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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Cancer"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 23 листопада 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Cancer"

Basch, Corey H., Charles E. Basch, Grace Clarke Hillyer, and Rachel Reeves. "YouTube Videos Related to Skin Cancer: A Missed Opportunity for Cancer Prevention and Control." JMIR Cancer 1, no. 1 (March 2, 2015): e1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/cancer.4204.

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Jabour, Abdulrahman M., Brian E. Dixon, Josette F. Jones, and David A. Haggstrom. "Toward Timely Data for Cancer Research: Assessment and Reengineering of the Cancer Reporting Process." JMIR Cancer 4, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): e4. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/cancer.7515.

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Corbett, Teresa, Jane C. Walsh, AnnMarie Groarke, Rona Moss-Morris, Eimear Morrissey, and Brian E. McGuire. "Cancer-Related Fatigue in Post-Treatment Cancer Survivors: Theory-Based Development of a Web-Based Intervention." JMIR Cancer 3, no. 2 (July 4, 2017): e8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/cancer.6987.

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Williams, Kate, Abigail Fisher, Rebecca J. Beeken, and Jane Wardle. "Availability of Information About Lifestyle for Cancer Survivors in England: A Review of Statutory and Charitable Sector Organizations and Cancer Centers." JMIR Cancer 1, no. 1 (March 9, 2015): e2. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/cancer.3521.

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Baseman, Janet, Debra Revere, and Laura-Mae Baldwin. "A Mobile Breast Cancer Survivorship Care App: Pilot Study." JMIR Cancer 3, no. 2 (September 26, 2017): e14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/cancer.8192.

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van Eenbergen, Mies C., Lonneke V. van de Poll-Franse, Emiel Krahmer, Suzan Verberne, and Floortje Mols. "Analysis of Content Shared in Online Cancer Communities: Systematic Review." JMIR Cancer 4, no. 1 (April 3, 2018): e6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/cancer.7926.

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Sato, Akira, Eiji Aramaki, Yumiko Shimamoto, Shiro Tanaka, and Koji Kawakami. "Blog Posting After Lung Cancer Notification: Content Analysis of Blogs Written by Patients or Their Families." JMIR Cancer 1, no. 1 (May 18, 2015): e5. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/cancer.3883.

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Background The advent and spread of the Internet has changed the way societies communicate. A portion of information on the Internet may constitute an important source of information concerning the experiences and thoughts of patients and their families. Patients and their families use blogs to obtain updated information, search for alternative treatments, facilitate communication with other patients, and receive emotional support. However, much of this information has yet to be actively utilized by health care professionals. Objective We analyzed health-related information in blogs from Japan, focusing on the feelings and satisfaction levels of lung cancer patients or their family members after being notified of their disease. Methods We collected 100 blogs written in Japanese by patients (or their families) who had been diagnosed with lung cancer by a physician. These 100 blogs posts were searchable between June 1 and June 30, 2013. We focused on blog posts that addressed the lung cancer notification event. We analyzed the data using two different approaches (Analysis A and Analysis B). Analysis A was blog content analysis in which we analyzed the content addressing the disease notification event in each blog. Analysis B was patient's dissatisfaction and anxiety analysis. Detailed blog content regarding patient's dissatisfaction and anxiety at the individual sentence level was coded and analyzed. Results The 100 blog posts were written by 48 men, 46 women, and 6 persons whose sex was undisclosed. The average age of the blog authors was 52.4 years. With regard to cancer staging, there were 5 patients at Stage I, 3 patients at Stage II, 14 patients at Stage III, 21 patients at Stage IV, and 57 patients without a disclosed cancer stage. The results of Analysis A showed that the proportion of patients who were dissatisfied with the level of health care exceeded that of satisfied patients (22% vs 8%). From the 2499 sentences in the 100 blog posts analyzed, we identified expressions of dissatisfaction and anxiety in 495 sentences. Our results showed that there were substantially more posts concerning “Way of living, reasons for living, set of values” and “Relationships with medical staff (own hospital)” than in previous studies (Analysis B). Conclusions This study provides insight into the feelings of dissatisfaction and anxieties held by lung cancer patients and their families, including those regarding the “Way of living, reasons for living, set of values” and “Relationship with medical staff (own hospital),” which were inaccessible in previous survey analyses. When comparing information obtained from patients’ voluntary records and those from previous surveys conducted by health care institutions, it is likely that the former would be more indicative of patients’ actual opinions and feelings. Therefore, it is important to utilize such records as an information resource.

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Carter, Wendy, Karen Fergus, Saunia Ahmad, Deborah McLeod, and Joanne Stephen. "Defining the Role of the Online Therapeutic Facilitator: Principles and Guidelines Developed for Couplelinks, an Online Support Program for Couples Affected by Breast Cancer." JMIR Cancer 1, no. 1 (April 14, 2015): e4. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/cancer.3887.

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Kilsdonk, Ellen, Eline van Dulmen-den Broeder, Helena J. van der Pal, Nynke Hollema, Leontien C. Kremer, Marry M. van den Heuvel-Eibrink, Flora E. van Leeuwen, Monique W. Jaspers, and Marleen H. van den Berg. "Effect of Web-Based Versus Paper-Based Questionnaires and Follow-Up Strategies on Participation Rates of Dutch Childhood Cancer Survivors: A Randomized Controlled Trial." JMIR Cancer 1, no. 2 (November 24, 2015): e11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/cancer.3905.

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Kim, Matthew. "Evaluation of a Web-Based App Demonstrating an Exclusionary Algorithmic Approach to TNM Cancer Staging." JMIR Cancer 1, no. 1 (April 2, 2015): e3. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/cancer.4019.

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Дисертації з теми "Cancer"

CATTIER, JEAN-MICHEL. "Contribution a l'etude de l'anurie dans les cancers pelviens : cancer de prostate, cancer colo-rectal, cancer du col de l'uterus." Limoges, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LIMO0208.

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Fruka, Tayra. "An evaluation of cancer biomarkers in normal ovarian epithelial cells and ovarian cancer cell lines." University of the Western Cape, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6920.

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Philosophiae Doctor - PhD
Introduction: Globally, there are over 190,000 new reported cases of ovarian cancers per annum. This comprises 3% to 4% of all cancers in women. Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of deaths in women. Ovarian cancer is the second most diagnosed gynaecological malignancy and over all the fifth cause leading to death among all types of cancer in the UK in 2004. More than 70% of epithelial ovarian cancers are diagnosed at an advanced stage. Consequently, the prognosis is poor and the mortality rate high. Thus, the survival rate is affected by how far the disease has progressed or spread. A dire need exists to identify ovarian cancer biomarkers, which could be used as good indicators of expression in ovarian cancer cells in vitro Aim: The aim of this study was to analyse selected cancer biomarkers, which are currently under intense investigation for their suitability to diagnose epithelial ovarian cancer at an early stage. These biomarkers were analysed in terms of their in vitro expression in normal epithelial cells and ovarian cancer cell lines, which allows for their genomic and proteomic classification. The expression analysis of each biomarker is related to the malignancy of a tumour and, therefore, advocates its use for potential future improvement of sensitive tumour markers. Methods: The primary human ovarian surface epithelial cell line (HOSEpiC), SKOV-3 cells and the OAW42 human epithelial ovarian tumour cell lines were used to evaluate the selected cancer biomarkers. Cells were cultured using appropriate media and supplements, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) utilized to validate expression levels of the following genes: HDAC1, HDAC2, HDCA3, HDAC5, HDAC6, HDAC7, HDAC8, LPAR1, LPAR2, MUC16 and FOSL1, against normal housekeeping genes GAPDH and HPRT. In addition, immunocytochemistry was also used in the validation process of the aforementioned genes. Significance: ovarian cancer cells express gene signatures, which pose significant challenges for cancer drug development, therapeutics, prevention and management. The present study is an effort to explore ovarian cancer biomarkers to provide a better diagnostic method that may offer translational therapeutic possibilities to increase five- year survival rate. Results: HDAC5, HDAC6, LPAR1, LPAR2 and MUC16 expressed distinctively in ovarian cancers matched to other tissues or cancer types have already been identified by RT-QPCR and confirmed by immunocytochemistry and efforts to generate monoclonal antibodies to the other six genes (HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3, HDAC7, HDAC8 and FOSL1) encoded proteins are underway. Conclusions: here we provide strong evidence suggesting that HDAC5, HDAC6, LPAR1, LPAR2, except MUC16 are up regulated in ovarian cancer. These data were confirmed by examining Human Protein Atlas (HPA) databases, in addition to protein expression of HDAC5, HDAC6, LPAR1, LPAR2 and MUC16 in cells cytoplasm. For future prospective, using other techniques that assess the variant expression that could explain the release of these gene candidates into the circulation with serum tumour markers, and protein expression will be strengthened.

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Engler, Jennifer [Verfasser]. "Cancer Care and Cancer Patients’ Experiences with Cancer / Jennifer Engler." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1180994191/34.

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Stocks, Tanja. "Metabolic factors and cancer risk : prospective studies on prostate cancer, colorectal cancer, and cancer overall." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Urologi och andrologi, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-22567.

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Background: A large number of prospective studies have shown that overweight and diabetes are related to an increased risk of many cancers, including colorectal cancer. In contrast, diabetes has been related to a decreased risk of prostate cancer, and overweight has been related to an increased risk of fatal, but not of incident, prostate cancer. Data from studies on metabolic factors related to overweight and diabetes, and the association with cancer risk, are limited. Aim: The aim of this thesis was to study metabolic factors in relation to risk of prostate cancer (paper I and III), colorectal cancer (paper II and V), and cancer overall (paper VI). Methods: Study designs were i) case-control studies, nested within the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Cohort (paper I and II), and ii) cohort studies of the Swedish Construction Workers cohort (paper III), and the Metabolic syndrome and Cancer project (Me-Can) comprising seven European cohorts (paper V and VI). Paper IV was a descriptive paper of Me-Can. Results, prostate cancer: In paper I, increasing levels of several factors related to insulin resistance (insulin, insulin resistance index, leptin, HbA1c, and glucose) were associated with a decreased risk of overall incident prostate cancer, and the associations were stronger for non-aggressive tumours. In paper III, increasing levels of blood pressure was associated with a significant decreased risk of overall incident prostate cancer and of non-aggressive tumours. Body mass index (BMI) was significantly positively related to fatal prostate cancer. Results, colorectal cancer: In paper II, obesity, hypertension, and hyperglycaemia, were associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer, and presence of two or three of these factors was associated with a higher risk than the presence of one single factor. In paper V, BMI was associated with a significant linear positive association with risk of colorectal cancer in men and women, and significant positive associations were also found in men for blood pressure and triglycerides. A high metabolic syndrome score, based on levels of BMI, blood pressure, glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides, was associated with a significant increased risk of colorectal cancer in men and women. The association was stronger than for any of the factors in single, but there was no evidence of a positive interaction between these metabolic factors. Results, cancer overall: Blood glucose was significantly positively associated with risk of incident and fatal cancer overall, and at several specific sites. The associations were stronger in women than in men, and for fatal than for incident cancer. Conclusions: Results from these studies indicate that elevated blood glucose is related to an increased risk of cancer overall and at several specific sites, and further, that overweight and metabolic aberrations increase the risk of colorectal cancer in an additive way. The association with prostate cancer seems to be more complex; insulin resistance and high blood pressure were in our studies related to a decreased risk of overall incident prostate cancer and of non-aggressive tumours, whereas overweight increased the risk of fatal prostate cancer.

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Eberst, Guillaume Nicolas. "Seconds cancers après traitement curatif d'un cancer broncho-pulmonaire." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UBFCE029.

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Le premier des objectifs du plan cancer 2014-2019 était de guérir plus de malades en favorisant les diagnostics plus précoces. Cet objectif laisse espérer davantage de diagnostic à des stades précoces accessibles à une résection chirurgicale. A l’heure actuelle, la chirurgie exérèse d’un cancer broncho-pulmonaire non à petites cellules (CBNPC) est le traitement offrant le plus d’espoir de guérison. Ce travail de thèse s’intéresse tout particulièrement au devenir des patients opérés.Malgré une intention curatrice, les patients opérés d’un CBNPC sont à risque de récidive du cancer opéré mais ont également un risque de second cancer, et en particulier de second cancer broncho-pulmonaire primitif (SCBP), supérieur à celui de la population générale, de l’ordre de 20% d’incidence cumulée à 10 ans. Lorsque survient une lésion pulmonaire de même diagnostic histologique que le cancer opéré, le diagnostic différentiel entre récidive du cancer opéré ou SCBP est difficile. Plusieurs définitions existent. En se basant sur l’hypothèse que les récidives sont le témoin d’une agressivité de la maladie cancéreuse, et donc le plus souvent de plus mauvais pronostic que les deuxièmes cancers, nous avons conduit dans un premier temps une revue systématique Cochrane de l’ensemble des définitions utilisées dans la littérature afin d’identifier celle qui offre la meilleure distinction pronostique, sur laquelle se baser pour le diagnostic différentiel entre récidive du cancer opéré et SCBP.Il y a quelques années, l'immunothérapie s'est imposée dans l'arsenal thérapeutique du cancer broncho-pulmonaire. D'abord utilisée en situation métastatique, l'immunothérapie est maintenant testée en situation péri-opératoire dans de nombreux essais. Cependant, en raison de la diversité des combinaisons et des stratégies thérapeutiques, qui n'ont pas toutes été comparées entre elles, une incertitude demeure quant à la meilleure thérapie péri-opératoire pour les patients opérés d'un CBNPC de stade précoce. Nous avons initié une revue systématique d’essais interventionnels avec méta-analyse en réseau selon la méthode Cochrane portant sur l'efficacité de ces traitements péri-opératoires chez les patients atteints de cancer du poumon non à petites cellules.L’étude IFCT-0302 est la seule large étude randomisée de surveillance des opérés d’un CBNPC. Elle a inclus 1775 patients. Son objectif était de comparer la survie globale de deux stratégies de surveillance : par clinique et radiographies thoraciques dans le groupe contrôle, et par clinique, radiographies thoraciques et scanners thoraco-abdominaux dans le groupe expérimental. La qualité de vie décrite par le patient (QdV) est une mesure de trois domaines de la santé perçue : physique, social et émotionnel. La QdV est impactée par une condition médicale ou son traitement. L'évidence suggère que la chirurgie du cancer du poumon a un impact significatif sur la QdV. L’objectif de notre travail a été d’évaluer l’influence du type de surveillance sur la QdV dans la population de l’étude IFCT-0302.Lorsqu’une image pulmonaire anormale est détectée, son diagnostic histologique s’obtient fréquemment par ponction transthoracique guidée par le scanner. La principale complication du geste est le pneumothorax. Les contraintes hospitalières ne permettent pas d’hospitaliser tous les patients après une ponction transthoracique. Nous avons dans ce troisième axe, travaillé à la validation d’un score prédictif de survenue d’un pneumothorax retardé après une ponction-biopsie transpariétale pulmonaire scannoguidée, afin de sélectionner les patients qui doivent être surveillés en hospitalisation conventionnelle. Ce travail a été réalisé sur une cohorte de patients du CHU de Besançon, une partie de la cohorte ayant permis d’élaborer le score, l’autre de le valider. Enfin un travail de validation externe sur une cohorte de patients de l’Hôpital Bichat – Claude Bernard a été réalisé
The first objective of the 2014-2019 cancer plan was to cure more patients by promoting earlier diagnosis. This objective gives hope for more diagnosis at early stages accessible to surgical resection. Currently, excisional surgery for non-small cell bronchopulmonary cancer (NSCLC) is the treatment offering the most hope for a cure. This thesis work is particularly interested in the future of operated patients.Despite a curative intention, patients operated on for NSCLC are at risk of recurrence of the operated cancer but also have a higher risk of second cancer, and in particular second primary lung cancer (SPLC), higher than that of the general population. , of the order of 20% cumulative incidence at 10 years.When a lung lesion with the same histological diagnosis as the operated cancer occurs, the differential diagnosis between recurrence of the operated cancer or SPLC is difficult. Several definitions exist. Based on the hypothesis that recurrences indicate an aggressiveness of the cancerous disease, and therefore most often have a worse prognosis than second cancers, we first conducted a Cochrane systematic review of the set of definitions used in the literature in order to identify the one which offers the best prognostic distinction, on which to base the differential diagnosis between recurrence of operated cancer and SCBP.A few years ago, immunotherapy established itself in the therapeutic arsenal for bronchopulmonary cancer. First used in the metastatic situation, immunotherapy is now tested in the perioperative situation in numerous trials. However, due to the diversity of combinations and therapeutic strategies, not all of which have been compared with each other, uncertainty remains regarding the best perioperative therapy for patients undergoing surgery for early-stage NSCLC. We initiated a systematic review of interventional trials with network meta-analysis according to the Cochrane method on the effectiveness of these perioperative treatments in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.The IFCT-0302 study is the only large randomized surveillance study of NSCLC patients. It included 1775 patients. Its objective was to compare the overall survival of two monitoring strategies: by clinic and chest x-rays in the control group, and by clinic, chest x-rays and thoraco-abdominal scans in the experimental group. Patient-described quality of life (HRQoL) is a measure of three domains of perceived health: physical, social, and emotional. QoL is impacted by a medical condition or its treatment. Evidence suggests that lung cancer surgery has a significant impact on QoL. The objective of our work was to evaluate the influence of the type of surveillance on HRQoL in the population of the IFCT-0302 study.When an abnormal lung image is detected, its histological diagnosis is frequently obtained by transthoracic puncture guided by the scanner. The main complication of the procedure is pneumothorax. Hospital constraints do not allow all patients to be hospitalized after a transthoracic puncture. In this third axis, we worked on the validation of a predictive score for the occurrence of delayed pneumothorax after a CT-guided transparietal lung biopsy, in order to select patients who must be monitored in conventional hospitalization. This work was carried out on a cohort of patients from Besançon University Hospital, one part of the cohort having made it possible to develop the score, the other to validate it. Finally, external validation work on a cohort of patients from the Bichat – Claude Bernard Hospital was carried out

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Pieters, Huibrie. "From 'Cancer Patient' to 'Cancer Survivor' oldest breast cancer survivors in transition /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=2023818721&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Jégu, Jérémie. "Cancer ultérieur chez les survivants d'un premier cancer : incidence et impact sur la survie." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAJ006/document.

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Les objectifs de cette thèse étaient d’étudier les tendances du risque de second cancer primitif (SPC) selon l’année de diagnostic d’un premier cancer des voies aéro-digestives supérieures (VADS) dans le Bas-Rhin, de produire les premières estimations de l’incidence des SPC à l’échelle nationale en France et d’estimer la survie des patients atteints d’un cancer des VADS selon la présence d’antécédents de cancer. Ce travail a montré que : 1) L’excès de risque de SPC des VADS et de l’œsophage a diminué de 53% entre 1975 et 2006 dans le Bas-Rhin, mais que le risque de SPC du poumon est resté stable ; 2) Le risque de SPC en France est augmenté de 36% chez les patients atteints de cancer par rapport à la population générale ; 3) La survie des hommes atteints d’un cancer des VADS était fortement associée à la présence d’antécédents de cancer. Des perspectives se dégagent de ce travail en termes de recherche épidémiologique, de recherche clinique et de politiques de santé publique
The objectives of this PhD thesis were: to study the trends of the risk of second primary cancer (SPC) among patients with a head and neck (HNSCC) cancer in Bas-Rhin, to provide first nationwide estimates of the risk of SPC in France and to assess the survival of patients with a HNSCC depending on their history of cancer. This work showed that : 1) The excess risk of SPC of head and neck and esophagus sites decreased by 53% over three decades among patients with a HNSCC, and that the excess risk of SPC of the lung did not change significantly. 2) The risk of SPC among cancer survivors in France was increased by 36% compared to the general population. 3) History of cancer was strongly associated with survival among HNSCC patients. Several epidemiological and clinical research perspectives can be established based on this work. These results also present an interest in a public health perspective in the framework of the third cancer plan

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Soerjomataram, Isabelle. "Multiple primary cancers in patients with breast ans skin cancer." [S.l.] : Rotterdam : [The Author] ; Erasmus University [Host], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1765/10779.

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Almutairi, Mikhlid Hammad. "Identification of novel human cancer-testis-antigen genes in cancers." Thesis, Bangor University, 2014. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/identification-of-novel-human-cancertestisantigen-genes-in-cancers(015fda5b-5bd3-42c1-a610-811f0acde19a).html.

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陳潔盈 and Kit-ying Loucia Chan. "Expression analysis of Candidate cancer genes in non-small cell lung cancer." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45011163.

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Книги з теми "Cancer"

Otto, Florian, and Manfred P. Lutz, eds. Early Gastrointestinal Cancers II: Rectal Cancer. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08060-4.

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Timmermann, Carsten, and Elizabeth Toon, eds. Cancer Patients, Cancer Pathways. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137272089.

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Wyatt, Debbie, and Nicholas Hulbert-Williams. Cancer and Cancer Care. 1 Oliver’s Yard, 55 City Road London EC1Y 1SP: SAGE Publications Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781473920620.

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Bose, S. M. Cancer. New Delhi: National Book Trust, India, 2002.

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Rodgers, Joann Ellison. Cancer. New York: Chelsea House, 1990.

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Herda, D. J. Cancer. New York: F. Watts, 1989.

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Bradbury, Robert H., ed. Cancer. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-33120-9.

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Nery, R. Cancer. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8091-7.

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Yount, Lisa. Cancer. San Diego, Calif: Lucent Books, 1999.

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Tobias, Jeffrey S. Cancer. London: St. Louis, 1993.

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Частини книг з теми "Cancer"

Zarisfi, Mohammadreza, Tu Nguyen, Jessie R. Nedrow, and Anne Le. "The Heterogeneity Metabolism of Renal Cell Carcinomas." In The Heterogeneity of Cancer Metabolism, 117–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65768-0_8.

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AbstractAccording to data from the American Cancer Society, cancer is one of the deadliest health problems globally. Annually, renal cell carcinoma (RCC) causes more than 100,000 deaths worldwide [1–4], posing an urgent need to develop effective treatments to increase patient survival outcomes. New therapies are expected to address a major factor contributing to cancer’s resistance to standard therapies: oncogenic heterogeneity. Gene expression can vary tremendously among different types of cancers, different patients of the same tumor type, and even within individual tumors; various metabolic phenotypes can emerge, making singletherapy approaches insufficient. Novel strategies targeting the diverse metabolism of cancers aim to overcome this obstacle. Though some have yielded positive results, it remains a challenge to uncover all of the distinct metabolic profiles of RCC. In the quest to overcome this obstacle, the metabolic oriented research focusing on these cancers has offered freshly new perspectives, which are expected to contribute heavily to the development of new treatments.

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Morris, Katrina Marie, and Katherine Belov. "Cancer Immunology of Transmissible Cancers." In Cancer Immunology, 419–28. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44006-3_22.

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"Colorectal Cancer: An Overview." In Gastrointestinal Cancers. Exon Publications, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36255/exon-publications-gastrointestinal-cancers-colorectal-cancer.

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"Organ Sparing Surgery in Testicular Cancer." In Urologic Cancers. Exon Publications, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36255/exon-publications-urologic-cancers-testicular-cancer.

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"Prostate Cancer Diagnosis: Biopsy Approaches." In Urologic Cancers. Exon Publications, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36255/exon-publications-urologic-cancers-prostate-cancer-biopsy.

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"The Etiology of Bladder Cancer." In Urologic Cancers. Exon Publications, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36255/exon-publications-urologic-cancers-etiology-bladder-cancer.

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"The Epidemiology of Testicular Cancer." In Urologic Cancers. Exon Publications, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36255/exon-publications-urologic-cancers-epidemiology-testicular-cancer.

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"The Epidemiology of Penile Cancer." In Urologic Cancers. Exon Publications, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36255/exon-publications-urologic-cancers-epidemiology-penile-cancer.

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"The Epidemiology of Stomach Cancer." In Gastrointestinal Cancers. Exon Publications, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36255/exon-publications-gastrointestinal-cancers-stomach-cancer-epidemiology.

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"Improving Prostate Cancer Care through Quality Assurance Programs." In Urologic Cancers. Exon Publications, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36255/exon-publications-urologic-cancers-prostate-cancer-care.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Cancer"

Rodrigues, Milena de Freitas, Ariane Silva da Rocha, David Siqueira Gonçalves, Maria Paula Curado, and Maria Nirvana da Cruz Formiga. "Hereditary cancer syndromes in patients with second primary breast cancer." In Brazilian Breast Cancer Symposium 2023. Mastology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942023v33s1067.

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Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of hereditary cancer syndromes (HCS) in patients with a diagnosis of two primary breast carcinomas and analyze the frequency of pathogenic variants in high- and moderatepenetrance genes. Methodology: This is a retrospective unicentric cohort study on patients with a diagnosis of two primary breast cancers, diagnosed between January 2000 to December 2020, at A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Brazil. The association between categorical variables was analyzed by the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test. For survival curves, the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to describe the survival curve differences. Results: Medical records of breast cancer patients were reviewed from 2000 to 2020, and a frequency of 600 patients with two primary breast tumors (metachronous or synchronous) was observed. In total, 190 (31.7%) patients performed genetic testing and 35 (5.8%) patients presented a pathogenic or likely-pathogenic germline variant in cancer predisposing genes. Conclusion: Our results revealed a low rate of genetic testing among patients with two primary breast cancers in a cancer center and a frequency of carrier patients lower than expected.

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Lacerda, Elisângela de Paula Silveira, Rebeca Mota Goveia, Paula Francinete Faustino Silva, Thais Bonfim Teixeira, and Ruffo de Freitas-Junior. "HEREDITARY BREAST AND OVARIAN CANCER PATIENTS HAVE A FAMILY HISTORY OF CANCER OUTSIDE THE SPECTRUM OF THE SYNDROME, MIMICKING LYNCH AND LI–FRAUMENI SYNDROMES." In Abstracts from the Brazilian Breast Cancer Symposium - BBCS 2021. Mastology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942021v31s2030.

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Patients with pathogenic variants (PV) in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes have hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome (HBOC). Some patients with HBOC have a family history (FH) of different types of cancer not related to the syndrome. The objective of this study was to observe the FH profile of cancer in patients with HBOC syndrome. A total of 123 patients treated at the Advanced Breast Diagnostic Center (CORA) with clinical criteria suggestive of HBOC syndrome were selected according to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN). The collection of 4 ml of blood was performed, which was subjected to DNA extraction and PV analysis in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes by next generation sequencing. The data were analyzed using the Sophia DDM and Ion Reporter software. The variants were considered to be pathogenic according to the ACMG criteria. It was found that among 123 patients analyzed, 19 had HBOC syndrome, of whom 5 were related. Thus, we had 16 families with HBOC syndrome. Among the 16 families, 14 (87.5%) had FH from cancers related to HBOC syndrome, 9 (56.25%) had FH from cancers not related to HBOC syndrome, and 1 (16.25%) did not have FH cancer. A total of 8 (50%) of families with HBOC also met the NCCN criteria for other hereditary cancer syndromes, 3 (18.75%) for Li–Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) and HBOC, 3 (18.75%) for Lynch syndrome (LS) and HBOC, and 2 (12.5%) for HBOC, LFS, and LS. The most common cancers observed outside the common spectrum of HBOC syndrome in families were stomach cancer (25%), intestine (18.75%), liver (18.75%), and skin (18.75%). These data suggest the importance of a complete assessment of FH in patients with HBOC syndrome to better understand its relationship with the predisposition to different types of cancer.

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Gu, Qiangqiang, Naresh Prodduturi, and Steven N. Hart. "Deep Learning in Automating Breast Cancer Diagnosis from Microscopy Images." In 2024 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2024-1017.

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Abstract Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women. With early diagnosis, some breast cancers are highly curable. Classifying normal versus tumor breast tissues from microscopy images is an ideal case to use for deep learning and could help diagnose breast cancer with higher reproducibility. Since data preprocessing and hyperparameter tuning have impacts on breast cancer classification accuracies, training a classifier with appropriate data preprocessing and optimized hyperparameters could improve breast cancer classification accuracy. Using 12 combinations of model architectures, data preprocessing, and hyperparameter configurations, the validation accuracy was calculated using the BreAst Cancer Histology (BACH) dataset. The DenseNet201, a non-specialized model architecture, with transfer learning approach achieved 98.61% validation accuracy compared to only 64.00% for the digital pathology (DP)-specialized model architecture. The combination of image data preprocessing and hyperparameters have a profound impact on the performance of deep neural networks for image classification. To identify a well-performing neural network to classify tumor versus normal breast histology, researchers should not only focus on developing new models specifically for DP, since hyperparameter tuning for existing deep neural networks in the computer vision field could also achieve a better prediction accuracy.

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Hider, Nabilah Hanani, Anis Salwa Binti Mohd Khairuddin, and Effariza Binti Hanafi. "VGG Classification Model for Lung Cancer Diagnosis." In International Technical Postgraduate Conference 2022. AIJR Publisher, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/proceedings.141.9.

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Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide that leads to small survival rate. It is important to detect the presence of these harmful cells in human body at early stages to prevent it from worsening. The primary goal of this study is to propose an efficient lung cancer image classification model using deep learning method. The cancer image classification framework is proposed by using transfer learning with Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to classify three categories of 5,100 cancer images namely lung adenocarcinoma, lung squamous cell carcinoma and benign lung tissues obtained from the dataset. Several experiments have been performed to improve the VGG19 model performance by varying the optimizers including RMSprop, Adam and SGD. The performance of all experiments conducted were analyzed based on the training and validation curves, classification reports and the confusion metrics.

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Melo, Maria Eduarda Bernardino Martins, Gabriela Prado Lopes, Darley Lima Ferreira Filho, Irnanda Layanna Gomes Oliveira, and Maria Eduarda Vasconcelos Florêncio Cavalcanti. "MALE BILATERAL BREAST CANCER: CASE REPORT." In Scientifc papers of XXIII Brazilian Breast Congress - 2021. Mastology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942021v31s1077.

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Introduction: Breast cancer occurring bilaterally in men is extremely rare. Breast cancer represents 1% of all cancers, while bilateral cancer represents 5% of a total number of patients with breast cancer, which may be synchronic or metachronic. Many cases of breast cancer in men are detected between 60 and 70 years, with an average of 67 years of age. In men there is a tendency for late diagnosis at a more advanced stage than in women. Case report: A male patient, JSS, 68 years old, from Afogados da Ingazeira, state of Pernambuco, was seen with breast tumoration in June 2016. He arrived at the service with an existing diagnosis of breast cancer through core-biopsy examination. The physical exam presented bulging in the left retroareolar region and a hardened tumoration in palpation. Radical mastectomy was performed. The histopathological results confirmed an invasive mucinous carcinoma with histological grade I, nuclear grade II and mitotic grade I. Free margins. The most frequent histological type in men is ductal (85%–90%), followed by papillary in 4.5% and mucinous in 2.8% of the cases. Nineteen free axillary lymph nodes were dissected, with Estrogen and Progesterone + receptors, Her-2, negative and with Ki-67 of 5%. Breast cancers in men present with more positivity for hormone receptors and low expression for Her-2. The pathological staging was classified as II a. The patient was being followed by the clinical oncology department, where he was chosen not to do chemotherapy and only hormone therapy, with Tamoxifen 20 mg. However, over a period of six months he noticed the presence of a tumoration in the right breast. An image examination was performed with MG/USG, which confirmed the presence of a tumor in the right retro-areolar region (Birads IV). A core-biopsy of the lesion was requested, which confirmed an invasive breast cancer. The patient underwent right radical mastectomy, whose result confirmed an invasive ductal carcinoma with pathological staging II a. Conclusion: This pathology is extremely rare in men and the evaluation of the contralateral breast is of fundamental importance. Early diagnosis and compliance with treatment will reduce tumor recurrence and provide a better prognosis for these patients.

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Moreno, Andre, Kimberly Masiero Cola, Larissa Heberle, and Marcelo Moreno. "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND FORM OF DIAGNOSIS OF BREAST CANCER." In Scientifc papers of XXIII Brazilian Breast Congress - 2021. Mastology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942021v31s1008.

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Introduction: Breast cancer is the most incident neoplasia among Brazilian women. According to immunogenetic characteristics, it is possible to verify that malignant breast neoplasms with greater biological activity would be those classified as luminary B, HER2+ and triple-negative, and that the one with the lowest biological activity would be the luminal subtype A. Thus, a mammography would be more likely to detect cancers with a low degree of biological characteristics such as “luminal A”. On the other hand, mammary carcinomas with greater potential for systemic dissemination show faster growth in the breast parenchyma and are detected predominantly by self-examination. Knowledge of this difference in the clinical behavior of mammary malignant neoplasms is important for the diagnosis of “interval” breast cancers, that is, breast cancer that appears in the period between the performance of annual screening mammograms. Objectives: Verify the relationship between immunohistochemical characterization of malignant breast neoplasms and the finding that motivated the medical consultation, in women with breast cancer and residents of Western Santa Catarina, Brazil. Methods: Observational, cross-sectional study, which included women diagnosed with breast cancer and treated at an oncology referral center in the city of Chapecó, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, from January 2000 to December 2016. Patients that presented medical records whose main complaint was towards the diagnosis of breast cancer were included (example: nodule diagnosed by imaging exams, self-examination, clinical examination). Besides this, the breast injury related to this complaint should have been breast cancer diagnosed by an anatomopathological examination and an immunohistochemistry study. The project was developed in accordance to CEP/UNOCHAPECO no. 1819869. Results: Data from 209 patients were analyzed, from which 83 (39.7%) cases of breast cancer were detected by a mammography examination; 115 (55%) cases by breast self-examination and 11 (5.2%) cases by other forms of examination, which included clinical breast examination done by a doctor, magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound. The luminal A immunohistochemical profile was more prevalent among patients who underwent breast cancer detection through mammography (62.6%). There was a correlation between lymph node invasion and the screening method, in which 78.6% of cancers detected by self-examination showed expansion to lymph nodes, while those detected by mammography presented an invasion rate of 45.7% (p=0.002). Conclusions: Breast cancer with immunohistochemical characterization, related to greater biological activity, were most often detected by self-examination, while neoplasms with indolent development were diagnosed predominantly by mammography.

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El-Helou, Etienne, Catalin-Florin Pop, Ammar Shall, Manar Zaiter, Jessica Naccour, Huu Hoang, Thi Hoa Nguyen, and Xuan Dung Ho. "PRIMARY INVASIVE DUCTAL CARCINOMA OF AXILLARY ACCESSORY BREAST." In Brazilian Breast Cancer Symposium 2022. Mastology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942022v32s2094.

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Primary accessory breast cancer is an extremely rare pathology, representing less than 1% of all breast cancers, and it is found in more than 90% of cases in the axilla. The diagnosis of accessory axillary breast cancer (AABC) is often late and at an advanced stage, with an average delay of 40.5 months. Histological sampling and immunohistochemical results confirm the diagnosis. Most patients are diagnosed with stage II disease or higher, so it is considered to have a poor prognosis. There is no proper management for AABC; it follows the guidelines for orthotopic pectoral breast cancer. We therefore report the case of a 50-year-old woman diagnosed with grade II invasive ductal carcinoma found in accessory axillary breast, treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by a wide local resection and axillary lymph node dissection.

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Liu, Ziyu, Wei Shao, Jie Zhang, Min Zhang, and Kun Huang. "Transfer Learning via Optimal Transportation for Integrative Cancer Patient Stratification." In Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-21}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2021/380.

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The Stratification of early-stage cancer patients for the prediction of clinical outcome is a challenging task since cancer is associated with various molecular aberrations. A single biomarker often cannot provide sufficient information to stratify early-stage patients effectively. Understanding the complex mechanism behind cancer development calls for exploiting biomarkers from multiple modalities of data such as histopathology images and genomic data. The integrative analysis of these biomarkers sheds light on cancer diagnosis, subtyping, and prognosis. Another difficulty is that labels for early-stage cancer patients are scarce and not reliable enough for predicting survival times. Given the fact that different cancer types share some commonalities, we explore if the knowledge learned from one cancer type can be utilized to improve prognosis accuracy for another cancer type. We propose a novel unsupervised multi-view transfer learning algorithm to simultaneously analyze multiple biomarkers in different cancer types. We integrate multiple views using non-negative matrix factorization and formulate the transfer learning model based on the Optimal Transport theory to align features of different cancer types. We evaluate the stratification performance on three early-stage cancers from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project. Comparing with other benchmark methods, our framework achieves superior accuracy for patient outcome prediction.

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Mohammadi, Kazhaleh, Arthur Saniotis, Muhamed Abbas, and Nasim Afhami. "Female Prevalence of Breast Cancer: An Evolutionary Perspective." In 5th International Conference on Biomedical and Health Sciences. Cihan University-Erbil, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.24086/biohs2024/paper.1179.

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The global prevalence of breast cancer reflects a profound mismatch between the evolutionary adaptations of ancestral humans and the modern lifestyle practices of contemporary society. This discrepancy is evident in the alteration of reproductive patterns and lifestyle factors, such as earlier onset of menarche, increased ovulatory cycles, shorter lactation periods, late menopause, nulliparity, decreased physical activity levels, higher adiposity, and consumption of processed foods. These modern influences have led to unprecedented levels of estrogen exposure in women, contributing to breast cancer risk. Comparisons between traditional and modern women underscore the significant increase in menstrual cycles and reproductive cancers in the latter group. This evolutionary mismatch, characterized by changes in reproductive and lifestyle factors, poses a significant risk for the development of breast cancer in modern women.

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"Case series: Breast and ovarian cancer syndrome." In 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685364.

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Aims and Objectives: To report a series of cases with breast and ovarian carcinomas either in same patient or in a family and identifying the importance of BRCA 1, 2 genetic testing in such individuals. Materials and Methods: The medical records of breast and ovarian cancer patients operated over past 3 years at a single institute were reviewed retrospectively and their clinical profile, family history, final pathological reports and follow up data was collected. Results: 8 patients were found to have breast and ovarian malignancies, out of which 3 had synchronous breast and ovarian cancers, 4 had metachronous and 1 patient with ovarian cancer had history of breast cancer in family. Median age of presentation to the hospital was 47 years and median time interval in metachronous disease patients was 5.5 years. Conclusion: About 5% of people who have breast cancer and about 10% of women who have ovarian cancer have HBOC, caused by germline mutation in BRCA 1, 2 gene. These individuals have increased risk of developing breast cancer at younger age, TNBC, or developing a second primary in breast or ovary plus an overall risk of breast/ovarian/prostate/pancreatic malignancies in other family members due to inheritable mutation. Identification of BRCA mutation in such individuals can help family members to undergo genetic counseling and follow different screening and prevention guidelines from general population thus reducing the cancer risks.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Cancer"

Ramsey, Imogen, Kate Kennedy, Deborah Forsythe, Micah Peters, Greg Sharplin, Nadia Corsini, and Marion Eckert. Cancer control plans. The Sax Institute, June 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/jkea9139.

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This review, commissioned by the NSW Cancer Institute, highlights key trends and common elements of cancer control plans from Australia and countries with health systems similar to NSW. It will be used as the basis for a discussion paper in the development of the next NSW Cancer Plan. A clear message from the review is the need for plans to be tailored to the local context, to consider the most prevalent cancers and at risk populations, to respond to the needs of stakeholders, to have detailed actionable outcomes, to be appropriately resourced and to have a clear plan for implementation and evaluation. Common elements of included plans were: prevention, screening and early detection, treatment, survivorship and palliative care, coordination between services, approaches to specific populations, research and training, workforce, implementation, evaluation and monitoring, and trends for cancer control

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Aziz, Md Abdul, Tahmina Akter, and Mohammad Safiqul Islam. Effect of miR-196a2 rs11614913 polymorphism on cancer susceptibility: evidence from an updated meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.5.0027.

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Review question / Objective: MiR-196a2 rs11614913 polymorphism has been studied in a wide range of cancers throughout the years. Despite a large number of epidemiological studies performed in almost all ethnic populations, the contribution of this polymorphism in cancer risk is still inconclusive. Therefore, this updated meta-analysis was performed to estimate a meticulous correlation between miR-196a2 rs11614913 variant and cancer susceptibility. Condition being studied: Different types of cancer patients and healthy controls were evaluated to detect the cancer risk in the individual case-control studies. We performed a meta analysis of these case control studies to get a pulled outcome risk.

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Freire, Mariana, Diana Martins, Maria Filomena Botelho, and Fernando Mendes. Biomarkers of resistance mechanisms in innovative lung cancer treatments - A systematic Review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.9.0011.

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Review question / Objective: This systematic review aims to provide an overview of the immunotherapy resistance mechanisms and identify potential biomarkers associated with immunotherapy response in NSCLC, as well as examine new treatment options to overcome this hurdle. Condition being studied: Lung Cancer (LC) remains one of the leading cancers worldwide. In 2020, were globally estimated 2 206 771 new cases and 1 796 144 deaths, representing the uttermost frequent cause of cancer death. LC is classified histologically into small cell lung cancer (SCLC) or non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), being the last one the most common, representing 80 to 85% of all LC. The three predominantly subtypes of NSCLC are lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) and large cell carcinoma (LCLC). NSCLC is usually diagnosed in advanced-staged disease due to ambiguous and delayed severe symptoms.

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Parsons, Helen M. Nutrition as Prevention for Improved Cancer Health Outcomes. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), May 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer260.

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Objective. To understand the evidence base for nutrition interventions delivered prior to or during cancer treatment for preventing and treating negative cancer and cancer treatment–related outcomes among individuals with or at risk for malnutrition. The primary purpose was to inform the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Pathways to Prevention workshop Nutrition as Prevention for Improved Cancer Health Outcomes, held July 26–28, 2022. Data sources. We searched Ovid Medline, Ovid Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials to identify studies from 2000 through July 2022. We conducted grey literature searches to identify additional resources relevant to the associated costs or value (e.g., cost-effectiveness, cost-benefit) of nutrition interventions. Review methods. The review was guided by a set of Key Questions established by the NIH planning committee for the Nutrition as Prevention for Improved Cancer Health Outcomes workshop. We searched for studies that evaluated a broad range of nutrition interventions (e.g., dietary supplements, nutrition support, nutrition counseling) for preventing and treating negative outcomes of cancer and cancer-related treatment. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with enrollment ≥50 participants. We extracted basic study information from all eligible studies, then grouped studies by broad intervention and cancer types. We provide a detailed evidence map for all included studies, but conducted risk of bias and additional qualitative descriptions of outcomes for only those intervention and cancer types with a larger volume of literature. Results. We identified 9,798 unique references, with 206 studies from 219 publications reporting RCTs of nutrition interventions to potentially improve negative outcomes of cancer and cancer-related treatment. Two decades of randomized trial evidence on nutrition interventions for adults prior to and/or during cancer treatment primarily focused on dietary supplements, nutrition support (including oral nutrition supplements), and the route or timing of nutrition interventions for gastrointestinal and head and neck cancers in the inpatient setting. Most studies evaluated changes in body weight/composition, adverse events, length of hospital stay, and quality of life. Few studies were conducted within the U.S. setting. Among intervention and cancer types with a high volume of literature (n=114), which predominantly included studies in dietary supplements and nutrition support in gastrointestinal and head and neck cancers, 11 percent (n=12) were rated as low risk of bias (higher quality), 40 percent (n=46) medium risk of bias, and 49 percent (n=56) high risk of bias (lower quality). Low and medium risk-of-bias studies reported mixed results on the effect of nutrition interventions across cancer and treatment-related outcomes. Although the evidence map shows a large volume of studies evaluating nutrition interventions and outcomes, these studies showed high heterogeneity across study populations, interventions, and outcomes (measure definitions, timing of measurements), even within nutrition intervention categories; as a result, we could not aggregate results. While studies enrolled individuals from multiple cancer types, treatments, and stages, across the lifespan, with varying degrees of muscle wasting, and in those with a range of comorbid conditions, no eligible studies specifically evaluated whether the effects of nutrition interventions on preventing negative outcomes varied across these characteristics. Among studies included in our Key Questions, we found that few (4%, n=8) published cost or value (e.g., cost-effectiveness, cost-benefit) information related to the intervention. In our grey literature search of additional studies examining cost or value of nutrition interventions, we found few studies that conducted cost-effectiveness or cost-benefit analyses; among those that did, we found the studies were conducted in non-U.S. health systems and demonstrated mixed results on the value of nutrition interventions. Conclusions. Although overall RCT evidence focused on a wide range of nutrition interventions, studies were concentrated in use of dietary supplements, nutrition support, and the route or timing of nutrition interventions within gastrointestinal and head and neck cancers in inpatient settings. Among interventions with the highest volume of literature, the majority of studies were rated as high risk of bias. Our findings point to the need for rigorous new research to bolster the evidence base. Specifically, the field needs a more detailed future evaluation of a subset of nutrition interventions contained in this evidence map that focuses on priorities most relevant to specific stakeholders (e.g., oncologists, patients, dietitians, researchers, policymakers). Further, studies should be specifically designed to evaluate the main outcomes of interest for clinical practice. Future research would also benefit from creation of standardized taxonomies for interventions and outcomes as well as more rigorous design and reporting of nutrition interventions. As mentioned, heterogeneity of populations, interventions, comparators, and outcomes precluded aggregation. Currently, the quality and heterogeneity of the studies limit translation of findings into clinical practice or guidelines. In order to inform development of these guidelines, coordinated efforts are required to develop detailed conceptual frameworks for mechanisms of nutrition interventions most relevant to clinical care providers and patients. Such frameworks would help inform priorities for future research as well as guide practice and policy.

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Moxham-Hall, Vivienne, Anton du Toit, Sallie Newell, Stuart Brentnall, Deshanie Rawlings, and Eileen Goldberg. Proton beam therapy: A rapid review of the evidence since 2020. The Sax Institute, April 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/tjvf1783.

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The purpose of the report is to conduct a rapid review of the recent evidence (since 2020) on proton beam therapy (PBT) for: paediatric cancers, central nervous system (CNS) tumours, head and neck cancer and prostate cancer. The report aims to provide a rapid summary of the current knowledge about PBT’s effectiveness, safety, and potential advantages over conventional radiation therapy. The report includes evidence that has become available subsequent to the evidence submitted in the South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI)’s Medical Services Advisory Committee (MSAC) application requesting Medicare Benefits Schedule (MBS) listing of PBT for paediatric and rare cancers (MSAC Application No. 1638). In addition, the report presents data on international benchmarking of PBT facilities per million population, and with consideration to Australia’s population and numbers of people with cancers recommended for public funding for PBT by MSAC.

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Stanton, Elliot, and Natasha Mutebi. Food, diet, nutrition and cancer. Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology, UK Parliament, April 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.58248/pn718.

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Squiers, Linda, Mariam Siddiqui, Ishu Kataria, Preet K. Dhillon, Aastha Aggarwal, Carla Bann, Molly Lynch, and Laura Nyblade. Perceived, Experienced, and Internalized Cancer Stigma: Perspectives of Cancer Patients and Caregivers in India. RTI Press, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2021.rr.0044.2104.

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Cancer stigma may lead to delayed diagnosis and treatment, especially in low- and middle-income countries. This exploratory, pilot study was conducted in India to explore the degree to which cancer stigma is perceived, experienced, and internalized among adults living with cancer and their primary caregivers. We conducted a survey of cancer patients and their caregivers in two Indian cities. The survey assessed perceived, experienced, and internalized stigma; demographic characteristics; patient cancer history; mental health; and social support. A purposive sample of 20 cancer survivor and caregiver dyads was drawn from an ongoing population-based cohort study. Overall, 85 percent of patients and 75 percent of caregivers reported experiencing some level (i.e., yes response to at least one of the items) of perceived, experienced, or internalized stigma. Both patients (85 percent) and caregivers (65 percent) perceived that community members hold at least one stigmatizing belief or attitude toward people with cancer. About 60 percent of patients reported experiencing stigma, and over one-third of patients and caregivers had internalized stigma. The findings indicate that fatalistic beliefs about cancer are prevalent, and basic education about cancer for the general public, patients, and caregivers is required. Cancer-related stigma in India should continue to be studied to determine and address its prevalence, root causes, and influence on achieving physical and mental health-related outcomes.

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Wang, Ying yuan, Zechang Chen, Luxin Zhang, Shuangyi Chen, Zhuomiao Ye, Tingting Xu, and Yingying Zhang c. A systematic review and network meta-analysis: Role of SNPs in predicting breast carcinoma risk. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.2.0092.

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Review question / Objective: P: Breast cancer patient; I: Single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with breast cancer risk; C: Healthy person; O: By comparing the proportion of SNP mutations in the tumor group and the control group, the effect of BREAST cancer risk-related SNP was investigated; S: Case-control study. Condition being studied: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancers among women, and its morbidity and mortality have continued to increase worldwide in recent years, reflecting the strong invasiveness and metastasis characteristics of this cancer. BC is a complex disease that involves a sequence of genetic, epigenetic, and phenotypic changes. Polymorphisms of genes involved in multiple biological pathways have been identified as potential risks of BC. These genetic polymorphisms further lead to differences in disease susceptibility and severity among individuals. The development of accurate molecular diagnoses and biological indicators of prognosis are crucial for individualized and precise treatment of BC patients.

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Kang, Jing, Jun Zhang, Zongsheng Tian, Ye Xu, Jiangbi Li, and Mingxina Li. The efficacy and safety of immune-checkpoint inhibitor plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.5.0156.

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Review question / Objective: Population: histologically confirmed advanced NSCLC patients; Intervention: received immune-checkpoint inhibitor plus chemotherapy; Comparison:received chemotherapy; Outcome: reported OS, PFS, ORR and TRAEs; Study design: RCT. Condition being studied: Lung cancer is the primary cause of cancer-related deaths, with an estimated 2.20 million new cases and 1.79 million deaths every year, and 85% of all primary lung cancers are non-small cell lung cancer. Eligibility criteria: Studies were considered eligible if they met the following criteria: (1) being an randomized controlled trial published in English, (2) histologically confirmed advanced NSCLC patients, (3) reported OS, PFS, ORR and TRAEs, (4) the intervention group received immune-checkpoint inhibitor plus chemotherapy, while the control group received chemotherapy, (5) When numerous papers reporting the same trial were found, the most current or most complete publications were chosen. The following were the exclusion criteria: (1) duplicate articles, (2) reviews, meta-analyses, case reports, editorials and letters, (3) molecular biology or animal research, (4) retrospective or prospective observational cohort studies.

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Wang, Yan, Wenpeng Song, Sicheng Zhou, Jie Tian, Yingxian Dong, Jue Li, Junke Chang, et al. Increased risk for subsequent primary lung cancer among female hormone-related cancer patients: a meta-analysis based on over four million cases. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.7.0044.

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Review question / Objective: To identify the risk of lung cancer in FHRC patients compared to the general population. Condition being studied: The incidence rate of lung cancer in women is obviously increasing over the past decade and previous evidence have indicated the significant relationship between disturbances in hormone levels and the risk of lung cancer. Therefore, we hypothesized female hormone-related cancer (FHRC), including the breast, endometrial, cervix, and ovary cancer, patients may experience a higher risk of developing subsequent lung cancer.

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