleding van die eerste kruisteeltfase is die direkte additiewe effekte vir die S, uitgedruk as afwyking van die algemene gemiddelde, vir beide BW en WW positief (P ~ 0.01). Direkte additiewe effekte vir die H en A was vir beide BW en WW negatief (P ~ 0.01). Afrikaner materne effekte was vir beide BW en WW (P ~ 0.01) positief. Die H direkte materne effekte was negatief (-2.8%) (P ~ 0.05) vir WW. Simmentaler maternal effekte was ook vir BW negatief (P ~ 0.01), maar nie-betekenisvol (P 20.05) vir WW. Individuele heterose was slegs betekenisvol (P ~ 0.01) vir kombinasies van H x S (3.5%) en S x H (11.0%) vir BW. Individuele heterose was positief (P ~ 0.01) vir WW waar H x A (9.8%) en S x A (6.7%) kruisings dié van die H x S (3.1%) kruising oortrefhet. Materne heterose was vir beide BW en WW nie-betekenisvol (P 2 0.05). Die relatiewe bydraes van die A, H en S is ook tydens komposiet-ontwikkeling bereken. Direkte additiewe oorerflikhede (h2 a) en materne oorerflikhede (h2m) is vir BW en WW van die kalf en CE van die koei beraam. Kalwers in die komposiet kudde, gebore tussen 1968 en 1993 (n = 52628), het variërende vlakke van A, H en S gene. Die samestelling het gevarieer van 0 - 75%, 0 - 100% en 0 - 96.9%, met 'n gemiddeld van 4.3, 19.3 en 33.4%. Vir die A was die direkte erfbaarhede (h2 a), soos deur die passing van 'n enkeleienskapmodel beraam, 0.67, 0.53 en 0.19 vir onderskeidelik BW, WW en CE, met ooreenstemmende beramings van 0.22, 0.36 en 0.58 vir h2 rn- Genetiese korrelasies tussen direkte en mateme effekte (ram)was almal negatief en het tussen -0.32 en -0.62 gewissel. Direkte teelwaardes vir BW het met toenemende A-bydrae gestyg en het 'n maksimum waarde by 0.11 bereik. Die mateme teelwaardes vir BW het lineêr gedaal tussen 1.6 en 37.5% A-bydrae en het weer lineêr tussen 37.5 en 75% Abydrae gestyg. Vir WW het die direkte teelwaardes lineêr met toenemende A-bydrae gestyg, terwyl die mateme teelwaardes nie deur A-bydrae beïnvloed was nie. Koeidoeltreffendheid was nie deur 'n toename in A-bydrae beïnvloed nie. Vir die H was die direkte erfbaarhede (h2 a), soos deur die passing van 'n enkeleienskapmodel beraam 0.67, 0.52 en 0.21 vir onderskeidelik BW, WW en CE, met ooreenstemmende beramings van 0.22, 0.36 en 0.60 vir h2 rn- Genetiese korrelasies tussen direkte en mateme effekte (ram)was almal negatief en het tussen -0.32 en -0.64 gewissel. Direkte teelwaardes en mateme teelwaardes vir BW en WW het met toenemende H-bydrae gedaal. Direkte teelwaarde vir CE het ook met toenemende If-bydrae gedaal, terwyl die mateme teelwaarde 'n minimum waarde by 0.62 H-bydrae bereik het. Vir die S was die direkte erfbaarhede (h2a), soos deur die passing van 'n enkeleienskapmodel beraam 0.66, 0.53 en 0.21 vir onderskeidelik BW, WW en CE, met ooreenstemmende beramings van 0.22, 0.36 en 0.59 vir h2 m- Genetiese korrelasies tussen direkte en mateme effekte (ram)was almal negatief en het tussen -0.32 en -0.63 gewissel. Direkte teelwaardes vir BW en WW het gedaal, terwyl die mateme teelwaardes met toenemende S-bydrae gestyg het. Koeidoeltreffendheid was nie deur 'n toename in S-bydrae beïnvloed nie. Die bevinding was dat tydens die ontleding van die eerste kruisteeltfase die teling van suiwer S aanbeveel word en dat tydens komposiete-ontwikkeling toenemende A- en H-bydraes neig om aanleiding te gee tot afnames in BW en WW (behalwe die mateme bydrae van die A vir BW en WW). Die S-bydrae se voordeel is meer in die mateme bydrae as in die direkte bydrae geleë en dui dus aan dat die S as 'n mateme grootraam lyn i.p.v. as 'n terminale bullyn gebruik moet word.

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Matjuda, Lehotlo Ephraim. "Development breeding objectives for the nguni cattle breed in South Africa." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/862.

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Afolayan, Raphael Abiodun. "Genetics of growth and development in cattle." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2003. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09pha2579.pdf.

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Mazhar, Kehkashan. "Molecular genetic markers for selection and genome mapping in cattle." Thesis, University of Reading, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260797.

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Meacham, Nancy S. "Heritability estimates for calving date in Simmental cattle." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45782.

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Variation among sires in daughters' reproductive performance was analyzed using data on 4,360 cows from nine herds obtained from the American Simmental Association. Cows were required to have at least 50% Simmental breeding, to have calved first at 2 yr of age and to have been born and subsequently calved in the same herd and season. Traits analyzed included first and second calving dates, first calving interval and the percentage of cows that returned to calve in the same season as 3-yr-olds. Data were adjusted for effects of percentage Simmental and first-calf calving ease score. At second calving, purebred Simmentals calved 1.7 ± 1.2 d later than 75% Simmental cattle and 5.1 ± 1.4 d later than 50% Simmental cattle. When compared to cows that calved without assistance at first calving, cows experiencing easy pulls were 1.7 ± 1.4% less likely to calve as 3-yr-olds and had 4.9 ± 1.0 d longer calving intervals. Cows with hard pulls were 9.0 ± 2.1% less likely to return and had 6.5 ± 1.6 d longer calving intervals. Cows requiring Cesarean section were 23.1± 2.5% less likely to return and had 19.6 ± 2.4 d longer calving intervals. Heritability estimates were .17 ± .04 for first calving date, .07 ± .06 for second calving date, .04:105 for calving interval and .11 ± .04 for percent return. Calving interval does not appear to be a useful selection criterion to improve reproduction. Phenotypic and genetic correlations of first calving date with calving interval were -.58 and -.83 ± .37, respectively. The genetic correlation between first and second calving dates was .66 ± .41. Given current data recording procedures, calving date appears to be the most useful potential selection criterion to improve reproductive fitness.
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Brown, Timothy P. (Timothy Phillip). "Selection indices in retrospect for dairy cattle." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59266.

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Selection differentials and selection indices in retrospect were calculated to determine the relative emphasis placed on production and type traits through bull selection. Indices in retrospect including only production traits indicated that, for Holsteins, fat yield was the trait most heavily selected for between 1978 and 1987, followed by protein percent and then milk yield. Fat percent and protein yield had negative index weights throughout the nine year period. In Ayrshires, similar weights were observed except that milk yield index weights were negative throughout the nine year period. It was found that the relative weight placed on type was small and did not affect the relative weights place on production traits. Within Holsteins, differences in bull selection when multiple services were required to successfully service a cow indicated that selection for overall size was reduced in later services. Within Ayrshires, there were no differences in any production or type trait within multiple services.

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Green, Ronald T. "Evaluation of optimum and near optimum pair selection methods for increasing predicted relative net income in Jersey cattle." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45650.

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To evaluate the importance of non-linear relationships between Relative net income per day of productive life (RNI/DPL) and individual traits, 921,915 potential offspring were simulated from all possible matings of 20,487 Jersey cows and 45 active AI sires. Predicted milk yield, fat yield, and 13 linear type traits of potential progeny were used to predict RNI/DPL of all potential progeny.

Five methods of mate selection and pairing were evaluated for their effectiveness in choosing mates and the amount of computer time required to choose those pairings. Results of a linear programming (LP) method were used as a comparison for the other four more easily applied methods. Two of the other four methods were not significantly (P > .01) different from the LP method. Although the random pairing method was significantly different, similarity of results, for this method indicated non-linear relationships between RNI/DPL and individual trait scores are of minor importance. A11 four methods used considerable less computer time than the LP method.

Analysis of variance for predicted RNI/DPL (all possible offspring) indicated herd, dam within herd, sire, and inbreeding class to be significant (P < .01) variables in determining RNI/DPL. However the sire by dam within herd interaction did not significantly affect RNI/DPL, again indicating non-linear relationships between traits and RNI/DPL were not very important.

Regressing PDâ s, Clâ s, and their crossproducts for milk yield, fat yield, and 13 linear type traits showed the relative importance of crossproducts to be minimal in comparison to the linear ellects of parental genetic evaluations.

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Mitchell, Jay Douglas. "An Economic Assessment of Genetic Information: Leptin Genotyping of Breeding Cattle." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2006. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29904.

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Recent studies show polymorphisms in the leptin gene significantly impact milk production in dairy cattle. If the leptin gene were to have a similar impact on beef cattle, calf weaning weights would be expected to increase from the increased milk production in the cows. Since weaning weight is a key component of profitability in a cow-calf operation, leptin genotyping may prove to have an economic impact in breeding cattle. However, no research has been done to link the economic impact of increased milk production to breeding cattle. Using 595 observations from genotyped cows spanning 11 years (1995-2005), calf weaning weight by genotype is estimated as a function of calf and dam characteristics and environmental effects. A MIXED procedure, utilizing data from 89 culled cows, is used to determine statistical differences in average cull age by genotype. A simulation model calculates mean annualized equivalent return by genotype and breed using the regression coefficients and residuals and 16 years of price data. results show that at least one T-allele in breeding cows increases calf weaning weight, average cull age, and annualized equivalent return compared to cows with homozygous C-alleles. These results indicate that there may be future premiums and discounts for breeding cattle based on genotype. Seedstock producers could potentially begin to segregate herds based upon genotype so that they could sell genotypic registered products. Cow-calf producers may also benefit from this knowledge by increasing the amount of TT genotype breeding cattle in their herd to maximize profits.

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Botha, Theunis Christoffel. "Effect of selected physical and production traits on the tick burdens of beef cattle." Thesis, Port Elizabeth Technikon, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/91.

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The objective of this study was to determine the effect of selected traits such as age, sex, body weight, body length and height, body condition score (BCS), coatscore (CS), skin thickness and average skin surface temperature on tick burdens in beef cattle. Bonsmara cattle (n= 143) were used to measure visible tick counts, body condition score, coat score, skin thickness, body height and length, body weight, body surface temperature, gender and inter calving period. Measurements were taken from April to December. All animals were managed extensively on natural and cultivated pastures near George in the Southern Cape. Female animals had significantly (p<0.05) greater tick infestation (37.98±2.7) compared to male animals (16.52±1.2). Age was a significant factor (p<0.001) with the younger animals below two years having (46.40±5.26) more ticks than those of two years and older (20.15±2.44). A significant negative correlation (p<0.001; -0.29) was reported between the infestation of ticks on the animals and the age of the animal. Animals with an average body weight below 250kg had 42% (p<0.05) more ticks compared to animals with a body weight above 250kg. Age of the animal and weight were highly correlated (r= 0.70); p<0.001), while the correlation between the number of ticks per cow and the mean weight was negatively correlated (r= -0.37; p<0.001). Skin surface temperature significantly influenced tick infestation on the animals (p<0.001). The degree of infestation increased as body surface temperature exceeded 30º C. Coat score, skin thickness, body condition score and inter calving period did not significantly influence tick infestation on the animals. The infestation of ticks on the animals were significantly influenced by body height (p<0.019) and body length (p<0.001). Animals smaller than a 130cm in height had a significantly (p<0.05) greater tick infestation (36.5±5) compared to animals taller than 130cm (21.2±1.5). This trend was also observed for body length. Animals with a body length shorter than 145cm had a greater (p<0.05) average tick infestation of 41.3±4.5 compared to 23.2±1.3 to animals longer than 145cm, indicating a 44% greater tick infestation in favour of the shorter animals. For increased production and tick resistance animals should have smoother coats and be able to dissipate heat effectively.

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Gotschi, Manuela. "The use of blood metabolic concentrations as indicators of the metabolic and productive status in dairy cows." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2000. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-01312008-145827.

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Книги з теми "Cattle Breeding"

R, Fries, Ruvinsky Anatoly, and C. A. B. International, eds. The genetics of cattle. Wallingford, Oxon, UK: CABI Pub., 1999.

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Klopčič, Marija, Reinhard Reents, Jan Philipsson, and Abele Kuipers, eds. Breeding for robustness in cattle. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-657-1.

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Naqvi, Arif-un-Nisa. Dairy cattle breeding in Pakistan. Islamabad: Pakistan Agricultural Research Council, 1989.

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G, Hickman C., ed. Cattle genetic resources. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers, 1991.

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(Ireland), Agricultural Institute, ed. Breeding dairy cattle under quota restrictions. Dublin: An Foras Talúntais, 1987.

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Ireland. Department of Agriculture and Food., ed. National breeding programme for beef cattle. [Dublin]: (Dept. of Agriculture and Food), 1988.

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Mpiri, D. B. Advances in cattle breeding in Tanzania. Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: Ministry of Agriculture & Livestock Development, Dept. of Research and Training, 1990.

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Barth, A. D. Bull breeding soundness evaluation. Saskatoon: Western Canadian Association of Bovine Practitioners, 1994.

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Ball, P. J. H. Reproduction in cattle. 3rd ed. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Pub., 2004.

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Rosen, Sherwin. Cattle cycles. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1993.

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Частини книг з теми "Cattle Breeding"

Simm, Geoff, Geoff Pollott, Raphael Mrode, Ross Houston, and Karen Marshall. "Dairy cattle breeding." In Genetic improvement of farmed animals, 234–91. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789241723.0234.

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Abstract This chapter discussed the effects of applying the different principles in animal breeding such genetic analysis, predicting breeding values, use of tools and breeding technology, selection response within breeds, and strategies for genetic improvements in dairy cattle.

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Miglior, Filippo, Sarah Loker, and Roger D. Shanks. "Dairy Cattle Breeding." In Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology, 2781–88. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0851-3_338.

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Berry, Donagh. "Beef Cattle Breeding." In Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology Series, 191–221. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2460-9_1116.

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Pryce, Jennie E. "Dairy Cattle Breeding." In Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology Series, 243–60. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2460-9_1117.

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Simm, Geoff, Geoff Pollott, Raphael Mrode, Ross Houston, and Karen Marshall. "Beef cattle breeding." In Genetic improvement of farmed animals, 292–318. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789241723.0292.

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Abstract This chapter highlights the application of genetic principles such as strategies for genetic improvements, selection response within breeds, tools and technologies in animal breeding, genetic analysis, and predicting values in beef cattle.

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Berry, Donagh. "Beef Cattle Breeding." In Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology, 1–32. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2493-6_1116-1.

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Pryce, Jennie E. "Dairy Cattle Breeding." In Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology, 1–18. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2493-6_1117-1.

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Miglior, Filippo, Sarah Loker, and Roger D. Shanks. "Dairy Cattle Breeding." In Sustainable Food Production, 740–46. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5797-8_338.

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Spangler, Matthew L. "Breeding breeding/breed, see also animal breeding in Beef Cattle breeding/breed, see also animal breeding beef cattle." In Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology, 1723–40. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0851-3_339.

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Spangler, Matthew L. "Breeding breeding/breed, see also animal breeding in Beef Cattle breeding/breed, see also animal breeding beef cattle." In Sustainable Food Production, 328–45. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5797-8_339.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Cattle Breeding"

Skujina, Evija, and Irina Pilvere. "Development trends and challenges in beef cattle breeding in Latvia." In 24th International Scientific Conference. “Economic Science for Rural Development 2023”. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2023.57.056.

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In the European Union (EU), the cattle sector is made up of meat and dairy farming. These sectors are closely interlinked, as a significant proportion of dairy cows are slaughtered for meat. In the mid-1990s, as market conditions changed in Latvia's agricultural sector, the development of specialised breeds of beef cattle began, so the aim of the research is to examine trends in the development of beef cattle breeding in Latvia. Dairy farming is still one of the largest agricultural sectors in Latvia, but between 2003 and 2023 the total number of specialised beef cattle herds in Latvia has decreased by 46.9%, while the number of specialised beef cattle themselves has increased almost four times compared to 2003. The results of the study show, in 2023, the most popular beef cattle breeds were Charolais, Limousine, Hereford and Aberdinangus, and these breeds accounted for 87% of the total number of beef cattle. The beef cattle industry showed a positive trend in the development of specialized beef cattle breeds with an increase in the number of herds of 3-49 and 50-199 cattle in 2023, which accounted for 86% of the total number of beef cattle. In Latvia, beef cattle are concentrated in certain districts in the eastern, western, and northern parts of the country where favourable conditions (pastures) are available for rearing them. Authors conclude that in the future, farms producing cattle of specialized beef breeds will have to review their production practices in order to adapt to environmentally friendly solutions and contribute to the achievement of the objectives of the European Green Deal.

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Kateris, Dimitrios, Anastasios Mitsopoulos, Charalampos Petkoglou, and Dionysis Bochtis. "Lameness Identification System in Cattle Breeding Units." In International Conference of the Hellenic Association of Agricultural Economists. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024094013.

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Honcharenko, I. V. "The cattle breeding in Ukraine: development conditions." In Current problems of modern animal husbandry. �� "��-��" - �� -�� , 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33694/978-966-1550-33-8-2021-0-0-33-35.

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Kruhliak, O. V. "Effective management factor of pedigree dairy cattle breeding." In Current problems of modern animal husbandry. �� "��-��" - �� -�� , 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33694/978-966-1550-33-8-2021-0-0-51-52.

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Damyanov, Iliyan, Durhan Saliev, Kalin Dimitrov, and Vladimir Hristov. "Advanced management technologies for intelligent cattle breeding systems." In 2024 9th International Conference on Energy Efficiency and Agricultural Engineering (EE&AE). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eeae60309.2024.10600554.

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Genov, Stefan. "METHODOLOGY FOR ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY EVALUATION AT BEEF CATTLE BREEDING." In AGRIBUSINESS AND RURAL AREAS - ECONOMY, INNOVATION AND GROWTH 2021. University publishing house "Science and Economics", University of Economics - Varna, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36997/ara2021.334.

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The report proposes a methodological framework for an in-depth analysis of the economic efficiency at beef cattle breeding. Different approaches and methods for evaluation based on performance indicators proposed by other authors are considered. Based on them, new ones have been synthesized and proposed, which are considered to be decisive for the economic efficiency of farms. The indicators are grouped in order to analyze the individual elements of the production technology and the organizational and economic part of the breeding.

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Vasiukov, Kostiantyn, Vadym Perenesiienko, Wioletta Sawicka-Zuga, Vasyl Terpai, and Witold Chabuz. "Milk production and cattle breeding in Ukraine – wartime challenges." In 2nd International PhD Student’s Conference at the University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland: ENVIRONMENT – PLANT – ANIMAL – PRODUCT. Publishing House of The University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.24326/icdsupl2.a037.

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Tarjan, Laslo, Ivana Senk, Doni Pracner, Dusan Rajkovic, and Ljuba Strbac. "Possibilities for applying machine learning in dairy cattle breeding." In 2021 20th International Symposium INFOTEH-JAHORINA (INFOTEH). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/infoteh51037.2021.9400672.

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Ishchuk, Oksana V. "Problems of dairy cattle breeding development in the region." In Агропромышленный комплекс: проблемы и перспективы развития. Благовещенск: Дальневосточный государственный аграрный университет, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22450/9785964205517_4_30.

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Suratma, Nyoman Adi, I. M. Dwinta, F. Mubarok, and A. N. Alamsyah. "Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Tract Worms in Bali Cattle at Bali Cattle Breeding Center, Sobangan, Badung." In Proceedings of International Seminar on Livestock Production and Veterinary Technology. Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.14334/proc.intsem.lpvt-2016-p.153-155.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Cattle Breeding"

Freeman, A. E. Gene, and P. Jeffrey Berger. Overview of Dairy Cattle Breeding. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-103.

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Seroussi, E., L. Ma, and G. Liu. Genetic analyses of recombination and PRDM9 alleles and their implications in dairy cattle breeding. Israel: United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2020.8134158.bard.

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Анотація:

Meiotic recombination is one of the important phenomena contributing to gamete genome diversity. However, it is not well studied in livestock including cattle. The general objectives of this project were to perform genetic analyses of recombination and PRDM9 alleles and study their implications in dairy cattle breeding. The specific objectives were: 1. Analyze variation in recombination across individuals, breeds, and environments; 1.1.Construct individual-level recombination maps; 1.2.Compare recombination features between bulls held under different environmental conditions in US and Israeli; 2. Examine genetic basis of recombination variation in cattle; 2.1.Characterize PRDM9 alleles and their impacts on total and locus-specific recombination features; 2.2.Validate pedigree-based recombination maps using single sperm sequencing and typing; 3. Investigate the impacts of recombination on dairy cattle breeding; 3.1.Evaluate correlation between recombination and dairy production and health traits; 3.2.Evaluate the benefits of incorporating recombination as novel quantitative trait into genomic selection scheme.

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Wilson, Doyle E., Abebe T. Hassen, Gene H. Rouse, and Richard G. Tait. Beef Cattle Breeding Project Progress Report: Body Composition EPDs Determined from Ultrasound Measures. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-1066.

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Wilson, D. E., Abebe T. Hassen, Gene H. Rouse, and Richard G. Tait. Beef Cattle Breeding Project Progress Report: Body Composition EPD Determined from Ultrasound Measures. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-125.

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Wilson, Doyle E., Abebe T. Hassen, Gene H. Rouse, and Richard G. Tait. Beef Cattle Breeding Project Progress Report: Body Composition EPD Determined from Ultrasound Measures. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-1334.

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Foote, Robert H., Samuel Amir, T. J. Reimers, Haim Schindler, and S. Eger. Hormonal Relationships to Milk Yield, Energy Balance and Breeding Efficiency in Dairy Cattle. United States Department of Agriculture, October 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1986.7566708.bard.

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Hassen, Abebe T., Doyle E. Wilson, Gene H. Rouse, and Richard G. Tait. Beef Cattle Breeding Project Progress Report: Growth-Trait EPDs for 1998- and 1999-Born Calves. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-68.

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Hassen, Abebe T., D. E. Wilson, Gene H. Rouse, and Richard G. Tait. Beef Cattle Breeding Project Progress Report: Growth Trait EPDs for 1998-, 1999-, and 2000-born Calves. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-705.

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