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Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 27 липня 2024
Оновлено: 28 липня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Capitalism – europe, western"

1

Próchniak, Mariusz, Ryszard Rapacki, Adam Czerniak, Juliusz Gardawski, Bożena Horbaczewska, Adam Karbowski, Piotr Maszczyk, and Rafał Towalski. "Comparative capitalism in central and Eastern Europe – A test of similarity to Western Europe." Acta Oeconomica 73, no. 1 (March 27, 2023): 35–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/032.2023.00004.

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AbstractWe aimed to enrich the empirical picture and to better understand the nature of post-communist capitalism in the new EU member states in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE11). Our main research goal is to assess the degree of similarity of the institutional architectures in these countries toward each of the four models of capitalism in Western Europe distinguished by Bruno Amable (2003), represented in our research by one Western European country being the most typical empirical approximation of a particular ‘ideal-typical’ model. The study is based on the application of a new method designed for the purpose of our research, the coefficients of similarity. Our empirical exercise shows that the CEE11 countries exhibited on average the greatest relative similarity to the Mediterranean model of capitalism, represented by Spain and Italy. At the same time, they also displayed a considerable institutional proximity to the Continental model of capitalism, represented by Germany, and – to a lesser extent – to two remaining benchmarks. These findings may be generalized as the prevalence of a polycentric pattern of institutional similarity of the CEE11 economies to the established models of Western European capitalism which makes the emerging post-communist capitalism a distinct research category and adds to its patchwork nature.
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2

Lynch, Julia, and Jonathan Hopkin. "Post-Crisis Political Change in Western Europe." Current History 117, no. 802 (November 1, 2018): 315–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2018.117.802.315.

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3

Losonc, Alpar. "Is it possible to install social capitalism in post socialist transition?" Sociologija 49, no. 2 (2007): 97–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/soc0702097l.

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Recently Claus Offe has raised the question concerning the fate of the European model of social capitalism. Can the model of social capitalism survive European integration amongst current tendencies? Offe assumes that this model has been challenged by the processes of globalisation and by the integration of postsocialist countries into the European Union. The working hypotheses of this article is that a relatively coherent answer to this question may be offered. The article is divided into three parts. The first part starts with Polanji?s socio-economic theory and emphasizes the importance of this approach for analyzing tendencies of capitalism in Western Europe and in post-socialist countries. The author argues that Polanyi?s theory enables us to explain the forms of embedded liberalism in Western Europe after 1945, as well as the orientation of non-embedded neoliberalism and the functioning of the workfare state after the crisis of the Keynesian welfare state. The central element of social capitalism, namely, the welfare-state, despite globalizing tendencies projected by neoliberalism, still has dimensions of continuity. In the second section it is argued that an asymmetrical structure has arisen between Western Europe and the non-Western part of Europe concerning the socialisation of capitalism. Neoliberalisation in accordance with the model of transferring ideal-type capitalism is much more strongly implemented in transition countries. In the third part the author pleads for a broadening of the meaning of welfare to take into account the ecological aspect of welfare in countries in transition. The author insists that embeddedness must also include socio-ecological aspects of transition processes in postsocialist countries. Moreover, this theoretical approach provides an opportunity to explain the failures in implementing neoliberalism in postsocialist countries. If we introduce socio-ecological aspects we are in a much better position to answer Offe?s question.
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4

Losonc, Alpar. "Is there an opportunity to establish the social-capitalism in the post socialist transition?" Panoeconomicus 53, no. 4 (2006): 407–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pan0604407l.

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Recently Claus Offe has put the question that concerns the fate of the European model of social capitalism: Can the model of social capitalism survive the European integration in the context of certain contemporary tendencies? Offe has presupposed that the mentioned model is challenged by the processes of globalization and the integration of the post socialist countries into the European Union. The working hypothesis of the article is that there is an opportunity to provide a coherent answer to this question. The article consists of two parts. In the first part the author starts with the Polanyi's socio-economic theory and emphasizes the importance of this approach for the analyzing of the tendencies of capitalism in Western Europe and in the post socialist countries. The author argues that with the Polanyi's theory we are able to explicate the forms of the embedded liberalism in Western Europe after 1945 and the orientation of non-embedded neo-liberalism and the functioning of the workfare state after the crisis of the Keynesian welfare state. Despite the tendencies of the globalization projected by neo-liberalism, the central element of the social capitalism namely, the welfare state, remains with the dimensions of the continuity. In the next part the author points out that there is an asymmetrical structure between the Western-Europe and non-Western part of Europe concerning the socialization of capitalism. The neoliberalisation in accordance with the model of the transfer of ideal-type of capitalism is more strongly implemented in the countries of transition. In addition, the mentioned theoretical approach provides opportunities to explain the failures of implementing of neo-liberalism in the post socialist countries. On the basis of the endorsing of the socio-economic aspects we can address the issue pointed out by Offe.
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5

Sumbai, Gasiano G. N. "Book Review: Giacomo Corneo. Is Capitalism Obsolete? A Journey through Alternative Economic Systems (translated by Daniel Steuer)." Tanzania Zamani: A Journal of Historical Research and Writing 11, no. 2 (September 1, 2019): 142–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.56279/tza20211126.

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Giacomo Corneo is a professor of Social Policy and Public Finance at the Free University of Berlin, Germany. He starts his analysis by arguing that capitalism is increasingly becoming unpopular in Europe due to its being wasteful as demonstrated in widespread unemployment, injustice and alienation. He points out that high level of inequality in wealth possession is a real threat to both shared prosperity and democracy in Western Europe. His main problem is how to make the world a better place where people share wealth and prosperity. This ideal world could be achieved through adoption of an alternative economic system that would eliminate the basic contradiction found within capitalism, namely that between the social nature of production and the private mode of appropriation of wealth. Alhough capitalism applies advanced science and technology in creating more wealth, its ironic nature is such that a few people enjoy power, wealth and privileges over the poor who are the majority. This creates a polarized society based on appropriation of wealth- the rich on one end and the poor on the other. Corneo engages us in a debate to find out an alternative economic system that will do away with these imbalances in the appropriation and distribution of wealth. Currently, wealth, power and privileges are concentrated on few capitalists with powers to make decisions affecting billions of people in this world. Capitalist principles, laws and institutions promote and protect the right to private property and power.
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6

Rose-Ackerman, Susan. "A Review of Geoffrey M. Hodgson, Conceptualizing Capitalism: Institutions, Evolution, Future." Journal of Economic Literature 55, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 182–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.20161367.

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Capitalism and law go together in Geoffrey M. Hodgson's comprehensive analysis of the intellectual history and practical development of the capitalist system in Western Europe and North America. Given the breadth and depth of Professor Hodgson's reading in political economy and his reflections on its implications for the present and future of global capitalism, his book deserves to be widely read. Labeling his approach legal institutionalism, he argues that a legal system that supports capitalism and the market is necessary but not sufficient to sustain a fair and efficient economic system. The state makes efficient markets possible, but it must also deal with the inevitable tensions and the fundamental asymmetry between labor and capital. Tensions arise because labor cannot be used as collateral for the loans that are needed for large-scale capitalist enterprise. Hodgson has not developed the political implications of his conclusions in any detail, but his work ought to inspire research that explores the implications of his arguments for ongoing projects of nation building. (JEL D72, K10, O43, P14, P16)
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7

Myant, Martin. "Dependent capitalism and the middle-income trap in Europe na East Central Europe." International Journal of Management and Economics 54, no. 4 (December 31, 2018): 291–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ijme-2018-0028.

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Abstract The post-2008 slowdown in economic convergence by countries of east central Europe towards the level of western Europe is interpreted with the help of a concept of dependent capitalism. Convergence appeared to be rapid up to that year, but then stalled, albeit with differing results depending on the measure used. Dependent capitalism meant that the driver for economic growth comes from inward investment by multinational companies (MNCs). Domestically owned businesses failed when faced with international competition, and their agenda hampers policies supporting an active role from the state. Inward investment is attracted by low wages and has contributed to substantial growth, but the slowdown in investment was accompanied by much slower economic growth and dangers that past investment could turn into a burden on the external balance. The strategies pursued by incoming MNCs have brought areas of upgrading, but frequently leave technological levels somewhat behind those of western Europe. Even where they use the same technologies as in their home countries, wages still remain significantly lower. Achieving full convergence would require a different growth model following a substantial change in economic policies: this does not appear likely in the near future.
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8

Lachmann, Richard. "Origins of Capitalism in Western Europe: Economic and Political Aspects." Annual Review of Sociology 15, no. 1 (August 1989): 47–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.so.15.080189.000403.

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9

Rehbein, Boike. "Capitalism and inequality." Sociedade e Estado 35, no. 3 (December 2020): 695–722. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-6992-202035030002.

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Abstract According to the prevailing opinion, capitalism is a market economy governed by immutable laws and inequality is the result of competition between free and equal individuals on that market. This paper argues that capitalism, as developed in Western Europe in modern times, has more in common with organized crime than with a system of natural laws. It is rooted in the sale of church and common lands, the privatization of finance (especially public debt) and colonialism. However, its purpose is not the accumulation of wealth. It is merely a particular way of sustaining domination by a small group of people over the rest of the population. Domination in capitalism differs from earlier forms of domination in two ways: it is reproduced via the accumulation of wealth and it is not visible as such. Neither the purpose (domination) nor the functioning (systematic appropriation) is visible on the surface. Even Marx was led to believe that the economy is governed by laws which can be studied scientifically. The paper will argue against this belief by tracing the structures of domination to the reproduction of social inequality in capitalist societies.
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Betz, Hans-Georg. "The Two Faces of Radical Right-Wing Populism in Western Europe." Review of Politics 55, no. 4 (1993): 663–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034670500018040.

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During the past several years, radical right-wing populist parties have made impressive electoral gains in a growing number of West European countries. Their dramatic surge to political prominence has obscured the fact that these parties hardly form a homogeneous party group. Generally, it is possible to distinguish between neo-liberal and national populist parties. Both types of parties are a response to the profound economic, social, and cultural transformation of advanced societies interpreted as a transition from industrial welfare to postindustrial individualized capitalism. National populist parties are primarily working-class parties which espouse a radically xenophobic and authoritarian program. Neoliberal parties appeal to a mixed social constituency and tend to stress the marketoriented, libertarian elements of their program over xenophobic ones. Rather than being mere short-lived protest phenomena, radical right-wing populist parties are a reflection and expression of new political conflicts created by the transition to postindustrial capitalism.
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Дисертації з теми "Capitalism – europe, western"

1

KISER, EDGAR VANCE. "KINGS AND CLASSES: CROWN AUTONOMY, STATE POLICIES, AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN WESTERN EUROPEAN ABSOLUTISMS (ENGLAND, FRANCE, SWEDEN, SPAIN)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184073.

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This dissertation explores the role of Absolutist states in the transition from feudalism to capitalism in Western Europe. Three general questions are addressed: (1) what are the determinants of variations in the autonomy of rulers? (2) what are the consequences of variations in autonomy for states policies? and (3) what are the effects of various state policies on economic development? A new theoretical framework, based on a synthesis of the neoclassical economic literature on principal-agent relations and current organizational theory in sociology, is developed to answer these three questions. Case studies of Absolutism in England, France, Sweden, and Spain are used to illustrate the explanatory power of the theory.
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2

Herzog, Lisa Maria. "Inventing the market. Smith, Hegel and political theory." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:39eb8122-b2a3-4070-8fc2-12ed6e5568cc.

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This thesis analyses the constructions of the market in the thought of Adam Smith and Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel and their relevance for contemporary political philosophy. Combining the history of ideas with systematic analysis, it contrasts Smith’s view of the market as a benevolently designed ‘contrivance of nature’ with Hegel’s view of the market as a ‘relic of the state of nature.’ In two interpretative chapters these two constructions of the market are discussed within the contexts of Smith’s and Hegel’s thought. In three systematic chapters, the relevance of these different constructions for the problems of identity and community, social justice, and different notions and dimensions of freedom is discussed. The first of these chapters argues that the conceptualization of the labour market as a market place for human capital or as a locus for the development of a professional ethos has a deep impact on how one thinks about the relation between individual and community, cutting across the debate between liberals and communitarians. The second systematic chapter shows that the market can be seen either as an instrument for addressing issues of social justice or as an institution against which social justice needs to be realized: for Smith, who thinks that free markets reward virtue and equalize income, it is the former, whereas for Hegel, who holds that free markets lead to unpredictable results and exacerbate social differences, it is the latter. The third systematic chapter addresses the relation between different aspects of liberty and the market. It shows that the market offers both chances and risks for liberty in the sense of individual autonomy, and analyses the relations of the market to positive liberty in a political sense. The concluding chapter draws some broader methodological lessons, arguing for a closer integration of economic and political theory at a ‘less-ideal’ level.
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3

Momce, Adilson Prizmic. "Vantagens e desvantagens da Croácia na União Europeia: integração ou submissão do ponto de vista da soberania nacional?" Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8136/tde-30072013-110622/.

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Esta pesquisa levanta os elementos formadores da identidade nacional croata; faz um acompanhamento das conquistas da União Europeia; analisa os atores sociais que se posicionam a favor da Croácia como membro da União Europeia, bem como o posicionamento daqueles que são contra o ingresso da Croácia na União Europeia. Os posicionamentos teóricos, entrecruzados com os dados práticos coletados, faz-nos refletir sobre ganhos e perdas dos croatas em sua relação com a União Europeia. Há tendências negativas da União Europeia, aqui expostas, que não estão explícitas em seus tratados, nem expressos por suas instituições. Importa, nesta pesquisa, alcançar um posicionamento crítico com relação aos atos econômicos, políticos e sociais relacionados com a soberania nacional dos países periféricos do Leste Europeu. Este trabalho coloca em discussão as estratégias dos países ricos da Europa no sentido de perseverarem competitivos em âmbito global, incorporando o mercado do Leste Europeu. Por isso, este estudo se debruça sobre o Alargamento e acordos assinados entre os países-membros da União Europeia; mudanças na legislação croata; influência estrangeira no desenvolvimento humano da Croácia, dados estatísticos da Croácia e de países da União Europeia que espelham fatores positivos e negativos relacionados com a sustentabilidade da soberania nacional.
This research raises the formative elements of Croatian national identity; makes a follow-up to the achievements of the European Union; it analyzes the social actors that are positioned in favor of Croatia as a member of the European Union, as well as the positioning of those who are against the ingress of Croatia into the European Union. The theoretical positioning, intercrossed with practical data collected, makes us reflect on gains and losses of the Croats in their relationship with the European Union. There are negative trends of the European Union, exposed here, that are not explicit in its treaties, nor expressed by its institutions. It is important, in this study, achieving a critical positioning with respect to economic, political and social acts related to national sovereignty of peripheral countries of Eastern Europe. This work puts into discussion the strategies of the rich countries of Europe in order to persevere competitive in global scope, incorporating the East European market. For this reason, this study focuses on the \'Enlargement\' and agreements signed between the member countries of the European Union; changes in Croatian legislation; foreign influence in human development of Croatia, statistical data of Croatia and the European Union countries that reflect positive and negative factors related to sustainability of national sovereignty.
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Kulluk, Fahrünnisa Emi̇ne. "The uneven and contradictory development of the revolutionary process in late capitalism an exploratory case study of workplace and community struggles in Western Europe, 1960-1975 /." 1985. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/12937939.html.

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Tufis, Paula Andreea. "Effects of socio-political systems and economic development on status attainment: former socialist Central and Eastern European countries in comparison to Western capitalist countries /." 2007. http://etda.libraries.psu.edu/theses/approved/WorldWideIndex/ETD-2159/index.html.

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Книги з теми "Capitalism – europe, western"

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Donald, Hancock M., Logue John 1947-, and Schiller Bernt, eds. Managing modern capitalism: Industrial renewal and workplace democracy in the United States and Western Europe. New York: Praeger, 1991.

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2

Donald, Hancock M., Logue John 1947-, and Schiller Bernt, eds. Managing modern capitalism: Industrial renewal and workplace democracy in the United States and Western Europe. New York: Greenwood Press, 1991.

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3

Hart, Jeffrey A. Rival capitalists: International competitiveness in the United States, Japan, and Western Europe. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1992.

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4

Railways and the Western European capitals: Studies of implantation in London, Paris, Berlin and Brussels. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008.

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5

Globalization and the race for resources. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2006.

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6

The commercial revolution in nineteenth-century China: The rise of Sino-Western mercantile capitalism. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1986.

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7

Sweetapple, Christopher, ed. The Queer Intersectional in Contemporary Germany. Gießen: Psychosozial-Verlag, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.30820/9783837974447.

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Anti-racist and queer politics have tentatively converged in the activist agendas, organizing strategies and political discourses of the radical left all over the world. Pejoratively dismissed as »identity politics«, the significance of this cross-pollination of theorizing and political solidarities has yet to be fully countenanced. Even less well understood, coalitions of anti-racist and queer activisms in western Europe have fashioned durable organizations and creative interventions to combat regnant anti-Muslim and anti-migrant racism within mainstream gay and lesbian culture and institutions, just as the latter consolidates and capitalizes on their uneven inclusions into national and international orders. The essays in this volume represent a small snapshot of writers working at this point of convergence between anti-racist and queer politics and scholarship from the context of Germany. Translated for the first time into English, these four writers and texts provide a compelling introduction to what the introductory essay calls »a Berlin chapter of the Queer Intersectional«, that is, an international justice movement conducted in the key of academic analysis and political speech which takes inspiration from and seeks to synthesize the fruitful concoction of anti-racist, queer, feminist and anti-capitalist traditions, movements and theories. With contributions by Judith Butler, Zülfukar Çetin, Sabine Hark, Daniel Hendrickson, Heinz-Jürgen-Voß, Salih Alexander Wolter and Koray Yılmaz-Günay
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8

Peasantry to Capitalism: Western Östergötland in the Nineteenth Century (Cambridge Studies in Historical Geography). Cambridge University Press, 2006.

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9

A Millennium of Family Change: Feudalism to Capitalism in North Western Europe. Verso, 1995.

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Piatkowski, Marcin. What Black Death was to Western Europe, Communism was to Central and Eastern Europe. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198789345.003.0004.

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I argue in this chapter that despite its ultimate social, economic, and moral bankruptcy, communism imposed on Poland after 1945 sowed the seeds of the country’s economic success after 1989. The old, feudal social structures were bulldozed to snap Poland out of growth-inhibiting extractive society equilibrium, creating a classless society, boosting social mobility, and securing good quality of education for all. Forced industrialization and unprecedented labour movements supported solid GDP growth rates in Poland until the 1960s, but low returns on investment, lack of technological progress, and external shocks caused declining growth rates in the 1970s, and economic stagnation in the 1980s. I conclude that the assumption that if Poland had returned to capitalism after 1945, it would have developed as quickly as the West, is simplistic. I show that a capitalist Poland would have faced significant challenges to growth, and convergence with the West would not have been guaranteed.
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Частини книг з теми "Capitalism – europe, western"

1

Rhodes, Martin, and Bastiaan van Apeldoorn. "Capitalism versus Capitalism in Western Europe." In Developments in West European Politics, 171–89. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-25341-8_10.

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Farkas, Beáta. "Different Development Paths in the North-Western Countries." In Models of Capitalism in the European Union, 251–317. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-60057-8_6.

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Nilsen, Micheline. "Introduction." In Railways and the Western European Capitals, 1–6. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230615779_1.

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Nilsen, Micheline. "Brussels’ “Jonction” as the Heart Valve of a Commuting Workforce." In Railways and the Western European Capitals, 169–77. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230615779_10.

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Nilsen, Micheline. "Conclusion." In Railways and the Western European Capitals, 179–86. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230615779_11.

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Nilsen, Micheline. "Railways and Cities." In Railways and the Western European Capitals, 7–28. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230615779_2.

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Nilsen, Micheline. "London: Wedges into the Slums." In Railways and the Western European Capitals, 29–45. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230615779_3.

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Nilsen, Micheline. "London: The Euston Road Terminals." In Railways and the Western European Capitals, 47–68. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230615779_4.

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Nilsen, Micheline. "Paris: Haussmann, the Railways, and the New Gates to the City." In Railways and the Western European Capitals, 69–80. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230615779_5.

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Nilsen, Micheline. "Paris: Gare du Nord and Gare de I’Est." In Railways and the Western European Capitals, 81–108. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230615779_6.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Capitalism – europe, western"

1

Nikolić, Nenad. "PROBLEM IDENTITETA NACIONALNE KNjIŽEVNOSTI U MEĐUNARODNOM KONTEKSTU." In IDENTITETSKE promene: srpski jezik i književnost u doba tranzicije. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Edaucatin in Jagodina, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/zip21.025n.

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The paper analyses the global tendency of conceptualizing transnational and regional literature in order to suppress national literatures at first, and then to completely replace them. The analysis is based on History of the Literary Cultures of East-Central Europe: Junctures and disjunctures in the 19th and 20th centuries (Eds. M. Cornis-Pope and J. Neubauer, Vol. I 2004, Vol. II 2006, Vol. III 2007, Vol. IV 2010). The tendency to replace national literatures with the transnational one is depicted within the framework of broader cultural, social, and political circumstances. Based on the ideology of “Western liberalism, global capitalism, and George Soros” – which was stated as the core idea of the History of the Literary Cultures of East-Central Europe by its editors – this tendency leads to a general weakening of traditional identities framework: from personal to national identity. Therefore, the suppression of national literature is simultaneous with the suppression of nationality in general, and with changing the notion of literature as it existed in the age of national states since that notion was correspondent with the personal identity which also undergoes through changes.
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2

Negreponti-Delivanis, Maria, and Ioana Panagoreţ. "Dangerous Demographic Change Reinforces Europe’s Declining Image." In G.I.D.T.P. 2019 - Globalization, Innovation and Development, Trends and Prospects 2019. LUMEN Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/gidtp2022/14.

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Currently, one of the main factors that shows us a picture of Europe's decline is that of demographic change. This process of decline of the West is marked by more than five decades of several indicators and evolutions that show us that although the time of Western civilization is beginning to run out, a new one appears, namely that of the East. This process of decline in which there is an extreme and unprecedented form of capitalism appears more pronounced in Europe compared to the United States and is characterized by: corruption, alienation of peoples from their roots, religion, history, low birth rates, massive flows of migrants and refugees, the totalitarian tendency of governments. Although the signs of decline are numerous, in this paper we will analyze certain demographic developments observed mainly in Europe and which we consider from several points of view dangerous. In addition to these developments, which we consider quite dangerous, globalization is the most important. The paper is structured in four parts, in the first part being presented the basic trends and variations from the population's perspective. In the second and third part are presented the main causes and effects of these variations of the populations and in the fourth part the conclusions of this study. Most of the interpretive analysis of this unwanted stagnation process is based on demographic erosion, population aging, low middle class rates, the invasion of migrants and refugees that change the cultures of the host nations.
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Grecu, Vasile. "The role of pianistic art in the musical culture of interwar Bessarabia in relation to the european intercultural process." In Simpozion Național de Studii Culturale, dedicat Zilelor Europene ale Patrimoniului. Ediția III. Institute of Cultural Heritage, Republic of Moldova, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52603/sc21.08.

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In documents, we find data about the music schools that appeared in the first half of the 19th century, after Tudor Vladimirescu's Revolution, when the Romanian Lands experienced a period of national and cultural renaissance, while the history of culture marks the beginning of the modern era. With the opening of new educational institutions with a musical-artistic profile, the interest in studying the piano increases significantly, at the same time, the preoccupations for promoting the piano art were stimulated by foreign composers who, attracted by our ethnic music, capitalize on their creation. Towards the end of the last decade of the 19th century, the musical life in Bessarabia intensified, the buds of the national composition school appeared, which also brought the first works for the piano, made in the style and forms of Western schools and adapted to the local oral soundtrack, At the same time, there is a tendency to integrate the local musical art into the European artistic circuit.
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Kamil Ülkenli, Zeki, and Attila Gürsel. "CONSTRUCTIVE ELEMENTS OF PLANNED CAPITALS; “TIRANA SPINE” AND “ANKARA ATATURK BOULEVARD”." In ISSUES OF HOUSING, PLANNING, AND RESILIENT DEVELOPMENT OF THE TERRITORY Towards Euro-Mediterranean Perspectives. POLIS PRESS, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37199/c41000112.

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The subject of this study is the “plan of Tirana”, the capital of Albania since 1920, in particular the “main boulevard” in the city center, and the “Atatürk Boulevard” in the “planning story of Ankara”, which was declared the capital in 1922, even before the end of the war of independence. Both capitals are intended to prove the beliefs and endeavors of these new countries to their citizens and to the modern world. The new Albanian government needed urgent government buildings such as ministries, the pal- ace, and a strong form which would monumentally connect all these facilities; therefore, the main boulevard, which functions as the “spine” of Tirana’s central business district, was designed as an idea by Italian architects in 1925. This “spine” circulation system was mainly inspired by the urban movements of the time, such as the linear city and as in the planning of Ankara; the beautiful city movement. Ankara, too, had to demonstrate the strength and credibility of the young Turkish Republic, first to its own citizens and then to the entire western world. Therefore, with the choice of the new cap- ital, ties with the Ottoman Empire were severed and Hermann Jansen, a world-renowned planner, was commissioned to prepare a plan for Ankara. In this plan, it was necessary for the positioning of new government buildings, mainly around the designed boulevard, like Tirana. Tirana and Ankara are studied in the light of the historical development of capital city functions and the main titles of their planning stories: the spine and Atatürk Boulevard.
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5

Miteva, Boryana. "Bulgarian scientific and technical intelligence in Japan during the Cold War." In 9th International e-Conference on Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences. Center for Open Access in Science, Belgrade - Serbia, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.32591/coas.e-conf.09.06055m.

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Since Bulgarian-Japan relations have already been well researched by the scholar Evgeny Kandilarov, this study aims to pose an accent on a very specific aspect of their Cold War interaction. Based primary on Bulgarian declassified documents of ex-socialist secret services it attempts to supplement Cold War studies and knowledge about Sofia-Tokyo relations as a part of Japan’s relations with the Soviet Union and the East European countries as a whole. It provides analysis regarding aims, methodology, expansion, cooperation, and results of Bulgarian scientific and technical intelligence in Japan during the Cold War years. This study proposes that since Western democracies restricted access of socialist countries to high technology by COCOM and since Japan achieved unimaginable economic and technological growth in the end of 1960s, KGB and all Eastern European secret services estimated Japan as a destination with significant opportunities for scientific and technical intelligence. Bulgarian communist leader Todor Zhivkov was one of the greatest admirers of the Japanese economic model and thus, scientific, and technical intelligence became a priority line for Bulgarian residence in Japan. It was not only a countermeasure in view of COCOM restrictions but transformed into an important element of socialist strategy for modernization. Japan was not the only one of capitalist countries, which became an object of industrial espionage, but it took key place for completing important scientific and technical tasks in the field of electronics, robotics, chemical industry, equipment etc. This knowledge was more or less implemented in industry and contributed to the Bulgarian economic and technological modernization.
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Urban, Rochus Urban, and Dylan Newell. "On a Field: Undoing Polarities between Indigenous and Non-indigenous Design Knowledges." In The 38th Annual Conference of the Society of Architectural Historians Australia and New Zealand. online: SAHANZ, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55939/a3984pnz9n.

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This paper discusses how architectural practices can engage with and be inspired by a culture that is more than 60.000 years old. How can architects learn from situated and embodied Indigenous knowledge systems in the Australian context? How can an ethical engagement with indigenous histories and practices inspire the development of future architectural practices? This paper proposes that a better understanding of indigenous relationships to land and our environment can inspire us as a society and as architects to imagine new ways of thinking and practising. Considering our numerous contemporary crises, such as climate change, species extinction, food insecurity, we might need to begin to challenge and question western European norms and frameworks. The persistence of colonial thinking, operating within a capitalist system, has been the root cause of most of our contemporary crises. To attempt to undo the polarities that persist between indigenous and non-indigenous knowledge and thinking, we might learn new ways of storytelling as a means of envisioning an alternative future. This paper understands the theme of the ‘ultra’ as that position that keeps us apart and stops us from sharing stories that might lead to alternative ways of speculating on shared spatial futures. To situate this discussion, we present a collaborative and pedagogical design experiment undertaken on the lands of the Dja Dja Wurrung. On this Country, tentative attempts to learn with the environment and its associated stories were ventured on a small field and storytelling was used to shift our understanding of country and architecture.
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