Готові списки джерел за темами / Cancer (colorectal, breast, cervical)

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Cancer (colorectal, breast, cervical)"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 26 липня 2024

Оновлено: 27 липня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Cancer (colorectal, breast, cervical)"

Jovanović, Verica, and Tamara Naumović. "Main characteristics of the organized screening program for cervical cancer, breast cancer and colorectal cancer in the Republic of Serbia." Glasnik javnog zdravlja 95, no. 1 (2021): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/gjz2101033j.

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The paper aims to provide a descriptive, detailed review of the organized screening programs for cervical cancer, breast cancer and colorectal cancer in the Republic of Serbia. In this research, data from the Regulations on the National Program for Early Detection of Breast Cancer, Cervical Cancer and Colorectal Cancer were used, as well as published and unpublished data from the Institute of Public Health of Serbia. Screening for cervical cancer, breast cancer and colorectal cancer is carried out on the territory of the Republic of Serbia in the form of an organized decentralized program. Cervical cancer screening program encompasses women aged 25-64 years; the breast cancer screening program covers women aged 50-69 years; and the colorectal cancer screening program is offered to men and women aged 50-74 years. All three screening programs aim to cover at least 75% of the target population. The screening cycle for cervical cancer is three years, and for breast cancer and colorectal cancer, two years. The screening test used in the organized cervical cancer screening program is the PAP test; for breast cancer, the screening methodology relies on mammography; and for colorectal cancer, the screening program involves an immunohistochemical FOB test. Organized screening for cervical and breast cancers are offered through gynaecology specialists, while the organized screening for colorectal cancer is provided through the family physician, a medical doctor (or general medicine specialist) at the health centre. Organized cervical cancer, breast cancer and colorectal cancer screening programs represent a key activity at all levels of the healthcare system for early detection, prevention and reduction of mortality from malignant diseases. All programs are a part of continual healthcare activities in the Republic of Serbia, as a highly efficient cancer control strategy.

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Barlow, William E., Elisabeth F. Beaber, Berta M. Geller, Aruna Kamineni, Yingye Zheng, Jennifer S. Haas, Chun R. Chao, et al. "Evaluating Screening Participation, Follow-up, and Outcomes for Breast, Cervical, and Colorectal Cancer in the PROSPR Consortium." JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute 112, no. 3 (July 11, 2019): 238–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djz137.

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Abstract Background Cancer screening is a complex process encompassing risk assessment, the initial screening examination, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment of cancer precursors or early cancers. Metrics that enable comparisons across different screening targets are needed. We present population-based screening metrics for breast, cervical, and colorectal cancers for nine sites participating in the Population-based Research Optimizing Screening through Personalized Regimens consortium. Methods We describe how selected metrics map to a trans-organ conceptual model of the screening process. For each cancer type, we calculated calendar year 2013 metrics for the screen-eligible target population (breast: ages 40–74 years; cervical: ages 21–64 years; colorectal: ages 50–75 years). Metrics for screening participation, timely diagnostic evaluation, and diagnosed cancers in the screened and total populations are presented for the total eligible population and stratified by age group and cancer type. Results The overall screening-eligible populations in 2013 were 305 568 participants for breast, 3 160 128 for cervical, and 2 363 922 for colorectal cancer screening. Being up-to-date for testing was common for all three cancer types: breast (63.5%), cervical (84.6%), and colorectal (77.5%). The percentage of abnormal screens ranged from 10.7% for breast, 4.4% for cervical, and 4.5% for colorectal cancer screening. Abnormal breast screens were followed up diagnostically in almost all (96.8%) cases, and cervical and colorectal were similar (76.2% and 76.3%, respectively). Cancer rates per 1000 screens were 5.66, 0.17, and 1.46 for breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer, respectively. Conclusions Comprehensive assessment of metrics by the Population-based Research Optimizing Screening through Personalized Regimens consortium enabled systematic identification of screening process steps in need of improvement. We encourage widespread use of common metrics to allow interventions to be tested across cancer types and health-care settings.

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Kotzur, Marie, Colin McCowan, Sara Macdonald, Sally Wyke, Lauren Gatting, Christine Campbell, David Weller, Emilia Crighton, Robert J. C. Steele, and Kathryn A. Robb. "Why colorectal screening fails to achieve the uptake rates of breast and cervical cancer screening: a comparative qualitative study." BMJ Quality & Safety 29, no. 6 (December 26, 2019): 482–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2019-009998.

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BackgroundIn Scotland, the uptake of clinic-based breast (72%) and cervical (77%) screening is higher than home-based colorectal screening (~60%). To inform new approaches to increase uptake of colorectal screening, we compared the perceptions of colorectal screening among women with different screening histories.MethodsWe purposively sampled women with different screening histories to invite to semistructured interviews: (1) participated in all; (2) participated in breast and cervical but not colorectal (‘colorectal-specific non-participants’); (3) participated in none. To identify the sample we linked the data for all women eligible for all three screening programmes in Glasgow, Scotland (aged 51–64 years; n=68 324). Interviews covered perceptions of cancer, screening and screening decisions. Framework method was used for analysis.ResultsOf the 2924 women invited, 86 expressed an interest, and 59 were interviewed. The three groups’ perceptions differed, with the colorectal-specific non-participants expressing that: (1) treatment for colorectal cancer is more severe than for breast or cervical cancer; (2) colorectal symptoms are easier to self-detect than breast or cervical symptoms; (3) they worried about completing the test incorrectly; and (4) the colorectal test could be more easily delayed or forgotten than breast or cervical screening.ConclusionOur comparative approach suggested targets for future interventions to increase colorectal screening uptake including: (1) reducing fear of colorectal cancer treatments; (2) increasing awareness that screening is for the asymptomatic; (3) increasing confidence to self-complete the test; and (4) providing a suggested deadline and/or additional reminders.

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Shi, Kewei Sylvia, Jessica Star, Jingxuan Zhao, Xuesong Han, and Robin Yabroff. "Association of health insurance coverage disruptions and breast, colorectal, and cervical cancer screening." JCO Oncology Practice 19, no. 11_suppl (November 2023): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/op.2023.19.11_suppl.116.

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116 Background: Health insurance coverage is critical for ensuring access to recommended health care in the United States. This study investigates the effects of insurance coverage disruptions on receipt of breast, colorectal, and cervical cancer screenings. Methods: We identified adults <65 years eligible for breast, cervical and/or colorectal cancer screening from the 2015, 2019, and 2021 National Health Interview Survey (years cancer control supplements fielded). Adults were categorized into 5 groups based on insurance type at survey and prior coverage disruptions (lack of insurance during prior 12 months): private, with and without disruption; public, with and without disruption; and uninsured. Screening outcomes included: 1) past-year screening and 2) guideline-concordant screening, defined from the US Preventive Services Task Force guidelines available at the time of each survey. Separate multivariate logistic regression models were used to evaluate the associations of insurance coverage disruptions and cancer screening. Results: We identified 12,121 women aged 50-64 years eligible for breast cancer screening, 23,490 people aged 50-64 years eligible for colorectal cancer screening, and 33,391 women aged 21-64 years eligible for cervical cancer screening. Compared to people with continuous private or public coverage, people with coverage disruptions were less likely to receive past-year or guideline-concordant cancer screening (Table). People without health insurance coverage had the lowest level of screening. Among people with private coverage, disruptions were associated with lower guideline-concordant screening across all three cancer types in adjusted analyses (breast: AOR: 0.45, 95% confidence interval (CI): (0.32, 0.63); colorectal: 0.49 (0.39, 0.62); cervical: 0.70 (0.58,0.84)); among people with public coverage, disruptions were associated with lower guideline-concordant breast cancer screening (AOR: 0.39 (0.23, 0.65)). Conclusions: Health insurance coverage disruptions were associated with lower past-year and guideline-concordant breast, colorectal, and cervical cancer screening. Findings underscore the importance of stable health insurance coverage as part of a comprehensive approach to improve cancer screening rates and early detection of cancers when treatment is most effective.[Table: see text]

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Bowie, Janice V., Barbara A. Curbow, Mary A. Garza, Erin K. Dreyling, Lisa A. Benz Scott, and Karen A. Mcdonnell. "A Review of Breast, Cervical, and Colorectal Cancer Screening Interventions in Older Women." Cancer Control 12, no. 4_suppl (November 2005): 58–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073274805012004s09.

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Although cancer-screening guidelines recommend periodic testing for women 50 years of age and older, these tests are underused. A search of databases identified 156 community-based breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening intervention studies published before April 2003. Most were conducted in the United States. More than half used randomization procedures or pre-post measures, and one third used both. Most reported significant intervention effects. Cervical and combined cervical and breast studies had higher rates of pre-post designs, and breast studies had the highest percentage using randomization. Although effective community-based breast and cervical interventions have been conducted, there is an urgent need for amplification of colorectal cancer screening.

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Zheng, Senshuang, Xiaorui Zhang, Marcel J. W. Greuter, Geertruida H. de Bock, and Wenli Lu. "Determinants of Population-Based Cancer Screening Performance at Primary Healthcare Institutions in China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 6 (March 23, 2021): 3312. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18063312.

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Background: For a decade, most population-based cancer screenings in China are performed by primary healthcare institutions. To assess the determinants of performance of primary healthcare institutions in population-based breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening in China. Methods: A total of 262 primary healthcare institutions in Tianjin participated in a survey on cancer screening. The survey consisted of questions on screening tests, the number of staff members and training, the introduction of the screening programs to residents, the invitation of residents, and the number of performed screenings per year. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the determinants of performance of an institution to fulfil the target number of screenings. Results: In 58% and 61% of the institutions between three and nine staff members were dedicated to breast and cervical cancer screening, respectively, whereas in 71% of the institutions ≥10 staff members were dedicated to colorectal cancer screening. On average 60% of institutions fulfilled the target number of breast and cervical cancer screenings, whereas 93% fulfilled the target number for colorectal cancer screening. The determinants of performance were rural districts for breast (OR = 5.16 (95%CI: 2.51–10.63)) and cervical (OR = 4.17 (95%CI: 2.14–8.11)) cancer screenings, and ≥3 staff members dedicated to cervical cancer screening (OR = 2.34 (95%CI: 1.09–5.01)). Conclusions: Primary healthcare institutions in China perform better in colorectal than in breast and cervical cancer screening, and institutions in rural districts perform better than institutions in urban districts. Increasing the number of staff members on breast and cervical cancer screening could improve the performance of population-based cancer screening.

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Toyoda, Yasuhiro, Takahiro Tabuchi, Hitomi Hama, Toshitaka Morishima, and Isao Miyashiro. "Trends in clinical stage distribution and screening detection of cancer in Osaka, Japan: Stomach, colorectum, lung, breast and cervix." PLOS ONE 15, no. 12 (December 31, 2020): e0244644. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244644.

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We examined clinical stage distribution and proportion of screen-detected cases of stomach, colorectal, lung, female breast and cervical cancer by sex and age group using Osaka Cancer Registry data from 2000–2014. The proportion of local or in situ stage cancer had increased for all age groups in all sites, except stomach cancer in the 0–49 years group and female breast cancer in the 80 years and older group. The proportion of screen-detected cases had increased during the study period for all age groups in all cancer sites. While the proportion increased noticeably in the younger groups, there was only a slight increase in the older groups. Regarding stomach, colorectal and lung cancers, the proportion of local and in situ stage had similarly increased in the 65–79 years and 80 years and older age groups compared with younger groups, despite lower exposure to cancer screening. Regarding breast and cervical cancers, the increases in local and in situ cancer paralleled the increase in screen-detected cases. These findings suggest that the increases in early stage stomach, colorectal and lung cancers might be due not only to the expansion of screening programs but also the development of clinical diagnostic imaging or other reasons. The increases in local and in situ stage breast and cervical cancers seemed to be due to the expansion of screening. Continued monitoring of trends in cancer incidence by clinical stage may be helpful for estimating the effectiveness of screening.

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Zheng, Senshuang, Xiaorui Zhang, Marcel J. W. Greuter, Geertruida H. de Bock, and Wenli Lu. "Willingness of healthcare providers to perform population-based cancer screening: a cross-sectional study in primary healthcare institutions in Tianjin, China." BMJ Open 14, no. 4 (April 2024): e075604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-075604.

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ObjectiveTo evaluate the willingness of healthcare providers to perform population-based screening in primary healthcare institutions in China.MethodsHealthcare providers of 262 primary healthcare institutions in Tianjin were invited to fill out a questionnaire consisting of demographic characteristics, workload, and knowledge of, attitude towards and willingness to perform breast, cervical and colorectal cancer screening. Willingness to screen was the primary outcome. Multilevel logistic regression models were conducted to analyse the determinants of healthcare providers’ willingness to screen. ORs and 95% CIs were estimated.ResultsA total of 554 healthcare providers from 244 institutions answered the questionnaire. 67.2%, 72.1% and 74.3% were willing to perform breast, cervical and colorectal cancer screening, respectively. A negative attitude towards screening was associated with a low willingness for cervical (OR=0.27; 95% CI 0.08, 0.94) and colorectal (OR=0.08; 95% CI 0.02, 0.30) cancer screening, while this was not statistically significant for breast cancer screening (OR=0.30; 95% CI 0.08, 1.12). For breast, cervical and colorectal cancer screening, 70.1%, 63.8% and 59.0% of healthcare providers reported a shortage of staff dedicated to screening. A perceived reasonable manpower allocation was a determinant of increased willingness to perform breast (OR=2.86; 95% CI 1.03, 7.88) and colorectal (OR=2.70; 95% CI 1.22, 5.99) cancer screening. However, this was not significant for cervical cancer screening (OR=1.76; 95% CI 0.74, 4.18).ConclusionsIn China, healthcare providers with a positive attitude towards screening have a stronger willingness to contribute to cancer screening, and therefore healthcare providers’ attitude, recognition of the importance of screening and acceptable workload should be optimised to improve the uptake of cancer screening.

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Kelly, David Mark, Carla Estaquio, Christophe Léon, Pierre Arwidson, and Hermann Nabi. "Temporal trend in socioeconomic inequalities in the uptake of cancer screening programmes in France between 2005 and 2010: results from the Cancer Barometer surveys." BMJ Open 7, no. 12 (December 2017): e016941. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016941.

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ObjectivesCancer screening is a form of secondary prevention for a disease which is now the leading cause of death in France. Various socioeconomic indicators have been identified as potential factors for disparities in breast, cervical and colorectal cancer screening uptake. We aimed to identify the socioeconomic inequalities, which persisted in screening uptake for these cancers, and to quantify these disparities over a 5-year period.SettingThe Cancer Barometer was a population-based-survey carried out in 2005 and 2010 in France.ParticipantsA randomly selected sample of participants aged 15–85 years (n=3820 in 2005 and n=3727 in 2010) were interviewed on their participation in breast, cervical and colorectal cancer screening-programmes and their socioeconomic profile.Primary and secondary outcome measuresFor each type of screening programme, we calculated participation rates, OR and relative inequality indices (RII) for participation, derived from logistic regression of the following socioeconomic variables: income, education, occupation, employment and health insurance. Changes in participation between 2005 and 2010 were then analysed.ResultsParticipation rates for breast and colorectal screening increased significantly among the majority of socioeconomic categories, whereas for cervical cancer screening there were no significant changes between 2005 and 2010. RIIs for income remained significant for cervical smear in 2005 (RII=0.25, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.48) and in 2010 (RII=0.31, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.64). RIIs for education in mammography (RII=0.43, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.98) and cervical smear (RII=0.36, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.64) were significant in 2005 and remained significant for cervical smear (RII=0.40, 95% CI 0.22 to 0.74) in 2010.ConclusionsThere was a persistence of socioeconomic inequalities in the uptake of opportunistic cervical cancer screening. Conversely, organised screening programmes for breast and colorectal cancer saw a reduction in relative socioeconomic inequalities, even though the results were not statistically significant. The findings suggest that organised cancer screening programmes may have the potential to reduce socioeconomic disparities in participation.

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Nimrah Inam, Ayesha Hameed, Lubna Vohra, and Sana Zeeshan. "Recent Advancements in Gremlin-1: Breast cancer." Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association 73, no. 2 (January 25, 2023): S155—S159. http://dx.doi.org/10.47391/jpma.akus-25.

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One of the bone’s morphogenic protein (BMP) antagonists, Gremlin-1 or GREM-1, can bind directly to BMPs. GREM-1 can act in either BMP-dependent or -independent pathways, according to research. It reinforces organogenesis, tissue differentiation, and organ fibrosis. Recent research from numerous studies has demonstrated the significance of GREM-1 in the initiation, progression, and even metastasis of different cancers, including breast, cervical, gastric, and colorectal cancers. This review highlights the function of GREM-1 in the development of breast cancer and its effect on the cellular procedures and signalling pathways involved in carcinogenesis. Keywords: Bone Morphogenetic, Carcinogenesis, Organogenesis, Colorectal Neoplasms, breast cancers, stem cells

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Дисертації з теми "Cancer (colorectal, breast, cervical)"

Valášková, Veronika. "EFEKTIVITA SCREENINGOVÝCH PROGRAMŮ ZHOUBNÝCH NÁDORŮ V ČESKÉ REPUBLICE." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-194341.

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This diploma thesis deals with the national screening programs for cancer diagnosis. The goal of this thesis is to find a proper way how to evaluate the effectivity of screening programs as well as their influence on the intensity of mortality from certain types of cancer. For the purpose of finding out necessary information were used data related to the diagnosis of colorectal cancer, a diagnosis of cervical cancer and breast cancer in the population of the Czech Republic between 1977 - 2011. This thesis is divided into eight chapters. The first chapter is an introduction to the topic and contains the description of the main goals. The second chapter defines terms that are crucial for this thesis. The third chapter is devoted to data sources and institutions that collect different types of data and health statistics. The next chapter deals with the epidemiology of all described types of cancer and also provide information on risk factors and symptoms of the disease. The fifth chapter looks back at trends in mortality and incidence of the most common malignant tumors in the Czech Republic. The sixth chapter describes planning and implementation of screening processes. The seventh history of screening programs in the Czech Republic. The eighth chapter deals with the rules and regulations of the EU Council and the World Health Organization. The ninth chapter represents the final assessment of Czech screening programs, compared both to the WHO guidelines and the results in the world. The last chapter is including description of mortality and their reaction on screening programs. Text describes even comparison with two other European countries (Germany, France).

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Green, Margaret. "Prognostic factors in breast and colorectal cancer." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298045.

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Hanson, Jon. "Mucin expression in breast cancer colorectal cancer and adenomatous polyps." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.251293.

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El-Baruni, Khaled S. "Factor X-activating activity in breast and colorectal cancer." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.293698.

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Kan, Chin-Yi. "Human Papillomavirus in human breast cancer and cellular immortalisation." Sydney : University of New South Wales. Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, 2007. http://www.library.unsw.edu.au/~thesis/adt-NUN/public/adt-NUN20071004.080541/.

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Gornall, Robert J. "TP53 polymorphisms and haplotypes in breast, cervical and ovarian cancer." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310562.

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Wolstenholme, Jane. "Counting the costs of cancer care : breast, cervical and lung cancer in Trent." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2001. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/12097/.

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The purpose of this thesis is to explore the theory, practice and application of costing with specific reference to cancer. In part it reviews the theory and guidelines related to costing methods including the recent focus on the analytical techniques used with cost data. In addition it examines how these theories and guidelines are applied in practice, by reviewing the literature on costs and cancer. The empirical research in this thesis applies costing methods to three specific cancer sites; breast, cervix and lung. This analysis provides information on the total burden of these specified cancers in terms of cost to a typical health authority (Trent). It also explores the hypothesis highlighted in previous studies that the cost of cancer increases with the stage of the disease. The final area of contribution for the thesis is in the application of recently suggested analytical techniques for cost data to the breast, cervical and lung cancer data sets; it investigates a number of proposed techniques for the analysis of skewed cost data and methods for data with incomplete patient follow up.

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MacKenzie, Naomi. "Quality of life following surgery for breast and colorectal cancer." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2004. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/20514/.

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Background. Colorectal and breast cancers are two of the commonest malignant diseases. The approach to these two cancers is markedly different with patients suffering from breast cancer having the benefits of screening, specialist nurses and support groups. In contrast, colorectal cancer has received less attention in terms of screening, support and public interest. Purpose. This study aimed to collect prospective data on presentation, predisposing factors, co-existing morbidity and management of patients with breast and colorectal cancer and make comparisons with national guidelines. It examined patient perceived quality of life in both colorectal and breast cancer groups prior to and following surgery. The groups were further divided by gender and into stoma and non-stoma (colorectal cancer) and mastectomy and breast conserving surgery (breast cancer). In addition, the work compared the life quality between the colorectal and breast cancer groups and evaluated the appropriateness of newly developed disease specific QOL questionnaires on a UK population. Methods. This study formed a prospective longitudinal repeated measures design. Patients were evaluated at three time points over a six month period starting at the time at which they underwent their cancer surgery. At the first assessment demographic, clinical and QOL data were collected and at 3 and 6 months clinical data was updated and QOL assessed. Clinical data consisted of pathology, adjuvant therapy, morbidity and mortality. QOL was measured at each assessment using the generic cancer EORTC QLQ-C30 instrument. In addition, the colorectal specific module (EORTC QLQ-CR38) and the breast specific module (EORTC QLQ-BR23) were administered at 3 and 6 months post surgery. Results. The clinical data was compared with national guidelines for each cancer population. Guidelines for colorectal cancer were not followed closely whereas those for breast cancer were more formally adhered to. Over the study period, patients with colorectal cancer reported an improvement in emotional functioning, gastrointestinal (CI) symptoms, pain and weight gain. Males reported more nausea, vomiting, dyspnoea and pain. They also had greater sexual enjoyment, although reported more sexual problems. The stoma group had decreased social functioning throughout the study, increased 31 symptoms and sexual problems at 3 months. The non-stoma group had increased emotional functioning from surgery to 3 months and improved sleep. Over the study period, patients with breast cancer reported deterioration in pain, fatigue, dyspnoea and sexual enjoyment. Additionally, at 3 months they reported poorer physical functioning, role functioning and social functioning. The breast conserving group reported deterioration in cognitive functioning, emotional functioning and global well-being and worse diarrhoea. The mastectomy group reported better physical functioning, but poorer role functioning, body image and future perspective. A comparison of the two cancer groups indicated that there were few QOL differences. The colorectal cancer group had worse pain at the time of surgery and reported more 31 symptoms throughout the study. The breast cancer group had better social functioning, role functioning and physical functioning at the time of surgery, but complained of worse pain at 3 months and had poorer emotional functioning throughout the study. It is interesting to note that for both cancer groups there were generally high levels of functioning. There was difficulty in interpreting some of the data because the questionnaires were not appropriate/sensitive in certain areas for these populations. There were many missing answers to the questions on sexual health. Conclusions. This work has provided an insight into the management of two common cancers at a time when guidelines were being established. Quality of life measures with greater sensitivity are required so that they can be used in all clinical trials and longitudinal studies to provide comparable information. There is a need to generate meaningful QOL data that can be easily understood by all clinicians involved in cancer care and which can be incorporated into clinical management.

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Wiseman, Kara P. "Improving Understanding of Colorectal Cancer Screening Decisional Conflict and Breast Cancer Survivorship Care." VCU Scholars Compass, 2015. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3774.

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Background: Behavioral interventions and evidence based guidelines along the cancer control continuum can reduce the burden of cancer. Objectives: This dissertation aims to increase our understanding of colorectal cancer screening (CRCS) decisional conflict and breast cancer survivorship care. This project: 1) assesses CRCS decisional conflict in a general population, 2) uses the Theory of Triadic Influence to model and evaluate direct and indirect associations between CRCS decisional conflict and colonoscopy adherence, 3) assesses post-treatment breast cancer care. Methods: Data from a questionnaire administered to randomly selected adults, 50-75 years, living in six MN communities (N=1,268) and the 2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) (N=1,024, women ages 27-99) were used. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify characteristics associated with high CRCS decisional conflict; then structural equation modelling (SEM) was performed to assess direct and indirect associations of CRCS decisional conflict and colonoscopy adherence. Using BRFSS data, multivariable logistic regression was performed to assess the association between years since diagnosis and the type of clinician providing the majority of care for breast cancer survivors after treatment completion. Results: Greater colonoscopy barriers (OR=1.04; 95% CI: 1.02-1.05) and CRCS-specific confusion (OR=1.12; 95% CI: 1.10-1.15) as well as a healthcare provider not discussing CRCS options (OR=1.67; 95% CI: 1.18-2.37) were associated with increased odds of high CRCS decisional conflict. A similar relationship was found in the SEM analyses: both greater levels of perceived colonoscopy barriers and CRCS confusion were associated with higher decisional conflict (standardized total effects=0.42 and 0.39, respectively, p-values < 0.01). CRCS decisional conflict was associated with increased non-adherence to colonoscopy. This relationship was mediated by CRCS-specific self-efficacy and intention (standardized total effect=0.14, p-value <0.01). Among breast cancer survivors, women 0–1 and 2–3 years since diagnosis were 2.1-2.6 times more likely to have a cancer-related clinician providing the majority of care compared to women 6+ years since diagnosis (95% CIs: 1.0-4.3; 1.4-4.6). Conclusions: Decreasing colonoscopy barriers and CRCS-specific confusion could decrease CRCS decisional conflict and ultimately increase CRCS uptake. National policies to move breast cancer follow-up care to a primary care provider might be well-received by cancer survivors.

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OKAMOTO, TOMOMITSU, SHIGEKO SAITO, SHIHO TANAKA, SACHI NAGAI, YUKIKO MORI, and MAI HORIKAWA. "METASTATIC BREAST CANCER TO THE UTERINE CERVIX MIMICKING A GIANT CERVICAL LEIOMYOMA." Nagoya University School of Medicine, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/16745.

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Книги з теми "Cancer (colorectal, breast, cervical)"

L, Sutton Amy, ed. Cancer sourcebook for women: Basic consumer health information about leading causes of cancer in women, featuring facts about gynecologic cancers and related concerns, such as breast cancer, cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, uterine sarcoma, vaginal cancer, vulva cancer, and common non-cancerous gynecologic conditions, in addition to facts about lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and thyroid cancer in women ; along with information about cancer risk factors, screening and prevention, treatment options, and tips on coping with life after cancer treatment ... 3rd ed. Detroit, MI: Omnigraphics, 2006.

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L, Sutton Amy, ed. Cancer sourcebook for women: Basic cosumer health information about leading causes of cancer in women, featuring facts about gynecologic cancers and related concerns, such as breast cancer, cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, uterine sarcoma, vaginal cancer, vulva cancer, and common non-cancerous gynecologic conditions, in addition to facts about lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and thyroid cancer in women, along with information about cancer risk factors, screening and prevention, treatment options, and tips on coping with life after cancer treatment, a glossary of cancer terms, and a directory of resources for additional help and information. 3rd ed. Detroit: Omnigraphics, 2006.

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Alarcon, Mariela. Breast and cervical cancer among Latino Women. Washington D.C: National Council of La Raza, 1998.

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Howe, Holly L. Breast and cervical cancer surveillance in Illinois. Springfield, Ill: Illinois Dept. of Public Health, Division of Epidemiologic Studies, 1993.

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Montana. Breast & Cervical Health Program. Montana Breast & Cervical Health Program. Helena, Mont: Montana Dept. of Public Health and Human Services, 2008.

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Gebbie, Kristine M. Washington cancer control plan: Smoking-related, breast, and cervical cancer. Olympia, Wash: Washington State Dept. of Health, Office of Heart Disease and Cancer Prevention, 1991.

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A, Dolecek Therese, and Illinois. Division of Epidemiologic Studies., eds. Breast and cervical cancer profile, Illinois, 1986-1994. Springfield, IL: Illinois Department of Public Health, Division of Epidemiologic Studies, 1996.

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Montana. Breast & Cervical Health Program. Montana Breast & Cervical Health Program 2006/2007. Helena, Mont: Montana Dept. of Health & Human Services, 2006.

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Craddock, Penny. Cancer screening for practice nurses: Breast and cervical modules. Abingdon, Oxon: The Medicine Group (UK), 1991.

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Частини книг з теми "Cancer (colorectal, breast, cervical)"

Sichero, Laura, and Luisa Lina Villa. "HPV and Cervical Cancer." In Breast and Gynecological Cancers, 83–98. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1876-4_5.

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Elit, Laurie. "Screening for Cervical Cancer in Low-Resource Countries." In Breast and Gynecological Cancers, 99–123. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1876-4_6.

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Kelly, Kevin M., Mahesh K. Shetty, and José Humberto Tavares Guerreiro Fregnani. "Breast Cancer Screening and Cervical Cancer Prevention in Developing Countries: Strategies for the Future." In Breast and Gynecological Cancers, 301–29. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1876-4_16.

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Beevi, Syed Sultan, Naveen Kumar Tangudu, Vinod Kumar Verma, and Lekha Dinesh Kumar. "Biodrug Suppresses Breast and Colorectal Cancer in Murine Models." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 245–63. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9220-1_19.

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Resnick, Kimberly, and David Cohn. "Ovarian and Endometrial Cancer in Patients with Hereditary Non-polyposis Colorectal Cancer Syndrome." In The Role of Genetics in Breast and Reproductive Cancers, 163–81. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0477-5_8.

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Rader, Janet S. "Host and Viral Genetics and Risk of Cervical Cancer." In The Role of Genetics in Breast and Reproductive Cancers, 263–84. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0477-5_12.

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Drife, James O. "Oral Contraceptives and the Risk of Breast and Cervical Cancer." In Hormonal Carcinogenesis II, 321–28. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2332-0_37.

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Dannenberg, A. J., and L. R. Howe. "The Role of COX-2 in Breast and Cervical Cancer." In COX-2, 90–106. Basel: KARGER, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000071368.

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Lorrain, Jacques, and Jean-Pierre Moquin. "Cancer of the Breast, Cervical Cancers, Ovarian Cancers, and Other Cancers." In Clinical Perspectives in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 410–17. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4330-4_39.

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Zewde, Elbetel Taye, Mizanu Zelalem Degu, and Gizeaddis Lamesgin Simegn. "Artificial Intelligence-Based Breast and Cervical Cancer Diagnosis and Management System." In Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, 79–94. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28725-1_6.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Cancer (colorectal, breast, cervical)"

Diaz-Santana, Mary Vanellys, Susan Hankinson, Susan Sturgeon, Carol Bigelow, Milagros Rosal, Judith Ockene, and Katherine W. Reeves. "Abstract B70: Exploring the role of acculturation in breast, colorectal and cervical cancer screening among Hispanic women." In Abstracts: Ninth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; September 25-28, 2016; Fort Lauderdale, FL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp16-b70.

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Baltic, Ryan D., Gregory S. Young, Mira L. Katz, Susan Rawl, Victoria Champion, and Electra D. Paskett. "Abstract B001: Rural interventions to improve breast, cervical and colorectal screening rates: Recruitment strategies for women in rural areas." In Abstracts: Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; September 20-23, 2019; San Francisco, CA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp19-b001.

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Okasako-Schmucker, Devon, Yinan Peng, Susan Sabatino, Ismaila Ramon, Kristin Tansil Roberts, Shawna L. Mercer, and Randy Elder. "Abstract C70: A community guide systematic review of multicomponent interventions to increase breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening: Findings in underserved populations." In Abstracts: Tenth AACR Conference on The Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; September 25-28, 2017; Atlanta, GA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp17-c70.

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Patierno, Steven, and Peter C. Raich. "Abstract PL06-03: Effect of patient navigation on time from definitive diagnosis to initiation of treatment (T2) for breast, prostate, colorectal, and cervical cancers." In Abstracts: AACR International Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities‐‐ Sep 18-Sep 21, 2011; Washington, DC. American Association for Cancer Research, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.disp-11-pl06-03.

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Cobb, Jamaicia, Yinan Peng, and Devon Okasako-Schmucker. "Abstract C104: A community guide systematic review of interventions engaging community health workers to increase appropriate breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening: Findings in underserved populations." In Abstracts: Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; September 20-23, 2019; San Francisco, CA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp19-c104.

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Jakobi, Paul Joseph, S. Hackenberg, Désirée Ehrmann-Müller, and R. Hagen. "Cervical metastasis of male breast cancer." In Abstract- und Posterband – 91. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie e.V., Bonn – Welche Qualität macht den Unterschied. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1710965.

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Egu, John Chinonso, Krisztián Moldován, Petra Herman, István Fábián, Ferenc Fenyvesi, and József Kalmár. "Cisplatin loaded hybrid aerogel microparticles for cervical and colorectal cancer chemotherapy." In III. Fiatal Technológusok Fóruma. Szeged: MGYT Gyógyszertechnológiai Szakosztály, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/ftf.2020.op9.

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Carvalho, Débora Medeiros de, Josielly Ferreira Bacelar, Joarla Ayres de Morais Estevão, Carlos Eduardo Moura de Lima, Josie Haydée Lima Ferreira Paranaguá, Emanuelle de Lima Barros, Isadora Patrícia Porfírio Franco de Andrade, and Sabas Carlos Vieira. "Two pathogenic variants in a patient with cervical and breast cancer: Case report." In Brazilian Breast Cancer Symposium 2023. Mastology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942023v33s1054.

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Introduction: The presence of two pathogenic germline variants in hereditary cancer is an uncommon event. We report a case of a Brazilian patient from Teresina, Piauí, who developed breast and cervical carcinoma with pathogenic variants in BRCA2 and MUTYH genes. Case Report: A 25-year-old female patient in 2012 underwent a radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy without ovarian preservation for treatment of histologic grade 2 (G2) squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the cervix, FIGO stage IB2. Histopathology of the surgical specimen revealed SCC, G2, stromal invasion 16 mm, 4.5 cm in diameter, compromised parametrium, 6 lymph nodes without metastasis, and normal ovaries. She received pelvic radiotherapy and brachytherapy associated with platinum-based chemotherapy. In 2017, she was diagnosed with histologic grade 1 invasive breast carcinoma of no special type in the right breast. Immunohistochemistry revealed that it was a luminal B tumor (estrogen receptor (ER)+ 90%, progesterone receptor (PR) + 80%, human epidermal growth factor (HER2) 1+, Ki-67 40%), stage IA (T1N0M0)). Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (AC, 4 cycles) followed by paclitaxel (12 cycles) was performed. The patient underwent segmental mastectomy, and sentinel lymph node research and histopathology revealed complete pathological response and negative sentinel lymph node residual cancer burden 0. She had a history of three pregnancies and three deliveries, with no case of neoplasia in the family. In 2023, multigene test for hereditary predisposition to cancer was performed, in which two pathogenic variants were detected being one in BRCA2 gene (c.8725A>T) and the other in MUTYH (c.1187G>A). Currently, there is no evidence of active disease and on schedule for colonoscopy, endoscopy, and bilateral risk-reducing mastectomy. Conclusion: In young patients with multiple cancers, a search for pathogenic variants related to hereditary cancer predisposition syndromes should be offered, as in the present case.

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Hamashima, Chisato. "10 Overscreening in cervical and breast cancer screening in Japan." In Preventing Overdiagnosis meeting Abstracts 2023. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ebm-2023-pod.10.

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Gandhi, Priyanka, Xiao Luo, Susan Storey, Zuoyi Zhang, Zhi Han, and Kun Huang. "Identifying Symptom Clusters in Breast Cancer and Colorectal Cancer Patients using EHR Data." In BCB '19: 10th ACM International Conference on Bioinformatics, Computational Biology and Health Informatics. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3307339.3342164.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Cancer (colorectal, breast, cervical)"

Yelena, Gorina, and Elgaddal Nazik. Patterns of Mammography, Pap Smear, and Colorectal Cancer Screening Services Among Women Aged 45 and Over. National Center for Health Statistics, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc:105533.

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This study examines and compares sociodemographic, health status, and health behavior patterns of screening for breast cancer, cervical cancer, and colorectal cancer among women aged 45 and over in the United States.

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Boushey, Carol, Jamy Ard, Lydia Bazzano, Steven Heymsfield, Elizabeth Mayer-Davis, Joan Sabaté, Linda Snetselaar, et al. Dietary Patterns and Breast, Colorectal, Lung, and Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Service, Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion, Nutrition Evidence Systematic Review, July 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.52570/nesr.dgac2020.sr0104.

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Bitler, Marianne, and Christopher Carpenter. Effects of Direct Care Provision to the Uninsured: Evidence from Federal Breast and Cervical Cancer Programs. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w26140.

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Rankin, Nicole, Deborah McGregor, Candice Donnelly, Bethany Van Dort, Richard De Abreu Lourenco, Anne Cust, and Emily Stone. Lung cancer screening using low-dose computed tomography for high risk populations: Investigating effectiveness and screening program implementation considerations: An Evidence Check rapid review brokered by the Sax Institute (www.saxinstitute.org.au) for the Cancer Institute NSW. The Sax Institute, October 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/clzt5093.

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Background Lung cancer is the number one cause of cancer death worldwide.(1) It is the fifth most commonly diagnosed cancer in Australia (12,741 cases diagnosed in 2018) and the leading cause of cancer death.(2) The number of years of potential life lost to lung cancer in Australia is estimated to be 58,450, similar to that of colorectal and breast cancer combined.(3) While tobacco control strategies are most effective for disease prevention in the general population, early detection via low dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening in high-risk populations is a viable option for detecting asymptomatic disease in current (13%) and former (24%) Australian smokers.(4) The purpose of this Evidence Check review is to identify and analyse existing and emerging evidence for LDCT lung cancer screening in high-risk individuals to guide future program and policy planning. Evidence Check questions This review aimed to address the following questions: 1. What is the evidence for the effectiveness of lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? 2. What is the evidence of potential harms from lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? 3. What are the main components of recent major lung cancer screening programs or trials? 4. What is the cost-effectiveness of lung cancer screening programs (include studies of cost–utility)? Summary of methods The authors searched the peer-reviewed literature across three databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Embase) for existing systematic reviews and original studies published between 1 January 2009 and 8 August 2019. Fifteen systematic reviews (of which 8 were contemporary) and 64 original publications met the inclusion criteria set across the four questions. Key findings Question 1: What is the evidence for the effectiveness of lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? There is sufficient evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses of combined (pooled) data from screening trials (of high-risk individuals) to indicate that LDCT examination is clinically effective in reducing lung cancer mortality. In 2011, the landmark National Lung Cancer Screening Trial (NLST, a large-scale randomised controlled trial [RCT] conducted in the US) reported a 20% (95% CI 6.8% – 26.7%; P=0.004) relative reduction in mortality among long-term heavy smokers over three rounds of annual screening. High-risk eligibility criteria was defined as people aged 55–74 years with a smoking history of ≥30 pack-years (years in which a smoker has consumed 20-plus cigarettes each day) and, for former smokers, ≥30 pack-years and have quit within the past 15 years.(5) All-cause mortality was reduced by 6.7% (95% CI, 1.2% – 13.6%; P=0.02). Initial data from the second landmark RCT, the NEderlands-Leuvens Longkanker Screenings ONderzoek (known as the NELSON trial), have found an even greater reduction of 26% (95% CI, 9% – 41%) in lung cancer mortality, with full trial results yet to be published.(6, 7) Pooled analyses, including several smaller-scale European LDCT screening trials insufficiently powered in their own right, collectively demonstrate a statistically significant reduction in lung cancer mortality (RR 0.82, 95% CI 0.73–0.91).(8) Despite the reduction in all-cause mortality found in the NLST, pooled analyses of seven trials found no statistically significant difference in all-cause mortality (RR 0.95, 95% CI 0.90–1.00).(8) However, cancer-specific mortality is currently the most relevant outcome in cancer screening trials. These seven trials demonstrated a significantly greater proportion of early stage cancers in LDCT groups compared with controls (RR 2.08, 95% CI 1.43–3.03). Thus, when considering results across mortality outcomes and early stage cancers diagnosed, LDCT screening is considered to be clinically effective. Question 2: What is the evidence of potential harms from lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? The harms of LDCT lung cancer screening include false positive tests and the consequences of unnecessary invasive follow-up procedures for conditions that are eventually diagnosed as benign. While LDCT screening leads to an increased frequency of invasive procedures, it does not result in greater mortality soon after an invasive procedure (in trial settings when compared with the control arm).(8) Overdiagnosis, exposure to radiation, psychological distress and an impact on quality of life are other known harms. Systematic review evidence indicates the benefits of LDCT screening are likely to outweigh the harms. The potential harms are likely to be reduced as refinements are made to LDCT screening protocols through: i) the application of risk predication models (e.g. the PLCOm2012), which enable a more accurate selection of the high-risk population through the use of specific criteria (beyond age and smoking history); ii) the use of nodule management algorithms (e.g. Lung-RADS, PanCan), which assist in the diagnostic evaluation of screen-detected nodules and cancers (e.g. more precise volumetric assessment of nodules); and, iii) more judicious selection of patients for invasive procedures. Recent evidence suggests a positive LDCT result may transiently increase psychological distress but does not have long-term adverse effects on psychological distress or health-related quality of life (HRQoL). With regards to smoking cessation, there is no evidence to suggest screening participation invokes a false sense of assurance in smokers, nor a reduction in motivation to quit. The NELSON and Danish trials found no difference in smoking cessation rates between LDCT screening and control groups. Higher net cessation rates, compared with general population, suggest those who participate in screening trials may already be motivated to quit. Question 3: What are the main components of recent major lung cancer screening programs or trials? There are no systematic reviews that capture the main components of recent major lung cancer screening trials and programs. We extracted evidence from original studies and clinical guidance documents and organised this into key groups to form a concise set of components for potential implementation of a national lung cancer screening program in Australia: 1. Identifying the high-risk population: recruitment, eligibility, selection and referral 2. Educating the public, people at high risk and healthcare providers; this includes creating awareness of lung cancer, the benefits and harms of LDCT screening, and shared decision-making 3. Components necessary for health services to deliver a screening program: a. Planning phase: e.g. human resources to coordinate the program, electronic data systems that integrate medical records information and link to an established national registry b. Implementation phase: e.g. human and technological resources required to conduct LDCT examinations, interpretation of reports and communication of results to participants c. Monitoring and evaluation phase: e.g. monitoring outcomes across patients, radiological reporting, compliance with established standards and a quality assurance program 4. Data reporting and research, e.g. audit and feedback to multidisciplinary teams, reporting outcomes to enhance international research into LDCT screening 5. Incorporation of smoking cessation interventions, e.g. specific programs designed for LDCT screening or referral to existing community or hospital-based services that deliver cessation interventions. Most original studies are single-institution evaluations that contain descriptive data about the processes required to establish and implement a high-risk population-based screening program. Across all studies there is a consistent message as to the challenges and complexities of establishing LDCT screening programs to attract people at high risk who will receive the greatest benefits from participation. With regards to smoking cessation, evidence from one systematic review indicates the optimal strategy for incorporating smoking cessation interventions into a LDCT screening program is unclear. There is widespread agreement that LDCT screening attendance presents a ‘teachable moment’ for cessation advice, especially among those people who receive a positive scan result. Smoking cessation is an area of significant research investment; for instance, eight US-based clinical trials are now underway that aim to address how best to design and deliver cessation programs within large-scale LDCT screening programs.(9) Question 4: What is the cost-effectiveness of lung cancer screening programs (include studies of cost–utility)? Assessing the value or cost-effectiveness of LDCT screening involves a complex interplay of factors including data on effectiveness and costs, and institutional context. A key input is data about the effectiveness of potential and current screening programs with respect to case detection, and the likely outcomes of treating those cases sooner (in the presence of LDCT screening) as opposed to later (in the absence of LDCT screening). Evidence about the cost-effectiveness of LDCT screening programs has been summarised in two systematic reviews. We identified a further 13 studies—five modelling studies, one discrete choice experiment and seven articles—that used a variety of methods to assess cost-effectiveness. Three modelling studies indicated LDCT screening was cost-effective in the settings of the US and Europe. Two studies—one from Australia and one from New Zealand—reported LDCT screening would not be cost-effective using NLST-like protocols. We anticipate that, following the full publication of the NELSON trial, cost-effectiveness studies will likely be updated with new data that reduce uncertainty about factors that influence modelling outcomes, including the findings of indeterminate nodules. Gaps in the evidence There is a large and accessible body of evidence as to the effectiveness (Q1) and harms (Q2) of LDCT screening for lung cancer. Nevertheless, there are significant gaps in the evidence about the program components that are required to implement an effective LDCT screening program (Q3). Questions about LDCT screening acceptability and feasibility were not explicitly included in the scope. However, as the evidence is based primarily on US programs and UK pilot studies, the relevance to the local setting requires careful consideration. The Queensland Lung Cancer Screening Study provides feasibility data about clinical aspects of LDCT screening but little about program design. The International Lung Screening Trial is still in the recruitment phase and findings are not yet available for inclusion in this Evidence Check. The Australian Population Based Screening Framework was developed to “inform decision-makers on the key issues to be considered when assessing potential screening programs in Australia”.(10) As the Framework is specific to population-based, rather than high-risk, screening programs, there is a lack of clarity about transferability of criteria. However, the Framework criteria do stipulate that a screening program must be acceptable to “important subgroups such as target participants who are from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, people from disadvantaged groups and people with a disability”.(10) An extensive search of the literature highlighted that there is very little information about the acceptability of LDCT screening to these population groups in Australia. Yet they are part of the high-risk population.(10) There are also considerable gaps in the evidence about the cost-effectiveness of LDCT screening in different settings, including Australia. The evidence base in this area is rapidly evolving and is likely to include new data from the NELSON trial and incorporate data about the costs of targeted- and immuno-therapies as these treatments become more widely available in Australia.

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